THE LIFE OF MUHAMMAD A TRANSLATION OF IStfAQ'S SlRAT RASCL ALLAH OXJORD ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS t, I gratefully ai Underlined titles are linked to corresponding pages. CONTENTS ^^^^^_^^^^^_ rHE GENEALOGY < CHILDHOOD ANE "tly™ Persian domination oft , 1 ,-. In ■ ■■ ■ ■' '■■■■■• •■' "'■■■■■■■■■■■ ■■ ■ •■■ ■ ■ ■•'" >■■■"■ V™. on Ufcud Th. d.v of »1-R.ff B. d-N.dlrodM _^^^_ HU rsiH „n 3 l-r.h^ a INTRODUCTION THE AUTHOR l-Zuhri, 'Asim b. 'Urn: went away voluntarily. Obvi The Life °f Muhammad Lufa, al-jazlra on the Tigris, and Ray, finally settling in B feneration Theft .-. -.he son oi the calipti utnman. He was born in c. 20 and took part in the campaign of Jalha and Zubayr against his father's slayers. He died about 100. The language used by al-Waqidi in reference to Ibn al-Mughlra, '»"■ h " n, and knowledge of, Je* d though much that was collections of hadit 'Awwam (23-94). tact with the prophet's widow 'A'isha. He was a recognized authority on the early history of Islam, and the Umayyad caliph 'Abdu'l- Malik applied ie collected the maghas s us little that is nev 'Amrb.Hazm(d.i 3 oori 3 5) , (i. .837) ooota rity. 1 ""-' 1,r "^ '"' h ■■■ '■■< Campaigns or The Book of Campaigns and {the Biography and the Beginning and the il-WIqidl, I. Sa'd, al-Baladhurl, fusion exists in the Qarawiyin mosque at Fez. ih- t,v. :, I hope to publish shortly. J-Nufayli (d: 234). ' -. not be su sed^by I. Sa'd. s Lastly the Fihrist n i that the book ever existed in thre , hammad's early life .n^ ™..i , mply wctmus ..f iK- lwwk which « For the Mubtada' (Mob,!,,') uv must go to T' s Tiifiir and Wfwy^T; first qwotat'O" fmm it in tht [; i: tcr" runs thus: 'I. Hamid said, Salan The Life of Muhammad ti the second half of the first century he poverty of his childhood ill fits the assertion that he belongec ind stories of nriracnl ntsbSrJ undermine tin ion particularly, though not exclusively, I.I. w : 'When the Quraysh became distressed by the tro ity between them and the apostle and those of th< the paragraph ; bui he:,- something mav he said of the author's caution and his fairness. A word that very frequently precedes a statement "uteme'nt may not te true', though on the other hand it may be sound. Thus there are fourteen or more occurrences of the caveat from p. 87 to 148 alone, besides a frequent note that only God knows whether a parti- in his account of the night journey to Jerusalem and the ascent ink) heaver XX 77 Life of 4uhammac hedged with re ese people heard {dhukira ■v.h.a .AW concern A skiifnlly prefaced by fin anku. There is noth i. Al-Hasar been to Jerusal eoftheMu : It is therefore most surprising tha al-Hasan hould end h s story by this is cancelled as it v. rrc l.,v the express statement that it was the current belief of the people of Medina. I.I. concludes by saying that only God knows what really happened. I II 11111 II rom two of U.'s they transmit what I.I. told them on the authority of a certain 'AM. I do xxii The Life of Muhammad the earliest days of his ministry before he had any i the slightest support to this claim, though it was to b< rather have turned in the direction of Jerusalen- cxprcssly affirms elsewhere' that while he was in Me praying turned his face towards Syria. The second as transmitted by Salama must be given the prefere being and the first irs ■id'tunLTveitr claims of the ShI'a hotly disputed. 1 ,„d„. t ,d, y ,h. priority of Mi, Yerouodu reoardcd it as sorcery. The author's Itilh ponsible for the tolo. Auothor tradition from ' Amr b'.'Ubayd to have had it from Jabir b. 'Abdullah via al-Hasa >">"■ e o°Go™haling e ™h'S thTdooSrf heUen'were opened hen Sa'd died Gabriel vi.it.d the prophet and asked ELI t it am. be Sa'd, hurried off at onee to find that h h-,Td' shaken the very throne of God. An anonymous "mforrnan' rave heard from al-Hasan al-Basri that the pallbe aere were other unseen bearers taking the weight ophettol, •!„',':> 12. Tke Life of Muhammad *>ems of 'Ad and Thamud! Could he not have aske. destroyed the first 'Ad and ThamQd and left none rei Ad he said "Can you see anything remaining of themi mows 'Ad and Thamud and those who came after them J unjustified. Wc have only t everything we know of ancient The Life of Muhammad >etry which I.I. included in the Sira had reachec idinga will not be ont of place here. een the period covered by the S™ and the . "in 6r , mUtl* sack of Medina'in a.b. 63 when The Life of Muhammad conclu ion ih t ircumstances, not those of the propyl's companion- daily increasing in owcr and prestige, that we must look for the background of You will find I I tabasefeUowwhohasgoneastray , (p.626). l! r i tr prophet and believed in him when the people of l he hind were e verses in the Slra are i . In the Aglmni 1 the poer, spurious poetry fathered on JJas anywhere. But on the whole I think it is likely art of what I.I. wrote. Doubtless more was said ,, but it is unlikely that such Noldeke expressed the hope that he would live to see the :erpts made by Yaqut shows that practically everything >. Muslim b. Qutayba, 10. Yusuf b. Yahya i 1 Irani time to time, , reports from LI. the prophet's temporary concession to poly- his writing. A third of it was published by von Kremer in his authorities. The reason for this i refer to a man who already enjoyed a * '"j "="""""" nave a siigm value tor textual criticism. Somet.mes they ook, P or tradition^ lore' for he" quoted have comc ab(111 ' *■«** ■ «"** rf« dot from the first to the second :Hv:,tvl, ,':,.• been published and studied as it *" ol ,hem wlU be found m the footnotes to the Uydi-ri cdkimi. , .....parison of the two books be made. h obviously come from eyewitnesses and often throw valuable light °"* oct:aslo n (i°74j <?) ^ '\ is incomplete witk. mthority is 'Uthman b. Saj. his pupils. This ' [al-Kalbi J. 2a; or 206]. I. II. he e in matters archaeological. Whether his selection was governed by taste, whether he thought some of it as he communicated it to ; ' ' f.W«)° ofoTe th his Tabaqdt in 300 by S^ddi" *" ^ T ' '^ V'^ '" r ^ ^'"^ ^ e MaghasiWUqid The Life of Muhammad Ishaq's reputal Infortunately I tioned t» H^ii Kl ll t 11 t 1 j t J 1 I ^ book, which by reas „ „i it, rights: : able to iiiiyyidu'l-N5s al-Ya'roan al-Audakisi (J- 734 ' everyday nutters whiel, (ill ti at. "the expense of 'Abbas. Tins would seem >ndk neutral; and lastly, when the issue i Sufyanb. 'L^.iyn.i .o; oR: ns arc eo P ied down. (bw>; hers), tradition nriumally lav with 6 The Life of Muhammad l-Bukhari: Al-Zuhr Abdullah b. Idris al tfus'ab: He was att raditions to Esf from I.I. J^Mzfandhowl.I.had tftajheuaedtodyeto : divine attributes he left he said that when he left al-'ljll: Trustworthy. (b) The writer tb -vhich I. Sayvidu'l- inown people. Yahya b. al-Qattan inbal quoted him with approval, ant the stories (qisas) were he smiled ir :e Malik and others. Al-Nasa'i said that he was not : it could be used only to confirm what was already authority. Al-Fallas (d. ; we met Yahya b. Qattan v The Life of Muhammad hufpnl, "I jjuuft.iUMn.J.1; ■ s^V" he heard people say something when in fact he did not, that is a downright lie and pin-, invention. I. I, ,-uiu- urong to sav such a thing <» fonly tabic t ' ' from him wlui Ilisham had said about n authority in legal matters has already of complete acceptance or downright 'Other attacks on Thei plained and ■,,-, Ah:, 'ki m.l .^u. The Life of Muhammad Introduction xli ■attacks on a man's good faith, explicit or not, are or are in themselves important. Lastly I have omitted genealogical formulae whenM !lik compiled th Mm am,' i I- said, 'firing it to me for I am its The Text report^ [SmL ST S^rfSjeS? :, £5^?S , SS feld'srfitto'r Then they were reconciled and Malik gave him of .355/_'93 7 produced in fmir ,1 U„ U 1 al-Saqqa, Ibrahim Mloiin the J™* v.ho e crop as a parting gift. Malik did not intend to as a traditionist: all that he disliked was his the notes fromWtW and IXyVthat W. relegated to Khaybai and Quray?a a HiH^^H'rH; BS2 use and its fine bold type is kind to one's eyes. When I have to refer to differences between the texts they arc marked C Malik h roadf only relied uthor ends by r mrkTn™thu h U™»™ U Iio7tbe originator of the el, Hiking ancestry because al-Zuhri and others had said the THE EDITOR IBN HISHSM sameth =«•' •Abdu'l-Ma lik B. HiSHAM was born in Basra and died at Fustat in Egyp TheTra I havi endeavoured tc follow the text as closely as possible without K.al-Tijan *hich derives from Wahb b. Munabbih. The principles which sacrificin without do-ere by doggerel and "w^rh^'iTr^Z^S s Occasionally he is helpful ■ seta into inQirect speech in accoraance wim imgnsn e . g . W . 183 = Suhayli 18; xlii The Life of Muh fTmlakhbarani Yunw on p. 387. There is an ijdza reaching from Miisa (14.) to I Hurayra b. Muhammad b. al-Naqqash (78*). i up. One might well explained is why I I red man, heavy," with curly hair, one eyed; it was a gmpe swimming (in water). When I asked arly reported in Bukharl ii. 368. 19-369. 4. It iaid nothing about the abortive attempt to assassinate Abu Sufyan and the is said to have seen 'Isa during his mi'raj, with molts or >Hi<iillv Unsuccessful effort to recover Khubayb's body. If I.I. said nothing face appearing like drops of water. The reference here to rutted by 'Amr's own family and that they ■or centuries afterwards, we cannot but sus f the poetry of the Sira, not only when h n h, Malik b. Ju'shum al-MudlijI from his father «r Suraqa b. Ju'shum: When the apostle went out .g to Medina Quraysh offered a reward of 100 camels all essential respects the same as I.I. 331-2, though tl differences. Obviously the version in I.I. has been Ii (Wellh. 374). The Life of Muhammad ndingstr ,i^ Tin- daim o relationship between CA 7 I Shi hab from 'Abdu -Rahman b. Ka'b b. MA k b. Ja'far, who was cal £'"m tek^£SdS L h in e thafheVould P no polytheis .'Am,r,.,u::'( apostle, send with me th ■■ .p. ■»-<.!!- Ire \ai,i folk When "Amir b. inch briefer account than that given in LH. 648 f. Cf. T. (Well) 337 Ibrahim b 'Uqba from Salim b. 'Abdullah from 'Abdullah -„■ null CO, ■■. | , ., eTbdL* him. By Allah iJm* worthy to be as one of the dearest of all men to me, an t ■ man (is son mb 'Abdullah from 'Abdul Um The postle u. dn. explains this f om Bukh. ii. if Fltima were MS L ! pn eved vet my eop c killed in the h trra. 'Hen ayd .A ,.„ (d. 68) wrote "" tagtlfiS r,nd1hei'" nd. = b nplor Thy gl- rly LH. 886. 12 andWSq. (W.) 3 8 ut (Anas d*l«tiXb met'"''"!! %6 ueh Pi <.,./;;'//,./. i the land for half the i expelled them. [Her is religion by it of Khaybar LH. 776 except that the Sabii'i; un ,a,Jah. J-J.rr.Ib toono-, I, poll t,rv. lie l,,J made peaoe „,,,, ,|„. people of al-B.br.jn .d .et or. added- 'Reio.ee and Impe lor »ha. trill ,;l,,JJon .... II, Allah ,1 ,- no povert) th.t I for on ;„„r mount. I for, th.l yon will become to God for it secretly or pnldicly. lint I te.s afraid of elisor strength. I teottlol that ho -oho has tho most altength lor I 1 Ibdnll.h, b. 'Abdu'l-Muttalib (whose nam. ,. II.V,„„ l »l,„^,u„, L . M ,-A,„r),b.-AI,.l., \l.,:vl:,.h~ Uiiyhlra), b. Uus.ny (whose name was Z.nv). b. KM,, 1, 'b, b. Lu'ayy, b. Ghalib, b. F.hr, b. Malik, b. al-Xadr, b huaayms, b. Modrika (whose name was 'Amul, h. ilyas ... 1). Tayrah, h. Ya'rub, b. Yashjub, " " shat they allege,* but God knows best (he as to whom prophecy and wm,n»>„lh apen were , Uayn.,,,1. V5„,J,,b.SM,h,b.Ad«n(io).- The Life of Muhammad Muhammad b. Muslim b. 'Ubaydulla slock"'^" " (he being his first born he was called Abu Quda'a), Qunus, and lyad. The king agrecd that t hi s was exactly wh Quda'a went to the Yam.n to Himy.r b. Saba' whose name was 'Abdu , he ^^^ of it , n > He answered : Shanvs ; the reason why he was calle^abaj was ttat^rotte "™.™S By the serpent of the lava , Qah,ln (,5). Of <3>™*J- %£%Jftf!S££ S,™ ofd'Slra' Mm tan Aby.VtTjut" Qunufb. M.'add (16). , ,. „ 'l^, T™„ P ,ta7Lt'or .TOntv «" Ya'qub b. 'Utba b. al-Mughira b. al-Akhnas told me that a shaykh of the rhyme] that more than sixty or seventy yea 'Adiy b. Naufal b. 'A! he being the best genealogist would do this Mram b. Dhu Yazan, whow tight by AfSVakr who"™ the pLJtgJa^C of the Arabs) and the information that thei, kingdom would ■ girded it on him. When he asked who al-Nu'man was, Jubayr replied that whom revelation cam, teo> high would I he was a survivor of the tribe of Qunus b. Ma'add. However, the rest of the a man of the sons of Gh.hb b. Fthr b. Ml Yes, by tl ning forth from Dim doubt (amd) lies (19). The Life of Muhammad 7 co"oa it with cloth Hi. rcign ».i, !- I « tlu. "1 K.tbl't. b. N„,r (23). . Wl 'Aim b. 'Amir (24). him/because he caught him among his palms cutting the dak: clusters; he struck him with his sickle am! hlU 1 < ' 1" irmt Ul.nfi* to fightm rahbis from IS. Qur.u,., -Our .. Yashjub b. Qah;an (22).) The Life of Muhammad Their number as t e drops of widely f ling rain, (God prolong his A chief who is on Would vie with hi ss his people). 2rt£5£S£5 wens living anuMU " t '™L7?bf,ifwi E onl. l m Therefore taSkn sThe^d 11161, Pr ° te edthemunttlhetren h» In rage against tw o Jewish tribes who veinYathrib Who richly desen e the punishment o a fateful day (25).' Now the Tubba' and h era. He set out fot M ecca Hudhayl b. Mudrika b. Ilyas asked why they too should not do likewise. They replied that 1 insuperable obstacle. Thcv arc i™ lean polytheists, said they to that effect. ng the soundness and truth of their words the king summoned ,,,,! an „ir their lun^-md feet, and continued to Mecca. He went round the Ka'ba, sacrificed, and shaved .. Khasafa b. Qays b. 'Aylan His face wil tz. SSteSsS' Tubba' cam again. t it, but covered its budding with embroidcre Godtamble dhi.x vereignty there so he fulfilled his vows, Walking bar N with two thousand camels in it* courtyard. Gave them «'■'!'« yedthe mny <>( the elephant, i1,a proposed that the matter should be subject to the ordeal by : by consuming the guilty am! kiting the innocent s>» «:athckss. ; So r ™ r k- went forth "Hi. (heir idols and sacred objects, and th- tuo r.il Another informant told me that the two panics onlv v fire to drive it back, for it was held that the one wim sucec. The Life of Muhammad : two rabbis told him about the apostle of God: Why, O sou!, is thy sleep disturbed like one ■ When lo from Qurayza came I I the judgement of the last day Someofourpeopi. """"'" The Life of Muhammad ihu'l-Qarnayr, before me was a Muslim e all of you him to murder his brother Hawaii so that he might lead them home again. He said that he ^^ famj]y tQ open shame of t 3 they all agreed tor : i :.u Ru aynthe Him ar was sla in its son te following verses: Destroying its worldly pro h who would buy sleeplessness for sleep! Even ^ eater M the los3 , hough , Bimyar hive been ^^j^' By acts of injustice and pr : ople utterly dis mplished his purpose. (T. Then should be kept at war. brother of Hassan. He was a little boy when Hassan wis murdered naught!' become a fine handsome young man of character and intelligence The Life oj Muhammad i am: S" ° ' The Life of Muhammad djoaephan, ragncd for some considerable time. Abdullah b. .l-Thlmir. The place where that religio, THE BE „„„,KC 0, C„„ST,„,„ ,„ -.JM. Mughira b. A Q Labia, a freedman of al-Akhnas, on the authority o e earned, fo, he was a builder b, trade using mud bricks desert place and pray there until the evening. While h following h.s s filled with light so tl threw it in, and it immediately sprang m>t muddied liy the fire. There- upon he took it and went and told his muster tint he knew the Greal V.MTuihutl t God'knowa best what Eighty, the Worthy to be Praised (30)/ through the shallows out into tl The Life of Muhammad Nt nkf i u, .„d not like the [,,!,, heBimyartdrecor spkndou,) retited S'li',*;;™ Baynun.Silhin.anuChum Thy cold This oncc-n^, ea The flames have . Dhfi NuMfishum The Life of Muhammad ibes were destroyed one morn by len (glittering) like the sit, before md they put to flight the warriors itbtrS," j2f£ he rear. Arylt raise he forehead splittins (split-face). 1 Aryat.nd.il 5S chief. (T. Then 'At'a had killed him d Aryat. Al-Ashra. e paid. He asked an The Life of Muhammad [nowledgcofthtNcgu.) 1 Chris officii a2 The Life of Muhammad would make one of the holy months profane, and make one of the profane months holy to balance the calendar. It was about this that God sent down ■ ' Postponement (of a sacred month) is but added infidelity by which those who disbelieve are misled. They make it (the month) profane one the months which God has made sacred (33)." by Islam. When the Arabs had finished pilgrimage, it used to be their Rajab, Dhu'l-Qa'da, Dhu I-Hijja, and al-Muharram. If he wanted to free I have made one of the Safars free for them, the first Safac, and I have Igrimage, and that iio h.iJ Juno this in angor at his threat to divert the rabs' pilgrimage to the cathedral, showing thereby that it was unworthy enraged and swore that he would go to this temple and nir of M . on n-od h mtog ..,„,; <ho oople to In pilgrim . ana the peopl. oft U' louh.T, kTK.vIaj^ hat dtfi; ,.,;: ?l „lc, H ll , u ,',„!* !r* :iii Abyssi <e ready, i'thSit was 1,1. ,*., nttn* hOT to fight a " ■""" »M Tummon d\l p ,pk ™Jy u :"'", ,A, b ■ i" '''■' dfcllowhi by boly it to ,\l> byN Nufayl fcyl Eh.t :r. r :r ss oght of Khath'am, S ahr in and Yihis, will obey you So Abrah continue with 1 nil Ta "b's. dl To"'-!'- ; r ,:;M M UUO My people aro ly;"ul, w.iulJ To Mansur son of Yaqdum (our) forefathers (37). They said to al-Lat— is not tl im: King, we are thy servants attentive and . no quarrel with yon and our temple -meaning R.ghal to guide t was a temple of theirs in al-Ti'if which they 1-Mughammis 1 Abu Righal died there and th ^Arrived here, Abraha sent an Abyssinian called al-Aswad b. bdul-Mufldib reoli. d:'G plTof Hi. fiier ,e it b, God » with him to Ab raha, tor he panbdbvoneo hi. om-A The Life of Muhammad 2; Abyssinia: vour forefathers which "i "have con to destroy ?"Abdu'l-Mu(- e me back my camels.') T. 'l-Muftalib went to Abraha al-Du'il b. Bakr b. 'Abd Manat t ■: liiat time chief n chief of Hudhayl. They give Abraha a third of the cattle f the lowland on condition destroy the temple, but he braha restored to 'Abdu'l-Muttal b the camels which he had bey left him, 'Abdu'l-M U t t aI* wen backtoQuraysh and having raft tomorrow overcome Thy craft ( 39 ).» :i God ]),n! bmi.ght dimii on slum Nu fay I s; me flee when God pursueth? Nufayl also said: [Your fuel- Ya'qub b. 'Utba told me that he was informed that that year was the first time that measles and smallpox: had been seen in Arabia; and, too, thai ■-. was the first t.me that bitter herbs like rue, colocynth, aud . hrhfias The Life of Muhammad rippled begging for food. i God turned back the Abyssinia™ from Mecca a ■ance upon them, the Arabs held the Quraysh in grea [ of their enemies.' On this theme they compos. 'Abdullah b. al-Zibra'ra b. 'Adiy b. Qays b. 'Adiy b The Life of Muhat, When the help of^^rffeThna i-SILk. Quickly they turned tail in flight, and no • "!»' alib b. Abu Talib b. 'Abdu 1-Muttalib sa d: Know you not what happened in th war of D5his s &rtfar^5rf* < ^lwSofc t E '"our lira (46). bu al-Salt b. Abu Rabl'a al-Thaqafl referr agio the dephar The Life of Muhammad dition (48). ing of the Abyss: drive imt tin- Ahyssiiiiuiin a mplained of the Abyss a no reason why 1 should do .0.' Then he made him a present b 1 1 ■ ,1ms ™d invested him in a fine robe. Sayf went, le silver and began to scatter it among the people; (T. Boys a thought it very extraordinary and sent for him and said, 'You m< of which founde ed, so that only six reached the shores brought all the p way of fighting. His son was killed and he wa f^ fi '' el ? w Sfcfog^The ^aid/Do you see a man on an elephant s fiily! A weak creature, and so is his shoot him. If yc u see that his followers have not moved i.' He then bent his bow (the story goes that it was so tough i he shot Masruq and split the ruby in his forehead and the The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad ic voice of the night owl there, This is what Ibn Hum.iyJ told mu from Salama on the authority of Ibn Ishaq.)* (When Wahriz had <;m,,' to C'hosniM ami mad;: Savf king of the Yaman, T. 5 tiers of a kingdom whose gins wer i lofty heights unscalable. rdmAShwomigrc §t ty Abyssini rLlmahu£»ifr h m v,«„ g ,l,u,h„„ tJ , dherulet under Cho »..«..»* .„,„,., „,„,„, ^MSSJT£^g- tazaass "■fi,™ h ,r;X« The Life of Muhammad , of Nizar help your brother. rflO is your ally will not be worsi ). Nizar begat two sons: Ilyas and 'Avian (60). Ilyas b (the one whu inrrM^-i. ;i nJ (0 'Ami he saul Ami :ip. Tabikhj' f t !"i C..A}. When their mother heard lilt news she tame hurriedly from her tent and As to Qam'a the genealogists of Mudir 15 l.i u 1 the sons of 'Ami b. Luhayy b. Qam'a b. Ilyas. iiirilu ^t.. ate Thou hast. Thou ownest him ri r^f •'* vledgc My The I eopleof o.h 1, d image, tow rich the, were devote God told An'utn of TayyT and the people of Jurash of I .Juta.h.'(6S>- The Life of Mukam .a the Arabs had adopted ")\iiv:li;hit, whi e t Ab d' h h m B" , K'' ie '"' < °' G °'' ) ' "r P o,; h iid Sh '' ybi °' >fS ° 1 '' !, °' Hies of the B. Haahin (-,]. .«,«•„« given a, a dowry the he-d f a little red cow iK^KtaK&'S*, ded her into goodly ortion ppers present. Ghabghab was the s ^redout (7.). r. i. 74: 'Amr b. Lu'ayy put d-'Uzrfi d their hajj and the circumambulatio ughter-place where t n Nakhla, and when D of the Ka'ba they c teb.00 M belonged to 1 Hal in Qudayd.] la (73).* [Azr.i.7; lyad in Sindad.' Of it A'sha of B. Qay And the temple Dhu'l-Ka'abat' of Sindad (77). The Life of Muhammad The Life of Mahammai . of him ( 79 ). a'd b. Qays b. 'Aylin b ,> (84). :r being LaylS d. Sa'd b. Hudh.yl b. Mudrik. (Ill I r i, of the firm three was Mlwiya d. Ka'b b. al-C mbyan b. Baghid b. Rayth b. GhatafSn) c; taught Mudar to fight. ■ taught Mu ' i in follow! And leaving our next-of-kin and family. •Twas the folly of the water-seeker who, his fill d sought no reward for it (90). erdant 1 plain of al-Batha' 1 Huhim b. Bat oJa revived his father' I-Haba'at and the day of al-Ya'mala* go e aty°fnd'theiimoc°e„t(9.).' They were a people of Bar/ obtained.' f a lively reputation among Gh.tafin aW is the name given to eight months o vedly regard as sacred. During those m Murra( 9 a): r,J Q: Think! If they are n Nakhl,* Ba.1 He mean, that the, „il be travelling during the holy period. The Life of Muhammad Dismounting to light the dismounted on foe AsThr.lea,p?ng'h.wk e o.rrie, the partridge . dolsoiQuraysh m where God gave him water when he figs: ittle i:hild. His o al-Safe praying to God and imploring al-Marwa and did the same. God sen ao^H loved out a pkc ries of wild beasts which terrified her on g towards him and found him scrambling h his cheek the while he drank, and sh Lilies of B. Dll b. Bakr b. 'Abdu Manlt b. Kinana (94). and f th o Se who ruled Mecca after Of Sa'd b. Sayat the poet says: zfinlj acC ording to what Ziyad b ..■■■,.■ , ,■ V ■■...: 1 in charge of MudSd b. 'Amr al-Jurhumi (98). The emal uncles of Jurhum-Jurhum and QatSra' who <;,,.: ,t Qu'a; ,,„>,,,; i ,1 .« fotm.d Sam.yda', and Qatarf humiliated. 1 - Then the people el ,„ple alleg The Life of Muhammad 47 too»tk«»th™«(99). " iuanellir.fi nr fiuhtinu. j fight a people, God m.llul.ylb.rtaba.hiy.b. dHulaylb.Hubshiyafoi lii>d:m<:blLrI.liibbi. Hi.layi bildran of Qusayy had ogether with a number of Quda'a among the Arab pilgrii support Qusayy. 'a allege that Ifulayl b. Hubshiya bad enjomed tins < The Life of Muhammad would say, 'N'«, Hv God, nut until mttd to leave quickly used to thrc Confound you, get up and throw.' m and then he would get up and tl from'Arafa, and this right w;. s iv.ai-iU.n^J hy (I eepless night turning i The Life of Muhammad them patiently since th,-, hud ^thdrJun.Qusi.M turned ins hostility and gathered his lOTcestO fight them. (T- His brother Rizah b. Rabt a with his ™ h ^°j ^^ . 'Amir b. Layth b. Bakr b tely called al-Shaddakh because he hat The Lift of Muhammad 53 Mho tempi I r 1 r t , tot th pilgrims ft mi r through his assistants. Qiinijsh cdled i: rought them together and they drew a h.. v ■ . ,.-.:.■ , A. Quraysh used to settle their alLurs ( The Life of Muhammad d passed by al-'Arj, a tribe encamped n'ning hard the livelong night from M : brought the colts near their mothers Rizah was my helper and through h e was weak) 'Ab- said:'ByGod,my lUntertteKa-K Tyou^enTfor and Quravsh shall not affairs, and he gave him the formal rights mentioned above. e Riftida was a tax which Quraysh used to pay from their property to w at everv festival. With it he used to provide food for the pilgrims isions. Qusayy had laid this as a duty upon Quravsli temple and sanctua His temple and hav 5 6 The Life of Muhammad Talib told me about this affair of Qi^vy's ; After the death of Qusa rought out a bowl full of scent (they -iumhly limis at purpose in the r >ii- 'Abdullah h J'.ul'fm b. '^SSi^Si & Th t^toTb eTgrtmen ahim, B. '1-Mutta ou hemselvea by wronged they woo the aggre .ajirb.Qunfu falha b. 'Abdulla of Ah ■ ■ (change for any nu nbc fine camels: f I were in Sb^AbdoHahb. JaS m b.al-Hadial-Laythitold b. Ibrahim b. aHi ril al Taymi told h m '.a: ■.;., 5 8 The Life of Muhai ri K lils, for ;is sovenmr lie had the power r<> d » replied. ''AbdVl-Mdik said, 'No, you tell m, f the matter.' He answered: 'No, by God, you a, e people of Hi, temple. At thi. fea.t there eome ilgrim, to Hi, temple. They are God's guests, e God's neighbour not lay thi, burden upon you.' Thereupon t s alleged that Hashim was the first to institute t s called Hashim because he broke up bread io ti ro,id«l* r «,a(bmt rw.y™hi,'°p'eop° n Life of Mb— </ "» ghtdff Faydon.eeo '.hen' pilgrim,. H high e,tee ES hi", ,"pl; ;:':: yyTal- Najjar Befor that sh |,., ; [ ;,,,„ named o 11 yhab al- ' l'' ! ■*"!,' ng her peopl o'vna™ U,.„h n, '.HI,™ a™ nat'I "left hhn° vba. !*«5 : ::Ji:B ™ Sjg» r>»..'. S.' that wntr.be wh.,»tre;lu ,er, P le, of great 'n"r e:l log. §rH Sir §§ family, i, bough hath elyg ££ l I'his is my nq-hev. ivhom 1 lia.c broi^h. from Yhrdi Subsequently al-Muttalib died in Radman in the Thirsty are the pilgrims now al-Muttalib i, II ntlicr m^bt?. They mourn Trujy «Jq-. t utfortimate (family)! (108) Vluttalib, 'Abdu'l-Muttalib b. Has The Life of Muhammad dullahb. Zurayr al-Ghafiq! t '"And what is 1 ] ■ I 'Allah akbart' Thus Qura 6 4 The Life of Muhammad 'Twill water the pilgrim company Their voic* Cod luura most gra^.ualj A pact most sure from days gone by Nought like it canst thou descry, It lies W the dung and the flesh bio dy (109).' was, he was told that it was by the ants; nest wher Isif and Na'ila at which Quraysh used to slaughtc 1-MuRdib then tol God knowing that he had been righ.ly ^formed. As digging went furthe co:.rJinaly he made two yellow lor Qra b. Ka'b b. Luayy, and Khumm by B. Kilib b. Murra, and ,0 wa, ■!-« There i. an old poem of Wudhayfa b. Ghanim, brother of B. 'Adi, b. I b.La,'.yy(„l), which rnn.: Zamiam utterly eclipsed the other welU from which the pilgrims 1 to get their water, and people went to it because it wa, in the .acred er The Life of Muhammad We will pluck out the eyes of those who look enviously at us. tfudhayfa b. Ghanim [mentioned above] said: ah^ndred dirhams and a slaughter camel the lots; then they brought near the mai so ; so show the right course concerniog MLlkh/.UTH t). QllUV-ShLURl « TheliMMtemmi The Lif, of M„h m „.d mdjo" elie»t e^tpe J » Meec,, and when .h.y to ■ • "—• *■ " " b »«'« **• d ' ™* « £ ^ST^^CStti'^kllriS'SKSKS ' h " S ZdtL™«1.ZheVb^tLf,h,di,,,tewa, P „ n him. 1 Sujlib «ood b,' HubTp!." i" 8 to AlUb, The. ft^« k^ri the *^^5S££1 k^ HettoZ," invi im oping a . „*V^ • i« th> , n ' &"••*' went t0 Amina and she conceived the apostle ot Uod. bo the ap Muttalib.' 'No, by God,' he answered (so they say), 'not until h^dmyom-s b brought him ,•, he rephed JKL-iS hemmtitil' Mw™ amons he Qa„,.h to > *Aqil b. Abu Talib who Nasira b. Qusayy b. 'Ikrima b. Kha Mallan b. Nasira b. Qus ,me she told him what she had seen when she cone, l-Muttalib took him (T. before Hubal) in the (T. n other S forhim(..5). ,bu Dhu'ayb of B. Sa'd h .. Jahir b, Ri/5m b. al-Shayma' used to carry htm in her arms t of al-IIiirith b. Hatib al-Jumahl on the said to my husband: "By God, I do not' like tl "Do as you please; perhaps Cod n ill bleM ua "Certainly it is," I said. They replie< ind anyone else. I to The Life of Muhammad have seized that QurayshT broth ened up his belly, and arc stirring ! He said, "Two me ■wn and opened up my belly an. iH his family before the result appe to his mother who asked why we IS of (J. m, btothet) Jesus. then a thousand, and I outweighed them. He said, "Leave him alone, f by God, if you weighed him against all his people he would outwei] . given me byal-'. The Life of Muhammad ; -'(, I,8 > Wrful, fcir-inspirinj;, m^ivc, 'raised and obeyed by bis jxiopk-. He would make his last night a Through his surpassing glory an d long desc lighter Barra said: Be generous, eyes, with you Of K l.,ri.'.u S race, successful in bility. ^ a >k 1 .ll 1 elaiut.ibU-,.hrnob T!k- .-lnd.ms, Lhc nnsjbty. tin ' , " , ;™ : ' 1 ' Full of C ^en"r<>silv' hvUh in^ A li R ht shinin.c lik, i lit moon 'bin, nil ^ Change"™ fart^^id &te verWok°hirr ughter'Atikasaid: The Life of Muhammad lepherd of his people, N..I.L m miml, lofty in aim The bountiful Shayba full c Tiu I. iff if Muhammad The Life of Muhammad vherever praise was due. Most famous in nobility and reputation, ous modest father, Illumined the darkest night, like the moon at I 11 Manaf the glorious, defi The Life of Muhammad e Life of Muhammad Drawing our water from K Thty forgot v.roiu;s .li.ntiL, T[l,v collated all the alltec tering of the pilgrims, although ti he and 'Abdullah the apostle's father »tr, brothers by the sarr, e after the death of to Mecca the Quraysh used to bring their be b brought htm alor others while he was still a boy. The seer loo Wlu-n AI.Q Tal,l> fi; iu his eagerness he hid im and the seer beg changing thy direction, duMa.af aa,«i,o» from injury and unworthy are as their wealthy. n earavana of Quraysh g The Life of Muhammad The u ! e °f Muhammad , ' , ' L Tmong the people. Then they cams: and stuped in ihc home quickly.' ■ „i , ,i tree near the monk HMnnk,,! at the ,-loud w-hen it over- So his uncle took him off quickly and brought him back to Mecc .1 ,';.,,- ' •''.. tree and its branches were bending and drooping over the he had finished his trading in Syria. People . " you. O men of Quraysh, s Tlieytc o tell how God protected him in his childhood during the ,f Quraysh said, 'By al-i.at and J-Tai, we arc to blame for period of heathenism, saying, 'I found myself among the boys of Quraysh .you by a , answer my question.' Now Bahlra said this mil, been.,, his peoph' swi'iirlng b\ these gods. They al!i-a-:: t.".a'. t. It.' looked at his back an,, -a. tl,. ,c„: n! nrophcthood bctw. 4mth^e I> p]a ( :ed l -* l TiK-dinhi s b.»..ku2. l ).T Wlunh he chief of Qur 7 went to Kioto (125).' [OUSWAR(l2 4 ) GOD MARRIES KHADIJA (.26) e prophet sold the goods he had brought and Ix-u.irht « height of noon when the heat was intense ^ a and "of the monk's words. Now Khadija was a deten tfamza b. -Abdu'NMottalib went uuh him :<. Kh-iuayUd b. Asad and asked for her hand vj). al-Q^im (whereby he was known as Abu'I-Qiiim); al-Tahir, al-Tayyib, 1 Zwn.il.. R ui |aiy... I'm,,, Kulthum, and Fatima (128). Would ilia: I might be there the For I should be the first of his s Joining in that which Quraysh h Is it folly not to disbelief B. Mulayh b. 'Arar of Khuza'a (130). Quraysh cut his hand off; they that the people who stole the treasure deposited it with Duwayk. i (T. Among those suspected were al-Hlrith h. 'Amir h. Naufal, and and Abu Lahab b. 'Abdu'l-Mu;talib. Quraysh alleged that it was _ n Quraysh suspected them thi i was cut off. It was said that 1 ,t when Quraysh fi-lt u:r> ;! i:; he^ctUof the Ka'ba. They allege that h carpenter, so everything they needed was ready to hand. Now a noise and opened t r rifled of it. While 1 Life of Muhammad is man (meaning Abu Wahb), who b The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad : Kins. 'M, ; ,a is God's holy house, its sustenan , pie not be the first to profan collecting them and building by itself until the building was finish. the black stone, where controversy arose, each tribe wanting to lift for battle. The B. 'Abdu'1-Dar brought a bowl full of blood ; th blood-lickers. Such was the state of affairs for four or five nights, a A traditionist alleged that Abu Umayya b. al-Mughira b, 'Abd 'Umar b. Makhzum who was at that time the oldest man of Quraysl them to make the first man to enter the gate of the mosque umpii God Whenth^ a I him of the matter he said, 'Give me a cloak,' and when it was br< him he took the black stone and put it inside it and said that ea >ught from God (133). ore or after the year of the elephant that which made the Quraysh dread rebuildin ' They then proceede hVmL\hU(i34)- The Life of Muhammad ,ese clothes 'the cast-off'. They ii be not prodigal, for He loves not the prodigal. Say, Who has forb jden the , F H ir l, 'Abdullah b. Aba Bakr b. Muhammad b. 'Amr b. Hazm from b. Sa'sa'a. Azd ShnmVa, Judham, Zubajd, B. DhaU.m of B. Sallm, 'Amr al-L.t, Thaqlf, Ghatafan, Ghauth, 'Adwan, 'Allaf, and Qiida'a. When (Jnniysh let an Arab marry one of their women they his Sim M.iid to ilit d.niiili^r of'l'ayiu Rahi'a h. 'Amir b. Sa'sa'a stipulat- My people watered the sons of Majd and I b. 'All b. Ya'sur b. Sa'd b. Qays b. 'Aylan and she bore to him Hawazin. The Life of Muhat. s God intends tow: the prophet's mission came the earns were prevented from listening and rf £ JJJ^ mentioned tnat the apostle of God said to themj . what were they could not occupy the seats in which they used to s,t and steal the myj ^ ^^ ^ s ,, oor i ng s ,arr' Thev replied, 'We were saying, a heavenly tidings for they were pelted with stars and the jtnn knew that king {& ^ a kfng has bfien appoint( ^ „ child is born? a chi!d has died] . gSSa fa mta$M ^s^SmSiSSwSt Ste^rss He repiied ' ,jt is not so ' but when God has decreed 3 ° mething ^^^ ■ what they knew and did not dem I I ten repealed hatTpraisTd'' ' ■I^to^^wit to me that a number of the jinn listened ;md «ul "W. !mve heard a wonder- heaven where they praise. Then they ask each other why, and are told ful Quran whtch guides to the right path, and we believe in it and we will ^ h h becaus / tnose above them have done so and they 3aV] -why e (exalted be the glory of ^^ yQu agk those abovfi you ^ „,„,,,„_ ^ M ; t goes on unti | lish one among us used to ^ reach ^ ^^ rf ^ throne whQ gay tha( Gq( j hafl decreed SQ . heaven to the lowest heaven where they discuss it, and the satans steal it by listening, mingling it with conjecture and false intelligence. Then they increased them in cvott.-cmiin; vi;hlhewor 1b: "We sed to sit on plac not know whether ncmhorwhetl the nght p hen the jinn hea the Quran they k ew that they JwhTthTproo eame S and W ao uMwiTm ved ; To The r ybeUevtd a ^ acknowledged the them, saying, o and they increases they were journey "■iTat^fug e'inttlord nTthLV night from the ev that is theret ' (135)- wme-rimes n K l,t a by thi ying has been cut off 'Amr b. Abu Ja'far from Muhamrr The Life of Muhammad 93 hud ;ouk pi.u.; in ,1 srkn. they knelt thai this was the meaning of the Clinging to their camels' saddle cloths in profusion?' (137). ■ t*a message (136). , r ^ .j waj . standjn b : ; aleo f idol with a number of theQ.iravsh in tlv.'tin.L:,,!- ignorance when aa Arab waTbl^ed abroad among the Arabs, they said to him, 'Look into the sacrificed a calf. We were standing by expecting to get a part of it, when I ehe f Ke ra'dma tothSn 'whmthe sua ra and stood lean- belly of the calf (this was a month or so before Islam), saying: lb day from his house. (Att i to .In- pohtheists who thought kadtoaptawh,, rby.hewouldwisl 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatada on the authority of a shaykh of the B. Quta Isad b. 'Ubayd of B. Hadl, brothers of B. Qurayaa, became Muslir /hen the apostle of God was yaban testified to you.' T The Li), of l td been accurately d told about the Jewi. '° from a village called Jayy. My . a love for mo went to such k.tgi I "M\ sou, there is no good in .v of ojily one man, in Naslbln, Qavhi! Tlurv arc ^tiu-rhn; a, this moi-iail In Qubi' round aimt l«i them from .\k-oa Unia* n^^rri:^ iIkil hu .- a pm r l The Life of Mukamm. iter I was at every other battle. ■IbfromamanofAbdu'l-Qay when a prophet will be sent met Jesus the son of Mary.' One day when the Quraysh h . The] The Life of Muhammad held annually, four men drew apart secretly and (iiVUbaydullal, Almuhb. (,:,/• usayyiami fn) i. Qurt b. Rnalr I ::::.- ■.. .. ■ :,:.; ■■■'■■ , ; \-.-,, .■ - .. . saw Zayd as a very^ld manVamn e Ka'ba and saying, '0 Quraysh, By Hi TkeLifeofM uhammad "oiXifTk trmThtaS 3 Xz° " t„ told t :>. al-Khattab, not worship l-'Uzzaim h in daylight the night m e deeds were read out this (earth) without a support, Say to him, 'Did you s. Say to him, 'Who planted seeds in the dust That herbage might grow and wax great? And brought forth its seeds in the head of the plar Now Zayd had determined to leave Mecca to travel about in search o d got ready to travel she told al-Khat(ab b. Nufayl, who was his unci, d his brother by the same mother. 1 He used to reproach him fo: The Life of Muhammad e without (the aid of) frier I was told by one of the family of Zayd b nighty rocks is subject. Upon the waters, He They obediently pour copious rain Now al-Khattab had so harassed Zayd that from what John the Apostle set down for then 1 lor ,!,<■„, from ,h, Tctamem or J«us Son byhmw„u say, 'Peace unto th e, apostle of Ulah.' And the apostl naught but t it pleased A f.t'rmh ot al-Z ajdRTmayr b. Qatada the Laythite 'OTbayd prophethood wf e when Gabriel cam dullah and those wit the custom f Quraysh in heathe days. r^OHfH A is religious devotion The Life of Muhammad ad?" He pressed mo with it 5" tiphtly that 1 i he let me go and said, "Read!" Isaid, "Wh d"Read!" I said, "What shall I read? 1 ' He pr time so that I thought ttWM death and said " . ead! Thy Lord is the most beneficent, aught that which they knew not unto men.'" L words weTw^t.enon my heart. <T. No* "non'of pz o so and then) when I was midway on the mo ntain, I se rl,;i follow the Torah and he Gospel. A ridwh e apostle of God told 1 olv! My! Verily by Him (T. meaning Gabriel) Bw'htaTbe^ s? 'S\ HS=? «mr« s^ (T. Wara, B; toflS dman'S'th eeandligbtene apostle of Go ■ "i«y-) He replied '™::,: i ., ' : B, V,4L M-i'lill '•J by v'.!,','i' l ,,.. Thenttra™ d and !!'!',„■,'', z";™ lineal edVmt 'Ln'anJ "■rher?ap h " bel.he ",.j"",' s ;E? einkesen be ot good And be replied ebt'ni aril" Fiitima, da uehter ■» .Hasan '".'Set IS S Kba.lij d, 'Th aneel an J not a sa tan."' hat he brought from God, God lightened the burden Ukj^'JbrfSl h b. Ja'fa „"is Then revelations a in which his Lord, w II i':i 4 ». yesterday."" (T. him that Vahya b. , 4 The Life of Muham Ihuwaylid who also follows him in his relig Hajjgj tol Uthman b. 'Amir b. 'Amr b. Ka'b b. h openly and called others to God and efore he applied 1 it until God put ] Zayd b. Waritha became a Muslim and the two of them tarried . month. (Then) 'All kep. „„,m r; ... th, apo-tle. It was aspecial h The Life of Mukammat Jarrah b. Ililal b. Uhayb b. Dab : ■VvAv:. Klmhlxlb b. al-Aratl ally of the B. /.i.hra {154}. 'Tin a d. al-Mujal'lil b. 'Abdullah b. Abu Qays b. 'Al had.Yasar. MaW b. al-HSrith above. Al-Sa'i above. Al-Muttalib b. Azhar b. 'Abdu'Auf b . K Lu'ayy (157) ■ 'Amir b. Fuhayra freed man Nashib b. Ghiyara b. Sa'd b. Layth b The Life of Muhammad in legs, said: 'O prophet of God, I will be your helper in tl 't; V. ,0 J.M (» il-'.V. b. Will (. ',:::: s": P ! > ■ [1 soil a (»,;:„,!, ■„,[,'. n" e .lw.ys u o"p» dgh nq.l ft, po.itio t off. Abu Talib was deeply distr. that "after bearing these .rords from the Quraysh Abu Talib s sstle openly displayed h The Life of Muhammad . 'Adiy si them.' Abu Talib replied, 'They h :he desert ridges, you would call it .« ted for help, «y 'Itfa notour busies If one day Quravsh gather Qaraysh summoned everyone against u ;y were entirely without judgement (167}. 1 replied, 'By God, h hes are fruitful (168) The Life of Muhammad I split tin- Quran into parts, by thy gainst them with my pliant spear, g horses pass by quickly The Li/, o) MAmmmd ir breaking the acacias and shrubs of al-Sifah,' . too, were we treated by Subay' and N.of. It and c rod swears by God he won't deceive os, Opponents whose strength n The Life of Muhammad e fcmily ol Nufcyl is the worst that ev II Qusayy thai our cause will be blazed d give Qussyy the K ood news that aft, t if calamity befell Qusayy one night, The Life of Muhammad .kidded and defended him myself b, every r ,..ns (, 7 2).' ,f h,, M« 1 m1,V'Ad™VN™»Uh U 'Abd WQSnfyanisI Umayya b. ,l-Mn B hira b. 'Abdullah b. 'Un nd his^Stbor in « I. 'Ubaydull.h the brother of T.lha b. ' J M°d*b*Ta aq.fi ally of li.Zrf taadis l.'M.Ju Yach.-.th b. Wahh b 'Ab ; Snbay' U I. Klt.i , aylid b. Asad b. Ahdu'1-T^a b. Qus.rvv. f the '.atans' of Qor.y.h. He it teas who to, h "ihrl Nauf The Life of Muhammad Quickly they turned tail in flig] their unbelief. Yahvab. 'Urwab.al-Zubayr on the authority of his father from 'Abcui- lah b. 'Amr b. al-'As told nit that the latter was asked what was the worst ■ yhade Lord?' Then they left h along by his beard' (177). his nephew, M Hakam b. Hi.h.m had doneju.t reeentlyto he h.d found him sitting quietly tee, and nd treated him badly, and that Muhammad mza was filled with rage, fot God purposed prephet ended . ,L''pn"'.' ,»"'"m.i'| r™hto,™ sh Abu Jahl w ta \°^^r^tS!t2"toS h.deompl.telya 9S Est Sa>i ™ii"'"- ! 1 "ok"""™ £uTr2'e tnelv air for, by Go he ..id, 'Let Ibu •Umara alone for, by God, I m.ulted othim"^™' "he ien StiwAr Quraysh, though Quraysh wer listened patiently, and then said : 'Now listen to me, «b fewot oKJod, !,tc ^"'^."ci^ wan for a I id n ! is an announcement and warning, though t, he could only patiently au-ai an object. He had conveyed to them God's message, and they co i accept it with advantage, or reject it and await God's judgeme Ask God to send an angel with him to confirm what he said and silver to satisfy his obvious wants. He stood in the streets as the; he sought a livelihood as they did. If he could do this, they would He replied that he would not do it, and would not ask for such t he was not sent to do so, and he repeated what he had said befc ,'du Maniif do what they like after that.' They said that they would When morning came Abu Jahl took a stone and sat in wait for the apostle, Syria in r. (jura The Life of Muhammad Mu'ayttothejetvisl he gives you the right a s. If he can give you t! .turned t'o Quray.h at prophethood and .prolate and e^theTo h r«v. 'Verily thou art an apo.tle from judgement in the 'rre< that!., judgement Lirdly your leaving tt daughters, ".'heys ■oy thyself," OMuhs TheLifeofMukan e by Your command, so Mow for you in your plight. You might see the away from their Cave towards tkr rit-ht, ,md when The Life of Muhammad mthority of Ibn 'Abbas din., th* Jewish rabbis said, 'V knowledge about it," did you i The Life of Muhammad 'Ami ,1,,, sai J, "We will not hdic.e iti 'hce until fountains burst forth for i us fnim the earth, or you have a garden of dates and grapes and make the The Life of Muhamm. j Julil. when lit was niockinn t! hily for fear of Quraysh ; I HSE „« hear, by, 1-ouchrtliatll TJnl %^Su ™rtekw. „,„ldm.,h. ■,l,„„,. loudly in thy p peak loudly in thy pra ken people. it Quraysh had never heard the Quran distinctly n The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad .hfi Suiyfrn I*. ].larb and Abu Jahl b i thy assertion that thy L Muhammad. He replied, 'Ii, God, I h what ym me,nt by them, and 1 he. o AbQ Jahl's house, an eel precisely EEiHiS L h d e *when',Wlw'e™t. pmphetto beingproteeted b, C tooneofB.Jumah.b The Life of Muhammad (she lost her sight whet, i. , . «a he hea 'manAbuJahlw;.. d fay them they would say to him, "1 r b. 'Ukasha b. 'Abdullah b. Abu A iv.ui idKt. hiliii aiui Libyan; ,nv. K^um !:i.-r II. .i- toher. Ihey Hisham and 'Ayyash b. Abu RabT'a. They were afraid of his violent Oughtn't we to finish the grinding and then take it back to her?' temper and so they said, 'We wish to admonish these men because of this II I I no her to make her give tono^ kiUriTm.' The'rf he beganm recked *"** bUt ^'^ ^ ^ lr byGod, nily told me: Abu Quhafa said to his son Abu noblest of you to the last man.' They said, 'God d 1 1 II lefetld if this man were killed while in Bakr, 'My son, 1 s;t thai v-m arc frcdn<: weak slave. If you want to do what he has said who will want to bring trouble on himself, for, by C what you arc dnir.fi, why don't you fr.v powerful men who coul" " ' ibG Talib went, and ed in Abyssinia; some ally of the family of *Utb .. Qusayy: Tulayb b daughter, Zaynab, in Abvssinisi. i (lis nan name was Hind.) Shammas b. 'Uthman 1 b. Sufyan b. 'Abdu'1-Asad ... and his 'Ayhama. Eight persons {195). TkeLifeofMukan words of the prophet n ally of the family of a!-Khattab from Abyssinia by 'Abdullah b. al-rjarithb. Qaysb. 'Adiy b Negus; could serve God without fear; and the Ne t My heart refuses to fight them Jinn worshippers exiled them fro By the gnu A wheip, and that mothered by a Those Quraysh who deny God's poem 'Abdullah was called al-Mubriq, The Life of M.ha.mai "» L "' °> M,h<mmad kindly and protect the wayJ.'f.rand-Amrf.r ('ITie tm^m«™H the nearest in blood). dndly, f§§™§ ■ uilLih and 'Amr who have sought my protection, ather than others shall be betraye rnthemtotheirown people. p't^hemiTsetdtnlmS;! s they say, I will .,,,. other. Ja'f.r b. AbO Mib answered, 'OK,: uncivilized people, worshipping idols, eating corp.es, committing >ciating aught with Hin God. When Ja'far said tl m(S0r, n. The. two may go, foe by God, w.Il neve give the nop to the When the two had gone 'Amrsaid 'Tomor wlwillte they assert that Jesus, son of Mary, i were asked. They , Meanwhile we prayed to Gc g for what might happen, up ca e so happy before. The NegL God, Jesus, son of The Life of Muhammad fortified by him and £ui le n he fought the Qura; er seen before. Then The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad , 'My brother, y. until al-Khattab's .Im.kej- docs." This he. said in despair of him of his harshness and severity against Islam.' u'aym b. 'Abdullah al-Nahham, a man of his tribe from B. 'Adiy , had become a Muslim and he also concealed the fact out of fear eople. Khabbab b. al-Aratt used often to come to Fatima to read d that he was in a house at al-Safa v going. 'I am making for Muhammad, the apostate, who has split up the round the girdle or by the middle of his cloak, and dragged him along Quraysh, made mockery of their traditions, insulted their faith and their , violently, saying, 'What has brought you, son of Khattab, for by God, I do > gods, to kill him.' 'You deceive yourself, 'Umar,' he answered, 'do you not think you will cease (your persecution) until God brings calamity suppose that B. 'Abdu Manaf will iHow you to continue walking upon the upon you.' 'Umar replied, 'O Apostle of God, I have come to you to your own family and set their affairs in order?' 'What is the matter with my apostle gave thanks to God so loudly that the whole household knew that rought,' for 'Umar could v at, she had hopes that he v> ■58 TkLifiofi hthammad ttr.^he'rcom i Syria. Hi. ,t.ne m I thought it wooi?b"°a the prophet was . , J t *°°";™™"™ vSB Ml,. 11... ££-J£3L£ ltd the Quran my ,,,-„,'„, , pl... uul then by the house b.AbSSufyan. I till iSSMS :;.;::;;::,' on think th«B 'Ad! wi h,Lif,ofM« '"' ion to outhu.'Let ";'."■,''!','" .' By God, it™ as though the, ..ke.lh ™h„,Kan™w ., the people on fighting b -Rahman Tai- ,«ith7tom°'on isai-'A. Wreian't'onenf 7£ nl h n„'™,het ."tullu'n,. "b'elStLl™, 8 I might °y™i„d' ; Now 'n'.'r \!"l ' w.Th, nom.7 HishtoV ,.,.d and regatded as ttue that he had b nught. dc siammed the door The Life of Muhammad 161 ealed concerning him the words, 'Abu Lahab and his hands belongs to his sunt and she has sent to him about it. Are you trying to Lraysh had agreed on this and had done what has just been Jahl refused until tbc> came 10 blows, and Abu'l-Bakhtari took a camel's LbuTaUbsaid: jaw and knock,-,' ■ ■■ yU'ayyoftheBanuKa'b, L J™!^ ,,,„;. ■ ■ o^r rtl .K™,*™ News of our condi Did you not know Are cut by the gleaming blades of Qusa a rope of p lm-fibre cast. »3)' and about -hen she heard what the Quran, came to e by the Ka'ba with r unable to nd by God if I had foun him I would have Al-Nadr b. al-llrmlh b. 'Alianu h. Kiikthi b. 'Abdu Manaf when liic apostk sut in an assembly ;nnl invited pi'oph.' to Cod, and recitec The Life of Muhammad l /.,v, and those rabbis and monks who have lived in obedience to G whom the erring pu> r le worship a; lords beside God. And He revca i example HKlR-i-hilUrL-n ■arth. Verily, there is knowledge of the [last] hour, but follow Me. This is an upright path,' i.e. the I in raising the dead and healing the sick, therein is mowledge of the hour. He says : 'Doubt not about li al-Thaqafi, ally of B. Zuhra, was 'They said, if this Qura .66 The Life, fMuha, mad Wi ..ion) to hi. people, put upon hi a her splendid fashion. He alleged in what he read that they are the exalted ien Gabriel came to the apostle eve y prophet and Go blished His vers wh tsJSSS The Life of Muhammad .6 7 amefromGod, Quraysh.a d d S 'wift™°hf.fcred P it and brought some- of every polytheist and had left Abyssinia when ^°„"t„Tlth".w„ w™r t t. d pf.nr.of" owcrionorTeeretly 6 strike terror into them, ..id: '0 Quray.h, d o you '»"»»«* tree of '! ".ot'he'taid " ltT,°Y.trrrib da* es'buttere'd'. By Ma h! r if™e said (ao8). God revealed concerning it, 'An naught deJre™.™ rThim to'T.f.mwhTl" mm Maktum, a bli greatly passed by and began to ask the apu.tle « r. because he"™ dlS ;::;t: ™l b .rcoLe?rdn"Tm ^llekLlli'm SiBfrl il»= .„d,,„„fi„r,',.e. Isentvouonlytcbe.nc angelistandareprov r;Idid The Life of Muhammad 1, F M," i. 'Abdu Sharr •As b. Umay '" u Manaf b. Qusay d.m^tu b.'Utbab.Rabi'a Suh.yl b B. Nair'fal b. 'Abdu if: 'Utba b. Ghaz from Qa 3 b. 'Aylan. rlil' -*TTz lb. Qu? aI.Z b. Khuw ,1Mb. A.ad. b. Qua yy . Mn ab k ., ,1, b-l !™ 1. Abd b. Qu. s Tulayb b. 'Umayr b. W : 'Abdu'l-Rahman b. b. 'Abd >. al-Harith b Zul.rj; From i. Makbziim b l ■ Abfl Sa Harmiy ■ 'Amir; and nab Hisham ■ al " Mu dio cami- to Mi'ti'j fmm Abvifsiuiii i to us of those who entered under M..-/UT. protected bv al-Waiid b. a assembly of the Qura „hwh »™"" ,pre,e„,hc verythingbutGodisv fc, Lnd everything lovely m attha vtably ceaK, 'You lie! The joy of W^b irf £££ i"h|fr»J wife Umm Kulthui its fell..™- for God's sake, and I ai only said, 'Come, nephew, my pre in with hum until he ains his object.' '1 lev said that the bQ Tiilib hoped tl b to help them both: InytthlmOmdho AM'Utayba .," my advices) Fo e rwh'°chT„u';srb *i" ta m „ nteet together. He continued : Abu B.kr had a mosott. by the door of hi. hou.e among he B. Jom.h where he used to pray. He was a tender-hearted mm and Ibn al-Dnghunn. got up and told the Quraysh longer under his protection and that rites' could tin r •Abdu'l-Rahmau b. al-Ql.im told me from The Life of Muhammad The Li fe of Muhammad 'Atika d. 'Abdu'l-Mutfalib . By God The Life of Muhammad Sitting by tl (.Win mai The Life of Muhamm Thy slaves so long as men cry labbayka a The Life of Muhammad said, 'O God give him a sign.' Humama. As he lit the fire he said: So I went back to my people and when I came to the pass which would Not of your servants am I, Dhu'l-Kaffayn, bring me down to the settlement a light like a lamp played between my Our birth is far more ancient than thine. When I got down my father came to me (he was a very old man) and ™en he wort mti ^ companioning ' !"Butwhy,r ' I by 'Abdu'l-Malik b. 'Abdullah b. Abu Sufyan al-Thaqafl Irish (209) brought some camels of mbly of Quraysh when the apostle ■o when Aba j.hl himself am. op and led, man ? We've never seen anything like 77,, Lij, „j M„W„« n.Mi.^h, ,m,l ,nr day ViL met the ap stle in one of he passe M ' ' :;;::;:;:: why won't HnSl 'm..': '". ipoUfcgMilf m grip of r m he threw , :■.. ," , ,«rV dMitagaTn' i !','.■' i aoriinarj," ' ',"1 .„, „ r.'.llj The Life of Muhammad We tempt some by oth And when those Lord hath prescrit at the booth of a young Christian called Jab and they used to say 'The one who teache brings is Jabr the Christian, slave of the B. a! in reference to their words 'We well know a clear Arabic tongue (218).' Jafar b. 'Amr (220) told me on the authority of -Abdullah b. Muslirr the brother of Muhammad l>. Muslim b. SliihSb al-/,uhri from Anas b The Life of Muhammad ■ people to L ning these words of tl mid have obscured for them what they The Life of Muhammad ; witnessed His mighty sovereignly and power by ia! im: with his foot. J sat up and he took hole! y .«] tree in the Quran. We p tnous error." Such is al-rjasan family told me that 'A'isha th e prophet's wif b. .MUnghir. b. al-Akhna, to b.AbuSnMnwh. V nieht innrne 1 111 ,,h for a test to '0 my son, verily I m God comes is ™fe.' Only G d knows how revelation eamr and he saww Mas'ud al-Thaqafi (aai).' d the final night praj ! Jerusa .edjing. Myo e Gate of i He." When Gabriel brought me in, Isn was told that I was Muhammad he ask A traditionist who had got it from >elly as though it were a fold "Will you not order him to show me hell?" And he said, "Certainly! O Malik, show Muhammad Hell." Thereupon he removed its covering and the flames blazed high into the air until I thought that they would consume everything. So I asked Gabriel to order him to send them back e he would speak well il of Mary, and John, son o 'Imran. Then to the seventh heaven and there was a man sitting e . v.as'aMYalld b. al-Mughita ... Of the B. Sal -'A, b. W.'il b. HLhlrn (JM). Of the B. Khua When' they persisted in evil and constantly moel lother god beside God. In the end thee will enow The steme Ya.Id told me from 'Urwa (or it ma, 1 titer tr.dnionist) that Gabriel e.me to the apostle wl and , he told m "Zayd b. Haritha". rhe apostle gave Z.yd the good "ed me'the'fo of 'Abdullah b. Mas' '£££££5*1 |li d friend!' until they r duty of fifty prayers .ed"b, W M oSatlTvehat'. Sue I told him fifty he sa on, n.,,.le are aridyomrammumty "tm^sbSSSZ n I passed by loses and he said the same agatn; and so it went on Lterest;see that you g l to a daughter of his a The Life of Muhammad t they had brought about his ei Vlughira b. 'Abdullah b those we fight do not usoneri. « iulc he was full and out of breath, e fell full length in Mecca's vale, 'was as though a camel fell. am b. al-Walld attacked Abu Uzayhir while he was in the iu'1-Majaz. Now his daughter 'Atika was thv. uii'o t>f Aliii rb. Abu Uzayhir was a chief among his people and Hisham :ordance with his father's dying injunction. This happened then Quraysh had been slain. Yazid b. Abu Sufyan went out was afraid that there might be serious trouble among Quraysh 'b of Abu Uzayhir. So he went straight to his son, who was armed amc (re.ll,) believer,', to the ,,,,., enhance krAbO Utmyhirutu .ar cut between mm; however, Dirlr k rJ-Khallal. k ,e dwelling of a woman died Urnm Ghaylln, a freedw, I fight but my.elf («.,)? There is no God but Allah and you must repudiate what you worship renowned Quran, Nay, thos, hTng. Their chiefs went off and Habib, sons of 'Amr b. 'Umayr b. *Auf b. 'Uqda b. Ghiyara b. Aut o. Thaqif. One of them had a Quraysh wife of the B Jumah. The apostle sat with them and invited them to accept Islam and asked them to help told that the apostle had met the woman fn the light of Thy countenance by which the darkness is illumined, an. c things of this world and the next are rightly ordered, kit I lv. ansji- scend upon me or Thy wrath light upon me. It is for Thee to be satisfiei ion?'' He replies The Life of Muhammad : an ally could not . '1'hc Utter said, 'Yes, let him ente e.' But they would not give heed. . of the B. Sulaym— one of the B. Zi'b b, The Life of Muhammac Thereupo'n Ab.Vl i : i dirt from the valley WhtnC.u! wished to dispby His the Helpers at one of the fairs;'; i 9 8 The Life of Mil) ,an,mad Je.su.edtouyt, >th m, 'A prophet will >n. Hls rtd kill you by hi. „i, ttd Iran ifw before ml' There o^eVp^tor", nuieouruthey. J >erl aps God will unite :hem thro ' !u ■ . Sole in't.XnVm" ■ 1 be mightier than y ou. r -ri.u .bfl Umima ; and 'Auf b. al-rjaritl l-*Ajlan b. 'Amr b. 'Amir b. Zurayq (230). M ydb".'A, 'Aiulu'i-Ashh alb.Jushamb.al-Hirithb. al Khami Aus (234). Kd b 'a^ 1 ■ b. 'Auf b. Malik b. al-Aus b. 'Abd, , b. 'Usaylaal-Sannaji from ivas present at the first 'Aqaba. There wer e twelve c rfaram b. Ka'b b. Ghanm b. Ka'b b. Salama: 'Uqba b. 'Amir ted any of those sins it was for God to punisl from 'A'idhullah b. 'Abdullah al-Khauhmi Ahfi vayd.llah The Life of Muhammad Tlle Li J e °f Mahammad rund of al-N.blt' in the quarter of the B Bayida Haritha. He rook the lance from his hand, saying, B oat. 1 asked lum how noose of them there were, have been utterly ineffective.' He went out to them at ughlra b. Muayoib and 'Abdullah b. Abu Bakr h. >° •»«"■ »' ««* over them, looking furious. To Hazm told me that As 'ad b. Zurar, went out with " not '"' "" relatronship between ua you would not 1 tie areas of I) ' Mvlu'l- \slihal and of B Zafar Would y° u behave in our houses in a way we detes lo , a o 1 Oars b. Zayd b. 'Abdu'l-Ashhal was the said to Mus'ab, 'The leader whom his people follow quarters u make fools of our weak eomrades, drive them out and forbid happened to him. They replied, '(You are) oor elm themtoentero , r.l efto our int.reses, the best in judgement and the mmt fortunate in lea, can do nothing to him.' So Us.yd took his lanee and went to them; and in God and Hi, apostle.' A. a result every man and woman an when As'ad saw him he said to Mus'ab, "1 si, is me eiuef of his tribe who B- Abdu 1-Asbhal joined Islam. is coming to you, so be true to God with him.' Mus'ab said, 'If he will sit A *'ad and Mus'ab returned to As 'ad's house and stayed ther ttbycomoo r comrades. 'Leave us if Muslims except those of B, Umayya i lives.' "" ' Heexpt.i ■shoulders bare (.36). The Life of Muhammad :m and to help His apostle and to strengthen Islarr. Malik b. Abu Ka'b b. al-Qayn, brother of the B, and we did not wish to act differently. ■ cam, we prayed towards Syria Md™ _■ ni«}][ lind p.Liifd <vt- \iL-nt stealing HiitXy like saiuiijriiiiiv b. Isbao al-Muttalibi (ibcy iv^: Aba Zuhayr b. Malik b. Imru'u'l-Qays Kba?raj b. a! Ilaritb b. al-Khazraj ; 'At Sakbr b. Kliansa' b. binan b. 'Ubayd b _,J US tamb..l-Khraj; -Abdul. LQaysb.A !r .m...( 23 9). S.'db. Au^Usay.lb.Hu, „bat you art committing your.elyes in plod, _ torTwould bring you tatin thi> wxld'L.d Zeneit (if sriE 5 ™!,"™*" 8 The Life of Muhammad i^bir^isL' .estigated the report closely and ursuit of (our) people and ov.r- Ill §S caught Sa'd and tied his hands to his no md brought him back to Mecca beating hi ry the hait, fot he was a very hairy man. rumber of Qoraysh came up, among them rleasant appearance and I thought that il al-Jam hey were dragging me along, a man took levil^haven't you any right to protectio uba*'r b'Mu.'tab'Vd""^ NaST" AbdrM,lf.nd7,o,ectTern f raakinf Ita^d'orZen! ■e'andktpfngl.". rom those who might have wronged then i in my country; also al-Harith the B. Salama Mu'adh b. rfB.*Amirh'L ;t unavenged (244a). iootm,™ out and ktlmttttltk,,! folk. etoGodttto.tHigh, the Gtrtdou,, mtifttl, the Provider, the Judge of ,11 teligi I* ivht, kdleJ Ah, J.ihl !.. Ili s hjtnh. td-Ahghlr!,; he too ■ (24S). And Tt.in li. l.tam 1,. Z„,d I, Uodhfin b. ' I i 1 I ' III t lbu Mtr A,'! ,. -Amtl,. Z„;d \I,„.n... r t,.„„,„ll.,d Of 11. Mltinb. t.l-N-tiiBt:Q™ h. Al.a St I.ydb Ml M 1 1 ''The'Mt,ifot , i!",'i-N,jj i ,'"i ,;,;!'.':. rlyr m fighting B. ■U.ayra b. J.dlra l-'Aqaba. Died in Unays an ally from Qndl .■ ,„'„■»: 'Aq.J' replied, 'Al-Judd I.. l> in >r iinln b. 'Ubayd. Al-Dabhak b. Haiillm b. Zaytl b. ' die was piesent at Badt. Yazld b. Hatam b. Subay I Ve.t ,,!,!,, tyiian l-Jii.Ub.ljav.h. nh.-\„f-.knmtn .»■!■,■ II. al-Ilnl.ll(a S7 |:l<ir.Va B.dr(itS). T.|i,„l,. Wahbh. Kalda b. .il.J.,',1 b. ,rl..'A,llil..J„al,an,li 'A,,! K B„l,,l,„b 'Abdul- The Life of Muhammad women; he merely stated the con, (Of these wo women) Nusayba < The Life of Muhammad ;°p s t i fight only because lhc> have been imjiisily tr •God will make for you not been given permission to fight or allowed to shed <-n,!i,l 'Aqah.i. We. had simply been ordered to call men lure insult and forgive the ignorant. The Quraysh had My father IshSq b. Yasar on the authority of S When Abu Salama had decided to set out for Medi The Life of Muhammad i the vaj v„.- lT m..,-. l r.,i„ ll! .;, u.,.,1 .iuj. ins ofB.al-Mughi™ passed and sav Ymi run separated husband, wife, and child ysontT L So T'saddled'rny^mel and too Talha b Abu Talha, brother of B. 'Abdu'l empty of inhabitant,, and sighed heavily and ,ai, 'ill one da, be overtaken b, mTafortvie li „„„b e (j(,o). >s.' To which Abii Jahl replied, 'Nobody will l C Tov«°h ity diaropted on, affair,, and driven .'wedge be and '.W b. Habi'a and 'Abdollah b. Jahah and h n Qui,.' among the B. 'Amr b"'Aot Ivu.Iir n and women: 'Abdullah b. Jahah and hi, broth r^bu™Anm" The Life of Muhammad :cumpanied by various members of his family, and husband), an. Iyas, 'Aqil, 'Amir, and Kb; itmi an ally of t] O5), and four sons of ai-Hukayr, namely 'Ajian in QubS': 'I bavda fter his companions had left, th ;rmission to migrate. l.«.i, T t for - 3£S,, on"ofll7pp ze. The former kept asking the i "po.fl™ fta peraiiv io™ to emigri' W^eTthe Qultyshfaw'' £ th f.pUtfhacfa"" ny™°d d c™ HrHESS led to light them, se of Qu.ayy b. 1 lie nnylit join ^onam business was conducted, to take counsel wl Lat thev should ■a>kli ,,l- K clcJ u> this ,.n .he uld so grow that they would destroy the authority of Quraysh altogether The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad juntry. They did not care where he went or what to you ?■ They put up their hands and fell «ht- dust he was out of sight and they were rid of him. They they began u> ^aidi and sa« 'All i.n tin: hod wr, ir social life to its former state. Again the shaykh mantle and said. '!!> („>d ii is Muhummad iqunsi ■ ..t they would follow him Among the verses of the Quran whi think of a better plan. Thereupon Abu Jahl said that he had a plan whicl suggested hitherto, namely that each clan should provide would have to accept the blood-money which they 1 wo camels and kept them tied up in his house supplying th m with fodder me to the apostle and said : 'Do not sleep tonight on the usually sleep.' Before much of the night had passed hour^'H wh chhe^nM^^^o^.^SS^as^i assz Wa fadud ttwnj! htoaeif mhw ^ Hadranr, hecarrA t A^rBak7gave UP P hi 3 n searto r wL ll Only t m ■ sister Asma" 111^1^1^2^ =b£ 1 /E?"°h5 I father^d^ d, '0 prophet if you do not follow him you will be slaughtered, and of them.' God took away their sight so that they could Tone 0f e them d but e had O dus. tTp'ontis b^ThlS Is :BSEzzES:BBi,':: c£.^i ng for Muhammad he said : ' liut good heavens Muham- ■nd Fitfan.'J :, .,1 'VW ^h,™™™*!? D th"m.°nd Z T™h» t Life nf Muhammad food to sustain tin mU^. plans and conversation and| ■r of Quraysh including Abu Jahl came to us and sto< t I did not know Abu Jah!, who was a rough c who had lost his sight a ;ipestk ]]ii;;r:sti'd (Jurj>s!i offuM Quraysh so that I might w affairuntilwheii the apostle eonquer •A'itCaSo) 1 to the right ofl .:-..-. ■;.. len by al-'Ababid (27X1. then by «.l> <>l ..1-FSjja (279). Then h le, so they sav, st:,ved with KulthQm b. Hidm bmshev of ■ Auf, one of the B. 'I bayd. Others say he stayed with S n 1.0 go ami sit wilh the men in Sa'd's house {for he wa x>ttk held. This done he joined the apostle and ilthum's house. He stayed in Quba' only a night oi at in Quba' there was an unmarried Muslim worn; nan used to come to bet in the middle of the nig ■j she would come out and he would give her som e used to break up the idols of his tribe at night ai where he was met by Ziyad b. Lab iiMui Fanval-. The same thing happened with B. Sa'ida wh Khazraj represented by Sa'd b. al" l-N J .i.ir(«] ; .. women), being represented by Sa of B. Malik clan, who were und Sahl and Suhayl the sons of Ami Whcnukndl . The apostle ord The Life of Muhammad night and day ;3 o The Life of Muham with us." He replied: "O Abu Avyiili, k is returned what was left, Umm AyyQb and I uf One night we prepared for him onions or garlic 'Akiama brother of B. 'Amir b. Lu'a; I.Sukuyi- : ■■']]) IS. Sa'd b. Layth, allies of B. '. .. Jahsh told forward- (good works) for yourselves. You know, by God, that one of towards God what you say with your mouth?. Love one another in the spirit of God. Verily God is angry when His covenant is broken. Peace in their religion and their property, and stated the reciprocal obligation! il his mosque and his quarters were built. document from Muhammad the prophet [governing the relations] betwee 2 3 2 The Life ofMuham ,)to he Qura number and sha m their | risoners w h t ekindnet C °TteR**JUi?s i 'to their present cu itom shall pay they paid in heat eniam every MM tion shall r dee 1 its priso •1-Harith, and the RJ^h^a^d ttaB.d^S ■ V'abit and the B al-'Aus 1 Believers shall a them h his redemption m a (283). ally the fr God- him who seeks to of one of them. ■ unbeliever, nor shall he believer ag fthemrm behalf. Believers ■ g help an ality. He his peace sh in the way of God foray a rider mus take the property wnofQu 11 be subj mTSS^iSa. DO«y), an kVa^nt hall be m and believes in Ge ! and he last da to help an evil- doer* or t «rs (the Jev The Life of Muhammad 233 sinfully, for they hurt but themselves and the r families. The same appli to the Jews of the B. al-Najjar, B. al-Harit al-Aus, B. Tha'laba, and the Jafna, a clan Tha'laba are as themselves. The close friends' afthejewsareasthemselve. permission of Muhammat but he shall not be prevented from taking re slays a man without warning slays himself an tthat. The Jews must bea their expenses and the Muslims their expense against anyone who attacks the people of this e consent of her family. I ble should arise it must b what is nearest to piety and goodness in this d helpers shall not be given protection. The c to help one another against any attack on Y hrib. If they are called t Th.LifiofMuham^d iayd b. Haritha the apostle's freed licet his death. Ja'far b. AhO Talib 'Ihaydulliili and Ka'b b. Malik \mr b. Nufayl and Ubayy b. Ka't ilfreedmanofAbiiB As'ad b. Zurara died; he was seized by diphtheri, I and a r* tiling in the 'Abdullah b. Abu Bakr b. Muhammad b. 'Amr I ..Hazmtc Id me on the re a prophet rom God frir myself or for my companion (to avert death).' 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qatada al-Ansari told me that i the B. al-Najjarcame to the apostle, for Abu Umama one from among them to act in his place ; to which t . I will be your leader.' oflhc-lif-li.CTiwlio-hiivttakciuiiilhoraliud.^inih.-i-iu-.ith. pv..;>liL'ti in the faith'. 1 When the apostle first cam..-, tlu p:o r k- ^,r.U;W. i„ A The Life of Muhammad .llowinjt w™ 8 ( 3 8y). The Life of Muhammad art Thou (Oft have I mentioned Thy name). rdam h. Qays, an ally of Ka'b.' la'laba b. al-Fityaun: 'Abdullah b. Suriya fa'a b. Qays; Finhas; Ashya' The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad M hmud h D h I k b b Rtshid b. Xayd; Qanlan: b. Ka'b; \\ :,] -h b. Zayd; Nafi' b. "He is our chief, and the son ofour chief; our rabbi, and our learned man." ;'Adiyh. Ziiwi; al-Hnrithb. 'Auf; Kardam b. Zayd; When they said this I emerged and said: "O Jews, fear God and accept ifi' b. Rumayla; Jabal b. Abu Qushayr; Wahb b. what He has st-m you. Tor by God you know that he is the apostle of God. abidb A'sam who bewitched the a ostle of God so that hell S^krfcS nSta^ "^ eVe " named - * '^ le at his wives.' I acknowledge him." They accus y of 'Abdullah b. Salam, a learned rabbi, !,, om , When I heard about the apostle I knew by his de f erous, lying, and evil people. I publicly p ■. Akhtab said 'I was the favo The Life of Muhammad after his father's death, report v.l ,i I first he said to Julas: 'You are dearer e Life of Muhammad id to the hypocrites. It was he who said: 'Muhammad is all /one tells him anything he believes it.' God sent down amccm- Altd Of them are those who unnuv [In- prophet and say he is all what Julas had said. Jul.ls swon hj (;.,d tl,.,. he hao no- said the v.o , ,r I I 1 I .,,;■■ » i 1 ■ l ! ,oncernmg hi trplan If il world they have no friend or helper' ( m V Qays b. Zayd one of B. Pubay'a at Uhud, went out al-Harith b. Hatih ( 3 o 7 ). 'Abbad b. Hunayf brother of Sahl, and Bahzaj who were among the ic il. "I'li.rUiha were Jariya b. 'Amir b. al-'Attaf and his two sons 358 44 The Life of Muhammad layd and Mujammi'. They were also concerned with the mosque i The Life of Muhammad 1, 'Cheer up, OQuzman; you )f B. Ubayd b. Zayd b mosque of at-Dirlr ,s of Zayd. -ough his •ByC I would thro ■vi'a]L-ilt(>ncmim S him: ''They sa ■Al«ii :,■■/.- .al-l.iar .■' (2(J9).' sturdy old i lone :" O son of Hiitib, in the thought of pnrmli.^c !' '1'lic n h<~ hypoirr showed ilsdf. for Ins f;,lhcr !=;ii.l, 'Humph! 1U Cod it r* ,5 K i(rden of r Yon I pentance Julas together with Mu'auib, e profession of I s lam.» Some Muslims Of Khazraj from B, al-Najjar: Rati' b. Wadi'a, Zayd b. 'Amr, 'Amr b. Qays, and Qays b. 'Amr b. Sahl. Of B. Jusham of the clan of B. Salima: al-Jidd b. Qays who said, '0 sent down concerning him: 'Of them is he who says, Give me leave (to stay The Life of Muhammad .bu Qauqal and Suwayd and Da'is of the clan of ' - hypocrites used to a you hypocrite!' {300). youth"(the only young n and put him out violently, saying, 'Faugh! You These were the hypocrites whom the apostle hings to right,' i.e. we rmly v The Life of Muhammad >w. is"n-)l profitable anil they arc not rightly S uiii with them uith tion and f ar of you, they ,L-i- and in what STbrt fthTvengean i'jjjjjj exceeding Tl,Lrl. S h:niii K : irightiuss oft! will never find so that they will truth and alk about it and c Life of Muhammad you have about My God prophecy vou have and the covenant of the Torah and aba, i.e. when you deny that it contains My covenant with < pronounce My apostle to be true, and you break My a ,g S0 knowingly?' His saj ; to what I was told by a ;rthe apostle of God ; but he (has been sent) 21 o.artwirhone, The Life o/Muha '""""' n™ jGjdta ,oo,Sheci«y. in our book. Oppose hi ei, the prophet wh ":,: : i i. a prophet SB i.e. that My cove recite paaaage. ( 3 lo).« '•They only think uitv'T raw,'" t ot merely ransom them' fa A freednran ot Zayd h b. Jnbayr from Ibn 'Abb God woold onl, pnniah sby.hi pokthcr. . Qat.lda told me th.it shaikhs of his people or it is he who brought i , downtotlnhe ulhytlo. .*,;;". ,-„; ■el Ie»»i r/thTmto'swe™ »»le" d lesbly In he, , •".'I'v'ii,! n the right ans ,., would acknowledge his truth Hid 11 '" ■',',?,"; 'Why does a on b, God and His fa.o urs wwa'rdTthc" the topi-' 'Ago lgteed.' 'Thusismysle, ■p. My eye sleep. s about what Istael volut .tardy forbade hi nself.' 'D a you not knew drink in graritude to Cod? 'Agreed. 1 ell us .hen, the Spirit.' not know that it is Gabriel, he who comes to me? 'Agreed, but mmad he ,, an cncnw to u., en angel » ho eomes only with as far as the words 'Is it nut that when they make a covenant some et it aside, nay most of them do not believe. And when an apostle 376 256 "JS (exe e Zi/# of Muhammad pt what was upon the back), for ew. of Khaybar according tow ha, — ' o eonli u, O fin. God; an ernsX. ,;,; »« eest them bowing, falling pre forgivenc :5: h 5 hoot and Mrengthen, it and it k delighting the sowers that He beco ■ red the h, "r.o'htr.d "hi.' wnrks, 'hat Y ,on 'tc, "S'v. Muh'ani, "jJif" He 1* Snd d Z in ,X^#S. * n'th r-cT n" n ' "<'. God and Hi. prophet' (313). ming whom the Qor.n came do ::, T tciall The Life of Muhammad X7* for only y 1 years?' Tin- more weighty and longc ! boot the people tie ut Jeans, Son of ne that he of Jews, bn off • 'id b. Jubayr ™ d lbn™Ab k M B tope t ■ftte wonldbe.helpt Sc^iSd" ,1, "he'nadfo Tont'S'm ;";;;' aba Jews, tea, God wot. mad's help again a KtimnZ re polytheis »hk.m! ,», l" Andw'hentboo '. o"° 8 SoGod TntToZ '"3 '; ' ongh'beToreha^ ey were asking for help aos J( L odWse'resno Tunbeliever. '. the, dub edin ";; b. al-Sayf oatd "t MtaobT" rnpid'r, demand "s G™ c tsxx ™ ,"sTdo ,^ The Life of Muhammad rom the straight road' (314).' to turn men away from Islam. So God teSdSt^SoSa his back ori the qibla he the^flfain Jerusalem they wo IldfoUowhim anddedare sh people will say: What their back on the qibla that uides whom He will to the community that you may ointed the qibla which thou d dst formerly observe only connl'L'n'.fM it Tom fhe?r usht ,h.» j,,;,. BJfi'Midt'Ifyi \re anap . ■ irn G< iasyo u say, then ^'^IoZt «? 'ho !; ■ Why J "i' t God spe 2BBJh ys, ' "' d \'°„ people, concerning them t ah!" And £"i i" d B* lew. ■ Chnsua will be rightly gui< «» the. £? kif re"'. A p inged from Syria to t so be not of the dou blim" f r as the words 'It s the truth cm thy Lore Mu'adh b. Jabal a Ki"sa'd b. Mu'adh brother of B. 'Abdu -Ashhal, and Kharija b. Zayd bro Jewish rabbis about Xtl ^hinglbo^it 31 S.KI^K,- ;'■;!;:;;■;;;;■ them: 'Those who c iK-L-a! ll e proofs and guidan eVu-hiue,, nt down after nothing and were nut rightly k The Life of Mukammad rou fight us you will Ml.' Bo God sent believe, You will be way of God and the other was unbelieving seeing twice their number with their very eyes. God will strengthen w ith I lis help a horn He will. In that religion, Muhammad? rorah judge between us.' ,rity and prophecy could e Muslims' (316).* angels and proph : after you had b lion to hear witness to his truth when he a it upon themselves and he savs: 'When G< .rophets (He said) Ikhnld that which 1 hn he battle of Bu'ath Aus he father of Usaydb.Hu. The Life of Muhammad ;lans leapt up, Am b. Qayzl of 1 other until one of them said, ' -To arms! To mm!' So out they went and when the : to them: '0 Muslims, remember God. Remember G< The Life of Muhammad it while they deny your book, so tl not unmindful of what yo Aus and Jabbar and the people who wer ve, if you obey some of thoso you ? He who hold ■Theyarenot<>ll)slikc:ofthesi-v: pttl* ■.-. upright community r.M md rie With one another God sent down , The Life of Muhamm, And those >vl,o lonmJ;, , r:,„,,:.J, ,, :...!. :»: 1-Jihl and al-Tagl,.,,? ,,.,„). 'Wehav. pho.s O.J djob , A h"° "old, "done and nought ;..S M< .Id .he' of; and Gods eetly to Mo. .-:j p o*i1 )m"£ tggoodn ewsa ndwar ing ..fit. ,','",;,; "11 ?/; iskno Pledge di k.'co" ' They epl, !.'»d rely bear wita Sot' MO. &'»?, k'theirh lpin them Theap ., ,1-D find Muh 7h™» eon nnT.!,, '"m, TrTd" TZ tb. ?hV eft"! ■ml, 1 -?!■ .'d.'la' "e.meen. m ant hi! !■■ J tenti i'O yoo« «■ belie. mnoi bet Go, on. to yon The Life of Muhammad God, for you know right The Life of Muhammad ling lor adulterers. ' Yes,' he said, 'they know rif It believe, h *> listening f d the judgement from its context. Then he asked for a Torah. A rabbi sat there reading it having put his hand over the verse of stoning. 'Abdullah b. Salam struck the rabbi's hand, saying, 'This, O prophet of God, is the verse of stoning which he refuses to read apostle abandon the judgement of God ,■01! Jews! What Da'Qd b. al-Husayn from 'Ikrima from Jbn "Abbas said that the verses of The Table in which God said : 'Then judge between them or withdraw if thou indgcst, judge with fairness, for God who deal fairly' 396 If of it. They refer: The Life of Muhammad The Li f e °f M " hammad i bloodwit m equal shares. But God ows w „,"", no God but H e. With th 1 1 "'he ;ndly with them. So God sent dowi . Mishkum and Mii]ik h. al-Sayf :i relieve in the Tor.il, whicb we h donotkno-v f;^)._ ,andoned our Qibla and yon do not alleg .TOr^r.dQuravshtoasktt 1 'Uqba to them. 2 his forearm and his upper arm, what are they like? The 'Alqam ,.;».,. nw?' ;;"'.",!' "t* h 4".? »™ b £™' Tfor'' i," iz!:, ™4 wouldt T'i :4'"; :n tdo';,™d u J°1T 272 The Life of Muhammad Jesus and Ma^. Concerning all these assertions the Quran c ,„ mastw .0 show them their error thereby, annot die, whereas Jesus The Life of Muhammad ■He has brought down tc His essential Unity above He the Mighty the Wise.' dof n ; Kin i phets wrongfully and ,ou wilt and the dead and the dead from the living' by that power. 'And Thou nui i I gh I ga^e Je us power over those matters in virtue of whic birds of clay, and I But some of My majesty and «ht held from Jesus and gave iple and a clear proof that ■ a Cod : from km low me, God will love you and forgive you your s s Forgiving Mercif " /our unbelief, 'God i He explains J Noah and the . Theyv ' Then The Life of Muham mi entirely devo p, (hi.,,) fr» ,™.Ttou:"',h,"st; ft^ worldly . ' ) ),„,,, tailed he. Ma.y and I p,„ her „, Thy k, Zachariah her guardian' after her father and n t she was an orphan and tells of her and Zacharis as. not with them 'when they threw their arrows to know which of then, .oulel be the guardian of M„,'( 3 at,). Later her guardian was Jurayj, the , e , , „,,,,, of B. istail. The support her so they cast lots to sec ivho should he hot guardian and the ignofhisprophethoodand ■ Hes.id:'Thu,(,twiIlb™ The Life of Muhammad : to him;' they had only the r ?m? W-x< niter him. 'And* a blind and the leper' !;,.:o;. s with thee say about Him. '0 our L< y plotted and God plottet Go. -nestly 1 and invoke God cur upon the 1 r \ e. If they turn back prophet sent (by God) and he has brought a nature of your master. You know too that do tins you will be exterminated. But if you decide to adhere to your n the day of thud. 1 He had beer 'The Hatilf iva, :he religion of Abrahar .ally, when tl thing finer th and if anyone comes, talk tc nothing finer than jathering with talk w what God has honoured ua with, and guided ua to." When 'AfeAJ When your friend is your opponent you will alwaya be humilia 27 6 The Life of Muhammad God initiated and gave to him;' the, had only the mention oihim that h would be on. of the prophet, after him. 'And an apostle to RM bom blind and the leper' (330). 'And I will quicken the dead by God' The Life of Muhammad male is no more wonderful than this. 'Whoso arg >'(33"). 'Verily this' whi ieve in God.' This is .heir saving l.v * i.icf, .! e with thee say about Him. '0 Lord, nature of your miter. You know too that a people has never invoked a ourse on a prophet and seen its ,1,1, ,.!., and ... youth grow up. If you .I., this you ... i 1 1 be ct'.tTm.nated. But if you decide to adhere to your ion.Ilia taking upnfjc™ to H,m,elt when tin „.'And they plotted and Cod plotted and God apostle said, 'If you come to me this The Life of Muhammad al-ZuhnfromTrx 'Abdullah b. Ubayy's people had made a sort of jewelled diadem to a n ass with a saddle surmounted by a cloth of Fadak with a bridle of pair crown him and make him their king when God sent His apostle to them; fibre. Said Zayd: 'The apostle gave me a seat behind him. He pass, so when his people forsook him in favour of Islam he v-.as filled with en- 'Abdullah b. Ubayy as he was sitting mity realizing that tin: apostle had deprived him of his kingship. However, (333). Round him were sitting some ol when he saw that his people were determined to go over to Islam he went him his sense of politeness would not allow him to pass without alighting. too, hot unwillingly, retaining his enmity and dissimulating. So he got off the animal and sat for a little while reciting the Quran and when they went over to 'islam and went off to Mecca with about ten fol- good news to him while he, with his nose in the air, uttered not a word. Umama from one of the family of Hanzala b. Abu' 'Amir told me that the nothing finer than what you sav if it were true. But sit in your own house post! Don't call him the monk but the evil-doer.' and if anyone comes, talk to him about it ; but don't importune those who lie days and who WM t'ni ie left for he does not like'." 'Abdullah b. Rawaha, who was one of the Muslims who Mecca Abu 'Amir came to the apostle in Medina to ask him about the were sitting with lorn, said, "Nay, do come to us with it and come into our 'The Hanif iya, the religion of Abraham.' what God has honoured us with, and guided us to." When 'Abdullah b. If his feathers are clipped he falls to the ground (334) Al-Zuhrl from 'Urwa b. al-Zubayr from Usama toll Th aemalh happened to the en there went witli him 'Alqai a'iar he died they bronchi their riv. God save me from an Tl, r Lif, of AfukcmmaJ Only God know l»w mud, ttoy .uttered tor While death was nearer than the thong of his sandal, tught that my father did not know what he was saying. Then I we ir and asked him how he was and he said : I have experienced death before actually tasting it: I i r Li, i it ith dl his might Like the ox who protects his body with his horns (335). r~""'° Ib'n'shihar/al Zuh" from 'Abdu.iah S b i~' Is tn, 4,5 his prophet) to s 1 il mid only pray sitting Mill i pilgrimage), and Muh.rram. Then he wen. forth raiding in rjat anJthcbeci..n,n E oi ItahlVI-av, »al 1 „S). rayda b. al-I.ISrith b. al- single one of the An, Qnraysh, No fightin: e Life of Muhammad ltd not weigh upon them;' highest nock it. through amy tancta mel. urged on at even by . Like the red-backed deei that haunt Mecca I swear, and I am no perjurer, I will not assail' yours. 'Abdullah b. al-Ziba'ra al-Sahmi replied e order of him who k The Life of Muhammad i— the first to man jeneraus, mighty C e Life of Muhammad Quraysh (345), until he r.nrh,,! \lu,.~.< r tlu i JL ,i:l,'.ou hood -.1 Ra<J«a. 'I'h,n ]*■ return,.! to Med,™ uithuui lid,!.,,,. 111S1 ] r, mained there for the rest of RabiVl-Akhir and part of Jumada'i-ClS. the,.!,.,,..! [ during Jum t^hMM.tjfKhl. lI-Qulm, from .M The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad nVfcTa tira^unt.l *" ne and emigrants were, Abu tfudhayfa, "AN, nddwn who should wake us but the apostle himself as he 'Abdullah, an,: ' 1,1111 II II you of the mineprwied until you reach Naklibl«iWL-iai .Ml ed creatures? Uhaymir of Thamud who slaughtered the wait there lor Qmay^ ;im! 1i:u1 out lor us whai -'until this is' soaked Irom r. -am! ]»■ look hold of his panions, 'The apostle has commanded me to go there for (. Jjfl Turab ?' But God knows the truth of the matter. were riding by turns, so il-Hadrami (349), Meanwhile the apostle had sunt Sa\l b. Abu Waqqas wish eight men from 413 without fighting (347). The apostle stayed only a few nights, less than u-n. in Medina when he II I land tayed there for the rest of Jumada'l Akhira, Rajab, and Sha'ban. hem. On,- of Abdullah's family mentioned I >f the caravan The Life of Muhammad I for which we shall b lullah's raid (though oth un K Cml's }>,■<)!■>]..■ from [lis lecca until Quraysh were talkin the void- <-f IX^um crying out in the bottom of the wadi. as he si shm. uli-!<- h< w.i, ,.um,u. 'O Oi,mv-:,,' (i k- tur,-i» >'ru mu'k ik -:'.m- camels ! Muhammad and his companions are lying in wait for your , Help! Help!' This diverted him and me from our affair." The men prepared quickly, saying, "Do Muhammad and his compan place al-'As b. Hisham b. Miitililru ku. owuil him fcn.iv thousand Jirlianss which he could not ] of Quraysh, they said, 'All right, r his belly, and brought it i 'Urwa b. al-Zubayr told me that when Quraysh ^HetoSTthl r il \\ II rr" route from M '.\ (j I,|, DhQ'l-Hulayfa, and tlalu'l-Jaysh (357). 'H'™ I' then along the pass; then he debouched from it until when near al-Safra' h, „nt Ifcshas b. Wmr al-Juhanl, an ally of B. Sa'ida, and 'Adiy b. Abu The apostle drew an ill 394 The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad with you. By God, if you »n to nke„, to B.rk ,1-GhimId,' we would JThm the «po«fc inirari O hi »mp™,; , me, and they dl in wit! some water-camels of Quraysh, among whon b'ai-'J z HS s j, and 'Arid Abu Yasar, a young man o ought them along and questioned then aying. They said, 'We are the waterme of (jura;. 5 g to Abu S i ho P L ■ fjan! d that they would belong to Abu Sufyan f had beaten them soundly, the two me so they let them go. The apostle bowe ou let them alone. Thev told the truth KjQ.IMJH . Tel me you two about the Quraysh." The nol.ed. (The hi! The n H d^TheT : ;;: i y beasts they slaughtered every day, an i, 'The people are between nine hundre me one of the two parties,* and by God, it is as though I now saw the al-Har,th b ' W T„ . t i , i \hQ Jahl, Umayj enemy lying prostrate.' Then the apostle journeyed from Dhafran and Munabbih, Suhayl, 'Amr b. 'Abdu Wudd.' The apostle went to t town called al-Dabba and left al-Hannan on the right. This was a huge Basbas and 'Adlv had S one on unnfthey reached Badr, and h sandhill like a large mountain. Then he stopped near Badr and he and hill near the water. Then they took an old .kin to ietoh water wl one of his companions (359) rode on, as Muhammad b. Yahya b. tlabban b. 'Amr al-Juhani was by the water. *Adiy and Hashas heard heard about them. The old man said, T won't tell you until you tell me pay you what 1 rme. you.' Majdi said, 'You are ri^lit,' a-d u Sufyan went fo™ a 't „ ,1 'cardan as a precauti .vater, and asked Majdl if he The Life of Mukamma Al-Akhnas b. Shariq b. 'Amr b. Wahb al-Thaqafi, an ally of B. Zuhra who were in il ] 1 I i I 1 ^ ^ ng God has saved you without profit as this man would have us,' meaning Abu Jahl. So they of Quia worst occurs v,,u can mount your camels and join our people who ar< we ate. Had thought that you would be fight ine '■■':■ ""iild I10t have sta J'<j d b ^' God u ill protect von bv them : tin-, ivill give you good counsel and with you.' The apostle thanked him and blessed him. Then a booth Quravsh, having marched forth at daybreak, now came on. Wher apostle saw them descending from the hill 'Aqanqal into -.ne v.ik;- cried '< > Cod. here come the Quraysh in their vanity and pride, conten with Thee and calling Thy apostle a liar. God, grant i he :.<-)? i\ O God, if Talib goes forth to war unwillingly Let him be the plundered not the plunderer, The vanquished not the victor ( 3 6r). Quraysh went on jjO** JUJ^^f a^was rSwe ■l-'Aqanqal, the hill behind which lay Quraysh, while the w i, none is able The Life of Muhammad The Life of Mukammao . 'Abdu'1-Asad al-Makhzuml, who was a quarrels..™- ill- m or destroy it or die before reaching it.' Hamza b. 'Abdu- i two met, Hamza smote sent his foot and half his shank flyin , 'O people of Quraysh! By God. you will gain naught by giving anions are (in number as) the eaters of one slaughter ion is among them, so he is afraid lest you slay him." he folk at this time 'when you see^your blood^evenge .our brother." ; Amir aroTand ^Jd[Sr^ Uas for 'Amr!" And war was kindled and all was marrec itubbornly on their evil course and 'Utba's advice was ,Vhen 'Utba heard how Abu Jahl had taunted him, he . >efouled garment 2 will find out whose lungs are swo 364).'" Then 'Utba looked for a helmet to put on his 3 of our own tr.be!' The ap^lle sani, 'Arise. () TbavJ! arise, O llamza, and arise, O 'Ali.' And when thev aros .ched them, the Quravsh said, 'Who are you?' And having 1 are his name, iIka said, 'Yes, -■:«*: lire noble and our pa him and bore away their comrade and brought (T. 1318. 2. His leg had been cut off and the mi plied. Then 'Ubayda uly realist in me.') 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qat; The Life of Muhammad 1-TdhrI, anally of B.Zuhra, told l-\#lr (365), w I.,, v. ;i > .umhnc „,u : ,(,f, , of l„,, he pricked him lit! I -, 1 1 u have hing his Lord for thy help which He -shipped no more.' But Abu Bakr said, 'O prophet of God, youi >eople are doing.' 'Yes, by . was Mihja,', a freedmarl of 'Umaf ! he W l he plunges into the midst of the enemy sei^d hTsword LTf'ought the enemy till he was slain. U^^^^^^Z^^^X^^^^^ The Life of Muhammad ceompanied by his fellow-rider Jiinld. h. Mulayha , Ttoi who tas7with vJ.r,r!eIr, th\,I word^n'spree"^ m,"remon.tt.nce S until finally he shouted at the , ,. a .„ „,, »,,n u. .pear, rf ^ ^^ , () ^^ ( ^^ ^ iu . h . infirH , mlyja b KhlM , Tell Bakhtarl that he'sbmT.ed ol ""after M *? ' not '™ » he """■' Tht '"? '' f °'T d " ri ° B """"' "V" ' ™ Wh"r, h I thrutt"™ my'ipeat ftUrfaXSt'ouble. ! " M » him ' M " ke J°»""P e ' ( th ° u S h <* had ™ chance of escape) '1 can I lost my coats of mail and he denntctl me of nr. prisoner, ' Yahva b. 'Ahhod b. 'Abdullah b. : lHaihesaid"0'Abdu'Ana"hvoo!doAaos^erlu:a aodilraMy I said. "I septed (lie name from idio. Or die day of Iladr T passed by him standing 'near C a°nd weh.'.'rd ftetTeigWng of horses a 1. Uavaro„:"s A, lor my cousin, hi, hear d,ii lAaui Alii lost his siedu:' | 4 Th, Life of Muhammad Th, Lif, of Muhammad 3 „ 5 fnfo"™S™u. b th" le did t „ B J'' I |i' In ""°' herb,ttle " he l' were " ms 'Ukka.hbMl I II 1 1 d 11, of B Abdu Sham,, fought A, he was lighting tha, day AM Jahl was saying, who gave h „, ,'„ 2 nght'wfftthn.'whonte down to the fight!' i to the fa,) e :t ,,11. 1 le li.x-J liIut ',!.,! nno the reign of 'Uthman. full moon' 'Ukkasha asked if he could liu ' "" ^ra'piisseilAbfi jahl as he lav there helpless and smote prayed that he might be one. One of tl looke d for among the slain (T. I- esaid, 'It l.md, don't lot In Keel') ih b. Alui Ilakr oho told n ■ople. ymgwhenAbuJab.Ua.in lT™ trSSEtfa a°bto t'l.ir.;). Uhenlheatdth lt)"int SgiiEtnlFi',' ILL 1,1 ufail^ii AbQ Jahl when the apostle and the prayer I. roll.' e was thinner than Abo Jab ' <»°> °» !»««* ('or he h mi> Ibat die apostle said: 'Ours is the bes nO , y0 , ^ ,', U, people?" He replied that t sed to be his oath.') ' Y, ,,'"| „„',f od ho gate thanks to Cod <-,;;). The Life of Muhammad Were once the abodes of dearly loved Quench the heat of the sorrowing bit Tell the truth about that in which th< e of God called to tl 1 1 spoke i The Life of Muhammad right and thy jiidgnx-m was so it the Quran came do' 3 o8 The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhamm, gave it him.' cupper. The apostle said, 'Abu Hind is one of i 'Uthman to ^ wife of (k. Drorihe 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qati are you congratulating us ■qu'1-Zabya Tqba was killed (381). He had been captured by , Muhs Lbfl'l-Aqlah e family of 'Afra lother and father, was among the prisoners and he said, 'My the Quraysh chiefs who ha 1. Salima, one of the B. al-'Ajian. WW me (382). ^ L But - Abbag „, 1S iltl , i;d (lf h (io The Life of Muhammad people. Abu Lahab had stayed behind from the Badr expedition sending while al-' Abbas was bulky. When the apostle : 3uraysb disaster at Badr God humiliated Abu Lahab and put him to apostle said, "A noble angel helped you against irrows delighted with the news that had come, up came Abu Lahab before she grew up and Sufyan b. al-Aswad b. 'A il-IJSrith. b. 'Abdu 1 M tal b ( 1 II were thrown upon him from behind the wall ur 'Come here, for you have news." So In: ,:jm C and sac with him while the said that when 'A'isha passed the place she used jeople stood round, and when he asked his nephew for the news he said, Yahya b. 'As soon as we met the party we turned our backs and they were killing me that Qu On the night o t Quraysh bewailed their dead. Then they said, news will reach Muhammad and his companio: s but hold back so that Muhammad and his com d excessive ransoms.' At-Aswad b. al-Muttalib ha. Jama'a, 'Aqil, and al-Harith b. Zama'a, and he i Meanwhile he heard a weeping woman, and as he w m and the clan of Abu']-\ iedly for them all, ' Tiu lift of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad : you .re God's apostle.' So he redeemed him .e.)' ba b. Abu Mu'av r (39.); and whet, Abu Sufylln « asked to .:.,JI,M.'in,..»„ is II, „.„■„, • !,ep in al-Xaq!'.' lie left , hat place on 3 lip was split (387). ', brother of B. 'Amir b t mutilate him, otherwise prophe tion the apostle said to X 'i"3e~s raylgo, u will not blame him" (3! bout him and finally agre (The payment i costly" ,e Arab not for clients), ugh money would be <• TW^i 1 :!? nay attain our desires' (38 (T. 1344. Ibn Ham dfrom Balam, from Ibn Ishaqfr oneself O =."■'■ ally'lik, 1 he people .nipelle melO.lifi'l) ",,:;;,! :, taefSt '„ °w.'„?,oS;° to Abu'l-'As and .man from Quraysh i't want to keep her from her father and tl ■.hut we have brought her back y The Life of Muhammad m them the fate of 'Ad and Jurhur •on wild asses— rough and coarse would willingly yi'.c i: hm:k and thry \serc s... scrupilous that men brought everything was returned and nothing withheld. Then Abu']-' As went to m he handed Zaynab over to the two men satd: Mecca anJ paid everyone what was due, including those who had given ik my word with Muhammad's daughter. had any further claim on him. 'No,' they said, 'God reward you; we have umbers as long as I live found you both trustworthy and generous.' 'Then', said he, 'I bear witness nuost,- AbiVI-'As worn to Syri; Qi.riiysh which they entrusted 1 , I would have become a Muslim when I was with him tint t! Abdullah b. 'Umar b. MakhzGm. {He was left in the hands of 1 he should send his ransom, but he broke his word to them. Sayfiisnott 'hose who light you die misi:rahly, The Life of Muhat ■ii | :-:,;-.h-: ,;■■ ;,,:. ■>•:• ,r :; ,;v. ^ w^l I ;r, witt, h:s sword.' He told him to let him come i God for God is severe To tin i Li-hceous, helpers with the Helper high ground others to the plain (403). ^ an de a kImb. a Em' by turns. " Kjrb..l-yarithb.Keld B b. , .U]. i .-.. l f^ 1 . The Life of Muhammad 321 d God took it out of our 'As thy Lord brought thee out of thy Y !i;itl ba:ome plain, lis thimjih rhcy wtre , 'O you who believe, wh .o not turn your backs. enemy so that they should not withdra ' " MtHe" ' the a u that ten He said, 'If you sought a judgement, a judgement came to you.' -'ith reference to what Abu Jahl said, 'O God, he who is the worst in ing relations and bringing us things that are unacceptable destroy him ■d said, 'If you cease,' that is addressed to Quraysh, 'it is better for and if you return (to the attack) We will return.' i.e. With a similar to that which We gave you on the day of Badr. clapping of hands' (405). God smote Quraysh on the day of Badr (406). who went to Abu Sufyan and to everyone of the Quraysh who had mo religion, all of it, shall belong to God.' i.e. So that no bclicvur is pcrst-a them on the He taught them how t'. divide t He made it lawful to them and sa d:'Andknov poor and the wayfarer, if you b Our servant on the day of furqdn t££ The Life of Mul were on the nearer side' of the wadi 'and Abfl Sufyan which you had gone out to c; not have met them; 'but that God might accomplish be done,' i.e. that He might accomplish what He wi namely to exalt Islam and its followers and to abase the : was in them (407). 'And when you rr rls kn- ?utaTsho f v r L a thV ^""s^r nor'crm-- he help e your prophet. ot aim ,1V .mvrj-.m,; ,- Icsaid: And iv en Satan those who follow them, haply the} and cavalry by which. e them of one mind but God made them of one mic hich He gathered them. 'He i a mighty, wise.' follow thee. O prophet', exhort the believers to f ity steadfast ones among you they will overcome tw d fight a thousand. So God relieved II overcome two hundred, and if there are a thousand of yo rcome tun thousand by God's permission, for God Is v.itl e not bound to fight and it was permissible for them to wi TAe Z,!/e of Muhammad 327 his enemies until he drives them from the land.' 'You desire the lure of this world,' i.e.- its goods, the ransom of the captives. 'But God desires the next world,' i.e. their killing them to manifest the religion which He wishes not i-Ruously^onc forth from Me that I would punish only after aprohibi- tion— and He had not prohibited them— I would have punished you for what you did. 1'hen He made it lawful to him and to them as a mercy from Him and a gift from the Compassionate, the Merciful. He said, 'So enjoy what you have captured as lawful and good, and fear God. God is For- givmg. Merciful' Then He said: '0 prophet, Say to those captives in He incited the Muslims to unity and made th e Refugees and-the Helpers 485 unbelievers friends one of another. Then He there will be confu ever becomes friend of believer to the exclusion he unbeliever even the There will be confusion in land,' i.e. doubt abou the true and the fals r takes the side of thTtlSr'a^nstlne The"' He assigned inh eritances to next of kin of those who became ip between Refugees strove along with you they one another in God's book, oweth all things'. b. Kinana: Muhammad, God's apostle the lord of the sent ones, h. 28 The Life of Muhammad farbu' b. *Amr b. YarbG' b. Kharasha b. Sa'd b. Tartf b. Jillan b.,Ghann i. Ghaniy b. Ya'sur b. Sa'd b. Qays b. 'Ayian (413), and his son Martha! 1. Abu Marthad, allies of Hamza; 'Ubayda b. al-Harith b. a.-Muttalib nd his two brothers al-Tufayl and al-Husayn; and Mistah whose nam. Of B. 'Abdu Shams b. 'i bdu Manaf: 'Uthman b. 'Affan b Ahu'l-'A, ; (He stayed b ? hter, so the ap (from God) as (413). They allege that Sub ayh freedman of 'Asb.Uma Salama b. 'Abdu'1-Asad . Hilal b. 'Abd Hah Afterwards Subayh was pr S of B.'ta 3 b. 1 huzajma: Abdullah Jahsh b. Ri'ab b. Ya'mar b 'Ukkasha b. Mihsan b. Hu rt'han b- Qays b a b. Kablr b. Ghanm Dudan;Shuja'b. Wahbb Rabl'a b. Asad b. Su hayb b. M &c, and his brother 'Uqb ab, &c. A Sinan b. Mifcan b. Hurth an b. Qays broth er of Ukkasha b. his son Sinan b. Abu SinSi b. Aktham b. Sakhba Of the allies of B. Kab and Mudlij {414). They in (415). Total Of B. Naufal b. 'Abdu Nusayb b.' Malik b. al-Ha b. Qays b.'Aylan; and kh Of B. Asad b. 'Abdu'l- Uzza b. Qusay> Khuwaylid b. Asad;Hati b. Abu Balta'a and Sa'd freedr an of Ha Miqdad b. 'Amr b. Tha'laba b. Malik b. Ral 'Amr b. Sa'd b. Zuhayr b. Thaur b. Tha'laba b. Ma Hail b. Qa'ish b. Duraym b. al-Qayn b. Ahwad b. Bal Haf b. Quda'a (417) and Dahlr b. Thaur; and 'Abdulla ijarith b. Shamkh b. Makhziim b. Sahila b. Kahil b. al zayma of al-Qara (418). Dhu'l-Shimalayn b. ', Ghubshan b. Sulaym b. Mallikan b. Afsa b. Hari Khuza'a {410) and Khabbab b. al-Arat. (420). T< b. 'Amir b/Amr b. BUb b. Sa'd" b. Taym (421). halaf. His nam was Bilal b. Rabah. He had no offspring; 'Amir b. hayr.( 4 22).nd -uhiiibh.Sinln from al-N.mr b. Qlsit (423) and T.lh. Tb.ydull.h h. I ,hnT,„ b. 'Amr b. Ka'b, to. 11= .. in Syria and did otted him a aha a in rhe boory a. he had done in rhe case of 'Ufhman. Of u.^ia'khzur 1 b. Yaqaza b. Murra: Aba Salama b. 'Abdu'I-Aaad mar b. M:ikli-f Harmiy b. 'Am ing AbO Jundu b. 'Abduflah b. 'Umar b. Makhaum; and 'Ammar b. air (425); and iV u'altib b. 'Auf b. 'Amir b. al-Fadl b. 'Afif b. Kulayb b. b. Ka'b b. 'Amr, an ally of rheirs from Khuza'a known 'Ayhflma. T.^ ihja', 'Umar'a fr edman from the Yaman (he was the first Muslim to fall t by an arrow.) (426); and 'Amr b. Sura,, b. Ana. Ml b. Quit . . . and hi. brother 'Abdullah , Waqid b. u Manaf b. 'Arin b. Tha'laba b. Yarbu b. Hanaala b. inlt b. Tamlm, an ally of theirs, and Kh.uliy b. Abu b. Abu Kbauliy, two allies of their. (427); and 'Amir Rabl'a, an ally o the family of al-Khattab from 'Anaa b. Wa'il (428) ; and b. 'Abdu Yalil b. Nashib b. Ghira of the B. Asad b. Qurl b. RivSh ! Rizah b. 'Adiy b. Ka'b who came from Syria after the : 'Uthman b. Maz'un b. Hab The Life of Muhamma thhi.f.AerSuh.yland when the people anofS„ha,l;.ndS.'db Kh.„la anally hr: AM 'Ubayda b. al- Hilal b. Uhayb b. Dab areih who was • HilllbUhayb, M ! 1 - ■ted .h.L in the boo,, ™ 83 men (430). il-Nu'man ; al-rJarith 'Abdu'l-Ashhal: Si anall, ,>l : Th Life of M uhammad Jib. I?n at b. Pubay IjLHhayr 1 Mulayl b.Zayc and Abu Mulayl Zavd b. al-'Aua al-Az'ar, &c. (438 Hunayf b b. al-'Ukaym b. Tha' Flarith b. wascal ed Bahzaj . Hanash b. &af b. 'Amr b. 'A ^BJ rnayyab Zayd . Malik: i\ ubashshir b. 'Abdu'l-Mundhir Zayd b. Sa'db._'Ubayd_ b.Qays b. Zaydb. (439) I 3 ,1 b. Al ;, ba>d I.K.J Hanthb.Hatibwc ent them back, putting t e former in charge shares in th r( 44 a). Total 9 me baydb. Zaydb Malik: V, ays b. Qatad yd:ol iliL-ir li;,:; iics: Ma'n : 'Adly b. al-Jadd Pubay' t b. Aqram b. Tha'laba b.'Adiyb.al-'Ajla 'Abdullah 'b. Ma rith b. 'Adly b. al-'Ajlan; Zayd Aslam b. Tha'laba Si. a;-'A:la: ; Rib'i b. Raft' b. Zayd b. rJarit b. al-Jadd 'Aato al.jaddb.al fight but t m back, aft booty. Tc tal7men Of B. T b. 'Auf: 'A dullah b. Ju l.'imyya . al-Bura k whn e name wa IimVul-Q ys b. Tha'laba; ai 'Asirti b. Qavs (440 : and Abu Dayyah b. Thlbit b. al-Nu'man b. L mayya, &c. ; and Abu Hanna (442) ; and Salim b. 'Umayr b. Thabit b. al-> Jubayr b. al-Nu'man whom the apostle gave a share of the booty Total Of B. Jahjaba b. Kulfa b. 'Auf b. 'Amr b. 'Auf: Mundhir b. Mur ammad b. 'Uqba b. Uhayha b. al-Julah b. al-Harish b. Jahjaba b. Kulf (444i; and of their allies from the B. Unayf: Abu 'Aqil b. 'Abdullah b. 1 ■■MU b. 'Abdullah b. Taym b. lush b. 'Amir h. 'L'mayla b. Qasmi! b. I Bali b. 'Amr b. al-I.Iaf b. Quda'a (445). Total a men. Of B. Ghanm b. al-Salm b. Imru'ul-Qays b. Malik b. al-Aus: Kl :■ ■ \:-:iik b. Ka'bh.al-Nahhat.b. Ka'l, b. b. Ghanm; and Mundhir b. Qudama b. 'Arfaja; and Malik b. Qu M5I.I 1, \,,m:,d ;1 an :.llv fmtn Muzavna: and al-Xu'man b. 'As. a - ,;;;;! Malik 1). Xumayiaanallyfro The total number of Aus who fought a Tilt Life of Muham nod . tpritht b. Tha'laba b. 'Am on B. Imni'ul-Qays b. MBi aarith b. al-Kh^- : ,. Z.,d !-. l-Q.y.;S.'db. Rablb. 'Aim b. Tha'laba b. Imm'ul-Qays Imru'ul-Qay h. Su *ayd b. Tha'laba b. 'Amr b Barith. b Imru'ul-Qa, z. ly d . Malik b. Tha'laba b. Ka'b . J-Kha, rej b. al-mrith al-kh lirb. Tha'laba b. ailaa b. Za .1 (448 and hi hrothc . 'Adly b b. al-Khazra b. al-Harith b. al-K Qays b. Un b- 'Adij Qays ther(44 9 );a .Ahmar ba b. Ka'b b. al- Qays b. B lalik b. asIbnF ■ Of ■i. Jusham b. a Khazraj an Zayd nth who h. Ju, "in broth ubaybb.M . Zayd b. Th a'laba b. 'A .hi b. 2 hiabn Vth 5 they allege; andSufyan b. Bash (451)- gJ .Jidarab 'Auf b. al-Harith b al-Khazra; Tamlm b. Ya'3 b. Qay, b. 'Adly b. Um vva lidam.'A ■ ( 45 2);Z 3 ydb. a , -Muz ■■■■< h j,d ™ (453) bdulhh b 'Urfuta b. 'Adiy b jid^ Tola! Of . al-Abja b. 'A f h. al-Harit b. al-Khaz illah b Rabi'b ally(+; 7 l. Total 6 men. Taj of the clan of B. al-'Ajlan b. 3hanm b. Salim b. 'Auf (458): The Life of Muhammad Qays b. Asram and his broth* The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad 33S b. Malik b. al-'Ajlan aba b. 'Amir (483) dKhulayfa( 4 8 4 )b. (473);andal-Dahhak Rati' b. al-Mu'alla b. Laudhan b. Haritha b. 'Adiy b. Zayd b. Tha'laba b. a (475); and 'Abdullah Of B. Najjar who was Taymullah b. Tha'laba b. of the clan of B. Ghanm b. Malik b. al-Xajjar of t Tha'laba b. 'Abdu *Auf b. Ghanm: AbQ Avviib "E^wLC Kulayb b. Tha'laba. Total I man. «k«» Mb.'AmirV.Hadidaj Ha»m b. Zayd b. Laudhan b. 'Amr; and Suraqa b. Ka'b b. 'Abdu'l- Uzza b. Ghaziya b. Of B. 'Ubavd b. Tha'laba b. Ghanm: Haritha b. al-Nu'min b. Zayd b. 'Abid ; and Sulaym b. Qays b. Qahd who was Kha lid b. Qays b. 'Abid b. Qays b. Abu Ka'b (+86). Total z men. . Zayd b. Umayya b. Of B. 'A'idh b. Tha'laba b. Ghanm ( 4 8 7 j Sujml b. 'A'idh; 'Adiy b. al~Raghba', an ally from Juhayna Of B. Zayd b. Tha'laba b. Ghanm: Mas'ud b. A. k Zayd; and Abii aba b. 'Amr b. 'Amir Of B. Sawad b. Malik b. Ghanm: 'Auf and Mu'a sons of al-Harith b. Rifa'a b. ^.^ac. by 'Afra (. V SS Had b. al-Hlirith b. Amir b.Zurayq (479): Sawad; and 'Abdullah b. (javs I,. Khalid b. Khala Mm Khiilid al-Harith 'Usayma an all> from Ashja': and Wadi'a b. 'Amr an all, from Juhayna; iil-'AjISn b. 'Amr b. 'Amir b. /uravc: Rifa'a b. Rati' b. al-'Ajlan Of B. 'Adiy b. 'Amr b. Malik b. al-Najjar (492): Aus b. I habit b. al- brothor KhallaJ; ana Thavd h. Zavd b. 'Amir b. al-'Ajlan. Mundhir b. Haram b. 'Amr b. Zaydu Manat b. 'Adiy; and Abii Shaykh men. Ubayy b. Thabit b. al-Mundbir b. Haram b. Zaydu Manat b. 'Adiy (493); Bayada b. 'Amir b. Zurayq: ZiySd b. Labld b. Tha'laba b. and Abu Talha who was Zayd b. Sahl b. al-Aswad b. Haram b. 'Amr b. . 'Amir b. 'Adiy b. Umayya b. Bayada; and Farwa b. 'Amr b. Zaydu Manat b. 'Adiy. Total 3 men. fa b' IE , Zavd . d-HashSs b. i i Sawad b. Ghaz" a b. Uhayb an ally •Amir b. Ghanm n b. Qay b. 'Abs • Haram (495); a h b. Tha'laba. Total 1 an ally {496). T OfB. al-Harith b. Fihr: Sahvan h. Bayda'. Toul 1, Grand total 6. Of the Helpers: of B. 'Amr b. *Auf: Sa'd b. Khaythama, and Muto Of B. a!-Harith b. al-Khazraj : Yazld b. al-Harith known as Ibn Fush Of B. Salaraa of the clan of B. Haram b. Ka'b b. Ghanm: 'Umay il-Humam. Total 1. Of B. Hablb b. 'Abdu Haritha b. Malik b. Ghadb b. Jusham: Ran a-Mu'allS. Total 1. Of B. al-Najjar: Haritha b. Suraqa b. al-Harith. Total 1. OfB. Ghanm b. Malik b. al-Najjar: 'Auf and Mu'awwidh the two son il-Harith b. Rifa'a by 'AW, Total 2, Grand total 8. Of B. 'Abdu Shams: Hanzaia b. Abu Sufyan (499); al-Harith b. al-Hadrami and 'Amir b. al-Hadram , two allies of theirs ( S oo); and 'Umayr b. Abu 'Umayr and his son wo freedmen of theirs (501); and 'Ubayda b. Sa'id b. al-'As b. Umay) a whom al-Zubayr b. al-'Awwam killed; and al-'As b. Sa'id whom All killed; and 'Uqba b. Abu Mu'ayt whom 'Asim b. Thabit killed (502); a! d 'Utba b. Rabi'a whom 'Ubayda b. al-Harith killed (503); and Shayba . RabTawoomtfamza killed; and killed while other S3) :■ .. ■ lied hin Totals. Of B. Asad b. b.al-Aswad(504) ; an b. Zama'a (505) 'Uqayl h. a! -As Rid {506); and Abu who was al-'As killed (507); and waylid \ ho was b. al-'Adawiya and so were called 'the ^tnH^ .';.': e apostle b. 'Abd ra" (508); and Zayd Manaf( 5 o 9 ). Total ;» Of B. Taym 1 M Uthman( 5 io);and'L Malik whom Suh yb died. Total a. Of B. Makhzu Yaqaaa Abu Ja il b. Hisham (Mu'ad b The Life of Muhammad and Yazid b. 'Abdullah an ally fr ami .Tamim (j,.); and Ah MusatV al-Ash'ari, an ally ( 5 u) , ally (;,-,); an b.AbOUmayyafstaJi nd Abu Q (5,5); and Ab Qayab. al-Fakih (5,6); and Ri 'a 1,. Abf » (5-7)1 b. Abu Ri«'a( S i8);and-Abd hi (S.9 STib ( 5 ao); and al-A. H.jib b. al-Sl'ib (s„) b. al-S lb (saa)i and Sufyim;and Jlbirb. St van, two dues fromja Ti'(S»3)- Tot. ' 7 .' Of B. Juntaht Urn a- ( 5 a 9 ). TotaH AbO Sufyan ■bQ'i-'A, b. The Life of Muhammad 339 u Shams nephew of Ghazwan b. Ja Mansur; and Abu Thaur, an ally. u'l-Dar b. Qusayy: Abu 'Aziz b. 'U d al-Aswad b. 'Amir, an ally. They r, an ally of theirs b. 'AbduVUzza b. Qusayy: al-Sa'ib n. Shammakh an ally. 3.' 'Uthman (534) b. ughlra b. 'Abdullah b. 'Umar; and \bu Hudhayfa b. and 'Uthman b. Su'ayd b. Sa'd who was the hret [ MUlikb. 1Mb. 'Amir! 3. From B. al-IIimh h. 1'ihr: al-Tufayl b. Abu Quna, The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad Hamza b. 'Abdu'l-Mutalib (537): Surely one of time'* wonder^ (Though roads to death are plain to see) la that a people should destroy ihcrotehc. . The night they all set out for Badr We had sought but their caravan, naught eb d Shayba among the slain thrown in the well ; t noble women of Lu'ayy b. GhSlib On the day of the well tl Help, O Lu'ayy, pr< . flying as they glitter. Am,! I)hiri-Hijl j and Ibn Jud'an alsc With burning throats in mourning g (For error has ways eas'yTadopt)" Too occupied to rage furiously again The Life of Muhammad ti Jud'an, thcprai^v.wti ii: That you 'will not n-< with. Till we slake our v isr Our horses snortin ToTook for help b I fortune was plainly due to A , sons of Rabl'a', best fighters against o generous flarith, whose face shone : full moon illuminating night; With us was God's apostle with Aus n Like a strong impregnable fortress The tribes of Banu Najjar beneath his Advancing in light armour while the d e AbG'l-Walid and his family, rlassan b. Thabit al-Ansari a: The Life of Muhammad s plenty of camels; ring to fight in tl iword blades driving o t ,-y rtsolun- chief before estry is vindicated without search™ When you rode a swift-footed noble The BanQ Asad And they returned a shattered force ; Banfl Jumah rushed headlong to disaster 2 because of their unlucky We killed Abu Jahl and 'Utba before him *« And Shayba fell fonv.u ,\ « ti, his hands outstretched ] ( The mean n™ 1 inevitably meets humiliation). We killed Suwayd and 'Utba after him They were conquered and slain at Badr, When they met us at Badr (544). """"•'•" etion b ZTS,";™*^ rth'th.'," i ] !t ' a san also said* fo ght their enemies (546): eceu. about n.- Swarming with the black-mailed squad ■"*' It will make distant m And 'Utba's eldest so Sit c pit. *d with it. Who march boldly in the middle of th beaten nek. WUhHraSfanione like the most be n.ifnl tatues ssfSST™, ,.Js-: ta - ' ISES ^£'Z1 * h "*" Mltotb.,™ Till their fat, eame upon them ( 547 ). .owledge thereof), The Life of Muhammad Orer lU'b, (hough it see. them not. Fate de?troyed°them™,h,y tavirj "•"— torn, (that :r (to each other)? We anion*; Quraysh have done o great wrong His door is thronged by those. Aseaofgeneraity, vast, unf.il well and tmly. irIrb.,l-Kh,t t .b.l-Fih,.l.n,en ing Abu Jahl .a wi:,.;°„:,ui«,trriS, „ of the night! And high renown— no man of sei U-tfarith b. Hisham, bewailing his When daylight comes once more My eye is weary of remembering 'Amr ( 549 ). 12 The Life of Muhammad The Life of Tell Quraysh that the beat of their company, I &» the well, the well of Badr, I swear that my eyes shall never weep for any man What friends of the noble Abii Now Abu'l-Hakam our chief is slain. I weep for him whose death brought sorrow to Lu'ayy b. Ghalib, To whom death came at Badr where he remains. No lion lurking in the valley of Blsha, Where through jungled vales the waters flow, .!umt -Dismount" I said that victory will be yours Men of eminence, successful it Outweighing the nobility of others The Life of Muhammac n and spearmen (; 5 i).' 1 M i. b M, h I I r t \[ 1] I R. MakhzSm (553), passed Hubayra b. Abu Wahb as they were running away on the day of ; (Mua M a)p k dthcfoUowing Tell Mfdik, when we were attacked, For you, O Malik, know of me; Tell Hubayra of us if you meet him, That when I was called to Ufayd 1 Old friends and mother's kindred. So that is your brother, B. Lu'ayy, And that is Malik, O Umm 'Amr, ! for d hyaenas, Their faces t I swear by h .1 by tl ronsK f^hinn^l n K sword winch for a fortnight. y bound with cords (555). My resolution si ~ "" help alone from al-Abw; And God's help and a well-conceived When the freezing wind forces dogs to shelter (556). re°turn C 'd(homer For every man has a friend to avenge (557). She also said: AlLlH ilUll MuTL-.viyLl! ("^) The Life of Muhammad rjarith b. al-Muttahb a Mourn him for the night travel Qutayla d. al-Harith, sister of al-I The Life of Muhammad n Dhu 1 Hma I I yed only seven nights in Medina bef i mixed rabble of Jurhum'. I no more than (spending) part of th The Life of Muhammad e affair of the li. Qaynuqa'. The apostle : Tin ?U- v>. 'Ikrima from Ibn 'AH* Hid me that the latte, ■aid the f allowing verses CI, , ,f Cod; the other, saw double their own forte with their very cy, His help whom He will. Verily in that is an exc tt nd gathered to th t : (Jurnvsh. s.ttiru^lmhcy vcn^hc-i-i. w,lli 'Asim b. ■ Umar b. Qatida said that the B. Qaj Zt™t : the first of the good-bye The Life of Muhammad 3 6 S l^Ashraf who was one of the Tayyi' of the subsection B. an J went to Mci.c;! to suy willi ;ii-~\h;ttalih b. -■ ,1-SahmT who vsas married lo 'Atika d. Abu'l-'Js place in Najd, is as follows : "° w m f an * °f the^meto were'slain 'Ka'b b. al-Ashra! is utterly dejucud'. .d the other, did not attain (,»eh honour) » those IflKitb ibn Hi.h.m For only the noble, han Escaped and fled away (574). ,ents of B. Umayv., b. Z.,, J, „!!„! J-VMra answered K,'b( S75 ): They would know for certain and t Ka'b b. al-Ashraf answered her: who loved me sincerely? of people whose gloryi, ,'1-F.dl d. al-Hirith, s; see the sun rise at night till I saw her self to us in the darkness of the night!) nl, apart from what was absolutely neeessary. Wh of this he summoned him and asked him why he h Silkan returned to his compani him and met the apostle (576). The Life of Muhammad ; O God help them.' So saying, he , 'IiyGod, I cat, feel evil in his The. Life of Muhammad SH:; z£i d toKa'b nheSentSe m ,i yby , light MaS ■A him an i brought him down -orthy, bold (577). ,w,,hgui: ling the killing of ri'l-Huqayq, said 3 o, Ibnu'l u met, Ibnu'MJi ™, T. a, di-:;.: with their light swo Until the- , -nu.il' death with S adly swort 1«, prophet Counting ; .heir lives and wealth as nothi »P (578). OF Ml'HAYYISA AND HUWAYY any Jew that fall, into your power. taptuponlbnSuna;,,. (57,), a]cv other replied, laughter of It would not i-l,.,,, ,,„ ,„ kill you voluntarily Though we owned all Arabia from north to south (580). After his arrival from Bahrin the apostle stopped for the mom latter JumaJi, K.jib, Sh.t'b.in, and Ramadan (in Medina). Quia The Life of Muhammad So Qnray w ui'ora SuntiHta tailed at 'Aynayn on." ■ll»' ii 1» il, -i,>. .thei ■.'■<« L haves »■„(„, a Jn-i m) something thsttaagun thought that they should not go out lo ii 1 1 I a,,,: ;h<- [1 hamuli disliked t!u- idea of having ll„- city. Some men whom Cod honoured with cowardly and too weak to fight them.' 'Abdullah said, 'O apostle of God, The Life of Muhammad lelp from our allies, the Ws?' He: e flight of birds, said to the own. ~ 1, but I The Life of Muhammad 373 blind man is blind of heart, blind of sight.' Sa'd b. Zayd, brother of B. 'Abdu'l-Ashhal, rushed at him before the apostle had forbidden this and The apostle went on until he came down the gorge of Uhud on the high towards Uhud and said, 'Let none of you fight until we give the word.' Now Quravsh had let their camels and horses loose to pasture in some ( :ra P s which were in al-Samgha, a part of Qanat belonging to the Muslims. the crops of the B Q jl to be gr zed on will 11 The apostle drew up his troops for battle, about 700 men. He put over the archers 'Abdullah b. Jubayr brother of B. 'Amr b. 'Auf who was dis- The Quraysh mustered [ah!. [M. The apostle wore ti ■1 [he began to walk to the fight saying: The Life of Muhammac ; ( ,ple sinw I left them.' Then he fought with all his might, The Life of Muhammad you son of .ft :mal,ci,comciser, ' an<1 m ^vdinTntil I wL° rrfthlfi! ill '■'!■ '^"j"^ ^iHSH Ynlir from J. 'Ubaydullah 1 ^Sriii s b. Rabl'a b. al-Harith from Sulayman b. ack we passed by Hims where Wahshi had rived there 'Ubaydullah said to me, "Shall a man said to js, "You will find him in the courtyard of his house. He is a icked* me with your feet when I lifted you up to her. By G, hat we had come to hear his account of how he killed Han it Badr, and when Quray'ah set out forUhud, Jubayr told :ountrymenintheuseofth t. When the fight began I ■word, none being able to resist "him, and" by God, I was le might come near me, when suddenly Siba' got to hir The Life of Muhammad , If I killiid him, then I have killed the best man When he came to Medina the men said '0 apostl rer to me than the killing of a thousand unbelieve ie black' slave has killed him' (590). rtus'ab b. 'Umayr fought in the defence of the ed.' The one who killed him was Ibn Qami'a al-La to the Quraysh anc dse prophet, lord say lima standing luhainsimd.' When Mus'ab was killed Ul, and 'Ali and the Muslims fought on (591). ,bu'I-Aqlah fought and killed Musafi' b. Talha and 1 ken God to v, epolytheists: rould never touch ipm-itj i;q.-l [y heart had been seared and scarred. ' hey relin-J their (Mwcan) vagabonds dead' Then God sent down His help to th >mise. They slew the enemy with the swoi yahya b. 'Abbad b. 'Abdullah b. al-Zuba (T. riukin?; for the spoil}. Thus they opened our rear to the cavalry a lave of B. Abu T^lha, That fighting us the day we met Itgldd'enedtlK ■ * I„ 1 . , ' I ' Though th<:y mt.- noi reddened by dye (507I. The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad 3 When 'Ada! were driven to us ° n ^* b ' Sence of the apostle. He said, 'I hi They were like fawns of Shirk' b ' Abu " ,U| ; , V. r[iay my f athe r and i With strongly marked eyebrows. see " ir " *" '"f ™ m » ^V would even hand me m ' ■•'. ai ' We attacked them thrusting, slaying, chastising, BHoot with that" ' '^'standard '^'"" b ' " Umar b ' Qatld . a Sa ' d that th - C ap ° StIe V, '? t .° n ^f^A % They would have been sold m the markets like chattels. his ^"""^ '[ . ; ' thlfit lay mjpZltvQan his che Muslims were put to flight and the enemy slew many of them. It 'A im told m 1 1 red it to its place with his hand an. ay of trial and testing in which God honoured several with martyr- became his best and kccntsl eye afterwards. mil the enemy gm at ih<- apostle -.slid «as bit with a stone so that Al-Qasim b. 'Abdu'l-Rahman b. Rati', brother of the B. 'Adly b. I , i I 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 th men of the Mu he fell on his side and one of his teeth was smashed, h: 3 face scored, and hi Humayd al-Tawil told me from Anas b. Malik: 1 was broken on the day of Uhud and his face was scor, :d. The blood bega: can a people prosper who have stained their prophet's face with blood whil he summoned them to their Lord ?' So God revealet is not your affair whether He relents towards them t r punishes them, fo they are wrongdoers' 1 (598). When God recompenses a people for their deed And the Rahman punishes them 3 May my Lord disgrace you, Ttayba 1,. Malik. al-Sakan with five of the Ansar arose. (Others say it was 'Umara i b. al-Sakan.) They fought in defence of the apostle man after being killed until only Z L> a,l (or Tro.u,) u. ls left fighting until from himt t^^S»Oj off a camel's back whe^t shakes itself (602).) and idi ir2')Z horse (603). Now Ubayy, according to what Salih b. Ibrahim b. *Abdi,'! lU^rr, h. ' \v.: "-U ":,. ■■■!,:.■:; : used tome et^ne I'araVdingl^The aysde^swwed/KM shall' kill y>n if I 1 ill? Now when" he returned to Quraysh he had a slight scratch on his neck. They answered, 'By God! You have lost heart. You are not hurt.' He The Life of Muhammad The Life of Mufiammc ■J 383 " d n. ™ b " of emignme. fought until ,h< y droy. , them down ,h. "The apostle D tade for a rock on the mountain t Jelimb it. He had become heavy b, reason o. T.I ,a b. -Ubaydunab Yahyab.'Ab! >ad b. 'Abdullah b. al-Zubayr frc lah b. al-Zubayt '■Talha earned irdtwaytatht'aplue'nb he apostle (606).'" b. Qat! b. Labid tofd m s that when the apo.lk went out 11 ,1 1 1 Hudhayfa said,'MayGoc rough for me (to hat, hit,,) t! >bbed this man of his life by your deception (and brought great :alled Quzmiin. The apostle wed to ^wL he wu mentioned, longs to the people of hell." On the day of Uhud he fought fiercely led seven or eight polytheists single-handed, he being a stout The Muslims began to say to him, "You have done gallantly, Quz- of my people; but for tha.t I should not have fought." And when apostle and fought with him until in: was killed. I have heard that the stle said, 'Mukhayriq is the best of the Jews.' .I-Ihlni.h h. Suwaydb.Samit was a hypocrite, lie wont out with tin: night return to his people, The Life of Muhammad i that it was the lat Muslim. Then I to< until 1 met the fate you see.' Soon after .en they mentioned him to the apostle he said, 'Verily, he eople of paradise.' 1 I II I I 1 i like sons who .lie apple's battles. On the day of LJhud they wanted to sons wanted to keep him back and prevent I . od, I hope to tread the heavenly garden despite my lame- U said, '( i ( ,d has e, ( used }ol! . a,J JUuld Is not incumbent ls ^ <,rL: - Ik-' san!, "ton ih.-lJ iki! prevail liim ; perhaps God stopped to mutilate the apostle's dead companions. They . [ilia: God brought on you in the early dawn When Hli-sylii! and war father planned t( 386 The Life of Muhammad Hind d.*Utba also said: I slaked my vengeance on Hamza at Uhud. This took from me what I had felt Salih b. Kaisan told me that he was told that 'Umar sai Ibn al-Furay'a (609), I wish you had heard what Hind sa itoHa a**,' O hat their ' 'he Life of Muhamm I will fight them.' 'All sai towards Mecca. (T. The Medina.) The people searched k SSSs was then chief of the black troops, . : ■' In as he was striking be chief of Quraysh acting tin* with 'his dead cousin as you see?' He said, 'Confound you. Keep the matter quiet, for it was a slip.' /ou by us belter 584 'Mother, the apostle orders you to go back.' She said, 'Whv; I that my brother has been mutdated and thai for God's sake ['J im he told him to leave her alone ; so she rame at Hamza and prayed over him and said, 'We bdon R «> Cod ,w tfaklm b. Hakim b. 'Abbad b. Hunayf from a mat, of the B. 'Abdu'l- aye been a real help by your presence" ' (614). fouelil v.tII with you' (616). .. Kharija b. Zayd b. Th§ about eight I" The Life of Muhammad were concealin 'When two parties of you thought they would fail,' the two parties were the B. Salima b. Jusham b. al B3ritha b. al-Nablt of al-Aus, they being the two win The Life of Muhammad le of life and ward off evil 'God helped you at Badr when you were contemptible, so fear God that you may be thankful,' i.e. fear Me, for that is Gratitude for My kindness. 'God helped you at are steadfast and lat they hoped to attain (622). .vith My jmlecnientof My slaves exec cs sins but God ?— and have not persisted in their actions knowingly,' they have acted unseemly or wronged themselves by disobedience, ■emember God's prohibition and what He has declared evil, and ask eness, knowing that none can forgive sins but He. 'And have not th whichran rivers, in which they will abide for ever— a fine reward rial (nf the raillOtl glory and kingdom an 'so'vere" but by God's permissio ,:H: : The Life of Muhammad The Life of 1 luhamm,,,! I mine in the time in which I let tbem get the better of you to test you from Me to you that he would die and leave you ? 'to ihrwe who fear,' i.e. to those who obey Me and know My command- 1)11 11 ha e the victory 'if you believe,' i.e. if you had believed in what My prophet brought from Me, 'If you have revived n shock the (Meecan) arrnv We alternate among men,' i.e. we change them among men for trial and search; 'and that Uod may know those who believe and may choose between believers and hypocrites and to honour some ot the faithful will, martyrdom. 'And God loves not wrongdoers,' i.e. the hypocrites who pro- disbelievers,' i.e. brins; l<> naught what the h\ pneriu-s sav vhIi iht-ir toiifjnes i your eyes!' i.e. death by swords in the hand! of men with back on your heels and you \ ■ou. 'And Muhammad is notliiny but an apostle ; apostles have best ° f helpers.' If what yo tiled' and their flight thereat and breaking away from their they associated with Me thai as you once were and abandon the fight with your enemy, and Me and follow My c ma 'Then after grief He sent < . (This has happened) tl M,' i.e. plea.e Him rather than men. 'God 1.™ If Cod !„■[,.,, „„„„„e en o, coo,™ you ; if Ho lor.uke after can help yc " ' Then He said: 'It is not for any prophet rophet .<„,...„ Tht Life of Muhammad mentioned the o.ta.trophe that befell them: 'And it God has brought them The Life ./«.k~( n that the apostle swor Waq h and \n I 1 Husayl b. libit Abu Hudh.yfa who wa. al-Yamin (the Mu.li .l.ye'tS Sayfl and B.b.b son. of Q.yzi; and 'Abbid h. mriihh.A,M..Mo.'JJh. Total 12. Of the men of Batij : : Iyas b. Aus b. 'Atlk b. 'Ami b. 'Ab >. al-tf anth b. Qay The Life of Muhammad 403 mm b. Salim ;al-Mujadhdhar b. Dhiyad, an ally from ). Sha'ub al-Laythl killed (627). 2. • AmT b a |_J a wiuh. 4. Sayd: Unays b. Qatada. 1. of B . Saw3d "],. Gianni Tha'laba b. 'Am: b. 'Auf: Abu Hayya, brother to Sa'd b. Khay- 'Antara; and S;,l,l b. Qavs 1 >y his mother (628); and 'Abdullah b. Jubayr b. ai-Nu'man who f B. Zunnq h. ' \:- : .,, : Qays and his son Qays (630) ; and Thabit b. *Amr b. Zayd ; and 'Amir b. f the Quraysh from B. <Abdu'!-Dar b. Qusav; Of B. Mabdhfll: AbQ Hubayra b. al-IJarith b. 'Alqama b. 'Amr b. SKilled fandAoQ Sa'Id b! AbuTafha w him T nf Sh? "i*iJS ■ t^h ' « qi T b ' -Amr ' 2 ' < 6 3 6 > ; an,] ' ' Ulhm3n b - AbQ Talha whom Har WLlhb ii 'Uzza- lu Shir.ihHlb. HSshimb.'Abdu 'ab an Abyssinian slave of his also killed'by Quzma ihurayh b. Hashim b. 'Abdu Manaf whom Quzma: l-'Uzza b. Qusayy: 'Abdullah b. flumayd b. Zuhay :>: Abu'l-Hakam b. al-Akhnas b. Shariq b. 'Amr b lid al-Khudri (633); and Sa'Td b. Malakln b. Afs5— an ally from Khuza'a whom Ham?a ' u 'hZ T 'a ° f B ' MakbQm •>- Yaqaza: Hish5m b. Abu 1™, ha'laba k Sa'd 3 b. Malik b. Khalid ST ^T" kU,ed ; a " d a! ". W f Id b " al "' A ? b ' Hbh Thus God kiiled on the day o: Sently now, blame mc not help the 15. Ka'b as they Which Ihey beheld when their outposts had drawn togethei The B. al-Najjar's bird of death bemoaned them. Split open (by the chicks) and cast aside; Hell was their meeting -place, killing what they met with. Yo.i eolUied them, black slaves, men of no descent, O leaders of infidels whom tln-ir msuicnt ones deceived. Why did you not learn from those thrown into Badr's pit Slain by God's horsemen? Many a captive's forelock did we, his masters, cut! (641) Have Ghassan heard about us though Our warriors who fight ft The Life oj Muhammad When s ruler of o. In'SonunTtte', "ii !„ Harb ha. col SdttoCta wXgh,them;n" Id "Id "again When they made the 'Why do we plant gn Among us was God's apostle n'Ird'onrlea The'spMt'rfcsc'ids' nhim roTu.Tori To draw near to a King by Whom he ' They were three thousand while rehing for you at nightfall. ra, 1 yet a party went after you Like the mouths of < The Life of Muhammad bduliah b. al-Ziba'ra: (To good and evil there is an end and both befall men. Every e'omfonable anTpIea'ant life amies to an end And.h.bl^soffat.-playuithusall.) The Life of Muhammad attacked you boldly :t objects (F)m the plai, d we filled its heights ami depths engthened by Gabriel's help who c rill at last the King summoned Died unflinchingly in God ey saw us th . earth would s ilk. teldsweJ oughb mph; swift death t the slain of 1, hya vultures lighting on Najjar on ■veryh ight s they would have left Ahm >s maL- vou long for Ummu' ■f-TU/a hy their people? Hi s n Ii it ] 1 11 u. On I „ 1 „ (The loyal and the disloyal slave are never equal) When the cavalry wheeled between the slope a The voices of your wraiths calling for vengean And a horseman, his forehead split by a sword Uv rlu-- w L . help God when 1 Ik- helps us Iwen ii things ,r, re-Hole, O Quraysh. Jkniion n.i. the slain sine, I.I.i,n/.i is amoni- il iTiu eon-.mand of Him who decrees is swift). The Life of Muhamtm d of as long as leaves fall. When they walked like sandgrouse plainly (647). If Ibn Harb escaped with the skin of his teeth (And God's will must be done) it gave him discernment Had you come to the bottom of the torrent bed A swift stroke would have met you on the valiey side. Bands of men round the Prophet would have confronted you With breastplates prepared for war, >. al-'As: As the camels' white foals walk i in I saw war's flames leaping over the fire stones Or as lions walk in a covert wett ihing the squadrons flaying men with their heat 1 Brought by the north wind from Quraysh (the best word is the truest and truth is always accep- That the consequence will be borne (by the tribe). : we killed your best men, the standard-bearers, None blames him and none evades his share of the, penalty.' The Life of Muhammad The daily sun surpasses her in naught My iraclc was oriilor a- Jfihiyatu'l-Jaulan They weep sadly li J by p i topped by slices carved from its fat, lavishly generous, The Life of Muhammad Who helped the prophet and sought martyrdom. To still the burning choking within her bread And of the well of Badr when Gabriel and Muha So that I saw their best men with the prophet in One killing and one pursuing whom he pleased. And Ibnu'l-Mughlra whom we smote above the i Reduced the pride of Umayya al-Juimi^ The Life of Muhammac ■. polytheists came to you like ru: :, Safiya, be not weak. (Crowds' took refuge in our sheite, From distress in years of famine) With patience and generosity towai Those whose ways we have always One who saw the place where the < In slaughter, severity, I Do we not tighten the Until she yields her mi The Life of Muhamt A ay in which fighting is contimio Te nhn,, burning those who kind gl i ! »,n» 1 m,'v,i„; K ]„ ll t i K iu Fear of it keeps the base-born away h silent fine blood-stained swon Wl eh grow not blunt nor buckle e autumn lightning in the hands Ih rwhehuing in blood heads that t fathers taught us how to strike Th stvordsmanship U o7he n roes and t h. Wl e he^?a^s^er^to e ,nhe S ri^Wm ;odly faithful one (650). God's party and the men of polytheism and idols (651).' 'Abdullah b. Rawlha said (653): 'Is that slain man Hamzaf' Abu Ya'la, 2 your j-ilkirs > The Life of Muhammad ■■■ To fight for t n, m'thc ura have fallen eft waiting for m the truth. ingly (653). irar b. al-Khajfab As though pain w Parted by distance Or is it because § c-plnsn. n They cease not fr lib, Go -!:; ™ "j^"" 1 brought out a people from The Life of Muhammad pas. away (656). Safiya d. 'Abdu'l-Mu t tahb That is what we hope 1 helper a, he wa.! (657). ven a gteet tg that will not be rejected ,;;:;~;i;|;™ Thtown M fi b i' edtfi"£e ■complaine fcdlbnjah h and rejoiced at hi. death d Ibn Qao, men escape us and got qu ckh away. when the polytheists wit from whom I sought ver The Life of Muhammad lllowing MS of his companions ..Marthad b. Abu Marthad al-G i ally of Hamza; Khalid b. al-Bukayr al-Laythi, an ally of B. ' Imr b. 'Auf ; Zayd b. al-Dathinna b. Mu'ai I fight though I leave a mother, cold (660). Sulafa d. Sa'd b. Shuhayd. Khubayb an, for'Uqba b. Safwan b. Urr UmayY.ib. Khali -ought him out oft ni's tarlh thai could be eaten (at o take it to him when 1 thought, ' killed him, God pity him. Mu'awiya b. Abu Sufyan used to say: 'I was present ground out of fear of Khubayb's curse.' Thn used to Yahva b. 'Abbad b. 'Abdullah h. al-Zuhavr troir, I, concerning Tqba 1.. al-Hanlb said: 'I heard him say, " Tkt f.if,- of Muhammad ,an was subject to seizures. During one of his visits '1 ^onVofZse'whovvL'presentwhen^utayb^ Ihubayb was 'Abbas, or from 5a atine. I did Marthad and 'Asm 3od by fighting in His wa v and d.iir.jj what 1 It rtquinrd until thtv yavc up i this is that of Khulmbb.'AdTy when he heard hat the people had gathe red to crucify him (667): The Life of Muhammad Nor despair, for 'tis to God I return. What ails thine eye that its tears cease For Khubayb the hero, no coward wh' Then go, Khubayb, may God reward What will you «,, wheTthc prtrptot • Generous by nature of i of the people, a hawk whose unci, Dayb, you would have had a, pacio, ■e been confined by E „arJs in prise b. 'Abdollah b. Abii Qays h. 'Abdu \ i, ally of B. Zuhra; 'Ubayda b. Hal ,ger. Hndh.,1 took no pains „„,„, also mUs rISIl'Tr'o'.iSni them % G °<>. Hndhayl do not know God curs V they killee ! ;: For the < ,'lo"Lm lis; the t'l ' .opleofob, 'iOtobayb 6 ',»; e height, (of heaven) great g.inet he. Suluym o: 'I'-awa. Ri'l, li:l- i l.)hak\v:1n, :v:J ih L -i agrc ,g of Qanat when two men in the shade (676). Now The Life of A. lulled ti is (the result of) hiu.tl ,ip between heaven and earth when h« w the sky receive him?' They answered, 'It wa: ma b. Malik b. Ja'far told me— Jabbar was amonj By God he has won."' :iting B. Abu Bara' against 'Amir b. al-Tufayl, a l-Kadhm there e Life of Muhammad [, with"the prophet? ■taved infamously. Bara )] he attacked 'Amir b. al-Tufayl and stabbed him with m . i-j-cai but he fell the work of AbS'l-Bari' ; if I die my blood (1 give) ,r it: if I live I will see to leofTV to killed Naff b. Budayl b mbercd Abu'l-Rayyan 1 whs 'Abdullah b. Rawaha mourning Nan' b. Budayl God have the mercy on Nlff b. Budayl Enduring, truthful, faithful, ■k the reward of jihadl a his end steadfastly! The Life of Muhammad and B. 'Amir. When tin- ,tpos nitty of k. Whv ■:.,•,) arc \.hi l. .ut;-- -!,-,■. n :v- J ::::'m":i! -ul;:;-!!,- Abdullah b. Ubayy b. Salfj] and Wadl'a and Malik b. Abfl Qauqa! a of Liu-;- ,, The Life of Muhammad ■ women of B. Ghifar. (Thcv wcntl with sisdi never been seen marn ml,,- , ; - their d.ivs. They left their property to the apostl .liilnaSimakb.Kharashacompi them some. Only two of B. al-XaJir K-csr Abu Ka'b b. 'Amr 1 b. Jihash and Abu Sa*d One of Yamin's family told me that the a Thereupon Yamin gave a man money to kill him, or so they allege. i not God pres , 'andinthenex said, I am quit of you. I fear Allah the Lord of 656 hrnent of both is that they will be in hell ever- (683).) Who^oTce'd the f™Z settle in a distant plae (A friendly tribe is not 1 o The Life of Muhai Helped by the Holy S In accord with God's decree (684). To Adhri'St 1 riding pillion Sammak the Jew an wered hta: ThaT ou Hled'li .'bbTl/hraf Haply time and t isgXSk Md™°eurt.gd i„r, d hi h pir.' The) aid A t He said, 'Nay, but I've brought the truth, He who follows it will be rifib-ly guided The Life of Muhammad I -stroked for their crimes' Walking softly as he looked at them. ? The Life of Muhammad Large-eyed like the gazelles of Tabala; Maidens that would bewitch one calmed by muc When one seeking hospitality came they would Don't think me a client of Salam b. Makhzum Nor of rfuyayy b. Akhjab. 2 You weep bitterly over the Jewis! Why do you not weep o'ei ,u,ih ,Mth solace (over others)? for you" pe'ople, seeking The life of Muhammad joyed favours al The Life of Muhammat After i —i of Jumiitia. Then lie raiaea i\aja mamng ,, „f Gluten 16S7), i.mlil he topped at Naklit. itu'l-Riqa'. There ,1 lar^ forte of GhmafSr, w : orces approached one another, but no fight 11 Rabfu'l-Akhirand part of Jumada. Then he raided^Kajd nuking for Muharib U " This was the raid of Dkiui 1-Ki.]. encountered. The two forces ap (T. Muhammad b. Ja'fa Rahman from 'Urwa b. at-Z™,- apostle to Najd until at Dhatu'1-Riqa' he met a number of Ghat afar. le t Then of! fad ;mber God's favour to you when a people purposed azld b. Ruman told me that this came down in refer. jaL b r- ,i elife )!-, b 'Abdullah said •jostle to therado Dhlni rfN'akhlonano bd.md ,i,l.he C .p .St!™ T,"™ 1 waadAedm iavc wisely.' When wu got to S itfhtctvd ami m- ,ruyr,l there Itome. She said 'Look alive ar il-Harr^ [My unch] 1 Sad^a b. Yasar from 'Aqll b. JShir from jfihir 7Ac Li/e 0/ Muhammad Nakhl and a man killed the wife of one of the polytheis of the night. He said that he would li t out and laid it down a ,1,^(691).' itofJumada'l-ul a ,JumSdri- answered, 'No, by < Kta.il pLedby. stayed by the shallow well eight nights IfwemeetQaysb . ImruVl-Qay His black fan.' will Take Abu Sufyan stTaTaVlot" ime baSufyanb.al-Ha rithb.'Abdu'I -Muttaliban O Hassan, son of a mouldy date- sating woma. I swear that we so traversed wid« ; deserts HaJtheyXdTrorr . . : .. '^^-r!»! M would ha' And what they tTO i on they drov e into the so mi Rioi^in them, but that is the right of others, 'he horsemen of the sons of Fihr b. Malik. The Life of Muhammad ATTLB OP THE DITCH,' A.H. 5 Wa'il went to Quraysh at Mcce.i an the apostle so that they might get rid of hit at or is his?' They replied His bounty has brooght t, ■official for°(the"bominE.')' iropany of Jews went off to Ghatafan of Qays 'Aylln an ■poatle arid told thero that they would act wit !t Quraysh had followed their lead io the matter; so they to Ghatafan led by Uyay The Life of Muhammad a to go and would get it, and when he had cat mid return to the work he had left becaose o believers: 'They only are the believers whobe, mess of (heirs, give le.u e to whom thou wilt oft! jrtliem. God is forgiving, merciful." Tins pa* those MnJ.ms who desired the good and respe ,11 them' (606). ^ 'Verily to God belong heaven and ear d (He knows) the cUy tb»y yrill be Ktomld'to Him'w, natme^'tarT °° e ° f "* M ™" mS """' ! "'* y '"'" t '< He changed his name from Ju'ayi to 'Arm is thoogh it were soft sand so that it could not laughter of] iy uncle 'Abdullah b.Rawal The Life of Muhammad .°Thcn be told t On the n authority I w«. told: We worked wt.h the apostle ..he trench. Now I hid a l.ttle « Mly <■'"• ""> *"'" ' k '>!'Z h < " ™" W h ' , good thing to dree, it for the apostle, ^."^"^^/"^""j Ufc7tte awtk.'mL Bight am. and the .po.tle wu about to leave the bloTttat Vghming showed beneath the piek. Tbj. happened . . a third time. I said: 'Oyou, dearer^ than f » h «.^ "^e.a'id" *ill not conquer a city whose keys God d the trench, Quraysh came a The Life of Muhammad ,;>, and gave ord " P The enemy of Cod Hoy: al-Qurazi who had made to see I ^tecatsl i treaty. ■[!■■. (iways found him loyal and faithful. 1 Huyayy kepi on wheedling Ka'b unti it last he gave way in giving him a solemn promise that if Quraysh ant il-Qara' i.e. (It is) like the treachery of 'Adi 454 The Life of Muhammad and^iTaffect bowls" vfamongthe'ai »»""»* Qusyahr bro iZ'f-.t Aus b. Qays r,',m".» metnihe privy!' (698). Itre Ii. Hirith. b. .1-1.1,, ,tb. -.1 nearly a men s£! S^iSst to what 'As f™^ essed hard upon the people at b. Qatada and one whom "y££\ .. Him b. s. Muslim b. 'Ubaydullah b. people were , rolytheists and idolaters, not serving Goc nor know it hoped to eat a single date (T. of ours) by purchase. „„„,,. ,,s l„,-, ,us by you, are we to give them our prop erty: lit between us^ SSSS^S «g The siege , :ontinued without any actual fighting, bu, Quraysh, am , 'Amir b. Lu'ayy; 'Ikrima b. Abu Jahl ,f Makhzum; Pirlr b. al-Khattib the poet ; of B. Kinana, saying, 'Prepare for fightin re true knights today.' They galloped §1; which the Ar lbs have never employed!- (700). ("hmi. ,ugh which the was disable dby IzB t (the rest of) them rr %ht ss 'S" n.n <rf Qu igent stopped he c that he 'Then I : Til -them. -Alt wen ?™, P Th=, find to islam,' He I E'i; it I Ur.r.1 '-o k ■ndfT. or ESI sSSSS ['UIk < fought, ■ ■ m, it? Can't y : him, but he told 1 his challenge taunt The Life of Muhammad fight you when you arc on a horse? I )*moimi So he got off his horse and came at him and t •Amr aimed a blow which cut da-ply into t Abu Layli 'Abdullah b. Sahl b. 'Abdu'l- Rahman b. Sahl a brother of B. Haritha, told me that 'A'isha was in the fort of B. H that dav It was one of the strong ions of Medina. The motht b Mu'adh was with her. 'A'isha said: This was before the veil imposed upon us. Sad uent In wearing a coat of mail so shon t Hamal' see the fight. In his foliy he fought for the stone pillar j.Qatada told me, was Hii-han h.(.^ 'ayy. When he hit him he said, "Tab Sa'd said to him, "May God make - d, if the war with Quraysh is to be p The Life of Muhammad 459 a"the h enem^s"hro^ N ' '' ' thing which I thinkit my duty to tell you of by way "fared that hi Mold dJTov^^faAm "he Jews who were JlSjjSJwJi'SdtaJ'iSl toTe^him T^X^""^" s Quraysh and Ghatafan airheads off? Then we it 'Ikrima b. Abu Jahl to B. Qurayza with « hdp ! a, so he mus go down anc kill him. "God ft -give you/' he S d I saw that no help was t be expected from Ss r/i.1 e club until alSdstliphirn 1 his done I went bac 'rif'b'Suieht ama; He said, "I have no need to strip him, Bint Abdu'l-Muttali lg es.' Quraysh and Ghat; The Life of Muhammad . Ifea^'ByC^.ifwhadhvedto QuVayza I am .bout to go to them to shake their stronghold (11 i II Hudhnyfe Mid, 'I can ««• J^^tS* until aftS he Bached B. QurayBi (705). . ia and asked if anyone had passed them. They replied 6S5 ,t Dihya b. Khalifa al-Kalbi had passed upon a white mule with a Sii.idk- of them. You can see the when the ^,., ^ mf , ,,, }! q.mv/. he halted by one of 1 ;t cooking-pots, nor fire, nor ^^ ^.^ py . i?l . ny ^^,, Tht . \\- t .|i „f .Ana (706). 'IV men j< wtl ^^ ov^ h rnT a then n he C bo 1 w C , d the apostle reproach them. My father Ishaq b. Yasar told 1 I was in it (T. And I disturbed him). When he had ^^iSrtfc'beSged theTfor twenty-five nights until The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad 463 ra abandon the laws of the Torah and never change Tha'laba b. Sa'ya, r^J Ins brother, and Asad b. 'Ubayd of B. Hadl I, Then if ynn won't Kctpt this .natation (ii) let wbo were not related to B. Qurayaa ot B. al-Nadlr (their pedigree 1: far Mdren and rend men with tl,„ above that), accepted 1,1am the night on which B. Qurayat aurrendered to mp.nion, leaving no encumbrancer behind na, nntil : . : c.d otitic tvhcn they were t "oae/'a'nVhepromi ve this place nntil God forgives me for what I have ed God that he would never go to B. Qurayaa and apostle (707). teard about him, fnr he had.been waiting for him a ' he had come to me 1 would have asked forgiveness place until God forgi « him.' Yaald b. 'Abdullah b. Quaayt told 111,: that the forgiveness of Ab Salami She said : 'At dawn I heard the apostle laugh and I said: 'Why did her room' (this was t tefore the veil had been prescribed for women) and 1 of B. Qura hi, people who were there went back to the quarter of id announced to them the death of B. Qurayaa before The Life of Muhammad that the men should be killed, the property dnided, and the (children taken as captives.' t Thabit b. Qays b. al-Sharomas had pagan era. O™ of al-Zablr's sons told ,f d. al-Harith, a woman of B. al-Najjar. Then the apostle ,e market of Medina (which is still its market today) ane as they were brought out to him in batehes. Among them w: ■ Allah I.I u> ays b. Akhtab and Ka'b h. Asad their chief. '. [bought would be duiit with them. He replied. 'Will you le made an end of them. Jabal b. Jawwal al-Tha'l; Ibn Akhtab did But he who for He fought until 466 The Life of Muhammad Ashhal with some of the captive women of B. Qurayza to Najd ai The apostle had chosen one of their women for himself, R TllisiMVr I,,,,, „ God sent dowi -hared his opinion. 'And if it had been entere. i.e. Medina (713). ih thought to dt's«rt on the day of l.'iuiii. Then they swore to God n on themselves. 'Say, Flight will not avail you if you flee from killing, and then you will enjoy comfort but for a little. Say, Who Luve you from Allah if lie intends evil towards you, or intends fhey will not find that they have any friend or helper but Allah. The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad Badr ndUhud ,;■<', did n tch.ngeit.or. God . forgivins* «. OfB°.l°N.jIr of'th. ci.n B. DM, : Ka'b b. Zayd whom a radon, mow bit md slew (7.9). .. forgive you, O Abu YahyS. wll vo;l dheletthemh.v.tiTJ,;. The Life of Muhammad Cutting through heads and skulls. Was the gleam of lightning illuminating the night The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad s of rain have effaced its frg]oX.y«° p, the talk of lovely mi Thev were laid before us and we loved' to reme. After they had been bid before the confederates Come to the fight where s " P r"c by »Hi ™.| i»v Up r.phet "ivr ught 1, SW.pt I b. •hits"" * ":1 i!° ed yofbat, t'Z n reaoh by g.i» 8 "™ ™ t The Life of !/«/(«« To say no ,aatho ,gl, tb vay their fo cc "ta "„" fight' (Truly Go SrS ™ :,!:;: God the rr When he ailed for war id (let him do so), for among m, .how our glory n Qays b. 'Aylan and Khindif with one ; m from disbelief, but God is a seer and The all embracing help of I "ou could see skulls split a: e Life of Muhammad lake Thy religion victorious. mil the best fighters suit aeking untiringly to kill h The Life of Muhamm, I withdrew like ■ smm B lion with his He can find no way to return ti. the jellow loudly? 1 . Thabit boasting of the killin) four tribes threading theii The Life of Muhammad warrior 'Amr b. 'Abd is on the flanks of ' And can the good old My heart is troubled All of them obeyed him utterly. (Only battle, eut short the allotte SbTnone'butTopneta =■» inte I ur,e given Le'scripture and wasted ,t. You disbelieved in the Quran and yet You had been given confirmation of what the vvarne. The nobles of B. Lu'ayy took lightly The great conflagration in al-Buwayra. 2 Uct.iUCJa.nller.Vnol toco. The allies got fs.ed i„ eseha (For circumst.oee. sometime. „ ,;■,.. .:, ,.,„»« blind to ,1 Z pot of « p«ople nnh me, The Ufa of Muhammad 4 8j '■ »(7>9)«>CTd .'■'.' ■ ■"■ Did me thai r h. al 'A? toll ' hull from lis mi:, oil, some of Qura ooht to If Muhamma -tin Kople ";.,""■" he' San to' ZZZd^l Opl, ErS They tho sr, Id take a SiE £jjj£j '"wSwfv ■ettwithh, m„l: o.hool dome to him but r. 4mrb.lTm.yyi ie'ni'S H HS s5E5 S'donrtta ! Qutaysh , ;;™': Tee t h '.' '.' ' '■'■ . Muhammad's f I had broughl "Si; 8 .™ red", tdth t ""p . .! iirMuyhi alarti used to come ft ■ Moses, so that ; ou misrht kill tnu,,,-;. ove triumph*! om Pharaoh and his anrnes.' I as] 27k; Life of Muhammad aking for Muhammad to adopt Islam, and met Kh id, 'Where are you going, Abu Sulayman ?' He s eople by surprise (731). He went . on the road to Syria, then by The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammac r 487 h.cmln rallied """"'rta l-Mi,d,db.'Amrclledb.al -A„,d,.»yo ScrfB^fi^A.'lnd'^! Ib.Zeyd.on, ofB q K.'b 1 1 1 ,r brother o( . al-Hmth, l, ' Vdhbmto, fiXdb!" ttuiyif; bu 'Ayyash Z„db. .l-SS,„,t, bother „ : l{ - z >'rayq. Wben tlic e fifty cubits before he tl eighth. Some people count Salama b. 'Amr b. aW 'Asini K 'Uirai !i. HuM^U roUl n„: ihm the first horseman to catch up bumayr', and that when'the alarm sounded a horse belonging to Mahmiid e only Muslim to be killed (732). died Dhu-1-Limma (733). Ghifarfs wife comes from AbQ'l-Zubayr al-Makkl frc \mong the verse composed about Dhu Qarad is the Were it not for what our horses suffered and what hu They would have met you as they carried well-armed Noble in ancestry protecting their standard, And the bastards would have rejoiced that we We were eight; they were a great force e Life of Muhammad 5 fast like ostriches The Life of Muhammad :ouldno t workoff( 73 6). Harith (afterwards) v ; 'Abdullah b. Abu Bakr and Muhamm; : a part of the following story : The aposl liq were gathering together against hii a watering place :t i<,nofQudayd towards tk- shore ■ ] to flight at The Life of Muhammad they would have gone elsewhere. 1 Zayd b. Arqa told the apostle when he had dispose! of Ins tiki: ,!.,, till nielitfall, an ' Mt if any misfortune befell it kill him.' 'Umar replied e from B.Bskr when the> .^ « r.m^d i;.;Si The Life of Muhammad people than she (739). ■ i , plied, "Haven't you heard the m-« -. < ) d.u; mc that all this really had happened Ih \11 1 I frvour. As for Zaynab, Allah protected her by her religion and (T. rivalling me) 'for the sake of her sister, and I suffered' much airai Had thev been your own people vou covered I thought that they won only good of her. The only fault I have to find with 'A'isha is that svhcn I am kneading dough and tell her to watrii it she ntijikcts it and fails asleep •Then the apostle came in to me. My parents and a woman of the -.■pentance from His slaves." As he said this my tears ceased t (T. "me"). Then he ; d Hamna d. Jahsh whc /ho said what they said (741). aCjuranaouY.gdowuahtmlmchyA I 111 1 anwer nd by A his kin and needy srsid, 'N'iut will ! give anything to Mistah a^nin, nor I ",."],. V UViVthVremaine^^ will I ever help him in any way after what he said about 'A'isha and brought The man I kill will n The Life of Mukamm q of Lu'ayy b. Ghalib belonging to Abu 1 intention of making,, , 74 6j. ,„,,lewentoutin.h,ye.r„fal-I-luda,b , ,i,i. the temple, and look with him » cnty camels for saerihee. 'i'here tmel was on behalf of ten men. i,a, were fourteen hundred/ ^ ^ ^ ™'in-Mn,Bi,h,b.Sufyln :-K,'bi met hfa (747) »°d ""'^ irmikh"irtirtnd h ™ve h p». d o„ ©pards^kins^Md^haveencampe^at This man Khalid b. al-Walld is ''he .postle said: 'Alas, Quraysh, «»' » oukl ti. L y have suffered if they had left as devoured theml What harm o our own ways? ff they should kill m. "they do not do that the, mil li B l« whil ,e Quraysh thinkingof! By Allah, I will so and lit' took them by a rugged, rocky track between pastes whit-h was 'That is the "putting away" 3 that was enjoined on the children of Israel; "The apostle ordered the force to turn to the right through the salty KVby MI 1 d hn he Quraysh cavalry liish, b. Sulvfrn. TIkimIk:;. -vH.mi-d •<> Qtir.ivsl, ami - 1-A.khv:..' iimtlRT of t!. 'Amir b. ■1 and his companions, and he e Quraysh what the apostle had said. rack from the place of s: o,tle,.o greatly, impressed by what he had ..en. When he told them that, the, ,ait do™! You are only a Bedouin, utterly ignora 'You men of Quraysh, it was : irom it? fly him who holds my life in his hand, either ecu Muhammad do what he has come to do or I shall take array the black troo siumde.e obtain for ourselv : Ther nofQura ar°in hTkingdon een a people whr to ids camel's side The Life of Muhammad « (751)- The Life of Muhammad < Jandal b. Suhayl appeared walking in fellers, having escaped to the aposl ! .. -i *.ul : Then Quraysh sent Suhayl b. "Amr bt ie a forcible entry. When the apostle saw him c began to pull him roughly by his colli The Lift of Muhammad much spoil which they will take. God is mighty, > goal' ( 7S 2). 'Ami I,., I n n I I Utwame. did M fa» it on their account (753). the zedotr,™ paganism,' i.e. Suh.yl b. 'A, n, ught 11 niiir victory, the peace of al-Hudt tly without entering it. In those two yen double ,uble a. man, entered Islam a, ever before (754). ■Utba b. Asld b. Jariya, Azharb. 'Abdu'Aufb. ""these'peopleandit The Ufe <>f Muhammad 5°9 Kulthiim d. *Uqba b. Abu Mu'ayt migrated to the apostle during riod. Her two brothers 'Umara and al-Walid sons of 'Uqba came letween him and Quraysh at Hudaybiya, but he would not. God iuhrl from 'Urwa b. al-Zubayr told me: I came in to him as he was ■ a letter to Ibn Abu Hunayda, the friend of al-Walid b. Abdu'l- who had written to ask him about the word of God: '0 you who i pavilton of glory exalted high. and that they should return what wwdtte if the other suh l.k tiV Had it not been for this judgement of God s the apostle would have re- b. ; il. Ziba'r.1 answered him: turned the women as he returned the men. And had it not been for the uhab has become like a poor donkey armistice and covenant between them on the day of al-Hudaybiya he would .ying in a village as he passes through it. have kept the women and not returned the dowries, for that is what he used mUfeofMuhammc :d , by the rea-shore on the road which Qu Syria. The Mu.lim. who were confined 1 1 used them, that Quraysh wrote to the a, m Suh.,1 heard that Abu Baalr had tilled 1.din.( 7 ss). raid, 'By God, th ,hab b. Riylh Abu Unaya, an ally of B. Z uhra,a.id( 7S 6): A brief word from Suhayl reached ™ Then reproach me, for you are not fa, from me. With every blood mare and fiery h. People. The Life of Muhammad tho both uyr/polytheists (758). n on Khaybar he told h The Life of Muhammad with his force,' and turned tail and fled. The apostle said,' 'Allah akbar! Khuvkir \; d.rsirovL-d. When wc arrive in a pn.pk-'s square it is a bad kflyad.Huyayyb.Akhtab ■stlTfor'saflya.andwhenhe II i, n of Khaybar I forbade the people to do a 5I2 The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad forbade the flesh of donkeys he allowed them to eat horseflesh. ans " " l ' J hlm thus ■ . Y.Sd b. AM Hablb told me from AM Marzdo client^of Tudbjrom Kba)lh „ lnow , , h „ , „ K ,. b| Maghrib, and one of its town, called J«W »™ ^eatstt sTon'the who believes in Allah and the last day to mingle hi, seed with another man', (meaning to approach e.m.lly a pregnant woman among *J »?'£* ™ 3tI° U Y„?know E tl rao'd'that'they 1. have no strength, Full, armed, a doughty warrior. InrTfomwfth, frieheTfo" !d C °The'followi T day God' con- The enemy g ive way before my on. laught.) te fort of al-Sa'b 1 'ZZ = ,°,wot f "l" nd^p— Hisham b. 'Urwa alleged tha Yasir. Hi, mother Safly.d.', apostle?' He replied, 'Nay, ; Zub.y.w,nto„t,.,ing(T. ; al-Zubayr b. al-'Awy Ibdu'l-Munalib said, ' S Hit to tight my son, ast to be taken, am 1 the apostle nesieged them f< n some ten nights Kh.ybar know that I , an Zabbar, lab b. raw b. 'A .dul-Kahm. a b. Sahl, brot. ,„„fB.U.,i.»a, Chief of a people no e rwardly runaways, •onofprin rom Jabir b. 'Abdi rllahtMarha , the Jew came, ^•iissr""-" .. — -.»* „..._ . — . Khaybar know* tl.st 1 tn, ^ [arl f b ' taMbnakfetttMBN a corrected in I.H.Wnioi u 'Lightning O^.inW from Salama b. 'Amr b. al-Akwa': The apostle sent Abu liakr voth'his banner (762) against one of the forts of Khaybar. He fought but returned freed slave of the apostle: We wen with his flag and when he got near fought them. A Jew struck him so 'All laid hold of a door by the fort aj c Lift of Muhammad s , 5 m led them past the Jews who were slain; and that the moon would fall into her lap. d, 'This simply means that you covet thi brought to the apostle the mark was still umad b. Maslama and The Life of Muhammad ' r to do this she answered: 'You know what yon have done to my people. I : mid to myself. If he is a king I shall ease myself of him and if he '^Marwar III b. At 1 1 si M H told me: The apostle wha't'l'ate with yout brother at Khaybar.' The Muslims con- had said ii Having from Abu o God had honoured him. finished with Khaybar, the >P»^™" Jjjjfjjjjjj " zTydmld me°from Salim, freed slave of 'Abdullah b Muti Hurayra, who said: « hen m left Buyta to |0 to « U L-Qud S"i 'stave which R.fa'a b. Zayd ,I-Judl.amI, of the clan al had given him (763). He was la ™ d™r^the^apoMle^si,ddl, k l Laa- » hirn i« , H." P He had suireptil.ously stolen it on ttedj^o *£! do no?"susraa "old rne ten 'Abdullah b. Mughaffal al-Muiani bag of lard from the booty of Khaybar aod carried it off on m recently sh thTaposdfsl w'0Go?pr««J !S£s: TspeJthI r.i^ln prL-i Al-Zuhr Khavbar a: »illK,tt,:h willed that n Sa'Id b. al-Musi E dawn so that we i md slept. Bilalgot lyyab: When th i night: 'Who j long as God yv, was the da- vn as he was 1. joking at it, and his .■yes were heavv ,ong the Muslims." I K The Life of Muhammad Tke *# "f Muhammad e Jews in the fighting that day THF - AFFAIR OF AL-ASWAD THE SI ened their eyes in the dust {764).' According to what I have heard al-Aswad came t< slim women were with the apostle at Khavbar, and the apostle flock of shee P « he was besieging Khaybar. He was 1 a small portion of the booty. He did not give them a definite J ew there ' He asked the a P ostIe t0 explain Islam to b. Suhaym told me from Umayya b. Abu'l-Salt from a him to acce P l Islam - Havin g become a Muslim he t !. Ghifar whom he named to me: She said, 'I came to the was tht h I I it the heep wl some women of B. Ghifar and we told the apostle, as he was tis care ' and what was he to do wlth them? He to,d ed to go with him where he went, to tend face and thev would $° back to thclr om "' r ' h " ;l1 ■' d to help the Musli h Cud's Mcssine. and *.>w t . urn! with lum. I was a young girl and the your master, for I will look after you no more.' They went off in a body as otle took me on the back of his saddle. When the apostle dismounted thou S h someone were driving them, until they went into the fort. After- She added: TV hen the apostle conquered Khaybar I le gave us a sm part of the booty. gave it to me and 1 otd.andbyGod will never leave r but she put salt in 'l^rSSi^d^S^ iomXTftshoL ■ Khaybar are: Qurayshofthecla "ra°b. ^mr^and Rifa'a b. 'Arnhb. Gi "anrnkDaSn ^^a'-AbdulS b.'al Hubayb (765). Of the Ansar of I lIufarBbfa r who died of the mutton with whic poisoned, ami Fu< laylb.al-Nu'man, 2 men. OfB.Zuraj b. Gays b. Khala ia b. 'Amir b. Zurayq. Of Aus of i }>. F.ISn.ha b. . Hantb.an jliv.iM heirs from B. Haritha. OfB.'Amrb. Auf: \hul>yj .'man b. Umayya b. Imru'ul-Qays b. 1 'Auf; jl-ltarith b Au, h. al-IJ.V. Unavfb. Habib; Thabit b. Athla, and Talha. Of B. < 'Uqba, shot by an ame was Aslam {766). Of those who found martyrdom at Khavbar accor aid was Mas ud b. Rabl'a, an ally of B. Zuhra from Q5ra; and from tti e Ansar of B. 'Amr b. 'Auf, Aus b. Qf i w0 /-<m, a >with> 530 The Life of Muhat. They got up and shouted in Mecca, "Here 's MMyfornwqiikfarthaBlcoSd sta y ed behind f ™ m Kll3 y bar ( lie wa3 of B ' ' Auf b - ' •<r' ~ o coward, but his horse t drinking fermented barley-water. % ;x re fought with them as a horseman ««»iou.(768). Ijiva b Jinuh ibal-Aslamlsaid: BiiEiS" r z Urn ] H"^sii^r,i¥^££™ e i,d".'cl.l.(76 9 ). When the spoil of Khaybar was divided, al-Shaqq and Nata fell to the prophet's share (T. fifth) ; the share of kindred, orphans, the poor (T. and T- i How badly the Khaybarls fought Khaybar or not. Only Jabir The Life of Muhammad eofal-Barithb. al-Khazra ,71). Si'ida. Ghifar and Aslam, al-Najj.r, Haritha, and Aus. The first lot in Nata fell to al-Zubayr, namely al-Khau', and al-Surayr rother of B. al-'Ajlan alamab.'ljbaydand e first lot fell to 'Asirr I 1 . I „f the share.'; the L.M to which Juhayna and th ',. aydjooLul sofa* of ( ,aTiIibl4o;B.J.'far S o ; R.t * 5 , Usama h. Zayd 40, al-Miqdad b. al-Aswad 15, Umm Rumaytha 5. :.,.rn told me from Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri from 'Ubaydullah b. the men of Kh.ybar. They aent to him an offer of pe< Khaybar or on the road- or aft., he erne ,0 Medina,^ attacked by horse or camel.' fid b. Qays, and 'Arafa b. '«, imln (773), and hi. brother 1 ,0 Khaybar 'Abdnllah b. R.wih. to act as a»e.,o, between the \ln»- artdt . J „.. Whenhem.de his as.erament they wouM say, JJon 1 haven and earth d. s But 'Abdullah acted as assessor for one year only before he was The Life of Muhammad a. After him Jabbar b. Sakhr b. Urn; 'Abdullah b. Sahl vi spoke after them. They told the apostle of the killing of their rel he said, 'Can you name the killer, then swear fifty oaths against what they did not know. He said, 'If they swear fifty oaths that note toll* Jew of Khaybar when tl te back swearing by Allah that they The Life of Muhammad lybar was part of what God gave to h u-mld < TniiU-ior th?btin C ning n o7 attacked 'Abdullah b. ' The Life of Muhammad laybar and Wadi'l-ljui-i (777). until he sent 'Amr b. Umayya al-Damri to the Negus te two boats and who ultimately rejoined him in Khaybar after al-Hudaybiy. From B. Hashim: Ja'far b. Abu Talib with his wife Asms' ,1. ' I mavs and his son 'Abdullah who was bom to him in Al.ivinia. ja'rar «a» ]„"]], wife Umayna d. Khalaf h. As'iul (779: ; his two children Sa'Id am begotten in Abyssinia (Khalid was killed at Marj al-Suffar 1 in the ca' of Abu Bakr); his brother 'Amr who,, « ,-,, F.itima d. Sal«5n b. 1. : b. Muharrith al-Kinan,, died in Abyssinia ('Amr was killed at Ajnad With reference to 'Amr b. Sa'Id his father Sa'id b. al-'As b. U Abu Uhayhasaid: -ayba could see sely introducing into religion! The Life of Muhammad e very enemies we were fighrii public pu rse;'hcb slnnged to the family of Sa' db. al-'As;and 'Abdull ihb. Qaya, an ally of the f: ■milyof'Utbal A FromE !™'.d 4 b ■Abdu'l-'Um: Al-Aswad 1 i.Kiufil. i. '1-Dar: Jahm b. Qays wit •ife Umm Hamula d. 'A bdu'l-Asw.d (. Abyssinia ),ithh. ally of th. Hudh.yl. 2. b. Murra: Al-liarith b. Khi ""'rami died in Abyssinia I. f.anallyofth, Zub.yd. The apo ;tle put him in charge of tb ; fifths of the M »yd„llah b. J.hsh, an ally f, i Qays b. 'Abdullah of 1 .lL°ofTbu W S U fy: . Jahsh and Umr 'There : r Hattab with his wife Fukayha 1 ih n . W ., i „ ns J.:.u. i .L ..r„:.l,l r by their moth ' IWima. Hiifyan and his tw a sons Junada and Jabir died in the caliphate of From B. Sahm b. 'Amr : 'Abdullah b. al-Harith who died in Abyssinia; The Life of Muhammad rouette on tiptoe, nallest half broken! _. ; n ,l killed in the battle of Fihl' in the From Quraysh of R, Hashim: Ruqayya d. of the ap, iliphaie of "Umar— others say in the fight at Khaybar; and 'Umayr b.' From TS. 1 nuyya: linn) J.hiblba d. Abu Suty.ui s kiUed at 'Ayn al-Tamr ih Kl Ml dA did when he Habiba. She took her w.th her fronOkcc, and (Ikn ^ ■Yamama in the caliphate of A u B r. ^ ^^ ^.^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ u ,1-Ta'ifuitl She brought b The Life of Muhammad ' ■ d. Abu H Suhayl b The Life of Muhammad ostle only did it for this clan of Quraysh because The e> ^ditH ^g r« ■ ■ WLTC kii;,.:a When ■TIL \\i they bade far lah b. Rawaha lie wep rid ■m Cod's! L £dL" f " f > ou but 8 hall come to it; that is a Muslin i tild! 'G( Tbl safe an dsoun. las . pardon Or"! dl j; y : *£S Adtrlhorresl ihq a in you by a natural gift. iuraed. 'Abdul! oo ye o arm t e pa ms. ^ g ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ way as far asMaan in Syria where they heard that And a near relative of mine in God, -ought you joined by 100,000 men from Lakhm and Judham and al-Qayn and Bahra" - There 1 shall not care for 'fruit tl Zafila. Or palms whose roots are watered by man. The people went forward until when they were on the borders t BalqlT the Greek and \, I I , II, ' n, met them in a village , tions, putting over the lipd, .mi,- <j„:k: !,. Qatada of the B. 'Udhra Ja'far took it and fought will i fought ti 'ahya You .hall fight or ben Why should you spurn O soul, if you are not 1 You have been given w !.yd and Ja'far. Then he , i. Ja'far b. Abu Talib from went out .„ Ins f.mdj sa, ,„,. Do n„t negleel Ja'far'. famil, so .. not ,„ 'Ab taU-Kabman b. al-Ql.im b. Muhammad told me from hi. father from '.Vis!,:, the prophet's wife who .aid: 16,. ,„:,,. „f Ja'tar's death The Life of Muhammad from one of the family of al-Harith b. Hisham who were h uncles, from Umm Sala-ita ,h, prophet's wife who said to Sabma h. Hisham b. al-'As b. al-Mughira, '\VI,v is it that I Salama at prayers with the apostle with the rest of the Mus "Runaway! You' ran away when In the path of God!" until r which he made excuses for what he and the other men did tl asking help nor acting decisively ■erses tin facts which people dispute, namely ice and were afraid of death, and established ten avoided battle (790). night I had in Yathrib, might till he fell tin pillowed he battlefield, a broken shaft in his body. us his reward with the martyrs, saw in Ja'far a man loyal to Muhammad, aaiedh and I passed tin mcht The Life of Muhammad Their faces welcomed, their hands gave freel, Sfb "SrloSZre'the' f ostoik ^o "eTwi' victorious .assail b. Thlbit mourning Ja'far: Now Ja'far, F.tima's blessed son, i. dead, The best of all creatures, most heavy is las less When wronged, most submissive to rivjit When it was indubitably true; An,! than enliehtened minds covered up the 1 I 111' [[til Enough cause for grief that I hav And Zayd and 'Abdullah are in r the latter Jumada and Ra;ab. Then the B. I attacked Khuza'a while they were at a well of al-Aswad b. Kazn— had gone' ova ■':• ' reached the middle of the Khuzii'a ecu,,--. ..... The Life of Muhammad ofyearsgoneby; amickcd k-ii, rally night whi luiUyl b. 'Abdu M, laylb.UmmA.™ rlweSumrt *"rb.al-J!j,bb "how, May thou people 3gg: J™»— ""»"» From B.yd and 'I 1 1 1 .■j .ill c,»,,rl.,:,,,.. :-«*• The Life of Muhammad i at night in al-\\ >nlv an iin: I '.v ' The Life of Muhammad laughter who had wit The Life of .1 I |[ ben mnuiiu-d liio camel and rode- oil in (luravsh v.ho asked for his news. He said that Muhammad would not speak to him, that he got no good from Abu Quhafa's son, and thai he found 'L mar an implacable enemy (795). I le had found 'Ali the most helpful and he had done what he recommended, though Hassan b. Tfalbit, inciti luryl b. 'Amr, and Safw; of one of the B. 'Abdu'l-Muttalib. He paid her some ,iy a"Ut 'Ldy! z a hypocrite but the apostle said, 'H looked favourably on those who we for I have forgiven you.'" Then G who believe, choose not My enemie 'Utba b. Khalaf al-Ghifar Kullhumb.Husa: iaydbefwcn'M nights AbQ Sufyan b. Har The Life of M.hm.mal I might find some woodcutters or milkers or someone who con! and ask for safety before h< entered rke town by assault. As I w; along with this intent suddenly I heard the sound of Abu Sufyan Hakim b. H.zim) and Bud.yl talking together. Abu Sufyan was ' Bud.ylwas forQurayshi'Ifhe •,too, 'Threaten somebody .1.=!' as no, in the ... that attacked 'An, ' " . ,„ tbd Sufyan , Itohrn Sul „ || The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad .bQ Sufyan's house is safe, and he who locks his door is safe, and it from her neck. When the apostle came in and The squadrons passed him with their standards, a imd « with Muzayna until all hi top of his voice: 'OQuraysh.t said/Woe to you, don't let th moeque will be safe.' Thereui 'Abdullah b. Abu Bakr told he halted on his beast turbaned « Dhu Tuua ordering al-Zufc ■ him and take the flag from him and enter with it himself. Lbdullah b. Abu Najih in his story told me that the apostli vas in command of the right wing with Aslam, Sulayrr., Glii: submission to God, when he saw bow God bad Tuwa Abu Quhafa said to a daughter of his, one of his youngest children, Take me up to Abu Qubavs,' for his sight had almost gone. When they ™t there he asked ber what she could see and she told him 'a mass of ight. Himas b. Qays b. Khalid brother II finally he said J : so that one of you might get up and sirike off Iks I, said, 'Then why didn't you give me a sign, aposti. 1 that a prophet doe. no: kill by paimim; (Xctf. .-as 'Abdullah b. Kliaml of I!. Taym b, (ihalih, 1 (<: h; The Life of Muhammad 55" avrith I). Nuq.ydb h. Wahb h. 'Abd b. Qusayy, one So I thought: Why should 1 lmiw M . :.:- brought us ? Truly our God on the sea is our God on the dry land. Tl Khatal was killed by Sa'id b. Hurayth al-MakhzOmi and Abu Bar? Aslami acting together. Miqyas was killed by Kumayla b. 'Abdullah rotect. He must not kill ih.n,' (Sejl. Muhammad b. ja'far b. al-Zubayr f .bu Thaur from Safiya d. Shayba told i broke it in his hands and threw it away. Then h Ka'ba while the men in the mosque gathered tc ■■... ■ : ■ofJesusamlMary.'] has put to flight the The Life of Muhammad God's sight is the most pious' to the end of the passage. 1 1 •0 Quraysh, what do you think that I am about to do wil > h bro"her7He obey God and His apostle to the best of their ability. This men; when they had finished he dealt with the womei guised because of what she had done especially in regard to God, you lay on us SS££ EiaoTS.' £w^aJTiwtij3*Xi)i*<> f Abfi SufyaTs The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad al-Maqburi from Abu Shurayh al- responsibility now rests with you' (807). k Safwinjust as he ■ The Life of Muhammad b.AbuJahl)h; ■ And night pitch black was agitated O best of those, a swift light-foote The Life of Muhammad icn night falls her phantom They attain their end forthwith. And^he mronbin their hands become like Cod will provide food for myself and my family. If you have followed Muhammad's religion I in !i vav w.r distant on a high round rock, Dry dust its only moisture {Sio). 1 The Life of Muhammad conquest will be complete! f you do, expeet a fight on . God help, those He pie, The Life of Muhammad lite Abu SufySn ., me Wry that our, word (The wor„ of you be a .«». lor the better of you !) You have l.ropooned the pure hlr.,d /,„«/, The Life of Muhammad Tht Li f e f Muhammad h custom or shed Moot The day the stood prophet cnte: t from us that day of fear (813). tribes of Sulaym b. MansQr and Mudlij b. JadhTmab. 'Amir b. 'Abdu Manet 1). Kiner they grasped their weapons, and Khalid sa ^ A traditionist of B. Jadhlma who was on J.hdam said, "Woe to you, B. Jadhlma! Ti behead,™ By God, I'll n "ver'lay downm,"" Hakim b. Hakim ftom Abu Ja'far Muhan done'(8i S ). ^ :, and abolish tjie The Life of Muhammad (War) made husbandless wor i-Jahhaf b. Hakim a ttkih b. al-Mughira b. 'Abd >J..L-.\«f h. 'Abdu'I-Harith b. !e al-Fakih b. al-Mughln e plain when they went &n rmoncyofamanofB.Jad i in ttejadhlma territory His hands v. L -fc iicd ui Ins mvk by ; i,i old rope and the worn and lead him to tl 1111 The Life of Muhammad I did no wrong when I said when our people wer Reward me with love before some misfortune bef Regard me with love before distance divides And the chief goes off with a dear one thus parte. And mj ey< n< r 1 ot .1 , Imir.ngly at another. Even th.'n What hinde7edTm from helping a squadron If they repent or return to their (right) way t. Shayban of B. Sulaym, t One of the B. Jadhima said: Then bear a swift plmi: Congratulate B. Ka'b on the coming of Khalid and his companions ^^ Kha];d ^.^ he de Ibn Khuwaylid showed no desire for revenge. , , prefer ^ „ idLng ,„ w ,, !lliMI The Life o] Muhammad Th, : r, assembled to him I would ride toward fi em!> no others present from Qays 'Ayttn. Ka'b and Like young antelopes (819). Subay' al-Haml, b. A uik ar.J Ins brother Ahmar eommanded the E. When h !-<-- jn As soon as he a was Amis ,as a fine plane for Not a hill with of dust; but why do eluUren ndZhkanlr fsha^'T heytlldhl" S Ma1ktad C b"r'o?gh, v,S.". necMtfof ely inquired f our people and r ,hi;"a°d.;"whi2 Jusham b. Mu'Iwiya b. Bakr b. Haw.ain. Then Malik i man!")" rya b. 'Abdu 1 ediately u §11: Zltl J( ''"'I t them he nd then b sent 'Abdullah th apostle. (T 'I'l e apostl called fo 'Umar and told women and children, and Malik explained that his purpose in bringing Abu ^ adrad had sald - Uraar said tllat he v them and putting them behind the men was to make them fight to the may call meahar, 'Umar, but for a lorrg time j runs away? If all goes well nothing will help vou but sword and lance; if When the a P 0Slle decided to go out again) it goes ill you will be disgraced with your family ,md property.' Then he ? afwan b - Umayya had some armour and ■ lofty deeds Ka'b and Kilab would not have stayed away! I wish that "you demanding them by force, Muhammad? 1 I. 'Amr b. \\,,,ir and 'Auf b. 'Amir and he said, 'Those two sprigs of 'Am:: n ° objection and he gave him a hundred coat; The Life of Muhammad tents, for the ghoul has many forms, ,f Kilab when the cavalry of Ibn Haudha It is a disgrace by whose 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qat atherJSbir 3 lyi n t°hT lorning twilight. T andsl! ping We were descendin s we were coming down, the tmadn ns attacked us as one m he right an iStoSs ■ ■ men? Come to me. la bdullah.' And not for not umber of VIuMjirTLTLVr ■ ii of his family remained x>stle. C) (he Muhajirs who ood n m were Abu Bakr and 'L n Ayman b. 'Ubayd who was killed that day {821). beBea! 1 He had i im in his quiver. Ja anbal cried (8 Z z) (he together with his brother Safwan b. Um x-.lvtlifirit durins tin- respite which the apostle had given h ■ -ihutupi r ■ The Life of Muhammad The Life „f Muhtnn,,,, rfteawid L'lomeUm gus c a>J. o n-jtvRii S£ "' « flying- son 'Abdullah b. Abu Talha. the other; and by Go< blood (825). He had all bu dthi much for her, so she brought its head near to her an nose ring of hair along with the nose rein. After ti you as you kill those who fight you, for tl had a knife with her and Abu Talha asked why, : knife so that if a polytheist came near me I could said, 'Do you hear what L'mm Sulaym al-Rumay: Pahhaq b. Sufyan al-Kilfibi m.t that they wi-nt aim the men fled Malik b. 'Auf said, addressing his ho Forward, Muhaj! 3 This is a difficult d Such as I on such as thee turns ever « The Life of Muhammad ■re the people fled and men svert fighting one arm! Lack garment coming from h<:a\ci : they were the angels. Then the enemy fled. Malik was severe and seventy of them were killed beneath their flag, amor whom were 'Uthman b. 'Abdullah b. Rabl'a b. al-Harith b. Habib. The flag was with Dhu'l-Khimar. When he was killed 'Uthman b. 'Abdulli for the man concerned was only a Christian slave. Then he began to u cover the slain and showed that they were circumcised. The flag of the AhlSf was with Qarib b. al-Aswad, and when the m were routed he leant it against a tree, and he and his cousins and his peot fled. Only two men of the Ahlif wer. laqlf except Ibn Hunayda people to death, said: Who will tell Ghaylan and 'U I b> h ten the polytheist Durayd„idofRablV,killi„shim : Im.yd', account in the v.lley rfSatn The Life of Muhammad e her until they h was brought to t The Life of Muhammad Like lions with a haunt they meat They did not hope for considerate These were our doings for which And the plain of Arlk, and its cisterns are U.luJl,,::,,!^,,,,,]. ■,.!„■„ .ill 1,1,- v.,- The nine hundred to a complete thousand. Band 'Auf and the clan of Mukhashi.i collected six And four hundred were brought from Khufaf And we could scarcely bre ik b. Sufyan fought w ther from our brother The Life of Muhammad The Li f e °f Muhammcu But God's religi By it he set our affairs right a l :>i(n,d. } not keep her word or fulfil h e had sworn by Goc ■ not keep h mu Khufaf who si Though Umm Mu'ammal follows the unbelievers Youth is gone ano! seanfwhiXcks 1 ■.i„ h ,. ■ ,.ulc me love her more despite her distance from me. And rerriember the fig htmg „f Su i avl Someone will tell her that we refuse to do so And g ulaym have someth ing to boasl And seek only our Lord in alliance; They are [he people who helped Go c And that we are on the side of the gmde, the prophet Muhammad, And followed the apost l e ' s religion wl Were black stallions walking among As though our reddish-white mail ar WM KkTaa <agfe soaring to dart on Y0U nnamon h them^ n ^ 8a "° P '" ^ "" ^ " " ^^ ^ Then w^Hsked death in"the gloom And found no deviation or turning from the apostle's order. As a lj()n w . i|ks whl . n h{ . cr / terg " his thicket In a hattle mid which the people heard only In a narrow place where war pressed hard , The Life of Muhammad When the assembly' opta.a'y Whirr,' Or walked the earth, When the cavalry we e'dnv"™ weigh. ffoywa Until we came on th Composed of Sulayra ook the n people o ed by > p mesh wi ■oud el, You would think the They engaged the sq n gloweri" ringTk At Hunayn we were By which the apostle H~o r E He also said: We helped God's apostle, angry on his account. The day of Hunayn when Safwan thru We were his right wing in Islam, The best of the tribe if von rr And u-,: ivioio/.l (1 • (for war). d, the people of ig of Ibn al-Sharid i avenging Ibn al-Shar: ti of Thaqif ■ned I should have bee: ace and fleshless bones a at the end of the nigl of a thick short-haired The Life of Muhammad t?2l™ZiTA ought a lUght en I built up glory o e of you pullet Tie Life of Muhammad Abu Thawab Zayd b. Sul Quraysh conquered Hav There was a time, Qura Quraysh, wh. Tie Life of Muhammad THE CAPTURE OE »L-TA'lF, A.H. ( .1,..! »,lh suS-rc people, who k e will fight not caring The apostle journeyed by Nakhl.tu'l-, .mini,., and Qarn, and al- ™ho covets ns wishing to fight us (let him come). ! are in a well-known home which we never leave, r fathers were here long since d we hold its wells and vineyards. d the wise and intelligent told them about it. ng down the high looks of the ptoud.' d the wrongdoe? toVc"™ how, to the discerning aminglike,t.*rsin e the g s'ky. °° e lid b. 'Arid al-Jushaml s.id about the apostle's e*p Don't help al-Llt for God is about to destroy her. She that was burned in black smoke and caught fire killed In arrows he (T. withdrew ami) pitched The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad Dahhakb.Sufyanal-KilaK.ooktlK.matUMr il they let Marwan's family go, and he fro. JSjjftKSS The day the apostle looked away from you Marwan b. Qays led you by his rope Some of Thaqif behaved badly to you, (If anyone comes to them asking for troubl When you weredmost ia<tef»ir (843). •JZS&. rom Quraysh : the clan of B. Umayya b. 'A! I-'As b. Umayya; and Trfitra b. ]amial>, ; itis; 'Adly and his brother 'Abdullah; the clan of B. Sa'd b. Layth: Julayha h. From the Ansar: from B. Salima: Thabit b. al-Jadha' ; from B. Mazin 876 b. al-Najjar: al-Harith b. Sahl b. Ahu Sa'sa'a; from B. Sa'ida: al-Mundhir mt) so that she might b rom Quraysh, four from the Ansar (Al-TS'if) was a sequel to the The Life of Muhammad ring pool ruffled by the wind Und^h'eJmdyofZLriS 877 he said, 'O God, guide Thaqif who had provided th, , r »stle) called'Zuhayr Surad said: 'O Apostle of God, in the enclosures are your patema ' They replied, 'Do you give us the choice betiu:i is nut . have put me to shame.' Then the apostle said, 'He who holds to his ri to these cap 11 1 si, cam,!,, for every man from the first boo a girl called Rayta d. Hilal b. Hayyan b. 'Umayra b. Hilal b. Nasir; JafV, a client of 'Abdullah b, 'Umar from 'Abdullah h. Tin ould not conceive and her husband would not care and her milk was not ich. So he let her go for the si* camels when Zntiayr said this. They e Life of Muhammad land of those of his people who ■, m en.f 1 »rh > (;,Kl.rvouh a d(T.Ih«d)« i. Jariyaal-ThaqafianallyofB.Zuhra;'Uyay- The Life of Muhammad Though I protected my people in t Myself unprotected I was given no But a few small camels To the number of their four legs! i-ith Talld b. Kilab al-Laythrto 'Abdullah b. 'Amr b. al-'As as he .■ was with tin: apostle when the Tamlmlte spoke to him on the nothing on it It went though before Seen ar Muhammad b. 'All b. al-Husayn, Abu j.' had gut them altog ■ flucks and herds while you take Tht Li/r of Muhammad kb.Jt ,in. Having completed the pdgrim ""' " , P le in'rehg nj* pilgrimage was in DhM-Q.'d. If was followed by tl lhui-Hiu : a(8 53 ). from !h=°rime'the apostle left 1 ■ell us plainly if you don' 598 The Life of Muhammad If you don't accept what I say I shall not grieve Nor say if you stumble God help youl Bujayr said to Ka*b: Who will tell Ka'b that that for which you wrongly blame me To God alone not al-'CJzza and al-Lat On a day when none will escape Zuhayr's religion is a thing of naught Ka'b used the title al-Ma'mun (855) simply for the reason that Quraysh wrote his ode in which him to go and ask for his life. He got up and went and sat 1 and placed his hand in his, the apostle not knowing who he 1 Muslim. Would you accept him as such if he came to you And she does not hold to her plightec eahyi. front (tall) as a milestone; itTslipoflT Onager-lik, is she ; her side slabbed with firm flesl far removed from the ribs; Her nose aquiline ; in her generous ears are signs oi Her muzzle juts out from her eyes and throat, a, do not take away (milk) little bv !i The Life of Muhammad shrilly, her arms weak, who had no understanding when brought of the death of her firstborn son: :r breast with her hands, while her tunic is rent in pieces ilk on both sides of my camel, saying, 'Verily, O grandson 'iend'of whom I was hopeful said, ' I will not help thee out ! g-out(oft Ten should the (false) sayings about rr >ngst a band of Kuraish, whose spokesi ssed Islam in the valley of Mecca, 'Der. Bright, ample, will They are not exul Asimb.'Umarb.Qi ■n take to flight,' he : ^ wh.os.' n nl i* the ;vn,r ofti rt feared by n „gl"onewho. M, 2 The Life of Muhammad Who devote their lives to their prophet They purify themselves with the hlood of infidels; Their habit is that of thick-necked lions If you come to them for protection They smote 'All' such a blow on the day of Badr As brought the downfall of all NkSr. Those that dispute with me would recognize the trut The Life of Muhammad 603 e (to stay behind) and do not tempt me. Surely they have fallen into sought to please himself n ■ . h (857). 854 'Asim b. 'Umar b. Qati Ruman and 'Abdul of a raid and annot which he actually intended. This was the"i plainly that he was making for the Byzantine e season difficult, and the enemy in great strength rangements the apostle said wja 1 to fight the B. AsfavJadd?' I •Abdullah b. Nab >ther of B. Qaynuqa long the hypocrite ningt *em God sent da wn: 'They sought :\li bcr inTtobok after h is family, and ordert e hypo crites spoke evil of uxiis >ons and caught up ', haltin ginal-Jurfandre] seated to him what t to me (862). In the morning when the men had no water they complained to the apostle, so he prayed, and God sent a cloud, and so much rain fell that •■.,,::,:■■; : ■ ■.■...■■: ■■■:: ■ :,:■ I H. except that there will be no prophet after me?' So 'All returned to Medina 'Abdu'l-Ashhal told me that he said to Mahmiid, 'Do the men know the from Ibrahim b. Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas from his father Sa'd told me that he ^jay existed in his brother, his father, his uncle, and his family, yet they Then 'All returned to Medina and the apostle went his way. Abu Khay- told rac of a man whose hypocrisy was notorious. He used to go wherever thama(T. brother of B. Saiim) returned to his family on a hot day some the apostle went ind when the ulLiu at al-Hijr happened and the apostle days after the apostle had set out. He found two wives of his in huts in his prayed as he did and God sent a cloud which brought a heavy rain they garden. Each had sprinkled her hut and cooled it with water and got ready said, 'We went to him Baying "Wm to you! Have you anything more to food for 1 tid what they had done for him and said: 'The apostle is out Durmg the course of the journey th. d the wind and the heat and Abu Khaythama is in a cool companions went in search of it. The a hypocrite (863). Zayd said while he was in 'Umara's camp and 'Uma was with the ape:-;' '■ ^ a prophet and c; 6o6 The Life of Muhammad itle exclaimed, 'Why, Zayd said this before you came. 'Umara d on Zayd pricking him in the neck and saying, 'To me, you ser- Godl I had a misfortune in my company and knew nothing of it. I and men began to drop behind. i wind him in h from Iraq on pilg! icy saw the bier on the top of tl b. Humayyir'(864) were pointing at (T. going with) the apostle as he wa , journeying to T.biik saying one to another, 'Do you think that fighting th ",e*.n ofAyla.f hthe',, ,"-' i .-- of Syria, "d™ =™dT£p ophet.' H l££ ,„":,: B: rained from eoinE 4,™' o thei ,"ng" : cir'ra! orle? iH'd kl.Qlidb.al ])fiii,.i. l/kavtlir Puma; he was a Ch Thei ipostle told Khali Khailt u sight of 1 fchtwi right moo: Jtaydi ibbing the irt all the night. I d'urgei inn, if be taT 'iSc, ZSCS, ;,;'*' ; goSrS erod, ^ :': M ripp" hi, family, ■ydir-™. The Life of Muhammad ponder Tabuk, (let them) ^^ B _ Ghif|rj but j did not remem ber them until I recalled that they ' fi S ht - were a clan of Aslam who were allies of ours. When I told him this he said, man in the way of God on one of his camels ? The most painful thing to il-Musl^ijiu;. The apostle ordered should stay behind.' hand under the rock, and water began to flow into his hand as God willed. a mosque for the sick and needy and for nights of i Then he sprinkled the rock with the water and rubbed it with his hand and should like V™ w ^ t0 us mi P ra y for "S there.' Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri reported from Ibn Lkayma al-Laytht journeyed the night with him. While we were at al-Akhdar rs^t zfj&ssEsL «uw&mncc n« m in e gZm! 'hose who chose a mosque in opposition ind unbelief an d to cause divi- .yd, one . bfl Habiba a'labab.Hati'bofB'. Umayya b. al-Az'ar, bothofB. Pubay j.aydiMn'.i ■«b. Zayd;'Ab ofB.'Ubaydb. lib b. Qushayr; badb.Bunayf, not speak to them <f . until God sent down His word con, ibout when his sight 'foiled, said: I heard my father Ka'b telling his SI I had never held back from any raid the apostle had undertaken exc .!!(.■ iutllu ot li.^li, an,! tba; v,,. an .■nj^ir.cnt wind, nunc v. as blar ■e were about eighty of the secret thoughts to God. 612 The Life of Muhammad had said, and they got the same answer. They we ■l-'Amri of B. 'Amr b. 'Auf, and Hilal b. Abu Ui silent. The apostle forbade anyone to speak to us three out of those wh listed and stayed in their houses, but I was younger and hardier, so 1 use while he sat after prayers, asking myself if his lips had moved in returnir, » of the Muslims I waited off and climbed over the wall of Abu Qatada's i by God he did not return my saidm so I said, '0 Abu Qatada, I adjure sss o'inted m^ou? W hun^hl ■eamTand W gave" I should separate myself fror, }.' When I read it I thought i tion was such that a polythei to the oven and burned it. rr approach her. Mytwocomp old man, lost without a sen :h time as God should give a 111 of the fiftieth night i: Talha b. 'Ubaydullah got up and greeted me and congratulated me, but nc other muhajir did so. {Ka'b never forgot this action of Talha's.) When I saluted the apostle he said as his face shone with joy, 'This ii ■ ■ ■ The Life of Muhammad I i Th^ will kill y : rl. L - pm^r to %h: them, so jpostle the good news of thei: ma rqomed his companions a;;d bro^ebt the camd, l how to salute the apostle, for they were used to the >que, so they allege. Khalid b. Sa'id b. al-'As acted The Life of Muhammad lid not want to frighten their people by deetr ive to break tl S&i s£0 rith your own h has no prayer hands ■ ey would perfc .ghitwas When they hs >cument he api d accepted I lan b. AbC Swert h he d r JS Sst bMbdull hem. Thisw rniing the Qi ah b. 'Atlya iran. Abu >. Sufyan Bakr had told 1 ipostle. He wo ildcon 4bu Hind from Mutarrif b. 'Abdullah b. al~Shakhkhir : apostle sent with them Abu Sufyan a: ^hey tr " _ ughira and told h d her and taken what was on her and apostle before the Thaqif deputation wht apostle agreed and QSril to WyThe debts of'U md when al-Mughira h i it is required.' The apostle ordered rwa and al-Aswad from the property ad collected its money he told Abu E the document the aposl '\ God, to the believers:' injured. Anyone founc le wrote forthem runs: 'In the name Abu Sufyan, as al-Mughira smote her with the axe, aaid 'Alas for you, theTemple "hen he^me to it, «nd that none nee polythcists w herever you find them rayer and pay the poor-tax, then 1< y, merciful. If one of the polytheist m. The Life nf Muhammad 6ic halTcLumambulaW the tempT HeVho tie has it for his appointed time (only). >Iytheist went on pilgrimage or circumambulated the temple naked. Then the apostle gave orders to fight the polyt heists who had broken the ur months which had been given them as a fixed time, save that if anyone ■hem shov.-cd hostility he should be killed for it. And He said, -Will you d God will relent,' i.e. after nby . Then He said (v. 28): 'The polytheism a: His bounty,' i.e. in some other way, 'if He will. He is knowing, wise. : those who do not believe in God and the last day and forbid not that from among those who have been given the scripture until they pay. ;o lose by the closing of the markets." God gave them compensation by way of poll tax from the people of scripture. ien He mentioned the two peoples of scripture with their evil and their gainst Him until the worda 'Many of the rabbis and monks devour i wealth wickedly and turn men from the way of God. Those who they allow that which God has forbidden, the evil of their det good to them. But God does not guide a disbelieving people/ :ter with you that when it v The Lift of Muhammad 6*. 3of oth. help him « ill God ighedupom swear by G« too ra,«'. h b«"ywJabk . 'MayGoc . Why d; ve (to my behind) b, 3: Six 3=rtK as far as th ■ m were 'Abdullah b. ■ with the Byzantine i. Then the accou at goes on t the word! 1' If they were i of them is he wh If they are given so :ir worldly life. Then He explaii led and specified t, » whom aln !S Should b. : given: 'Alms The Life of Muhammad those words was Nabtal b. al-Hiirith, brother of ] e said, 'If you ask them they will say We were but tall Do you scoff at God and His signs and His apostle i e words was Wadi'a b. Thabit, brother of B. Umavv . The. lukhashshin b. Humayyir al-Ashja'i, an ally of B. The description of them continues to the words, '() prophet, %ht the unbelievers and disaffected, and deal roughly with them. Their abode is hell, an evil resting-place, They swear bv God that they did not say it but planned wltal they could r Cod ;.m! His apostle had enriched the] " mnty-totl ■uuavdh e Quran c I have chosen. It « ! in God and His apostle strive along with His apostle, men of wealth among them asked your permission (to stay behind).' Ibn Ubayy was one of them and God th which rivers flow wherein they shall a! :riumph. And the excuse- offering Bedouin t: r (the discomfiture of) t! e Life of Muhammad The Life of Mukai sincere and faithful Bedouin among them and Well-aimed blows blazing like a hot fii ard rage at not getting a (heavenly) ave when they get there ; then the brought, the punishment of hell Neither falling short nor They gave him their fealty, not ont e raid on Najd, where wit e raid of al-Qa* when we Those are the people, the prophet They died honourably, faith unbrt ■purity were of us {874). KVwTenTothmJb They were scared by tl Thinking that he would be slain. Fighting the miscreants of the peoples in his defen \ , brightly polished swords g The Life of Muhammad re the leaders and guides of men, the people of the 'sacred temple, Quraysh became o God's religion 'in batches' as God said, coming to him from all irifyGod with praise and ask His pardon for He is most forgiving," rdon, for He is most forgiving. The Life of Muhammad n with it above (all) that He had created. believed in God's apostle; the most noble men in reputation, the hig in dignity, and the best in deeds. The first of creatures to answer God's helpers and the assist, they believe in God; and he who believes in God and His apostle protected his life and property from us; and he who disbelieves we fight in God u: ■ . : him will be a small matter to The Life of Muhammad i ours.' In the end t e gifts. al-Ahum behind (The worst of character And if they are beater In battle when death is at hand They are like lions in Halya witl , and when I do that smite him with your sw r ord.' When they > 3 2 The Life of Muhammad The L ill the land against you with horses and men.' When they went away the The night the horses cam. tpostle said, 'O God, rid me of 'Amir b. al-Tufayl.' On their way back Who sent the mournings Amir said to Arbad, 'Confound you, Arbad, why didn't you do what I Like young gazelles in a b irdered ? By God there is no man on the face of the earth whom I fear more The lightning and thunde :han you, but by God I shall never fear you after today.' He answered. For the brav: Don't be hasty with me. Whenever I tried to get at him as you ordered. Who spoil..-,.: As they were on their way back God sent a bubonic plague in 'Amir' to say, 'O Banu 'Amir, A boil like the boil of a young camel in the hous 'Nothing, by God,' he said; 'he asked ua to worshi nd liver. . not weep f. I was sure we had parted (for ever) the day t heyai The shares of the heirs fly off in double and single And authority 1 goes to the young man. Though farewell to Arbad brings little of th. Fo? beads must be held together by a string: And Arbad was a warlike knight When the howdahs with their coverings wen With faces unveiled and legs bare; On that day men fled to him for safety As a man at large flees to the sanctuary. He who came to Arbad's cooking-pot praiset If a woman were his guest roach, The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad 635 s.NowPimSmwas ,du']-Muttalib?'Tt Nii'.vny!]' from kimiyb clii-i li kindly words. He replied: 'Muhammad, 636 Th,Lif,ofM»hamm ■J I leave m, religion for you, vhal God asked the apostl available. Al-Ja, io°pcHrEi,3ii TEt H.re'phed.'N™ lon^blM Zit'u !. Hanifa brought him to tl : - ■ ■ A shaykh of B. Hanifa from the people ■me words as before and he replied, • I have done so, but do no y until you find one of your people whom you can trust who c not be shamed in the glory of al-Yam I said that this was i* sound judgement The Life of Muhammad ou not half a Christian P" 1 When 1 said that 1 was he sal rnong your people collecting a quarter of their stock?" is not generally known. Then in: Bald, "It may well be that the poverty soon flow so copiously among them that there will' not be the people to ™ 5HE.pl^ THEC OMIXC OF FAF.W. t^kinrs of K nd/'shortlv' before Ts "Sir -AjcV b. Milik (89.). Theyp,. ed by Luflt" with sonl The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad While we are happy and rejoice in it, Wearing a loose coat of mail glittering like a pool Those whom men envy for fate's favours Had you met me you would have met a lion with & And if the noble persisted so should we! Matching h Al-Zuhri told me that he came with eighty ridei accepted Islam. He had said to Qays b. Makshiih al-Muradl when news said that they had he asked why this silk was rou have heard that a man of Quraysh called Muhammad has appeared in the Then al-Ash'ath said, 'We are the sons of the i Hijaz claiming to be a prophet, so come with us so that we may find out the so are you.' The apostle smiled and said that t meet him we will follow him. If he is not a prophet we shall know.' But men were merchants and when they went about an Dolytheii cepted was not Kashar but Shakar. 'Then what is the news of it?'- -they asked. •Victims offered to God are being killed there now,' he said. The two men went and sat with Abu Bakr or it may have been 'Uthman and he They your people/ iding camels, and ploughing oxen. The cattle of any (other) to that raid said : (Khath'am used to assail Aid in pagan times and The Life of Muhammad 6. i'aym b. 'Abdu Kulil, and al-NVman prince of Dhu Ru'ayn at I'afir and Hamdan. Zur'a Dhu Yazan sent Malik b. Murra al-Raha- h their submission to Islam and abandonment of polytheism and i al-Nu'min prince of Dhu Ru'ayn and Ma'afir and Hamdan. I prai d the only God unto you. Your messenger reached me on n urn from the land of the Byzantines and he met us in Medina and co; JdsfastwhisreligionJeworC!. 'I'j'fT. 'seduced) M rS e ^vS?SSH e ^hr^^JG o J a (T 'V ,a The Life of Muhammao The Life of Muhammad of the best of my people, i. Abu Bakr told me that he rshly; announce good news e of the people with scripture who will ask you about len said: Deal gently ;0 p!e. You are rought him to crutiiy him iu- : When the Romans were between the door and Am! i thought to sleep but k had made me we ou will be safe,' so tb a of His prophet, fort The Life of Muhammad 'Amr b. 'Abdullah The Life of Muhammad •The curse of God is ach men the rites of >r-:. f iH^cr. int^i.Tc..- ■ inthe S ky;Iat e r a tthebeginni al waten)* "and the sky waters, o him. A Jew or a Christian who becom. The Life of Muhammad « turned fj\ seduced) from must pay a golden dinar or a has the guarantee of God i apostle, and whosoever turns back lT. Yazid b. 'Abdullah b. Qusayt told brother Sulayman, from Abu Sa'id al- Ziyad b. Labid, brother of B. Bayada al-Anssri, he sent to he sent to Tayyi' and fi. .-\ s;i d; Mfdik b. to Musaylima: 'From Muhammad the apostle of God to Musaylima the liar. Peace be upon him who follows the guidance' The earth is God's. The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad be free of the ikram until I slaughter my victims.' - 'Abdullah b. Abu Najlh told me that the apostle bad sent ' and met him in Mecca when he was still in a statu of ihram. \ Fa(ima the apostle's daughter and found her dressed in to slaughK ), "0 God, "I will invoke thy' God, I will invoke th lUT slave and your apostle Muhammad does." ' Wfcen f)e I had completed the pilgrimage and the a Yahya b. 'Abdullah b. 'Abdu'1-Rahm think of little account, so beware of him inyourreligioi a sacred month is only an excess of disbelief whereby "PortponcmeMof God hi allowed." 1 > of Mudar,* ' ■Aklid every "n Gods n ceivefrumhimco •npe, "" 0rJ " Arafa 'This MuSaltf ^he" ^™' US l" J; . on Quaah on ti i!ii" '""".',a £! >mph ught sla, ightet S pU, "■/nil slaucjatenac. r lac Alma is a slaught trim ■St The anTforbi IZ uma i ■';;"" S cS.tVwn. ile'l ' P 11 -- bee 1 Licit: ti^- •pet ltd id no 1 go on pilgrimage „ftt Theatre apos END IN< LT. ,7, topped in Medina for LES" PINE Ml- ed the people ton ■„-,,, : U-. fh™ rav rl.yi i. Z.,d b. Hlrith: ',,','h .hi,:!, ■':;:; 77ic /.//, of Muhammad 65; ■ab. inviting them to 1,1am in the period between al-Hud.ybi; , death.) _ was a memorandum fi.' the name.) of those the apostle sent to th ies and kings of the Arabs and non-Arabs and what he said to hi nions when he sent them. I sent it to Muhammad b. Shirra lack from Jesus son of Mary.' They asked how they had hung bac l-hose wtoha'd to™ . short jomney were pleased and aeeepted ,ho had a long journey before them were displeased and refused t 1 Jesus complained of* of (T. Jesus said 'This i The ,e whom Jesus of Mil 17 sent , be ,h disciple s an. .1 the ae who disciple an jelonged to the f .disciple)! atthew to the la ;i the c f Babel which is in the land of hilip tc ■ a; John toEpr ,Jcn the'disciplcs'w. r; 1'B <*£] rfj. s ::!::;' ;,::S i : rial'sl-' S'b f "in?! b. L tSal Mun Ht '1-Qavs jfal ■ b"ai-'As t, jayfar b. Jul.ndl and zi i£ :i i,i(-|is J ulct 3£ ,| ! Um5n; son; Dihya b. Khalifa al- Kalbl a 1-Khaz: rajl st,y ; h ° ™ h the apostl The Life of Muhammad i out from Hims, which was his ™y sovereign ;nii,.y ,, vAuat v.t had r„iu>,:,] jl.ti. ;,t and ha,l lu- m 1 10 this claim so that we might return it to him ? Again I said No. Then Fights leZTgiven i^fet^Ste o'triphlm^ is, by God, 'is he sum: noned his c hief of police and told him to turn Syr,,, up I ..id that I -, ,„d by C by God, HIwetetoHeth The Life of Muhammad The Li f e °f Muhamma ^ replied that he is the prophet whon , we expect: thTre is nod" ubt about it, money I pay him.' They replied, 'Are we to pay the low and insignificant T- '5*8 stronger country ? By God, we will never do it.' He said, "Tt Then he looked down on them froi bavebl e ght h y ou C to ( She r™ a is Syria while he leaves roe the land of Sha'm.. ' Syria with thtmmeant By God, he is truly the prophet whi >m we expect and find in ( land of Syria, 1 while what was beyond the Pass meant Sha'rr. come and let us follow him and beli< this world and the next.' As one : ran to the doors to get out, but fou nd them bolted. He ordei iSTatthey of Sha'm? By God, we will never do it.' At this refusal he s; i against" him should be brought back to him, fear words that I might see the firmnes down on the Pass facing Sha'm and said, 'Farewell for the last time, happened, and I am delighted with They fell down in obeisance and The apostle sent Shuja' b. Wahb, brother of B. Asad b. * al-Mundhir b. al-Harith b. Abu Shimr al-Ghassani, lord of s said to Dihya b. Khal (T. via Salama: The apostle sent 'Amr b. Umayya at-I )amri to the T. '569 brought the apostle's letter: 'Alas, ■■■ ..-■ ■■ king of Abyssinia, Peace. I praise Allah unto you the Kir ». th, Holy. Go to Daghjtir the bishop and t .at Icmi, son of Mary is the spirit of God and His word which He cast yaghitir said: 'Your ihmut k a r him by his description, and we i scriptures.' Then he went and dii icarded his black clothes and put on for I am the apostle of God. I have sent to you my nephew Ja'iar with a ::i "ZtZX r*te haughtiness, f (m, work) a. "my™ Trei?e'm?°.d»i' ^ScTupo' old y §|S B upon you, replied: .r.,,,1,,!,, IS; m the Negus al-Asha m b. Abjar, P ,'and by the 1 «»! toptwhThe' 2jj that with whi "ouwe re'sent'to scrap more than what testify th at you are God's apo \iz 'In I°°bo°o°kT to taw firming (tho, nephew and ou). Ih: 'my. g i™hr™i"?m' ■oToSfrd", The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad £25 «*S»™ •ns£t 'hMZnta Sivrli" ... Blbaw.yh Muhammad b. Maslama, brother of b. Haritha, to al-Qurati' c Khaybar; Zayd b. Haritha to al-Jamiim in B. Sulaym county from "Amr b. flablb from Ibn Ishiq say 'in Ifisma country'. The Life of Muhammad >e said (to it),' ! themselves that only followed by Dihya b. Khalifa al-K bl who came from Caesar, king of t Greeks, whom the apostle had ser 'Os and his son 'Os of Pulay' a da 'oUuSam^tckedDihya^Tsek day Qurra b. Ashqar al-pifari o the clan al-Pulay' proclaimed h :ent Zayd b. Haritha against I they of Salamanai the man who displayed it had as it were fixed it on the withers of his horse as he cried, 'Forward, outstrip them!') and he advanced driving them. Unayf said 'Burl,' but Hassan said 'Gently.' When they stopped by Zayd b. Haritha Hassan said, 'We are Muslims.' Zayd said, 'Then recite the first sura.' When he did so Zayd ordered that it should be proclaimed through the army that God had declared their land sacrosanct except as regards those who had broken their covenant. Hassan's sister, the wife of Abu Wabr b. ;AdTy b. Umayya b, al-Dubayb, him by the waist. Ummu'1-Fizr of Pulay' said, 'Are you taking your daughters and leaving your mothers ?' One of B. al-Khasib said, 'She is (of) B. al-l?ubayb and their tongue utters spells all the day long.' Some of the army heard this and told Zayd and he gave orders that the hands of daughters of her uncle until God should decide what should be done with them. So they went back. He forbade the army to go down into the valley j whence they had come and they passed the night with their people. They sought their night draught of milk from a herd belonging to Suwayd b. Zayd and when they had drunk it they rode off to Rifa'a b. Zayd. Among those who went were Abu Zayd b. 'Amr ; Abu Shammas b. 'Amr ; Suwayd b. Zayd; Ba'ja and Bardha' and Tha'laba, sons of Zayd; Mukharriba b. •Adiy; Unayf b. Milla; and Hassan b. Milla. until in the mornm- th P v came up with Rifa'a women of Judham (T. are dragged as) i Umayya b. Dat-ira, the isibite, departed early from behind' )f your tongue.' (T. So he withdrew) and st The Life of Muhammad The Life of Muhammad ce. He fought (T. he met) t em. Q.ysb.al-Mu.ahhKd-Y: ,.Hudh.,fab,B.dr,andUmm openly, a: id when he had < lone so tu last hey told hi m. Three times he Vm7*!£ ■vSa ha'z back those s right an, [ obj^cd hat Zayd would n« it obey hil "> _ wl n who scolds unkindly, two daughters among tl d'to'-oTandAus a Qirfa belonged to ! ,he held a position < ,y, 'Had you been mo al-Yusayr b. Ri Z am( 9 o S ). Now al-Yusayr (T^the H«. m Khaybar ^ The Life of Muhammad Tke Li f e °f Muhammad On the second occasion 'Abdullah b. 'Atlk raided Khaybar and killed The aposde sent him tors ly; Najwa d. Nahd ; Jumay'a d. Qay 'Adiy b. Jundab had a serious fall h al-Kalbi, the Kalb of Layth, was Then he took me into his house and gave me a stick telling me' to keep !" m an J d ; J attacked hk " ■** *•* weapons he pronounced the sha it by me. When I went out with it the people asked me what I was doing but we did , , ■ : h t ■ n we came to the a, keep it, and they said, 'Why don't you go back to the apostle and ask him Usama, from ignoring the confession of faith ?" I told him that the ma why?' So I did so, and he said, 'It is a sign between you and me on the pronounced the words merely to escape death; but he repeated his until his death, when he ordered that it should be put in his winding man " J"*"" hlm ".^J 8 ™? ™^d promised that I would never sheet and it was buried with him (906). m ™ w ™ pronounced the skahada. He said, You will say it after To return to the expeditions: The raid of Zayd b. Haritha and Ja'far Usama!" and I said that I would.' b. Abu Talib and 'Abdullah b. Rawaha to Mu'ta in Syria in which all ' u -" ft " *«prapW«<b«"h. 668 The Life of Muhammad country of Judham called al-Salsal (T- Salasil), from which the raid tool whom were Abu Bakr and 'Umar. He told Abu 'Ubayda when he sent hin come only to reinforce me.' 'No,' said Abu 'Ubayda, 'but I have my sphcr. tion on whom the affairs of this world sat lightly. So when 'Amr insistei quarrel, and though you disobey mc i will obi:y you,' to which he replied An informant' who had it from Rail' b. Abu Ran' al-Ta'Iy who »a postle and the people, so why si , 'You asked me for the best ad Zubayr from his :en he sought the ,1-Ashja'T, 'Uyayna, who v while the apostle said, 'No, but you will accept fifty camels as bit money on this journey and fifty on our return.' He went on refusing oted, and by God Muhallim died within a week, and the earth I swear r.k d him. They buried him again, but the earth rejected him, and yet a ights (forming a narrow gap) and laid him out between them and then led rocks on him until they had covered him. When the apostle heard Salim Abu'1-Nadr told us that i L.yayna b. Hisn i Qays were addressed privately by al-Aqra' thus: 'You men of Qays, take the bloodwit (911). from Ibn Ha him to help s apostle, he being a man of high reputation among Jusham. The apostle The Life of Muhammad One whom I have nc al-KhaRab about we; that he would give tl ople but they suffer from pestilence and disease e never known; they do not use light weights and God's book and t ehave arrogantly 1 in regard to w but God brings u 'Then he order d 'Abdu'l-Rahman. b. *Auf to m n the morning he wore a black apostle told him loose behind him, saying, "Tu 'Abdu'l-Rahman took The Life of Muhammad 673 commanded by Abu 'Ubayda and furnished them with a supply of dates. and finally he could give each n h l da* he divided them among us and a man lacked even a date and vl ieit the loss of them ...d, 'It was food which God provided for you' (,,3). [Ibn Hamld ' ' ,aq from J,' (tbn Hamrd told us from Salama b. al-Fadl fro o Medina and tell the prophet the new, ; he cou , the country well and was fleet-footed. W a might begin by going nd I am more easily recognizable than a piebald horse. However, Ka'ba we passed by one of their groups and a man recognized me and the Meccans rushed at us, saynia, 'By Cod, 'Amr has come for no good. The Life of Muhammad . Malik b. 'Ubaydullah al-Taymi cutting grass p of his. When he asked who I was I told hi. He said that he was also, adding of B. al-I 11 the apostle. Now le sons of Qayla 1 when they assembled, ■f night (I would ,ay luuinbt). 1 hem to surrender, and when they refused I sh< he other surrendered. I bound him and took 1 Ibn Ishaq from Sulayman b. Wardan from The Life of Muhammad laqburi from Abu Ham The Life of Muhammad and brought them to the apostle as he returned from the raid of Dhu called his wives and asked their permission to be nursed in my house, Qarad. He cut off their hands and feet and gouged out their eyes. and they agreed (918). feet were dragging as he came to my house. 'Ubaydullah told this tradi- The apostle sent Usama to Syria and commanded him to take the cavalry (T. but that 'A'isha could not bring herself to speak well of him though the men got ready and all the first emigrants went with Usama (917). Then the apostle's illness worsened and he suffered much pain. He ' suffering from , 'Nay, 'A'isha, .bdu'l-I lahman b. 'Abdullah told me from one of the family of Sa'td tead boi f Usama, saying, 'He has put a young man in command of the migrants and the helpers.' After praising God as is His due he :iand as his father was.' Then he came down and the people ied <;■! ■ rith their preparations. The apostle's pain became severe and ) The Life of Muhammad ama and his army went out as far as al-Jurf, about , iously ill'usama 6 and Z" men Stayed thTr'e to I sted. Then some of b s while his uncle 'Abbi The Life of Mukan rntad 11 like Joseph's companions; tell hin ^use I knew that people would r .'splace, and would blame him for r ted Abu Bakr to be spared this.' ihab said, 'Abdullah b. Abu Bak l a number of Muslims was with h ;;:;; Umartr. get up and lead the prayers, so he t.' So I was sent'to Abu Bakr ai ,-ou would get pleurisy;' he replied, =d to take this medicine, except i (T. Muhammad b, Ja'far b. al-Zubayr told I t he would levil, and God would not let it have power over me.') motioned to them (T. with his hand) that they should 'continue their impanio no:' partis e." I, aid (to myself), Tl enl,y<;'o, 1 he is not choosing wno/c ie without being given the choice. ellus,n.i lely that a prophet A] -Zulu an b. 'Abdullah b. 'Urn i that 'A'isha said: ■ rr.phct ' ,ec.me seriously ill he the people to tell >G Bakr s rod the prayer,. •&*, weal voice who wept ai nevertheless, and I repe Sri :hat AbQ Bakr was reread the Quran. md if I leave them (to elect my successor) one better :he people knew that the apostle had not appointed a * Abu Bakr b. 'Abdullah b. Abu Mulayka told me tha' :ame the apostle went out to morning prayer with hi: while Abu Bakr was leading the prayers. When the a The Life of Mulummal SfT," s 2£ nd left *U % rin^hSjS' Jod, God i M nmortal/'Then] tie. Apostle, ha- Quran allows and forbid only what the Quran forbids.' When he bad ended these words Abu Bakr said to him: 'O prophet told me: That day 'All went out from the apostle and the men asked him ,01 1 how the apostle was and he replied that thanks be to God he had recovered. a slave. I swear by God that I recognized 'death in the apostle's face as I He who turns back does no harm to God and God will reward the grateful/' is to be with others we will request him to enjoin the people to treat us The people took it from him and it was (constantly) in their mouths, well.' 'All answered: 'By God, I will not. If it is withheld from us none 'Umar said, 'By God, when I heard Abu Bakr recite these words I was Ya'qiib b. 'Utba from al-Zuhri from 'Urwa from 'A'isha said: The knowing that the apostle 7 wITindeed dLl.^ "* "" apostle came back to me from the mosque that day and lay in my bosom. 'Ubadi i in thi ! hall of B. Sa'ida, and . 'Ali and a Muhajirin gathered : .yd b. Jmar telling them that tt hall of B. Sa'ida. 'II you want 1 . ouse, the burial unng ^3 ' lad locked the door of the house. n of the Ansar gathered round By God, the apostle will return as Moses returned a bn Shihib al-Zuhri from 'Ubaydulh g him to read the Qura The Life of Muhammad ■and-so. Fealty ica tonight :.iul The Life of Muhamt. tad 685 ratified. Admittedly it was smselvesas they did to AbQBakr. He who accepts a man as ruler without consulting the Muslims, such acceptance has no validity for either of them: they are in danger of being killed. What happened was that when God took awj] I lis apostft the An sar opposed us of the people. (T. you will come to the home of the kijra i b. Nufayl sitting by li their chiefs in the hall of B. Sa'id Deoplehadcometo. They knee this pulpit "lty kid on mm thority only in this clan of Quraysh, 1 One of the Ansar said : 'I am the rubbing post and the fruitful propped-up lalm/ ^ Let us have one ruler and you another, O Quraysh.' Altercation Muhaiirin f so) we jumped on Sa'd I Al-Zuhri said that 'Urwa b. al-Zubayr told him tl purify themselves', 2 the apostle said that the b death and said that they wished that they r. 1 the caliphate of Abu Bakr, AbQ Bakr said after praising God: 'I have been given authority over you but I am not the best of you. If I do well, help me, and if I do ill, then put me right. Truth consists in loyalty and falsehood in treachery. The weak among you shall be strong in my eyes until I secure his right if God will ; B The Life of Muhammad Tke Li f e °f Muhammad from 'A'is Husayn b. 'Abdullah told me fro tnd Abii Talha Zayd b. Sahl used to house, none knowing who it and said ' My r '" e haB dro PP ed - But J threw ir in purposely that I might Irt on pouring water oiTthe My father Ish5 1 b ' Yas * r told me from Mi q sam > freedman of 'Abdullah in the time of 'Urn; . AbQ Talib. Whei b. al-parith: I we i he had finished 1 Jtion water was pour sd out for him and ] jposethatal-Mughlr postle?' When they like him to give the a tells you that hew pTAM 'nb^S 1° olLtto AM b ,; U »; *" -A'i.1.. told Mm: The apostle wore , black eta ra (T. thy) the apostle.' The one sent to ^mJ^tS^I^SSl^sSl^T^S'-X^ of their prophets ss mosques,' warning his community agai urial had been completed on the Tuesday ^n"^ ■ Then the people came to visit the apostle praying over l.irn l,v companies: "™' ' ""« ™"° '""' » ""» U! ™ '" ">• """ ™ first came the men, then the women, then the children (T. then the *"*? V'""' J " d I" d "' m r »»= d ' slaves). No man acted a, imam in ,he praver, over ibe apostle. The disaffection appeared. The Mushm. became a, sheep expo ■Abdullah b. AM Bakr told me from his wife Fitimad.fT* Muhammad ""hI,^ HtmwSn said : Fltima told me this MdTtion.' ° " ^ "' S '' ' "' With the prophet who departed from them this mom ^"JnS^' „..,,. .' When the tongue runs away with a man? The Life of Muhammad By God, no woman h Nor has God created IBN HISHAM'S NOTES wa, told by Ziyii b. 'Abd-lkb ,1-B.kM- dy: Amgh-Atgh -Fllikh'AWi'md™ 5£rci plpta?b* 8 "ph^' .^1. J,:r!-,um un, ih, „: of Qi.ht.ln from ,. 1:1 iuv J^r.dcd. the son of -Abir b. Sh.il The Life of Muhammad . Kha?a,fa b. Qays b. 'AyUn b. Muds tfninthepUceof'Adnin. « al-Juhani-Juhayna b. Zayd b. Layth b. SOd Quda'a son of Mti'ik soTof Ijim/ar.' thisevtn: Gcd revealo! t... ii!s prophet Muhammad : 'H.tba' in their du-elliiij;- place had a sign: two pmlcii. ane to the right Mud another to tb<- left; (.they: (Others say Afsa b. Du'mi b. Jadlla.) AI-A'sha' (Maymun b. Qays 1). Jiindal b. Sharahil b. 'Auf b. Sa'd b. Dubay'a b. Qays b. Tha'tab.i) wrote the The Life of Muhammad ■kness by light, Ahmad the prophet. I low bless* on,- of (be sons of I.u';;vy of 15. Qusayv!' TubL i. Tabikha b. Ilyas b. Mudar, use: The Life of Muhammad explicitly refers to it.] The Life of Muhammad *n S.yf. b. Dhu Y, mUf Wh.nS.yfwi Ibn Hisham's Note. i]-Ahmar; others say to Hammad the reciter. b . Daus u i_"l vfL di shows . (It is also attributed to Abu Duvviid al-lyadi whosi: Now Chosroes Slbur Dhu'l-Aktaf had attacked Saliriin. king of al-fladr, n3me was Jariya b. al-Hajjaj)- 5.. Klur difwaatf ie daughter F'Imran b. al- ^ki!' 1 ' name wa ' ' Abdullah b. 'Ami 63. A ce ed person tol i me thai :'Am N ' ■eople ['hey rcpli.-d shipping .andwhe: ' for rain theyj Thinking that the prince wc LKhiyiir Ei. MJbk b. X.L-.d h mp^.l !,; ' ;od sent Abu SufySn b. Harb — others say 'Aly b. Aba with her, they Bay Wasalat {sh ,e Wasila in Shurayf is a ihtfe-yciir The Life of Muhammad In cur early d; 1-Salt too was a son of al-Nadrjicoordir. nrb.Qaysb.'Aylan. Kuth i. al-Qayn b. Jasr b. Shay'ullah (or Say'ullah) b al-Asd b Wabara b rha'laba b. lfuh-.it, b. I:-:,.!,-, b. ;,! Hf,f b. QudS'a. Some say d. of al-Namir The Life of Muhammad ayda recited these verses to n ,. Qays b. 'Ayliin, adding a lin Su'ayd ion ,6. Ib„ k»i*.*Ut>VUt M!lL°b"i§ ri,tb K M "*„\ b !l£ h „^*b n 'Mm, Nusayb '.[-!»>•!■ Umm al-Akhtham, Umm Sutvfm. ' Safiyad.Hau, 1 1 1 b b a b Mu a b. Hawazi etofAbQS a yfiandflay^ a S W as a Hi n d'd.'!Snrb.Tha'lai mother of Nadla and Shift" was a woman of Quda'a; a, mghters: al-'Abbas, Han Safiya, Umm Hakim al-Bavda', 'Atika, Umayma, ArwS ■ Qasit b. Hinb b. Afsa y Afsa' b. Du'mi b. h . Ju'thuma al-Asd is also spoken of as Ju'thuma al-Azd. He was the son ™, la d - Wuhayb b. 'Abdn M.nSl b. Zuhra b. Kilab b. Murra b. K V. i3 hkurl>.Muha S h 3 hirb 9a-bb.ftAwBib.Nasrb.ZArtob.ai-ffdr.-ft b. Thl mother of 'Abdullah Ab- TTb 17 b d 11 the z'rls 2'b b. 'Abdullah b. Mdhk b. AW b. al-Asd b. al-Ghauth. Some omit the . > ■ . - - . « 7 o8 The Life of Muhammad The mother of al-Harith was Samra' d. Jundub tfsblb b. Suwa'a b. 'Amir b. §a'sa'a t>- Mu'awiya I . [S«p.iiaW.] . [This is T.'s reading.] Jnse Ibn Hisham's Not b. Rabl'a b- 'Amir b, ?a'sa'a b. Mu'awiya b. Bake b. HawLin bid given safe more than one learned person told me from A conduct to a caravan of al-Nu'man b. al-Mundhir. Al-Barrad b. Qays, one of B. Damra b. Bakr b. 'Abdu Manat b. Kinana, said to him, 'Did you give it "7* ' ™ ■J*? tle ^ h " as » . dow 7. ^ ="£ ' >hu TilaL in the high g cubits hiiiii. lr ivas covered with white Egyptii place in tl ubayd in 1 riiBfilc is too long to be mentioned here. I cannot Speed, O my horse, the Banu 'Abs are a great people 1 among tl prophet's biography, because E. 'Abs were allies of B. "Amir b. Sa'sa'a at tin- battl,- o f ' Jnd P <" andHajib b. Zurara b. 'I'd. w;„ iJ.Kt, P n,on,t 'Am, b. 'At^t' ',"■' <>^^™™«™.Sho« ^tntagante Za >' d b ' ' Ab(lu,!ah b - Da " m b - Malik b. Hanzala fied, and Jari ''\tZQuZ m ZZlZ^XTrZt^X^7L" t And 'Amr b. 'Amr when they cried, Help, 6 Darim! the father of 'Amir h. al-Tufayl tk WT of the Ghayajil whom Abu Tali people who exchanged us 'one who fcHfett " Wa/ ' '^ S a ' SO " eanS ° ne Wh ° HaS a ' arSe family LbQTalibsaid: Qays b. 'Amir b. al-Nu'man b. ; Amir b. "Abdu Wudd b 'Auf ; Ki- Bakr b. 'Auf b. 'Udhra b. Zayd Allat b, Rufavda b.Thaur b Kalb Wabra. Hakim b. Ffizam b. Khuuaylid had come from Syria with a pa, oi slaves amon S «l.™ was / ;: vd. m,n a y ( :un K man. Hi, aullt , who by t! /in g&ftdM A'c 32Hr ?„:! cghhST"^ I wept ov„- Z.yd, not knowing what By God I d„°n„t know, ^ tnon.T Mufad. 863. 17.] ,i s ?'Aba"Ub a yd a told me that Dahis was a horse belonging to Qays b. Zuhayr b. Jadhima b. b. 'Amrb. Z»yd b. Ju'ayj'a b L ' A fC h IH^ih Dhubyan b. Baghld b. Rsyth b ■ '™ ■ HudhaylahiQ AfterwardsAbulj rf^!^^^ Hudhayfa's brother, said: night who is no knight is called (to w The Life of Muhammad hayfa raced al-Khatlar and al-Hanfa': nofal-Qaynb.Jasr, went out by b. Habib b. 'Ami b. 'Avif b. Malik b. al-Aus was k,]|,d bv alO b. Dhiyad al-Balawi whose name was 'Abdullah, an ally of Said r Zt. '"" pound'; pi. ,u-m :;:',! ou,h wine iSfS^X* ,a„i,fc' ,...,„,„,; ,1 'AT"" wort ngukr of *,,/■ Q««' J, (Sura' ,8.53). and , m , and ««™. ill of the fill I It, ,id that by thi. word qMl is meant 'a th, thigh it is the dohlr. Qabil also is used of a man's tribe. Zukkruf n A people, who when they hear a ety for help, The rail means 'the meeting plaee in which people gather togethet A people of assemblies, generosity, and meetings. And in the book of God, 'and the best as a eompany' (10. 74). The pin meaning, of course, the people of the city. The Life of Muhammad 6 (with unimportant variants)]. The plura 'erily they tell a lie' (Sura e Life of Muhammad Ibn Hiskam's Note. C (mulhid) followed al-P«hhik. Ibn Hisham's Not lb), lihham's Note jelly. [See S. in ioc] . (Fm [JdhanW. has Udayy.) n when Suhayb wn However, Suhayb v "° The Uf, of Muhammad H„ Hahim', Not,, *"' °' "°"' y °- a8 3 . The mufrai i. one burdened with debt and . large family .. Sd b" M.S b*Mr^b,°SSjSa b*l'-L Z, » 1 , b m ™"f I d « b d I,y * H - ou „„„ „„,„ wh,t ha, been left m your e.re SMta, freedman of Abu tjudrayf.; „rf ,, J, 3'th.!°ThuSjt™ w"t™ "uper. '*"" "' """ ■"° P "' r ° """-""""> Are you di.tre.,ed ae the rhought of death and it. oeeurrenee? » 86 - ' h "« h «" d ™" ,h ™ °™ 1 "" n " 1 P""" " y *" "" D Fate doe. not eieu.e tbo« who fear. J™dub °- J"n»da. >wn m '' " h '" b °"'"' ™ ld h ""' " '•"*"■ B"«din S the apo.ele with his .1-Laythi ..y: The prophet and hi. compani ' il-Taghhbi who wa. ljuraym b. Ma'shar.' "'in "reyengefor hi. father. It wa. only this man I u 1 /I i S that II. does not mention him ithxii' (BOl. »i. 51). [A. I .tti;f'aiii:i]:- 'si t*', *in-ul:ir nu,r«ltm o (of the path), as in tl Hot tail n.atlyr.ache, hot oil Qays b. Khuwaylid al-Hudhall, als, Tl,,- ■!„,„„ („./. „„!„,„„[) = tood toady .hod. a, though ho » [S. point, out t 3,0. r—.a God- 7"agAl.-( moan, ,v,i,ilHn:; The Life of Muhammad though you would favour them,' i.e. tell them what you w,ll not tell I -I I d the con iderate', mcUn Godi 324. 7,ahlr means 'help'. The Arabs say ta?aharu 'alayki, i.e. they helped a help to <1 lafs b. al-Akhyaf, one of i The Life of Muhammad 348. He left Zayd b. Hantha fa [Lexicographers vacillate between 'ayhab and ghaykab. Most of this use 356. The Ansar's rl 357. DhStu'I-Jayah. 358. The word Zat is §udayy b. 'AjlSn. romo •tN 47, n. IS, m X.A M° rtiTr »T. S^Tfa K [A :;; '■L iil:l "'.»" SS F The Life of Muhammad rophet said 'Ijuhayb is the first-fruits of Byian- 1-tfarith b. Ka'b b. Zayd. «yr b. 'Adiy b. Umayya b. Jidara. ieroftl-$immib.'A&ir,whow was b. Labda b. Tha'laba (is tl ■ said that Jabbar was b. §akhr 1 .. Qaya was b. Sayfi b. gakhr 1 tthed.yof.l-Ji-rim.he tone other thin Ibn M (This explanation of 'jointly. The Life of Mut immad [hers aay Aba Dujiknx did so. a 'Ubayda from AbQ 'Amr told me that the polytheists lost 70 70 men. He says : 'You brought prisoners.' AbQ Zayd al-Ansarl q oted to me the line of Ka'b b. Wahb b. al-fclarith of B. Anmar: an ally; and 'Amir From B. al-Harith b. Hhr: Shan and ShafT, M r of theirs. Total a^ ^ ' 537. Most authorities on poetry refuse to accept .urra: Malik b. -Ub.ydullah, brother of Tall,., who "o^V^Tth^^othLZl'tJ"^'/^ .. Jud' ally. Tin ".j^,"™" .".■ .'™' 1 »-W»'«h »• Munabbih „ n ally from al-Qar: 10m rjuhayb 1 ding to others an 'Uuayh. i (though only God know. An Arab woman brought som I. Qaynuqa'. She sat <l<mn in . she was immodestly ex; a'jew.an'd the Jews Mil shm's family called on tl 'Amir b. 'Adiy b. Majda'a b. rjlaritha b. al-Har S 8o. Abu 'Ubayda told me on the authority c when the apostle got the better of the B. Qt hundred men from the Jews who had been all ...... ■ • ,-, ■■. ■:... ■■.-,:,. , n I Urn Burda d Ta!h:i, >vtio \\.i> i-i t-hnrfic .if thf standard .■! The Life of Muhammad Jbn lihham'e Notes ,, on the faee of the e.rth. In him look « J.I1 o.tle'. h,nd oml T.lh. h. 'Ub.ydulhh lii ingles with mine will not be touched by t! Ibn Hhkam's Note. The Life of Muhammad JOn Huham s Voles lures his hotaes and camels. Al-Kumayt said: &35 . W e have bccn to ld of five others who m I.I. does not mention, i iances; by £ TSliiH,,. I. Uy.s and to I Ml to I. is aid that Abd„ll.hb.M.,'nd 640 'A'id hwub. Imrln b. MaahaOm l 3j Zayd ,1 othetfiaht. [Cl.Div. 64a had aid •Onrnahtingison e Life of Muhammad ieny pirar's authorship. e language. roonery fearing to fight. [Cf. W. R. Smith, Religion of the Semites, 185.] "id" 1 IT' b d h- frora YOnus b - ' Uba 5"' from al -Hasan b.' Abu'l-Ejasan from Jabir b. 'Ab- The Qurata' are a tribe of Hawazin. There is another reading Nufayr for 'with 'Uqayl' and this is correct because al-Qurata 1 are n< :. ..■■■.; ■.. :■:,,. ■■■■■■ 764 The Life of Muhammad Abu Zayd quoted to me the line 'that young gazelles-, & C; , and the following eloquent (salldq) s I, 43. and 46] They wfll net be he^ed!^ C * Among them is gorj^enne* .hat the man who shot Sa'd was KhaHja b. 'Asim b. H.bban. d (qada nalibahu) in the cavalry charge. Ibn Hiskam's Notes say "Amr b. 'Abd. [Presumably the name of I (Death smote the) c ■xun gkarbun with or without idafa. The Life of Muhammad theew" :.. .'■ . . c covers of the .yeaigbf rr minp beAt.,1 76s. Or an ally 'Ei b: I. Uhayb b. 8 .heph.rd w« „.= of» h.ybt 76S. Ah Z.vdqn ng i. 'the .poll Mulamu id , &c. ,*„,< .,. lightning kuted thCm - aceo f di " e to tncir needs - t Thi ! useful explanatory note from They fight for him wit! h^d'lnTto t n'L P e r01eSe ' .. _■ _. ' «™.„ to the V£rses whlch arc t0 be found " the K - •?^ Tn '] U8. 27), i.e. Khaybar. victory .15 they were helped. 79&- By the word 798. Another reading is 'And one whom isnotapolytheisl"'{3- 6. \bu Sufyan b. Har ad traversed Najdbefi Mill dead nd the people' of the mo.que do liv. Ibn Hisham's Note. lM Hudh.yf.. old die hy night we.ponles i F.Su Tdih we (toed "P my .upported by out hot. "fhrri.","*?™^ — «P while Mil* aod hi. pnty w 778 The Life of Muhammad &n Hiskum's Not his ThLlLr? hi* rladTrapped "in TreVXlf ^tTd^Ey^T al- J 2 " 111 b - Ma ' mac •»• half-starved my gue: 'Awwam,' he said. 'I swear by al-Lat that he will fight you, so stand firm.' B > kil!m « '' 'Amir al-Ash'arl met ten polytheists, : d by al-Aqra' and 'Uyay Ibn HishamS Not I b. 'Amir b. $a> r a: 'Alqan . Han?a]a: al-Aqra' b. flabis b. 'Iqal of The Life of Muhammad Ibn Hishdm's Note. 854. Another version econd draught of the s rentslnew naught of le God help you! .. Z.ml h. Jul" .:■■ ..:■■■■■■■ :■■ ■ robably at fault.] "IL'dbywo, ,„,-, ;.OT,:.i,l. The Life of Muhammad d (compact). Al-Ajda' 1 Wh,n .1,, solid cMMt! of Harb was melting . And 'Utarid b. IJajib, one of B. Darim b. M ',ayd ALiiMi: b. T-immi; ;>nd al-Aqra' b. Hab ■ ,„,B.T™,«ci..d,, o-.n* UWvMKn ten !r::3B r^Talim" ;,:r And th,t none in al-rliji IS! S™, In N.jd or in forogn Ian r™'"" Is glory aught but ancien lordship a. dgfmr. ».e who "by " ! „ n !i 'tti' "bo°,T,"dH* ruheTthorn erfulii i device' (13- 9-J4). .poller i, on tb : authority o£A M 'Ubayd. author! ty [Itia to be found in DieGrfkhle . I.rm rpo.,,0 f hi. [ed. Chili ii, pp. IS U Ibn Hisham's Notes I gave you an order on the day of Dhfl San ('733 f.).] 8 9S . The word bithafri is on Abii "Ubayda'a authoril , to pay for (killing) MundV . [It » not cited by T., The Life of Muhammad Ibn Huham He sent Dihya king of Baljrayn; Shuj b. Wahb" A-i (He sent Shuja' b. A V^tejabala to Jayfar and al-]?ifari and Hayyan b i. Jaththama b. Qays al-Laythi. Mulajjam, according to what ZiySd told Ibn Hisham's Notes Jabbar b. §akhr al-Ansari. two polythdsts of Quraysh who h; al-Husayn b. 'AIL Zayd , The Life of Mukamn nan who said publicly Ir La'a b. Qayg; Zaynab d. Jahsh b. Ri'ab;" M. i; Juwayriya d. al-Harith b. Abu pirar; and $aflya d. IJuyay b. Akhlab Ibn Hisham's Not named Zaynab d. Jahsh b. Ri'ab al-Asac Mydullah b. Jahsh al-Asadi. phet saying, 'Here is my daughter's bouRht I The Life of Muhammad neiy, Z.yn oio. Abll %'b.yd. .„d mtei ,„ditioni*. told i™ that »hen th him.elf. Then Suh.yl b. "tar .ro,e .n Met' Jvm.th.nk" to 5 .nue.ndpUteeof, ; God's lieht Butmy.oulc.nom Loo, did I ,t,„d ety« bitterly Surmounted by . building of bto.d .ton.,! The Life of Muhammad ■■ e. de.o]«te, now he i. son., I nr.yet devoted to him, eye, weep tho .po.tle of God eopiou.ly, Why do you not weep the kindly one , to give without thought oi in, «.,. Mote l.rah with wealth newly „.«,., J and inheti. Mote noble in ptinoely M.oe.n .noe.tty;' U».m.l«...id : A. thnu.h it, duct, wete painted ',£' ,p,«i,i . reading of C. W in« W. in ,pi,e of ,h, intro- bmnn i™ ri?z^o»™^ l s^ p " ta0 °*•" ™Z ,,;"•' S*J^2*!2rt!S*SSi ,«,, .1, | .:£ but „t'.l-J,'r.n„, ,' pl„e. within th'e mcrod ,re, i: ;t: shr is comet. See Ylqnt, iv. s 7 6 nit W. hl> h.s only . limited control over hi. ally »„/(/), Qalb «„'/-« INDEX OF PROPER NAMES" ^b.^t2t, 5 °wX% i u wJipi'mU Abraq, al (L), S9 i. Au Ju 5^574-5, 577, S8.-,, 59I . ffpfe Ay. ■ Aulaf'V^ 1 ^ t?) ' ^'^l' ' ^ isSSS'ii? — s ^ffl\tl*™$l K £t''' 3S ' ^b 'i') ^-,,. ' - b. R 3 fi^ b ^7. al " SU,anii <P) ' ;3& ' . ;. A^ra-b^Sbis^sg's 628 6 1 670 U 'Abd b i A^f*' ' 4S ' A^t^fek" 59 ' 79 ' A tT. a (L' Qa,yS ' 631 "' 1 ' a'fU d/'Abdul-MuKalib (P),. 7 6. A^P, 18, z°. ■ Awd,B.(T), 5 68. al-H a 'mh, 7°, i«. ' Jahsh, zU, 286-9. 388. A'sha,' 7 al, 4 'B. 3 Zurtra, 7 &"iSlmI <P), - *jg^«Hhft «5-«. Aswad, riT'Abdu Yaghuth, 181, 187. Z- Ub^ m 2 05 ,'2^6^77-9, 363, 37., - b.' iSVst-AnsI, 6+8. J 2, 437,463. 481, ' 4 9i-2,'495.'6o 4 ; abu Umayya b. al-Mughfra (P), ■-&**&<&?*<*•'<*• -"a !zSbayr. 7 5 8, S °s4. :, s$K, 560, (106, 626, 638, 6 ML), 561, '563, '565- ■hi, . '■■: : ■ Index of Proper Names t. (T), 566-7, 577, 579, 586, ZM&Ti hath'amV'. ^'. 585, 64: W, 587, 613, 6=5, 648,665, - S3. 453, 485, Index of Proper Nari >' '^■■-7. 5 :viih (Pj. s°8. ■ .■" ■ ■■ ■ il-Harith (P), 481, 546, Tulayha b. Khuwaylid (P), 3 $m, 14-16. " ' 7 " §«yft abu QVsVai-As'iat (P), 28, Thaqif (T), 102, 566, 572-4, 577, 584, Index of Proper Name 809 S ;62, 40*%,, 6=7-8 636 ^VhSOs". 1, 739, 7S3, 799- 68, 583-4, 601, 607, ISNAD INDEX jbay'i, 787 (IH). luhammadb 'Ali 56 118 :tu d al-Tawil, 306, 380, 381, 388, -ab£\ Tha'laba al-Qurazi, 10. 9,383,428, 45 s . 534,548. 6 'Uyayna, 329, 764 (IH>, INDEX OF BOOKS CITED INDEX OF SUBJECTS Polytheists slain at Uhuc >2 6|,S.! -36. S7-H9.