'^-> •^.

FROM THE

PERSONAL LIBRARY OF

JAMES BUELL MUNN

1890- 1967

i

BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY

\

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2011 with funding from

Boston Public Library

http://www.archive.org/details/memorialsofaffai01winw

n.

\nci/za// Secreta^iy '"^y^tj) ' of State a/n/^/j^jiri,

XT' / VC^^^^^ ^

Gwym:e//at6^^ to ni<^ fWamjtiini^w J'A3II:S t/i£.I^?zft.

./Etatej ^u& xzix.

t

MEMORIALS

O F

AFFAIRS of STATE

IN THE

R E I^G N S

Q^ELIZABETH ^W K.JAMES I.

Colledted (chiefly) from the

ORIGINAL PAPERS

Of the Right Honourable

Sk RALPH WI NWOO D, Kt.

Sometime one of the Principal SECRETARIES of STATE,

Comprehending likewiTe the

NEGOTIATIONS

O F

Sir Henry Neville, Sir Charles Cornwallis, Sir Dudley Carletonj

Sir Thomas Edmondes, Mr. Trumbull, Mr. Cot tington and others.

At the

COURTS oi FRANCE and ST J IN, and in HO LLJN7), VENICE, 8Cc,

Wherein the

Principal TRANSACTIONS of thofe Times

Are faithfully related, and the Policies and Intrigues of thofe Courts at large difcover'd.

The whole digefled in an exadt Series of Time.

To which are added
Two TABLES: One of the Letters, the other of the Principal Matters-

In Three Volumes.

By Edmund Sawyer of Lincoln s- Inn, Efq-

Majora adhuc praflantur auxilia ad inftruendam prudentiam civilem ab Epiftolis,

qua a viris magnis de negottis feriis mijfis junt : Habent enim plus nativi fenfus quam ora-
tioneSy plus etiam maturitatis quam colloquia fubita. Etsdem, quando continuantur fecundum
feriem temporum , funt certe ad hiflotiam pretiofjjima fupellex. Bacon de Augmentis
Srientiarum lib. ii. caD. li.

VOL. I.

LONDON:
Printed by W.B. for T, Ward, in the Inner-Tempk-Lane. 172^.

Mi

is

T O T H E

Right Honourable

ROBERT fFALPOLE, Efq^

Firft Lord Coiiimiffioner of the Trea-
fiiry, Chancellor of the Exchequer,

and Under-Treafiirer ; and one of
His Majesty's Moft Honourable
Privy Council.

SIR,

HE Dignity of the Subjed, and the
great and deferved Merit of the
Authors of thefe Memoirs, will, I
hope, excufe my Prefumption, in
attempting to introduce them to the World
under Your Patronage: An Honour, which
yet I would not have fought, had I not been
well perfwaded, that whatever in the leaft tends
to the Service of your Countrey, cannot fail
of your Approbation.

DEDICATION.

And indeed, a Work of this Nature, of all
others, claims a Right to the Protection of a
Patron of the moft illuftrious Charader and
diftinguifh'd Merit. The great and generous
Maxims by which our Anceflors governd
themfelves, may perhaps amufe and pleafe,
and excite in us fome faint Defires to imi-
tate them ', but when they ftand exemplify'd
in the Condu£t of fo great, fo fincere a Pa-
triot, 'tis then they ftrike us with an irrefifti-
ble Force j and oblige us to confefs, that the
only Way to true and lafting Honour, is by
a ileady Purfuit of it in the Paths of Virtue
and Integrity.

This, Sir, has been fo eminently Your Pra-
ctice, that every Adion of Your Life is a
Proof of it. How early did You appear in
the Glorious Caufe of Liberty and Your Coun-
trey, and with what immoveable Firmnefs and
Conftancy have You on all Occafions main-
tained its true Interefts! When a dark and
melancholy Cloud hung over our Heads, and
we faw nothing but Ruin before our Eyes, how
bravely did You then oppofe Your felf to the
overbearing Torrent ! And by the Force of
Your Eloquence, raife the drooping Spirits of

DEDICATION.

the Senate and Nation, and teach them, by
Your great Example, that no Hazards,' no
Dangers were to be dechned for fo ineftima^-
ble a Prize.

Thefe Arts (and thefe alone) have juftly
raifed You to the higheft Stations, and to the
Favour of a Prince of the fublimeft Wifdom
and Virtue. With what happy Condu6l and
Prudence You difcharge the great and impor-
tant Trufts repofed in You (though we feel,
and gratefully acknowledge the happy Effeds)
will be the glorious Theme of future Hifto-
ties. They will tell, that when by an unac^
countable Infatuation we had plunged our
felves into the extreameft Miferies, Your
Cares and Vigilance again reftored the Credit
of your Countrey to its ancient Glory, and
eftablilhed it upon a firm and immoveable
Bafis, Nor will they forget the grateful Tri^
bute of their Praifes, when they refle£l upon
Your Vigilance, in bringing to Light a Con-
fpiracy, formed and carried on by the moffc
refined and fecret Malice, againft the beft of
Princes and Governments. But thefe are Sub-
jeds which require a Mafterly Pen to do
them Juftice ^ and if I prefume to mention

a them.

DEDICATION.

them, it is only becaufe on fuch an Occa-
fion, it is impoffible to be filent.

In the midft of all Your Cares for your
Countrey's Safety, give me leave, Sir, to lay
thefe Papers before You ; and if Your Great
and Important Affairs will permit You to caft
Your Eye upon them, I perfuade my felf
You will not find them unworthy the Perufal.
The greateft thing I can fay of them, is, that
they are the genuine Difpatches of the feve-
ral great Men whofe Names they bear, and
contain many important Pieces of Hiftory
hitherto unknown. That true, honelt EngliJJj
Spirit, which feems to have animated the
great and worthy Authors of them, and the
faithful and curious Account of Fads here
delivered, gives me Reafon to hope they may
be of fome Service to my Countrey ^ ef-
pecially at a Time, when His Majefty has
by fo unprecedented a Piece of Generofity
founded two fuch noble Led:ures for Modern
Hiftory. As the chief Defign of that Royal
Munificence, feems calculated for the form-
ing young Gentlemen for the faithful and
fuccefsfui Service of their Countrey, perhaps
there are no Books fo proper for that Pur-

pofe,

DEDICATION.

pofe, as the Letters of Wile and Great Mini-
fters of State, vvhofe Stations naturally lead
them into the moft exad; Knowledge of E-
vents, and vvhofe Capacites enable them to
form the trueft Judgment of them : And I
think I may venture to add, that amongft
thefe, there are none comparable to thofe of
our own Countreymen. How far thefe I here
prefent You will anfwer fo great a Defign, I
dare not prefume to determine: Your favou-
rable Acceptance of them, will alone give
them a lading Reputation j and to that they
are with all Humility fubmitted^ by

SIR,

Tour Moft Ohdiefit
And Devoted Servants

X't.nl Edm. Sawyer,

p

THE

E F A C E.

HE Letters of Wife and Great Men, thofe efpec'tall'y
concerned m the Pnhlick Admimflrat'ton of Affairs,
have been the Dehght and Entertainment of the
pohtefi and heft Judges m all Ages, By the Lights
we receive from them, we arrive not only at an exaB
Knowledge of Events, hut may view them m their mofl fecret and
referved Caufes. By thefe AJJifiances, we are enahled to form a
true and unerring Judgment of the Interefis of States and Princes,
and the ConduB of their Min'ifiers ; and hy purfuing their Max-
ims, to qualify our felves for the faithful and fuccefsful Service of
mir Prince and Countrey.

Thefe RefleBions firfl led me into the Defign of communicating
the following Papers to the World: And provided they any ways
anfwer fo great and worthy Ends, I Jhall think the Pains I have
taken in colleBing them, very happily employed. What Reception
they will meet with, as I dare not prefume to determine, fo (after
all that can he faid) muft he left to the Reader's Judgment ; whom
J ivill detain no longer, than jujl to mention the fever al Perfons to
whom I fiand ohliged for my Materials^

For the greatefl and nohlefi Part of them, I mufi with all Duty
. and Gratitude acknowledge my felf indebted to His Grace the

b Duke

The PREFACE.

Duke of Montagu ^ by whofe fmgular Favour and Goodnefs I was
admitted to the free Ufe of the Original Papers of Sir Ralph
Winwood, and hy his generous Encouragement enabled to un-
dertake the Publication of them. Upon the Perufal of them^ I
difcover'd fo many valuable and important Papers^ that I ho-
ped to have finijhed this JVork from that ColleBion only. But
a firiBer Enquiry too foon convinced me of my Mifiake : For ha-
ving begun to digefl them into Order ^ I found many curious and
ufeful Papers wanting j Part whereof were moulder d and decaf dy
and the refi too carelefly thrown afide and loji. Thofe which were
lefty I took care to copy with the mofi Religious ExaBnefs j and
had they flood ftngly, they (with all their DefeBs) had not been
unworthy the Perujal of every Engli/hman, who defires a perfeB
Knowledge of thofe Times, and has a due Regard for the Honour
of his Countrey.

The long Stay of this Great and Worthy MimfierM the French
Courtj in the Reign of Henry IV. gave him an Uf^ortunity of
informing himfelf with the greatefi ExaBnefs, of their true Poli-
cies and Defigns : And his longer Stay in Holland, (where he
had a great Share in eftablifhmg the Liberties and Sovereignty
of that Gr^^^if Republick,) created in him fo unalterable an Affe-
Bion to that State, and that fincere Abhorrence of Popery, and
Arbitrary Power, that when he came to be preferred to the Office
of Secretary of State, he bravely and generoufly oppofed the In-
trigues of the Spanifh Fadion (then too powerful in England)
and at lafi (I fpeak it on good Grounds) dy'd a Martyr to their
Refentments,

But to obviate all ObjeBions, and to make this ColleBion as ■
compleat and ufeful as pofjlble, I had recourfe to my Friends ;
and by their Kind Affifiances, have been enabled to make fome
very valuable Additions to my firfi Defign : Which, though it has
fomewhat retarded the Publication of this Work, will, I hope, fully
atone for the Delay.

Of this Nature is Sir Henry Neville'.? Negotiations at the French
Court in the Tears 1599 and 1600. together with the TranfaBions
in the Treaty of BuUoign, which immediately fucceeded it. I
jhould be ungrateful to my BenefaBor, if I did not in this publick
Manner acknowledge, that for thefe I am obli^d to his late Worthy
Great-Grandfon Grey Neville, Ef quire: Who, with the great-
eft Freedom and Generofity gave me leave to publijh them entire
Jrom the Original MSS. {all wrote by his two Secretaries Mr. Win-
wood

The PREFACE.

wood and Mr. Packer,-) defirw^^ that as thefe tivo great and
worthy Statefmen had lived togethef m the mofi conflant and mtt^ ■
mate Friendjhip^ their Memoirs and Letters might be jointly de-
livered to the World,

' ■■'The Reader J will, in the Third Volume of thefe Papers, meet
with rnany curious and valuable Letters to William Trumbull, Efq;
who, with great hitegrity and Sufficiency, ferved his Prince and
Conntrey in the ^lality of Refident at BrufTcls, for near Twenty
five Tears. For thefe I fland indebted to my late highly Honoured
and Learned Friend John Bridges, FLfq-, whofe incomparable Know-
ledge in all Kinds of Learnings was tempered with that engaging
Candour and Affability, as at once rendered him the Delight and
Wonder of all who had the Honour and Happinefs of his Acquain-
tance. By his untimely Death, the World is deprived not only of
a mofi valuable Man, but of "^ z Work, which would have done
lafiing Honour to Himfelf and Country: And his worthy Relations
will, I hope, forgive me , if I take the Freedom in this publick
Manner to tell them, they cannot do greater Juflice to both, than
to perfe'ci fo great and generous a Defign, for which he had (with
the greateft Care and Exa&nefsJ collected fo many noble and va-
luable Materials.

That I might at once give a perfeB TAew of the Affairs of
Europe, / thought it proper to add to thefe. Sir Charles Cornwal-
lis'^ Negotiations at the Court of Spain, whither he went Ambaffa-
clor in Ordinary , upon the Conclufion of the Treaty in 1604.
Thefe I found in the \ Cotton Library, written m Three large
Volumes /^ Folio- but whether they were the Refident'.? own
Books, or copy'd by Sir Robert Cotton'jf DireBions, I cannot pre-
cifely determine. This however is certain, that they are very in-
accurately done ; which I mention, to obviate any Exception againfl
my own ConduB , having been obliged m fome few places to cor-
reB, the Tranfcript, as will he eafily found by comparing them.
This I confefs is a Liberty I would gladly have avoided, becaufe it
may call in queffion the Integrity of thefe Papers : But as the
Miflakes were purely owing to the Negligence of the Tranfcriber^
'aPid iifually obvious, I hope the Liberty I have taken is not un-
pardonable. ■■'■- -. •• ■'■'-- ■

^V->A'.

^liX jf'maypojfibly be wijhed 1 had carry' d^ this ColleBion higher ^
'Md given the World a compUat View of the publick TranfaBiom

* The Hiftory and AntiquitieS; oii!^9rthampi()njh;n., e-jjonr,!/! sir! m ^y,-v;.yV.O *
i'bi" Fefpafian, C. IX. X. XL

of

The PREFACE.

bf State y from the begmmng of the Reign of ^deen Elizabeth.
Such a IVorky I am fenfible would have been of great Honour and
Service to our Cormtrey ,• Jince perhaps there was never any Reign^
in which the publick Affairs were conduBed with truer Wifdom and
Integrity y or with greater Glory and Succefs. The excellent Annah
of Mr. Camden, and the publick Papers m the fifteenth a?id fix-
teenth Tomes of the Foedera, have in fome meafure fupplied the
Curiofity of Mankind in thefe Particulars : But fiill the genuine In-
flruBions and Difpatches of Lord Burleigh and Sir Francis Wal-
fingham, would have added new Lufire to that Glorious Reign^ and
opened a Scene of Action equally furprizing and beautiful.

But though I have not been fo happy ^ yet I account it a fngu-
lar piece of good Fortune^ that I have been able to preferve fo
many noble Monuments from Rum and Oblivion. If we here want
the Tranfa&ions of the Burleighs and Walfinghams, the Lofs is
in fome meafure fupphfd^ by the incomparable Difpatches of the
Great Earl of Salisbury ^ the Succejfor of bothy in their Virtues as
well as Offices: To whofe Memory y if Mankind have not paid an
equal Regard, it is only becaufe they were unacquainted with his
Merit.

In truthy the TranfaBions comprized within this Period y (thofe
efpecially which fall under the Reign of King James) are generally fo
ill underftoody that I perfuade my felf I have performed no unac-
ceptable piece of Service, in fettmg them m a true Light. The
whole Reign of that Prince y has been reprefented by a late cele-
brated Peny to have been a continued Courle of mean Pradices i
and others y who have profejfedly given an Account of tty have fil-
led their IVorks with Libel and InveBive infiead of Hifiory. I
will not undertake to jufify every Part of that Reign ,• hut this I
will venture to fayy that both King James and his Minifters have
met with a Treatment from Pofierity highly unworthy of them ^
and that thofe Gentlemeny who have fo liberally beftowed their Cen-
fiires, ■ were entirely ignorant of the true Springs and Caufes of the
ABions they have undertaken to reprefent.

The noble Lord I jujl now mentioned (for what Reafons I canH
well conceive y) has indeed been the Mark and Level of all the
Little Wits of his own and fucceedmg Times. * An Author of more
Malice than Learnmgy long fince deady could befiow upon him no
better CharaBer , than that He was the firft ill Trcalurer, and

* Osbourrty io his Memoirs of King Jamesy pag. f if ,

the

The PREFACE.

the laft good one fince the Reign of Queen Elizabeth : And
* one of much greater Merit and Learnings now livings has been
pleafed to tranfcrtbe his very Words. 'Tis great pity our H'ljlo-
rians Jhotdd not give themfelves fome little Trouble in examining the
Condut'i of Great Men^ before they fit down to draw their Chara-
Bers. Had the worthy Author I lafl mentioned done th'is^ I per-
fuade my felf he would foon have altered his Judgment^ and from
the clearejl and mofi convincing Teflimomes^ have commended him
to Poflerity^ as one of the w'lfejl and compleateji Minifters this Na-
tion has produced. I think I need go no farther than thefe very
Papers^ for the Proof of this Affertion. We may here take a per-
feB P^iew of him^ in all parts of his Conduct^ from his firji En-
trance upon publick Bujinefsy to his Death : For although f he was
made Secretary of State in the Tear i J9<^, yet I conceive he was not
Prime Miniftei* till after the Death of his Father^ ^ which fell out
m Auguft 1598 : From that time the publick AJfairs feem to have
been entirely under his DireBion ^ which he conduBed with a Ca-
pacity worthy of his Prince and Countrey^ and an Integrity fo firrr}
and confiant^ || as more than once expofed his Life to the implaca-
ble Malice of the Spaniards and Jefuits. During the lafi Tears
of the Reign of his Glorious Miftrefs, he fupported her declining
Age with that Vigour and Prudence^ as at once enabled Her to
ajfijl her Allies the States, when they were inglortoufly abandoned
by France, and to baffle a dangerous Rebellion in Ireland, fomen-
ted and cherifhed by a firong Ajjlfiance from Spain. In the Reign
of her Succeffor, if the publick Affairs zvere not carry' d on with
the fame Spirit ^ the Fault cannot with fuflice he charged upon
this Great Mmifier. King James coming to poffefs a ?iew and
great Kingdom^ was refolved^ at any Price^ to have Peace with
all the Worlds and efpecially with Spain. And if we look into
the ConduB of that Prince y during the latter end of the preceding
Reign, (an ample Account whereof we may meet with m the firji
Volume of thefe Papers^) we may from thence colleB fome better
Reafons for that Refolution, than have been yet made publicL
But I will not dwell upon fo unpleafing a SubjeB • fmce though
Truth may require us not to conceal the Failings of Princes, De-
cency obliges us, at leaji, not to aggravate them. How that Treaty
was conduBed, and upon what Terms finally concluded, ** we may
here find a full Account. But hovj inglorious foever it was for

* Echarcfi Hiftory of England, fol. 38P.
'l Camden's Elizabeth, fol. yz^.
%^ Camden, ibid. fol. f^j.

j| See Vol. III. fol. 130, 193, 202, 203, 22p, 230, &c.

** Vol. II. fol. 22, 23, 2(5, 27, 28, 29, &c. To which the Reader may add i^v^^fz-'s
Fwdera, Tom. XVI. fol. f8f , 6cc. y^hcxQ iht Treaty \% printed at large.

d England,

The PREFACE.

England, it proved of the moji happy Confequence to the States of
Holland, who, hy the f ok AJJ] fiance of our Y^\^\^No\\mtttx% (who^
on that Occafion reforted thither in great Numbers) were enabled to
continue the War^ till by their Treaty w///j Spain, and ^^f Archdukes,
they had efiablijhed their Liberties and Sovereignty.

/ might enlarge upon fever al oth^r Particulars of this noble Lord's
ConduB^ and fhew with what incomparable Wifdom and Prudence
he managed the great and important Trufis repofed in him-, which
would give me an Opportunity of examining feveral very falfe and
injurious Reflexions, which with great Injuflice have been thrown up-
on his Memory, by our own, as well as foreign Hifiormns. But I
purpofely decline all this, fince his own Dilpatches are the firongefl
Proof, both of his Capacity and Integrity : And will conclude all I
have to fay of him, in the Words of*a very ingenious Gentleman who
perfeBly knew him-, " That though his infirm Body could promife no
" great Support, yet he had a Head fo capacious and richly furni-
" Jhed, as if Nature had been mofi careful and diligent to compleat
*^ the befl and mofl ufeful Part about htm ; in enduing him with a
*' perfeH Memory, and bright and found Intelle&uals,

For the fame Reafons I omit any particular Account of the refi
of thofe great and worthy Perfons, whofe Negotiations / have here
made publick. Their Names and Characters are already too well
known to all Men of Learning, to be particularly enlarged upon :
And were they not, their own Letters will give the befl and truefl
Idea of both. It is fufficient to fay they are all faithfully copy' d from
their Originals ; in which Particular, any Perfon who defires it, may
have immediate SatisfaBion, the greatefi part of them being in my
own Cuflody,

As to the Method in which thefe Papers are digefied, I have chofen
to throw them all into an exaB Series of Time, which I judged to
he the mofi ufeful. This preferves a Connexion and Thread of Ht-
jiory ; whereas any other, would have made the whole appeared
disjointed and confufed : And to make them as compleat as pojfibly
I could, I have added at the end of each Volume an Index of tha
principal Matters.

One thing I ought not in Juflice to my felf and the Reader to o-
mit, which isj that I have not brought this ColleBion fo low^ by
three Tears , as I at firfi defigned it, This^ i fear^ will be ohjeBed

* Sir Robert Naunton-i in his Fragmmta Regalia,

to

The PREFACE.

to me J hut my /^nfwer is, that I had already fwelled this Workfo far
beyond its intended Size, (for which Reafon I was obliged to put it
into three Volumes) that tt was tmpojfible to compleat what I at firft
intended. To which I beg leave to add, that if what I here pre-
fent the World, meets with a favourable Reception, they may pof-
fibly one Day fee this Work carried on to the beginning of our un-
happy Troubles.

Upon the whole, as a Perfuafion that the Publication of thefe
Tranrad:ions wmld be of fome Service, was the fole Caufe of my
undertaking tt, fo I mojl fmcerely wifh they may anfwer their de-
figned End. Which is, that by taking a ferious and impartial View
of former Times, and of the Policies and Interefis of other States,
we may thence learn to fet a jufi Value on our own Happinefs ;
who, by the fignal Mercies of Heaven, enjoy, under the greatefl
and bejl of Princes , the purefi Religion, and beji conftituted Go-
vernment m the World.

Lincoln's-Inn,
Aug.x. 17x4.

A GE

THE

NAMES

O F T H E

SUBSCRIBERS.

Thofe who have this Mark *, have fubfcribed for the Large Paper.

\

* His Royal Highnefs the P r i n c e.

* Her Royal Highnefs the Princess.

rl

A.

IS Grace the Duke of Argyle.
The Right Honourable the Earl

of Abington.
* The Right Honourable the
Earl of Albemarle.
The Right Honourable the Lord Aberdeen.
The Honourable Richard Arundell Efq;
* Marmaduke AUingcon, of Lincolns-Inn,

Efq;
Thomas Abney Efq;
Richard Aldworth Efq;
Edmond Allen Efq;

Edmond Allen, of the Inner- Temple, Efq;
Edward Alexander Efq;
John Alfton Efq;

H^

B.

[■£ R Grace the Duchefs of Bedford.
The Right Honourable the Lord Wil-
liam Beauclerk.
The Right Honourable the Lord Bernard .
The Right Honourable tbe Lord Bruce.
The Right Honourable George Bailie Efq; one
of the Lords Commiffioners of the Treafury.
The Honourable Dacres Barrett Efq;
The Honourable William Bromley Efq;
The Honourable James Brudenel Efq;
Sir George Beaumont Bar.
Sir Charles Buck Bar.
Montague Bacon, of the Middle-Temple,

Efq;
William Bacon Efq;

* Thomas Bacon Efq;

* The Rev. Dr. Baker,
College Cambridge.

The Rev. Dr. Bridges,

Weald in EfTex.
The Rev. Mr. JefFery Barton
TheRev.Mr.Thoia^.%hd\.

Vol. L

Fellow of St. JohnV
Re^or of Souch-

The Rev. A/r. William Bifhop.

The Rev, Mr. Gilbert Buinet.

Thomas Baldwin Gent.

Thomas Bennet Efq;

* John Bridges, 0/ Lincolns-Inn, Efq;

Thomas Brereton Efq;

Peregrine Bertie Efq;

George Bridges Efq;

Samuel Buckley Efq^

Jofiah Burchec Efq;

John Byde, of Lincolns-Inn, Efq;

Whelowes Brooke Efq;

* 'Tp/7jE Right Honourable the Lord Car-

X teret, Lord Lieutenant of Irthnd.
The Right Honourable the Lord Carleton, Lord

Preftdent of the Council.
The Right Honourable Earl Cadogan.
The Right Honourable Earl Cowper.

* The Right Honourable the Earl of Cardigan.

* The Right Honourable tbe Lord Compton.
The Right Honourable the Lord Chetwynd.

* The Right Honourable Spencer Compton
Efq; Speaker of the Houfe of Commons.

The HonourableThom?is Coke Efq;
Tbe Honourable George Clarke Efq;
The Honourable Colonel Cadogan.

* The Honourable Thomas Carcwright, of
Aynho Efq;

Sir George Cooke Bart.

Sir Nicolas Carew Bar.

'* SirC\emtnt Cotterell Knt.

* Sir Thomas Clarke Knt.

* Laurence Carter Efq; one of his Mnjefffs
Serjeants at Lav:., and Solicitor to his Royal
Highnefs.

Walter Chetwynd Efq;
William Clayton Efq;
James Chetham Ejq;

e Edmond

- The Names of the Sir:BscRiB:Ers::_:

Edmond Clarke Efq^
George Clive, of Lincolns-Inn EJq;
Thomas Coward Efq;
<The Honourable Col Cosby.
John Conduit Efq,
■* John Creed Efq;
James Clithero Efq;
James Crofs £/?} i
John Clark, of Huntmgton, E/q;
The Rev. Mr. Capper.
John Coke E/q;
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K.

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Number of Sheets contain'd in Vol. I. 1x4 4

Vol. II. 1x94
Vol. m. 13^
Sir Ralf>h TFinwood's Pidture equiva--)
lent to • ■ S ^

In all 39X

The Number of Sheets propofed, was
Which is now exceeded by

/. J. d.

3x0 at — — — — = —

— 4 04 0

7^ at 3 d. pr Sheet

0 18 0

la all f oz o

A GENERAL

L E

OF THE

LETTERS and PAPERS

Contained in this Volume.

I

z.
3-
4-
f-
6.

7-
8.

'i?. Ogleby'j- Negotiation in Spain i;/ the Tear i5'96.
^ ^ _^ Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville. April 19. I5'99.
i'/r Henry Neville to Secretary Cecyll, April id. i5'99.
Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville, (of the fame Date)
lyir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, April zy. iS99-

to the fame, Diepe, May 3. i5'99. O. S.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville, May i. I5'99.
Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, May 15'. i5'99. O. S.
A private Letter (of the fame Date) to the fame.
tS^ir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, May 19.

14

15

17
18
19

Page i

16

ibid.

17

i8

ibid.
19

to

9. A private JLetter (_ot the lame Date) to the Jame. z6

10. SirHenry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, May 19. i5'99. ^^^^^

11. yf Memorial pre fented by Sir Henry Neville to the Council <?/" France. x/
la,. A State of the 'T>ebts due by the French King to the ^leen (^/"England. 29
13. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, May x6. iS99- ibid.

The French King's Anfwer to the Memorial prefented by Sir Henry Ne

ville.

. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary.

. Sir Henry Neville to Monjieur Viileroy, June 6. I5'99. ^' ^'
iMonfieur Wllexoy' s Apifwer.

. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville, May. X3, i5'99.
. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary-^ Paris, May 30. I5'99, O. S,
VjOL. L f

%o.

35-
S6

37
38
40

4^^
Ano^

The Contents.

Page
10. Another to the fame, (of the fame Date) 4X

XI, Sir flenry Neviile'j i?e/^ to MonJieurN'\\\txoy''s Anfwer. 43

zi, J'/r Henry Neville /?<? ^^-^z? Elizabeth, Paris, June 6. 1599. 0. «>. 44

2-3

;f^ ^^1? Secretary, (of the fame Date) ibid.

Z4. jil/r. ly^-rr^^^ry Cecyll /«? t^ir Henry Neville, June 9. I5'99- 46

zf. iJir Henry Neville /(7?/6? Secretary, Paris, June 15". I5'99. O. S, 47

46. /(? the fame, Paris> Junexi. I5'99. O. S. 50

Z7. /^o the fame, Paris, June 17. 1599. O.S. 51

z8. ?(? the fame, Paris, June 19. i5'99. O. iS". 53

29. ilfr. i^^'frt'/fjr)' Cecyll ^(? J^ir Henry Neville, Julyi. i5'99. S^

30 Relponfum datum Oraroribus Hamburgenfibus. 57

31. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Orleans, July 13. I5'99- O. S. 61

3z. A Memorial frefented by iJir Henry Neville, July 19. 1599. iV. J". 6j

33. to the Secretary, Orleans, July 14. 1599; OS. 68

34 Mr. Secretary Cecyll to SirYitnxy Neville, July 14. 1599. ibid

35". Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Orleans, July 18. 1599. O.S, y^

36. to the fame, Blois, July z8. i5'99. O.S. 75

37. ■ to the fame, (of the fame Dare) - 81

38. to the fame, Blois, Aug. i. i5'99. O.S. 82

S^. to the fame, Paris, Aug. 7. i5'99. O.S. 84

40. An Anfwer to the fecond Memorial frefented by Sir Henry Neville. 87

41. Sir Henry Neville ^<? the Secretary, Paris, Aug. 8. 1699. O. S. 88
4Z. to the fame, Paris, Aug. 14. i5'99. O.S. 89

43. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to .y/r Henry Neville, Aug. 17. 1599. O.tS". 90

44. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, Aug. zo. 1599. O.S. 92
45". to the fame, Paris, Aug. z 6 i5'99.0.»5'. 94

45. il/r. ly^rr^-^^^ry Cecyll to SirVitnrj Neville, Aug. z8. 1599. 95^

47. • to the fam.e, (of the fame Date) 97

48. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, Sept.i. 1599. O.S, 98

49. to Monfeur Villeroy. ibid.

50. to Monfeur de Rholhy. 99

yi. to the Secretary, Paris, Sept. 6. I5'99. O.S. 100

5z. to the Secretary, Paris, Sept. 8. i5'99. O. S. loi

53. ■ to the fame, Paris, Sept. 16. 1599. O.S. loz

5'4 Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville. 105:

f-f. to the fame, Sept. 18 1599. ibid.

5-6. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, Sept. Z4. i5'99. ^- ^' ^^^

57. Father Wardefort to 'Do^or John Cecil, Rome, Sept. 4. 1599. 109

58. ^yir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, Sept.z4. i5'99. O.S. iii
5-9. iV/r. »y(?fr^/^ry Cecyll ^» jJir Henry Neville, Paris. Sept.z^. i5'99. nz
60. Monfeur Villeroy to Sir Hemy Neville, Od. f. i5'99. N. S. 113
6r. Sir Henry Neville to the Secretary, Paris, Sept. z6. i5'99. 0. S. 114
6z. to the fame, Paris, Od:. 5. i5'99. O.S. 115'

63. il/r. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville, Odt. 8. 1599. 118

64. Tyrone's Tropoftions. 119
65-. i'ir Henry Neville i^o Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, 0<St. 11. I5'99. O.S. izo

66. to the Secretary, Paris, Odr.zz. 1599. OS. izz

67. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville, 0(5t.z4. i5'99. 12,4

68. Sir Henry Neville to Mr Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Nov. i. I5'99. O.S. IZ5'

69. to the Secretary, Paris, Nov. 13. i5'99. ^•*^- 12-7

70. to the Secretary, Paris, Nov. 15". i5'99. O. S. IZ9

71- ^'^ ^'^i? Secretary, Paris, Nov. 19. i5'99. ^-^^ 130

72- to the Secretary, V2Lris,Noy. to. 1^99-0. S. 133

73- ^'^ if*^^ Secretary, Paris, Nov. 19. i5'99. O. S. ibid.

74- to the Secretary, Paris, Dec. 1. 15'99. O.S. 135-

75'« to the Secretary, Paris, Dec. zo. 1599. 0.*^. 136

76. Mr.

The Content Si

Page

y6. Mr. Secretary Cccyll to iy/> Henry Neville. - 137

yy. to iS'ir Henry Neville, Dec. x8. i5'99. ^39

78. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Dec. x8. i5'99. ^ S. 140

79. to the Secretary, Paris, Jan. 3.i5'99. O.S. ibid.

80. The Lords of the Trivy CoitnciL to Sir Henry Neville. 144

81. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville, Jan. 9. i5'99. ibid.
8i. ^yir Henry Ncville^i? yi/r. ^y^^r^^/jry Cecyll, Paris,Jan. 14. i5'99. O-jS". '45"

83. to the Secretary, Paris, Jan. 25-. 1599. O.S. 146

84. to the Secretary, Paris, Jan. %6. x^<)').0. S. i^j

85". to the Secretary, Paris, Jan. ry. i5'99. O. S. I5'^

86. • to the Secretary, Paris, Febr. 17. 15-99.0. S. ibid.

87. to the Secretary, Paris, Febr. xo. 1599. O.S. 153

88. • to the Secretary, Febr. z(5. 15:99. O S. 15-5'

89. to the Secretary, Febr. x7. 15-99. O. J". ' '^5^

90. to the Secretary, March x. i5'99. O.S. ibid.

91. Mr. Secretary CtcyW to Sir Henry Neville, (of the fame Date) ibid.
t;x. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, March ix. i5'99. O. S. 15-8

93. to the Secretary, Paris, March xo. 1599. O.S. 160

94. to the Secretary, Paris, April x. 1600. O S. t6x

95". A Memorial frefented by Sir FJcnry Neville to the French King. 165"

96. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Xr Henry Neville 166

97. Sir Hcniy Neville to i\ir. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, April 9. 1600. OS. 168

98. A Memorial prefented by SirW^myY^tsiWt to the French iving. 170

99. Mr Secretary Cecyll /<? Sir Henry Neville, April 19 1600. 171

100. Sir Henry Neville to Mr.SecretaryCecyW, Paris, Apr. X4. 1600. O.S. 175*

loi. to the Secretary, Paris, April %y. 1600. O. S. 177

lox. Afr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville. 179

103. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, May 9. i6oo, O.S. ibid.

104. to ibc Secretary, Amiens, May 14 1600. O.S. 183

105-. Mr.Secretary CecjW to Sir Yiznry 'Hqv'xWq. 185:

106. The CommiJJlon jor theTreaty at Bulloigne. 186

107. The CommiJJioners for the Treaty at Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll,

May xo. 1600. O. ^. 188

108. The Englijh Commijfioners to thofe <?/' Spain and the Archdukes, Mayxi.

1600. O. S. 190

10^. The S\)zv\\{h and krch^wkcs, Commiffioner's Anfvuer. 191
no. The Englijh Commijfioners fecond Letter to the Spanilli ^»^ Archdukes

Commijfiop.ers. 19%

III. Their Anfwer to the fecond Letter. 194

nx. The Englijl:) Commijfioners third Letter . 195-

113. The Spanijh Commiff oners Anfwer to the third Letter. i^y

114. ^leen Elizabeth to the Englijh Commijfioners, May X4. 1600. 198

115. The Englijlo Commijfioners to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, May X9. 1600,

O. S. xoi

116. — — to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, June x. 1600. O. S. xoi

117. The Lords of the Trivy Council to the Englijh Commijfioners t, June x.

1600. X04.

118. The Englijh Commijfioners to Mr. Secretary Cecyllj June ix. 1600.

O. S. -LOS

119. to the Secretary, June xo. 1600. OS. ao8

1x0. A Memorial fent by the Englijh Commiffioners. 2,09

ixi. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to the Englijh Commijfioners. xio

ixx. to the famci June ty. 1600. ibid.

1x3. The Anfwer to the Memorial, June 30. 1600. xii
1x4. The Englijh Commijfioners to Mr. Secretary CqcjII, July 6. i6oo.O.S.t-i%

ix^. . to

The Contents.

Page

ix^-, to the fame, July ix. 1600. O. S. 2-T3

1x6. Mr.SecretaryQ^c^W to the CommiJJioners, July 14. 1600. 2,15-
117. The EnglijhCommiJJloners to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, ]nlyi6.i6oo.O.S. zi6

ii8. ^ieeu Elizabeth to the CommiJ/iomrs, July 19. 1600. 2-19

1x9. jyjr. Secretary QecyW to the CommiJJioners, July xo. 1600. 2,2,0

130. The Englijh Commijfioners to Mr Secretary Cecyll, July xo. i^oo.G.J'. xxi

131. The Lords of the Tr ivy Council to the Englijh Commiffionersy July 25-.

1600. 222,

132. Mr. Secretary Qtcy^ to the Commiffioners^ July xf. 1600. 1x5'
13 3 . The Commiffioners to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, July x8. 1600. O. S. ibid.
134. Afr. Winwood /tf ^yir Henry Neville. 2,27.
IS S- Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood. 2,30

136. to the fame. ^31

137. to the fame, Julyx9. 1600. 2,31

138. The Lords of the Council to Sir Henry Neville. 2,33

139. iT/r.Winwood to Sir Henry Neville, Lyons, July 31. 1600. O.S. X34

140. Articles between the French King and the T>uke of Savoy. 236

141. i^r. Winvvood to Sir Henry Neville, Lyons, Aug. 3, 1600. O.S. 239
14X. to the fame, Grenoble, Aug. 9. 1600. O.J'. 2,42,

143, to the fame, Q\\2ivchery, h\xg.\$.\6QO.O.S. 2,44

144. - — to the fame, Aug. 19 1600. O.S. 2,46
145-. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood, Aug. x8. 1600. 248

146. Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville, Chambery, Aug. xo. 1600. O.S, 25-0

147. Sir Henry Neville to Mr Winwood, Sept. 9. 1600. i^3

148. il/r. Winwood to 'ir Henry Neville, Grenoble, Sept. 13. 1600. 0.451 25-5'

r49. to the fame, Grenoble, Sept. 23 1600. O. S. x^6

ifo. to the fame, Grenoble, Sept, 30. 1600. O.S. ■^6t

lyi. to the fame, Grenoble, Odt f. i<^oo OS. 2,63

ijx. to the fame, Valenza, Ode. 7. 1600. O.S. 2,(^4

15-3. to the fame, Marfeilles, Od:. 22. 1600. O.S. x6<

15-4. to the fame, Marleilles, Od;.29 1600. O.S. 2,66

155-. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood, Nov. 2. 2,70
15*6. Mr Beale and Mr. Edmonds'j- Anfwer to the Trejident RichardotV Let-
ter. 272,

157. J'ir Henry Neville 2?(? Afr Winwood, Nov. if. 2,73

15-8. Mr. Winwood to ir Henry Neville Lyons, Nov. 20. 1600. O. S. ij::

159. to the fame, Lyons, Dec. 4. i<5oo. O. S. in^

i(5o. to the fame, Lyons, Dec.8. 1600. O. J". 281

161. to the fame, Lyons. Dec. xi. 1600. 2,84

1^2. Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood, Dec. 28. 1600. 28<5

r^'3. iVfr. Winwood ?<? i^ir Henry Neville, Lyons, Jan. 2. i6oo. O-J*. 287

164. A/r. Winwood /f«> Sir Henry Neville, Paris, Jan. 13. i(5oo. O. S. 289

\6s. lyir Henry Neville /<? Mr. Winwood, Jan, 23.1600. 2,90

166. ■ — — to the fame, Jan, x8. 1600. jioj-

167. to the fame, Jan. 29. 1600. jbij^

168. il/r. Winwood /(^lV/V Henry Neville, Paris, Feb. 10. 1600. O.S. 291
169.-^- — to the fame, Paris, Feb. 17 1600. O.S. '~ 293

170. to the fame. 2.9c'

tfi. MonfieurVioiMe to the T>uke <?/Rohan, London, March 4. 1600. %^6

l/x. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood, March. 7. 1600. 299

iys. Sir Henry Neville'j- Cafe. 302

^74. ikfr Winwood to ^yir Henry Neville, Paris, March 16. 364

17^. to the fame, Paris, March 16 1600. 30^-

176- to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, March 17. i6oo, O. X 306

177. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to ikfr. Winwood. . 307

178.. ^leen Elizabeth to the French King. ibid.

179, to the ^leen ^/France, 3og

i8o. to

The Contents.

Page

i8o. to the French King. 308

181. il/r. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cccylly Paris, March. ^3. 1600, 0.S. 309

i8x. to the fame, Paris, April %. 1601. 0.^5". 311

183. tothe famcy Paris, April. lo. i6oi. O.S. 314

184. to the fame-,Vz.n9,., April xo. 1601. O.S. 315-

185-. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood, April xi. 1601. 318

186. Mr. Packer ^^ ikfr. Winwood, April 17. i(5oi. 319

187. Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, April 17. 1601. 0. S. ibid.

188. to the fame., Paris, May 7. 1601. O. S. 3x1

189. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to A/r. Winwood, May 9. 1601. 3x4
x<)o. il/r. Winwood to the Secretary., Paris, May 17. 1601. O. S. 3x5-

191. ■ to the fame., (of the fame Date) 3x7

19X. to the fame., Paris, May X3. 1601. O. S. 3x8

193. to the fame., Paris, May X9. i6oi. O.S. 330

194. to the fame., Paris, June 3. 1601. O.S. 33x

ip^. to the fame., Paris, June ix. i6or. O. tS*. 334

196. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to 7l/r. Winwood, June X9, 335

197. il/r. Winwood ^tf Mr.Sccretary Qzz'jW, Paris, July 1. 1601. 0. J, 338

198. to the fame., July x. 1601, O. J". 339

199. to the fame., July 15'. 1601. O. S. ibid.

xoo. tothe fame., Paris, Aug. xo. 1601. O-tS", 341

aoi. to the fame., (of the lame Date) ibid.

xox. Mr. Secretary QtcyVi to Mr-'^'mvaoodi., Aug.xi. 344

X03. ilfr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary CQcyW^ Calais, Aug. 17. 1^01. O. S. ibid.

X04. to the fame. 345"

xof. to the fame. ibid.

xo(5. to the fame. 346

X07. to the fame, Paris, Sept. 18. 1601. O. S. ibid.

ao8. to the fame., Paris, Sept. x6. 1601. O. .y. 348

X09. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood, Od:. 4. 1601, 35-0

xio. Afr. Winwood ?<? the Secretary, Paris, Od. 10. 1601. O.S. 35'x

ill, tothe fame, Odi. i5-.i6oi. O.S. 35-3

XIX. to the fame, Paris, Od;. xx. idoi. O.J'. 35-7

XI3. il/r.^y^fr^^^ry Cecyll ^(? il/r. Winwood, Nov. 3.1(^01. 35-8

XI4, Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Nov. i j. i<5oi. O. S. 35-9

XI5'. to the fame, Paris, Nov. X3. 1601. O.S. 360

xi6. to the fame, Paris, Dec.i. 1601. O.S. 36x

XI7. tothe fame, Paris, Dec. 8. 1601. O.S. 365"

X18. to the fame, Paris, Dec. xi. 1601. OS. 36J

XI9. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to A/r. Winwood, Jan. x. 1601. 369

xxo. ikfr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Jan. 6. 1601. O. S. syz

XXI. to the fame, Paris, Jan. ix. 1601. O.S. ^y.^

XXX. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to A/r. Winwood, Jan. xo. i6oi. 376

XX3. to the fame, (of the fame Date) 377

XX4. il/r. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Jan.x4. 1601. O. S, 379

XX5'. ^(? ^^^y^f^^f", Paris, Febr. 3. 1601. 0.<y. 381

xx6. to the fame, Paris, Febr. 13. 1601. O.S. 384

XX7. to the fame, Paris, Febr. 16. 1601. O. S. sS6

xx8. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to A/r. Winwood, Febr.x7. 1601. O.S. 387

XX9. A/r. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Febr. X7, 1601. O. S. 388
X30. Articles between the French Ambajfadors and the Commijfioners of the

^teen, with th& Anfwers of the French Ambaffddors. 389

X31. The Englifh Commijfioners Reply to the French Ambajfadors Anfwer. 391

X3X. Propofitiones ultimo loco inter DominosCommifTarios hinc inde agitatae. 39x

zi'i. Sufpenfio & Prorogatio Coiloquii. 394

VOL. I. g X34, Mr,

The CoKTEi^ts.

ir.f-^l - Page

ij4. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr Winwobd, March 14. i5oi. 0.»y. 395-

135. ^oifZ;fy3r«^^, (of the fame Date) M^^.y^^^^^ 3^5

X36. iWr.Wiuwood to Mr. Secretary QccjW, Paris, March 17. i6oi. 0. J". 397

237. to the fame, Paris, March ^8. l6o^. O. Si ^99

1^2. to the fame ^ Paris, April i. i6ox. O.S. ^oz

2,39. to the fame, Paris, April 10. i6oz. O. *y. ibid.

i'^o. ?(? ^^t- T^jw^f-, (of the fame Date) 404

241. — — to the fame, Paris, April 14. i(5ox. O. .S". ibid,

24X, to the fame, Paris, April 19. i6oi. ©..y. 405-

X43. to the fame, Blois, April x8. i6ox. O. .y. 406^

244, to the fame. Tours, May 7. i6ox. O.S. 408

245-. /f,? the fame, Poidiers, May 15-. 1602. O.S. 410

246. ^(? the fame, Orleans, May 15". i6ox. O. S. 411

a47. to the fame, Fountainbleau, June 4. \6o%. 0. S. 414

248. Mr. Secretary CecyW to Mr. W'mwood, June 9. i6ox. 41^

2,49. to the fame, June 13. i6ox. 415

t^o. il/r. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, June 17. 1602. O. S. 417

afi. to the fame, Paris, June 24. 1602. O.S. 4x1

25-2, to the fame, Paris, July 7.1602. O. J". 413

253. Mr. Secretary QtcyVi. to Mr. ^ixnysioo^, July 17. 1602. 4x5

25-4. il/r.Winwood zf<? il/r. ^y^'fr^^^jry Cecyll, Paris, July 21. 1602. OS. 427

25'5'. Mr. Secretary Qtcy^ to Mr. ^\xiVioo^, Aug. 6. 1602. 428

25-6. il/r.Winwood to Mr. Secretary QtcyW, Diepe. Aug. 7. 1602. O.S. 429

25-7. — — to the fame, Paris, Aug.21. 1602. O.S. 430

a^8. to the fame, Aug. 30. 1602. O. S. 431

25'9. il/r. .y^frf^^ry Cecyll /f(? il/r. Winwood, Sept. i. 1602. 433

260. il/r. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Sept. if. i6ax. O.S. 434

261. ?o the fame, Paris, Sept.29. 1602. O. .y. 43^

2,62. • to the fame, (of the lame Date) 438

263. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to il/r. Winwood, Od i. 1602. 439

264. iV/r. Winwood to Mr Secretary Cecyll, Paris, O&.y. 1602. O. *y. ibid.

265. to the fame, Paris, Odl. 17. 1602. O.S. ^^j

266. ■ to the fame,V2ins,0&. 18. 1602. O.S. ^.^

267. to the fame, Paris, Od: 20. 1602. O. J". . .-,

•268. — — to the fame, Paris, Od:. 22, 1602. O.S. jbid

269. il/r. JVfr^^^ry Cecyll ^(? il/r. Winwood. Nov. 4. 1602. ^^^

270. Afr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Nov. 9. 1602, O.S. 445-

271. to the fame, Paris, Nov. 26, 1602, O.J". l^l^i^

272. Mr. Secretary Cecyll ?fl i\/r. Winwood, Dec. 2. 1602. ttg

273. iV/r. Winwood ^tf T^r.J^-fr^^^ry Cecyll, Paris, Dec. 2. 1602, jbid

274. Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood. ^^q
275-. 7l/r. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll, Paris, Dec. 17. 1602. O. S. Ic?

271^. ^o^/^g-y^w?^, Parisj Dec. 18. 1602. O.^. ' ' ^

Iff. 'to the fame, Paris, Jan.2. 1602. 0.iy. ^^.^

2.78. to the fame, Paris, Jan. 4. \6o^.O.S. ^^

279. A/r.^y^fr^^^ry Cecyll to Mr. Winwood, Jan. $. i6oz. t^^

x'^o. Mr,Wm\Yood to the 'Duke dQTtemoiXilk. ^^^

v\^ii\^%:x

A

A

COLLECTION

O F

S TAT

A P E R S

During Part of the Reigns of

Queen Elizabeth and King James L, &c.

B O O K I.

Suma de los Memoriales que Ju-
an Ogleby Baron Efcoces era-
biado por el Rey de Efcocia a
fii Mag'' Catholica en favor de
una liga entre los dos Reyes^

y

A * Summar'y of the Memorials

which John Ogleby a Scotch

Baron, Envoy from the King

<?/Scotland to his Cathohck Ma-

jefi^y, for promoting a League

between

* The following Papers relating to a Tranfaftion concerning which all our Hiftorians are filent, I think
my felf obliged to fet it in as clear a Light as I am able. That there was about this time a Scotch Agent
at Rome, we learn exprefly from Cardinal D'Ojfat, who in a Letter to M. Vilkroy of the laft of February
1596, tells him, S^'il eft -jrai, que I'Ecoffois, dont vous faites mention, eft ■venw par-deck, is" a traite Vol.1, p. 6zl

a-uec le Pape, par le Moyen de Monfieur le Cardinal Aldoirandrin. He acknowledges he could not give him Edit. Amft.
an exadt Account of his Negociation, but (fays he) bien penfe-je ne me tromper de Gnere, en croyant comme
jefais, qit'il eft ici pour tacher d induire le Pape fous le pretexte acoutumi de la Religion Catolique, a favorifer
de fon autorite zp' Moyens, quelque que ceux qui I'envoyent ont en ces pais la. Farther, That a Treaty was
then on foot between the Kings of Spain and Scotland, feems Cihough obfcurely) to be hinted at in ano-
ther Letter of the Cardinal D'Offat to HenAV. dated the 19''' of July 1596, wherein he tells him that he Vol.i. p.iii-^
had that Day had Audience of the Pope, —— cy at dit a S. S. le contenu de la letre du Due de Scjfe, furprife
©" dechifree tsuchant le Roy d'Ecojfe : a quoi S.S. n a rien repondu, Sinon que Ion que je lui ai dcmande s'il

•voutoit, que V. M. lui envoydt la letre originate, il a repondu, qu'il n'etoit point befoin. And adds, ll eft

ainfi retenu a parler en telles chofcs, afin qit on nc puijfe reconnoitre de quel cote il panchc, ni decouvrir rien de
fes intentions. But m the lalt place, the Negotiation it fclf is exprefly mention'd in a Letter of Sir Hen-
ry Nevd's to Secretary Cecyl , dated the 27th of June 1599, (which the Reader may find at large) in
■which, after he had given him a very particular Account of the different Views and Deligtis of the Eng-
lijh Fugitive Catholicks abroad, he fays, 1 have bin acquainted with a Negotiation of Phe Lord d/ Ogle-
by, from the King of Scotland with the King of Spain, in the Tear l^g6. There are Pn$tt:sjef great: Impor-

B ' ;. *■ lanct

■■:5t;;0'

Mr. Ogleby'^" Negotiation in Spain. Book I.

y lo que Juan Cecilio Sacer-
dote Ingles de parte de los
Condes, y otros Seiiores Ca-
tholicos de Efcocia exhibio en
contrario en la ciudad de To-
ledo, en los Mefes de Mayo y
Junio, I J ^6.

N el mes de Mayo defie Ano
1596, vino de Roma a E-
fpatia Juan Ogleby Efcoces
el qual decia que "venia em-
b'tado pr el Rey de Efcocia en com-
miffion de trattar una amijiad, liga y
confederacion, de parte del dicho Rey
con Jii Magefiad Qatholica piies decia
que el Rey de Efcocia querria fer Ca-
tholico y confederarfe con fi fantidad
y con fk Magejlad Catholica contra la
Reyna de Inglaterra, y mojiro una ci-
erta carta de confianga y creencia del
dicho Rey de Efcocia dando differentes
memoriales a efte efeto con la confor-
midadfiguiente.

Las razones que mueven al Invidif-
fimo Rey de Efcocia a reconciliarfe
con la fede Apoftolica, y a bufcar
la confederacion de Elpana.

between the two Kings , and of
what f John Cecil an Englifh
Priefi, on the Behalf of the
Earls and other Cathohck Lords
of Scotland prefented m Oppo-
fitton to the fmne^ at the Qt'y of
Toledo, In the Months of May
and junCj iJ9^-

N the Month of May this
Year iS9^y John Ogleby-, a
Scot., arriv'd in Spain from
Rome-, faying he was fent by
the King of Scotland-, with a Com-
mifTion to treat of Friendfhip, a League
and Confederacy between that King
and his Catholick Majefty : For he de-
clar'd, that the King of Scotland would
become a Catholick, and enter into a
Confederacy with his Holinefs and his
Cathohck Majefty, againft the Queen
of England-, and produced a Letter of
Trufl: and Credence of the laid King
of Scotland., prefenting feveral Memo-
rials to this Effedt, of the following Pur-
port :

The Reafons that induce the moji
Invincible King o/" Scotland to be
reconciled to the See Apojiolick,
and to procure a Confederacy with
Spain.

I. " Eldejfeo que a tenido el dicho i. " TheDefire the laid King has had
Rey de vengar la muerte de fu ma- " to revenge his Mother's Death on the
dre contra la Reyna de InghtQxxzy " Qneenof England and theHcistickSy

tance contained in yt; and y/ your Honour have not feen yt, I think 1 fliall be able to frociire a Copy of yt.
All which I think amounts to a fufficient Proof of the Faft it felf.

The Perfon from whom he received the Copy of this Negotiation, I conceive to have been Charles Pa-
get ; who in this and other Letters of Sir Henry Nevil's, is recommended to her Majefty's Grace, as a Per-
fon able to do her good Service; and is likewife taken notice of in the Negotiation it felf, as one with
whom Ogleby treated in Flanders.

I will not prefume to detetmine whether he was really fent by the King upon this Errand, (though, I
think, Cecyl's own ObjeSions, who appears quite through to have been avowedly in the Intereft of Both-
well, and the reft of the Popifti Lords, are a ftrong Proof that he was) fince it appears by the Papers them-
felves, that he was confined at Barcelona upon that account ; but (hall fubmit the whole to the Reader's
Judgment; and only add, that as to the Papers themfelves, (which I found amongft Sir Ralfh Winzvood's)
they are printed exaiSly from the Originals. They have the Misfortune to be imperfed in fome few Places ;
to fupply which, the Gentleman whom I procured to tranflate them (who is eminent for his Skill in that
Language) hath inferred the Words, which he conceived were wanting. How happy he has been in his
Conjedlures, muft be fubmitted to the Curious. But to obviate any Exception, Care has been taken to
print thofe Words in a different Character, both in the Spaniflj and Englifli.

t The Reader will find this Perfon taken notice of more than once in the following Papers. The Fi-
?'»/.}./>. 70, gure he here makes, agrees petfedly with the CharaiSer Cardinal JD'Offat gives of him fome Years after
this Tranfadion, in a Letter to Monfieur Villeroy -. Tho' it is certain he once endeavour'd to make his
Peace with the Englijh Coutt, and to that end wrote fomething againft Parfons and the Jefuiis, which he
prevailed upon Sit Henry Kevil to tranfmit to the Secretary, and at the fame time to exprefs his Defire to
return to England. It appears by the Secretary's Anfwer, that his Propofal was very coldly received ;
which might poffibly be the reafon that he afterwards joined again with the Spanijh Faiflion ; for I don't
find him afterwards taken notice of either by Sir Henry Nevil, or Sir Ralph winwood.

Vid. sir Hen.
Nevil'j Letter
z^Sept. 1599.
Vid. Cecyl'j
Letter, 8 Oil.
^599-

Las

Book I. Mr. Ogleby'j Negotiation in Spain.

3

los berejes, ann/jnc haft a aora J^or

algimas cofns lo nya dtjjimulado

plies la die ha muerte que fue dada
por un verdu^o ptihlico con tal iii-
dtgnidad y tal defpreclo que toe a
la bonra tambien del Rey fii Hijo ,
y de todos los demas Reyes Chrijiia-
nos que recibieron ajfrenta en ejle
hecho.

z. " El decreto Tar lament are que
hifleron los Inglefcs en las cortes
d'litglaterra poco antes de la conde-
naciony muerte de fu madre, quan-
do decretaron que ninguna perfona o
perfonas pudiejfen heredar el Reyno
de Inglaterra que uviejfen defcendi-
do de par lent es condenados de Con-
fp'tracion contra la Reyna, el qual
decreto claramente fe hizo para ef-
cluyr al dtcho Rey de Efcocia de la
SncceJJion de la corona de Inglater-

ra.

3. " El engano que la Reyna uso
en alio 88. con el die ho Rey de Ef
cocia quando venia la armada de E-
fpana contra Inglaterra., porque
entonces la dicha Reyna le embio a
Efcocia unErabaxador llamado AJh-
by, prometiendoy ajfegurando al dt-
cho Rey que luego enpajfando la ar-
mada le mandaria pregonar y puhli-
car por fucceffor del Reyno, y le ha-
riaTrincipe de JValliay mas le da-
ria el eft ado de fu padre que tenia en
Inglaterra y otras cofas femej antes
para que fe juntajfe con ella contra
los Epanoles., pero luego en pajfan-
do el peligro fe rio la Reyna del &
no quifo cumplir cofa alguna, antes
dixo que fu Embaxador avia ecedi-
do la commiffion quefe le dio.

4. " Lafojpecha que es public a por
toda la Chriftiandad de aver procu-
radoy effeoiuado la Reyna de Ingla-
terra la muerte de fu padre del Rey ^
que era elConde de Lenox por manos
de algimos inquietos par dales de la
dicha Reyna en Efcocia., de manera,
que la dicha Reyna ay a dado la mu-
erte al padre y a la madre del dicho
Rey^y puejlo tambien en peligro del-
la muchas vezes al dicho Rey por las
' muchas rebueltas que ha caufado la
' dicha Reyna en el Reyno de Efcocia
' durante la minoridad del dicho Rey.,
' y defpues.

t(

though he has for Ibme Reafons till An.

this time conceal'd the fame for

as much as that Murder executed by
a common Executioner in fo diflio-
noiirable a manner, and with fo much
Contempt, concerns the Honour of
the King her Son, and of all other
Chriftian Kings who were affronted
in that Adion.

-L. " The k(X of Parliament pafs'd by
xhtEngliJh in the States g^ England
a little before the Condemnation and
Death of the Queen his Mother,
when it was enacted that no Perfon
or Perfons might inherit the Crown
o'i England., that were dcicended from
the Kindred of inch as had been con-
demn'd for confpiring againfl the
Qiieen ; the which A6t w^as manifeft-
ly made to exclude the faid King of
Scotland from the Succeflion to the
Crown of Englaitd.

3. " The Fraud the Queen put upon
the laid King of Scotland in the Year
88, when the Spanijh Fleet was ma-
king for England; for then the faid
Queen fent him an EmbafTador into
Scotland., whofe Name was AJhby,
promifmgand affuring the faid King,
that as foon as the Spanijh Navy was
pafs'd by flie would caufe him to be
proclaim'd and declar'd her Succeflbr
in the Kingdom, and would create
him Prince oi Wales-., and moreover
would give him the Eflate which his
Father had in England., with other

■ matters of this fort, to induce him
• to join with her againfb the Spani-

■ drds-., but as foon as the Danger was

■ over the Queen made a Jeft of him,
' and would perform nothing, but faid,
' that her Embaflador had exceeded the
' CommifTion given him.

4. " The general Sufpicion there is
' throughout all Chriflendom , that
' the Queen of England procured and
' brought about the Murder of the
' King's Father, being the Earl of Le-
' nox., by means of fome turbulent Par-
' tifans of the faid Queen in Scotland'.,
' {o that the faid Queen has been the
' Death of the faid King's Father and
' Mother, and often brought the faid
' King into danger of the fame, by
' means of the many Troubles the faid
' Queen has occafion'd in the King-
' dom of Scotland., during the
' King's Minority, and fmce.

5-

faid

Mr. Ogl-ebys Negotiation in Spain. Book I.

5. " ^le la dicha Reyna ha ampa-
" rado fiempre a los coutrarios y re-
" be Ides del dtcho Rey, y por fit me-
* ' dlo le ha hecho prender tres 0 qua-
" tro vezes al die ho Rey y quedar en^
" podery man do de los dichos fubditas
" rebeldes con not able dejhonra y peli-
" gro de laperfona del dicho Rey, co-
" mo ultlmamente ha parecido en to

' ' que ha favorecido y amp ar ado la di-
" cba Reyna al Conde de Bodvell Ef-
"■ coces rebelde y enemigo del dtcho
" Rey.

6. " La dicha Reyna de Inglaterra
" ha favorecido y fiifientado fiempre a
" los Minifiros y 'Tredic adores rebol-
' ' tores de Efiocia-, dando les mano con-
" tra el Rey mifino y procurando por
' ' fii medio de tenet mas man do en E-
" ficqcia qiie el dicho Rey,y qttando fine
" el dicho Rey aT>inamarca a cafiarfie
' ' accordaron los Inglefies de camino pa-
" ra pretiderle y llevarle prefio a In-
" glaterra.

7. " La dicha Reyna de Inglaterra
" nunca ha querido dar al dicho Rey el
" eft ado de fiu Tadre que le tocava en
' ' Inglaterra., ni le quifio entregar Ar-
" belli hija de fiuTiofipara cafiarla con
* ' elT)uque de Lenox en Eficocia, qttan-
" do el dicho Rey no teniendo hijo, pre-
" tendia hazer al dicho T>uqtie fii pa-
" riente file ce (for de la corona de E-
" ficocia, en el qual tiempo la Reyna
" nfi palabras muy afiperas y de mu-
' ' cho defiprecio contra el dicho Rey de
" Eficocia.

" 8 'Vltimamente la dicha Reyna
•' ha procttrado por medio de fins par-
" dales en Eficocia de tirar en fiu po-
" der al hijo zino del dicho Rey,
" principe que es aora de Eficocia,
" con pretextos que efiaria mas fie-
' ' guro en Inglaterra, pero la verdad
' ' es que la Inglefia queria hazer otro
*' tanto a effe Rey por medio dejfie hijo
" fi^yo, fi le tuviejfe entre las manos,
." que hizo al Tadre y a la Madre del
" mifino Rey por medio fiuyo, quando

efiiava apoderada del, que fine qui-
" tar les el rey no y la vida, y afifi no

tiene el Rey de Eficocia otro refagio
'• para librarfie defios peligros que pro-
" curar de unirfie con lafiedeApoftolica
" y con el Rey de Efipana, ^-^ por efio
" man do el dicho Rey prop oner los con-

" ciertos

5. " That the faid Queen has always
protected the laid King's Enemies and
Rebels, and by their means has caus'd
the faid King to be three or four times
taken into Cuftody , and to remain
in the Power and Dilpofal of the faid
rebellious Subjects, to the great Dil^
honour and Peril of the Perfon of
the fiiid King, as has of late appear-,
ed in the /aid ^ieens favouring and
protecting the Earl oi Bothwell , a
Scot, Rebel and Enemy to the laid
King.

6. " The faid Queen of £';/^//?:;:?,^ has
always favour'd and liipported the Mi-
nifters and Preachers that embroifd
Scotland, giving them an helping
band againft the King himfelf, and en-
deavouring by their means to have
more Power in Scotlandth^in the King
himfelf; and when the laid King went
lolDenmark to be marry'd, the Eng-
lijh contrived to feize him by the
way, and to carry him Prifoner into
England.

7. " The faid Queen oi England nt-
ver would give the laid King his Fa-
ther's Eftate that belong'd to him in
England; nor Avould me deliver up
W him, Arbella his Uncle's Daugh-
ter, to be marry'd to the Duke of Le-
nox in Scotland, at the time when
the laid King having no Iflue, intend-
ed to make the faid Duke his Succel^
for Heir to the Crown of Scotland,
at which time the Queen utter 'd very
harlli Words, and of much Contempt
againft the King of Scotland.

8. " Laftly, the faid Queen has by
means of her Partifans in Scotland,
endeavour'd to draw into her Power
the faid King's Infant Son, now Prince
of Scotland, upon pretence that he
would be fafer in England; but the
Truth is, that the Englijh W omin
would ferve this King by the means
of this his Son, if flie had him in her
Hands, as llie ferv'd the lame King's
Father and Mother by his means,
when flae had him in her Power,
vvhich was taking av^^ay their King-
dom and Life ; and thus the King of
Scotland has no other recourfe to ref
cue him from thefe Dangers, than to
endeavour to unite himfelf with the
See Apoftolick, and with the King of
Spain, and for this Reafon the laid

" King

Book I. Mr. Ogleby'j" Negotiation in Spain. 5

*' ciertos y partidos Jkuietites para la " King ordcr'd the following Propofals An. IS96.
" Confederacion con tlfpana. " to be made, in order to a Confedc- -— -— '

" racy with Spain.

Lo que offrece el Invicfliffimo Rcy dc
Elcocia a fii Magcftad Catholica,
por bien de entrambos Reyes y
Reynos.

I. " Lo primero de reconciliarje y
' fu Reyno con la fede Apojiollca., y

■ dar fatis face ion aju Santidad en effi

■ particular, y de concurrir a la cx-

tirpacion de todas las Herejias en
' los Reynos de Eicociay Inglaterra y
Irlanda.

X. " IDe hazer lig^ offenfiva y de-
fenfiva con el Rey de Efpana contra
todos los principes del mmiAo de
quales quiera fuerte qne/ean.

3 . " 1)e hazer guerra luego contra
la Reyna de Inglaterra, y decla-
rarfe por enemigo della, y opponien-
dofe a todos fus cofas en Efcocia, In-
glaterra, Irlanda, y otras partes.

4. " Reconciliarje luego con todos
los condes y otros fenores Catholicos
Efcocefes que ban tornado armas por
la Religion Catholica 0 ejian defter-
rados por ella, los quales todos feran
rejiituidos luego a fus eflados, bienes

y honras, y el Rey fe unira con ellos,
y fe governarapdr fu confejo dellos,
y los honrard, defenderd y regala-
rd, y a todos los demas que Jean Ca-
tholicos.

5". " T)araelRey amparo y focorro
a todos los Catholicos Inglefes y Ir-
landezes que huyeren de la perfecu-
cion de Inglaterra, y les dard liber -
tady feguridad de bivir catholica-
mente en todos fus eft ados deEfcocia.

6. ' ' Retirard de todos los eft ados de
Flandesy Franc ia a todos los Efco-
cefes que fir ben a los herejes 0 con-
tra el Rey de Efpana, y mandard
fo pena de la Vida que no fir ban mas
a ningun principe contra el dicho

■ Rey.

7. " Ayudard al dicho Rey de Ef-
' pana con loooo hombres de guerra
' contra qualquier enemigo fuyo, y ejio
' a cofia del dicho Rey de Efpana
' mientras que el dicho Rey de Efco-
' cia no alcanna la corona de Inglater-
' ra, per 9 en akan^andola ayudard

con

The Offers of the moft inviJiciblc
/('///(j^(?/ Scotland to his Catholic k
Majejiy, for the Advantage of
both Kings and Kingdoms.

I. " In the firfl: place, to reconcile
himfelf and his Kingdom, to the See
ApoftoJick, and to give his Holinefs
Satisfadion-in this pa-ticu!ar ; and to
concur in the Extirpation of ail He-
reHes in^ the Kingdoms of Scotland,
England and Ireland,
t. " To conclude a 'Lty^ue off en five
<2;?<af defenfive with the King oi Spain,
againft all the Princes in the IVorld.,
of 'what fort Ibever.

3. " To make War immediately on
the Queen of England, and to de-
clare himfelf her Enemy, oppofing
all her Defigns in Scotland, England,
Ireland, and other Parts.

4. " To be immediately reconcil'd
to all the Earls and other Scotch No-
blemen, who have taken Arms for
the Carholick Religion, or are ba-
niflh'dfor it, who mail all bereftor'd
to their Eftates, Goods and Honours,
and the King will joyn with them,
and be rul'd by their Advice, and
will honour, defend and cherifli
them, and all others that are Catho-
licks.

5. " The King will proredJ: and flip-
port all the Englifh and Irifh Catho-
licks, that iliall fly from the Perfe-
cution in England-., and will give
them Liberty and Security, to live
after the Catholick manner, in all his
Dominions of Scotland.

6. "He V\^ill withdraw out of all the
Dominions of Flanders and France,
all the Scots that ferve the Hereticks,
or againft the King of Spain; and
will enjoy n them upon- Pain of
Death, not to ferve any Prince a-
gainft the faid King.

7. "He will fopply the King of
Spain with loooo Soldiers, againfl
any Enemy of his, and this at the
King of Spain's Charge, as long as
the faid King of Scotland does not
obtain the Crown of England ; but
as foon as he has obtain'd it, he fhall

C furnilli

Air. Ogleby V Negotiation m Spain. Book L

^H. iS9^- " <^^^^ ^^ mifmo numero a^fit cojia, haft a
' ' que cl Rey de E/paiia ay a acabado
' ' Las guerras de FLandes.

8. " Embiara el Rey de Efcocta dos
" Embaxadores de gente muy princi-
" paly de los may ores de fu rey no, pa-
" ra refidir en las dos Cortes de Ef-
" pana y de Flandcs, y por fu medio
" de eftos fe ajfentardn los cofas mas
" en particular.

9. " Mas dejjo ojfrece el Rey de Ef
' ' cocia de entregar al Rey de Efpa-
" na Jii hijo el principe de Efiocia
' ' para mayor fegiiridad de todos eftos
" conciertos, y que eft 0 fe- hard luego
'■'■ ft fu Mdjeftad Catholic a fera fervi-
" do affentar eft a ligay confentir a las
' ' cofis que fe piden , que fin las f-
" guientes.

furniih the fame Number at his own
Coll, till the King oi Spain lliall have
put an End to the Wars in Flanders.

8. " The King of .y^f?//^//^ will fend
two Embaffadors of the prime Nobi-
lity, and the greateft in his Kingdom,
to refide at the two Courts of Spain
and Flanders, and by their means
matters ihall be more particularly ad-
jufted.

9. " Furthermore, the King of JVo^-
land offers, to deliver up to the
King of Spain, his Son, the Prince
of Scotland, for the greater Securi-
ty of all thefe Stipulations ; and that
this Ihall be done immediately, if his
Catholick Majefty ihall pleafe to con-
clude this League, and to confent to
fuch things as are demanded, which
are thefe that follow.

Las cofas que el \ny\GcSfimo Rey
de Efcocia, pide a fu Mageftad
Catholica, para affiento de la
Liga entre ambos Reyes y Rey-
nos.

I . " Lo primer 0 que ny el Rey de
EJpana ni otro p or fit derecho, ni
por medio, favor y ayiida pretenda
derecho a los Coronas de Inglaterra,
Efcocia 0 irlanda, por qualquiera
via de fucceffion, admijfon, con-
quifta, 0 e7i otra manera de preten-
tion.

1. " ^e el Rey de Efpafia ayude
llanamente al Rey de Efcocia para
alcancar la corona de Inglaterra, y
de Efcocia, y que para efto ha de
dar doze mil hombres armados y pa-
gados mientras que durare el tiempo
de la guerra contra la Reyna de In-
glaterra, & mas defto quinientos
mil ducados en dinero, pagados al
dicho Rey de Efcocia para p>rinci-
■ piar la guerra die ha.

3- " ^e el Rey de Efpana de aqui
' adelante ha de tratar con el Rey de
' Efcocia folo y con los Miniftros que
' fenalard en las cofas que pertene-
' r^ieren a eft a liga,y no con otros Vaf
' f alios fuyos, aunque fean Condes y
' grandes Seuores & Catholicos, fin
' fu licenciay confentimiento, pues es
' jufto que el Rey fean preferido a to-
' dos fns vafallos.

4. " ^ne

The Things which the mo ft invinci-
ble King of Scotland demands of
his Catholick Majefty , for conclud-
ing of the League, between both
Kings and Kingdo'ms.

1. " Firft, that neither the King of
Spain, nor any other in his Right,
nor by his means, favour, or afli-
ftance, do pretend any Right to the
Crowns of England, Scotland or
Ireland, by any way of Succeflion,
Admiflion, Conqueft, or other man^
ner of Pretenfion.

2. " That the King of Spain fliall
openly affift the King of Scotland
towards attaining the Crown oi Eng-
landoLndoi Scotland; and that to this
Effedt, he ihall furniih twelve thou-
fand Men, arm'd and paid, during all
the Time that the War iliall laftagainft
the Qiieen of England; and more-
over, iive hundred thoufand Ducats
in Money, to be paid to the faid Xing
of Scotland, to begin the faid War.

3. " That from henceforward, the
King of Spain iliall treat with none
but the Kins of Scotland, and with
the Minilters he ihall appoint, of
Matters relating to this League ; and
not with any other of his Subjed:s,
tho' they be Earls, and great Lords
and Catholicks, without his Leave
and Confent; for it is Juflice that
the King be preferr'd before all his
Subjedts,

4^. " That

Book I. Mr. Ogleby'j NegoUatmi in Spain.

" 4. ^71 c el Rcy de Efpana mande
" aff'entar en fits Reynos y ejiados una
" c'tcrta forma de comer cio y contrato
" por los mercaderes Efio fifes conio
" t ten en en otras partes con nomine
" de ejlable-, y que tengan fiS jiiefes.,
" fueros franquefas y privilcgios de
" contratac'ton en provecbo de entram-
" bos Reynos.

5. " §lue fu Mage ft ad Catholic a
*' mande embien a Efcocia un Em-
" baxador que refida en aqnella Corte
" jv guife las cojas a gnfto de fu Ma-
" geftad.

6. " ^le el Coronel Simple Efcoce's
' ' fe embie luego a Flandes para que
" el Rey de Efcocia fe frva del en
" eftas occafones.

7. " ^le fu Mage fl ad Catholic a
"■ mande embiar a Efcocia con eft.e
*' Agent e y Commijfario del Rey algun
" hombre confidente-, prudent e^ ypla-
' ' ticOy el qtial vea las cofas como eft an
' ' y hable con el Rey de Efcocia , y
' ' trayga refolution en todoy y la poffi-
" bilidad, facilidad, 0 difficult ad que
" ay a para cumplir todos eftos con-
" ciertos y ojfrecimientos.

En Toledo a quinze de Ju-
nio, 1 596.

JUAN OGLEBY.

4. " That the King o? Spiin do yf«. 159(5.
give order, for appointing a certain ^^'~\' ^
Form of Trade and Commerce
throughout his Kingdoms and Do-
minions, for the Scotlfh Merchants,

as they have in other Parts, by the
Name of a Staple ; and that they
may have their Judges, Rights, Fran-
chifcs, and Privileges in Trade, to
the Advantage of both Kingdoms.

5. " That his Catholick Majefty or-
der an Embafllidor to be lent into
Scotland to refide in that Court, and
to difpofe Affairs to his Majeily's
liking.

6. " That Colonel Simple a Scotch-
man, be immediately fent into Flan-
ders, that the King may make ufe
of him upon thefe Occafions.

7. " That his Catholick Majefly do
order a trufty, difcreet and experi-
enc'd Peribn to be fent with this A-
gent and CdmmiHiiry into Scotland,
who may fee the Pofture Affairs are
in, and difcourfe with the King of
Scotland-, and bring with him full
Orders in all Points, and the poffibi-
hty, facility, or difficulty, there
may be in perforhiing all thele Con-

■ ttads and Offers.

" ^^ Toledo, the Fifteenth of
" June, iS9<^-

JOHN OGLE BT.

Lo que opponia Juan Cecilio, The OhjeBtons ?nade by John Ce-

facerdote Ingles contra los of- cil, an Engl{f]3 Prtefl^ aga'mfi

frecimientos de Juan Ogleby the Offers mack by John Ogle-

ya propueftos. by.

J^ntamente con efte A^ente del Rey
de Efcocia Ogleby, uino en fu com-
pania defde Roma Juan Cecilio Ingles,
el qiial avia vivido muchos alios en
Efcocia, y conociay avia tratadofnncho
a los Condes de Anguis, Arrolli, Htmt-
tely y otros Senores , que fe avian de-
clarado en favor de la religion Catho-
lica, y por ellos era embiado a Efpana
primer oy defpues a Roma, para contra-
decir a toda efta negotiacion & facion
del Rey de Efcocia, y de algunos polli-
ticos y herejes Ingle fes que fe oponian

al

Together with this Ogleby the
King of Scot land,' i Agent, came
in his Company from Rome, John Cecily
an Engliftoman, who had liv'd many
Years in Scotland, and was acquainted,
and had much convers'd with the Earls
of Angus, Arrol, Huntley and other
Lords, who had declar'd in favour of
the Catholick Religion; and was by
them firft fent into Spain, and a^rer-
wards to Rome, to oppole all this Ne-
gotiation and Contrivance of the King
of Scotland, and by fome Engl[^7 Po-
liticians

An

8 Mr. Ogleby'j* Negotiation in Spain. Book L

iro6 d Key en clla, j^ara afegurar pr efta liticians and Hereticks who oppos'd the

via lafuccejjion que elpetende a laCo- King therein ; by this Means to afTure

rojta de Iip^laterra, y para efte effeto the Siicceflion which he pretends to

el dkbo Cecilio dio different es Memo- the Crown of England ; and to this

riales a fu Magejiad' Catholica en la EfFed:, the faid Cecil prefented feveral

conformidadjigtiiente. Memorials to his CathoHck Majefty,

of the following Purport.

Contra la perfona de Pury Ogleby,
o de Juan Ogleby , Efcoces y fu

negociacion.

I. " T rimer amente dixo, que ejie
Agente aimque la religion que tiene
deve defer Catholica, toda via nunca
uvo mucba confian^a del entrelosCa-
tholicos de Efcocia., antes ha avido
Jiempre mncha foffecha de fu trato,
parte por aver eftado el en Ingla-
terra y fido muy intimo con algunos
Miniftros principales de la Reyna, y
parte porque el padre defte Ogleby,
y fus deudos y cimigos mas cercanos
fon conocidamente herejes.

X. " Lo fegundo, la fofpecha que la
' carta de confanfa qrie trae ejie Ca-
vallero del Rey de Efcocia, o es fin-
gida 0 ficada per arte , fn qr.e el
Rey aya advertido ?nucho en ello, y
efto por medio de un cierto Thomas

■ Hejkin cafado con hermana dejie Ca-

■ vallero, el qual Hejkin priva mucho

■ con el Rey de Efocia, y mas efte

■ Agente ha confejjado que ely muchos

• otro Efcocefes faben contrahazer el

• fello y firma del Rey quando es me-
' nefter.

3. " Lo tercero, la manera de nego-
'• ciar defte Cavalkro, es muy varia-

■ ble, agtida y fiibjeta a fofpechar ;

■ porque en Flandes ncgocib primero

• con Carlos Tagetio y con el T)o^or
'• Gifordo, y con otros de aquella par-
' cialidad de Ingle fes politico:, que
' ftgu^u al Rey de Efcocia, fn ref
' guar do a fu religion, y para algunos
' dellos truxo cartas del Rey de Efco-
' cia, y con fu direccion fiie a Italia
' para tratar con diver fos principes
' en favor del Rey de Efcocia, con
' muchas quexas contra los fautores
' del Rey de Efpana, y de la otra

Againft the Terfon ^/ Pury Ogleby
or John Ogleby, a Scot, and his
Negotiation.

I. " In the firft Place, he faid, that
this Agent, tho' the Religion he
profefs'd was likely Catholick, how-
ever, he was never much 'confided
in by the Catholicks of Scotland ;
but on the contrary, his Behaviour
has always been much fiifpedted;
partly, on account of his having
been in England, and very intimate
with fome of the Queen's prime Mi-
niflers, and partly becaufe this Ogle-
by's Father, and his Relations and
lieareft Friends are known Hereticks.
X. " Secondly, the Jealoufly that
the Letter of Credence, which this
Gentleman brings from the King of
Scotland, is eirher counterfeit, or
obtain'd by fbme Wile, without the
King's reflecSling much on it ; and
this, by means of one * Thomas Hef
kin, who is marry'd to this Gentle-
man's Sifter, the which Hejkin is
much in favour with the King of
Scotland ; and befides , this Agent
has confefs'd, that he and many

' other Scots,C2in counterfeit the King's
Hand and Seal upon occafion.
3. " Thirdly, this Gent leman'sls/lt-
thod of negotiating, is very variable,
fliarp and fufpicious; for in Flan-
ders he firft treated with Charles T^a-
get, and Doctor Gijford, and others
of that Party of £'z?g/z/?? Politicians,
who adhere to the King of Scot-
land, without any regard to his Re-
ligion ; and he brought Letters from

' the King of Scotland, for fome of
them, and by their Direction went
into Italy, to treat with feveral
Princes in favour of the King of
Scotland, with many Complaints a-
gainft the Favourers of the King of

This is a Miftake in the Original, and fliould be Themas Erjl<m.

parte

Book I. Air. Ogleby'.? Negotiatton in Spain.

parte-, at mifmo tiempo trath mtiy en
fecreto y con nmcha cat a con EJle-
van de Ibarra., fccrctario y mhujlro
principal de fu Mageftad Catholica
en Flandes^ y lo mtjmo con el T)iique
de Seffa, Embaxador de fu Mage-
Jiad Catholica en Roma., y con todo
ejto buyb quanta pudo de juntarfe
con 'Juan Cecilio, y de venir con
el a Efpaha., por fuber que el en-
tendia bien las cofas de Efcocia^ que
es final que no lleva mui derecha in-
tencion en las cofas de la Religion
Catholica.

4. "■ Lo quarto^ efte hombre no efia
bien con los Condes y otros Senores
CathoUcos que fe ban levantado por
la Religion Catholica en Efcocia,
como bien parece en todo lo que pide
al Rey de Efpaiia en nombre de fu
Rey , que no fean oydos ; mas dejio
no habla bien de los trabajos de los
padres Efcocefes de la Campania de
Jefus, que ban aprovechado mucho
a la Religion Catholica en aqtiet
Reyj'W, y mucho menos eft a bien con
las cofas del Cardenal Alano que fea
en gloria., y del padre Terfonioy y
del padre Holto^ y de otros que fl-
guen el mifmo camino por la. verda-
dera reduce ion de Inglaterra-, de
donde fe puede coligir que eft a nego-
ciacion de Juan Ogleby no tiene mu-
cho fundament 0 fino para entretener
el tiempo y rebolver humores en ei
mundo.

' Spain: And on the other hand, -^t An.xs^^.

the lame Time, he very privately,
' and with much Caution, treated with
'- Stephen de Ibarra., his Catholick

■ Maj ell y's ^Secretary, and prime Mi-

■ nider iw Flanders \ *as alio with the

■ Duke of Sejfa., his Cathohck Maje-

■ fty's EiBba/Tador at P^ome ; and not-

■ withftanding alJ this, he avoided as
' much as he could, joyning with John

Cecil., and coming into Sfdin with
; him, as knowing him to be well

■ vers'd in the Affairs of S cot lav d ;

■ which is a Sign, that his Intention
is not very fmcere, in relation to
what concerns the Catholick Reli-
gion.

4. " Fourthly., this Man does not
ftand well with the Earls and other
Catholick Lords, who have taken up
Arms for the Catholick Religion in
Scotland:, as flifficiently appears by
all that he demands of the King of
Spain., in his own King's Name;
that they be not heard. Befides, he
does not fpeak well of the Labours
of the Scotch Fathers of the Society
o£ Jefus, who have been very fer-
yiceable to the Catholick Religion in
that Kingdom ; much lefs is he well
affedred to the Affairs of Cardinal
Alan, whom God take into his Glo-
ry, and of Father Tarfons and Fa-
ther Holtj and of others who fol-
low the fame Method for the fincere
^tdaCtionof England : Whence may
be inferr'd, that John Ogleby's Nego-
tiation has little in it, but a Defign
to gain Time, and raife Confufions
in the World.

Difficultades de la parte del Rey de TDi^culties on the Tart of the King
Efcocia. of Scotland.

I . " Tampoco parece que de la parte
del Rey ae Efcocia., y de fi ferfona
ay alguna firme dijpoficion para el
t rat ado con fu fantidad, 0 con fu
Mageftad Catholica. Lo primero,
porque en todo efte tiempo y difcur-
fo de la vida del Rey defpues que
llego a alios de difctecion que fin y a
mas /s/^ I X , ha mo fir ado jamas final
alguna de querer fir Catholico, no
obftante todas las diligencias que fe

" Nor does it appear on the Part of
the King of Scotland, and of his
Perfbn, that there is any folid Dilpo-
fition towards the Treaty with his
Holinels, or with his Catholick Ma-
jefty. In the firft place, becaufi du-
ring all this Time, and the Courfe of
the King's Life, fince he arriv'd at
Yearj" of T>ifcretion, which is now
above ix Years, he has never fliown
any Sign oi being inclined to be a Ca-

* This Paffage feems to confirm what ! before obferv'd from D'offat's Letters,

D

ban

lO
All. 1 5915.

Mr. Ogleby'j Negotiation in Spain. Book I.

ban hecho for los fadres de la Com-
fania de entrambas nacmies Ingle-
fa y Efcocefa que fon mtichijjimas ^
quanta por otras Ter/bnas, Fr da-
dos y Trincipes que ban dejfeado y
procurado fa bien del dicbo Rey por
letras, menfageros, prefantes y otros
mediost pero fiempre fan fruto.

a. " Elba efirito I'tbros de fai mano
contra la religion Catholica, ha he-
cbo y piblicaao EdiBos, ha dejier-
rado muchos^ ha matado algunos, ha
confpirado con la Reyna de Lt^later-
ra, y figuido fa traga en todo, ha-
le dado el poder de los miniftros y
predicadores fauyos-, bafae cafado con
Reyna Luterana, arenas ha vifto 0
ley do libro Catbolico^ en fau vida no
quifao confarir ni oyr hombre Catboli-

• CO de nueftra parte., todos fats deu-
' dos., amigos y familiares fan here-

• jes ; luego como es pofaible que ejie
■ hombre fa baga Catholico de repen-

te.

3 . " /" confarme a ejio, entre los mo-

tivos y razones que efle hombre pone

de la parte del Rey para mover fa a

alianga y amijlad con el Rey de E-

fpanaj y union con lafaede Apoftoli-

ca, ninguno fae ha liar a de religion

Catbolica., fano que todos los rejpe-

tos fan de vengan^a por dams reci-

bidosy los quales refpetos todavia

pueden tanpoco con efte Rey como fae

ha vifto por la experiencia de tantos

aHios que ban pajfado defpues \de la

muerte de fau madre, y de los demas

agravios recibidos, los quales fae pti-

ede penfar que fae cuenten mas prejio

para moftrar lo que tm Rey avia de

faentirlos, que no que bagan alguna

imprefaion en elpecbo del Rey de Efa-

cocia, el qual fa tiene por mui lexos

del fintimiento que aqui fau Agente

quiere moftrar tener fau amo,puesfae

tiene por mui cierto que el no fala-

mente confantib a la muerte de fau ma-

dre efaribiendo una carta a la In-

glefa, que comtngava con eftas pa-

tholick, notwithftanding all the En-
deavours us'd as well by the Fathers
of the Society of both the Englifly
and Scotch Nations, which are very
many, as by other Perfons, Prelates
and Princes, who have defir'd and
promoted the Good of the faid King
by Letters, Meflengers, Prefents, and
other means, but always without any
Succefs.

^. " He* has writ Books with his
own Hand againfl the Catholick Re-
ligion, and made and publilli'd Pro-
clamations ; has banilli'd many ; has
put fome to Death ; has confpir'd
with the Queen of England, and
foliow'd her Methods in all Points ;
has given her the Power of his Mi-
nifters and Preachers ; has marry'd a
Lutheran Queen ; has fcarce feen or
jread a Catholick Book, during the
whole courfe of his Life ; would never
confer with or hear any Catholick
on our Behalf; all his Kindred, Friends
and familiar Acquaintance are He-
reticks ; how then is it poffible that
this Man fliould on a ludden become
a Catholick ?

3. " Now according to this, among
the Motives and Reafons this Man
propofes on his King's behalf to in-
cline him to an Alliance and Friend-
fliip with the King oi Spain, and U-
nion with the See Apoftolick, none
can be found to be grounded on the
Catholick Religion, but all the Con-
fiderations proceed from Revenge for
Damages received, the which Confi-
derations are neverthelefs of To little
Force with this King, as has appear-
ed by the Experience of fo many
Years asareelaps'dfince his Mother's
Death, and the other Injuries recei-
ved, the which it may well be thought
are mention'd rather to fliew how
much a King ought to relent them,
than that they make any Imprefllon
on the Heart of the King of Scot-
land, who is very void of that Re-
fentment that his Agent here would
reprelent hisMafler to be fenfible of;
for it is look'd upon as very certain,
that he not only confented to his

* The King about this time publi(hed a Treatife called Bafdkon Boron, which is too well known to be
more particularly mentioned. And 'tis remarkable that Cambden himfelf tells us, that he publiQVd that
IreatUe to obviate lome Refledions that were then call upon-him.

" labrasy

Book I. Mr. Oglebys Negotiation in Spain.

II

labras^ wortui von mordent, ^c. Jino
que rambicn cl pxocjfrb lo mifrno for
medio dc pi Emhaxador, el Majler
Gray Cat hoik o politico que entonces
rc/ldia en Londres, como el defines
lo ha confcfnzc/cjy affirmado.

4. ' ' Mas dejio los Cathollcos de Ef-
cocta le tienen no filament e por he-
re je mm objlinado y rcfuelto en fns
herejias, 0 mas prejto por hombre
que no Je le da nada de religion al-
guna, Jino tambien por hombre in-
conjiante, variable, mal condlclona-
do, que no guarda ley ni promejfa,
ni palabra algnna , Jino en quanto
provecho lemueve,y dejto tienen lar-
gas experlenclas , y muchos exem-
plos, como ferla qne le dlo los avos
atras fu palabra por efirito al Con-
de de Annuls, y a los Senores de
F entry y de la T) I Ian da todos tres
Cathollcos, de qne no fir Ian molefta-
dos por la religion Catholica, y lue-
go dlo otras cedulas firmadas tam-
bien de fin mano para que fiuejen
prefiosy muertos, y ajfii les fiucedlera,
fi los dos caveles (algun yerro ay a-
qui en el original) pcro al tercero,
qne fine el Senor de Fentry, fie dlo
la muerte.

5" . " //(« mlfima Infidelldad delRey fie
' ' not a por muchos otros exemplos, co-
" mo del Ollfipo de T>umplaln Efico-
"■ ces y del padreGnlllelmo Holto In-
' ' gles, y del Coronel Simple Eficoces,
" los quale s andando a tratar con el en
" Eficocla en cofias de gran fiervlclo
' ' fi^y^ debaxo de la fiegurldad de fin
' ' palabra, cayeron en grandes pellgros
" por qne no les qulfi mantener pala-
" bras.

6. "■ La mijma infidelldad moflro el
" Rey de Eficocla a los dos Oblfipos
" Efiocefies deGlaficoy de Ros, ejcri-
" biendoles kiego defipues de la muerte
" de laReyna fiiimadre, que quedavan

\ The Word Gray is torn out of the Original, but it being well known he was at that timeEmbaffador
in England, 1 have ventured to fupply it. The Advice here mention'd to be given, our Hiflorians lay up-
.^„ ti,» c~i-.n-.j„- gj^jj jjQj w^on the King; which is agreeable to the reft of his Conduft, he appearing
OP Kppn nn hpttpr rVian a .Snv nnri Tnnl nf the Serretarv's.

•tch Popiih Lords in Re-

" por

Mother's Death, writing a Letter to An. iS9^-
thcEn^llJhQiiccn, which began with
thclc Words, The T>ead do not bite,
^c. but that he alfo promoted the
the fame by means of his EmbafTador
the Alaflcr | Gray, a pohticalCatho-
hck, who then rcfidcd in London, as
he has flnce C07ifiek'd and affirm'd.
4. " Moreover, the Catholicks of
Scotland do look upon him not only
as a very obftinate Heretick and pofi-
tive in his Herefies, or rather as a
Man that values no Rehgion whatfo-
ever, but alfo as an inconflant, chan-
geable and ill-temper'd Perfon, who
obferves no Faith, Promife or Word,
any farther than Intereft prevails with
him; and of this they have had long
Experience and many Inftances, as
this is, that fome Years fince he en-
gag'd his Word in writing to the Earl
oi Angus, and to the Lords of Fen-
try and oiXT>lland, all three Catho-
licks, that they fliould not be mole-
fted on account of the Catholick Re-
ligion ; and prefently after he grant-
ed other Warrants under his own
Hand alio, for apprehending and put-
ting them to Death ; and fo it had
far'd with them, if the two {here Is
fiome defieB In the Original, which I
finppofie to be that they made their
Eficape) but the third being the Lord
Fentry, was put to Death.
5". " The fame unfaithful Temper of
the King is to be obferv'd in many
other Inftances, as thofe of the Bi-
ihop oiT)unblane 2l Scot, and of Fa-
ther William Holt an Englijhman ^
and of Colonel Sample a Scot, who
going to treat with him in Scotland
about Affairs that highly concern 'd
his Service, under the Security of his
Word, underwent great Dangers be-
caule he would not make good his
Promifes.

6. " The King of Scotland pradifed
the fame Fallhood towards the two
Scotch Bilhops oiGlaficow undRofis^
writing to them immediately after the
Death of the Queen his Mother, that

on the EmbafTador, and not upon tne iving; wnicn is agreeaoie to tne reit or nis

in following Papers to have been no better than a Spy and Tool of the Secretary's.

:|; This is a Corruption in the Original from Sandiland, who was one of the Scot

bellion. Rymer's Fxdera, Fo/. 16./. 194

12

Mr. Ogleby's Negotiation in Spaiii. Book I.

j^n. 1^96. " por fas Embaxadores en Francia-, y
'• ■ que ks bolveria [us Obifpados y bi-
" enes en Efcoc'ia for los fervicios
' ' grandes que le havian hecho y a fu
" rnadre^ fero luego defpies les qne-
" bro la palabra^ y no ctimplio itada,
" antes ks confifio todos Los bienes
' que en Efcocia tenian.

7. " Muerta la Reyna fu Madre en
*' Inglaterra el-, por d'zjfimular mas y
" fingir fent'tmiento /j/zo jurar a toda
" fu noble za la venganza de la dkha
" muerte.) pero mmci la quifo execii-
" tar.) antes a todos los que dejio en-
" tendia fer dejfco^os ipcvCiguio vom-
" bradamente y les yva confifcando los
"' bienes.

8. " Tocos anos a que entendiendo
que los Catholicos Grecian mucho en
Efcocia.) les exorto for fits cartas
que fe juntajfen en la villa de St.
Johnjton 7to lexos de la Corte, di-
ziendo que con ejia occafion el tam-
bien fe juntaria con ellos far a ha-
zer guerra a lalnglefa en venganga
de la muerte de fu madre., pero jun-
tos que los vio , el junto en otra
parte las Cortes del Reyno, y los
accuso y condenb de traycion confif-
cando les fus bienes., y levant ando
un contra ellos.

9 . " El Conde 0 Senor de Ororick Ir-
landes vino de Irlanda aEfcociatres
0 quatro anos ha., baxo de lapalabra
y feguridad dejle Rey, y luego for-
que la Reyna de Inglaterra offrecio
mas dinero para que fe le entegraffe
el Rey contra jus gentium le mando
entregar y le fiie cortada la cabeza
enLondres.

10. " Toco tiempo ha que efando
" con neceffidad de dineros efie Rey,
" ordeno que tin padre de la Compania
" de Jefiis, llamadojacobo Gordon, tio
" del Conde de Hunt e ley, fiiejfe a Ro-
" ma apedir a fu fantidad dineros y

that they were to remain as his Em-
bafladors in France, and that he
would reftore to them their Bifhop-
ricks and Eftates in Scotland, for the
great Service they had done to him-
lelf and to his Mother ; but immedi-
ately after he broke his Word with
them, and perform'd nothing, but on
the contrary confilcated all the Eftates
they had in Scotland.

7. " The Queen his Mother being
dead in England, he the better to dii-
femble and counterfeit Sorrow, caus V
alt his Nobility to take an Oath to
revenge the faid Murder, but would
never put the fame in Execution ; but
on the contrary, he particularly /^r-
y^cuted all thofe that he thought
were intent upon the fame, and by
degrees confifcated their Eftates.

8. "A few Years fmce, underftand-
ing that the Catholicks increased
much in Scotland, he by his Letters
encouraged them to affemble at St.
Johnjions, not far from the Court,
laying, that upon this Opportunity
he alio would join them to make
War on the Englijh f^ieenj in Re-
venge for the Murder ot his Mother ;
but when he faw they were come
together, he aflembled the Parlia-
ment of the Kingdom in another
Place, charg'd them with, and con-
demn'd them forHigh-Trealbn, con-
fifcating their Eftates, and raifmg a
againft them.

9. " The Earl or Lord of * Ororick
an Irijhman came out oi Ireland in-
to Scotland three or four Years agoi
upon this King's Word and Security^
and immediately, becaufe the Queen
of England offer 'd more Money to
have him deliver'd up to her, the
King, contrary to the Law of Na-
tions, order'd him to be deliver'd j
and his Head was ftruck off at Lon-
don.

10. " Not long fince this King being
in want of Money, order'd a Father
of the Society oijefis, whofe Name
v^TisJamesGordon, Uncle to the Earl
oi Huntley, to go to Rome to ask
Money and Supplies of his Holinefs,

* This is likewife.a Miftake in the Original, and flrould be O Kovk; I refer the Reader to Camhien for
a more particular Account of his Tryal and Execution.

" focorros

Book I. Mr. Ogleey .y Negotiatio?i in Spain,

focorros con fromejfa que elfejnn-

taria con los Catboiicos^ y bolv'zeu-

do cl die ho padre a Efcocia con mu'i

bnenos recaudos., cayo en muy grandcs

peligros^ porqne el Rey le qnebrh la

palabra, ^ aviso a la Ingle/a de los

recaudos, Okt Tapa, Jfara ver Jl

ella los quer'ta mcjorar, y ajji le em-

biaron deJnglaterra sooo Ann^e lot csy

y gozb el Rey del dinero del nno y

del otro Trincipe, pero favor ecio

como fiempre a los herejes, (y defam-

parb a los Catholicos ; y con efto fe

vee lo que fe pitede far de la pala-

bra dejfe Rey ; pero mucho menos fe

pucde far de fn valor ^ pues fe'is o

fate vezes ya fe ha dexado prender

& tener prefo de fus vafallos, fn

remedio ningujto, ni fentmiento que

aya hecho dello por fu bojira a feli-

gro de fu perfona, de donde fe fupone

de quan poca ivsv^ottancia fea la

llga que fe puede hazer con el para

■ los Elpaiioles, y de quan poco prove-

■ cho qtie fea Rey de tres Reynos ta-

■ les como fon los delnglaterra-, Efco-
' cia-, y Irlanda.

" La verdadera canfe que realmente
ha movido al Rey de Efcocia, y a al-
gunos politicos que le favorecen a
mojirar de querer rediifirfe a la re-
ligion Catholic a-t en eft a fazon, es el
libro de "Dolman, que fe efcribio el
ano paffado fobre laficceffion de In-
glaterra, en el qualpues fe declara
quel el Rey de Efcocia tiene muchos
companeros en la pretencion a aquel-
la fucceffion, y que todos tienen fus
derechos muy probables, & defpues
que ningunpretenfor fe puede admi-
tir por los Catholicos, qualquier de-

13

promifing that he \\'ould join tlic Ca- At. is<^6.
tholicks; and the faid Father return- v
ing into ^y^/?//;?;/^ with very goodDil-
patchcs, fell into very great Dangers,
becaufe the King broke his Word to
him, and gave notice of the Dil-
patchcs to the EngliJJy (Qiieen) the
Scent was of the Pope, to ice whe-
ther Ihc would advance upon the
fame, and thus he had 5000 Angels
fent him from England, and the King
made ufc of the Money of both
Princes; but he always favour'd the
Hcreticks, and fbrfbok the Catho-
hcks ; and thus we fee what Confi-
dence is to be repos'd on this King's
Word: but there is much Icfs realon
to rely on his Valour, flnce he has
fuffei'd himfelf to be fix or feven
times ieiz'd and kept Prifoner by his
Subjeds, without applying any Re-
medy, or having the lead refented it
for the fake of his Honour , or the
Danger of his Perfon : whence it is
eafy to guefs, of how little confe-
quence the League that may be con-
cluded with him, will be to ihtSpani-
ards,o.nd how little it will avail that he
be made Iving of three fuch Kingdoms
as England, Scotland and Ireland.
" * The true Caufe that has really
mov'dtheKingofiS'f^?/'/^;;;^, and fbme
Politicians chat favour him, to make
a Show of intending to embrace the
Catholick Religion at this time, is
T>olmaTii Book, which was written
the laft Year on the Subjed: of the
Succeflion of the Crown o? England^
wherein it is declared that the King
oi Scot land h'xs many Companions in
the Pretenfion to that Succeflion, and
that ail of them have very probable
Rights, and afterwards that no Pre-
tender can be admitted by theCatho-

* Tho' 'tis probable, Father Piir/on's Book (publifli'd about this time under the Name of Vo'eman) m\g\it
give the King fome Alarm; perhaps there was another anci better Reafon for fetting on foot this Treaty.
We are told by Roger Creighton z Scotchman, in his Life of Cardinal Vincent Laureo, (who was Protector of
Scotland during the Regency of Queen Mary) whofe Secretary he was, that the Queen fent her lafl Will
all wrote with her ov;n Hand (by which fhe excluded her Son of his SuccelTion to the Crown of England
in cafe he continued a Proteftant, and gave it to the King of S^c.in) to that Cardinal; wha comparing it
with feveral Letters he had received from that Queen, all of her own Hand, remained perfeftly fatisfied
it was the fame; and having figned it himfelf, and ciufed an EngUJh Bifhop then prefent to fign it likewife,
he delivered it to the Conde Olivarez, the then Spanifi EmhaiTador with Pope Sixtits ffhjintus at Roms, to
be fent into Spain. I will not avow the Truth of this Relation, becaufe Thuanm (who Lib.'&6. of his Hi-
ftory relates the Fad, where by the way he miflakes his Author's Name, and calls him Tritonius,) feems to

make fome doubt of it; for having given us the Relation, he adds, Id ne bona fide [crip ferit Tritonius,

nut commenttis fuerit, non dicam, nam a nemine quod fciam id memoratum. However 1 could not omit fo
remarkable a Circumftance, becaufe it feems to point at the true Caufe of this Negotiation, and accounts
(in fome meafure) for that Prince's Proceedings on other Occafions of the like nature, of which the Rea-
der will meet with frequent Inftances in the following Papers.

E " rechs-

14

An. i59<^. '

Mr. Ogleby'j" Negotiatioji in Spain. Book I.

recho que tenga de fmigre, Jino fea
conozidamente Catholko. Ha fa-
bido el Rey de Efcocia que ejie I'lbro
ha hecho grandes imp^ejjiones en to-
da fiierte de gente, y ajji querr'm
nor a ajfegurar fit partido, for efia
via de liga y tinion con fk fantldad
y con fti Mageftad Catholica, la qtial
no lleva mal medio., qiiando de la
farte del Rey y de los fiiyos huvi-
effe verdady intencion fmcera-., pe-
ro/i no ay mas que palabras fe fue-
de tamb'ien con falabras ]}agarfelo.y
y embiar un hombre a Efcocia con
efie Agent e , como el fe lo pide , y
hajla que bttelva y trayga la rela-
cion cierta de lo que ay por alia pa-
ra el cumplimiento de los ojfrecimi-
entos que le han hecho, y hafta que
fe de plena fatisfaccion a fu fanti-
dad en el negocio de la religion-, piie-

de fu Mageftad fiifpender el y

confultar el cafo como fuere fervi-
do.

ita fentio,

JUAN CECILIO.

licks, whatfoever his Eight may be
by Blood, unlefs he be a known Ca-
tholick. The King of Scotland has
nnderftood that this Book has made
much Irapre/Tion on all forts of Peo-
ple, and therefore he would now wil-
lingly fecure his own Intereft, by
this way of a League and Union wirh
his Holinefs, and with his Catholick
Majefty, which is not amifs, were
there any Truth and fmcere Intention
on the part of the King and his Ad-
herents; but if there be nothing but
Words, he may in like manner be
retaliated with Words, and a Man
fent to Scotland with this Agent, as
he himfelf demands ; and till he lliall
return, and bring a certain Account of
what he has found there, towards
the performance of the Offers made
him , and till his Holinefs be fully
fatisfy'd in relation to the Affair of,
Religion, his Majefly may fufpend

the and advife upon the matter

as he Ihall think fit.

This is my Opinion^

JOHN CECIL.

Conforme a efto fe deffacho el Agen-
te Ogleby y fe le fenalo en Madrid un
Cavallero Torttigues que fuejfe a Efco-
cia con el', conforme a lo que el mif-
mo avia pedido ; pero defpues el Agen-
te fe mudb, y aviendo accept ado el di-
cho compauero, le dexo en la Corte
de Madrid, y fe partib fin defpedir-
fe para Valencia y Barcelona, donde
fe Y^zo ima cadena de oro de foo T)u-

cados que el Secretario del Rey

Idiaques le pre fent b de la parte de fu
Mageftad; y pocos dies defpues, lle^o
a la Corte de Madrid el Secretario E-
fievan de Ibarra con quien Ogleby avia.
tratado mticho en Flandes, y mirando
defpues lo que avia proptieftoy trata.-
do con lu Mageftad, hallb que era mui
dif^erente de lo que avia tratado con
el en Flandes ; porque dixo Eftevan de
Ibarra, que Ogleby le confejfo, que
el iva y era embiado por el Rey de E-
fcocia, y por algunos herejes y politicos
para x&holver humores de algunos, y
hazerlos amigos del Rey de Efcocia
contra el Rey de EfpaHa,y que el avia
conferido con I^agetto y Giffordo, y o-
tros Inglefes de aquella liga, perb que

el

Purfuant hereunto, Ogleby the Agent
was dilpatch'd, and a Tortugiiefe Gen-
tleman was appointed at Madrid to go
with him into Scotland, according as
he himfelf had deflr'd ; but afterwards
the Agent chang'd his Mind, and after
having accepted of the faid Companion,
he left him at the Court oi Madrid,
and went away without taking leave, to
Valencia and Barcelona, where he put
on a Gold Chain of 500 Ducats, which

the King's Secretary Idiaques had

prefented him in his Majefty's Name ;
and within a few Days after, arriv'd at
the Court of Madrid, the Secretary
Stephen de Ibarra, with whom Ogleby
had tranfaBed much in Flanders, and
then oblerving what he had propofed
and treated with his Majefly, he found
it was of a very different llrain from
what he had treated with him about in
Flanders; for Stephen de Ibarra laid,
that Ogleby had confefs'd to him, that
he went and was fent by the King of
Scotland, and by fome Hereticks and
Politicians to rouie up ibme People's
Spleen, and make them Friends to the
King, of Scotland againft the King of

Spain ;

Book I. Mr. Ogljlrys Negotiation in Spain.

el fnhla que todo era parcialidad y
pajjion, y que cL Rcy de Efcocia era
bcrcjc^ y por fcr efte ylgente Catholi-
co trataria los iiegoclos al revez de
lo que los herejes y politico^ preteti-
dian, y con cjlo rccib'io promejfa del
die bo Secret ario de looo 'Ducados de
entretenimleuto- por cada mes, y con
cjio fue a It alt a-, y entendiendo dej-
pties el dicho Secretario que efie hom-
hre avia negociado lo contrario de lo
que avia p}romctido, pidih que por fa
defcargo fe detuvieffe bafta averigu-
ar las cofas., y aft fe detiene oy dia
en Barcelona-) aunque con mui buen
tratamiento, haft a que fe fipa^ fi el
Rey de Efcocia le embih., o le dio tal
Comiffion o carta de Creencia, y efto es
todo lo que bafta aora ha pajfado en
efte negocio.

En Madrid i deDeciembre, \')^'S.

J5

Spain ; and that he hid confcrr'd with Jin. I5'96.
'^Paget'XwdiGiff'ord-, liwd oihcx EngHflj- ^ '

men of that Herd ; and that he knew
it was all Partiality and PafTion, and
that the King of Scotland was an He-
rctick, and that thi? Agent being a Ca-
tholick, he would manage Affairs the
contrary way from what the Hereticks
and Politicians aim'd at ; and hereupon
he had a P^omifc made him by the faid
Secretary of looo Ducats Penfion per
Month, and ^o he went away to Italy,
and the (aid Secretary being afterwards
inform'd that this Man had negotiated
fb contrary to what he had promis'd,
he defir'd, that for his own Vindicati-
on, he might be ftopp'd till matters
were enquir'd into, and accordingly he
is at this time detain'd at Barcelona.,
but with very good Ufage, till it can
be known whether the King of Scot-
land fent him, or ga^'e him any iuch
CommifTion, or Credentials, and this
is all that has been hitherto done in
this Affair.

Madrid, 'December i.i$96.

16'
An. 15-99.

A

COLLECTION

O F

STATE PAPERS, ^c.

BOOK II.

Sir Henry Nevillo" Negotiation in France,

Anno 15^^.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

i^ti' ^n7 15-99.

Send you a Letter for Monjieur Villerqy, which yt may pleafe you to
caufe to be dehvered him : I fend you alio a Letter to Mr. Edmonds,
which is to geve him notice, that the Queen will have him Hay one
monethe after your Arrival. I would be glad he might know yt be-
fore your coming, becaule he may provide accordingly. Yf you do fend any
body before you, Sir, I pray you, let that Letter be fent him. The other Let-
ter to Monjieur Villeroy, may be delivered to any of your Men, when you come
yourfelfe, for that only concerneth you. And thus hoping to fend you the
Queen's Letter to Night or to Morrow, I commit you to God. From the Court,

Tour loving Kinfrnan and Friend
« RO. CECYLL.

Str Henry Neville ^(5 Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honourable.) 'Trover, x6*^;v7 15-99.

Receaved at my coming to 'Dover-, a Letter frdm my Steward, who is at-

tending me at T>ei^e., dated two days fince ; wherein he writes, that Mon-

Jiejir de Cuchon., Lieutenant Gouvernor of IDeipet hath receaved advertifTemenr,
that all French Ships are ftaied in Spain., with an intent, (as ys pretended) to
ufe them in the Fleet, which that King is liow preparing againft the Navy of the
States. The Leiutenant rode prefently with the Nevves to Fefcampe-, where
the Governor lyeth ficke; and from thence to the Court, to advertife the King;
the Matter being there generally very evil interpreted. I receaved heere alfo a

Letter

Book II. &V' Henry NevillV, (jC. 17

Letter from Mr. Edmonds, dated the 20^' of Aprill, (but what StiJc I know not) ji^. 15-90.
that the Kins^ was to remoovc to Blois within 10 or iz Daycs, and after fome
few Daycs Itay there, to paflc forthwith to Mol'im in Bourbonnois t, with
pretence to go to the Bathes to Tognes, but indeed with a purpofe to take fbme
order about the * Marqnijat of Salluces ; and to reccave lorn Newes from Flo-
rente, towchuig this Mariadge with that "Dukes Ncecc. I feare heereby, I fhall
not arrive at Tans, or Blois, before his Departure ; and therefore I humbly pray
your Honor's Diredions, what I fliall doe yf I fynde him gon. I am heere at-
tending the Wind, which is yet dircd:ly contrarie ; as (bone as yt turnes I will
loofe no opportunity. And Ibe for this tyme, I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor s very humbly to be comrnanded

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Str Henry Neville.

SIR, a6th A^rill 15-99.

I Send you the Queen s Letter, and a Copy, lead her Charadlers fliould not
be fo plainly read ; you fliall do well to let Monjieur Villeroy have yt, for
yt is not lb kind a Style, as I would be forye (foeing in former tymes her
Majefties Inck hath bene mixed with Gall, that now there is Hony put into this,)
it fliould not be underftood, by Default of not reading: Let the Secretary there-
fore, have yt before hand. We have receaved Newes that the Earl of Ejfex is
well arrived ; and here all things are as they were, faving this, that the Earle of
Sujfex, the Lord Cobham, and Lord Scroope, are chofen Knights of the Garter.
I fynd the Queene will lyke yt well, yf you do procure the King accidentally,
to fend hither to be \Inftalled. Your Company I am fure is merry yf you be
together, and fo I wiflie you ever ; but Mr. JVilliam Killegrew might be here
the Queen fayeth, as well as taking his Pleafure. From the Court.

Tour loving Kinfman and Friend^

RO. CECYLL.

* The Duke of .<;<^^■oy made himfelf Matter of the Marquifat of Saluces in the Year 1588, during the
famous Ailembly at Blois, in which the Duke of Guife was murthered. Henry the ^^'^ Death happening
foon after, the King's Affairs were too much imbroyled at his firft coming to the Crown, to attend to this
Ufurpation. However, this Matter came to be ferioufly conlidered at the Treaty of Vervins in the Year
XJ98. But the Duke of Savoy peremptorily refufing to deliver it up, it was (atter much conteftation)
agreed on both Sides, that the whole Affair Irtiould be referred to the Pope, {Clement the 8^'^) who fliouId
within one Year determine the Right, and in whofe Sentence both Parties (hould acquiefce. Memoires du
Bentivoglio, Vol. I. ch.^. f.i^t. D'Avila, lib. l^.

The French King's Claim to the Marquifat, is fet down fo clearly by Cardinal D'ojfat, that I beg leave
to give it the Reader in his own Words.

Le Marquifat de Saluces de touts Anciennete etoit Fief de Daufine, (^• les Marquis en prenoient invefliture
des Daufins de Viennois, v teur en faifoient hommage, cr ferment de fdelite: Auquel droit avoient fuccede les
Rots de France : lorfqus le Daufine leurfut acquis. Et partant etant depuis faillie la ligne des Marquis de Sa-
luces, ledit Marquifat, par la lot commune a tons Fiefs, feroit de lui-mhne retourne aux Rots de France,
comme Daufins de Viennois, quand il n'y auroit eu autre aquifition precedenle. Mais au commencement des
guerres de Piemont, regnant le Rot Francois r er e« I'annee 153; ou 36, Le Marquis d'alors apelli Francois
qui efioit Vajfal de la Couronne, comme dit eft ; CT qui encore commandoit a une armee que le Roy payoit, s'en
alia proditoirement fervir Charle- quint contra la France, atiec ladite armee foldoyee par le Roy, & endommagea
infiniment les afairs du Royaume er de S. M. qui pour cete infigne felonie e? trahifon fe faifit dudit Marquifat,
comme retourne a. luy par les droits O' coutumes des Fiefs, o' ne fe laijfa onques depuis. Outre les fufdits
deux titres, les freres puifnez. dudit Marquis Franpis, (who was killed at the Siege of Carmagnole in 1537)
qui nont point laifse d' enfans, ont fait ceffton V tranfport a nos Rois, en tant que befoin feroit, de tout les
droits quits pouvoient avoir c? pretendre audit Marquifat. Lettres d'Offat, VoLl, 3x0, 311. Vol.lll, 318,
3^9. 330- 5c les Memoires du Cardinal Bentivoglio, Vol.1, p. 278, ere.

t The King was invefled with this Order, in the Year 1596. r<(<. Cambden, p. 59 j.

F Sir

i8

An. i5'99-

&> Henry Nevill'j BookIL

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll. ^

SIR, Dover, ly^^r// 15-99.

I Wrote unto you yeflernight by the ordinary Poft, of the Advertizements I
had received from "Diepe, towching the Arreil of the Frenche Ships mSpaine;
and hkcwife what I had underftood from Mr. Edmonds, of the King's remove to
Blots, and from thence to Molins; wherein I hope I Ihall receave your Honours
Diredion for my Stay till his Returne, or following, before I go hence; feeing
the Wind is yet fo contrary, and the Weather fo fowle, as we cannot put to Sea.
This Morning I receaved your Honors Letter, with her Majefttes inclofed to the
Frenche King; whereof I am exceeding glad, and do rnofl humbly kiife her
Royal Hands for the great Honnour ihe hath therin don unto me, which I pray
God to geve me Grace to deferve, and to do her Service, which may be anfwer-
able to her Highnefs's Expectation, and myne owne Duty. I will endeavour in
fuch fort as your Honor prefcribes, to procure that the King lliall lend over fome
Perfonnage of Quality to be Inftalled for him, and therein yt may pleafe your
Honor, to let me know, what Perfon will be moft gratefull to her Majejiie ;
for yt is very hkely, that in the choife of the Peribn, they will chiefly regard
her Majejifs contentation. I fear yf this Jorney of the King's hold, yt will
geve him occafion to put off all Refolution (yf not all Cogitation) of payment
of his Debt to her Majeftie, till his Returne. Yf yt ihould be my good hap to
fynd him about Taris or at Blois, and to have Audience before his going ; I de-
fyre to know her Majeftyes Pleafure, whether I fhall not even uppon my fyrfl "^
accefs moove hym in that matter ; and alio, whether having had Audience be-
fore his going, I fliall need to follow, or not : For yf y t myght {land with her
Majefties good liking, and be no prejudice to her Service, I would gladly fettle
my felfe and my familie, before I undertake fo long a Voiage ; and fo hoping of
Tour Honors Ipedy diredion in thefe points, I humbly take my leave.

^' Tour Honors, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.-

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll.

Right Honourable, 1)ie^e, s^ May iS99- O. S.

YT may plcajfe your Honor to underftand, that I arryved in this Towne the
fecond of May, having continued almoft 3 Dayes upon the Sea. I found
the Gouvernor, and his Leiutenant, both abfent; but have receaved great Cur-
tefies of the Scrgent Major of the Towne, called Monjieur Favet, by the Com-
maundment, as he told me, of the Gouvernor. Touching the Arreft of the
Frenche Shipps, whereof I wrote unto your Honor from 'Dover, I learne heere,
thatyt is of all Ships, (above a hundred) and that he offers them very good En-
tertainement. Among the reft, there is one Shipp ftaied, belonging to the Gou-
vernor of this Towne, the Captaine whereof hath written hither, that the Fleet
which that King prepares, confifteth of fome 38 great Shipps, and fo Gallies.

Touching this King's Voiage, I underftand for certaine, that yt holdes not on-
ly to the Bathes befides Molins, but to Lions, and from thence (as he yet pur-
p.ofeth) to Marfeilles. This place affords no other News at this tyme, that I
dare wryte to your Honor; yet fome bruits I heare, that the Duke of Savoy e,
fortifieth his Frontiers towards France ; which lliould argue no great intention,
■to fatisfie the /li;/^ for the Marquifat; but of that I iliall certifie your Honor
more from Taris. I purpofe to go hence to morrow to Roiien, where I expedt
anfwere, by a MefTenger I fent Poft of purpofe to Mr. Edmonds, of the certain-
tie

Book I r. Negotiation 171 France. i^

ric and fJKcde of the King's rcraoovc. That little tymc I rcmaine there, I mcane An. 15-99.
to iinploy, in learning as much as 1 canne by our Englijh Merchants:, of the Na-
ture and Valew of thofc Cuftomes, which are by tHc * Contract, to be affigned
to her Majcjtie, for her remhonrfement. I hope e're I arry ve at Taris, I Ihall
rcceave anfwcrc from your Honor, of both the Letters I wrote from "Dover:,
and i'o, '^c.

Tour Honors, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE,

Air. Secretar'y Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

My good Co fin, i ft i^^ 15-99.

I Have acquainted her Majertie with the Subftance of both your Letters, wher-
by I fynd her Majeftie thus diipofed to dired: you; when you come to !P«-
ris, yfthe King be gon to Blois, and lo reiolved of his Jorney further; in ref-
pe6t that the Matter wherin you iliould do her moft Service, will require Expe-
dition ; her Pleafure is, that for a beginning, you repaire unto him with as muche
ilpeede as you canne; and to requeft him, yf hegoe further, to be pleafed to af-
fign you over to fuch of his Mtnijiers as may have CommiJJlon to proceed with
you. This Jorney to Blois, her Majeflie would have you to take, as well to
lave the following him further, as to prevent the lofle of Tyme to beginne the
Matter. And yf you fynde him at Blois, then you may returne to Tarls, or
where he'lliall appoint his CommifTioners to joyne with you. Herein her Maje-
flie wiflieth me to note unto you this one obfervation, that whatlbever you fpend
needlefly after xh' Engli/h Fafliion, the Frenche will laughe you to fcorne for yt,
and flie will never thanck you ; for there never came Frenche Embaffddor hi-
ther, but lerved theire Mailer as well with Frugalttie, as any of hers have ferved
her with Trodigalitie.

There remaineth now, that I acquainte you what her Majefty willeth you to
delyver, both to the King, and Monfieur de Villeroy: Firft, that notwithftand-
ing all fuch advertiflements as were brought from Spa'tne into France, wherein
affeurance was geeven that there was no preparation for any AEfion of Offence;
in which refped her Majeftie was contented to Licenfe the carry inge of Corne;
and where (out of her rejpe£i to the Frenche King) ^Proclamation is made, that
no Shippe carryinge a French Flag, fliould be molefled : Firft, it is mofl evident
that the Preparations are greate and fiifpicious:, for althoughe we know, that
in regard of the Hollanders Fleete, which will lye upon theire Coafle, they are
dryven to make Levies and Mujiers in Spaine, and happelye to provide a Fleet
to encounter them ; yet I cannot comprehend yt, why the King's Shipps and
Provifion, made in the Sowth Parts of Spaine, iliould come to the Groyne ; for
there is no greate thing to be had by the Flemings:, neyther fee I why the Gal-
lies fliould come fo far downe, whereof there is mention made, that they are dai-
lie looked for in that Haven.

Secondly, you fliall make it knowen, that at this day the Frenche have carri-
ed him an infinite deale of Corne, and becaufe by our Troclamation they may
not be fearched for any thing, they may cary what they lift ; and the King did
always promife that he would not luffer Corne yt felf to be carried, yf any Ar-
my were making. In this confideration, her Majeftie requyreth you, expreffly
to defyre the King to take good Order that his Subjeds be brideled ; for eeven

* The Reader may find the Treaty at large in Rytner's Fcedera, Voi i 6. p. loi. by which it is agreed ;
■—&iiefa Majejle cs'' fes commis receuront c cueilUront tout le pritjpt de lontes fortes lie Tailks, Taxes,

Ciiftiimes cy Droits, qui pourront re:</Jir dti dedans V des Environs de la Ville de Rouen, CT" dii Havre de Grace
far les noms des Impofitions C Domaine foraine, c/ les Gabclles dss fsts, c' par les lioms des qiiatne/mes des
t'ins, OH attlcuns auires chofes, oud'antres impofttions pour I' entree dss Marchandifes, &c.

out

20 &'r Henry NevillV Book II.

An. \')99- '^^'^ °^ ^^^ Spanijhe Torts themfelves, we are certainely advertized and know,
that they could not make th' Army, without helpe of the Frenche. And fo, '^c.

Tour loving Co fen and Friend,

RO. CECYLL.

When you make your t)ifpatches hyther, yf any thing be fit for me to know^
which you would not have the ^leene fee, you may write a private Letter, for
flie muft fee the Difpatches.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable y y^w, 15* il%y 15-99, O. S.

YT may pleafe you to let her mofl Excellent Majeflie underftand, I arrived at
Taris the 8* of May, and fynding the King then in Towne, (tho' in le-
cret manner at Zamefs, Houfe,) I fignified my arrival unto him by Mr. Edmonds.,
and prayed Audience, as foone as yt might ftand with his good Pleaflire. He
appointed me to come to Moret, a Towne Ibme tow Leagues from Fountain-
bleau, upon the Satrerday after, and promifed to give me Accejfe uppon the
Sunday. Accordingly I repayred to Moret, where I found the Spanilh Ambaf^
lador John Ba^tijia Taxis, * the Pope's Nuncio the Bilhop of Modena, and the
AmbafTador of Savoy le Chevalier Breton, already lodged all very neare one
another, and to my Lodgings. The next Morning, the King lent Monjieur
Gondi, and Monjieur Liijfan, Gouvernor of Blaye uppon the River of Bour-
deaux, and Captaine of the Scottijh Guard, to Moret, to condud: me to Foun-
tainbleau; where I had a Chamber appointed for me to retyre into, and a
great dynner prepared for me and the Gentlemen that attended me. After din-
ner, the Duke o^ Biron was fent to bring me to the King, who by the way ufed
very many Complements unto me, and proteftations of his dutiful Affedion to
her Majeflie, which I was bold to anfwere with fom Complements of her Maje-
ities Commendations unto him, andof her good Acceptation of his good Affed:i-
on towards her, and courtefie and good offices he had done to her Minifters here,
and to divers others of her Subjects, that had come into thefe Parts.

I found the King in his Gallery, who uppon my approche unto him, advanced
himfelfe tow or three Paces to receave and embrace me ; and told me, / was very
welcome, and that he had advanced himfelfto embrace me, but to the Spanijh
Ambajfador he had not Jlyrred one foote, which indeed I learned to be trevv. I
delivered him her Majeflies Letters with all due Complements; and after fom
Qiieflions on his Parte of her Majeflies good Healthe, I told him, " That the
" (^leen my Miflrefs being very willing to continue the good Amitie, that had
" beene fo long fence begon and entertained betvvene them, and knowing that
" nothing could be more availeable thereunto, than a good and reall intelligence
" between them, had fent me to refyde about his Perlon as her Ordinarie Am-
" bajfador, and had geeven me charge to do him all Honor and Service, that
" was fit for a Minifler of a Princefs that was his trew and perfed: Freind, as
" file had many wayes declared by lively and efifeduall Demonflrations. That
" file had for that purpofe commaunded me to diredt my whole intention to that
" End, to fortifie this good AUiance and Union that is now betwene them,
*' which I prayed him to be allured that I would not faile to performe to the
" uttermofl of my Abillitie, knowing that I could doe nothing more acceptable
" to her Majeflie, or more agreeable to her Commaundment.

* Gafpar SiUngardi, a Native of Moder.a, recommended to that Nunciature by the Pope, and juft then
arriy'd at />ar/j upon the Afiajr of the Marquifat. Vii. Litres d' OJJ'at, Vol. 3. p.311. Eiii.uimjl'.iii^.

" The

Book II. Negotiation in France. 21

TIic King aiifwcrcd, " that he took in very kynd parte, her Majcftic; cood An. 15-99.
" Dilpofition in the Continuance of the Amitie, wherin he would never failc to
" concurrc with her in dclyrc and earned Affcdtion. That he had reccavcd (b
" many rcall Tokens of her Alajcfties favourable Intention towards him, as he
" could not, nor would not forget. That indeed good Miniftcrs were meet to
" be imployed betvvcne Princes, and might be of great moment, to the further-
" anceor hinderancc of thcire Maftcr's entent: That he had had from her Ma-
" jeftie divers Men imployed to him, with whomc he had treated with good Sa-
" tisludion ; but agayne he had fownd ibme foe incompatible, and of lb ftraunge
" a Nature, as he could not with any Contentment converlc with them. That
" he promifed himfclfe all good of me, both from the AfTurance he had receaved
" thereof by her Majefties Letters, and for the good Report he had hard other-
" wile : And that I might likewilc be aflurcd, that he would ufe me with all Ho-
•' nor and Curtefie, as an acceptable Miniftcr of a PrincelTe fo dear unto him.
" I gave him thanks for his good Conceit, and olTcr of favorable Ufage ; and for
" my cariage in my Charge, prayed him to alTure himiclfe, that I had receaved
" therein lb llreight Commaundment from her Majcftie, as I durft not, nor had
" in any wife Will to difbbcy her".

Then I dcfcendcd to the firil Point of my InJlruBion^ conteining a Congratu-
lation of her Majefties, for his Prefervation from * the Attempts which had bene
againft his Terfon, which I delivered in fuch fort, as I am therin direded ; ara-
plyfying as muche as I could, her Majellies Care of his Safccie, and miniftring
what jealoufic I might with congruitie, of them that had bene difcovered to be
the Authorsy and per/waders of liiche pra6lizes. The King anfwered only,
" that Her Majeftie and He had great Caufe to praife God for theire Prefervation
" from fo many wicked Pradtizes againft their Lyves, and that he trufted that
" God would continue to be merciful! to them bothe, that they might lyve, and
" fee as they had done, the Confufion of fuch as entended Mifcnief to them;
" which he wiflied with as great Affection to the Queene, as to himfelfe, to
" whom yf llie were a Man he would call himfelfe a perfedl Frend, but being
" as flie is, Je me d'lray fin Serviteur''\ I faid I praied God to continew the
extraordinary Favour he had Ihewed td bothe theire Majefties, for the Happi-
neis of the greateft Parte of Chriftendome, which had intereft in their Preferva-
tions.

And fo I proceeded to the fecond point of my InfiniEiions, towching the E-
dl£i\; wherein I faied, " that her Majeftie was very glad to heare that he had fo
" well provyded for the Quiet of his Kingdom, and geven fo good Contentment
" to his faythefull Subje(5ts of the Reformed Religion ^ by the Edi^ which he
" had lately pub lljhed ; wherein I faid, that her Majeftie did acknowledge his
" great Wiidome in difcovering the Errours of his PredecefTours, who by a con-
' ' trary Cotirfe, whereunto they were ledde by Evill Counfaillers, had well nighe
" overthrowne theire Eftate; and that flie was very gladde (feing God had ^o
" ordained yt for his greater good) that he had :j: found fome Difficultie and
" Oppofition in the paffmg of yt, that fo his faidSubjeds oi the Religion rai^t
" now receave and acknowledge yt wholly from himfelfe, and render him that
" entierLove, Obedience, and Obligation, that fo great a Favor deferved;" ad-
ding farther, as in the fame Article I am inftruded. The King's Anfwere was,
" That noe Man could better difcover the Errours of his PredecefTours Counfaile

* 'Tis probible the Ambaffador had chiefly in Viea' the Attempt of ^ohn Chajlell, which Fad is related
at large by all the F/ench Hiftorians. And akho' it was committed fome Years before, {viz.. in December
1594.) yec the Refioration of the Jefuits, (who were b^niflied on that Account) being at this time ftrongly
laboured by the Pope, and feconded by Cardinal D'ojfai and Monfienr Vllieroy, the Queen thought there
was no Way fo likely to prevent their Defigns from taking EfFsft, as by reminding him of the Dangers he
had efcaped from that Society.

t This was the famous. Edi<ft of Nantes, which was paffed a few Months before.

'I The Reader may find a large Account of the Difficulties the Kmg met withal in this Affair, if he
confults Serres's Hiflory of France, pag. 887, vc Memoires de Sully, Vol, i, cb.89. And Benoifl'i Hiftory
ofthisEdia, Vol. i.

G in

22

Sir Henry Nevill*^"

Book II

Jn. i5'99- " ill that point then himfelfe, for that yt was he againft whom they did'cheefly
-^ ' ' put it yn Execution : That he faw very well that to continue that Courfe, was
" but to put a Knife in his owne Bowells, and therefore he had refolved to pub-
" lifiie this Ediciy which he meant to fee obferved. That he had indeed fownd
" oppofition xwfome, which were willing to dwell uppon theire former Princi-
" pies ; but he had made yt knovven that he would be le Maifire, and that he
" thancked God he could rell how to make himfelfe to be obeyed." I commend-
ed his Wifdome and Conftancye therein, as the only aflured means of true Peace
- and Profperitie to his Kingdome.

And fo I paffed to the third point towching "Depredations ; ' ' wherein I told him
fyrft, what care her Majeftie had taken to give him Satisfadion, bothe for Pre-
vention of fuche Offences hereafter, and for the Puniiliment of thofe that
were pafl: In the former, by publifliing the | Troclamation which his owne
AmbalTador had been acquainted with ; in the latter, by granting an * extra-
ordinary CommlJJlon to certaine chofen Perfbns of Wifdome and Integritie, who
fliould freely and wholly attend that Buifnels. Secondly, I told him the
Qiieene did exped: that the like would be performed on his part, and that good
and fpeedy Juftice might be done to her Subjects, of fuch Wrongs as they had
fuilained by the i^r^'/zf^^ during the Trowbles ; which throughe delay or want
of Juftice, had bin made more heavie and burdenfome unto them fbmetimes,
(by reafon of theire exceffife Charges in following the Suites) then th' original!
lofle yt felf; which I faid her Majeftye imputed in great part to the Difficul-
ties and Iniquitie of that Time, hoping that now under his peaceable Gou-
vernement, that he would take order that they fliouId have RedrefTe, and fynd
a'l good Treatment and Favour, feeing he had found them often readie to facri-
fice themfelves to do him Service. Thyrdiy I fayd, her Majeftie did likewife
afture her felfe upon the Promife made by his AmbafTador, that this great liber-
ty wjiich he had graunted to his Subjects, to pafs unfearched and uncontrol-
led into S^ain^ or any other place, ihould not be converted by them to her
Prejudice, either by colouring the Spaniards, or other her Enemies Goods ;,
or by traufporting into Sj^ain., or any other of that King's Dominions, Arms,
Munitions, or any Inftruments or Materials for Warre, eyther by Land or Sea;
whereof I fayd fhe had geven me charge to make fpecial Injiance unto him,
that fome fpeedy Order might be taken for her Ajftirance, as a matter which
might be otherwife very prejudicial unto her Eftate, and might give her occa-
fioia to repent her of her former Refolution.

Fourthly, having receaved your Honors Letters of the fyrft of May , the
very fame Day I went to Moret, by a Meflenger which Sir Thomas Vaine fent
of purpofe ^ovci'Dover. I told him, as I was thereby direded, " that herMaje-
" ilie when fhe affented to make the aforefaid Proclamation, and thereby to give
" free Paflage to all Ships bearing i^r^/i^^rAt" Flaggs, did forefee that yt m^ht be
*' very prejudicial unto her, for that th'enimies might by that means be fumcient-
" ly furnifhed with Corne and Vidruall whereof they flood in want ; yet upon
*' the confidence of his Afifediion and true Friendfliip towards her, and uppon a
" Promife made by his AmbafTador in his Name, that in Tymes of Sufpicion,
*' when that King might be thought to entend or prepare any Hoftilitie againft
" her Majeftie, he would be pleafed to take order to reftraine the Cariage of
" Corne by his Subjeds into Spaine, her Majeftie had bin contented to pafle
" over all Difficulties, and to refolve to graunt that Libertie: Now therefore
" that file is advertized, that the faid Kinge dothe make very great Preparations,
" with intent in all likelihood to employ them in thefe Parts, by reafon that he
" drawethe downe his Forces towards the Groyne and the North parts of Spain^
" (which otherwife he had no caufe to doe, yf he only intended Defence againft
" the States Attempts,) fhe had commanded me to make earnefte inftance unto

\ This Proclamation is printed at large in Kyfner'i Fcedera, Vol. i6. />. 3154.
* This CommiffioD is hliewife publilhed by M.x,,Rymer, Vol-.iC. f.^CS,

him

Book II. Negotiation in France* 23

" him, ro takc'fuchc order for the rcftraintc of the Caridge of any more Corne in- ^n. IS99-

*' to S/aif/e, (till the Dcfcign of chefe Preparations might more plaincly appear)

" as is agreeable with the conftant and pcrfed Amitie which he hathc profelTed

" to beare her, and his Promilc aforefaid made by his AmbafTidor, fo as ftie may

" reapc the Fruite of the Confidence and AHuirance which flic repofed in him.

" And that (lie had the rather commanded me to deale eatncfllie in this Point,

" becaufc fhe is pcrfedly cnformed out of thofe parts of Spaine, that without

" the great Supp'y of Corne, which they have already receaved out of France^

" they would never have bene able to have proceeded fo farre as they have done

•• in theire Preparations.

" The King anfwered to the fyrfl: and fecond, that he had underftood from
" his AmbafTador, her Majcflic's Willingncfs to have a mutual Reformation ia
" thofe Caufcs of 'Depredation^ which he was very glad of, and would be found
" as forward on his part to eftablifhe a good Courfe therein, as flie had bin.
" That he never had caufe to complaine of her Majeftie's Juftice, but had al-
" ways found her very inclinable to do Juftice, as a Princefs of great Honor, and
" the like Intention was always in him : But there might perhaps be fom Defed:
" in her Miniftets, who for theire own Profit, would peradventure not hold To
" flreight a Hand in thefe Canfes as was fit ; but he knew her Majeflie had noe
" Benefit by thefe Matters, and therefore he was the more earnefte to urge aRe-
" formation of the Abufes, whereby many, and thofe of the beft fort were pre-
*' judiced, (meaning, as I guefs, the Merchants;) and few, and thofe of the
" worft fort, benefited.'* To the /'/:;/W he anfwered nothing in particular, but
only faid non., non, non, whiles I was fpeaking, as yf he meant that he had noe
purpofe his Subjedts fiiould abufe her Majeftie's Favour and Freedome granted
them : But in that, and likewife in the fourthe, I will urge a more particular An-
fwere at my next Audience. " To t\\e fourthe he feemed wiUing, and faid,
" he would take a Pretext to doe ytuppon the Arreji which they had made in
" Spaine of Frenche Shipps, uppon which Point he told me, he had dealt the
*' Day before very rowndly with the Spanijh Ambajfador. He told me farther,
*' there had bene no very great quantiry' of Corne carried out of France thither,
" but rather as he thought by the Rafter lings. And for the Preparations in
*' Spaine^y he faid he was enformed that they were fuche, as were not likely to
" be ufed for Invafion of any of her Majeftie's Dominions, but only to with-
" ftand the States Attempts. But that yt was not amifTe for her Majeftie to
" taketheAllarme of yt, and not to be unfurniflied ; and that oftentymes fiiche
" falfe Alarmes were very profitable. He faid further, that the Drought in
" Spaine had bin fo great already this Year, as was like to breed an extreme
" want of Corne there this next Year, which he thought they would feeke to fup-
" ply by the Eafter lings.

" I told him, that her Majeftie intended not to give that libertie to any Nation,
*' as fhe did to his Subjedts, becaufe Ihe had not that Confidence in any, that ihe
" had in him; and that I dowbted not but ilie would have a vigilant Eye to
*' the iS'-^^'r/i^^ J- Proceedings. Hereupponhe tooke occafion to tell me of the
" T lac art fet out by the States-, which he complained of as a thing injurious to
" his Subjects; I faid, I thought it an effed: of great Neceffity, which had no
" Law; and more I forbore to fJDeake, becaufe I underftood by Mr. Edmonds •,
" that he was jealous that yt had bene done by her Majeftie's Privitie and Di-
" redtion.

After thefe Speeches he began to queftion with me about Irijhe Matters, and
asked me, " what Newes I had of my Lord of Ejfex; I told him I had only re-
" ceaved thus muche, that he was well arryved there, after fome difficukie in
" pafting the Sea, by reafon of foule Weather and contrary Winds. Then he
" faid he would tell me Newes of him, which he had receaved ; namely, that x
" or 3 of the principal Resells were come in, and had fubmitted themfelves
'* unto him." I was aihamed that he Ihould know more of thofe matters than I ;
but not to feeme to be ignorant, I anfwer'd, " There was a fecret Rumor anJ

" Expeda-

24 Sir Henry NevillV Book II.

^n. i5'Q9- " Expedation of fome fuche matter." Then he beganne to enquire of the Teace
\^-^ between her Majeflie and the King o£ S^aine, and asked me how neare yt was to
the Conclufion. " I to'd him his AmbafTador had bene made acquainted with all
" that pafTed in this matter; Oh, {aid the King, I think I know more than he
" dotheofyt. laiTuredhim, that at my coming away there was noe more pafl
" than had bene communicated both to his AmbafTador there, and to himfelfe,
" by Mr. Edmonds: Well, faid he, the other fyde tells me another Tale: I pro-
" tefted I knew noe more then I had faid, and yf there were any further Pro-
" ceedings, yt was fince my coming away, whereunto he replied not.

Thefe Interlocutory Speeches being pafl, I tooke occafion partly out of ray
Injiru^iions, and partly uppon fbm Injiance made unco me by fome of our Mer-
chants trading into thele Parts, to recommend unto him the Maintenance of the
free Trade and Entercourfe betwene thefe twoe Realmes, alleadging, " That
" thofe were the fiirejl and mo ft durable Fre'mdflolps, rsahich were founded not
* ' only upon the 'T^iffofitlon of the Trinces., but upon the Interefl of the Sub-
" je^s alfo; and therefore prayed him to take order the Entercourfe might be
" continued, in lliche ample forte as yt had bene in his PredecefTors Tymes, and
" and according to the Treaties of perpetuall Amitie pafTed between the twoe
" Crownes. He anfwered, that he would have me prelent a Memorial of thoit
" I required in that behalfe, and his Qounfell fhould confider of yt, and give me
" Satisfadion.

This is the Subitance of that which pafTed betwene the King and me at this
fyrfl Aiid'ience -, for as towching the matter of Scotland^ I vmderflood hylslx. Ed-
monds^ he hath already advertized your Honor^ that this King hath renewed th'
ancient Privileges graunted to that Nation, and confirmed Amitie with that King,
with omifnon of fuche Points conteyned in former Treaties, as had any refe-
rence to Emnitie with us : And to receave Confirmation on that King's part, he
determined to fend into Scotland Monfieur de Betunes Brother to Monfieur de
Rhofiii; therefore this Alteration being growen in the matter, I thought yt befl
not to deale in that point, till I vinderflood her Majeftie's further Pleafure.

Sence my coming to this Towne, the AmbafTador oi Venice hathe bene to vi-
fit me, and likewife the Agent of the States, who tells me he hathe Commiflion
from his Superiours, to communicate all his Negotiations with me, and to Re-
ceave my Advil e in them. I would gladly know her Majeftie's Pleafure how far
I fliall make my felfe Partaker of his Counfails or Adtions ; for I fee the States de-
lyre very much to draw fome Comttejtance from her Majeflie, in all theire Pro-
ceedings heere, and could be content to be thought to have very llreight Intelli-
gence with her, and to doe nothing without her Vrivitie.

The Treatie of Peace begoune by Cardinal Andreas hath geven the Alarme
not only to them, but to many other here ; and th' Agent told me, that Mon-
fieur de Villercy afTured him yt was concluded, and ftaied but the Archduke' s^t-
turn to be perfeded. The like he faythe he faw written from the Frenche Am-
bajfador in England to the Duke de Bouillon. I anf^vere all Men as my Inflru-
d:ions dired: me, yet I think 3^ not amifTe for her Majeftie's Aflayres, that this
King fliould be held in fome Jealoufie of yt.

This Daie likewife, the Bifliop of Glafcow Ambaflador of Scotland, fent to
complement ize with me, and to excufe him \v^^on\nsT>ebillitie, that he hath
not yet feene me. The PiincefTe oiOrenge hath likewife fent to vifitte me, and
would have come her felfe but that I went to the Courte; and to prevent her, I
purpofe to fee her to Morrow. I was willing to have delivered her Majeftie's
Letters to the Duke oi Bouillon, and Monfieur de Villeroy, when I ha.d Audience,
and fignified unto them bothe by Mx. Edmonds, that I was defyrous to have fome
privat Conference with them : But they bothe thoughte yt fit to be deferred till
my next Audience, which I am promifed upon Munday next, being theire TVhit^
fon-Munday. I was defyrous to have had y t fooner, but could not obtayne yt,
becaufe the King had determined to fpend this Week in Hunting, and in fome fe-
cret Walks to this Towne. Prefently after the Hollidays he purpofeth to goe to

Blots,

Book li. Negotiations in Prance. 25

Blois, but whether any further or nay is not yet ccrtainc; for by reafon of this Jn iS99
Concourlcof AinbafTadors, he ftaied his going to zhc Bathes till the Sealbn was
paft, and is how difluadcd by the Phifitiafis to ulc them this Ycarc. And for his
Jorncy to Lions-, yt was not without lom reference to the Affayrcs of the Mar-
qutfat-y where by the Mediation of the * Gencrall of the Cordeliers., fent of pur-
poJc by the 'Poj^e., and at the Injiance of the Duke of Savoy himfelfe, he hathe
bin contented to give hini z Moncths tyrae morf! to 2.dci\{Q.oi znAnfisoere. The
Duke defircd 6 Moneths, but he hathe ycalded but to two, yet with a purpofe,
as I am enformcd from a very good Hand, to enlarge it two more yf neecf be;
purpoflng to keepe the Duke oi Savoy in the meane tyme bothe inSufpens and
Charge, whiles he himfelfe may alio make his Provifions for the Warre, for the
which he is yet utterly unrfeady. Yet he lets not to fet a good face upon the
matter, and gives Commiflioiis to levie Companies to draw downe chat way; and
the Duke of Biron cold me he had already four Companies ready for chat Ser-
vice. But the truth is, there is noMony, nor any other Provifion in a readines.

I undcrftand that the King told the Spanijh Ambajfador-, that he hard fome
Bruits that his Mafier meant to aflift the Duke againft him in that Caufe. Yf
that y t were true he fayd, he was as ready to marche that Day as the next to
meet him, and that he woiild fend a Valet of his Chambef , to wiihe him that ey-
ther they might embrace as Frends, or meet in the Feild. The faid Ambaflador
hathe expoflulated with the King uppon three Points ; TIfoue of the Enrerprife
defleigned by Baligny fbme tyme Gouvernor of Cambray againft that ToM'ne ;
ihQ fecond., that this King hathe an Ambaffador withe the States., which he called
his Mafters Rebells :, zxAlaftly., that he liiiFer'd Monfieur ^f /<? iV(?i£', and many
others, to pafTe to theire Aid with good Troupes. The efTed: of all his Com-
playnts is only this, that the King hathe promifed to make a new ^Proclamation
uppon paine of Death , that no Man fhall goe to the Service of any Foraine
Prince or State, without his Leave.

I cannot yet learne by any meanes, of any Deffeign in this King to eredl a Na-
vie Royall, neyther cann I heare of any great Jncreafe of Shipping in all the
Coafte oi Normandy, althoughe I employed Ibme of purpofe that way to difcover
yt. True yt is they have bin fbmewhac buifier in trading fmce the Peace then
rhey were befdre, and that mufl: needs in tyme increafe theire Shipping. Ac my
next Audience I meane to deale with the King about her Majeitie's Mony , be-
caufe I am like to have no more before his Jorney, althoughe I have littell hope
of any great efled: for more than zoooo Crownes, which he hathe already aflign-
ed to be paied at tht Injiance oi'Mx. Edmonds, and that with great Difficultie. I
moved your Honor before my coming away about the f Treaty of Blois, whe-
ther you thought yt not fitt that the King fliould be urged to the Confirmation of
yt, being the moft beneficial! Treaty for England that hathe bin made at any
tyme. I beleech you let me underftand her Majeftie's Pleafure in yt, for I think
the King will be eafilie drawen to that, or any other reafonnable matter that fhall
be propofed, during the Sujpens of her Majeftie's Treaty with Spaine, and his
own with Savoy. And fo defy ring your Honor that I may heare often from you,
which will be bothe my Comfort and my Reputation heere, I mofl humbly take
my leeve, recommending your Honor to the fafe keeping and gracious Care of
the Almightie.

Tour Honors, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE,

* Memoires de Benti-uogllo, Vol. I. />. 153. Letres D'OJfat, Vol.^. p. 376.

t This Treaty was made between Queen Elizabeth and Charles IX. in the Year 1571 ; and (though not
publi(hed by Mr. Rymer) is printed at large in the Colleftion of Treaties, printed in Holland in four Vo=
fumeSj tolio.

H ^

2^ Sir Henry Nevill'^ BookIL

A pnvate Letter {of the fame Date) from i^if Henry Neville to

Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

S t Ry

BEfideS my Difpatch, which may perhaps be communicated to her Majeftie,
I thought good by this private Letter to your Honor, to fignifie what
pafled more betwene the King and me, then I have therein advertifed. Fyrfl, in
the matter oi'DeJ^redations, when he feemed ro lay the blame of lacke of Juftice
uppon our MiniJIers, he named dire<5tly our Admiraltle, complayning very bit-
terly againft them. Moreover after the Speeche he ufed of the Irijhe matters,
he asked me yf my Lord oi Effex and my * Lord Admir all were made Freends
before his Jorney. I anfwered, I knew of no other but frendly Difpofition be-
twene them, and yf there had bin any other at any tyme, yet at the tyme of his
Departure I knew they were in very kynd Termes. Then he asked me, whe-
ther jyo/i«r Honor and my Lord oi Ejfex did agree any better than you did. Thefe
Queftions were llrange to me, and I anfwered, that I knew of muche Kindnes
that had pafTed betwene your Honor and him, but never of any Unkindnes. He
layd, Tes.,yes\, and that he had hard much of yt. I told him, that in matters of
Advice and Counfail, you might perhaps have differed fometyme in Opinion,
which was ordinary in Princes Counfails, and I thought his Court was not free
from y t : No-y no., faid he, / have had the great eji faine in the World to con-
taine them, but I have made them know my Mind, that I will have them a-
gree, and I thinck that the befi courfe for the G^ieene your Mifires alfo. Then
he fell in Commendations of your Honor, with Words of very good Affedion,
and faid, he thought f your Jorney into France had done you noe hurt. I told
him, I had hard your Honor acknowledge the great Contentment and Honor
you had receaved here, and how readie you would be to acknowledge yt (refer-
ying your Dutie to her Majeftie) with any Service to him, with which he feem-
ed to be well plealed. :j: He told me alfo a Merriment, that he underftood that
the Archduke that Night he was married, was not able to confummat Matrimony
with the Infanta, which he had likewife related to the Generall of the Cordeli-
ers, who had anfwered that yt might well be, for he had hard the Archduke's
Confeffbr affirme, that he knew, when he was 3 7 Years old he had never towched
Woman. Thus praying Pardon of your Honor, yf whiles I thought to relate
you all that pafTed, I have troubled you with more then needed, I humbly take
my leave.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Chevalier Guicciardine, Agent from the Duke o£ Florence in this Court, f^I
foddainly dead of an Apoplexie uppon Satterday laft.

!■■■■ y^

I

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honourable, Taris, i^"^ May 1^99. O.S.

Receaved this Evening this Packet I fend herewith unto your Honor, from

_^ Eftienne le Sieur, with a Letter to my felfe, without Date of Place or

Time, wherein he requefted me to convey it to your Honor with Expedition.

Therefore not knowing what yt may import, I thought good to lend yt by this

* Charles Howard Earl of Nottingham.

t The Duke de Sully tells us, Secretary Cecyll was fent into France to break off the Treaty at Vervins.
Memoirs:, Vol.i. ch.-ji.
\ See Cardinal D'o/<i<'s Letters, Foi. 3./. 133. and Monfxeur ^we^cf's Note, N" 6.

exprefle

Book II. Ncgotiatio?! in France, 27

exprcfTc MclTcnger. I have not yen any material thing to advertize your Honor ^n. IS99-

more then I /Ignificd in my laft dilpatchc, only I pcrceavc yt generally bclccved

heere by Men of the beft Place, that the Preparations of Spaine are only for

Defence: But vvithall, the Proceedings of the State's Fleet, beginns to be dowbtcd

of: In which cafe yt is not amiffc to be thought of, whether that which was

fyrfl; intended for defence, may not be converted another way, when themfelves

are out of Fcarc.

The King's Marriadge with the Duke of Florence's Neece is muchc in fpcechc
here, howbcit, I learne from very good Hands, that the Duke of Florence hath
made but a cold Anfwere to Gondie's overture, who was ufed in yt; Namely,
" That the King did once before make the fame Morion, and Afterwards falling
" in liking with Madame Gabriclle, he left yt with her Dilgracc, having drawn
" forae Loan of Mony from the Duke upon that Pretence. That fmce, he hath
" entered into fom Treaty with the Emperor for the Match, and althoughe he
" be not farre engaged that way, but that he may retyre when he will; yet till
" he may be better afTured of tlie King's Conftancy, he fecth no rcaion to do
" yt". Hereupon they be at Ibme ftay, and know not what to build upon ;
which is likewiie the occafion that the King's Jorney is fo uncertain, only he re-
folves to go this next Weeke to Blois, and there to flay two Moncths, and there
to refolve to go further, eythcr as the Matter of the Marqulfa^:-, or the Pro-
ceeding of this Matche fliall guide him. In the meane tyme, not to be utterly
deftitute, he caufeth * Madamoifelle d' Entragues his new Favourite, and Villar's
Wife, his late Miftrefs's Siftei\ to follow this Progrels; and hath adigned to
the former foo Crownes a Moneth for her Charges. Upon Miinday next, I
am promifed a fecond Audience at Foimtainebleau^ whereupon I iliall be able to
advertife your Honour that iliall be more material. In the mean tyme, ^c.

Tottr Honors, Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Propofition faide a Meflieurs du Confeil dii Roy^ le zi"'" de

May, I J99. O. S.

/ A Royne ay ant a faire la guerre en Irelande a fes rebelles, qui cognoijfant
^ la. grandeur de leur faulte ; ^ ejiant fiuflenue far ks fnpports du Roy
d'Efpagne, fe fourront opniafirer a la defence, "^ par conjequent faire trainer
cefte guerre en longeur, qui ne pent eftre que de defpence incroyable a la diSfe
Tiame Royne, pur efre ce pais la defnue de viBuailles, ® toutes clxfes necef-
faires pour faire vivre uneYirm^e ; ^ pour eftre la diBe T)ame aufy contrainte
d' entretenir perpetuellement outre V armee de terre, une flotte de vaijfaux^
non feulement pour empefcher le fee ours que leur pourroit eftre envoyed'Aylleurs^
mais auffipoury apporter des vivres & autre s c ho fes re qui fes ; '^ ay ant outre
ce la diBe T>ame occaflon de fe munir ^ fortifier enfon Royaume, contre les def
feins ^ preparatifs du diet Roy-, qui font notoires a tout le monde, qui ne pent
eftre qiiavecq line charge M defpenfe extreme; elk seft neantmoijis refohte,
comme Trincejfe genereufe, qui a tousjours eu devant lesyeulx, l" honneur & la
confervation de fan Eftat de fe roidir a Vencontre de toutes les diffi"ultez qui
fe font prefentees en ceft affaire, & de j' evertuer courageufement a la defence,
ayant delibere, d'y employer tout ce que ^ieu luy_ a donne, des moyens ^ amis.^
Et encores que par le droi£i d'Amitie i§ de raifon , elle pent juftement & a

* Memolres de Sully, Vol. I. ch. 81. Memo'tres de Bafomfierre, Vol. i. p. 56.

28 - &> Henry Nevill'^ Book IL

An. 15-99. ^f^^ droi^ femondre fes amis ® allies, ^ fingulierement le Roy, de Iky rendre
ies mcfmes offices C^ effete d'amiti^, qiiil a tire d'elle en Jon be f bin ; fi eft ce,
qu'elle s'eft contentee, de ne hiy faire autre inftance pur fheure, fi non, qu'il
luy plai/e de laccommoder de quelque fommes de deniers, qu'elle luy a prefte,
oil bien emp lot e four fon fecours^ ferviccj dkrant Ies troubles de fonRoyaume.
Ce qu'eftant fi jufte & ra(/dnnable, & le moindre de tontes Ies faveurs qu'elle
pent attcndre dn Roy fon bon Frere kS AUie ; elle cfpere, qu'il J?rendra I' affaire
a coeur ; ^ advifera promtement & ferieufiement aux Moyens de luy en donner
contentement ^ fatisfaBion. Et encore que le Roy ne faifant que fiortir des
troubles, & riayant que bien pu goufte des eff'eBs de la paix, ptijfe fretejidre,
qu'il Jia fas encor le moien de luy domter enticre fztis fusion ; toutes fois la
Royne a cefte ferine opinion ^ affenrance de fa bonne volonte, qu'il aura efigard
a I'eftat de fes affaires , ^ ne fe fervira fas de ces excufes en fon endroiSi ;
efiant touts] ours flus raifonnable, que le di£f Seigneur Roy sefforce encores
qtC avecq quelqtte difficult e, ^ far nioiens extraordinaires, de rendre a la di£le
'Dame cefi argent dont elle Va accommode.

Et ay ant la diSte "Dame Royne re feu fromeffe du Roy far fon Ambaffadeur
refident aupres d'elle, qu'en temfsfitfpeii, qiiand le Roy d' Effagne feroit dei
frefaratifs de guerre far mer, qtiil donner oit ordre que fies fiibjeEfs ne portaf-
fent du bled, ou autre grain en Effagne, dont ce Roy la fe fottrroit fervir four
t avittuallement de fa Flotte, ^ ayant fort fraifchement eu advertiffement,
des grands frefaratifs que fe font a frefent de ce cofte la, ^ que foiir eftre
frefts de faire voile, ilz n'attendent que le bled qui leur doibt efire fourni de
France; elle frie fourtant le Roy fon bon Frere, d'y donner t el ordre, qiiefera
conforme a fa diEie fromeffe, ^ a la vraie & ferfaiSt amitie qu'elle s'efi touts-
Jours fromife de luy.

Et comme ladi5ie Dame, fur /' affeurance auffi de la bonne "volonte', @ amitie
duRoy, ^d f inftance de fon Ambaffadeur^ a efte content e d'oSiroyer libre faffage
en Effagne a touts navires Francois, ^ a faiB defendre fur griefues feines a
fes fiibjeStz de Ies arrefter, rechercher, ou autrement incommoder, fir quelque
fretexte que ce foit ; le tout fur le fromeffe du Roy, faille far fon Ambaffadeur,
qu'il Tie fermettroit fas que fes fubjeBz, en abiifaffent au frejudice de la diSie
Dame, ou en freftant le 710ms fauffement aux biens & Marchandifes de fes
Ennemis, ou en leur fotirniffant far voie des Marchandifes ou autrement,
des armes, munitions, © autre s materiaux de guerre, far mer, ou far
terre. LadiEie Dame foiirtant cognoiffant bien I' imfortance de cefte affaire a
la confervation de fon eft at, a troiive bon, de frier le Roy fon bon frere, de y
fromftementfourvoir, en telle forte qu'il luy femblera frofre, four le bien de
fes affaires ; ^ mefme, qu'il luy flaife de luy faire entendre par quel moien
il a de liber e d'y pouvoir ; a fin, que comme ilz font d' accord de la maniere &
Jubftance, ilz fe fuiffent auffi accorder de la forme, & du moien d'y farvenzr.

Ladi£ie Dame eft ant auffi advertiS, qu'tm fien fubJeB, nomme * Collcsfoid,
qui a autrefois demeure a Anvers, ^ seft totalement employe aux pratique ^
menees fernicieufes centre fon eft at, s'eft venu depuis n'agueres rendre a Calais,
pour avecq plus de commodite vacquer a la pourfuitte de fes mauvais de (feigns ;
trouve ban., de faire Inftance au Roy, felon Ies anciens trai^es de perpetuelle
alliance entre ces deux Couronnes, de donner commandement, qu'fl vuide
promt ement de la dicie Ville de Calais, ^ autres places de fon obeifance.

* The Reader may find a further account of this Man and his Employment, in a Letter of Cardinal
d' Ojjkt's to Monfieut Vilkrtyf Vol. j. p. 71.

Memoire

Book II.

Negotiation in France.

Mcmoirc des fommes de deniers que la Reync d' Angleterre a pre-
ftcz ou defbouiTcz pour le * Roy Trcschrcitien.

An. 15-87.

1589 70.
Sept.
1589.

1590.

15-90, 19°
Novemb.

15-90, 25-
Sepr.
15-91.

1591.

1596.

D

Esbonrfc par les Mains du Seig-\
nietir Horace Tallavicmi pour Lai

levee de I'armee Allemande , co;/duiffe{Lih.Stcr\.
par le Baron d'Ty amiau, pour laquelk Scud. Franc,
fomme il y a obligation des AmbaJPa\
deurs du Roy dath a Franc fort. )

Treji^ Jiir /' obligation de Mcffieurs ? Lib. Srerl.
Beauvcir-, Buby-, ^ Buzenval. "^ Scud. Franc.

\Desbou?'fc pour la defpenfe & Tranf- ")
port des foldatz envoy cz au fecours d// Lib. Stcrl.
Jioy Jimbs la conduiSfe du Baron de /i^i/-^ Scud. Franc.
loughby. - )

Prefte en Van i5'90, pour la levee de ^
r armee Allemande fous la condtii5ie du( -^ ., .

Trtnce d' Anhalt fur /' obligation dey^^-^i^"^^-
Monfieur leViconte de Turene a cejibeure\ r^anc.

'Due de Bouillon. J

Prefte fur /' obligation de Mejfeursl ^ -, ^ \
de Beauvoir ^ d'lncarville, par /£-!>!: j^^"'
Maire de Londres. _ \ S^"^- ^ranc.

Trefte fur /' obligation de Monfienr deVUo. Sterl.
Beauvoir. ^ Scud. Franc.

Trefte fur V obligation de Mejfieurs de 1 Lib. Sterl.
Beauvoir & de Frefies. ( Scud. Franc.

Desbouyfe pour la defpenfe des Sol- 1 j -t c j
datz foubs Monfieur le Comte d'Efex ejt^ ^^^- "'^^''^•
Normandie.

"Desbourfe pour la defpenfe des foldatz
employees en Bretagne depuis le Alois
d Avril anno i^<^ii jufques au Mois du
Fevrier anno 15" 9 4.

"Desbourfe pour la defpenfe des Na-'^ j^-j ^ 1
vires employees par le Commandement ?■ ^ '1 r-
du Roy a Breft. j ' '

T>esbourfe pour la 'Defpenfe de xooo;Lib. Sterl.
Jbldatz en Picardie, pour 14 Mois. ^ Scud. Franc.

Scud. Franc.

Lib. Sterl.
Scud. Franc.

30468
1015-60

21350

71 165' 20 St,

6000
20000

1 0000
33333 2.0 St.

2100
7000

1 0000

3S333 2,oSl
ifZfo

^"^°° .. d.
60192 I 10

I00640

19035-0 1074
63 45-01 46 St.

I4173
47243 20 St.

4035-1 4
134505-

Summa

^Lib. Sterl. 401734 16 54
^ Scud. Franc. 1339116 20 St.

Str Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

SIR, Paris, 26 May 1599. O. S.

YT may pleafe you to let her Majeftie underftand, that upon Munday lafti
being the 21^ of this Moneth, I repayred to Fountainebleau, and hzdAe-
cefs unto the King, where I delivered at large unto him that which I comprifed

One principal Part of Sir Henry Nevill's Negotiation being to obtain Satisfadion for this Debt, I
thought it proper to print the State of the whole Debt, as I found it drawn up by Mr. Levinus Mmcke,
who was under Secretary to Sir Rob. Cecill.

I more

5 o Sir Henry N e v i l l j Book IL

Jfi. 15-99. n^or^ briefly in the Tropfition I prefented in wry ting, whereof I fend a Copy
here inclos'd. His Anlwere was ihort, (as his manner is) " That yt was great
" realon her Majeftie (liould be fatisfied of fuche Somnaes, as flie had lent or
" disbourfed for liim in his great NecefTities, and that he would be carefbll in yt
•' to the uttermoft of his Abillitie, and would lay open unto ine the bottom of
" his meanes, and make me judge of his dealing vvith her Majeftie therein" ;
But for that and the reft I had propoied, he prayed me to deliver a Memorial in
wry ting, and. his Counfail ^\ox!\A confider of yt, and geve me an anfwere. I
had the Memorialht'^dij ^ and delivered yt, together with a Note oftheSommes
of Money due to her Majeftie, by bond or account, which he prefently gave to
Monfieur de Vtlleroy, and then prayed me to fit downe by him that we might
talke : Thereupon he fell into Difcourfe with me of his Marriadge, wherein he
told me, " That he had divers propofed unto him, as namely, a Sifter of the
" King of 'Denmarke^ a Sifter of the Prince of Anhalfs., a Widow that had
" had Children, but a very goodly Woman, the Duke of Florence's Neece^
" (whom he feemed cheefly to commend) and fome in his owne Kingdome.
" He faid he was refolved to marrie, but he would fyrft feeke to feperate him-
" felfe from'her that was now his Wyfe, and * had already begon to treat with
" the Pope to that purpofe, from whom he hoped to receave anfwere Ihortly to
" his contentment: That done, he would thincke of another, and communicate
" his Intention to his good Sifter, and pray her Advife in yt". Upon this occa-
fion of Speeche of the Tofe, ' ' he told me how refpedlflii he found him towards
" him in all things, f that he had very well allowed of his late Edi5i, acknow-
" ledging that no Violence could force Men's Confciences and Beliefs, but they
" muft be wonne by teaching, and good Example. That he likewife intended to
" publifti 2. Bull oi Excommunication againft all fuche as ihould attempt, pro-
" cure, or favour, the murthering of him. That there was a quarrel grown be-
" twene the Tope^xx^ the Spanijhe King, about the G?®ye'. and Homage of the
*' Kingdom of Maples, which being not performed or tendred fince the Deathe
" of the late King, the Toj^e had fent to feafe uppon the Revenue of the King-
*' dom, and the Viceroy had imprifoned his Commiftaries; whereupon the To^e
•' had excommunicated him, with Threats that yf that King perfifted in thofe
" Courl'es, the Chnrche had a Champion which never failed her in her need,
" whole affiftance he would pray, and was fure he fliould find yt ready in the
" Churches quarrel, (meaning the King oi France.) I told the King the 7ope
*' was Tolitique, and to keepe the Spauifloe King in awe he vi'ould be contented
" to make fom good Shew and Demonftrations towards him ; but I thought the
*' Tope-, or at leaft the Conjijiorie, too much Spaniard, for the King to make
" any great Foundation of them. He faid, he thought he had as good Credit
" there, as the King of Spaine.

" He told me he underftood, that the Emperour was ficke unto Deathe, and
" that he had taken, as yt was fuppofed, a great Dilpit and Grief, :j: for that the
" Vaivode oiTranfilvania had fent home his Wife, who is the Qiieen oiSpaine's
,' Sifter, and had refign'd his Eftate to his Uncle, Cardinal Battorie, which the
" Emperour made account of He told me alfo, that he thought the Ele^ors
" would not eafily agree of a new Choice, becaufe the moft of them had no Af-
** fe(Stion to the Houfe of Aufiria. Hereupon, becaufe I would found his In-
*' tention, I faid they needed not feeke farre for a worthy Subjed; his Majeftie
" being fo near a Neighbour, and the 'Princes of Germany fo well affedled to
" the Houfe ai Fraunce. He anfvvered he had never ambitioufly brigued or
" -wooed for any thing, not for the Kingdom oi France yt felfe, when he knew
" the Pradifes and brigues that others made for yt, but had ever depended uppon

* Letres d'OJfat, Vol. 3. p.415. Edit. Amfterdam.

\ The King was delirous tlie Englifli Court fhould believe the Pope had a more favourable Opinion of
this Edift, than in Truth he had, of which I am perfwaded the Reader will be convinced, if he gives
himfelf the Trouble to read Cardinal d' O fat's Letter to the King of the 28^^ oi March 1599. Fa/. 3./. 3S0.

I Litres d'OjJat, Vol. 3. p. 447. Thuam Hijioria, I. 114.-

God's

Book I L Negotiation in France. 31

" God's Favor, and his Riglit: So in this, he intended not to fue, or woe for An. if??-
" yt ; but if yt plcefed God to put in theire Mynds to chooie him, he had no
" Reafon to rcfulc yt". This I thought good to advertile, as a thing not to
be neglcitcd; I fearc as they growe in grcatncls, they will growe in Inlbllen-
cie, and heglcd: of theire Frends.

He tolde mc further, of his Proceedings about the Marquifat of Salluces,
" * That at the Indancc of the Tope he had gccvcn two Monerhs more for the
•' dccyding of yt, bcfides the two Moneths graunted before, all which terme
" will expire in September next. That the Tope had aflurcd him he would in
" this tyme decide yt, a7id to his Ad'vavtage ; for which purpofe he faid he
*' would draw himfelfc towards Lions about a Moneth before the Terme would
" expu-c, to be in a Readinefs when yt was decided, eyther toreceave the Pol-
*' fefllon quietly, or to take yt by force, yf the Duke of Savoy were fo madd
" to Hand in yt. And in this meane tyme, he laid he had gotten this Advantage
'' by the Prorogation of the Terme, that the Duke of Savoy by continuing the
" Forces he had already gathered, (which yf he intended Refiftance he mud be
" forced to keepe together) would be confumed before the Warre beganne ;
" whereas he himfelfc need not be at any charge, but that which is ordinary to
" him ; for with drawing down that way 10 Companies, out of his Garrifons of
" Tkardie ^nd Burgundie, and the Regiments of his Cards which did always
*' attend him, and fome Light Horfe which he had geeven order Ihould be in a
" Readines, he fliould be able to pofTefs himfelfe of all that the Duke of Savoy
" had on this fyde the Alps^ Montmellan only excepted, which he woulde
" blocke, and then his Paflage to the Marquifat would be free. I faid yt
" was generally conceaved that the King of Spaine would afTifl the Duke,
" as not willing that this King ihould have fuche a footing and flepp into
*' Italie. He anfwered, that his AmbaiTador at Rome, Monfieur de Sillerie,
" charged the Spaniflje Ambajfador with yt, who anfwered, that untill the Tope
" had decided the Matter, the Right hanging in fufpens, his Mailer could not
" in honor but profefs to aflifl: his Brother-in-law in his Right ; but the Pope
" having decided yt with this King, he did afTeure him his Matter would not
" meintaine an evill Caufe". After he had Ipent an Houte or more privately
with me in thefe Difconrfes, he went with me himfelfe about his Houfe, and
Ihewed me his Buildings, willing me to come againe the next day to fee his Gar-
dens, and the reil of the Houle, whiles he was abroad a hunting, and willed
Monfieur de Villeroy to iliew me all, and lb difmiifed me with great Curtefie,
commaunding Monfieur d" Entragues, a Knight of the Order, who brought me
in, to accompany me out againe.

The next Day I returned, and found Monfieur de Villeroy at good Leyfure,

all the Court being gone abroad with the King. I prefented him the ^eens

Xetters, with ordinary Words of Complement, whereunto he anfwered with the

like, " That he would be glad to do her Majeftie any acceptable Service, in re-

" gard of her Greatnefs and rare Vertues, and of the favor and kindnefs ihe had

" don to the King his Mafter ; he knew yt was his Mailer's Pleafure that all his

" Servants ihould be likewife //^rV, for the Afledrion he bare her, and for the

" ftreight Amitie which was betwene them, which yt was fit for the Miniilers

" of bothe Sydes to labour to preferve, and to increaie by all means. I tolde him

" it was bothe my Charge from her Majeftie, and my particular Defyre, and

" prayed him I might find that 'Difpojition in him not in Words only, but in ef-

" fe5i, which would beft appeare, yf yt would pleafe him to be a means to pro-

" cure a good Anfwere and Contentment in thole Poynts I had propofed to the

" King^t and after delyvered in wryting, which the King had geven him. He

" told me in that, or any thing elfe which might concerne her Majeftie, he

' ' would do his beft labour that ihe might receave all good Satisfaction ; but he

" had not fpoken with the King fince I faw him, becaufe the King prefently up-

* D'ojfat's Letters, f'fl/. 3- /• 333-

pen

3 2 Sir H E N RY N E V I L l'j Book II.

An. i5'99- " pon niy departure roade abroad, and was not yet returned, (which was trew
" indeed) and befides, there was none els of the Counfail there but himfelfe.
" But at the King's Returne, he would deale earneftly with him to fend for his
" Counfail^ and efpecially thofe of his Finances, without whohi he could give
*' no anfwere to the principall Point, which concerned the Payment of Mony.
" I prayed him to haften my Anfwere as muchc as might be, for that her Maje-
*' jellie might marvail I had been fo long here, and returned her no anfwere of
" any thing flie gave mc in charge, and might perhaps condemne me of negli-
" gence. I prayed him alfo not to referre my Anfwere to the * Financiers., for
" they were like enough (according to their Cuftom) to fynd many Difficulties,
" rather than they would part with any Mony. But I deiyred him, as a princi-
" pal Minifter of the Kings, by whom his Affaires were cheefly direded, to en-
" ter into due Confideration how meet yt was for the King in Honor and Juftice
" to give her Majellie Contentment herein, flie having fliewed {o princely and
" entire an Affedion to him, in all his Neceffities, and requiring now nothing
•' of him but her owne, and that in fuche tyme as flie had apparent occafion to
" ufe yr, and he by reafon of his Peace at home and abroad, might bell Ipare
" yt. He laid, the King bothe ought and would flreyne himfelfe, to give her
" Majeflie Contentment, as farre as his State would permitt; but to deal plain-
" ly with me, and not to feede me with Words, he thought he was not able to
•' content her for the prefent with any Mony. I faid, that Anfwere might
" perhaps ferve yf flie went about to borrow any Mony of him, but flie de-
" maunding nothing but her owne, lent in his neceffitic, and when flie might
" evill have fpared yt, and to furniflie him was fain to difaccomodate her felfe,
" whereby flie is now driven to want; the King was bound in Honor to fatis-
" fie her, thoughe with fom Difficulties and extraordinarie Meanes, rather than
" to dryve her for want of yt, unto any extremitie or inconvenience. I told
" him her Majeflie was a great Princefs, and did not contrad Amitie uppon any
" Difadvantage, but upon equall Termes and Interefls. That hirhertoo the A-
" mitie with the King had bin rather burdenfome then profitable unto her, the
" King having drawen from her, afTiflance bothe of Men and Mony, and flie no-
" thing but Promife and Hope from him ; whereof, althoughe flie did not repent,
" yet according to the Nature of Amitie, which confifls upon mutual Offices
" and Interefls, fhe did lookc now to receave fom returne of kindncfs from him;
" and this being the leafl of all other, to recover her owne, yf he did no more
" regard her Satisfadion in this, flie might little looke for yt in any greater Mea-
" fure. I told him further, that the King had already geven Satisfadion to the
' ' States., and isijas now about to doe the like to the S-wiffars, to the Valew of
" 5'ooooo Crownes ; that he had hkewike geven Contentment to all his rebelli-
" ous Subjeds, with whom he had made Compofitions ; And yf amongfl all
" thefe, hefliould only negled her Majeflie, yt would give her jufl caufe to
" thinck, that he made not that account of her Amitie, which by the greatnes
' ' of her Eflate, and the Sinceritie of her Frendfliip towards him, flie might
" juflly challenge. He anfwered, that he would follicit the King, which was
" all he could do in yf, and when the King had geevcn order in yt, he would
" likewife follicit the Difpatche. Then he required of me the Coppies of the
" Bonds, which I have fmce fent unto him, and have likewife written unto him
" to haften my Anfwere.

Touching the matter of the Carriadge of the Corne into S^aine, he told me,
" That the King hathe already written unto all the Ports, that they fliould for-
" bear to trade with Sj>aine, bothe in refped of the Arrefl made there oi Frenche
" Shipps, and likewife of the Tlacart fet out by the States, for feare they
" fliould meet with them, and make Prize of them. But when I reply ed, that

* Monfieur rfe Khofny, was then Surintendant of the Finances, of whom Mezary gives this Charadler:
gw';/ avoit la Negative fori rude, etoit impenetrable, atix prieres & aux imfortunitez., fe chargeoit hardnnent
de la haine des refus, CT" /e bouchoit les Oreille! anx jilalntes v aux rsprochei, fans fe foucier d' autre chofe, que
dt trouver de Jour en Jour de noHveanx funds,

" thefe

Book II. Negotiation hi France. 33

" thcfc Rcfpcds were but for a Tymc, but that the other Refpcd: of the yf«. 1599.
" Qiiccnc my Miftris was like to continue, and therefore prayed to know what -^^^v— --/
*' I ihould anfwerc, He (aid I iliould have aniwerc to that point as well as to
" the rcfl, in wry ting.

For the third 'Point contained in my written Propofition, he harhe afTcnted
thus forre, and willed me fo to certifie, " that the K'nv^ ihall by Proclamation
" forbid his Subjeds to buy or provyde any Armes, Munitions, or Materials
" for Warre in any forrainCountrey, and to carry them into any Countrey ex-
" cept France." And yf this be liked of, he defircd rh' A; tides might be hnifli-
ed and put into a Forme of a Treaty, that bothe her Majcflie and the King might
figne yt. But being once entred into this Argument, he fell into bitter Excla-
mations againft our Juftice, and told me (as the King had likcwife done the Day
before) that the AmbafHtdor had written, " that thonghe the Qiieen's Majeflie
" had geeven him all Contentment and Promife of Reformation, yet he found
" all was ftayed by other nicanes, and that he lliould be forced to lend back the
" Parties that fucd, to feeke Remedie heere. I told him, I feared the AmbafTa-
" dor tooke too padionate a Report from the Parties themfelves, who meafure
" Jufl:ice but by theire owne A/fedrion : That I knew her ?vlajeftie was fully
" bent to do Juftice, but yt may be there was fom (lay made of proceeding in the
" courfe file had ellabliJhed, till yt might be feen what Corrifjwndence they
" yeelded heere: That the ^^ueene had already eftabliflied aComraiffion for that
" purpofe, which the /v/';/^ had not yet done; and till they were as forward on
" theire part, as the Qiieenehad bin on her?, they had no reafon to complaine,
" for Trinces u fed to marche with equal T aces; hut the ^jecne had fo tifed to
" prevent them with Kindnes-, that yt feemed they looked for yt ftilir I of-
fered yf he would give me the Particularities of his Complaints, I would write
ofyt. Heanfvvered, " theyf/'/?i^^^<^(Jr was befl: acquainted with the Particulars,
" and prayed me only to write in generall, that there might be good Juftice
" don, the want or refufall whereof, might otherwife interrupt all goodlnten-
" tions betwene their Majefties ; afluring me that the King would do the like;
" and thoughe the Commijfion was not efiabliflied, that he would caufe Juftice
" to be don upon any Complaint I would deliver: Yet yf the Queene ftaied up-
' ' on thofe relpedts, or any other, about the Intercourfe of renewing of Treaties,
" (wherein he faid the King would be ready to meet the Queene half way,) he
" defired that they might be accelerated, and that we might begin to put Pen
" to Paper, either here or there.

Hereupon we fell into fome Speeche of the Treaty o'iBlois, why this King

made no Declaration of his Intention to continue yr, as the Treaty requires.

" He faid the King made account it had bin fufficiently confirmed by that of

" 1596, and yf it were not, the King was willing to do any thing that might be

" to the confirmation of Amitie and Entercourle." Thereupon, becaufe I un-

derftood by Mr. Edmonds he had already dealt with the Kinq and him for an

Exemption for om Englijhe Marchants du droiB d' Atibeine-, which is very grea-

vous unto them, for that fiich as dye heere loofe theire Goods without remedie,

not having Power by Will to difpole of them; " I urged him to fliew fom To-

"ken of the King's good will towards our Nation that way, as he had don of late

" to ihz Low-Countrey Men, who had not better deferved of him, then <?^rj- had

" don. And the rather to induce him, lalledged the Treaty oi Blois, wherein

" that Point was accorded unto us. He anfwered fyrfl: for the /f/2;»a;w^/> graunt-

" ed to the States, yt was required by them, and yealded to in a tyme when

" the King had need of them, and might denye them nothing. To which I re-

" plied, that yt was more Honor for the King to requite Kindnes with Kindnes

" freely, then to do all things by the way of Bargaine: That the Queen had

" dealt like an honorable Princes, and had not made Marchandize of her Fa-

" vours, yet Ihe had reafon to looke for fom Fruit of her Frendlhip. To the

" point of the Treaty oi Blois, he faid that we had not performed yt on our

" part, I asked him wherein we had made default ; he faid yt had never bin ex-

K " ecuted,

34- &r Henry Nevill'j;' Bookll.

^/^. 15-99. " ecuted, but the ///i^^r^fjwr/? was prefently difcontinued, I anfwer'd, that was •
" not our fault but theirs , for the * Maffacre followed immediately, wherein
" our Men were murdered, and their Goods fpoiled, without any Juftice orRe-
" medie; but now that Peace was eflabliflied, and our Men began to revive
" that Trade into thefe Parts, yt was reafonable they fliould enjoy the Prive-
" leages due unto them by the Treaty. To this he only anlwered, that when
" all the reft was agreed on, this would eafily be determined, but to fmgle it
" from the reft he faw no reafon.

The laft point of my Propofition towching Collesford, I did add upon Infor-
mation from Mr. Edmonds, of the daylie Prad:izes of that Man to draw over
young Englijhe Gentlemen, and to convey them to Rome: wherein I am to ad-
vertize yowi Honor, that the Searchers o{ Sandwkbe and 'Dover doe not theire
Dueties, but are dayly corrupted as I am informed ; and not only that way, but
for the Paflage over of Gueldings, which from thence and Rye, are continually
iliipped over in good Plenty.

I had fom Speeche with Monfieur Villeroy about the S^amjhe Preparations,
which he aftured me upon perfed: Information, were not any way meet to attempt
an Invafion, but only to be ufed for Defence. But the next Teare he faid yf we
made not Peace, he thought they intended fom Attempt uppon us.

I learned bothe by the King and him, that \Coomans, who was imployed
lately into England from the Cardinally pafled this way within thefe few Daies
into Sj>a'me, having in his Speeche with the King profefTed himfelfe as it were an
Ennemy to the Spaniards, but a Servant of the Archdukes, and a great Wiiher
of Peace, that by that means the Countrey might be freed from the Spaniards.
He profelTeth himfelfe likewife of the Religion, and was prefent the laft Sunday,
as the Duke of Bouillon told me, at the Aftembly of the Proteftants at Grigni
five Leagues from Taris towards Foimtainbleau. Yt is thoughte he goethe to
Work the King oi Spain e to be more inchnable to the Peace, whereunto thefe
MeJJienrs, both Villeroy and others, would faine perfwade me, that that King
hath no Inclination, but is only contented to harken unto yt, for the Benefit,
and at the Injiance of the Cardinall.

Towching our Peace with Spaine, they pretend here in Words to be very de-
fyrous of yt, that we might have reft from our Troubles, as they have. But the
truthe is they are jealous ofyt, and I think yt fit they jhould be fo held till her
Majefiie be refolved: And in the mean tyme that they be urged inftantly to
whatlbever her Majefty fliall thinck fit to draw from them; for yt is not good
Nature cr Gratitude, but Inter eft of State that muft prevail with them. Yt is
commonly beleaved, that yf yt were not for the Warre with England, the King
oi Spaine would eafily imbarke himfelfe into the Duke oi Savoy's Quarrel: So
as yf her Majeftie intend any Peace \;ivdc\Spaine, yt may advantage her muche to
make yt before this terme geven to the Duke of Savoy expire ; for this occafion
once paffed, there is no likelehood of any probable occafion of Breach to growe
betwene them in hafte, which I hold very fit for her Majeftie's Affaires not to
be negled:ed.

The King is this Day departed from Fount ainbleau, minding to pafTe his tyme
at Monfieur d' Entr ague's Houfe, andfundrie other Gentlemens for 15 or 20 Days,
^nd fo to fettle at Blois, where he intends to remaine a Monerh or two, till he
proceede x.o^2ixd& Lyons. I do not yet learne of any Order geven to the Ambal^
fadors to follow : But I befeeche you let me underftand her Majeftie's dired Plea-
fiire in yt, for I am very defirous to conforme my felfe thereunto, thoughe I
know her Allowance will not difcharge my Lodging and my Hories, befides my
Diet and other Charges ; but I truft for my Horfes and my Carriadges, her Maje-

- * The Maffjcreat Part! in 1571 is too well knovvn to be particularly raeniioned. A large Account of it
may he found in Davilas Hlllory of Fra-z/ce, Book V. Memoires de Sulli, Vol. r. ch.^, 6. and a multitude
of other Authors.

t Cambdsn calls him Heironynjo C^mano, and gives an imperfecft account of his Negotiation hither, i?'-
Jliry of Enghnd, Vol. z. f. 6 L^.

ftie

Book II. Ncgotiatiojis in France. ^5

flic will be plcafcd to allow mc as flic liathc don all other Ambafladors in like >^« icoo
Cafes. Andib, ^c. ' ^^^'

Tottr Honors.) &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Refjioncc cki Roy au Mcmoire prcfentc a fa Majcftc par I'AmbafTa-
dcur de la Royne d'Anglctcrre, fa bonne Soeur &: Coufine.

Sur le Premier Article^

CA Majejle Recognoijl avoir re feu de ladite T)ame Roine^ dtirant les trou-
^ bles de fin Royanlme, plu/icurs ])laijirs & fecours tres a propos ; defquelz,
€lle fera a jatna'ts memoratzvey & mettra peine de fe revancher mix occajions
■qui fe prefenteront, aultant que fes molens & fa puljfance seflendront ; ne Luy
fonhaltaiit mohigs de profperlte & de contentement en la Guerre d'lrelande,
que fes armes font accompagnes de Jnftice. Tart ant fa Majefte commendera a
ceulx de fon Con fell, d'advlfer aux ^nolens, qullj aura de falre rembourfer la-
dite IDarne Rojne^ des denlcrs qiielle a advances pour le blen de fes affaires.
Mais efiant cefie Annee f advancee, qu'elle eft, eulx que fadlte Majefie dolbt
recepvolr en Ice lie font deja deparllz, de forts qu'll fera difficile qu'elle luy pu-
iffe falre plus grande fowme que les vlngt mllle efcus qu'elle prefta a fadlte
Majefte fan iS9^-> ^^^ /^^^^ rembourfe7?ient defquelz, aufft II a efte falEie Inftance
jufques a prefent. Cependant fa Majefte fera verifier & arrefter le compte
difdltes advances par les Gens de fon Confell, affin d'y pourvolr aprezplus de
lumlere.

Sur le Deuxieme.

Le traffic & tranfport des grains en Efpalgne, ne peult juftement eftre em-
pefche aux Suble5fz de fa Majefte, par ladite Royne & fes- StibleBz, fiy aucuns
qui font en palx avec elle ; Les quelz tlrent aujfi de la France plufieurs autrez
commodltez femblables, defquels ft les Efpagnols voulolent enter prendre de les
priver^ pour mefmes confideratlons & ralfons d'eftat, ou de guerre-, aleguees
contre le tranfport defdltes grains ; la France ferolt frlvee de Commerce de
toutes parts, a fon trop grand dommage. C'eft pourquoy, fa Majefte a Infifte.,
pour la liberie du commerce defdltes grains, comme des autres marchandifes.
Mais fa Majefte a pour certalnes confideratlons commande a fes SubleSiz, de
fiirceolr quelque temps le tranfport defdltes grains, alnfy qtill a efte declare a
I' Ambajfadeur de ladite Royne.

Sur le Troifienie.
Sa Majefte n'entend point que fes fuble6iz, abufent au dommage de ladite
Royne ny d' autres, de la llberte de traffiquer par tout, que la Talx qu'elle a
avec tous fes volfins leur donne, ny qu'llz entrepregnent, de deblter & porter
des Armes ,. Munitions , ® materlaulx de guerre hors de fon Royaulme , fott
.qu'llz pregnent © acheptent en Icelluy, ou allleurs, fans fon exprefie permlf
fiour de quoy feront faiBes les deffenfes necejfalres, avec commandement aux
Officlers de fadlte Majeft:e, de les falre exadement obferver.

Sur le quatrierae.
Sa Majefte pourvolra an contenu du prefent Article, comme le requlert la
bonne palx @ amltle qu'elle a avee ladite Royne, laquelle elle veult conferver &
entretenlr fidelkment.

Sir

Sir Henry Ne v i i. lV Book II.

J'ir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Of the fame 'Date with the firmer.

Since the finifhing of aiy Difpatche, I receaved from Monfieur de Vlllerqy the
King's Anfwere, whereof I fend a Copy herewith. Thereupon, confidering
the King was removed from Fountainbleau, and Villerqy with him, fo as I fhall
of long tyme have no means of Accefs to them, I went this Evening to Monfieur
de Belieure, a principal Man in Counfail, who is yet in this Towne, and com-
plained to him very hotly of the Anfwere, faying, " That yt appeared rather
* ' made far maiiiere d' acquit then upon any ferious Confideration of the Impor-
" tance of yt, and that yt had bin fitter to have bin geven to a Suitor that would
" have borrowed or begged Money of the King, then to a PrincefTe of that State,
" who demaunded nothing but her owne, when flie had occafion to ufe yt her
" felfe, having lent yt him in his extreme Neceffitie. And I told him I found yt
" fo very unreafonable, and fo likely to give her Majeftie an exceeding Difcon-
" tentment, to fee her felfe fo little regarded that had fo well deferved; that out
" of my Love to the King, and Defyre of the continuance of good Amitie be-
" twene their Majefties, I would preliime to conceal and fupprels yt till the King
" might readvife of yt; and yf I muft needs returne this, and could get no bet-
" ter, I would do yt, hnt wiihTrotefatioii of the great Wrong and Ingratitude
" don therein to the ^eene my Miflris. I told him, that yf the King were not
" able to fatisfy her all prefently, yet yf he had made Offer of fome realbnable
" part of yt, yt might have geven her Majeftie an Argument of his Willingnes
" and Care to content her: But to give her no Satisfad:ion, having fatisfyed the
" States, the Siiijfers, and all his own Subjed:s, (to whom he was no more ty-
" ed then to her Majeftie) argued a lefs regard towards her then towards them,
" which I was forry to fee, and might breed in her Majeftie an Impreffion no-
" thing proffitable unto him. And whereas yt is alleadged in the Anfwere., that
" the AJfignations of the King's Meanes are already made for this Yeare, I told
" him, the King was not fo muche tyed in Honor or Juftice by thofe AJfigna-
" t'lons., which were but his voluntary A(5t, as by his Obligations made to the
" ^teene under the Great Seal of France., and verefied in his Court oi'Parle-
' ' merit, and Chambre des Contes, and that there was none of thole who had
" thefe AiTignations made them for Debt or otherwife, whom the King had fo
'* muche caufe to fcare to breake with, as with the Queene, of whom he had re-
" ceaved fuche real Kindnes. And therefore, yf the King, to latisfy her in fom
" good meafure, did ftreine himfelfe, by ufmg his Credit, or any other extraordi-
" nary Meanes, yt were but reafbn, rather then that ilie for want of yt, lliould
" bedryven into any Streight or Difficulty.

The old Man apprehended my Speeche very well, and confefled, " yt was
" meet the King lliould make the Queene a better Satisfadion ; but told me, that
" the matter was not yet com to the Counfail, but when yt Ihould be commu-
" nicated unto them, he would fpeake that which he thought fitt, for the King's
' ' Honor, and the continuance of the Amitie." He wilhed me likewife to write
unto Monfieur de Villeroy as muche as I had faid to him, which I meane to do
out of hand ; and as foon as I have any other Anfwere, I will advertize y out Ho-
nor immediately. In the mean tyme I referr yt to your Honor's Conjiderationy
whether you will take Knowledge of this Anfwere or nay ; and when you do, yt
were very fit her Majeftie would deal roundly and quickly with the Ambajfador
about yt, for that is the way to ^revaile moft with thefe Men ; and fo I Ihall be
beft avowed when I fliall profecute yt v^'iih Earneftnes. In all things els I make
no doubt but they will give her Majeftie good Contentment, and particularly I
underftand that upon the Speeche Monfieur de Villeroy and I had about theTreaty
of Blois, yt hathe fence bin debated in Counfail, and yt is relblved, that the Con-
firmation of yt Ihall be offered. So likewife yt feemeth the King mWfend one
to be inftalled for him, but how foone I cannot yet certainly difcover.

Upon

Book II. Negotiation in France. 37

Upon Sunday kfl,, as thofe of the Relligion returned hither by Water from An. I5'99.
Grigni^ where they had bin at the Cominunion, they were rcceaved at theire
landing place right before my Lodging, with great Injuries and Reproaches, and
Ibme Stones and Durt floiig at them; and yt was feared yt would have growen
to a worfc matter, but the others Patience flayed all. 1 hey have proceeded to
uiformc diligently of the Offendors, and amongfi: the reft, yt is thought a Treeji
who began the Tumult fhall be executed for yt. The Ediil: I perceave hathe
Icarle contented them oi the Relligion^ and they ma.k.e fome difficulty in fbm
places to receave yt, whereat the King is muche offended, and complained to
me of theire Inconndcratnes, faying, he found there were fome Spirits oijefuits
among them, as well as among the Catholuques.

Yefternight the Lord of JVearncs a Scottifhe Man came to me, and told me,
that the Lord of Hume was come over hither, and was to go hence to Rome^
imployed to the Tope from that King ; of whom he alfi delivered me very many
Su/picions., as yf he declined altogether in Relligion., and began to intertaine
Jireight Intelligence with the Vopijhe fyde and Princes. He told me alfo that
H. CunJIabley who went lately thither out of thefe parts-, was fent by the Tope
with oifer ofxoooo Crowns aMoneth., and other fecrett Conditions to the King:,
But of this latter I uTake little account. The Lord of Hume is certainly here, and
I will be very inquifitive of his Proceedings. Yf your Honor have any Intelli-
gence at Rome, yt were well don to caufe fbm Eye to be had to his Negotiation
there. It were pity that that King Jhould be loft, yf a fmall matter might re-
taiue him in Devotion to her Majeflie, and the Caufe. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honors, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Monfieur de Villeroy.

Monfieur, De Paris 6 Juin i5'99. S.N.

y''AT efte bien marry & non moins esbahi de voir la Refponce que vous m'avez
envoy d au Nom du Roy, aux propojitions que javois prefentees ; laquelle,
four parler franchement , me femble avoir efte fai£le pluftoit par rnaniere
d' acquit, qii autrement, & comme Ji la Roine ma Maiftreffe demandoit quelque
chofe en aon ou emprunt du Roy, & non pas d'eftre rembonrse de ce qui eft du
fan, & dont elle I'a autrefois accommode en fbn befoin. Car vous ayant repre-
fente les grandes occafions que la Roine a d'emploier d' I' argent, & la neceffiti
qui Va force a pre fent, de faire Inftance au Roy de luy rendre ce dont elle I' a
autrefois ajjljie'; vous me refpondez que le Roy a dejia departi fes fnoiens, t3
en a fai5i les Affignations pour cefte annee ; Comme fi le Roy eftoit plus fuhjeEt
a fes aft[ignations, que ne font que fes Acies voluntaires, que aux Contracts &
Obligations faiBes a la Roine ma Maiftreffe, foubs le Grand Seel de France.,
^ Verifiees en fa Cour de Tarlement, ^ Chambre des Contes ; ^ Comme s'tl
y euft perfonne a qui le Roy deuft avoir plus d'efgard de ne la mefcontenter
point, qu'd la Roine ma Maiftrejfe, & princifalement en un tel affaire, qui ne
Vemporte pas moins, que de la confervation de fon Eft at, & la redu5fion d'un
de fes Royaumes.

A quoyje vous replique librement ^franchement, qu^encor que le Roy s'ef-
forfaft pour emprunt, ou autre moien extraordinaire, de luy donner content ement,
veu rEftat & circonftances de ceft affaire, il ne feroit que ce qui eft de raifon, &
ce d quoy I'honneur ^ Vamitie femblent /' obliger ; eftant toutjours phis jufte &
raif)nnable que le Roy patijfe quelque chafe, pour rendre ce qii'il a emprunt e ;
que la Roine, pour ne V avoir point re^eu. Encores, fi le Roy Veuft offert fitif-
faBion de quelque raifonnable fomme , il euft tousjours donne argument a la
Roine de fa bonne volente, & du defir qtiil avoit de luy donner plus grand con-
tentement, quand il en auroit le moien. Et cependant il euft eu la commodity

L ^s

38 &> Henry Neville Book II.

An. ifpp. de fair'i verifier le CoJitc, avec autant de lumiere qiiil ntjl dejire. Mais de la
' renvoier avec nne refponce fi froide ^ Jierik, ay ant donne fatisfaciion aux
Eftatz., aux Stiijfes, ^ t ant d' autre s., ^ mejnies a fes fubjeBz; motijire, qitil
tien faiEi pas Veftime^ que par fes meritesy & la Grandeur de fin Efiat^ elk
potivoit jnjiement attendre.

Mais pre fuppofant-, fee que je ne puis pourtant accorder) que le Roy iia pas
le moien pour le prefent, de luy donner content em ent en argent cont ant; Corn-
merit vous excufirez vous du contrail de Van i5'9i ? par lequel le Roy s'eji ob-
lige de conjigrier entre les mains de la Royne, pour le rembourfiment de plujieurs
fommes y fpecifieesy les Gabelles du Sel, ^ autres impofitions provenantes dans
les Villes de Roiien C^ Havre de Grace. Vous deviez pour le mains luy avoir
offert cela, qui eft tousjours en la puijjance du Roy. Mais par cefte Re/ponce
vous ne luy avez prefi'nte fatisfatJion en aucune firte. Et pourtant ■> cOgnnoif-
fant la mauvaifi imprejjlon qiielle pourroit donner ■, a la Roine ma Maiftrejffe,
je me fuis refilu comme bon firviteur du Roy, & comme celuy que defire, autant
qiien moy eft., de prevenir totites occajions de mefiontentement s entre ces deux
Grands Trinces; de ne la luy communiquer point-, jufques a ce que je vous euf-
fe prie f comme je fais tres inftamment) de fupplier le Roy de 7?ia part, qiCil
hiy plaife d'y reUdvifer, comme a chbje qui eft de tres grande confiqiience a Ven-
treteninient de la bonne Amitie ^Union entre leur Majeftez ; ^ vous rejfouve-
iiant, que pour fair e durer les Amities, il fault qu^ elks foient fondees fur In-
ter efts egaulx, & offices reciproques. Et fi a la fin, il me faudra communiquer
cefte Refponce a la Royne, je le feray, mats tousjours avec proteftation du trop
pen de rejpe£i que je vois qu^il en porte a ma Maiftrejfe, & d' avoir fai£i mon
devoir au coniraire; (^ me laveray les mains, de tout mefiontentement, alie-
nation de bonne volant e, ou autre inconveniejit qui en pour r a avenir.

§^tmid au fecond poinEi de ma 'Propoftion, je ne my trouv^ nan plus fat if
faidi. Car je me fuis infifte fur la promejfe de I' Ambaffadeur du Roy, que le
Roy donneroit ordre a ce qtiy eft contenu, ^ vous ne my refpondez point dire-
iiement. Je defire pourtant f^ avoir la Refponce du Ray la deffus, a fin que la
Roine ma Maiftrejfe fiache, quel Conte ou fondement elle pourra faire, de la
promejfe dudit Ambajfadeur d'icy en avant.

T'ouf le traifieme paincf, il me fiemble, que vans ne Vavez pas couch^ par
Efcrit, en telle forte que me Vaviez explique de bouche ; mais le difference
ft' eft pas grande, &je croy que a la premiere conference nous en viendrons fa-
cilement d^ accord. Cependant, je vous pri^ auffi de mayenner envers le Roy,
qu'il luy plaife d'expedier fia Cammijfion, .pour juger des plaint es des abus, corn-
mis en Mer, comme la Roine a defia faiit de fin cofte; a fin que notis puijfions
marcher de mefime pied, comme il eft fieatit & raifinnable.

Et a tant, vous priant de faire paroiftre par effect la bonne ajfeEiion que vous
m^avez ajfeure d'avoir a la continuation d'l'eftroite Union entre fes deux
Royaumes, je vous baife les mains, & Jupplie le Seignieitr Monfietir de vous
conferver la bonne Sante.

Voftre humble & afFedionne Serviteur & Amy,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Monfieur Villeroy'^y AnfLver*

Monfieur, Du Bois Malefherbes le 8'«e de Juin 1599. S.N.

*Y-S fuis tres many, que la Refponce du Roy a voftre Memoir e, ne vous a
J Mieulx fatisfait ; car fa efte, ^ fir a touts jours. Pint ent ion & le defir de fa
Majefte, de donner tout contentement a la Roine de ce qui dependerd d'elle, &
fierd en fion pouvoir en la neceffite de fes affaires. Sa Majefte vous a refpondu
qiielle commendera a ceux de fin Confeild'advifer au moien d'y pourveoir,mais

qiiil

Book II. Negotiations in France. 39

qu'il fera difficile, qticllc paid ccjlc annec plus ^rande fbmme que les xoooo j^fi,
Efinz, qui luy out cjfc dcntaudez, an commencement dicelle, pour tiy avoir dif-
pose fes 'affaires. Sa Majcjle vous a dicl la Verity, voiis declarant fa bonne
Volant e-, $iJ nc voulant rien promettrc quelle ne pnijf'e ejfecluer.

yay aprins par la lettre que voiis jnavez cfcripte par cc porteur, qUe votis
dcfirez que fa Majcffd s\'fforce de donner plus de contentcment a laRoine^ au
Infoing que vous rcprejentes qu'elle en a. Je I' ay dicl a fa Majefe, laquelle
rna commande vous efrire, fi tojl que ceiilx de fon Confeil front aupres d'elle,
elk advifera avec eulx aiix moiens qu'il y aura de mieulx faire\ vous priant
croire-, '^ ajfcnrer la Roine, qtCelle a tresbonne Volant c, von feulement de paier
ce qu'elle doibt, ?/iais aujf de fe revenchcr des plaifirs qu'elle a rcceus d'elle ;
G> qiielle embrafera toutes les occafans de cc faire qui fe prefenterojtt, fans y

fo.
cc

ce qu'elle doibt aux Suijfes, aux Efiatz., ^ a d'antres, moins en a elk mainte-
fiant., pour paier ce qiielle doibt a laRoine-, mefmement fi foudainement, & a
point nommd, comme il femble que vous Ic defirez. yadvojie, que fa Majefti
doibt s'incommoder pour contenter la Roin'e, ^ fe revencher des plaifirs qiielle
en a re gens ; auffi-, eji il raifonnable, luy donner temps competent , pour rendre
les chops pojfihles. L'aJJiJtance que le Roy a tiree de la Roine en fa neceffite^
11 a efte du tout inntille au fervice mefmes de ladite Roine ; du moigns, Elle a
obligee a Elle ung 'Prince qui rien fera ingrat ; du quel, Elle regevra t ant plus
d'Amitie ^ de Service, qu'il aura de moien & de commodite de s'en acquitter.
Mais comme il ef certain, & que la longeur ^ rigeur des guerres, bnt grandd-
ment depeuple ce Royaume, & apauvry le peuple qui refte, & qu'en la fubfance
& abondance d'icelluy , con fife la Richejfe du Roy ; tout ainfi, qiiil fault die
temps pour le remede ; aufi, fault il donner temps & loyfir a fa Majefte, d'en
tirer de quoy payer ce qiielle doibt; Autrement, comme ce feroit defirer d'elle
Vimpojfible, ce feroit auffi outrepajfer les termes de vray Amitie, & la vouloir
mettre en peine pour ung plaifir re geu, qui doibt produire des effeSiz tous con-
trairez, comme j'ejp ere qiiil fiiccedera de fagon, que laRoine n'aura moindre
occafion d'en eftre content e, ^ vous de vous en loiier, que fa Majefte a de vo-
lonte que cela arrive, @ fes Serviteurs d'y contribuer, ce qui ef de leur deb-
voir © poiivoir ; Comme je vous fipplie croire que je feray de ma part, en
homme de bien ^ tresfidelle Serviteur de fa Majefle, tres defireux du contente-
■ ment de la Roine , tS d'entretenement de la bonne Amitie de leurs Majejie's ;
pour laquelle, fa Majefte efpere , que vous ferez tousjours tous bons offices,
comme vous luy avez promis.

Je ne fgay pas quelle promejfe a faiBe V Ambajfadeur du Roy, fur le tranfport
des Grains en Efpagne, qui oblige fa Majefte' a faire autre Re fponce, que c elle
qui vous a efte faiite de bouche & par Efcript ; puifque fa Majefte vous a de-
clare, avoir commande a fes SubjeBz, de fur ceoir pour quelque temps le tranf-
port defdits Grains ; Monfeur, il me femble que vous avez occafion de vous eii
contenter; ^ pareillement, de larefponce fai£le a la troifieme Article de voftre
Memoir e, qui eft conforme d ce que je vous en ay dit de bouche. Et quant a la
Commiffion que vous defirez eftre expedie'e, pour juger des plaint ez des abus
qui fe commettent en Mer : II y fera fatisfait, fi toft que le Roy & la Roine au-
ront figne les Articles du reiglement, accorde pour ceft effeB; dont fa Majefte a
efcript d fon Ambaffadeur, faire Inftance d la Roine & a Mefileurs de fon Con-
feil; a fin, que toutes chofes foient fai6lez enfemble, @ que les Efie£fs dudit
Reglement s'en enfuivent telz, qu'il convient pour le Seurete des Subjects de
leurs Majeftes, & la confervation de leur amitie ^ bonne Voifinance. Je prie
T)ieti., Monfieiir, vous donner longue & heiireufe vie.

Voftre humble & affe(Stionue Serviteur & Amy,

"DE NEVFVILLE.

Mr,

Sir Henry Nevill j Book II.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, ~ 13' May 1599.

ALthoughe fince your Departure there hathe little happned worthy your
Knowledge, nor nothing in your Letters fpecified, that dothe require pre-
lent Anfwere ; yet have I thought good to difpatche away this MefTenger, to
bring you liich Newes as I am lure you will be gladde of, as namely thefe, That
Her Majeftie hathe hard yonx Letter read from the fyrft to the laft, and hath
allowed of your whole Cariage at this your fyrfi Entry-, with an exceeding gra-
cious Commendation, whereof fhe keepeth, no Secret, but divulgeth yt to the
whole Court ; wherein I muft confeis to participate with you as feelingly, as the
dearefl: Freind you have living.

* For the Newes that was told you by the French King, this is all I have to
lay unto you, that yt is poffible, that many things may fly over by common
bruits, whereof you have not hard by me : But thofe I wiflie you to credit as
things ey ther likely to be falfe, or fo uncertainly advertifed, as yt would be a
towche to the Credit of my Tlace, to wryte unto you iuch Reports, and turne
to your difcreditt, yf (being her Majefties publick Minifter) you Ihould pro-
nounce occurents from your own State, that prove untrue by that tyme you have
reported them. In this Point I confefTe I mean to deal curioufly, in a common
relped: to us bothe, but of any other negligence, remaine fecure, that you iliall
have little Caufe to complaine. And therefore, know this from rile, that yf any
one of the Great of IJlfter or Connaght be reduced, yt is more then the Queene
of England to my Knowledge underflandeth ; only this is true, that in the
Conntx'iQS oi Lem/fter and the Tale, where her Majefties Army livethe, divers
of thofe Trovincial Rebels offer SubmifTion : But thofe are fuche as the Earle
dothe meane to dryve from Capitulations, and to give them luche Conditions as
bell pleafeth him: of which number, the Principall Man is the Lord oi Montgar-
. ret ; whofe Countrey being fcicuated where her Majeftie's Forces may paffe with
lefs Difficulty, he being an unweildy Body, (and knowing that he could not hold
out, when the Earle ilrould profecute him,) relblved upon my Lord's Arrivall,
to offer his Submiffiori.

Thus much doe I particularife unto you, nether to th' intent you iliould make
them there thincke us lefle happy, or yet to diminifhe the Reputation of my
Lord's Proceedings; for he, arriving not in Ireland before the 17* of April,
muft have wrought Miracles, to have fetled and diftributed an Army of 16000
Foote and 1300 Horle, and to have accomodated them with all Neceftaries in a
Countrey full of Mifery and Diforder, in a fliorter Tyme then he did; for the
Tyme of the Yeare not ferving to paffe into IJlfter (to breake the Flead of the
Rebellion) till the Moneth oijune: within twenty Day es, his Lordlliip beganne
a Journey into Lempfier, and from thence intends to pafTe into Mtmfter, with
a Purpofe to fecure thofe Provinces; that thereby, the maine Adlion oiUlJier
may be proceeded withall with lefTe Diftradtion.

For the matter of the Teace, I cannot ftoppe the Bruits that the contrary
Party may Ipredde yf they thinck yt for their Advantage, neither can I thinck
yt ftraunge, that the Frenche Jealoufies multiplie according to theire owne In-
ventions, nor that the Frenche AmbafTadour wryteth that which he knoweth
not, becaufe that which he knoweth is not worthe the wryting. But to tell you
truely, her Majeftie hathe reafon to conceave unkindly of the Frenche AmbafTa-
dor, who being made acquainted with the Truthe, (to th' intent to latisfy the
King of her Majefties fincere Proceedings) hath now without Caufe, written of
his owne head, that which may make the King lufpicious, when he fliall fynd
that you Her Majefties Ambaffador, had that from him, which his owne Am-

See Sir Hewry NeviU's Letter to the Secretary, of the 1-5'^ of May, [\ zo.

bafTador

Book 11. Negotiation in France. ^t

bafTador wryrcth ; wherein I do afliirc you, upon my Creditt, you know as muclie An. 15-90.
as I doc ; for Hncc Coomaiis departed, (with whofe An(werc you were acquainted) ../-V^-^
I never hard from him diredly or indircdly, but to this Effcd; that the Secre-
tary which Cardinal Andreas fent into S_paine (when he came liether, was not
returned out of Spaiue with any Anfwcrc ; and this by Letters was ccrtifycd,
that all further Procecdinij was flaicd, till the Archdukes coming into the Loiju-
Couiitrics.

To write you any Newes howc the States profper, is necdlcfTc, bccaufc you
have as good meanes to know yt there, as we have here ; only this you may
know, that by this tyme the Fleet is upon the CoafI: oi Spaine\ of whole Suc-
ccft, God lend us ipeedilic to hearc.

Concerning the Point in your Letter, how you fhould cary your fclfe to theire
Agents her Majeflie liketh very well that you fhould hold Corrcipondence withe
him, except in fome iiiche Points, as your Difcretion ferves you to referve ;
which her Majeflie layeth, flie dare trufl: in a greater Matter.

To the other Point, concerning the Treaty of Blots, after your next Dif-
patchc her Majeflie will thinck what courfe is fitt to be taken. In the meane
tyme, having now I doubt not, fent you the welcome Newes of her Majeflies
good Acceptation of your endeavours, and having lykewife fatisfyed your Mind
that the Frenche King's Intelligence exceeded ours here, I do now recommend
you to the Protection of God, and do defyre to know what you are the nearer
for thofe 20000 Crownes, and when they fliall be paied ; thoughe I hope they
are not {o fimple to thinck that fuche a Portion, yf yt came never fo foone, fliould
excde the due Payment of thofe great Sommes, whereof her Majeflie hath great
need ; and therefore, Sir, preiTe the other, but take the 20000 Crowns, becaufe
yt is of a feveral Nature from the refl of the Debts.

The domeflicall Newes we have are thefe. That the Lord Buckhurft is Lord
Treajiirer-, * Lord Cheifjuftice a Counfailor, and my felf Mafter of the IVards^
but lo reflrained by new Orders, as in the Office I am a Ward my {^Xk. But fee-
ing yc was my Father's Place, and that her Majeflie hathe beflowed yt on me, I
will undergoe yt with as muche Intergrity as I can, and yet I vow to you, I have
refigned a better Place of the T>utchy for yt. From the Court.

Tour loving Kinfman and Friend-,

RO. CECYLL.

The next Wind will bring us Newes, I hope, of the Erie's SuccefTe in this firft
Enterprife.

Your Letter came to my Hands the 22'' oi May. I thanck you for your pri-
vate Letter. ''^

Str Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll. ^

Right Honorable, Taris, 30*71/^15-99. O. S.

THE Lord of TVeames was with me this Day, and fignified unto me, that
he would depart very fhortlj for Scotland, and would take his Way
throughe England, purpofing to kifle her Majeflies Hands, and to advertize her
(as he layeth) of fom Matters of Importance. Having this occafion, I would
nor faile to accompany him with thefe few Lynes, to let your Honor under-
ftand, that he hathe bin once or twile with me, and hath made great Protellati-
ons of his Duety and Zeale towards her Majeflie ; and pretends at his Returne
into Scotland, to be able to do Ibm Service, for the conteyning that King in

* Sir '^ohn Pofham.

M good

A2 Sir Henry Nevillo Book IL

y^n. 15-99. c^^'^-^ T^e-jotion toia-ards her Majefiie and the Relligion ; whereof, becaufe my
-.^^y^-^ Lord is better knowen to your Honor then to mc, I mynde to fay no more.

And io, ^c.

Tour Honor Sy See.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sr^ Menry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honor able, ^^w, 30^>iV% 1599, O, S.

I Have thout;ht good to fend your Honor here inclofed, a * Copy of my Let-
ter to Monfieur de Villeroj, and lykewile of his Anfwere to yt, which I re-
ceaved this Diiy ; humbly praying I may be direded how I fliall farther proceed
in that Matter. If her Majeftie approve my earneftnefs in the pourliiite of yt, I
humbly beieech her to concurre in Hke forte, when ihe deales with the Ambafla-
dor there about yt; for otherwife, they will conceave that yt is but my doing
four fair e le Ion Valet , and they will regard yt accordingly. I beieech you,
Sir, alfo let me underftand her Pieafure, about my following the King in his Pro-
grefle.

The Agent of the States is muche difcontented with the Proclamation which
the King is about to publillie, for the Revocation of Monfieur de la Noiie, and
the Troupes which are gon to the Service of the States; wherein, the King pro-
mifeth to give fecret Advife to La Noiie, and the Principall of them, not to feare
or ftyrre upon y t ; yet he doubts, that the generallitie who fliall not know the
Secretr, will apprehend the Danger, and will withdraw themfelves, which will
be very unfealonable for theire Affayres. Yt feems the King, whiles the Matter
of the Marquifat depends, will not give the Spanilhe King any Caufe of Dif-
contentment, leafl he fliould take yt for a Pretext to imbarke himfelfe into that
Quarrel. And for the fame purpole, there having bin lately difcovered an Enter-
prife which the Count Maurice had upon a Towne called Charlemont, not farre
ftom Sedan, wherein certaine Frenche Men of the King's Garrifons adjacent were
imploied ; the Kinge hathe fent a Trovoji thither to do rownd Jufiice upon them,
and to proceed to theire Execution.

There are Letters come out of Spame, of the 30* of May, N.S. which make
mention, that the Archduke and the Infanta, were to imbarke at Barcellona
upon the 5^*^ of June-, they purpofe, as I heare, to returne by the way of 27-
roll, and yt will be the middle of Augtifi, before they can arrive in the Low
Countries. The opinion in this Court is, that the Spaniftie Camp muft be forced
to rile from before f Bommell very fliortly . Yt is conftantly reported here, that
the State's Army is already paft along this Coaft to the Weflward, and that there
were difcovered in two Fleets, to the Number of 140 Saile. The Agent giveth
out, that they will be able to put 8 or loooo Men on Land. The Spanijh Pre-
parations on the other Syde are thought here to be very weake. The News

of Ireland is muche enquired after. Thus having no other matter at this prefent
fit for your Honor's Knowledge, I humbly take my Leave.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

* The Reader may find thefe Letters before, Page 37, 38, 39,
■j" Grotti Ann-ales de Rebtis Belgici!, lib. 8.

Sir

Book II. Negotiation in France,

' Sii llcnry Neville /o il^;//7(?//;- Villeroy.

MONSIEUR, Dc Paris Jc ro'"* dc June, 1^99. N. S.

7E fills tres aifi d' entendre par vos Let I res, qii'il vciis a plea de m'efcrire,
cfue le Roy a fi bonne volonte iadvifcr aux Moyeris de donner plus ample
contentement a la. Royne ma Maijtrejfe, au faicl dc remhonrjcment de PArgenti
dont je luy avois fai^ infiance: Et ay cej!e ufperance, que taut plus qtCllpenfe-
ra, aux occafions & EJiat prefent des Jljfaires d'iielle, © aux raifoiis que fay
en partie allegues, & que luy ffaurez trop m'teulx deduire ; tant plus raifon-
nable il trouvera de s'ejforcer de luy fatisfaire, pour le moms en quelque forte
raifonnable, plnflof de la contraindre par fon rcfus-, aux mconveniens & diffi-
cult e^ que je vous ayrcprefentez, \S qu'nie pourront faillir d' apporter auf/i pre-
judice a fes affaires propres\ 'veu Veflroite conjun61ioii, qui eft entre leur deux
Majefiez ® leurs Eflatz. Ce que me gardera de vous faire autre replique pour
le prefent, aux excufcs que vous alleguez en vofire Lettre. Bien vous dirray
je ce mot en pajfant, qnil me femble qiion de doibt pas convert ir au prejudice
de la Royne ma Maiflrcffe, ce qu^ellc a fai&- de bonne ajfeEliou envers le Roy,
comme vous ferez tousjaurs, (i vous prenez le pretext e de differ er le paiement
fur ce, qu'elle ne vous n'en a plufiofi importune. II me femble pluftoft, que le
refpeB qiielle a monffre de porter a r Effat & Affaires du Roy, ne I' ay ant vou-
lu prejfer jnfques d ce qiiil fuft bien efiably, (^ qu'clle fufi mefmes contrainte
par fes occafions tres urgentes, merit e tant plus de refpeci en fon endroiSl, en ce
fen befoign que je vous ay reprefente'\ © auf/i-> vous me pcrmettrez sil vous
plaift de vous dire, que ce n'effpas maintenant la premiere fois que la Roine a
dematide rembourfement au Roy, ^ ce de plus grande fomme que de vingt mille
efcuz. Car J' ay entre mes mains, la Requiftion que luy en fit Monfeur Cecill,
il y a plus d'un an, ^ fa Rcfponce la dejfus ; Auxquelles il efi fai£i mention, de
phifieurs grandes fommes de denier s employees pour le Service du Roy, tant de-
vant, qu'aprez fon auvenement a la Couronne ; ^ notamment, de ces xoooo ef
cuz\ lefquelz, y font particuUerement fpecifiez, pourceque le Roy ne s'efoit
encore oblige pour c efi e fomme , comme il efioit pour le re fie. IDe forte, que
cefte demande ne vous doibt fembler nouvelle du foudaine, mats bien d' avoir
efle commence & pourfuivie, avecq beaucoup de rcfpc5l & moderation de la part
de la Royne ; qui merite plus favourable Interpretation, ^ non pas d'efre
converty a fon defadvantage.

Je vous pourrois encore repliquer fur quelque s autres points de voftre letre ;
l§ notamment fur ce, que vous n'y avez nuller/ient touche au poinB de la Con-
signation, que doibt efire faiBe des Gabelles de Roiien ^ Havre de Grace;
Mais je m^en deporte, comme fay di5l, fur l Efperance que vous m'avez donne
que le Roy prendrd cefi Affaire a cosur, & s'efforcerd a bon efceint , de donner
contentement a la Royne. Seulement vous prieray je, de fapplier le Roy de
safeurer, que je ne fauldray pas de faire toutz les meilleurs offices que je
pourray, pour entretenir @ accroifre, cefte Amitie ^ T)nion entre leurs Maje-
ft.es ; ^ que la pourfuitte inftante que je fats de ceft affaire, ne tend qui a cefte
feule fin, comme fait le tout puijfant feul fcrutateur des Coeurs ; lequel, je
prieray Monfeur, de vous donner en bonne fante longue ^ ijeureufe Vie.

Vofire, ^c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

An.\'s^^■

Sir Henry Neville Book II.

Sir Henry Neville to ^leen Elizabeth.

Mojl Grac'mis Soveraigne, Taris, 6^ June i5'99. O.S.

TH E inward Witnefs I daylie feele of my many wants for a Charge of this
Nature and Weight, which your Majeftie hathe layed upon me, would
greatly difinay me, were it not that 1 know that there is in your Moji Excel-
lent Majeftie all abondance bothe of Wifdome, by your Princely Dired:ions to
fupply my Defeds, and of gracious Difpofition, with Favour to enterpret my En-
deavours. Whereof, as I have receaved a comfortable Tafte, by your Majeftie's
gracious Acceptation of my firft Negotiation with the King, for which I do ren-
der all humble and poffible Thancks, fo I do moft humbly befeeche your moft
excellent Majeftie to continue in like gracious forte, to pardon and accept my
poor and weake Endeavours hereafter ; who as I faid unto your Majeftie when yt
plealed you fyrft to impofe this Charge upon me, can promife nothing of my
felfe, but Faythe and T^iligence ; which I do vow not to faile in, nor to omit
any Helpe I may with any Induftry procure to inable me for the Service : In
which kind I fliould be very ungratefiiU, yf I lliould not yeald a true Teftimony
unto this Gentleman Mr. Edmonds, and acknowledge the great Light I have re-
ceaved, by his frendly and reall communicating with me his Knowledge of the
Affaires of this State ; which I aftiire your Majeftie to be very exquifite, and his
Judgment and Sufficiency luche withall, as I hold him to have bin a worthy .MJ-
nifter of your Majeftie's here, and to be very able to do you good Service, where-
foever yt fhall be your gracious Pleafure to make further ufe of him. He corns
fo perfed:ly inftrudled of all matters here, and fo well acquainted with all my Ne-
gotiations fince my Arrival, as I hold not fytt to trouble your Majeftie with any
other Relation, then that he will make at his repaire unto your 'Trefence, unto
which I refer my felfe. And therewithall I do with all Humilitie kiffe your Roy-
all Hands, befeeching God long to preferve your moft excellent Majeftie in
Healthe, with Increale of all Princely Honor and Happinefs.

Tour Sacred Majeftie's moft humble

and dutiful Subje£i and Servant,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Str Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, OfthefameT)ate.

THere could be no Newes more welcome unto me, then thofe yt pleafed you
to fend me, of her Majeftie's gracious Acceptation of my proceeding hi-
thertoo ; wherein as I acknowledge alfo your honorable Favour towards me, in
preparing her gracious conceit, towards that which otherwife in yt felfe foarfe de-
lerved pardon ; fo I do moft humbly thanck your Honor for communicating y t fo
foone unto me, and efpecially for the Participation you vovichfafe to take of my
Joy and Comfort therein, which gives me afTurance of that I have always io
muche defy red. I befeech you continue to patronize my poore Credit with her
Majeftie, and inable me as you have begon, with your good Diredlions, unto
which I do and will referre, wharfoever hath bin or may be pleafing in my Ser-
vice.

I fent your Honor lately Copies of my Letter to Monfieur de Villeroy, and of
his Anfwere to me ; I thought not good to leave fo, but have made * a gentle Re-
ply., and yet fuche as fliall urge him to a better Anfwere the next tyme, where-
of I fend your Honor a Copy here inclofed ; for all other matters I Inall not need
to trouble your Honor muche at this tyme, for Mr. Edmonds corns fo well in-

* V. the Letter, />. 43,

ftruded

Book II. Ncgotiaiiom in France. 45

flruilcd in all ihings that have pafTcd here, and namely, in the Points of my Nc- ytn. if'Qo.
gotiation, that I Ihoulcj but difniipoint yo'.ir Honor, and wrong him, to make any _
other Relation. This I may not omitrc to fignifie, that I have found him mod
frcndly and wilhng, not only to communicate really with mc, but to take muche
more pains U-v mc then was fit for me ro requyrc of him, infomuch as I hold my
ielfc very muchc obliged unto him; Whereof, becdule I wholly impute yt to your
Honor's Commendation, bding otherwiie of my icife a mcerStraungcr unto him ;
I humbly befccch your Holiot to take knowledge thereof, and let him fee that
yt is grarefnil unto you.

I bclccch you, Sir, to be afTurcd, that I had no pui-pofe any Way to challenge
you of any omiflion, in that I was not adVertifcd of the Nevves of Ireland which
the King told me; for I had even the lame conccyre of yt, which I find now to
be trcw, that the Ambafflidor had taken up the Newes there at the Exchan'-^c: bur
dc bene e(fc, I made that Aniwere 1 wrote of I bel'eeche you thincke, that I Ihall
take all you wryte me to be of favor, and what you write not, to be forbornd up-
on good rcfpedts.

This Day were the Obfcquies of the King of Spa'ine performed, and whcreun-
to I was invited, but exculed my felfe^ That I was very willing to do the King
any Honor, but this Adion being deffcigned wholly to the Honor of the King of
Spaine^ who dyed not in Amitie, but rather in Hoftillitic with her Majeftie, and
his Son continuing in the fame Termes, yt would very evill befeeme me to be
Partaker of yt, and belydes my Prefence would but trouble the Feafl; for I
thought the Spanijhe Ambajfador would infill upon his Mafter's Tlace and Ho-
7wr, and fo would I upon X.\\e§tieen"s my Miflrefles ; which might eafily produce
Ef?ed:s that would not be pleahng to this King, elpecially at fuche a tyme. My
Excufes were well taken, and I was offered a private Place to fee the Solemnity
yf I would ; I accepted y t for the Gentlemen of my Company, but indeed I
went alfo dilguifed my felfe, and repented me of my paines, having never feene a
poorer thing. The young Prince of Conde-, the Duke Monpenjier-, and the Duke
of Nevers, were the Mourners.

The Bijk'op of Glafcow-, AmbafTador of Scotland^ was lately to vifit me, to-
gether with another that beares the Title oi Mafier of Reqnejis, who is fent to
afTift him. The Lord of Hume is yet in thefe Parts, and for any thing I can
learne makes no great hade into Italie ; which fliould argue that * my Lord of
Weemes Intelligence is not well founded; yet I thought yt my Duty to wryte
y t, being of that nature, and to name my Author-, upon whofe Credit I muft lay
yt, yf yt prove otherwife.

Here are diverfe Englijhe Gentlemen that feeme weary of theire Exile and e-
vill Entertainment among the Spaniards, who feeke to have accejfe unto me. A-
mong the reft here is Charles Taget and one Mx.TreJham, who was fome tyme
a Gentleman Penfioner. I befeeche your Honor dired me, whether I fliall give
accede unto them to make any ufe of them, or how I ihall governe my felfe to-
wards them. And fo referring the Report of all other Particularities here unto
this Bearer Mx. Edmonds t I moft humbly take my leave,

\ Tour Honor' Sy 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE,

Sir Htnry Nevill'i Letter to the Secretary of the i6th of May.

N Mr.

Sir Henry Neville Book II.

Mr, Secretary Cecyll to Str Henry Neville.

SIR, From the Court at Greenwich, 9^ ]nne 1^99-

I Have now receaved your Letter of the 30* of May, whereby appeareth the
Continuation of your difcreet Proceedings, with which her Majeftie hathe
bin throughly informed even by reading as well your ^Propojition, as all the An-
fweres. All which was fit for me to fliew, unlefs I fliould have don you appa-
rent Wrong, for I know not how the JVit of Man could have anfwered better.
Her Majeftie hathe fent fox t\\t Frenche Ambaflador, and means to take notice
of the finall Satisfadioa which is given her ; and will fo cary her felfe, as that yt
iliall appeare, that your Induftry proceedeth not from youre owne particular Spy-
rite, but that you are bothe well warranted, and well quickned, from hence.
Within thefe two Dayes t\\QJmba(fador hathe ditiyrcA Audience, and as I learne
y t is to kn-ytt up thofe Articles which were accorded here betwene us concerning
^Depredations ; a matter which we Ihall hardly make any ufe of, yf we do not
by that meanes ejiablijhe the Treaty of Blois ; in which there be dy verfe things
you knowe will prove beneficiall for herj Majeftie's Marchants; as namely, the
Rejlitution of that point of the "DroiSi d'Aubene, which by that Treaty was
graunted her Majeftie's Subjects ; befydes divers other things concerning our Mar-
chants Trade for Cloathe, in which (if you remember) they were very fickle be-
fore your Departure. Yt jliall be therefore very convenient that you do through-
ly uiforme your felfe (if that Treaty be renewed) what will be fitt for us to re-
qayre, and what in your opinion may be likely to be obtayned; with which
InJiruBion I thinck Mr. Edmonds may do well to come over.

I had determined to have forborne to have made you any other Anfwere, until!
we had heard what the Ambaffador would propound; but becaule I would rather
wryte fomewhat, then by tarying to wryte all, wryte nothing, in a tyme when
fo mcLny Bruits fly over, whereof you could be content to heare Certainties; I
have thought yt not amiffe by this Bearer to wryte fomething of jotir particular
fyrft, which is Ihortly this : That yf any other Ambaffador follow the King, her
Majeftie would have you do fo too, efpecially yf he go no further than the parts
of Blois ; and yf none of them do, then dothe her Majeftie requyre you to con-
lyder how this matter of the Mony may be dealt in, when the King is fb farre
abient, and whether any liiche provifional Order may be left by him with his
Financiers, or any Commiffioners, that your tarying behind him, or his own Ab-
fence from them, may not ferve for an Excule, and an Evafan, to IJDend the
tyme in talke, and do nothing.

For your Requeft to be allowed as other Ambaftadors have bin of thefe Extra-
ordinaries-^ w\\2iX.{QtvtxTrefident csLVi. be found that doth concurre with yours in
Circumftances, you may be aftiired fliall no way be denied you.

Of the Matters of Ireland I fend you a Memoriall, which is as much as we
do know ; ufe you then the truthe as you fliall fee caufe, when you know yt.
Yf you be any further interrogated in the matter of Teace, know this alio to be
trew, (but ufe ytfor your beft Advantage) that fince you went out of England
we have not yet hard any other matter, then that all fliould be deferred till the
Cardinall's coming down, and that Coomans that was imployed in yt, was fent
from the Cardinall at Bruxells, to informe the King of Spaine (yf yt were pof-
fible before the Archduke fliould come away) of the Dijfculties of the Army,
^nA'Difcontentment of the Provinces; with this pretence, that when the King
of Spaine fliould be truely informed, yt would quicken his Dilpofition towards
the Peace. But, Sir, yf you obferve how hotly they beganne, and now how
apt they are to Delays (though trew yt is they had but cold Comfort from us)
yt makes me thinck that y t will prove Pat^turiunt montes, fed bac tibi foli.
AnB thus I committ you to God.

The Cardinall's Army is removed from Bomell without any hope to prevaile.

Yf

Book II. Negotiation in France. ^7

Yf you chance to hcarc any flying Talc, that my Lord Gray fliould be commit- An 1590
ted in Ireland^ the Accident was only this : TJiat he being only a Collonel of v^^-y--^
Horfc, and my Lord oi Southampton Gcncrall, he did charge "jvithout 'Btre-
&ion; and fo ioi Order fake^ was only committed to the Mar/hall onQ Ni^ht.

Tour very ajfured Friend^

RO. CECYLL.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarisy is'^Jmteis<)9. O.S.

YT may pleafc you to remember, that at one of the lad tymes I way ted upon
you, I defyred to underfland as muche of her MajcHic's ge/zera/ Jjitentiofis
as flie would be pleafed to thinck me worthie to be truftcd with ; to the end I
might ferve her the better in my Negotiations here, by directing them in parti-
cular, unto thofe generall Ends which flie had propofed to her I'elfe. The Con-
veniency or rather Neceflltie of which Courfe, doth daylie more and more difco-
ver yt felfe unto me. And that I may both explain my Meaning, and the Rea-
Ibn of that 'Tropojition, I befeeche you give me leave to exemplifie yt in this
matter of the Teace with Spaine ; wherein I am bold to fay yt is very fittlfhould
underftand her Majeflie's Intention and Purpofe in generalitie, whether flie be dc-
iyrous to make Peace or nay; for yf flie be not, then will yt be fitt to enlarge
and afllire her Trade in other places as muche as may be, and namely in this
Kingdom ; y t will be fitt alio to refolve how the States of the United Tro-
■vinces fliall be inabled to fubfift, eyther by her meanes alone, or by the helpe
of others : And laftly, y t will be neceflary to draw as muche Affiftance from
hence, at lead in the Repayment of the Mony due, as may be gotten. All thefe
things are fitteft to be negotiated here, whiles matters are in fufpens ; and yf I
knew her Majeftie's Intention that way, I would not doubt but to take apt tyme,
not only to dilcover how they are affedled here, but to draw fome Offers from
them, and that tanquam aliud agens % and fb it iliould come of them, and not of
nie, which were the befl way of negotiating. I make no queflion, whatfoever
they pretend, that they are unwilling this Peace fliouId proceede, at leafte, till the
matter oiihtMarqitifat be determined ; whiles this depends therefore will be the
fitteft tyme to drawe Conditions of Advantage from them : For yf either we had
actually broken off" the Treaty, and engaged our felves into the Warre ; or yf
they were out of doubt of recovering the Marojuifat-, they would foone leave us
to our felves. I am of Opinion, that to be afliired that this Warre fliould be con-
tinued three or four Years againii Spaine, whiles they might recover themfelves
in State to ftand alone, they might be drawen, fyrjiy to repay the Queene the
Mony they owe her, by a yearly Payment of 300000 Crowues, or fome fuche
Somme : Secondly, to make any {[vcighi League dejfenfive with her, that flie
would requyre: Thirdly, to eftabliflie zfree Trade and Entercourle for her Sub-
je6ts into thefe Parts, in any reafonable forte : Fourthly, to afllft fin fecret
manner the States, as the Queene fliall thinck neceffary. All which would be
beft negotiated before they did too plainly difcover her Majeftie's Intention. On
the other fyde, Yf her Majeftie be defyrous to make a Peace, under pretence
that flic would do nothing in fo important a matter, without the Advice of her
good Brother and Allie, and without due regard unto the common Good of her
Confederats, the King's Mind might be felt how he ftands affeded to yt; what
Conditions he would advife to be infifted upon, both as towching our lelves, and
efpecially towching the States, yf they joyne in the Peace ; and yf not, then
what he would thinck fitteft to be done, eyther by theire common Authoritie to
over-rule them to accept the Peace, or otherwife, by common means to maintaine
them; and Howe fane he would engage himfelfe therein. Withall, before he know

too

&V Henry Neville Book II.

too muche of theQiieen'sMind therein, this matter of the Trade of ourMarchants,
would be eitabliflied with as great Advantage and Freedom from new Exadions,
as might be obtained in virtue of fornier Treaties or otherwife of Favor; which
is one of the cheefefl, and moft probable Fruits, her Majeftie fliall reap of her
great Charges here. And for the Money due by him to her Majeftie, fom cer-
taine Courle would be likewife urged for Repayment in tyme, (flnce ready Pay-
ment cannot be had) yf her Majeftie's Mind were underftood before-hand what
I iliould demaund or accept; for otherwife to wryte of every Particular, and ex-

Eedl the Anfwere, will but prolong the tyme till the Opportunity be paft ; eyther
y the finijhing of our Treaty with Spahie, or by his clearing the matter of the
Marqu'ifat.

As in this Particular, fo in others, I could fliow like Reafon why it fliould be
neceflary for me to underftand the generall Purpofe of her Majeftie in thofe Mat-
ters^ whereof I am to negotiate any Part or Circumftance; but I will only con-
clude that Point with this, That 1 being taken into the Worke, and having a part
of the Building committed unto me, yf I be not acquainted with the Architect's
DefTeign and Plott of the whole, I may the fooner miffe of the Proportion and
Uniformitie that were fitt. This I have made bold to wryte unto your Honor
now at a tyme of leiflire, when I had no great matter to trouble you with ; and
fynding this Meflenger otherwife ready to depart, it may pleafe you to confider
of y t as you fee caufe ; and howfoever you judge otherwile, I befeeche you to
excLife my Boldnes.

The King is now at Orleans, gon thither of purpofe, as yt is faid, to eftabliilie
Monfieur d'Entragues in that Gouvernment; yt feems thereby that the. Co?nJ>o-
fitlon is already made about his T>ajighter, and that this is the fyrft Effect of yt.
The Voyage o[Blois is yet very uncertaine, I havefent one of purpofe to the
Court to bring me as much certainty, bothe of that and other matters, as he can
learne. I wrote alio to the T)uke of Bouillon^ praying him to deale privately
with the King about her Majeftie's Mony ; and likewile to Monfieur deVilleroy,
to know when the Kings (Jounfail will repayre unto the Court, and where the
King will fettle, that I might attend him to purfue the matter my fclfe.

The Court ofpar lament made an Arreft upon Satterday laft, to fufpend the
Execution of the King's EdiB in favor of the Relligion, till thofe ofRochellhad
receavedtheA/(2/^. They of the Relligion beyond Loyre, make Ibm difficulty
likewife to accept yt, pretending that yt is minced, and J^ared, fmce it was fyrft:
accorded at Nantes. In flimme, I perceave there is great Animofitie on bothe
fydes, and yt feems they are not yet growen wife by theire long Miieries, efpe-
cizWj xhe^PofiJhe Jyde, who cannot diftemble theire Hatred.

Since my coming hither, the IDeputies of the Ajfemblie at Chaftelraut have
bin long in this Towne, but never offi-ed any Communication with me, not fb
muche as an ordinary Vifitarion ; and for my part I thought yt not fitt to offer
yt them. TheDuke of Bouillon likewife hath ieemed to avoid me as yt were of
purpofe, infomuche as he difappointed two Aflignations he had geeven me of
meeting at his own Lodging, and one at mine; belydes his putting me off at the
Court ; all which I gueffe he hath don, fearing the King might conceave fom Jea-
loufie of his Communication with me But by this means, he and I never raett,
but upon the High-way hev^eneT^aris and Fount ainb lean. I did therefore wryte
unto him the rather, to dilcover more throughly what Affection he beares her
Majeftie, and what Foundation I might make of him.

Towching the Prince of Conde, I lufped: the matter ftands not with him as
your Honor feemed to conceave. Yt is a common Willie here that the King would
marry, to have Children, to take away all Scruples; which argueth that there is
a Scruple made ; befydes I heare that the Trince of Conty refuied to aftift at the
King of Sp nine's Funeralls, becaufe he would not give the oihexf lace. The King
himfelfe likewife hathe of late made no great Demonftration towards him. For
bothe thefe refpedts I judge the State of France in a miferable cafe, yf God call
this King, for yt feems there is a farther Judgment hanging upon them.

There

Book II. Negotiation in France. 49

There is no ccrtainc Advcrcifcmcnt yet come of the Archduke's Imbarkcmcnt, j/lii.j^<)<^.
©nly yt comes confirmed Irom many places that he was to imbarke the f^ii of
this Moncrh, and was cxpedkd at Milan the i^''\ Tlie Proviflons arc already
made in Bmgandy for the Troupes which came downc with him, but he hin>
felfe is thought will take the way of ?/><?/, for the Commoditie of the Coaches.
Yt is delivered here from good Hands, that the King of Spaine'% AJJignation un-
to the Archduke^ is of x^oooo Crownes a Moncth ; for the Main»:enancc of the
Warres till the end oi'Decemher next. Many conjedurc, that x.\\<^ Archduke is
in the meane tyme to afllire his EJiate, cyther by Teace, or Succefs in Warre;
and that the King of Spa'tiie will not charge himlclfe any further with the De-
fence of thoi'e Countries. But in my poor Opinion, Spaine hathc referred tod
great an Intereft in them, and too great ^.ToJfibUit'ie oi revert irg, to abandon
the care of them ib fbone, and {o lightly.

I * underftand, that there is a great Breache growcn bctwene the Tcpe^ and the
Conftable oi Cafiile Governor oi Milan, for incroaching upr.n iht A?xhbiJI)op's
Jurildidion there; and that the Pope hathe peribnally cited the Governcr to ap-
pcare at Rome about yt.

Otwell Smythe a Marcbant refyding at Roiien, well known as I fuppofe rd
your Honor, was lately xtKantes : Where I gave him Inftrildlions to learne what
he could of the Spanijhe Preparations; and likewife of the Corrie already carryed,
or intended to be czxr^t^'mlo Spaine. For the fyrft, he faith, he fpake with a
/V^'wr/^^Marchant very lately com out oi Spaine, who had travailed 1 50 Leagued
along theCoaft there : Who affirmeth, that the Preparations are to the number of
15:0 Sayle of Ships, whereof 12 Galleons, bctwerie 8 and 900 Tuns ajjeece; that
the common Speeche iSj That after they have fought with the Hollanders and
beaten them, (whereof they make no dowbt) they are to go preient'y for Ire-
land. This Advertiferaent, althoughe I fee no realbn to creditt, yet I thought
not good altogether to contemne yt, and thereupon went this Day to Monfleur
de Believre ; who aflures me, he nether underftands, nor beleives any fuche thing;
and that the King is advertized altogether otherwife: That yt is thought rather,
they will not dare to meet the Hollanders -^ for befydes the Galleons, all the reft
are Shipps of fmall Burthen and Strength, being taken np as he could get them;
and the moil: of them /r^'^r^^' Shipps, whereof he told me there were not able
above five to rendre any Fyght. For the matter 0I Come, they do lykewife va-
ry ; Otwell Smythe affirming by his Intelligence, that there is iuche Plenty
brought thither, as yt beares no Price ; and the other maintaining that there is
exceeding Scarcity there.

Whiles I was with Monfieur de Believre this Day, there came in the Tope's
Nuncio Bijhop of Modena, betwene whom and me there pafled no manner of"
Complements ; but by that occafion I brake off with Monfieur de Believre fooner
then I would ; only he promifed me, that yf he receaved any further Advertize-
ments of thofe Points we had talked of, he would forthwith accj laint me with
yt, or any thing els that might coneerne the Queene my MiftrefTe ; acknow-
ledging the King's great Obligation to her, and the common Intereft that each
had in the other's well doing. Of the Seige of Bomell he told me alTuredly yt
was withdrawn, but told me they had receaved but very little Cerrayntie from
thence of late. He faid further^ he had receaved this Day Advertifements, that
the German Princes were entred with Forces into Cleves, with a purpofe to dif-
lodge the Spanijhe Garrifons that were left there.

I fend your Honor here inclofed, a Letter receaved lately from Mr. Lock. Mr.
Edmonds I fuppofe hath advertifed you of the Stay of Monfieur le Grand's Jour-
ney, and that Monfieur le Motte Fenelon was appointed for that Service ; fince, I
heare he lykewife excufeth himfelfe, by reafon of his Age and Weaknefs; but
thereof I fliall learne more at the returne of him I fent to the Court. I fend your
Honor lykewife herewith, two Letters I receaved from Charles Tagett and Tre~

Lettns d'Ojfat, Vol. l. f. 376. _

O ^Mm^

go Sir Henry Neville Book II.

An. !$<)<). flyam, which I could not well avoid to receave; yt may pleafe your Honor ey-
'w^'^V"'^^ ther to take knowledge of them, or fupprefs them, as you pleafe.

Towching the ioooo Crowns, I doubt not but Islix. Edmonds hath advertized
you what theire Anfwere is, viz. That yt fhall be ready, whenfoever the Bonds
be fent over hither. I am in hope very fliortly to hear from your Honor how I
iliall further proceed in the matters I have written of And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's., See.

HENRY NEVILLE.

iS/r Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris., ri^'^June i^^^. O. S.M-:

TH I S Bearer Coombes offering himfelfe fo opportunely unto me, thoughe I
were not fully ready for a ^ijpatche, yet I would not let him pafle with-
out a word or two, to let your Honor underftand that I have receaved your Let-
ter of the 9* of this Moneth, the Anfwere whereof I referre till the coming of
jour "Difpatche which you promife therein, for my full 'DireBion in thofe mat-
ters I have written of The King came to this Town upon Sunday lafte, and go-
eth not away till Satterday ox Monday ; I have made meanes to have accejfe unto
him, but I have yet no Anfwere, and I feare I fhall Icarce obtaine yt, becaufe he
is here only for his Pleafure. He dyned the firfl Day he came at Monfieur d'En-
trague's Houfe, and this Day he teafts all that Company at the Tuillieries. I
have fought to fpeake with Monfieur Villeroy, but he hathe fliunned me as yt
feemes of purpofe; for yefterday after I fent him word of my coming, he went
to his Houfe at Confians within a League of this Towne, where he pretends to
take Phyfick, and will give Accejfe to no Man. But I have wrytten to him, to
put him in mynd, that this were a very fitt time to begin to conmlt of giving me
Satisfaction in the matter I have propofed, feeing the King is in the Towne, and
the Principall of the Counfail about him, and namely, thole of the Finances,
With whom he muft cheefly advife in a matter of that Quality. At leafl I pray-
ed them, yf theire leylure ferved them not to confult of yt now, to take order
to make all Searches and Verifications that were requifite ; that when I came to
treate with the King's Cotmfail of that hereafter, I may not be put off upon any
iuche matter, that can be difpatched no where but here. I will fend agayne to
morrow unto him, and yf I can by any meanes, I will Ipeake with him my
felfe.

The King's Jorney to Blois is now refblved, and he appoints fo be there upon
the fyrft or lecond of July, where I purpofe alfo to meet him ; and hope in this
meane tyme to receave your Honor's full Direction how I iliall proceed in all
things, and namely, towching the Contents of my laft Letter fent by Teter
Brown.

I heare tht Archduke and the Infanta are arrived in Italy; and yt is thought
he will make more hafte then he fyrft intended, being thereunto provoked by
many Meflages from the Low-Countries, which feeme to need his Trefence ve-
ry muche : By reafon of the great T)ijfenfion among x\\t principal Commaunders
theire, and the T)ifcontentment of the Spaniards ; who returne daylie homeward
throughe France in greate numbers, laying, they will lerve no Man but theire
King.

The Tlague is exceeding great in Spaine, not only InLisbone, which is whol-
ly defolated by yt, but in many other Parts of Spaine, as namely mArragon and
Catalogna. Yt is commonly believed here, and that by the Kin^s Counfail, that
the Spaniards are not able to ifTue out to fyght with the States Navie, but keepe
theire Fleet within the Harbour of Ferrol, and other Places, where they have
fortifyed themfelves.

By

Book II. Negotiation in France. 5 j

By my next, your Honor /liall undcrfland fome Matters of Imfoj'tancc. In An. ijp
the mean tymc, bcfccching your Honor I may be informed what Cuftomes and
Jmp')fitions have bin raifcd upon Forrcigne Marchants in Eiigland-^ and namely
upon the Frenches /Incc the Vcarc 15-71 : Or what Rejlraints have bin made for
bringing thither the Commodities of /'/6/> Countrey ; which wiJl be materiall for
me to know, when I ihall Treat with the Conn fail heere ; I humbJy take my
Leave.

Tour Honor's^ &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, Taris x/* June i5'99. O. S.

I Have heretofore fignified unto your Honor, that Charles "Paget, and one
Trejham, had defyred AccefTe unto me, and I have fent you a Letter from
"I'aget unto mc, and from th'other unto your Honor, whereby you may per-
ceave what theire Defyre is. I have fought fuice, to informemy felfe, as much
as I might, concerning their Cariadge in former tymes, and the caufe of theire
recyring hither; and I fynd that there hathe growen^r^(2^ T)iJfenfion, betweene
our 'Phpifts abroad, and that they have bin divided into two^ Facfions, the one
depending upon the Jefiiites, wherof Parfons is now the Head, whofe Courfes
have bin violent to feeke and willie the overthrowe of the prefent Eftate, by
Conqneji, or any other meanes ; the other confifting chiefly of the Laymen and
Gentlemen \\'h\ch are abroad, whereof Charles Paget h^xh bin theChiefe-, who
could not be brought, as they pretend, to confent, or concurre, to the Invafon
and Conqneji of our Kingdom by a For aine Prince. This T>iviJion beganne a-
Tnongfi them, foon after the 'Death of the ^eene of Scotts, u]^on whom they
did all concurre whiles Jhe lived; but flncener Death, could never agree upon
any one Courfe, eyther of Conqtieft or pro^ofed Title. And this Contention
hath proceeded unto great Hear between them, infomuche as eyther Syde hathe
laboured to fupplant and difgrace the other; but efpecially of Late, fmce the Ti-
tle of the Infanta of Spaine hath bin fett on foote, according to the Books writ-
ten by Parfons under one "Doleman's Name. For the Jejiiite's Syde promoting
that Title by all meanes, and taking a violent Cottrfe to urge all Engliflimen ey-
ther in Spaine, or Rome, or where els they may prevayl with them, to fiibfcribe
t hereunto ; Paget and his Syde have direlily oppofed themfelves, both by Word
and IVryting, as I am informed ; and they are lb devided thereupon, as there is
an extreme Hatred growen betwene them : Infomuche, as thefe Men do openly
inveigh againft Parfons and his Adherents, as Men feditious and factious, fiill of
Treacherie, and without Confcience. And being queftioned with, by fuche as I
appointed to conferr with them, to know, what Service they would, or could
do to her Majeftie, to cancell theire former Fatilts ; They propofe this as the
Cheife and Principall, that they fhall be able fo to difcover thef TraBizes, and
decipher not only to her Majeftie, but to the Papifts of England, (who now
throughe Ignorance of theire Intentions, beleeve too muche upon them,) asfliould
worke a general Diflike and Deteftation of them, and take away that Credit
which now they have, and dayly imploy, to the Daunger of Her Majeftie's
Eftate. Being urged to give fom prefent Taft of theire loyall Affection to her
Majeftie, which they fo greatly pretend, thereby the better to incline her Ma-
jeftie to fom Compaffion or Regard of them; they only difcover thus muche in
generallitie, that there are great Numbers of Jefuites and Priefts now in Eng-
land, and one of them fayeth, at the leaf 600, which have theire Dyet and
Maintenance in certaine Houfes by turnes. Theire ordinary way of repayre
thither, is throughe Scotland, and lb into t\\Q Northe Parts. They alfo accufe
fom Officers of the Ports^ and namely, thofe of Gravefend, for fuffering too

free

52 Sir Henry Neville Book II.

^n. IS99- free PafTage out of England; whence there com dayIy_)'(??/?/g Men over, which
~ ~ ' are prefently conveyed to the Colleges at T)ou:ay, or Romey and from thence
fom of them againft theire Wills, into Spaine ; and many forced to frofejfe
thewfelves of Ibm Order or other, when they meant yt not. They alfo thinck,
that 'Jhis Suhfcr'tption beforementioned, is laboured in England, by thofe Je-
fuites and Triejls that are there. But being prefied to ibm more particular
Difcovery, theire Anfwere is, they will referve that, till they fee what Hope
there is of obrayning theire Suit: And Taget fayeth, he had almoft bin undone
by fome Advertifements he wrote over out of the Low Countries, which makes
. him very wary not to bereave himfelfe of all meanes of living on this Syde the
Sea with Safety, till he may be aflured of a fafe Retreate there.

There is alio in this Towne, one * Cecill a Trie]!, who profeflerh the fame
intention and defyre with them; and the like they aflirme to be in almoft all the
Englijhe Gentlemen in the Low Countries, except Sir William Stanley, and
Owen, and fom 3 or 4 more.

All this I thought fit to advertife, and althoughe I am not worthie, nor intend
to prefume to give any Advife in the matter, yet I will be bold to propofe unto
your Honor's Confideration, thefe three Points. Fyrft, whither yt may not ad-
vantage her Majeftie's Affaires, and be without prejudice to her ; by retyring of
two or three of them, to make tryall of theire true Meaning, and of the Service
they are able to do her Majeftie, that way which they pretend, or otherv.'ile by
any Difcoverie ; confidering, that when they are drawen home, they will be en-
gaged and enforced to keepe their Creditt there, and will not dare to double with
you, for here will be no place for them. And I fee there are in this Country,
none more forward in obfervance to this King, then fuche as had moft to do with
Spaine during the League, having made themfelves irreconcileable, as they
conceave, unto that Syde ; which reafon may lykewife prevaile in thefe Fugi-
tives of ours. Secondly, whether yt be not convenient, that fuche T'reijis or
notorious Reculants as lliall be hereafter apprehended, be feverely examined,
whether they have not foUicited others, or bin follicited themfelves, to fub-
fcribe to that Title of the Infanta. And laftly, whether yt will not be fit, when
you iliall come to treat with the Archduke, to infifl upon an Article, of the In-
fantds Refignation of any pretended Title ; according to the Example pradbifed
in the f Treaty with the Scottijhe G^ueene, in the beginning of her Majeftie's
Reigne. Which yf ihe refiife, will more difcover the Certaintie of thefe Infor-
mations, and yf Ihe ajfenfanzo yt, will bothe diftblve the Plott intended, and
give SatisfaBion to fome who have taken too hot an Allarme ofyt, and to pre-
vent yt, have almoji precipitated themfelves into daungerous Counfails both to
themfelves and us \ I meanef. i5'o. The King <?/* Scotland, whereof I Jhall be
able to certife you more, e're yt be long.

Howfbever her Majeftie refolveth of the reft, I beleechc your Honor to di-
red: me how I fliall carry my felfe towards thefe Men ; for I perceave they will
continue to leeke to have Accefs unto me, and will looke at length for fom other
Anlvvere then I have hithertoo given them, which hath bin only dillatory, that
in the meane tyme I myght underftand her Majeftie's full pleafure. For Tre/ham,
I was bold after I had leene his Letter, to fend yt to your Honor, becaule he had
not offended in fo deepe a degree, as fome others, to my knowledge; and with-
all, feemes to marche with leffe cunning then the reft, and to ftand upon no
Conditions but of humble Submifllon and Pardon.

X I have bin acquainted with a jy. dwufrmshmfd negociation of the Lord
of q, crauntti Oglebye, from f i^o. the King of Scotland x. erdo with
c 100 the King of S'^dXne, in the Teare 1596. There are Points oi great im-
portajice contayned in yt. And yf your Honor have not feene yt, I thinck t
jhall be able to procure a Copy ofyt.

* This is the fame Perfon mentioned before in Ogleby's Negotiation.

t This Treaty is publidied at large in Rymer's Fcedera, Vol. 15. pag. JI3, vc

% This Negotiation is printed before at large, />. i, z^c, ■

I hum-

Book II. Negotiation in i 'ranee. 55

I humbly tlianck your Honor for your promile of tavor, yf I fliould be occa- An. I5'99.
fioiiccl to ibllovv the King to Lions; yt would be a very extraordinary Charge,
and iucli as no AnibafTador hath had Hncc the Qiiccn's tymc, and therefore I
rrufl will fynd feme Confidcration. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honors^ 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville lo Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

R{^ht Honorable, Taris %c)'-^Jime 15-99. O. S.

I Send your Honor herewith, a Copy of the i^/^;;?(jr/W/ delivered to the ToJjc
on the Part of this King, towching the Marqiiifat of Saliices ; I am put in
hope of that which was prelented lykewife of the Duke of Savoy's Part. That
matter is now almofl dead in Spceche here, thefe Men making themfelves in a
manner iiire, that yt will be adjudged and dehvered them, in the end of the
Terme limited. But I had Conference lately with r.i6x. Monfimr de Bellci'vre.,
who concurred in Opinion with me, that yt was of fo gfeat Importance to the
AfKiires of Spame in Italie, that yt was nor likely to be fo lightly paffed over.
Surely, yf the T>uk.s fct a good Face upon yr, this King will Imger the Matter,
rather then attempt any thing by open force ; for yt is both contrary to his own
humor, and the Counfail of fuche as mod governe him, to interrupt his Peace
and Pleafure.

At that Conference, r. i6z. Monjietir de Belleivre entred into a large and feri-
ous Difcourfc to me, -'■ how necefTary yt was, both for a 100. "the ^leen,
" Z.ubp. and 6. ixo. The French King, that they fliouId continue united in
" Amitie and common Interefts, and efpecially in the Maintenance of a. ixo.
" TheVnited Trovinces', for that otherwyfe, being abandoned, they mufl: needs
" fall into the Hands of c.ioo. the King o/'Spaine, which could not but prove
" iniliort tyme exceeding dangerous. I anfwered, that ^.100. the §hieene had
" alone fuftained thefe many Yeares, the brunt of their Defence, and of the Im-
" peaching of the ambitious Defigns of the King of Staines and that this Ho-
' ' nor could not be denied her, that jhe alone had bin the Buckler of Chrijien-
" dom againft his intended Monarchie; but that flie might now very well chal-
" lenge Ibm libertie of eafe and reft unto her felfe, and put over the Burden to
" fom other Princes, who had refted themfelves, and fathered reft and visot
" during her travails; and by her affiftance, were now growen in State able to
" bear yt. He confefTed yt to be true, and feemed to blame theire carelefliies ;
' ' Bnt yt was not enough, he faid, to beginne well, except Jhe did continue ;
" and that otherwife, the Fruit of all that had bin don. Would be loft, at leaft,
" for the tyme to come. I laid, that in generallitie, I was fure the Counfails
" and Reiblutions of the Queen would be (as they had bin ever) JVife, and
" Honorable \ but for the particularitie, I could not anfwere what flie was re^
" folved to do ; only I thought llie would not relped: her owne good alone, but
" would have a due Regard unto the good of her Confederats, as farre forthe, as
" her Honor and Saferie would permit.

The * Mafter of Gray hath bin twife with me fince my coming hither, of
whom I muft be bold to wryre that I receaved no great Satisfaction any way ; I
take him to be hollow and ^jenall, and his owne Words feem to import no lefs ;
for he faid, He was free, and owed no RefpeB or Service to any 'Brince, fur-
ther then they fhould give him caufe. His Advertifements are furely but meane,
and he feemes to be very credulous to receave and beleive them, without any
oreat Examinations. I am lure he delivered fora unto me that were both untrew,

* Pairick Gray, This Character of him appears to be very ju!i, as the Reader may further fee, if

he compares whu Mr, Carnhde'i fays of him, in his H;ft. p. 500. And Arthur Wllfan, in his Life of King
James, p, 688, 680. n\?io<^ oi En'J and, Vol.i,

P and

54 Sir Henry Nevill*^ Book II

Jpi. IS99- and utterly improbable. If your Honor intertaine any Intelligence with him, you
lliall better difcover him then I ; but for any thing I have feen in him, I would
not thinck him a Man worthie to loofe muche upon.

Th' ^rreft of this Court of Parlament, to ftay the Execution of the Ed^^,
(whereof I wrote to your Honor in my Letter by Teter Bro-wne) is faid not to
have bin difinitively pronounced, but only refolved upon, and fince flayed by
the King's Authoritie. But I beleivc rather the former Report, bccaufe when I
ufed fome meanes to the Greffier to have a Copy of the Arrejl, he did not deny
that there was any fuche, but faid he durft not give any Copy of yt.

I wrote unto Monfieuv de I^ilkroy-, as I figniHed unto your Honor, and like-
wife unto the Duke of BouiUdn, when the King was at Orleans. I receaved
good general Words from Monfieur de Vllleroy, that he would imploy his bed
meanes and credit, to procure the Queene's Majeftie Contentment, when the
Counfail fliould be afTembled about the King. From the Duke of BoiiiUbn I re-
ceaved this Anlwere, that he had imparted my Letter to the King, who had an-
fwered, that his Eftate was very needy, but that he would ftrayne himfelfe to
formount all difficulties to give her ibme Contentment. The Duke is fmce gon
to the Bathes of Togues, and is not to returne this Moneth or fix Weekes.

In perufing the Copies of the King's Bonds and Contrails, I fynd there is a
Bond for 20000/. for the inteftaynment of the iooo Souldiers in 'Ticardy., for fix
Moneths, and after thofe fix Moneths, I find by the Contrail, that the King
was to pay them; But I underftand, that they continued here ncre 18 Moneths,
and at the Queen's Charge all the while ; fb that I am to demaund, yf yt be ib, al-
moft 40000/. more: I befeech your Honor therefore, let me be perfedlly in-
formed how long they flay'd, and howe muche her Majeflie's Charge amounted
to, for theire whole intertainement ; and likewile towching the Charge of the
Forces fent over with ray Lord Willouhie, and the 20000/. difburfed by Sir Ho-
ratio Tallavktni, for the levying of the German Army, in the Year 1588 ; and
the 30000/. lent in the Year ifS/. I humbly pray to have fome Verification
attefled under your Honor's Hand, for I hope, that 'uvith importunity, I fliall
at laft extort Ibm reafon from theie Men; and the more I am able to charge
them with, the greater prefent or yearly iatisfailion, they muft in reafon offer.

The King is yet in this Towne, but to, morrow purpofeth to go towards
Monceanx, firom thence to Fonntainebleau, and fo to Orleans, where his
Counfail are appointed to meet him. But whither he will fettle there, or go to
Blois, is not yet certain, for he chaungeth his Determination every Day. 1 ul-
ed what means I could, hoxhhy M.Vi Her oy, and otherwife, to have had ^//(^i-
ence, but could not obtaine yt, nor any of th' other Ambafladors; the King pre-
tending, that he came hither privately, to pafTe his tymemeerly, and would not
therefore be troubled with Affaires. But I wrote unto M. de Villeroy as I figni-
fied in my lafl, and fpake with him afterwards at his Houfe at Conflans, to the
lame effed: ; but he intreated me to have Patience till the King came to Blois or
Orleans, geving me very goo.d comfort, that fomwhat would be don there for
her Majeflie's Contentment.

We had fom Speeche of the Peace with Spaine, wherin I afTured him " I knew
" no more then I had already communicated unto the King, and him. I put
" him in mynd of the Promiles the King had made to her Majeftie by Mr. Ed-
" monds, foone after your Honor's returne out of thefe Parts; and. told him, I
"I thought which way ibever her Majeftie refolved in the Matter, ilie would
" not forget to claime and embrace thofe kynd offers of the King's towards her.
" He faid, I might boldly aflure her Majeftie, the King would perfourme what-
fbever he had offred, and would ever make a Difference betwene her Frend-
" fliip, and any other Prince's in the World. I faid the King had made very
" goodTryall of the Difference of the Queen's Intentions, and thofe of other
" Princes, and therefore I did not dowbt, but he would difcerne and efteeme of
" theire Frendlliip accordingly. We fpake likewife of the Matter of our Mar-
" chants, and fetling of a good entercourfe betwene us; wherein he affured me I

" fhould

Book II. Negotiation in France. 5^^

" flioiild find the King as forward, as T wonld dciyrc." Your Honor fccth how An. 1^99-
they are nozv difpofcd^ yt m/iy be they '-ji-ill jiot al'-ji'ays be Jo, for 1 do not alto- ^■■
get her impute it to good Nature in thorn ; but I thinck her Majeftie may now
make fom good Ufc ofchcm, yf flic be Jo pleaied.

Towelling the States Navie^ Monncur de Villeroy had rcccavcd no IritcUi-
gcncc at all, what they did, or where they were; Buc on rhc other fydc he af^
iiircd mc, there was no Preparation to encounter rhcm at Sea. Of the Arch-
duke s Arry val in Italy, there is this only of certainty, that he is paffed by Mar-
fcilles; for i'o muchc the 'Duke oiGniJe hath delivered, who came hither in Poft
fincc his PafTagc, but further Monfieur de Villeroy hath not undcrflood; yet
there be particular Men, that pretend to have Letters of yt out o( Italy e.

The Y>i\kc oi' Mantfhi is lately arrived at the Spaiv, which is thought to be
but a 'Pretext of his coining, and that the true Caulc is to take the Charge of the
Army at the Archduke's, Returne. Yet I hcarc that the Marquis oi Burgau-, the
Cardinall Avdreas Brother, is likcwile com downe, and as yt is conjcd:urcd, for
the (amc purpofc. The Sj?anifhe Comraaundcrs have bin at fom DifTcnfion a-
mong theralclves, infomuche as la Berlotte was committed Prilbner for two
Dayes, but is fince delivered, and retyred to a Houl'e he hath near Brnjfells.
The ordinary Advcrtifements hither do import, that the Spavijloe Army is in
great want of all things neccflary, but efpecially of Relblution, what to do, or
attempt.

There was a Letter lately imparted unto me which came from Collogn, where-
in, touching the Attempt of the German Princes, there are thcfc Words: Les
Jefiiites efpcrent que ces chcfes de Allemaigne ne fcront rien, i"nais Jefpere le
contraire, & que les Circles venans a faillir, wig Mitre priiice Alleman fera a
la main, foiirveu des moy ens pour prendre a Joy tous Jes gens de guerre, ^ J aire
ce qui emporte. Som guefTe yt is ment by the Lantgrave oi Hejfe. The fame
Letter makes mention, thitths. Spaniards have voluntarilie retyred their Garni-
fons out of Rhees, Rhinberg, and Guiieux, rhiucking thereby to appeafe the
Germans, which are not fo contented, but ftand upon three other Points. Fyrfl,
That they may be afTured that the like Injolency fliall be no more committed.
Secondly,. That Recompence be made for the Dommage which the Subjedts of
the Empire have luflained. Thirdly, That forafmuche as for want of Satisfa-
ction in tyme, the Princes have bin inforced both to alTemble often, and finally
to take Armes, they may be rembourfed of fuche Charges, as they have fuftayn-
ed for that Caufe.

The Voiage of Monfieur de la Motte Fenelon into Spaine \s now concluded at
lafl, and accepted by him, and he is to depart within 8 or lo Days. I have ioUi-
cited Monfieur de Villeroy towching Mr. Lock, who hath alTured me he will
perform effectually what he hath heretofore promifed your Honor by Mr. Ed-
monds. I underfland the Duke of Gleve hath lately married the Duke of Lor*
raine's Daughter.

There happ'ned upon Corpus Chrijii Day lafl: at Limoges, a matter which doth
eafilye dilcover the PaJJion and Malice yet temayning in the Popilh fyde heere,
againft the Proteftants. Certain Priefts themfelves went into the Churche in the
Night, and brake down fom Images, and (as they fay) call the Sacrament about
the Churche. In the Morning, the People aflembling, a great Exclamation was
made by the Priefts of this Outrage, and fom principall Men of the Relligion in
that Towne, charged by Name to be the Doers of y t. The People by and by
grew in Fury, and would have proceeded to the prelent Execution of them ; ta-
king Armes as I am informed for that purpofe, and the other fyde arming them-
felves likewife for theire Defence. Monfieur de Salignac, Governor of the
Towne arriving, and examining the matter, found that one of the Relligion was
charged by Name to have bin an ABor in yt, who had bin in his Company all
that Night. Whereupon fufpeding the matter, he caufed fom of the principal!
Accufers to be leverely examined, and namely one offered to depofe, that he had
ieene this Man there, whom Monfieur de Salignac knew to be abient; and

threatning

5^ Sir Henry Nevillj- Book IL

Jn. 15-99. threatuing him with fbe Torture, drew the ConfeJJion from hirh of the whole
Pradife ;^and that they had don yt, to the intent to have moved the People to a
Sedition, and to have cut the Throats of them of the Relligion. Hereupon fom
of them were apprehended, and fom fled. What Juftice will be don hereupon is
muche expeded. This Matter will be dlfguifed I am lure to your Honor by the
Frenche Ambajfador \ but this is the Truthc of yr, as I receaved yt fromMon-
fieur de Bellievre-, of whofe Sinceritie I find more caufe dayly to beleave, then
in Monfieur de Vtlleroys ; who when I was with him at Conflans, denied that
there was any fuche matter at all, and fince hath foufrht to dilguife yt to me as
muche as he could, fuppreffing all that towcheth the Priefts.

Your Honor underftandeth by Mr. Edmonds., that they require to have the
'Duke of Bouillons and Monfieur de Zancy's> Bond for the 6000/. to be fent over
hither, and that thereupon they will pay the Mony. Yt may be that yf I ob-
taine Payment of any more, they will require the like; which I fuppofe her Ma~
jeflie will not greatly ftand upon, althoughe in truthe the King be bound by Con-
trad: to pay the Mony in London. When the 6000 /. is payed, your Honor I
hope will dired me what courfc fhail be taken, for the convaying or making yt
over. Yf any greate Somme be obtayned, methincks the King might be urged to
delyver yt at IDie^e, and there fom of the Qiicene's Ships to be readie to tranf-
port yt: And yf fome of yt be in Silver, there will be no great Loffe, and per-
haps not fo muche as to make yt over by Exchange, befides the Difficultie of re-
turning any greate Somme from hence thither.

I beieeche your Honor, yf yt be pofTible, that I may have anfwere of this
and all my former Letters within i $ Dayes, for about that tyme I guefle I may
have Audience. And io, ^c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, ^^JutyiS99.

YOU may not miilike that I have not fooner anfwered your Letters, for
thoughe I knowe yt is convenient to advertife you often, yet being accom-
ptable for any Laviflinefs in Pacquets, I do not love to wryte you Anfwers,
without Anfwers, To the poynt therefore, Sir, of the Debts in which you
dealt with the King, becaufe I know not how the French Ambajfador hath re-
ported from hence the Queen's immediate Concurrency with your Expoftulation
concerning the fame, I cannot in particular further dired you ; for yt is but im-
pertinent for us to open our felves in 2i particular Demand, when we cannot
yet winne any Confent to come to any thing in t\\Q generall : So as for the mat-
ter of the Debts, your Dilpatches muft dired ours.

And now. Sir, for the T'eace, in which you defyreto know herMajeftie'sRe-
folution. Fyrft, you need not dowbt that Peace would be wellcome, io yt com
accompaigned with fafe Circumftances, which cannot be judged, till they be
knowen what will be offered or required. In which cafe, thoughe I cannot other-
wife anfwere you of her Majeftie's Purpofes, yet this can be no Errour in you,
to make them credulous, that yt is poflible we may have yt: for thele Conceits,
according to your own Opinion, will make our Reputation the greater, and facil-
Utate any of our Bufinefs with them. Neverthelefs I will fay this to you, that
all we know more then you know, is this Letter newly brought hither for to be
lent to him, which may Ihew you the great Poll in which this Matter marcheth.

And now. Sir, to make you know what we purpofe, this yt is. Fyrll, we
fee it good to joyne fafter with the French in Civ 1 1 ContraB then yet we are,
for feeing we have no Treaty in full Vigour, thefe things which we fhould re-
ceave in Gratitude from them, are yealded to us, as yf we were in theirDebt for

them.

Book II. Negotiations in France. 57

them. In the Confidcrarion of all this, wc find that oi Blots the bcft Treaty^ /In. 1599.
and that in which France is thus engaged, that /Av/^jllf. did rc-uive ^x.^ by his
Propofition and AfTcnt. Of thus nuichc I think to lend you a Preparative, al-
though we incanc here to deal fyrd w ith i\\c ylrnbajfador^ and only to propound
the reviving of that Treaty., to lee w hether he will take Exception to yt in par-
ticular, as 1 doubt not but he will.

Secondly, I doubt he will dedrc to have tho/e Articles lafi accorded infcrtcd
into the Treaty, which is not good for us ; for though wc can be content, as we
have done, by a temporary 'Proclamation to free his Shipps as we do, yet we
will not incorporate yt into the Treaty in perpetnam rei memoriam ; for indeed
our Proclamation is too liberall, for now^ may any Shipps that can buy a falfc
Flagg pafTc well inoughe, and lb the King not able to remedy our Injuries; which
would not be, yf we had infcrtcd this Condition, That they Jhould have had the
Kin^s Tajfport alio, or his AdmiraWs. In this Poynt of the Troclaniation we
have dealt with the Frenche Ambajfador^ whereof yt may be you lliall there
have underftood.

Concerning the xoooo Crownes, I fend you the original Bond, which yf they
will pay, you may receave as a Debt not any way belonging to the great Debts.
I pray you. Sir, when you have them, certifye me of the Receypte.

Out oi Ireland now we heare, that the Lord Lieutenant hath ranged the befl:
part oi Munjler with his Army, and is com back to 'Dublin., having fome Per-
ibns of that Province com in ; but the principally Titulary Earl of 'Defmond,
and divers others, remaine there as they did; and fo I fear this will be, till my
Lord hath bin in the North oi Ireland, and geven a maine Blowe, of which I
dowbt not, for he is preparing with all fpeed thither ; and fo, '^c. From the Court
at Greenwich.

Tour very loving Friend,

RO. CECYLL.

By my next you fliall learn more.

Becaufe I underftand that certain Deputies of Hamborg are going into France,
to the end that you may know how little reafon they have to complaine of us, I
have fent you our Anfwere to their Propofitions.

Refponiiim datum Dominis Oratoribus Hamburgenfibus,

24junii ijpp.

/^^ M nuper Gubernator Societdtis Mercatonm adventurariorum Anglia no-
^ bifium egerit, ut 'Domini Oratores Hamburgenfes, qui nuper in hoc Reg-
num advenerunt refponfiim habere poffent ad ea, qua ab ipfis propofita Junt,
J?ro rejlitutione frumenti, quod in Hijpaniam mijfum in mari interceptum efi :
Illuftres Domini Confiliarii quibus SereniJJima Majejias Regia hoc commifit ne-
gotium, jam ante iifdem fignificarunt , @ aliud refponfum dare non poffunt ,
quam quod frtrmentum illud, jujie confifcattim Jit ^ rejiitui nee po(fet nee de-
%eat. Nam SereniJJima Majejias Jud jamdudum eos pramonuit, ne quid tale
facerent in Jubjidium ejus, qui tarn notorium hojtem hi jus Regni Je manifefie
declararat. ^linetiam in privilegiorum diplomatibus, qua Hamburgenjes ^
reliqui eorurnoocii Hanjatici pratendunt, Jibi deberi in Regno Anglia, dijer-
tis verbis exceptum ejl non pojfe eos, quibus privilegium illud concejfum fue-
rat, Juas mercandijas deferre ad notorios hujtis Regni hojles.

^ rat ere a, cum ex antiqua compojitione quam Hanjatici habent cum Civ it ate
Londinenfi, Mercatores Guilda Hanjatica Londini rejidentes, tenentur tem-
pore hojiilitatis, unam ex portis primaria Civitatis viris & armis de fender e,
an verijimile ef, iis qui ad mutua auxilia & defenjionem tenentur, conceffdm
fuijfe ullam libertatem neutralitatis, quidvis ad hoftes deferendi ? Sic enim non
folum arcana adhojtes (quod jus civile prohibet ) deferrentur, Jed etiam auxi-

Q_ lia

58 ^ &r Henry Nevillj" Booklt

An. ^S99- ^^^ qiu fer prtvikgia debentur, ab Hanfaticis fubducerentur : & hojiis redde-
I retur inflriiEiior., ad injuriam inferendam^ ^er fubfidia m'ljfa ab lis qui pr'ivile-
gia tali a vendicant.

'Domini Hamburgenfes de prohibitione a Majejiate fua fa5fa fatis pramonitt
fiterant, tarn per lit eras Regias ad eos fcriptas, qnarn per Aldermanmtm So-
cietatis Hanfatica turn Loiidini refidentem , ne quid tale vel ipfi vel reliqni
Hanfatici prajumitent facere. At ipfi nulla amicitia Majefiatis fua cur a habi-
ta, fapius attentarunt hoftes juvare , navibus fuis onufiis frumento, @ aliis
apparatibus bellicis \§ nauticis^ prohibitis mijjls in Hijpaniam @ Lufitaniam,
tarn per mare Hibernicum, quam etiam per ipfum OceanumBritannicum. ^ta-
re fi nonnunquam intercepta fuerint ipfimet ^ prohibitionis ^ pramonitionis
Majefiatis fua ffretores^ damnorum qua Jiiftinuertmt, author es ^ caufa fue-
runt. Nam nifi a "Dominis Hambj^rgenfibus, & reliquis Hanfaticis Sociis ad-
jutus fuijfet Hifpaniarum Rex^ viBualibus ^ aliis apparatibus nauticis & bel-
licis : nunquam potuijfet alios principes adeo mole fare : ficque jamdudum bona
^ firma aliquapax toti Europa refiitui potuijfet. Verumper.ifafubfidia ab
Hamburgenfibus ^ reliquis Hanfaticis Jubminijirata., potentior ^ infruBior
faclus efi, prafertim An. T>om. i$%%. contra Regnum Anglia ^ Regnum Gal-
lia, quod fubjugare & in formam provincia redigere conatus efi : at que etiam
contra ipfampatriam vefiram Germania, ^ Trincipes ^ fiatus Imperii, quos
hofiiliter nuper tit antea alios aggrejfus efi. ^are SerenifiJma Majefias Regia
9tunqtiam potuit banc vefiram neutralitatem (lit vultis pratenderej fubveni-
endi hofit fuo tolerare : Et fperat illufirifilmos Germania principes malo fuo
nunc demum edo6ios, pro parte etiam fua inhibiturosi ne ex Germania contra
Cermaniam communis hofiis potentior reddatur.

Hue ace edit quod in hoc negotio intercept ionis frumenti de quo nunc conque-

rimiJii, cum Majefias fua pro fua dementia ^ dignitate, in animo habuerit,

fro aliqua qtiantitate pratium perfilvere, & pro reliquaportione pro hoc te?n-

J>ore talem navigationem 'uobis permittere ; Navafchi vefiri non folum admo-

dum contumeliose recefferunt, fed etiam fecum nonmillos fubditos abduxerunt,

qui in hofiium potefiate reliSii funt. ^a nova injuria non meretur aliquapi

benevolentiam, fed potius ut prior es prohibit iones feverius in vos deinceps re-

firingentur, ^ executioni mandentur, prout fadiurn efi. Neque exifiimamus

nudis precibus veftris Sereniffimam Majefiatem Regiam perduci pojfe ad id

concedendum, quod vos cum Regni fu prajudicio ^ periculo petit is.

Neque hie modus procedendi-, tempore belli ^ necefiltatis, debet cuiquam ve-
firum videri novus, cum ejus plurima exempla fimilia in Germania & Regioni-
bus vefiris feptentrionalibus proferri pojfunt.

Anno 1 5" 5" 8. occupata per Mofchum civitate Nerva, Lubecenfes nihilominus
eh cum mercibus navigarunt, non intuentes quod ea civitas ejfet Hanfatica, &
ab Imperio in fubje^ionem alterius principis avulfa @ redatla. Conquefii de
eo funt magifier, ^ fiatus Livonia apud Ferdinandum Celebris memoria Impe-
ratorem, quo d tali import atione omnis generis mercium, commeatuum, armorum
& munitionum belUcarum, adverfus fe totamque Livoniam Romani Imperii
Trovinciam Mofchus juvaretur. Itaque Imperator publico mandato jton modo
armorum, fed commeatus invediionem in ditiones Mofchi generaliter prahi-
buit.

Anno i5'65'. Maximilianus Imperator ad folicitationem Regis'Daniie, ^Lu-
becenfium, qui tunc temporis helium cum Rege Suecia habuerunt, mandato fuo
prohibuit omnium ex Germania vel aliis Trovinciis mercium ^ bellicarum mU'
nitionum in Regmim Suecia import at ionem.

Cum T>antifcani fiavigationem in Nervam impedire conarentnr, Anglos mtil-
tos interceperunt, quorum merces ^ bona omnia in fifcum relata funt, 7ieque ad
nllam inter cejjionem Majefiatis fita quicquam potuit recuperari.

Cum Sereniffimus Tolonia Rex Stephanus Anno iS77- Dantifcum obfideret,
nonne fcripfit ad Illufirifiimum EleSiorem Brandeburgenfem, Truces Tomer ania
^reliquos principes vicinos, ne obfejfos ullo modojuvarent? Nonne idem Lu-

becenfibus

Book II. Negotiatio7i in France. 5^

becenjibus & civitatibiis Hanfaticis denuntiavit, requirens ab ipfls certior feri An. 1599.
an vellcnt amici eJJ'e Regis., vel Gedancnjiin», (S a7nkil'ia if forum erga cum hoc -
fore (ignum^ fiT>antifcanis nil fuhftdii mitterent?

Nonne vos ipji Hamburgenfcs antchac p-oJnhuiJlis exportationcm frumenti ab
ntraque parte flnminis Albis., Cy inter cepijiis frumentum alicrum, qui id vobis
cvehere conabantnr ? Sic Ericus Rex Suecia^ qui turn Rivalia in Livonia civi-
tatis Hanfatica l^ominus faEins crat, interdixit © vobis S ceteris Hanfaticis,
nt a Rufficis commerciis., ^ Nervienfi navigatione prorfus abfineretis. Sed
Rivalia & JViburgi folumrnodo cum Rufls deinceps negotiaremtni. Naves Lu-
becenfium Nerva redeuntes hofiliter cepit, S? mcrces omnes in ffcum redigi
curivit. Idem pofea fecit Johannes Rex.

In bellis qua olim gejferunt Lubccenfes^ contra J ohannem RegemT>ania, ^
nuper contra Johannem Regem Suecia^ nonne tales prohibitiones fecerunt \3mul^
tas naves Anglorum., cum mercibus conffcarunt ?

Ex chronica Truffia multa fimilia exempla proferri popint, 'Dantifcanos mo-
lejiaffe Belgas, Hollandos, Suecios, 'Dacos, Livonicjifes., Lubeccnfes focios ®
alios imperii ^ Regni ftbditos, qui tempore belli quod inter Magijlrum ordinis
Teutonici & civitates'Prutenicas , gefum ef, vel cornmeatum vel provijiones bel-
licas in terras magifro fubjeifas importarunt. Et Angli ratione ijlarum prO'
hibitionum plurima & magna damna fiijiinuertmt.

Si if a aliis regibus tempore belli^ hojiilitatis licuerunt-, ^Hanfaticorum'De-
mocratia idem jus fibi arrogartint? Annon tantundem licebit Sereniffima Anglia
Regina? Sane inter aUliones illas, quarumjam mentio faEia eji, ^ per quas
Angli gravibus damnis affeSfi funt-, & modum procedendi quo Sereniffima Ma-
jeftas fua inftantis belli tempore tifa eft erga Hanfaticos, hoc eft difcrimen.,
quod in plurimis nulla data fuit mercatoribus Anglis pramonitio, quo fibi ^
rebus fuis pro fpicerent., ^S deinde quod naves & bona omnia confifcatafint, mer-
c at ores & naves hoftiliter tra6iati ^ in career em conJeBi : Hie autem tantum
ablata poft legitimam pramonitionem fuerint res prohibit a, relidiis ^ reftitutis
caterisy ac navibus ^ perfonis femper falvis & inta^is.

Satis libera Hanfaticis omnibus relilia eft in Hifpaniam Navigatio cum omni-
bus aliis mercibus, iis folumrnodo exceptis qua propter neceffitatem publicam
fuerunt interdidta. Neque quicquam a Majeftate fua commijjum eft, quod non
in talibus neceffitatibus ab aliis principibus % ftatibus non fit faStum, ^ fieri
confueverit.

Idcirco civitates Hanfatica fapius pramonita fiorttm detrimentorum caufa
fuerunt-, cum fcientes contempferint amicam Majeftatis fua denuntiationem, ut
notorium hoftem juvarent iis rebus, quibus inftru6iior & potent ior redderetur
ad Majeftatem fuam & Regna fua, ipfum etiam Imperium Germa^^icum inva'
dendum i§ opprimendum. Atque hac de confifcatione frumenti in Hifpaniam
ad hoftes miffi fufficiant.

^od verb in colloquio cum 'Do7ninis ConfiUariis, 'Domini Oratores Ham-
bur genfes protulerunt de benevolentia fua erga Nation em Anglicam : T>omini
eonfiliarii cuperent, earn non t ant is verbis proferri, fed rebus ipfis demonftra-
ri, nam adhuc nulla talis benevolentia apparuit, cur T)omini eonfiliarii eorum
relationibus plenam ^ indubitatam fidem adhiberent.

Nam rn decennali ilia tranfaBione qua inter civitatem Hamburgenfem & So-
cietatem mercatorum adventurariorum inita eft, conventum erat ut ea privile-
gia concederentur ad decennium tantum, & decennio elapfo diutius, fi (quod
non fperabatur) ifta negotiatio in difpendium civitatis Hamburgenfis non cede-
ret. At in intimatione ilia, qua revocatio privilegiorum ab Hamburgenfibus
denuntiata eft, exprefse continetur Mercatores Anglos, eo decennio elapfo, ho~
nefte fe gefiijfe, & integritate fua bonorum virorum benevolentiam commeritos
ejfe. IJnde ex verbis conventionis privilegia dintius duratura erant, cum ne-
gotiatio ilia non ejfet civitati Hamburgienfi difpendiofa. Verum Anglos ejici
oportuiti ut hoftibus noftris ^ Imperii gratum ojftcium praftari poffet ,

Civitas

6o &V Henry Nevill*!^ Book IL

Jn. i5'99. Civitas Hamburgum non eft ignara eorwn ^ qua poft iftum temfus, inter Se-
renijjimam Majeftatem fuam, & civitates Han fat teas aBa fiint : & qualiter
(cone e (fa mercatoribus fuis priori refidentia) Majeftas fiia contenta fuerit, j?a~
res Hanfaticis cum naturalibus fubditis immunitates concedere in Regno fuo.
Et vos i]}fiHamburgenfes videbamini in talem conventionem proc lives, ut ex
Uteris veftris, 6'^° Septembris i^S^ apj^aret. Sed quid inde confeqmttum eft?
Augmeiitum ingens veSfigalis in urbe Hamburgenfi ^ alibi filler mercibus An-
glicis impofitum: ^lerela contumeliofa prater veritatem m Imperio contra na-
tionem Anglic am fublicata: Suggeftiones falfiftlma C a fare a Majeftati & Ger-
mania principibus faBa : Legatiojtes, Coitiones, Conventiones Hanfaticorum
de bello inferendo buic Regno, & vi extorquendis privilegiis veteribus qua
jamdudum in commijfum ceciderunt.

Cum hac moUmina initio non fuccederunt, Hamburgenfes per literas fuas
Regiam Majeftatem fuam iterum interpellabant, tit de refldentia in civitate fiia,
pro mercatoribus adventurariis tranfaEtio fieri pojfet, fub tolerabilibus condi-
tionibus; ac fpes certa fa£ia eft, ft mo do idonei homines ex Anglia eomitteren-
tur, rem perficiendam : Mijfi funt Legati Hamburgum : fed re infe^a recejfe-
runt. Nam eodem tempore advenerat 'DoSior JVeftendorpius a Trincipe T'ar-
menfi ablegatus. Is fie pravaluit, ut neque Majeftatis fua, vel fibditorum fu-
orum ulla cur a fit habit a: nee ea praftitafint, qua in Uteris ab Hamburgenfi-
biis fuerimt prius promijfa.

Subfequutum poftea eft mandatumCafareum profcribens commercium Anglic um.
Id continet falfifftmas calumnias ^ injuftas fuggeftiones Hanfaticorum, Cafe-
rea Majeftati ^ principibus imperii faBas, qua nulla nitantur veritate, iielve-
rifimilitudine. ^are jamdudum Majeftas fua obtulit Cafarea Majeftati prin-
cipibus ?3 ftatibus imperii, fe contenta, prafati mandati mijjis legatis, coram
refutatur am, cum locust temptis in communi aliquo Imperii cojiventu concedipof
Jint, ^ recepto eorum refponfo, faSiura eft tdterius quod fua dignitati Regia
convenit.

Ctimque in prafatomandato fapius ajferatur, commercium mercatorum ad-
•ventJirarioHim iilegitimum ejfe, & monopolar e, extant etiamnum Hambur-
genfium lit era in quibus aperte apparet , ex decennalis Refidentia experien-
■tia, • ipfos ab omni tali crimine quod nunc infligitur efte alienos.

Hue etiam addi poteft, non abftmuijfe nonnullos Havfaticos a contumelia Se-
reniffima Majeftatis fua, cum in eorum iirbibiis public ati "iS fparfi fint lib e Hi
famofi, Ecclefia quoque & Religio hujus Regni pro diabolica & haretica pro-
nuntiata funt in fcriptis ^ concionibus mimftrorum fuorum, tanta acerbitate,
ut Sereniffimus Rex quondamDania Fredericus, cum non multo ante mortem in
civitatem Hamburgum veniret, publice in condone redarguerit quendam mini-
ftrum Hamburgenfium qui freli£ia facra fcriptura explicationej tali maledi-
centia tempus t river it.

Rex Anglia Ed'wardus ejus nominis tertius. Anno Regni fui 'i^^° propter le-
viores contiimelias in civitate Brugenfi in Flandria, adverfus fe & nationem
Anglic am prolatas, in Anglia omnia Hanfaticorum bona arreftari fecit, donee
ei ae injuria illata condigna fatisfa£fio ejfet faBa.

Hac in can fa funt, cur non pojfit facile Majeftas fiia fidem adhibcre, nndis
verbis vel dominorum Hamburgenfium vel aliorum Hanfaticorum, donee int el-
lexer it primum generalis communitatis Hanfaticorum decretum, per quodHa^n-
burgenfibus erat interdiBum, ne aliquam ulteriorem refidentiam mercatoribus
AngUcis in fi-ia civitate concederent, fuerit revocatum : 5^ etiam mandatnm il-
lud Cafareum abolitum quod fubreptitie partibtis non audit is a Cafare impetratnm
eft, coittrajus gentium & traBatus, qui inter hoc Regnum & Sacrum Imperium
olim int erceffer lint. Confentaneum nar/ique eft, ut unde controverfia qua per
aliquot annos intercejfit caufa & origo procejfit, inde etiam fiat initium repara-
tionis novi commercii & concordia. Turn fi more priftino abfique prarogativa (^
dignitatis fua regia prajudicio, vel Hanfatici vel Hamburgenfes, cu^nSerenifi-
fima Majeflate fua agere velint, major fdes adhiberi poterit; ^ Majeftas fua

non

Book II. Negotiation in France. 6i

non dencgabit : Ra ij?Jis conccdere qua rationahUlter pcti potcrant. Ivter'm An.i^QQ.
'Domini confdiarii non diibitant hoc rcfponjione T)omi,ios Or at ores Hamburgen-
fes fore coiit'entos. IDatumGrearjuici 24 '"limii i5'99.

I

Sir Mcnry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Orleans, i^^^ July i-jf-jc,. O.S.

I Came ro this Towne upon Sat er day lafl:, and upon Sonday, being the Sti"
of this Moncth, I had Audience, wiierc I repeated unto the King, what I had
ropofed at my former Audience, and what Anfwerc I had rcceaved, and told
liim iu every refped, as I had before written to Monficiir de Vilk'roy, " that I
" thought that Ani'wcvQ fo cold, and to fivour off little re/peB towards the
" ^leene my Miftris, confldcring her prcfent occafions, which T had acquain-
" ted him with, and the Sinceritic of her AfTediion, which he had lb often made
" proofc of; that to prevent the Unkindncs flie might juftly conceave of yt, /
" was boldto fnpprefs yt for a tjme, and to defyre Monficur deVilleroy, to
" deale with him to readvife of yt, and to flreyne himfelfc to give the Qiieen
" Ibm better Contentment. That Monfieur as Villeroy had thereupon written
" unto me, that he had moved him in yr, and was commaundcd to afllire me^
" that as foone as his Counfail came about him, he would advife ferioufly with
" them, of the meanes to give her Majeftie fom better Satisfaction. That I was
" therefore now come to wayte upon him for that caufe, and to receave his
" Anfwere, which I prayed might be fuche, as might give her Majeflie Argu-
" ment of his aflured Affedion towards her, and that flie might have no caufe to
•' thinck her felfe too little regarded ". And the- rather to induce him thereun-
to, I alledged bothe thole Reafons, which I had before writrcn to Monfieur de
Villeroy, and the Duke of Bouillon, and fom other, which I will not trouble
your Honor to repeat.

The King anfwercd, " that I had no reafon to charge him with want of ref
" peEi towards the ^ueene my Miftris ; though he knew himfelfe, and every
" Man els would confefs hirn to be the fyrfl King of Chriftendom, yet he had
" always profelTed himfelfe to be her Servant, and her Soiildier, with many
" words to that purpofe. I defyred him not to conceave me to meane any wane
" o'i. per final re fpeh towards her Majeftie, for 1 did both remember, and had
" advertized her of thofe, and other Speeches, he had before ufcd unto me to
" her Honour: But my meaning was, to note a want of refpeB and regard to
" her Efiate and pfelent occafions, in not feeking to render her at leall fom
" part of thofe means, Ihe had need to ufe now for her own Defence, feeing
" the Caufe of her being disfiirnifoed of them, was only her Care to prefrve
" him. He faid, he did confefTe that he had receaved great Pleafures of her,
" and in requitall thereof, would imploy himfelfe, and the Forces of his whole
" Kingdom in her Defence, yf fhe had need ; but more could not be had of a
" Man then was in his Power, and for Mony he had utterly none, and repeated
" yt three tymes. I told him yt would be a ftraunge Anfwere to proceed from
" z King 0I Fraunce, who though he commaunded not a Countrey fo flouridi-
" ing and wealthie as fomtymes yt had bin, yet w^as never fo low, but upon fo
" juft an occafioii as this was, he would be able to fynde fo muche, as would
" ferve to give her Majeflie fom reafonnable Contentment, and enable her to
" exped: his better Conveniency, for the Difcharge of the red. He began to
" proteft he could not do yt this Yeare, but the next he hoped he Hiould be bet*
" ter able, untill which tyme he prayed her Majeflie to have Patience^ I told
" him this Anfwere would be found fo flraunge, after fo long expedation, and
" promife of better Contentement, that I fliould fcarfe be beleaved in relating
" yt; and therefore prayed, yf he were refolved to give me no other, thatyt
" would pleafe him to give yt in writing, which he promifed to do.

R " After

f2
An. 1599'

Sir Henry Nevill^ Book II.

'' After this Speeche fo ended, I propofed agiiin the Maintenance of the en-

" tcrcourfe betwcne the two Realmesj and the Confirmation of fiiche Liberties

" and Privileges, as had bin graunted by his PredeccfTours unto her Majefties

" Subjects, and namely, of the Exempion du dro'iEi iAiibeine, graunted by

" King Charles; which was a thing contrary to the Cuftom of all orher Nations,

'' and without any ground ofreafon, and ferved rather for a Pretext to his Offi-

" cers, to extort by wrong and violence upon our Marchaunts, then for any

" Profitt to him ". He willed me to give a Note to his CounpiU^ and they

Ihould confider of yt, and of the Treaties and Graunts made by his Tredecef-

fors; and willed me to allure my felfe, " that in that, or any thing els which

' was in his Power, he would be ever willing, to give her Majeftie Argument of

' his good Affed:ion.

" From this, he fell into Qiieilions of the State's Fleet ; I told him I under-
' flood nothing of yt. He asked me alfo, how Matters went in Ireland. I
' told him fince the lad Occurrents I had acquainted him with, I had hard no-
' thing, but that my Lord of ElTex was gon to Limmerick, a Town almofl in
' the middle of Ireland., which might be the occafion that AdvertifTements
' came the flowlier from him. He wifli'd the ^een had well compofed thofe
' Matters^ and faid, he feared flie would find a difficult Matter of yt. I faid,
' yt might perhaps prove of more length then was hoped at the fyrfl, which
' would always inforce her to urge repayment of her Mony at his Hands, but
' in the end I did not doubt, but God would give good SuccefTe to fo good a
' Caufe. He faid, he had hard, that Tiron would have accepted a Peace, yf
' your Honor and my Lord of Ejfex\ would have becom T^ ledges for the obferv-
' ing of yt. I told him, there was never any fuche thing fpoken of, and though
' there had bin any fuche demaund made by him, yt had not binftt nor honora-
' ble for her Majefie, that the Ajfurance of her Word or Tromife, Jhould de-
' pend upon the Credit of any other hut her felfe. Then he asked me, yf in
* the Articles of the Treaty betwene the Ghiene, and the King of Spaine, ihe
' had not inferted one to this Purpofe, thatlje Jhould free her from the Warre
' in Ireland. I told him, I thought he knew very well, that the Treaty never
' came fo farre, as to taike of Articles : He faid Coomans, as he pafTed this way
' had afTured him, yf the King of Sfaine would affent to thofe Articles he
' carried with him, the Peace was made. I told him, the ^eene had commu-
' nicated unto him, both by his own Ambaffador, and by me, as much as had
' pafTed in that matter, which I hoped he would give more creditt to, then to
' Cooman's Report, for he might well fpeake of rheire Refolution, but he could
' not fpeake of ours ". Monfieur de Villeroy, who was prefent at all my Au-
dience, faid he thought yt never came to Conditions.

Of the Marquifat of Salluces, I find the King to fpeake more doubtfully then
he did before, as yf he feared Spaine would intermeddle ; the like in dark Speeches
I receaved from fom of his Counfail. He told me, * the Tope had bin earneft
to prolong the Terme agayn, but that he was not determined to graunt yt, f but
would be at Lions about fix Weeks hence, to be nearer unto his Buifhes there.
And fo this Audience pafTed, faving, that when I law no hope of obtayning any
more, I prayed him, " that the xoooo Crownes, which he had promifed and
" affigned already, might be payd out of hand. To which he anfwered, he
" knew not how fbon yt would be ready, but he had made good aflignations for
" yt, and he would fpeak with his Financiers about yt, and then I mould have
' ' anfwere when y t fliould be payed ".

The next Day I went to Monfieur de Villeroy, and told him, " I was forry
" to find my travails fo infortunate, that inflead of advancing myMiflrefs's

* Letres d'Ojfat, Vol. 3 p. 376. Memnires de Beniivoglio, Vol. i. p. 303, 304.

f Cardinal d'Ojfat, in one of his Letters to Monfieur Villeroy, makes this Remark: La ■venue dit

Boy a Lion, dont zios Letres font mention, viendra tres-iien a propos, c comme je vous ai ecrit autrefois, il
n'y aura raifon fi forte pour nous faire rendre ledit Marquifat, comme fera, fi on voit que noHS fommes pour
le reprendre par force, fi on ne nous U rend de bon gre. Vol. 3. p. 344.

" Service

Book II. Negotiation in France. 6^

" Service, by my Sollicitarion, I found yt rather reculed, and the Kinggrowen An. 15-99.

" colder, tlicii the lafl time I moved liim, or then he had given me hope of by

" his Letters. He very hotly replyed, that he had written nothing, that might

" beconfliued to imply more then the King had now laid, that he had written

*' in Fretiche, and knew well what yt was. I was not difpofed to take the Mat-

" ter lb hotly, but anlwercd only, that he knew very well when I took excep-

" tion to the King's fyrfl: Anfwcre, becanfc yt feemed to promife payment of no

" more this Yeare, but of the xoooo Crownes, and made my complaint thereof

*' unto him; he made me anlwere, that he had moved the King in yt, and was

" commaunded to afliire me, that when the Counlail cam together, the King

" would confliit with them how to give her Majeftie better Satisladion; where-

" as now I fownd him To farre from any Refolution of paying more, that me-

" thought he began to make the Payment of the 20000 Crownes very uncer-

" taine, which was promifed and ajjigned, before my coming, and which her

" Majeltie looked for ere this tyme; and that I thought her Majeflie deiervcd

" to be better regarded. He told me, I feemed to infill miiche in my Speeche

" with the King, upon that Point oi want of rcfpeSi towards the Q^ueene, and

" yf I had repeated yt a little more^ I might perhaps have bin ajifjiered little

" to my contentment. To that 1 anfwered, I had patience to beare whatfoever

" the King Jhould fay, and would ref err yt to my Mifirefs to interpret, but I

" would not leave for that-, to deliver wbatfoever fje Jhotild commaund: And

" that for mine own Part, I muft needs fay again, that 1 thought yt an Argu-

" ment C){ fmall RefpeB, that a King, who could find the means to give away

" va. pure Gift, this laft Yeare, 15' or 1600000 Crownes, ihould plcotd difibili-

•' tie to pay the Qtieene any thing, in fo great occafions as he knew llie had :

" That I was not to interpret her Conceptions fiarther then flie was plcafed to

" impart unto me, but that I faw ihe had great Cauie to be muche diicontented

" with yt; and therefore as I had defyred the King, and as he had promiled me,

•' I prayed him I might have the Anfwere in Writing. He told me, yt was

" not the Faihion to give Anfwere in Writing, but to thofe things which were

" prefented in Writing, and I urging the King's Promife, he faid he hard yt not,

" (tho' the King had twice promifed yt in his Prefence) and that he had no fuche

" Commaundment : Thereupon I told him, rather then fail, he fliould have the

" Propofition in Wry ting.

We fell after to talke of the other Point of the Treaties, and droiB d' Aubeine,
wherein I defired, " that the King would make yt appeare, that he did acknow-
" ledge the Service her Majeftie's Subjects had don him, and that he thought
" them no lefs worthie of his favor, then fbm other Nations, to whom he had
•' lately graunted the fame of his free good Will, not being tyed unto yt by any
" Treaty of his Predecefi^brs ; whereas we had yt graunted dired:ly by the
" Treaty of Blois. He anfwered, that we had not perfourmed that Treaty on
" our Parts, and alledged the Words of the Treaty, that theire Ihould be a Sta-
" pie or Fondique eftablilhed, of our Marchandife in Fraunce, as was hereto-
" fore at Antwerpe and Bruges; and when that was done, we might claime the
" Exemption xeqnivcd, and not before. I told him, the Exemption was graunt-
" ed (as appeared by the Wordes of the Treaty) in favour of the Traflick,
" which was intended to be eftablilhed betwene the two Nations, to worke a
" good Communication and amicable Difpofition betwene them, whereupon a
" firme and durable Frendfhip might be grounded betwene the Princes; and
" therefore, to ftand upon the Fondique, which was but a Circumftance, and ac-
" corded rather in our Favour, then for any benefit to them, argued, that they
" did but feeke Evafions, from giving her Majeftie or her Subjeds Contentment
" in any kind, which was farre from that which llie hath caule to exped:. And
" as for the Matter of the Fondique or Staple, I told him yt was a thing that
" beganne to be milliked in England, and was thought to be prejudicial! ro the
" State, to make any more Corporations or Fraternities, which might be the
" caufe, that hitherto there had bin no fuche courfe taken, nor perhaps would

" bes

Sir Henry Nevillj BookiL

" be; ?nd therefore wiflied, yf he were as dcfyrous to intertayne good inter-
" courle bctwcnethe two Realraes, as he had heretofore feeraed to be; not to
" fruftrate fo good an Intention, upon a Circumftance lo little material! unto
" them, but to referr yt to her Majefties Choice. He laid, the Treaty did di-
" redly mention yt, and thoughe we cared not for yt, they did require yt ;
" yet yf her Majeftie would fignifie unto the King, thatilie defyred to have that
'* Point forborne, as being prejudicial! to her State, he thought there might be
" fome Conference upon thefe Points and the whole Treaty; which the King
" was willing to conhrme, eyther in that kind, or in any more llreight fort,
" that lliould be thought fitt for the Subjedts of both Realmes, and offered me
" to treate whenibever I had CommifTion. I told him, the Intention of that
" Treaty, for that which concerns the Entercotirfe, was chiefly to eftablilli the
" Traffic k of our Englijb Commodities in France^ and all the Conditions ap-
" pointed to be confidered of by elpecial! Commillioners, runne that way ; and
" therefore yt was fitt yt fliould be treated of in England; where the Mar-
'• chants, whome yt cheefly concerned, might be at hand to declare, what they
" required to be provided for. He fat d^ there was muche to be required like-
" wife on the Part of theire Marchants; I faid, all that concerned them, was
" common to us, as well as to them, and there was muche in that Treaty be-
" Tides, that particularly belonged to our Side: He faid, we might treat of that
" which concerned us there, and of the other here; I faid, that were in vaine,
" for one labour might ferve both.

That Matter ended, we came to Ipeake of the third Toint of my former Tro-
^ojition ; wherein I found my felfe not fatisfied, becaufe the whole Propofition
ieemes to be limited, to the carrying out of the Commodities there mentioned
hors de fon Rojaume, which extends not to fuche as fliould be bought in Forraine
Parts, and carried diredly to our Enemies, without ever coming into France ;
for that which was never in France, cannot be faid to be carried out of France.
We debated this Matter a while, not without fom heat, and Words I might juft-
ly have excepted to on his Part : But I told him refolutely, I would not fb ac-
cej^tyt, and I did not dowbt to be advowed in yt : Then at lafl he was content-
ed to alter yt, and h^th promifed to fend yt me fo altered.

He Teemed to complain, that notwiihllanding the Counfatl in E7igland\\^d af-

fented unto, and figned the Reiglement towching T)e^redations, your Honor

had fince refufed to reduce yt into a Treaty, or to execute yt. I could anfwere

nothing particularly in this Point, becaule I had receaved no Letters from your

Honor fmce the Ambafadofs Audience, the lafl I had receaved being of the 91''

of June; but in generalitie I told him, (as I had don once before) " that I

" thought her Majeftie had reafon'to forbeare to proceed any further in yt, till

" flie law more forwardnes on their part to anfwer her: For flie had both eftalDlilli-

" ed a Commijjlon, which had already don Jufticein thefe Caufes, and made

" fince a ^Proclamation, for the Freedom of their Trade, as themfelves del), red ;

" whereas they had neither appointed Commiffioners, to whom her Majeftie's

" Subjects might refort, for remedie in theire Wrongs, which were many and

" great; nor yet made any of thole 'Proc/<«??2<2^^/<??/j- and ?'r(7^ii^/Vi<?//j', which on

" theire part were to be made, for her Majeflie's Service. He fxi^, yotir Ho-

" nor had not fo anfjoered; but yf the Queene infilled upon that, he would

" caufe the Commijfion to be difpatched out of hand, and the Troclamatiojis

" to be likewife made, in lliche fort as yt was agreed upon ". This is the ESkdu

of our Conference at this tyme; I have nnce delivered a Somme of my Tropof-

tion in tvryting, but fliall not receave anfwere, I dowbt, till I com to Blois ; for

the Counfail removes thither to morrow, and the King likewife, after a Step to

Malkjherbes, will repay re thither towards the end of the Weeke. In the meane

tyme, I thought good to fend this Diipatche, that you may fee what to truft to

from hence, and becaufe I would not have the Ambaffador there, advertifed

what hath pafled here, before your Honor.

' Jn

Book It. Negotiation in France. §5

In fommc, your Honor fccth an Alteration in the matter of my Negotiation, yln. ifQO.
and I afTiirc you I found yt likcwifc in tlw manner. What ro impute yt to I
know nor, unlcls they ihould have diicovcred fom more Coldncls in the Demaund
there, then \ have uicd here. Som have underhand let me know, that the Kinrr
doth afTurc himfclfc that the Qiiecne will make Teace, and therefore makes no
hade to pay her any thing ; and againe I learne, that Monficur dc Vilkroy took
in Ibm Inuff the Letter I wrote him, upon the Receipt of the King's fyrfl: An-
fwerc, whereof I fent your Honor a Copy ; I leave all to your Honor to judge
of. Since I fpakc with Monfieur de Vilkroy, I was with Monficur de Rofni and
BcUicvre; who ufcd mc with good Rclped, and confeffed it was very realbnna-
ble the King Ihould make her fom good SatisfaElion, but dowbtcd that at this
ryme he was notable. Monfieur de Rhofni asked me, " what would content
" the Qiiccne the next Yearc: I laid I had no CommiHIon to divide the Debt,
" but generally to demaund the Refliturion; but I thought the Qiiecne would
" not be too rigorous in her Demaund, but would be content to accept fbm cora-
" petcnt Som, io Hie might receave the reft in rcafonable tymc after." He fcem-
ed to profeflc muche Affcdtion to her Majeftic, but the Ejfe^s mnft difcover his
Inclinations, whereof I cannot promife muche, this being the firfl: tyme I had
fpeeche with him.

Since my coming hither, I underftand that at o.i^a^ Rochell, there hath bin
ftayed three Englijlnnen, feemingby all Circumftances to be Men of the Chnrche,
and profeffmg Papiftry. They pretended a purpofe to go into England, and
were fownd leafed of certain Letters to fom in England, containing an Adver-
tifement, that the Z'-jDgtklm Clergy of mxyi Spaine — — had offered c loo
the Kinq^ of Spaine an extraordinary Suhfedy, to continue uio') TVar againft
a.iox England: Which 6.iio the French /O'^^ underftanding, would firft have
had them brought q. wtiwug hither, but the fuy.bghmzivfo. IDepitie of
0. 194 Roche II perfwadcd him yt were better they ihould Be x.kwfd fent z. eh
to a. 100 The ^leen, which I thinck will be don very fliortly. Yf yc be {o, yt
may pleafe you to thinck of examining them of the emq.iait- Title of the
tby. ofdhfhfanta, whereof I * wrote lately.

Of the King's Marriage I know not what to write ; in Speeche he leems to re-
Iblve to marry, and the Trincejfe oi Florence is in every bodies Mouth: But in
his particular, I verily beleeve he hath no Inclination to leave this free Lyfe he
now leades; and withall, I cannot learne that there hath yet bin any diredl Mo-
tion made at Florence on his part. On the other fyde, I heare that the Empe-
ror,' (belike to crofle the King's Purpofe in that Alliance,) is now growen very
earneft in the pourfuite oi thatTrincejfe, which he had once feemed to have gi-
ven over.

The Archduke arrived at Ge7ioa about the 15* of the laft Moneth after this Ac-
count, and went thence the 2.6* towards Milan, where he purpofed to ftay but
eight Days. He was vifited by Ambajfages from all parrs oi Italy, and the
King told me, the Tope had ^tntiiLegat to him, which was very extraordinary,
and not ufed to be don to any, under the Degree of a King. But I fpake with a
Gentleman who was at Genoa till he departed, who faid, there was a Legat
looked for there, but there came none. He doth alfo aflure me, that he brought
no Souldiars with him at all, but only his ordinary Traine, and that not great. He
takes the way of Germany, by reafon that the Plague is fo hot in Tiedmont ;
which is alfo faid to be fo great in Spaine, that the King was faine to returne
from Barcellona by Sea into Valencia, to the Marquis otDenids Houfe, who
now pofTefTeth him wholly, and draweth from him for himfelfe and his Frends,
exceeding oreat Guifts, and namely, the Biflioprick of Toledo for a Nephew of
his. The Harveft is exceeding good this Yeare in Spaine, and the Plenty as
great both of Corne and Wine, as has bin thefe xo Years ; the like is generally
expeded in this Countrey.

* See his Letter of the 17'*' of 5«»^-

.q There

66 Sir Henry Neville Bookll.

^fi. IS 99- There happened a great Difafter u^on Monday laft in the Forreft of Bierre,
hard by Founta'mbleau ; eyther by Lightning, or other Mifchance, the Wood
fell on fyre, and hath burned, as I am informed, about 40000 Acres of Wood, to the
lols at the leaft of xoo thoufand Crownes; one whole Village is faid to be burn-
ed, and Fomttainbkau, both Towne and Houfe, was hardly faved. Yt is faid
to burne yet, and no Man knoweth when it will ceafe; for when Men thinck
y t is quenched, it will run into the Ground, and breake out in fome other place.

Upon Sunday laft the King healed a great many, both oi Spaniards and others ^
and there went with him to the Churche among others, xXitlDuke oiGuife \ to
whom yt was oblcrved that this People Jhewed more true AjfeBion., then to the
King himfelfe ; many thancking God for his good Efcape, and praying God to
blefle him, and divers taking occafion by his Sight, to revive the Memorie of
his Father.

The Trinces of Germany keepe their Forces flill together about fFe/ell, and
treat of drawing Recompence from the Spaniards of theire Dommages and
Charges, but I thinck yt will hardly com. In the mean while they loofe muche
Advantage of Tyrae, and make all Men talke of theire Dulnefs and Irrefolution.

Here is an Ambajfador of the 'Duke of JVirtenbnrgh, who came to comple-
mentife with me, and in Difcourfe let fall fb muche unto me, as I perceave his
Mafter would be very glad her Majeftie would honour him with fending fom
Gentleman unto him; and iurely. Sir, in my poor Judgment, the fending of fom
Man of Worth into thofe Parts might be to good purpofe, both to difcover fom
Defleines, and to keepe thofe Princes in good Devotion.

Of the States Fleet here is nothing knowen ; yt is thought they are gon to the
IJlands, or to the Indies. I underftand by their Agent they are vid:ualled for a Yeare,
and that there is another Fleet preparing, to be ready to liicceed them inthe Adtion,
againft they returne. HheStateshzse draw en little from hence this Yeare; thelaft
Yeare they ihould have had 200000 Crownes, but receaved but 1 00000 ; this
Yeare they were promifed 300000 Crownes, to fupply the DefecSt of the laft,
but have receaved yet but 50000.

Towching CoUisford, of whom I made fome Motion in my fyrjl Tropofition ;
Monfieur de Villeroy tells me he is avoyded out oi Calais, according to my De-
fyre. I dealt with him alfo about the Seminary at Rheims, which I underftood
our Fugitives were in hand to renew, and had gotten the Clergies Confent there-
unto. I prayed him to take order to impeach yt, being contrary to the Trea-
ties that they Hiould have any liiche Receptacle here. I have moved him againe
of yt, but he has don nothing in yt, pretending the Archbijhop of Rheim'sSick-
iies to have bin lliche, as he was not in cafe to be troubled with any thing.

In my laft Conference with him, perufing the Treaty of Blois in his Book, I
found yt to differ from my Copy in fom Points. Indeed I cannot warrant the
Creditt of myne, being taken not out of your Honor's Book, but out of a Copy
of i^ Father-in-Laws, which was not very perfedl Therefore I befeeche you,
yf her Majeftie's Pleafure be that I fliall deale any further in that matter, to let
me have z true Copy fent me of the Treaty. The King went yefternight after
Supper to La Fay e, four or five Leagues hence, with a purpofe to hunt theStagg,
and as fom thinck to {ee Fount ainbleau, (and Baris perhaps) before his Returne,
lb fodain Excurfions we are here lubjedl to. The Counfail remaines here fom
few Dayes, but no Man knoweth any Certaintie when or whither the next
Remove will be, though they fpeake of Blois. For my part I remaine here part-
ly to receave an Anfwere to my Tropojition, but cheefley in hope to heare from
your Honor whiles I am here, leaft I fliould have any occafion upon your Let-
ters to returne hither, as foone as I com to Taris.

I mentioned before, that Monfieur de Villeroy told me, I anfwere d not to
one'Boint of our Conference as your Honor had done; he did the like in fom o-
rher Points. I befeeche you therefore confider, what Difreputation, and what
Diladvantage yt is to me in my negociating, to want Advertifements how things
pafTe there. And fo, \5c. Tour Honor's, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.
Propofition

Book IL NcgoUati07i hi France. ^7

An. 1S99-
Propoficion dc I'AmbafTadeur d'Anglctcrrc faidc d Mefliciirs du Con

fcii du Roy Ic 1 9 juillet i J99. S. N.

r'Omnic il a plcH a fa Majejic, fur la propofition qneje luy avois prefent^e
^ de la part de la Royne rna Matjlrefe tonchant le rembourfement des deJii-
ers., dont elle l''avoit acconimodc' dnraiit Ics troubles de fon RoyaumCy demefaire
refpondrc, quil commanderoit a foil Coi'fil d'advifcr aux moiens qu'il auroit
de le faire ; mats pour cefte annee^ eft ant fi advancde qu'elle eft, ^ fes moiens
qtiil doiht reccvotr en Ice lie, defia departiz, il froit difficile de luy paier plus
que le vingt mil efcuz, preftz, en I' an i')C)6, fir I' obligation deMeJfeurs de
Bouillon '^ dc Zancy ; fur laquelle refonce, ie prins occafion dc luy faire plus
•vive Inftance, luy remonftrant les gran des occafionslS neceffitez de la Royne, qui
la contraignoient de I' en tmportuner a prcfnt, veu les grandes guerres qtielle
avoit fur la bras, taut en Irelavde qiiaillnurs; d laqueile mienne remonftrance
time refpondit, que quand fon Co' f il froit aupres de luy, il adviferoit aux
moyens de mieulx faire pour le contcntemcnt de ma Maiftreffe. C'eft done main-
tenant, puis que Mefjieurs de fon Corf il font tons ajfemhlez, aupres de luy,
que je fupplie tres humblement fa Majefte, d'y advifer, & d'y pourvoir telle-
ment, que la Royne ma Maiftreffe ay ^ occafion de fe rendre contente de luy, @ de
continuer la mejtne volenti & fmcerite d' affection, qiCelle a fouvent tefnoigne
avoir en fon endfoi^t.

Et pource que aux prop os que le Roy me tint dernierrement, il me declara^
quHly auroit de la difficult e de faire mieulx pour cefte anne'e; mais pour Pan-
nee qui vient, il auroit plus de commodite & de moien de luy paier quelque
honnefomme; je fupplie treftoumblefnent fa Majefte, de m'efclarcir fon inten-
tion la deffus ; © combien c'eft que la Rloyne pourra faire eftdt de recevoir de
luy Vannee prochante, @ a queiterme.

Etfiencas que leRoy apres avoir confulte fur cefaici avec fonConfeil, trouu^
qu^il n^a pas le moien de luy rendre rembourfement de quelque 7iotable fomme
pour le prefent, je le ftpplie iS requiers au nom de la Royne, d'accomplir le
Contrast \ faitt en Pan i5'9i, entre la Royne & Meffieurs de Beauvoir ^ de
Preaux, fes Ambaffiadeurs & Commijffaires authorizes pour ceft effect, & puis
apres confirme par le Roy, & verifie par la Cour de Tarlement ^ Cbambre des
Contes, quiporte comme s'enfuit.

Here followed the Words of the Contrad;.

T^uquel ContraB le Roy ne fe pent exempt er, pourceque les diets Villes de
Rouen ^ Havre de Grace font a ceft heure en fa puiffdnce ; eftant raifonnable,
qtCen Vune forte ou V autre, il donne fitis faction a la Royne, qui fa fecouru fi
a propos en fon be feign.

Outre ce, a fin que le Roy fcache que c'eft qiiil a de payer, ^ la Royne com-
bien elle a de recevoir ; je fupplie humblement fa Majefte, d'en faire verifier
(^ arrefter le conte, ^ cependant de donner ordre pour le paiement des 20000 ef-
cuz, qu!il a promis de payer cefte annee.

Et pourcequ'il eft raifonnable & expedient, que nous Sachions a quoy nous
fimmes pour le regard des TraiStez entre ces deux Royaumes ; d'aucuns def-
quelz, (^ fingulierement , de celuy de Pan I'yl'^i fai^ ^ Blois avec le Roy
Charles le 9™^) il s'eft meu quelque doubte, s'il demeure en fa force ou non, com-
me n^ ay ant, efte confirme dedans Van apres la mort du feu Roy\ je fupplie le
Roy de m'efclaircir de fen intention la dejfus; A Sfavoir, sil tient pour bon &
valide, ou non ; ^ s'il ne I'eftime pas eftre demeure en force a ceft heure, pour
la raifon que dejfus ; qu'il luy plaife de declarer fon intention a la Royne, s'il
a delibere d' accepter les mefmes conditions, C^ de contraBer la mefme confedera-

t See Rymer's Foedera, Vol. i6. p. loz, c^c.

ci07U

68 &r Henry Neville BookIL

^t. IS99- ^^^^'> '(^omme il eft tenu de faire, par le troifieme article dudit Trai£i^; ^ leju-
' geant bon, qtiil luy plaife de le faire executer, tant pour les autres point Zy
que pour V exemption du droid d'Aubeine y accordee aux Subje£iz de ladite
'Dame Royne.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Orleans i^.Jtdy i'^^^. O.S.

Since the Difpatch I fent away yefterday by Simons, I receaved thefe inclofed
Letters from Bayonne, which I fend by the fame Meflenger which brought
them me, being an Engltjh Marchant called Jackfon, who is returning home-
ward. I have nothing more to wryte then I advertifed in my Difpatch, but that
I am differed for mine Anfwere to my Tropojition till the King com to Blois,
which when y t will be I know not ; but the Counfail is yet determined, to move
thither upon Munday next.

I am told, that befydes the Fyre which happened in the Forrefl: de Bierre^
there is another great Fyre fallen out in Bourges, which hath burnt a Churche
and 20 Houfes ; both are flippofed to be by Lightning.

I have receaved Letters from fom Marchants ix. Bayonne, that there are certaine
Letters of Mart graunted out againfl them, and their Goods, for fom Wrong
done by our People at Sea. I fynd yt diredtly contrary to all our Treaties, that
any Letters of Mart fliould be graunted but againfl the principall Delinquents,
and their Goods and Factors; and that, in cafu manifefta denegationis jujiitia ^
which I fuppofe hath not bin on her Majeftie's part; therefore I mean to deale
with the Counfail for the Repeal, and Stay of them. And io I humbly take
my leave.

Tour Honoris moji humbly to be commanded,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, ^4"Jiib^599-

I Have flayed this Bearer, to give you fome good account of our dealing with
the Frenche Ambaffador , and now do fend to you with fuch Matter as the
Tyme affordeth. In which Delay e, I pray you flilped: no Negligence, for none
iliall ever be ufed to you, eyther as a publick Minifler, or as a private Friend ;
but thefe things which depend d'aultruy, mufl receave Conflrud:ions accordingly
for Expedition.

The befl part of your Negotiation which will beft pleafe, is to recover us fbme
Money; wherein yf upon lack of Verifications, or Scruples in Bonds, they feek
to fpend tyme, youfhall do well to tye them to the plaine things, and let thofe
that they will infifl upon as uncertayne, be cleared as they may ; and not ferve as
an Evafion for all, becaufe they eyther make themfelves ignorant of parr, or
would have all formaly digefled.

Secondly, We have refolved on the Treaty of Blois, and to incorporate tlie
Article of late accorded on, concerning Juflice for Marine Caufes, into yt, as
by this Courfe which followeth fhall appear unto you.

The Ambaffador hath bin let to underfland from my Lords, by the Judge of
the Admiraltie, and other Commiflioners ; that becaufe he had informed, that
he could not yet receave Satisfadtion in the Complaints prefenred by him of De-
predations upon the French, they were lent to juflify the Care taken therein,
and to know in what Particular he remayn'd unfatisfyed ; and thereupon proceed-
ed to deduce unto him all the Complaints exhibited by him, and the Order taken
in them. The

Book II. Negotiation in France. 6^)

The Ambaffador acknowledged, that all the {aid Caufes had rcccavcd Hearing jJn. 1^99-
and Jiulgmenr, but excepted that Ibm had rcceavcd unncccfTary Delay, and o-
thcis relied yet imlatislycd in the Execution. Yt was declared unto him what
was the Impediments thereof, to the which as he could nor further reply, heun-
derrookc to procure that reciprocally all her Majeftie's Subjedls fliall receave
Ipcedy Juflice in France, and delyred to receave their Complaints. Afterwards
he was dealt with in the niatter oi Marfc'dles, upon the Arguments expreffed in
Jier Majeftie's Letter, that the laid Ship was taken and declared good Prize, by
the Authority of the King's cxprels Edifl., and her Majeflie's Troclamatton made
conformable to the fame at the King's Requefl, for the conffiating of all the
Leaguers Goods, andthofe 'which Jhon Id trade iziith them; bothc the Marfcil-
I'tans to whom the Ship appertained, being then held to be revolted from the
King's Service, but cfpecially thofe of Ne'whaveu whether the Ship was going,
being of the mofl declared. That a Matter therefore fb donne for his Service,
ought nor now to be fubjed: to after attempt : and the King having abollilhed
and remitted to his Subjeds, the Memory of all Adions that palled during the
Troubles to a later tyme, hath no reafbn to fuffcr that matter, don before, and
fo well authorized, to be revived againft her Majefty. And althoughe he would
favour the Marfeill'ians in that Recovery, yet he cannot difpofe of the Right of
a third Perfbn.

The AmbalTador anfwered, That the Marfeill'ians had not at the tyme of the
taking of their Ship, as yet put themfelves into any Action of Rebellion againft
the King, and therefore were not declared Rebells. And touching their Fault of
Trading to Newhaven-, that yt muft be proved, whether after the publifliing the
King's £'c/i(f? of Reflraynt in that behalf, they had fufficient tyme to take notice
of the laid Edicl : And that there having ben always a good Correfpondency of
Intercourfe, between her Majeftie's Subjedls and them, that they ought not to
be fo rigoroufly dealt wirhall, unlefs they had bin declared Rebells to the King.
Notwithftanding, he promifed that he would relate to the King the Reafons al-
leadged by herMajefty.

Laffly, It was declared unto him. That her Majeftie having underftood as well
by Mr. Edmond's at his Returne, as by her AmbalTador's Letters, that the King
is content and willing to renew with her Majeftie the Treaty of Blois pafted with
Charles the 9*, which her felf conceaving alio to be necelTary and behoveflill
for the ftrengthning of their Amitie, and to incorporate their Subjeds into a firm
Friendlhip, that /he doth likewife ajfent thereunto : And therefore that llie doth
now hold yt to be more convenient, That the late conceaved Articles for the Re-
drefle of the Marine Caufes be inferted into the Treaty; but only that of one
Point, her Majeftie was forced upon juft and urgent Confiderations, to defyre
the King to allow of Reformation in the faid Articles, which is touching the
Power of the Article, wherein the Liberty given to all Ships to paffe

freely that fliall carry the Banner of France, is of too great Prejudice unto her ;
and therefore that her Majeftie upon better Knowledge now of the Abufe there-
of, cannot allow of that Tolleration ; for there were four Spanijh Ships chafed
by certain Englijh Ships, and they immediately fliewing a French Flagg, her Ma-
jeftie's Ships gave over, and mifled a Purchafe worth 30000/. to the great Scorn
of her Men of Warre. And withall flie will make yt appear, that flie will infift
upon nothing, but that which themfelves have pradized, and authorized by fe-
verall of their Ordinances.

He was defyrous to be fatisfyed, whether we could maintaine yt by any fuche
T'ref dents and Examples: Whereupon that part in the Code of Hen. the ^%
was Hiewed to him, which when he faw did clearly and fully make to that Pur-
pofe, being ftaggered, he was then forced to change his Argument, and to al-
leage, that the tyme was now muche dilTering from his former Being and Condi-
tion, and therefore that yt could not admitt and receave the fame Rule. That
heretofore when thofe Laws were made, they were ftrong by Sea, where now
they have no Forces at all ; and that the King might not tollerate to have his Sub-

^T jed's

^o *$"/> Henry Neville Book IL

An. 1599. je<a's Shipps to be always fubjed to fearch, both in refped: of the Indignitie un-
- to himfelfe, and the notable Prejudice which his Sabjeds fliall receave, to have
always fomthing taken from them by the Occafiouof fach Searches, whatfoever
lliall be pretended to the contrary.

It Avas anfwered him , that yt could not be diilicnourable, for that the Law
fliould be reciprocal!, and for the avoiding that no fuch Abufe (hould be com-
mitted by the CuUor thereof, that he faw her Majeftie would prefcribe extreme
Penalties. Yt was moreover told him, what Inconvenience her Majeftie had
lately receaved by that Toleration, by the two Btskanier Shipps that came in-
to Ireland with Provifions for the Rebells ; and thereby he was defyred to
confider, how the fame might be often very prejudicial! unto her Majeftie. He
concluded, that he would of ail thefe things make P^eport to the King, and alfb
of the two new Articles, that were defyred to be inferred by the Treaty; but
againft the latter, which concerneth the not permitting the Hanfes to have any
Staples of Corn in France^ he did except againft as not reafonable. He aflured,
that the King was moft willing and defyrous to renew the Treaty of Blois with
her Majeftie, althoughe he knew yt to be of great eft benefit for her Majefties
SubjeBs, but yet fo muche the more in that refpeSf., to Jhew his Love and Ajfe-
Siian to her Majeftie, So as you know what we defyre. And furely, for this
manner of ToUeration of all Shippes to pafs unfearched that have French
Flaggs^ you muft ftand upon y t, for the Queen cannot endure yt : And yf he
doth urge ftill, that under that color his Subjed's Shipps iliall be abufed, yt is too
great a Diffidence in us, for that Juftice iliall be with all Rigour executed upon
all Offenders ; and for proof how reafonable yt is, I have fent you an ExtradI in
the precile Words of the Codes of France ■, reduced into Order in Henry the
3^'' Tyme: Youfliall alfo fee what Reafons we have to doubt Spaine, and to
prevent all Affiftance, fb as yf this Courfe be fuffered, not only the Qiieen iliall
be extremely prejudiced, but the King fliall do her wrong againft his Will.

* You fliall underftand, that the Flemijhe Fleet is quite gonne paft all the
Coaft of Spaine^ and pafTed to the Illands of the Maderas. Yt was little ex-
pecSted, that thofe who publiflied fo brave a purpofe to interrupt all SuppKes for
Spaine, and to keep that Coaft blocked up from Trade, would now thus fondly
and mechanically, put all upon a Jorney to the Iftands for Wines and Sugars ;
and now that Spaine is clear and lecure of them, and hath in readinefs Forces to
have defended, he may in all probability convert fom of thofe hetherwards, and
for more Evidence thereof, he bringeth divers Ships from South Spaine to the
Groine ; and as we are alfo credibly informed, he hath {tntt%vo Spaniards to
Breft to Monfleur Sourdiac, for leave to Ancker with his Fleet in Breft ; whofe
Lady being at home, and not her Husband, referred them over unto him ; for

' which purpofe they are gone (as is informed) to the Court to him. Yf this be
true, her Majeftie conceaveth the King will be advifed not to harbor them, yf
he com to invade. But what is true, or falfe of yt, her Majeftie requireth you
in any wife to underftand, and yf you find the King or Counfail not curious in
a matter of fo great Confequence, then to fpeake earneftly in the matter. For
confidering our being unprovided of a Fleet at Sea, and lb many of our beft Men
abfent, yt may be a DefTeign that may diforder us, both by Diverfion in Ire-
land., (when the Adtion fliall be in moft warmth in the North,) and may do
fom Exploit of importance here, thoughe in the Conclufion, we fliall turn their
Audacities back in their own Throats.

The Queen wrote this Letter to Monfieur Sourdiac to learn the Secrets of the
MefTage; to which Office, reafon would think, that both the King is tyed in
Honour, and he particularly, to whom her Majeftie whileft he governed that
Port, in the tyme that yt was in Danger, and his whole Goverment in Perill,
did give fo great Affiftance. The ^{een is informed of this matter of Breft by

* Crotli Annahs de Rebus Bdgich, Lib. 8.

this

Book 11. Negotiation in France. 7 1

rhis Means, Mr. Shnon KcUigrcw being at Brcjl when the MciTagc came, was An. 15'99.
bidden by the Lady, to tell yt the ^neen.

Of Ireland, this is only the Subltance, that the Earle is by this returned to
'Dublin., and preparcth to go into the North ; he harh done as muche as couid be
done by tlic Sword, on the Rcbells in Mwifter and Lemijta^ ; for he hath pal-
Jed at his Pleafurc where he lifted, notwithftanding all the Plots they could ulc,
ether of Force or Stratagemc. But the Rouges fliunne fight, and fo know how
to f[?end us, and cat us out with tyrae. Of iomc other Particulars, this Note
ihall inform you that is inclolcd.

And now. Sir, for the Depts, in which you make fome doubtfullncfs how
they can be vcrifyed, I fend you as muche Li^ht as can be had. Fyrji, the
^leen doth vc?y fer'mijly prcjfe the Ambnfador here, for Payment of fbme
prefent Portion, as I dowbt not but he will wryte. Secondly, when I acquaint-
ed her with your Opinion, to receave fome Payment in Corne, her Majeftie did
not muche miflike it; but ilie is muche curious to open her felf fo farre, leafh
rhey think ihe fliould be content with any thing; but yf yt be carried on by
you, and all Circumftances confidercd of Price and Meafure, and where yt Ihall
be delivered, I fynd yt here thought not inconvenient to hearken to yt, fo as
yt be a Motion made from them, and not by you.

And for the Depts in which you defyre to be more cleared, this Sir will be
your beft courfc, to fliew your Demaunds, which are to be fbme verifyed by
Bonds, Ibme depending upon Accorapts, according to the Lyfts agreed on by
Contra^ ; for when a Contradi was made for zooo Men in Tkardy for fix
Months, and they were continued by the King's Defyre for nyne Months more,
thoughe we have not a Bond for that Payment, yet yt hangs all upon one rea-
fon, and one Truthe ; and therefore we think, when you ask thofe things, they
iliould not prefs you to prove that by Bonds, which is by other AfTurances 16
demonftrable.

You fliall alio underftand, that the Frenche Ambaffador, as I think, hearing
that the Qiieen was informed, that Monjieur Betunes 'was arryved in Scotland^
andfo extraordinaryly ufed, did let the Queen know by me, that he was only
fent to vijit the King, and to jhow that he did not any way negledi him, and
that he Jhould give him no ill Cotin fail, but Jhould perfwade all good Amitie,
and returne this Way by the Queen, as a more exident Token of his Sinceritie ;
which when he told me, he alio fpake of his being purpofed to be the Perfbn,
which mud be inft ailed here for him. But I was commaunded to tell the Ambaf^
lador, as of myfelf privatly, thoughe his returne back this way will be mofl ac-
ceptable, and a great Evidence of his Correfpondency ; yet to do the other Of-
fice by a cafdall Jorney, and being not quallifyed with the Degrees, which here
is much expected, yt would fliew a more Negled:, then her Majeftie knoweth
the King would wilh of So as I have tanquam aliiid agens, informed the French
Ambajfador of this, and to the intent you may be provided to ipeake of yt yf
yt beipoken of there, with the Reafons, I do herewith touch yt to you. This
Note will alfo inform you of fome particular of the Accompts, all which you
muft ufe and urge as caufe is ; for when we know y t is due, we need not forbeare
to urge yt, becaufe we have not all Bonds ready, which iliall be fought out as
foon as we may find them, and muft in the mean Seafon be managed by your
good Difcretion, fo as not to work protradrion of all, for part.

Lafily, concerning Taget, her Majeftie will not willingly that you fliould en-
tertayne him, except you fee that he doth indeed ingage himielf with fome ef-
feituall particular Service ; for yt may be well faid, that he that by notorious
Faults hath loft his Soveraigne's Grace, muft by more then Words ranfome
the fame againe: In this Sort you muft ufe him, and fo difcover, what is the
Scope of his Overture; for that yt will never be beleeved that he is well enclined
hetherwards, becaufe he fayeth he milliketh fome Courfes which the reft of his
Fellows follow, (her Majeftie will not be fo overtaken,) till he do demonftrate yt
by EfTed ; which yf he do, you may then in generall Termes afiure him, that

the

7 2 Sir H E N RY Neville Book IL

j/in. 1S99- ths Qiieen will be good unto him, but that will be, when he hath made himfelf
as irrecoiicileable to the other Syde, as he hath made himfelf to this.

For Trejham, he is not worth the having, nether will the Qiieen have you
meddle with him. 'Denmark hath ufed us very ill, as you may fee, fo as her
Majellie hath little to Truft to, but God and her own quarrell.

Becaufe I know not but there may be bruites in Scotland, oi fome unkind-
fiefs like to grow between the King and the G^ieen about a Trifoner lately ar-
rived out of Scotland, you Jhall underftand this to be true, though to be report-
ed according to your Difcretion. There was a Gentleman of Buckhighamjhire
called Aijhjield, who coming to Berwick, obtained Licence from the Lord
JVilloiigbie-, to fee the King of Scots, with promife to return within fix or eight
Days ; to this my Lord afTented, but after underflood from Sir William Bowes
■her Majeilies AmbafTador, that he was entred into high Matters with the Lord
of Seaford, a Man very ill ajfecied to this State; whereupon, my Lord JVil-
lougbie began to lulpecS yt might turn to his own Difpleafure, to have fuffered a
Man to have paffed lo llightly, and thereupon he refblved to revoke him homCj
and fo did by his Letter. But he knowing well how far he had gone, intended
nothing lefs, and fo made frivolous Excufes, without returning; in Conclufion,
the Lord Willoiigbie refolved to have him home by fair or foul means ; and fo
dilTembhng his Difpleafure, fent into Scotland "X copleof his Servants, who put
themfelves into his Company ; and one Evening going to make merry at Liethe,
carried him into a Coach of the Lord Ambajfadors which was then in that
Towne and going empty to Edinborough ; wherein as foon as they had him,
they carried him ten Miles towards Berwick, and there fet him on Horfeback
with luch Horfes as they had provided, and fo brought him into England.

This was done, I aflure you before God, without her Majeflie's Knowledge,
thoughe not now mifliked ; for fo foon as the AmbafTador heard that he was
taken away, he fent to an Englilhman's Houfe where he lay, and there didfynd
divers Tapers of his , by which yt apj^eared how far he had entered into
Pra6tice with Seaford, all tending to offer the King from 'Briefs and Catho-
lic ks in England afflflance for the getting of the Crown, yf he would give affu-
rance of Tolleration of Religion, with divers other pa^^ticular things not fitt
for Baper. With this accident, Seaford, (who is in great Favour wvth the
King) hath incyted him to be difpleafed ; for yt greveth him to fynd that his
dealing with A'ifofield is thus difcovered. And therefore the King after this fell
out fent for the AmbafTador, and told him, that his People did think this a
great Indignitie to have this Man ftolne away, being in his Kingdom and fo
in his Proted:ion. The AmbafTador anfwered, that of a Truth he wasnotprivie
to yt, and fo the matter pafl on with Ibme Sharpnefs, which is all that is worth
your knowledge ; for the King is pacifyed againe, and imputeth yt wholly to my
Lord JVilloiigbie' s Care to avoid her Majefties Difpleafure, and yet chafFeth much
againfl him. The Man is a Bapift fince his Birth, a Banckroupt, and of lewd
Conditions : He is now brought up hither, and likeinough to receave the Reward
of a Traytor. Thus have you the whole Truth, though it hath bin fo carried,
as fmce his Imprifonment he hath confefTed that he came away with his good
Will, culloring his Adions now he finds himfelf taken with this Affirmation,
that all the Offers that he made, was but to trye how they were af!e6ted and
then to have revealed yt. Whereof, thoughe there be nothing more falfe, yet
are we content to take advantage, the better to quit my Lord PFillougbie's
Pradtife in taking him away. Now you know all, you may ufe all as you pleafe.
And fo I commit you to God.

Tour very loving Friend,
From the Court and affeSfionate Kinfman,

at Greenwich. RO. CECYLL.

B.S. Since the Writing of this Letter, I find her Majeftie refolved not to wryte
a long Letter to the Irving, concerning the Matter oi Marfeilles, but only a Let-
ter

Book II. Negotiation in France. 73

tcr of Credence for you to relate yt to him; for which Purpofe I have thought yj -^rqa
good to lend you that long Letter which ihc Ihould have ligned, for your bet- ^_/-v^<J
ter Information, and the other Letter of Credict.

Sh' Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Orleans, \V^ 'July 15-99. O. S.

I Have this Morning receavcd your Honor's of the -l' of 'July, together with
Monficilr de BoiiiUon's and Zancies Bond for the 20000 Crovvnes, and like-
wife the Copies of Cardinal Andreds'LQX.rQr, ;ind the Anl'were to yr, and of the
Aniwere made to the Hambonrgbcrs, for which I humbly rhank you. By the
iamc Letters, I pcrccave her Majefties p'.rpole to infill upon the Qonfirmatton of
the Treaty oi Blois^ wherein I luppoie you will fynd no great Difficultie here,
for Monfieur de Villeroy feems very forward in y: ; and beiydes, I underftand,
as I have wryttcn heretofore unto your Honor, that upon my fyrft Motion of
yt, yt was propofed here in Couniail, and a /eed upon. And therefore, becaufe
in your laft Letter before this, yt plealed your Honour to commaund me to in-
form my ielf ijvbat was fyt for ns to reoiuire therein, wherein I conceaved you
meant, 'sjhat was fyt to be added or altered in yt, I am bold to lend you my
poor Conceit of yt. . .

Ftrfi, Whereas the Exemption of the DroiB d' Anbeine and fome other
Poynts, feem to be conditional}, and to depen I upon the Eredion of a Staple
or Fondic of our Commodities in Fraunre, as was Ibmtyme at Antwerpe and
Bruges; for that I fynd by the Marchants trading in thele Parts, that they are
not defyrous to have any fuch Company or Corporation eftablilhed here, by
reafon of the chargablenels of yt, and not being don, yi: may always minifter
them heare occafton of Qiiarrell and Cavill againft their PriveHges : I do there-
fore wifli, That all Graunts of F'riveleges and Immunities, therein accorded to
our Nation, may be abfolute, and founded only upon the refpedt of the inter-
courfe and Amitie between the two Princes and Realmes, and upon no other
Condition.

Secondly, Yf they infifl ftill upon that Poynt of the Fondic or Englijh Houfe^
I thinck yt fyt that her Majeflie require /^^-i? Exercife of Religion for her Mar-
chants, in luche Places, where thofe Fondis Ihall be ellabliflied.

Thirdly, I wifh that it be efpeciallie provided for in the Treaty, that there
ihall be no Letters of Mart or Reprefall executed eyther upon the Land or in
any Port, but upon the Sea only ; for this is a Poynt our Marchants do efpe-
ciallie feare, and therefore defyre yt may be prevented.

Fourthly, that the T^Ar^j zndilmpojitions xxWqA fmce the Year I'SJ^, may be
putdowne; wherein her Majeftie hath the Advantage, for by that Treaty, the
King of France is barred from raifmg any new Impofitions upon our Commodi-
ties, and the ^een left at Liberty.

Fiftly, Vhat the King fhall not fuffer any College, or Seminary of our Englijh
Fugitives, to be ere<5ted, or continued here.

Sixtly, that no Bark or Shallop of Dunkerk, or other Port under the Enemies
Obedience, armed or provided for the Warre, may be luffcred to have Harbour-
ing or retraiSi in the Ports of this Kingdom ; which yf yt be performed, will
take away that great Liberty and Boldnefs which they have ufed upon the nar-
row Seas of late, to her Majefties exceeding Dillionor, and the Dammage of her
Subjeds. .

To this would likewife be added fome Claufe, touching the IVarranty of the
Sale of our Clothe, Kerfey, Bayes and Cotton here, in luch Sort as yt is made,
wherein our Marchants are moft trowbled, efpeciahe about the Northern Clothes^
which I perceave is one of the cheefeft Commodities here : For the Oiiiccrs do
continually pick quarrells to the falle making of them, and threaten them with

U Confif-

^74 Sir Henry Nevill'j Booklf.

^ft. 1 5:99. Confifcation, and by that means dayly draw Mony from the Marchants, and y£
yt be not eipecially provided for, is like in tyme to ferve for a Pretext to ba-
niili that kind of Clothe wholly. Which befydes the prefcnt Prejudice, being
uttered here in good quantity and to a good valevv, and not being vendible al-
rooft in any other Place ; may happily be a Step and a Precedent, to proceed
further againft the reft of our Cloathes upon like occafion ; for in very Deed, the
Marchants themfelves confefle, that all our Cloathes are made more faulty then
heretofore. The Way how to provide for this, the Marchants which Trade hi-
ther will beft inform your Honor, and what yt is they defyre in that Poynt.

For the third Toint^ of executing Letters of Mart only at Sea, I think yt
greatly for our Advantage, becaufe we are ftronger then the Frenche at Sea, and
therefore not fo fubjcd: to Reprefalls there ; and have more Goods and Comodi-
ties aiwayes in their Countrie, then they have in ours, and thereby more in Dan-
ger of Seafure at home. And I do the rather mention y t, becaule in my Confe-
rence with Monfieur deVllleroy and Bellievre, about the Letters of Mart
graunted againft our Nation to certaine of Bayonne, whereof I wrote in my laft f
I found that they both inclined to that Opinion, that yt was not fit that Mar-
chants iliould be touched by fuch Letters eyther at Land, or in any Port ; and
therefore they have promifed me, when we come to Bloys (where the Chancel^
lor is already,) that Matter iliall be conferred of, and Order taken in yt. I find
them both to infift upon the other Point , which I prefTed upon that particular
out of the Treaties of 15' 5-9 at * Cambrejis, and i5'<^4- at ]Troies, which are the
lateft that mention that matter ; viz. That Reprefalls Jhotild be contra 'Delin-
quentes, eorum boita Fa5iorefque, ^ hoc in Cafti manifefla denegationis jufti-
tia: Which they lay is not equall, for a Man may do a Spoile at Sea, which ey-
ther may be nothing worth, or being of fome Worth, may perhaps nbver go to
Sea againe, nor happily have any Goods out of the Realme wherein he dwells,
whereupon Reftitution may be made ; fo that they feem to ftand upon this, that
Letters of Mart may be executed againfi any of the Nation which doth the
Wrong, at Sea, hit not at Land, or in any 'Tort; and that, after reqiiifitioii
of Jujiice, and refufal ofyt by the Trince to whom the Requijltion was made.
And this furely in my poor Judgment, with fome good Explanation of the man-
ner of the Requifition, and a competent Tyme to do Juftice in, and to make
Certificate of the Proceeding to the Prince requiring Juftice, before which Cer-
tificate, Letters of Mart fliould not be graunted, would prove a very good and
indifi^rent Courfe for both Nations. But howfoever, I thought yt my Duty to
advertife your Honor of this their Opinion in tyme, becaufe I verily beleeve yt
Will be propofed unto you in the pourluite of this Treaty ; wherein I alfo fup-
pofe, you will find no Difficulty on their Part , to adde that Condition of the -
King's or Admiral's Tajfport, to fuch Shipps as you intend Ihall pafs free : And
fo to make the Claule copulative, which is now disjunctive, eyther to Flagg or
PafTeport.

As to the Matter of the Corn to be carried hence into Spaine, althoughe for
this prefent Yeare yt is not like to come greatly in Queftion, becaufe the abon-
dance in Spaine is fuche as they iliall not muche need their Neignoours; yet
Will yt be very necefiary to be thought of in other Years, and to be provided
for; wherein your Honour fliall find a dired Precedent, in the Treaty % 15-4(5
between King Henry the Eighth and King Francis the Firft oi Fraunce, Article
the 2^-, viz. ^od Neuter aiCiorum principtim, alterius regna vel dominia in''
vadenti aut expugnanti, invader e vel expugnare conanti, aux ilium, favor eifi^
fubfiditim, naves, pecunias, gentes armorum, viBualia, aut aliam affifientiam
quamcunque public e vel occult e, direBe vel indireBe, dabit aut praftabit, nee a
fiibditis fuis dari vel pra^ari confentiet, aut permittet\, fed re alitor & ex-

* Rymer'^s Fosdera, Vol 15. ;.. 50 j, erf.
-j- Rymer's FceJera, Vol, 15. p. 640, ere.
^ Rymr's Foedera, Kc/. ij. p. 93, 94, c/c, Berhtrt'$ Hiftory of Ben. the 8th, p /5o^^ .^c.

frefse

Book II. Ncgottation m France. 75

p-efse renitettcr, probihchit, ^ cjfeEtualltcr impcdlet. Which muft needs be An. 1599.
undciflood of furnifliing Vidtualls and other Aid there mentioned, by way of -^'v- ^-^
Marchandifc, as well as otherwilb: For yt cannot bethought, that any Subjcdls
would fiirnifhc fuche tilings to another Prince, but upon^Salc, and for Mony ;
and fo at the lead mufl this King be bound to prohibit yt, at fuch tyme as thcJ^^-
niards make any Army to invade us; and yt may be he will fboner condclcend
to make the Treaty hi thofe geverallTermes, then particularly to name Spaine,
unlefs her Majeftie be contented that he ihall in his Prohibitions name in like
fort, both England and Spaim, which perhaps will not be any thing to our Pre-
judice, confydering we are neyther vidualled nor furniilicd wkh Armes or inat-
tcrs of that Nature out oi France; but efpecially yf that Claufe be added, iz'ith-
out the King's exprefs Licence., for of that we arc always to hope more at the
lead at this King's Hands, then our Enemies.

I mud alfo advertife your Honor, that at my lad Conference, I dealt with
Monfieur de ViUeroy., as I had likewife done before, to move the King to for-
bidd the new ereEiing of the Colledge of our Seminary Triefls at Rheimes, which
I did upon Information that yc was very muche laboured, and that the Confcnt
of the Clergy of theTowne was already obtained. His Anfwere vvas, " That he
" had already by the King's Command wrytten to the Archbijhop of Rheimes
" about yt, whofe Anfwere he expecftcd very fliortly, Likewiie I dealt with
" him about the forbidding of the 'Dunkerker's Retrait into the Ports of this
" Reaime, wherein he told me the King had already taken Order :" But what in
particular he told me not, neither did I greatly prels him, becaufe I mean to learn
the Truth of y t by fom other means.

Monfieur ae la Mottbe Fenelon is upon his Departure for Spaine ; and Mon-
fieur de Vtlleroy hath afllired me, that he hath recommended Mr. Lock unto him
in fuch fort as your Honor defyred. I have wrytten unto him where he fliall
meet with Monfieur la Motthe. Monfieur de Villeroy will not own to me that
the * King \\2x\v prolonged the Termefor the Mar qui fate oiSalluces., neither will
Monfieur de Bellievre acknowledge yt, which makes me a Httle dagger ; yet I
am prone to beleeve yt, becaufe I heard yt from one of good Place very fami-
liar in Monfieur de Villeroy' s, Houfe ; and befy^ies I hear the Generall of the Cor^-
delyers who treated yt, departs very fliortly towards Italy, well contented as
yt is fuppofed.

- As foon as I receave Anfwere to niy written Tropofition I fent you by Si-^
'mens, I will fend yt with fuch other Advertifements as ihall occurre in the meaa
cyme. And lb, ^r. "' "^^^'*'' • ■:'^'' '

Tour Honor's, Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Blots r'^^^ July i'^<)(). O.^.

T may pleafe you to underdand that I receaved your Difpatch of the ib"^ Ju^
^^ /y the X3'' of the fame, and thereupon fent to the Court to pray Audience^
which was granted me againft the next Day. At my repayre unto the King I
delivered him her Majedie's Letters, fliewed him the Effed of them, and related
at length the State of theCaufe, as yt is contained in theCopie of the Letter
which her Majedie fyrd intended to wryte ; avowing on her Majedie's Behalf,
^*' That the Prize of the Marfeillian Ship by her Majedie's Ship of Warfe, was
.^' judifyable by the Law of Armes and by his ow^n Ordonances, and a thing
*' done in his Service and not any way be called in quedion: Whereas on the
*' other fyde, the Marfeillians, in taking of the EngliJIo Ship, had utterly no

^ ^ " CuUour

j6 &'r Henry NevillV BooklL

y^u. iS99- " Cullour or Foundation, but that yt was done altogether without any Form of

^ " Juftice, of their owne Authority, without any Comm'iJJion or Letters of Re-

" ;prefdU from the King-, and without requiring Juftice fyrft in England^ as all

" the Treaties, both old and new, do in that cafe require : And therefore, al-

" thoughc there might be fome Doubt conceaved of the former Prize made by

" her Majeftie's Ships ofWarre; yet, for as much as the fecond Prize made by

" them oi Marfeilks, was maniteftly unjuft and againft the Treaties; yt was

" jufl; and reafonable, and To I did require on her Majeflie's Behalf, that her Sub-

" jedts might be reintegrated in the Ship and Goods then taken from them, and

" recompenfed of the Dommage, LofTe, and Charges they have faftained about

" that Caufe, and that afterwards the Right and Juftice of the former Prize might

" be debated; wherein her Majeftie would be always content to yeald to that

" which was jufl and reafonable. The King anfwered, he would be very forry

" any Subjects of his fliould offer wrong to any of his good Sifters, and that he

" would by no means permitt yt; and therefore willed me to deliver a Note of

'• the matter to his Counfail, who iliould confider of yt and give me Anfwere.

" Then I told him, that upon relation from me of the Complaint he had ufed at

*' ray firji znd fecond Audience, of want of Juftice on our part upon Offenders

" and Offences at Sea, (as he had receaved Information from his AmbafTador)

" her Majeftie had fent thofe fhe had deputed to deale in thofe Caufes to his

" Ambajfador, to know wherein he found himfelf greeved, and to let him fee

*' the Particularities and Reafons of their Proceedings ; who upon that Confe-

" rence confefTed, he had in all Points receaved very good Juftice, and that

*• touching the Delay ufed both in the Judgment and Execution of fome Caufes,

" now he was informed of rheReafon thereof, he was likewife very well latif^

"' fyed: And that her Majeftie thought yt fitt to let him know thusmuche,

*' that he might fee the Regard flie bare to him, and her Delyre to give him and

" his Subje6ts all good Contentment. He told me, he took yt in very kind

"' part, that her Majeftie was fo carefull to fee Juftice done unto his Subjedls,

"' and willed me to affure her of all good Correfpondency on his part.

Then I came to fpeake of the Advertizements her Majeftie had receaved, of
the two Spaniards coming to Breft, and their Errand thither, which the King
would in no wife beleeve, faying, " that Monfieur ^e iy^ar^i^r parted from him
" at Orleans\mt fower Days before, and he was fure would have told him yf
" there had been any fuch thing. Ireplyed, that the Queen was advertifed by
" fb good means, that flie could not but give fome Credit unto yt ; and therefore
" prayed him to inform himfelf of the Truth of yt, and to acquaint her Majeftie
*' with yt, that fhe might thereby difcover the more of the King of Spaine's
" DefTeigns; and to take order, that neither there nor in any other Port of his
"' Kingdom, they might receave any Harbour or Succour, yt being a thing al-
" together contrary to the Treaties, and farr from that Friendfliip that her Ma-
" jeftie had caufe to exped: at his Hands He willed me to ajfttre the ^een,
" that there Jhould not be any fuch thing permitted in any place of hisKing-
*' dom, and feemed to wonder that xhQ Spaniards fhould prefiime fo muche upon
" him, faying, there was no fuche good Intelligence between them, but he
" would fend to Monfieur de Sourdiac.

" After this I told him, that his AmbafTador had fignifyed unto her Majeftie,
" that he was willing to continue the Treat ie of Blois made between her and
" King Charles the 9*, which flie took as an Argument of his good Affediouj
" in that he was defyrous to confirm a Treat ie off freight Amitie between
them and their SubjeBs as that was, and had willed me to let him know,
that fhe did likewife very willingly afTent unto the Continuance and Confirma-
tion of yt; and that flie was alio well content to annex and incorporate into
" yf> f^(^h Articles as had been moved to be eftabliflied, for Reformation of
" Abufes committed at Sea; only flie defyred him to allow of fome Alteration
" in one of them, which concerned the free Tajfage of all Shipps carrying
II French Flaggs, wherein ihe had already found great Inconveniency, as I par-

^' ticularly

Book II. Negotiation hi France. 77

" ticiilarly rclicarfcd unto him, oi the fotir '^\yx\\\'\\ Sbipps which cfcaped by yif/;. 15-99.
" that means, and of the two Rife ahi'tcrs which brought Succours to the Re- _
" hells in Irelatid; and therefore dciyrcd that Tome other Expedient might be
" thought of, which might cffcdt his I'urpofc andDclyre, without fuch notable
" Prejudice to her Eftate, and Benefit to her Enemies.

" The King faid, it was relbn there fliould be a Didindlion made betwcnc
" Friends and Foes. I asked him how that could be, yf the carrying of a Flagg
" (which all Shipps that tcared us would be lure of,} were made a lufficient War-
" rant for any Shipp to pais unlcarched, or uncontroll'd; and therefore prayed
" him againe to coafider, how little Rcalbn and Safety there was for the Qliccii
" in that Couifc.

" I told him alfo, that there are fomc few Points likewife which her Majeftic
" dcfyred might likcwilc be added to the Treaty oi Blois yt fclf, which I hoped
" upon Conference would appear fo rcafbnablc, as they would not be difiikcd.
" His Anfwere to all was, that he would depute fome of his Cotinfail^ to treat
" of thefc Poynts with me, and would be ever willing to give the Queen his
" good Sifter all Contentment realbnable;" and fo diihiiflcd me, having fyrft
ihewed me where the Duke of Guife was killed ; and made the more hade to
dilparch mc, aslguefs, becaufe xhc Jlmbafador oi Savoy was attending without
in the mean time for Andience.

That Afternoon, which was the fyrft Opportunity I could have, I was with
Monfieur Villeroy, and repeated unto him what had paiTed between the King
and me, and defyrcd I might receave fome Satisfadion in the Matters I had mo-
ved. " For the Matter of iV/^ryJiZ/fj-, he faid Monfieur de Bo/ /Ffe had wrytten
" of yt, and had advertized him that the Commiflioners were all of Opinion,
" that the fyrft Prize made by the Queen's Ships was not good, and that Refli-
" tution lliould be made thereupon; which being done, thofe of Mar/ei lies
" would likewife reftore the Prize they had taken; but that fince fome of the
" Counfail had bin of another Mind, belike upon fome particular Refpedt and
" Intereft. I told him, no particular Man could have Interefl in that Prize, be-
" ing made by one of the Qireen's Ships of Warre, and therefore that was but a
" mean Surmize without Ground. He faid he was informed, that at that very
" inltant, the Marfeillians did ordinarily trade, and were wellcome into Eng-
" lcind~, and were not at that tyme aBually declared dgainft the King, and
" therefore had no Warre with us; and yf they had bin i'o declared againft the
" King, yet as we jufhfyed our Prize upon them by the Warre, fo would they
" juftifye theirs upon us ; which I feeing to be his cheefe Anchor-hold, told him,
" that we did not fo much juftify the Prize we made by the Warre, (for that in-
" deed the Marfeillians were not then in a£fual Rebellion againft the King) as
" by the King's Ordinance, confifcating all Goods that his Subjedrs Ihbuld carry*
" to any Towne revolted, which gave Authority to any in his Service, to feaie
" and take them: And that thofe Ships of Warre were then in his Service, and
" at his Requeft appointed to keep the Coaft for that only purpofe, to impeach
" the Traffick, and to interrupt all fuche things as fliould be carried to any of
" thofe revolted Towns. On the other fyde, iht'Prizeva-xQPihY the Marfeil-
" Hans upon us, which were then the King's Friends and theirs, and without
" eyther Letters of Reprefall from the King, or 'without any Requifltion of
" Juftice made on their farts.) and refufed on ours -^ was without any Ground
" pr Collour of Juftice , and contrary to all the Treaties betwene the two
" Crownes: And therefore that yt was juft and meet that the Queen's Subjects
" fliould be firft reintegrated in that which was taken from them without any
" Form of Juftice, and afterwards the Right of the other Prize might be debated
" likewife. He replyed nothing, but only wiflied me to AehYtx a particular
" Memoriall of the Cafe in Wry ting, which he would prefent to the Counfail.^
" and procure me an Anfwere.

Touching the Juftice done upon their Complaints, he confefled their Ambafla-
dors had given very good Teftimony of his Satisfadion. " For the matter of

X Brefi

Sir Henry N e v i l l'j Book II.

^n. I5'99. " Breji he anfwered as the King had done, but promifed to be throughly inform-
" ed of yt; afluring me the King would permitt no fiich matter, to the Hurt or
" Disfavour of her Majellie, with whome he fo muche dcfyred to holdall good
" Amity and Correfpondencie. , -

"He told me alfo, that the Queen fliould not need to doubt any fuch Attempt
*' now ; for thoughe the King of Sfa'ine had aflembled a good Army at lengthe,
" yet he thought he had no hitention to provoke her Majeflie anew; and al-
" thoughe he had, yet at this tyme he was forced to imploy his Forces anothef
" way, by reafon that the States Army had taken the Great Canarie^ as cer-
" tayne Advertifements came yefternight.

Hence we came to fpeake of the Treaties of Blo'is, and the Regle^tent for
Marine Caufes: " For the fyrft, he faid, the King was ever willing, as he had
" often told, to make ilreight Amitie with the Queene, eyther by renewmg that
" Treaty, or in any other fort that fliould be reafonable; and faid, your Honor
" had defy red to add two Articles unto yr, which their AmbafTador had lent
" him, and that they were likewife defyrous to add fom in Behalf of their owne
" Marchants." Whereupon fearing they might be fiiche, as might mart all the
*' reft, and take away the Advantage we have now in that Treaty : " I told him
" my CommiJJion was double in this matter ; Fyrft-, To propofe the renewing
"' theTreaty as yt is, where the King feems tyed by the Treaty to declare his
" Intention to her Majeftie, Ihe being the Survivor, and he the SuccefTor of him
" who laft confyrmed yt. Secondly, To move the Addition of thcfe Articles
*' that had bin Ipoken of to Monfieur Boijijfe and fom other, iia which cafe they
*' might hkewile move Addition on their part; but yf they ihould not agree up-
" on the Additions, yet the Queen conceaved that the King had offered her
" Confirmation of the Treaty as yt is, to which he fcemed to alTent:" And
thereupon he entered into fom Speeche of Diflike of the fecond Point required to
be added touching the Staple of the Hanfes ; " I told him, yt was a, thing might
" be greatly prejudicial! to her Majeftie, yf they might be fuffered to make
** France a Bridge and Paftage to convey their Commodities of that kind into
" Spaine, and would neyther agree with our Amitie, nor greatly advantage
' ' France, that their new and fcarce ajfured Friend, Jhould be fo ^ftrengthned
" againft us, their fo well approved Friends. He bad me allure my lelf that the
" King would never luffer yt; but in fom things he faid we muft truft them, or
" yf we would needs require an Article for yt, yt muft be generall, without
" naming any particularly, eyther to whom, or from whom, thofe Commodi-
" ties Ihould come.

Laftly, We came to Ipeake of the Alteration requyred in that Article o? Re-
glement touching the free PalTage of all Ships bearing Frenche Flaggs, which he
infifted much upon, faying, " That it was agreed upon after long Debate and
" Confultation on both Sydes, and that yt was the only way to prevent the
" Abufes and Spoils which would be committed, yf liberty of fearching were
" permitted. I told him, for the firft Point I was very well acquainted with the
" Proceedings of this matter, and I did know very perfedly, that this Point
" was very much infifted upon by your Honor, and abfolutely refufed to be pal^
" fed in that fort he requyred yt, and that Monfieur de Boifijfe had affented to
" admitt fom Exceptions; but that afterwards her Majeftie, upon new Inftance,
" being ever defyrous to give the King all Contentment that her Eftate would
" permitt, had condefcended to make lomTryall of the Courfe he propounded,
" and that upon try all thereof flie had found fo great Inconveniency already hap-
*' pened, and like to happen dayly, as ihe had juft Caufe to refufe yt, and to
" pray the King to be contented, that fom other more indifferent courle might be
•' thought of, which was the fureft way to make the Treaty to have Continu-
" ance; whereof otherwife Neceflitie would enforce them to breake yt, who
" found fo great Inequality and Difadvantage in yt. For the fecond I faid, the
" Experience they had lately made of her Majeftie's Care and Indulgence to mi-.
" nifter Juftice in the like Complaints, might fecure them from all Dowbt orDan-

Book 11. Negotiation in France. 79

" gcr of any Abtfc to grow that way ; and therefore I prayed him not to do her An. iS99'
* Majcftie that wrong to didnift her any more then ihe did them, bur that in
" confidence one of anothers Sincerity, as was meet to be among good Friends,
" we might think of fom equal! Courle for bothe. He fayd, he did not fee how
" there could be any other iafc Courfc deviled for their lydc. Thereupon I told
" him, I was fure Monfleur ^r Boijijfe had acquainted him with that which had
" bin propounded from your Honor out of their owne Ordinances-, which I al{b
" fliewed him, together with another Article I had collected out of rhe lame
" Ordinances^ whereof I fend your Honor a Copie: And I fayd, as rheir Kings
" had thought yt rcafbnablc to prefcribe that Law not only to their Subjedls, but
" their Aliyes alfo, fo was yt as reafonable and as lawful! for her Majeftie to do
" the fame: And therefore I wifhed that we might follow thofe Ordinances as a
" Ground, and add thereunto fiach other Conditions, as ihould be reafonable.

" His Anfwere was, that we miglit make what Ordinances we would, for Go-
" vernment of our own People, and fb might they for theirs; but in penning a
" Treaty^ both Sydes muft agree, and nether Intcrefts mufl govern the other.
" I replyed, that they had made that Ordinance, to take hold of their Allies as
" well as their Subjedls; and yf we now required them to be contented to re-
" ceave the fame meafure they had given to others, they could not with any Rea-
" Ion or Juffice refufe yt ; for yf yt were juft on their Syde, yt is as juft on
" ours. At length being thus prefTed upon that Point, he faid, I fliould con-
" ferr with the Couvfail\\'^ox\. all thefe Matters, and they would confider of them^
' ' and give me Anfwere.

After this, becaufe I would give him fome occafion, to difcover the Caufe of
the Hamhirghers coming hither, and their Negotiation here; I told him, " lun-
" derftood there were fuch AmbafTadors here, who had lately bin in EnglaJid^
" and not having obtayned their purpofe there, yt may be they might make a
" partial! Report oi their 'Differences with her Majeftie, to her Diladvantage
" and Diflionour; and therefore I thought good to let him know the Truth of
" yt, which I did fommarily, according to the Wryting your Honor fent me.
He feemed very glad to be informed of it, and faid " he would be always ready
" to juftify her Majeftie's Honor, in her Proceedings with them and the reft of
" the Hanfes ; but that in Truth, the Hamburghers had made no Complaint of
" her Majeftie's Proceedings to his knowledge, and that their bufynefs here, was
" only to renew fuch Privelidges, as had bin graunted them heretofore in this
" Kingdom. I prayed him, therein to have a regard, that there might grow no
" wrong or prejudice to his other Allies, efjjecially in fuche Sort as I had before
" mentioned; he willed me to afture my felf, that there was no fuch thing re^
" quired, nor yf yt were, would be granted.

" Lafily, I told him I had receaved Commaundment to make new Inftance
" for the Payment of the Mony, the Queen my Miftrefs had lent the King;
" but I did forbeare yt, until! I had receaved Anfwer to my Tropo^tion I had
" delivered, cheefly touching that Matter: Hoping that the Reafon and Juftice
" of the Caufe being fuch as yt fpake fufliciently for yt felf, they would with-
" out any finrther pnrfiiite^ determine to give her Majeftie fuch Anfwere aS
*' might content her, which I prayed him I might receave vi^ith fom Expedition,
" having fo long already attended for yt, and her Majeftie being in great Ex-
" pecStation of yt. He faid, I had done well to forbear to make any new In-
" ftance in yt to the King, who lacked rather means then will to give her Ma-
" jeftie Satisfadion ; for the matter he faid, he had the very day before moved
" the Qounfail., that I might receave an Anfwer with fome Satisfaction to hef
" Majeftie yf yt were polTible, but he faw fo little hope thereof, that he was
* ' very loth to make me fuch an Anfwer as would fo little content me. I faid
" I muft needs urge him for an Anfwer, which I would be gladd might be fuche*
" as her Majeftie flight reap Ibm Comfort and Contentation for her Kindnefs
" towards the King ;'^ which had not bin an ordinary Kindnefs, but fuch as all
" the Allies of the Crowne of France put together, had not performed \o

" much

8 o Sir H E N RY Neville Book IL

An. 15-99. " much; whidi, added to her more then, ordinary Occarions«to require reim-
" bourfment, delerved more then an ordinary Anfwere. He confefTed all to be
" true that I laid, and that the King was bound in many Refpeds to give her
" Majeftie better Satisfadion, and protefted he had done and would do, hisbefl
' ' Endeavours in y t : But he law no poflibility for this prefent Yeare ; but they
" were now beginning drejfer lEfxat for the Yeare to come, wherein the King
" had commaunded, that there Ihould be exprefTe Regard had of her Majeftie's
" Contentation ; but what yt would be in particular, could not be knowen till
" they had finiflied the State, which would be about the end of Auguft ". He
advifed me to talk with Monfieur de Rofnl about yt, unto whom I went after-
ward, and receaved in effed the fame Anlwere.

Touching Monfieur de Bethme, Monfieur de Boijijfe had advertifed hint
what your Honor's Opinion was touching his being //(//^//^-c/ for the King,- which'
he fayth proceeded fyrft from a Motion made by lom in England to the Ambaf-
fador for that purpofe: But feeing he perceaves the Queen would not like of yt,
he fayth the King will think of lome other. " I made a Motion as of my felf,
" protelling that"! had no Commiffion to do yt, but that yt came only out of
" my Defy re that the King would not too much difcontent hti Majeltie, but
" iliew a defyre at leaft to latisfie her fome way, that he fliould make her an of-
" ftr of fome Corn, to be delivered at fome Ports moft convenient for her,
" which perhaps flie would accept in deed of Mony, at the leaft for fo muche
*' as llie Ihould had occafion to ufe in Ireland, for the vidualling of her Army
" and Garrifons there; or howioever, yet yt would fomewhat moderate the Dif-
" contentment which otherwife flie might juftly conceave, to be utterly neg-
" leded. He feemed to hearken willingly unto yt, and gave me thanks for put-
" ting him in mind of yt, faying he would propofe yt as of himfelf to the King,
" and that he verily hoped fomthing would be done that way ". So that now
yt may pleafe your Honor to let me know, how muche or to what a vallew her
Majeftie will accept in that Sort; for myne owne part, I think all is well gotten
that can be wonne otit of thefe Mens Hands : And as for the Prices, I make
no doubt but they will be as reafonable, or more, then the Prices in England,
for yt is the only thing that is cheape here. Alfo I would defyre to know at
what Places her Majeftie would defyre to receave yrr for I think that will be all
one to them.

I have procured the King's Letters under the Great Seale, to ftay the Executi-
on of the Letters of Mart graunted to certayne Merchants of Bayonne. And
for the matter of the Seminary at Rheimes, Monfieur de Villeroy Ihewed me
the Arcbbijhof s Letter to the King, wherein he confefTeth, thatfuche a thing had
bin moved and followed by one Barret an Englijh Triejl, that had heretofore
bin Governor of that Colledge; but that fince his Death which happen'd about
JVhitfuntyde laft, the Matter hath lyen dead, and now he underftands the King's
Pleafure in yt, he afTureth yt fliall not be revived.

I fend your Honor a Copie of the Commiffion graunted by the King to do Ju-
ftice in Marine Caufes, yt may pleafe you to give order to all fuche as haveCaule
of Complaint in that kind, to fend fom one over at common Charge, which may
be throughly inftruded in their Caufes, and armed with fufficient Proofes, which
iriay attend and follow their Bufynefs; my felf will be always ready to affift him
the beft I may ; but the Stating of the Caufes being at Rotten, and I remayning {o
far off, nether I nor any of myne, can attend to follow their Sutes ; I would be
gladd they might receave fom Juftice here, as well as their People have done in
England, and I hope to procure yt.

I thought good to fend away this Bearer with thus muche, becaufe lunderftand
Monfieur de Villeroy fends away to Monfieur de Boifijfe, and I hold yt fit your
Honor fliould be acquainted with all that hath pafTed betweene us, as well, and
as Ibone as he. Whiles thefe Matters are in handling, yt will be neceffary that
the Curriers be the more fet on work; thefe Matters once ended, there will be
iio more that Occafion, and the extraordinary Expence now, may be faved af-
terwards

Book II. Negotiation in France. it

tcrwards. As fbonc as I have treated with the Counfail, and receaved my An- ^^ icoo.
fvvcrc, 1 will i'cnd againc.

In the mean rime, I fend your Honor a Projed of mine owne for the Article
of theTr^'^ry ofT)epredatio'is^ which you dclyre to have altered, yt may be they
will elpeciiilly exxcpt to the Poind: of Viduaills ; your Honor will be pleafed I
hope, to let me umlerftand your Pleafure therein, and generally, what I iliall
ycald, and what I ihall infill upon. And fo, ^c.

Tottr Ho7ior's, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

• ' r,/-' ,f\-\ r-^ * ,^ • - ' till ry r* rt »i*v^.#...t ..

Sir Hcmy Neville io Mr. Se'cretaryCecYll.

Right Honorable^ Blois 28* July i5'99. O. S.

IUnderfllnd by many of my good Friends, and efpecially by mine Uncle
Killigrew, the Continuance of your Favour towards me, in. accepting my
poor Service and Endeavours here, that 1 hold my ielf ryed thereby as by many
other Favours, to render both the Teftimony and Effed of a dutifull and thank-
full Heart. I befeeche your Honor therefore?, to accept thefe few Lines as a
gage arid witnels of ray moft loya'l and faythfuU A^dion towards you, and to
arfure your fe!f always of my erneft Defyre and Readinefs to do you Service;
whereunto the more to engage my lelfe, I befeeche your Honor to. give me leave
to be a Sutor to you in the behalf of a Freind of myne, whoni I entreated to
com over with me in the Place of my Secretary, who is otherwife like for his
good Will to me, to liiftaine great Prejudice in his Abfence ; his Name is Rafe
IVhtwood, and his Cafe is this; he is Tenant to the Queene of the Mannor of
^elpyange'r, which is annexed to the Honour of Grafton^ in the County bf
Northampton, which (underflanding of the Sales) he was defyrcus before his
comming over with me, to have purchafed yt of her Majeflie; and to that pur-
pofe went to Mr. Soilicitor to conferr with him of yr, who alTured hjm that
yt was not within the CommiHlon, as being Parcel! of an Honour. Yet fince he
underflands the fame is paffed in a Book, to the ufe oiont Kettering Receavor of
Northampton/hire ; whereby he is greatly difapointed, and his whole State great-
ly interefted. My humble Sute unto your Honoi- is, that (forafmuch as he was
fiilly determined to have bought yt himfelf, and was only hindred by the Er-
ror of Mr. Soilicitor, and by his lb fpeedy coming away in my Company,) yt
would pleafe you to be a means, that for fome reafonable Confideration to be
given to him that hath paHed yt, the Purchafe mdy be made over unto hijn ;
which I Ihall take no lefs thankfully, than yf the Favour were done to my felf,
and lliall greatly acknowledge my Obligations increaled thereby towards your
Honour.

Befydes the matter contayned in my Difpatch, I have nothing more to wryte,
but that the xoooo Crowns for any thing I can fynd. Will not be paid till to-
wards Michaelmas, althoughe Rofni aflured Mr. Edmonds thty fliould be ready
as foon as the Obligation was brought, which I told him I now had, Jo little
Truji there is in their Tromifes. ,./'..",!•..'.■...•.■; -.X; -fi:; I

The King rode Poft yellerday to 'Taris, upon no occafioln'but to S^tt Madamoi-
felle d' Entr agues; which needs not, for he hath not been idle, neither at Or-
leans nor here, but hath had varietie brought him oiit of all parts ; and for any
thing I fee, he mynds nothing elfe, but that and hunting, and will hardly fay
one whole day with his Counfail. We know not when to look for him here a-
gaine, but his Counfail remains here. The Jorney to Lions is uncertayne, be-
caufe, as I faid once before, he hath prorogued the Terme for the Marquifat
untill the beginning of January, which being fo, there is no great Caufe of his
going to Lions , For his Marriage with the PrinceiTe of Florence goeth rather

Y backward

82 Sir Henry Nevill'j Book 11.

:^n. IS99- backward then forward, there having bin yet never any Motion made of yt di-
■' redily on his Part, and the Emperoiir pourfuing yt very yearneftly.

Of the Jj'chdnke's Arryvall in the Low-Qoiintrles we hear not yet, but fup-
ppfe he is well onward in his way thither. Here is a fecret muttering of an En-
terprize intended by the States, with forne fecrett Favour from hence, for the
Kingdom of Tortugall, in favour of the T)uke of Bfaganza ; not without the
fecret Allowance of the Tofe, as 1 am informed. And furely yf the Matter of
the Marquifat breake out into Warr, I thinke, verily yt will be fet on foot,
and will be communicated unto her Majeftie. In the mean tyme, fome Speaches
have bin caft out afar off of fuch a Matter, whereof I have laid no hold, be-
caule I had no Commifllon to warrant me to deale in that Matter.

The Trmces of Lorrain, abfblutely refufed to come with the King to this
Towncy faying they -ujould not march in the Blood of their Houfe. And io
hoping e're yt be long to have Occalion to wryte again, I humbly take my leave.

. Tour Honor'' s, &c

HENRY NEVILLE.

The * Chancellor is dead fince my comming to this Towne, and Monfieur de
Bellievre hath his Place. IJ Incarville, Controller of the Finances is likewift
dead; and Monfieur de ViennCi hzioxtTreforier de Efj^argne, hath fucceeded
him.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr.Secretar'y Cecyll.

, Right Honorable J Blots \^^ Auguft \s 99- O. S.

Y Was yeflerday in Conference with the Counfail, viz. the Chancellor., the
1 Archbijhop of Bourges, Monfieur de Villeroy, Monfieur de Mejfe, and Mon-
iueur de Rhofii, and propofed unto them, iyrlt the fame Things I had before
prelented in Wry ting at Orleans, " defyring I might after fo long Attendance
*"■ at length receave an Anfwere ; and in the Matter of the Mony, adding what
*' weight of Reafon and Perfwafion my poore witts were able to afford. Their
*' Anlweres were full of very good Words, acknowledging the Queen's many Fa-
*' vours, and the King's great Obligation to her : That they were already entered
*' into Confulration which way to give her SatisfacStion, and that very ihortly I
" fliould receave an Aniwgre". Afterwards we entered into Conference of the
Points I had laft in Charge : Firjl, touching the Matter of Marfeilles, which I re-
lated unto them, as I had done before to Monfieur de Villeroy, and certifyed in
my laiil Dilpatch. They anfwered, " they would with all convenient Speed in-
*' form themfelves of the Particulars of the Caufe, and then I fliould receave Sa-
•' tisfadtion. Secondly, welpake of the Article of the Treaty or Reglement of
*' depredations, which I defyred might be changed, and quallifyed in llich fort,
" as her Majeftie might be freed from liich Inconveniences as had thereby alrea-
" dy happened, and were dayly like to happen; which I declared in particular,
'^' fliewing that the Matter imported us muche more then yt did them; for yt con-
" cerned them only in 'Profit, but yt concerned us in ottr Trefervation, and
" that the Queen was refolute not to fuffer fo notable a Prejudice any longer;
" and therefore wilhed they would enter into Confultation of feme other Courie,
*' more equall and indifferent for us both ; and for the more fpeedy proceeding

* Philif Heurault, Marquis de Chiverny. Fu'tt vir, (fays Thuanus) ingen'io, prudentia, admirabllique in
Tiegotiis exfUcandii foUrtia ac dillgentia priditus ; turn pntcipue comitate ^ humanitate infgnis, qua fiebat, tit
nemo a confpetlu tn/lis difcederet : In Regni arcanis prijci maris, quem in Senatu oLim imhiberat, retinens,
quibu! per novas leges, ac inflituta tarn in Ci-viit quam in facra dijciplina quidquam dercgari ant frs.judicari,
quantum in ipfo fuit, toto magiftratu fuo fdjfui non efi, Hift..lib. 113. Vol. 4. p. 884.

" thereia

Book II. Negotiation in France. S^

" therein, liliid her Majcftic had propofcd unto Monficur Boi/ijfe, certaine Ar- An. ijoo,

" tides taken out of their owne Ordonances, which flic thought not impertinent

" to be put in Execution on both Sydes. Which being redd, were abfoJutely re-

" fufcd by them alJ, alleadging that thofe Ordonances were made for a tyme, and

" on a ipeciall Occafion, ever refilled by their AlHes as unreafonablc, therefore

" we mud not think to thrufi: them upon them now. I told them yf they were

" juft then when they mlde them, they were as juft now, no Prince having

" ever had more occafion to be jealous of that which is don at Sea, then her

" Majeftie hath now^ befydes, we required nothing of them but that we were

" content to yeald them, which would be no difadvantage ; and therefore they

*' mud be contented to leciire her Majeftie cythcr that way, or Ibme other way

" to the fame purpofc; for the greatcfi La-ji) of all, 'vnas that of a Mali's o-j::ne

" 'Prefcrvation-, and they migin be affurcd, the ^leeu -would not betray her-

" fi^f ^^^ '^^^ Eft ate, nor fuffer her Enemie to be armed and firengthned a-

*' gain ft her, when Jhe had Power to impeach yt\ and yf they were fiich

*f Friends to us as they pretended, they would not upon fh'cb pettit refpeEis of

•!" Profitt, urge any thing that they Taw by evident Proofcyo prejudiciall unto

"us; but would rather according to the Nature oi true Amitie, bear or fuffer

" a little for the good of their Friends ; and this was the only thing wherein

" we had hitherto had occafion to make tryall of their Friendihip towards us ;

I' all that hath paffed untiil now between us having bin burden and charge unto

" us, without any returne on their part. They aniwered, yt was not reafonable

" they fliould prefle any thing that ihould be fo prejudiciall unto us as yt feemed

" this might be; yet on the other Syde, they could not, any way endure that

" Toke of Servitude^ to have their Ships fearched ; affuring themfelves that

" Courfe would never pafs without gi-eat Wrong and Injuftice to the weaker; but

" they would confult of yt, and conferr with their Admirall and other Officers^

" who underftood more of thefe Matters then they did, and thereupon advife of

" fora Courfe which might be more to our Contentment j and advertife their Am-

" baflador of yt, to impart unto her Majeftie and her Counfaill.

I underftood fmce by Monfieur de Villeroy, That he had receaved freflh Ad-
vertifements out oi Spaine, contayning Confirmation of the taking of the Great
Canaries by the Hollanders, and withall that the King's Fleet is aiTembled at
Ferrol, confiding of 25-0 Sail or thereabout, and 12000 Men. His Opinion is^
yf the Hollanders poflefs and hold the Ifland, then the King will lend his whole
Fleet that Way ; otherWife, if they leave the Ifland and follow after prey and
gaine, he beleeves that a great Part of this Fleet will come for Ireland, or
fome Part of England, and therefore wifheth the ^leen not to be unprovided
in both.

Of the Matters of the Low-Countries, your Honor is better, and more fpeedy-
ly advertifed then they be here, therefore I forbear. I fend you a Copy of the
¥Jm<^?, Letters of Prohibition, to receave, harbor, or favour any Ships of Warre
in the Parts of this Kingdom. I thought good to fend this Bearer exprefly, the
rather, becaufe this Advertifemeht out of Spaine feems to be of Importance. _ I
fend your Honor a Copy of the Advertifements that came yefterday owtol Spaine^
which becaufe they feem to be of much moment, I have willed the Medenger to
take Poll that he may make haft. Yt may pleafe your Honor to confider of him
in his Allowance accordingly. You muft looke for no Money hence till the next
Year, and then, without all doubt, you hiay make fome certaine Account, to
receave fome good Somme.

The 20000 Crownes will not fail to be ready at Michaelmas^ and fliall be
t)aied at Roilen or T>iepe, which her Majeftie will.

The * Germain Army is already com to the Rhiite, with a purpofe to attempt
the Fort the Spaniards have built at Rees, to defend their Bridge. The Princes
that deal in this Adion are, the Duke of Bninfwick, the Landgrave of Hefsi,

Grotii AnnaUs de Ribus Belgick, lib'. 8i ,

84 &r Henry Neville Book II.

An. IS99- ^^^ the Marquis oiOnobtirk of the Houfe oi Brandenburgh, the reft have re-
tired themfelves. We hold they have aheady taken Berk. The Spaniards are
gone out of the IJle oi Borne II to meet with them, having left in the Foit 3000
Foot and 400 Horfe. The States labour by all means to joyne tX^tGermamAr-
my with theirs, whereunto moft of the Germam Commanders have aflented,
and yt is hoped yt will be effected, though feme be unwilling. The Duke of
Brunfwick and the Landgrave are looked for in Pcrlbn in the Camp every
Day. And fo I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's., &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Heniy Neville to Mr. Sevretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, 7 Aug. x^^<). O.S.

YT may pleafe you to underftand, that within a Day after I lent away my lafl:
Difpatch, " Monfieur de Villeroy cam to my Lodging at Blois, and after
" long and folemne Proteftations from himfelf and the reft of theCounfail, how
" forry they were that the King's Diftability at prefent would not lliffer him to
" give the Queen better Satisfadtion at this tyme^ acknowledging the great Ju-
" ftice and Reafon of her Demands, the King's great Obligations towards hef,
" and afluring me of a full and fettled purpofe in the King and them all, to give
"' her Majeftie very good Contentment this next Yeare:" He delivered me Ati-
fwere in wrjtiug, to that I had likewife frefented in 'wryting at my fyrft com-
ming loOrleance; " excufing the long deferring of yt, upon nis Delyre to have
" given me Ibm certaintie of that her Majeftie fhould expert this next Yeare;
" for which Caufe (but for the Injiafice and Earneftnefs I have ufed) he would
"' ftill have deferred yt, untill the State of the Receipts and Payemenrs for the
" next Yeare had bin J>erfaited, which would be within five or fix Weeks. But
" for my Satisfadion, and likewife for my Difcharge, that there might appear
" no Default in my" Dihgence, he had brought me this An fw ere in the meant
*' tyme, which he prayed me to interpret the beftof, and to afTure her Majeftie,
" that there wanted rather Means then good Will in the King to fatisfye her;
" and that he izmdd be alway ready, not only to pay her what he owed as foon
" as poJJJbly he could., to which in Honor andjufiice he was bound; but aljb to
" expoje his whole Force, and his own 'Perfon in her Defence, yfJJje had need
" at any tyme, to requite the faith full Friendjhip he had found at her Hands.

When I had receaved the Anfwere, I told him, ' ' I was forry that the great
" Deferts of her Majeftie, and the Reafon and Juftice of her Demands,
'* which they did fo fully acknowledge, together with the Inftance and Sollici-
" tat ion I had ufed ever fince my comming, had wrought fo little Efted' for her
" Majeftie's Contentation. I put him in mynd of that Speeche I had before ufed
" to the Counlail, namely. That I prayed them to cmftder to whom yt was
" that they were to give an Anfwere, and upon what SubjeEl and Occa-
" Jlon: That yt was to a great Trincejfe, who had moji faythfully and fmcere-
h ^Ifyfisd the King in his great eji Extremitie; and that having means, and
great opportunitie to have difmembred and ruined the Crowite of Yrzncc, and
" perhaps to have taken a good Tort ion ofyt her felf, (as many other ^Princes
would gladly have doft, and fom did, deteyjiingyt to thisT^ay,) c ho fe rather
to employ her uttermof Means and Forces to preferve yt ; and had effected
" perhaps more therein then all the refi of the Friends aitd Allies of the
Crowite of Yx^ncQ-^ neglediing in fom fort her own Affaires for that purpofe,
and not refufing to bring her felf into fom want to fupply them. That ihe
now demanding nothing but fom part of her own, whereof flie had disfurnifli-
"' ed her felf to furnifli them; and that not upon any light Occafion, but being
" as they all knew in adtual Warre, both ac home within her own Realme of

" Ireland

Book II. Negotiation in France. 8^

" Ireland znd abroad, againfl one of the j*rcatcft and niofl: porcnt Princes of ^7/. 15-09.

" Europe, whofc continual Attempts and DcfTeignes againfl her ihc could not -/"v^ -^

" rcpcH as flic had done, but with great and conrimiali Charge; and therefore

" that this her ib extraordinary Occafions, joyned with the great Reafon and

" Juftice of her Demaunds, dclcrvcd at their Hands a more then ordinary Ac-

" knowlcdgment and Care to content her. That this Anl'wcre might well have

" bin gecven to the Seignorie o'i Venice , or the ©w/lr o'i Florence, who per-

" haps out of their Abondance had lent the King Tom Mony, and being in Peace

" with all the World, had no great occafion to prefs him for Repayment.

" Whereas the Qiiccn my Miflrcis, by reafon of her prcfent Warre, and the

•' continual Burden ihc hath borne almoft alone for many Years to the Benefit

«' of all Chriftendom, in withftanding the intended y\/(?;/rt;;»T/:;/^ of J^^i//^, could

*' not have Tyme or Means to gather muchcTreafure. Therefore I wifhed them

" to weigh with themfelves, Firft, Whether yt were jnji, in fo great a dijfe-

" rence of Merits and Occafions^ not to make a dijj'erence of their Trace edings

" and Acknowledgment : And fccondly, Whether jt could be for their Advan-

" tage and the Goodof their A-ff aires, to fuffer their Friends to fall into any

" Inconvenience for the good JVill they had ferformed towards them; and that

" the World jhould difcovcr that the Friendjhip c;/' France is rather amicitia

" prxgravans and burdenfom, then profitable to them which imbrace it". And

this I iaid for the generallity of the Anfwere, but in particular I excepted againfl

that part of the Aniwere which concern the Cuftoms of Roiien and Newhaven,

which I faid unto him, " I marveyled how they could -make with any Jhew or re-

" gar d of Honor, giving jufi Occajion to the ^leen to think, that in ojfering her

" Ajfurance for her Mony there was an Intention to abufe her, feeing the fame

' ' was before engaged to others.

Monfieur de Villeroy to the fyrft part of my Speeche anfwered, " That he con-
" fefled all to be true that I laid, and that I had all Juflice and Reafon on my
*' fyde: But that the Kmg's DifTability was fuche, by reafon of the Defolatioa
" of his Countrie, and Povertie of the People, from whom his Revenews do a-
" rife, that he could do no more for this Yeare; and therefore defy red that her
" Majeflie would add this to her former great Favours towards the King, to have
" Patience for a few Moneths. To the lecond Point he faid, That in very Deed
" the King knew not in what fort thofe Cuftoms ftood, till the Townes cam in-
" to his Hands, and that yf there were any Fault yt was in his Minifters, who
" knew thole things better then he: That the King's Intention was not to abule
" her Majeftie, and that now he found in what Eftate thofe Cuftomes ftood, he
*' would think of fatisfying her by fome other means, vi^hich he thought would
" be all one to her, fo Ihe might receave SatisficStion any way.

I told him, " I would relate this Anfwere to her Majeftie, which I knew not
" how file would interpret; but I knew yt would nothing anfwere her Expecfta-
" tion. And therefore willied him to make her Ibm Amends for this long De-
" lay, by Aflignation of fom round Som for the next Yeare, and to be payd in
" the firft Quarter, that S}at might make ufe of yt for her Preparations againft
" the beginning of Sommer. He faydhe wold do his beft to procure yt mould
" be fo.

Wee had likewife fom Speeche about the xoooo Crownes in what Mony it
lliould be paid; " I urging the Payment in Gold, in heu of the Charge and Trou-
" ble faved of paying yt in London, which the King was bound to by the Obli-
" gation, and becaule that Frenche Silver Coyne is not current in England. I
" was anfwered, the King could not pay yt but in fuch Mony as he receaved,
" which was altogether Silver, and their Silver was fo good, that I lliould be wil-
" ^^"^g ynough to receave yt here, and to pay yt in London" The Place of Pay-
ment they required to be at Roiien, which I diflikcd not, but yet defyred yf her
Majeftie liked better to receave yt at 'Diepeihit yt might be payd there, which
was graunted. Yt may pleafe ypur Honor to dired; me before the tyme what
cowxiQ Ihall be taken for the conveying of yt, or otherwife making yr over by

Z Exchange?

8^ Sir Henry Neville Book IL

An. i5'99 Exchange; and yf you determine to have yt receaved 2iX.T>iepe, and to tranf-
port yt in kind, yt may pleafe you hkewile to fend over one authorized, with
Letters of Procuration to receave y t, and take Charge of yt, for fo they feenied
to requyre of me. But I told them, that theDehvery of the Obhgation, with an
Acquittance of my Hand, or his that receaved yt, was fufficient, which they
feeraed not muche to conteft upon : Yet being receaved by any other then my
felt; perhaps they will require bis Trocuration: For fom five or fix hundred
Pound of yt, I am defyrous yf yt pleafe her Majeftie, to receave yt here and
pay yt there, to fave lofs of the Exchange in making yt over. I befeeche you
Sir, I may know whether flie fo pleafe to allow of yt, that I may give Order for
the Payment of the Mony there accordingly.

The next Day after this Conference with Monfieur de Vilkroy, I came away
to this Towne, becaufe the King was here in this Towne, and his return thither
very uncertaine. The Ambafladors continue almofl: all in this Towne, but only
he of ^^z;^, and the Spamjh AmbafTador, who came to Blo'is two Days before
the King cam away. The King is yet here, flayed as I guefs the rather by the
Accident that fell out betwene the Prince de Joynvilk and Monfieur le Grand^
which was this : * Upon Twefday Night lad, after they had all accompanied the
King from the place where he had fupped to his Lodging to Zametz rloMfe, the
Duke ofGuife, Prince oi Joynville-^ le Grand and his Brother, and Monfieur de
Termes, went all out together; and the reft being allready entered into le Grand
his Coche, Joynville pulled le Grand by the Cloke, and required to Ipeake with
him, who thereupon drawing himfelf alyde from the Company, Joynville told
him, he had bin wronged to the King by a Report, that he Jhould make Love to
Madamoifelle d'Entragues, ivhich made the King jealous ojf him-, ofta^hicb Re-
fort he thought him le Grand to he the Author., and therefore, faith he to him,
thou /hall dye, and withall pulled out his Sword and ranne him in, the other ha-
ving no Weapon about him ; but with hafte, or fom accident, his Thruft lighted
lower then he intended, and ranne him into the Flank and through the Thigh,
without Daunger ; but hereupon fom Company comming in on both fydes, the
Vidame de Mans., and an Efcuier of le Grands were very fore hurt, and the Vi-
dame not like to efcape as I hear. The King hearing of the matter lept out of
his Bed, and ranne downe in his Shirt with a Sword in his Hand, but by that
time the reft were gone, and le Grand was brought in wounded as he was.
The King hath taken it exceedingly ill, and hath fent for his Court ofTarlament,
and willed them to do fevere Juftice irpon the Fad:.

The Prince of Joynville is fled into Lorraine, the Dutchefs of Gui/e and her
Daughter have bin liindry tymes on their Knees before the King, but he feems ve-
ry refolute, commanding le Grand not to feeke Revenge by any means, but to re-
ferry t to him, for that he takes the Scorn as done to himfelfe; yet for all this
yt is thought the King will be wonne in the end to pals it over.

Since my coming to this Towne, I learn that there are certaine Jefuits com
hither to the King from Rome, to intreate for the reftoring of their Order into
France, 'which is a matter the Tofe hath muche laboured. \ The cheife of them
is called Tadre Maggio. They were prefented here unto him by the Tofe's Nun-
cio, and prefently brought out againe, and referred till his Counfail and he fliould
come together. Monjieur de Villeroy is a great Favourer of their ReJIitution,
bur the CotirtofTarlan^nt is earneft againft them.

The Archduke's Speed in his Jorney hath not bin fuch as was expedted. The
laft Letters that came from Venice, made mention of his being yet at Milan.
The King is yet purpofed to go hence to morrow towards Blois, where he yet
intends to make but fmall Stay, and from thence go to the Duke oi Monfenfier"^
Houfe at Champigni, and fb to Tours ^mdiSaumur, and divers Noblemen's Houles
thereabouts, to pafs his tyme till the end of Summer. His Counfail remains at
Blois, and this is thought to be purpofely to put ofFBufynefs and Sutes for Mo-

* Mmoires de Bafimpjere, Vol. I. f.^S, f I-fttres d'-OfUr^-^- /■ Zi3, 21S> 34i«

iiy,

Book II. Ncgotiatio7i hi France. 8 7

ny, wherewith he is continually pcftrcd, but paycth no Man: And by this Se- ylti. 1599.
pararion of the King and his Counlail, Men arc poflcd from one to the other,
which ferves for a Delay.

For the matter of the Treaty your Honor feeth what they offer, eythcr to con-
tinue yt as yt is, or to add on both fydes. I ibcfccch you .advilc whether yt be
not better for us to take yt as yt is now, then by Iccking to add on our fyde, to
give them occafion to add fomwhat likewiic on theirs, which will take away the
Advantage we have m that Treaty. I remember Monfieur Fontaine was talking
with me about fome fuch matter before my coming over, and complaining of the
Reftraint of free Trade ufed to the Frenchmen in England. Yf yt plcafe you to
talk with him, 1 think you may dilcover by him what they mean to (land upon.
For our part, lb all Impofitions raifed, and all Adls parted fince ifjx, contrary
to the Treaty, may be revoked, I think We are very well ; and fb much they
cannot refufe, being no new Addition, but only a Confirmation and Execution of
the Treaty. And for that of the not executing oi Letters of Mart at Land^ yt
may be put in the Treaty ofDepredations^ without giving them Occafion or Pre-
text thereby to requyre any Addition on their part to the Treaty of BLo'is. And
fo for this tyme I humbly take my leave.

Totlr Honor's moji humbly to be commatmded,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Refponce du Roy au Derniere Memoire prefente a fa Majefle par
le Seigneur de Neville Ambafladeur de la Royne d'Angleterre.

J E Roy dejtrant s' acquit er eHvers la Royne d'Angletetre y^ bonne foeur ^Cou-
'-' fijie, de ce qu'il luy doibt-, ^ luy donner toute occafion d'a*tendre & rece-
•voir de la continuation de fi)n amitie tout ce a quoy les plaifirs qii'il a receus
d'elle robligent ; a, commande aux Gens de fi)n Confeil d^advifer aux moyens de
la contenter ; Lefqtielz., apres s^ejire plufieurs fois affemblezpcnr y fat is fair e,
y contribuans de leur I'affe^ion, fidelite ^ Obeijfance qiCilz, doibvent au fer-
'vice ^ aux commandemen'ts de faMajef^, ^ pareillement a lajujiice de la de-
mande de la di^ie Royne-, fortife'e encores de la confideration & recognoijfance
des bien faictz que la Nation Fran^oife a receus d'elle; ont t out es fois recog-
nen-t que les fonds des Finances de fa Majejie de la prefente annee eft fi incer-
tain KS efpuise-, a caiife de la generalle pauvrete du peuple., de la feul fiibftance
duquel il depend-, & de ce que Von eft fi advance dans P annee ; que ce dit tout
ce que fa Majefte peult faire en ice lie que payer la fomme de %oooo eft uz qui
luy fitrent preftez en Van 1 5-96, Mais aufii elk fera fournie en la Ville de Diepc,
au temps qitil a efte declare audit S''. de Neville Ambajfadeur de la dite 'Dame
Royne.

Et comme fadite Majefte avec ceulx de fbndit Confeil eft. encores incertaine
quelz front les denier s qu'elle tirera de fes SubjeBs V annee prochaine-, elk ne
peult aujfi declarer a prefent audit Ambajfadeur ce qu'elle pay era a ladite Royne
en ice lie annee-, mais fa Majefte le pourra faire daits fix fepmaines ou deux
mois quelle ft aura ce dont elle pourra faire Eft at-, fa Majefte ne voulant rien
fromettre a ladite 'Dame Royne qu'elle ne foit bien ajfeure'e de le pouvoir te-
nir, comme elle a bien fouvent declare audit Ambajfadeur.

Tareillement, fadite Majefte feroit trefaife de laijfer a ladite Dame lajouif-
fance des Impofttions & Termes de Gabelles ^ autres Daces qui fe levent aux
Villes de Rouen ^ du Havre de Grace, comme il luy fut promis Van 15-90 par
fes Qommiffaires., fi fadite Majefte en pouvoit difpofer ; Mais fadite Majefte a
trouu^ toutes lefd\ Impofitions vendues ^ alienees par ks Roys fes predecef
feurs devant fan advenement a la Conronne, ainfi quelle a verifie depuis que
lefdites Villes fe font remifes en fin Obeijfance ; de forte qti'il n'eft plus en la
pttijfance d'en or donner ; dont fa Majefte eft trefmarrye-, comme elle eft de n' avoir

autant

8g Sir Henry Neville" Book II.

An.i'jg^. autant de mqyen a frefent de Content er ladite Rqync, qu'elle en a la VolontCy
^y^-ryr^-^ ^ qtielle recognoiji y eftre obligee: Mais Elle efpere la recomfenfer a I'adve-
im\ que fes affaires feront remifes en meilletir EJlat qtielles ne font ; de fapn,
que ladite Royne en derhenrera fatisfai^e, qui eft ce que fa M aj eft e de fire le
plus ta7it elle recognoifl avoir i obligation de ce faire, ^ d Inter eft auffy au bien
^ frofperite des^ affaires de ladite Royne, & de fin Royaime.

G)uant aux Traitiez fai^s a-vec ladite T>ame Royne far les Roys fes frede-
ceffelirs, ^ mefmes celuy de l'am^7% ; fa Majefte a tousjours entendu ^ entend
encores.^ non feulement les obferver & entretenir comme bons ^ valides, mais
auffi les augmenter sjl eft befoign de ce faire, pour le commiin bien de leurs
Majefte s, & de leurs Subject z & Royaumes. Au moyen de qtioy fa Majefte fe-
ra tousjours prefte de les confirmer, renouveller, &y adjoufter encores ce qui
fera propose '^ juge raifonnable & nece faire, pour Vutilite commune, ^ fur ce
executer & obferver de bonne foy ce qui a efte fromis ^ convenu far iceulx.

DE NEUFVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary CtcyW.

Right Honorable, Taris, l"^ Aug.xs^^. 0.%.

THE Dayly Bruitcs Currant in this Towne, of xh^ Spaniards landing in^;^^-
land, have moved me to fend away this exprefs MefTenger to learn fome
Certainty, both to latisfye my felf and others, who continually come or fend un-
to me about yt: Withall I am to let your Honor underftand, that notwithftand-
ing the Advice I gave in my lafl of the Archduke's flow Proceeding in his Voi-
age homward, I am certainly now advertifed, that both he and the Infanta arri-
ved in Lorraine this laft Week, and were feafted by that T)uke at Nancy, from
whence they difpatched the Trince of Orenge to do fome Complements to this
King ; who arrived here in this Towne yefterday, and is this Day gon towards
Blois to the King. To morrow yt is faid the Archduke makes his Entry into
Ltixemburgh, and about eight or ten Days hence to Bruxelles, where there is
great Magnificence prepared to receave him. The King is exped:ed here againe
within fifteen Days, having a purpole to fee the ^een Tfowager at Chenoncaux,
and the Duke of Monpenfier at his Houfe at Champigni in ToiBou, and fb to
returne.

The Turke is fayd to be recovered of his great Sicknels, and to have ihewed
himfelf publickiy m the Mofchee. * The Peace is treated between him and the
Emperour by the means of the Tartars, from whom the Terjians have lately
recovered a great Country, which they have occupyed during the Warrs againfl:
the Turke, and have defeated a great Army of them, and flaine their Cham. The
Sophi hath lately fent a great EmbafTage to the Turk to communicate his good
Succefs therein, and withall to demand Reltitution of fuch Countries as have bin
in thefe late Warrs taken from him; which being not performed, yt is thought
he will feek yt by Force. The Emperour is thought to be fomwhat crazed or
diilempered in his Braine, and hath difcarded and fent home to their Houfes
two of his principal! Counfellers, Rumf^ndi Trantz. The Accident of his Sick-
nefs gives occafion for many Difcourfes in thefe Parts, and of direB TraBize
and Labour as I hear of this King, to be King of the Romans ; for which pur-
pofe, fbefydes^flz/^^rj-, who remains for the moft about Franc fort, he hath ano-
ther at this prefent in Saxony. I will inform my felf of this Poynt more parti-
cularly, and accordingly I will acqtiaint your Honor.

For the matter of the Marquifat, the Ambaflador of Venice doth aflure me,

* Mathien Hifl. de la paix entre le Roy de France CT' Efpagne, p. lOl, ZOi, O'c.
\ Leires dojj'at. Vol. 4 /. zzy. and Monfieur Amelot'% Note.

according

Book II. Negotiat}o72 in France. 8^

according to his Intelligence out oi Italy, that the Toj^e will judge yr for the j^j jrog
King of f}-ance, and that before the End of SejHember. For my part 1 am ve-
ry douhtfull of yr, and yf ytfall out lb, I fhall take it for an YlrgJiment, ey-
tber of exceeding JFeakuefs hi the King of Spainc, m^ objlinate RcfoLution to
Ijcnd himfHf againji us; for otherisjife Reafbri of State would not fujjer him
to ifive jiich iz'ay to the Frcnchc into Italy.

For the Matter of the Marriage, no Man knov/erh what to conjedure. The
King nc\er made more Ihow of AfTcdlion to MadawoifHle d' En tr agues then at
his lafl: being in this Towne, and I hear by lome familiar in that Hovvfe, that
they are in great Hope the King will marry her. On the other Syde, the King
doth not in publique Shew or Speeche entertaine the other, and as I learn hopes
iliortly to receave Contentment from Rome touching his T)ivorce, for which pur-
pofe, (howfoever he be otherwiie inclined) * he mull: make a Pretence of chat
March of Florence, for othcrwife the 'P(?/?, who affeds that Macche, will not
be drawne fo eafily to confent.

I was lately to vifit the Conflable, whom I had not feen before, by reafon of
his Ablence from the Court and this Towne ; but I wrote unto him from Orleans,
and included both her Majeftie's Letters with liich Complements as I was diredred
to do unto him. And now I renewed the fame, and receaved as good Content-
ment from him for his AfTedion and Devotion t-owards her Majeltie, as I have
done from any fmce I came into France. He hath promifed to deal with the
King efiTedually about the Matters I have propoied, and confelTeth there is no
Reafon nor Honor in the Anfwere I have receaved. The worfl is I feare he
bears no great Sway in Counfail, althoughe he be the cheefe Man.

I would gladly know her Majeftie's Pleafure, whether I Ihall do any Comple-
ment to the young Prince of Conde, who lyeth at St. Maure tow Leagues from
this Towne; or to the Count Soijfons when he coms, who hath yet never ben at
Court fince my Arrivall. And fo, hoping to hear from your Honour, and to
receave your further Diredion about all matters which I have negotiated heere, I
moft humbly take my leave, ^Sc.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE,

Str Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll^

Right Honorable, Tar is, 14^^ ^ugnf IS99- O. S.

SINCE my Returne to Tar is, Charles Tagett hath againe made means to
me, to know her Majeflie's Difpofition and your Honor's towards him, and
what hope there is of his Pardon and Grace from her Majeflie. I let him un~
derltand, that yt was not to be expeded, that after fo great and fo long conti-
nued Offences as his hath bin, her Majeftie would at the firfl: Motion, and as it
were upon even hand, receave him to her Grace; but that yt was likely flie
would make fyrft fome Try all of him, whether his pretended Sorrow, and defyre
of returning into her Obedience, were real on his part; and therefore he muft
make account to give fome aflured Argument thereof, by fome adruall and im-
portant Service, as well as his former Adions had given open Teftimony of a
contrary Difpofition. He anfwered, that he would be ready to give any Argu-

* 'Tis certain the King was never fond of this Match, for de Sully tells us, that after the Articles of
Marriage between the King and the Princefs of Florence were agreed to by the CommiiTioners on both
Sides, the Iving ailced him one day, (as he was with him upon othet Buifnei's) from whence he came,
■ Noui venons de vous tnarier Sire, luy dites vous ; Surquoy il fut demy quart d' heure refvant iiy" fc
gratant la tefte, CT" curant les angles fans vous rien reffondre ; fuis, tout (oudatn il -vous dit, (in frapp ant d'ltne
main fur l autre) He bien de pardieu foit, il n'y a remede, puis que pour le bien de man Royaume, C de mes
peuples, ■vous dites qu'il faut efire marie, il le faut done eftre : Mais c'eft une condition que J' apprehends bien
fort, me fouvenant tousjours de combien de mativaifes rerifonires me fut caufe le premier. Vol. i. ch.93.

A a ments

^o Sir Henry Neville Book II.

j^fi. 15-99. n^ents or AfTurance thereof, that he was able togive; and defyred to know what
yt was that was requyred of him, protefting with great Vows and Oaths, that he
would wilHngly fpend Life, Credit, and all he had to ferve her Majeftie, and to
cancell his former Faults ; which he confefTed to be great, but yet fuch as her
Majeltie in her Mercy and Clemency had pardoned as great, to her eternall Ho-
nor.

He let me fee a large Difcourfe of his own Wrytinge againfl the Proceedings of
Tarfofis, and the refl of the Jefuits, wherein he layeth open fome of their
Pradizes, and ilieweth his Diflike of them ; which he offers to fend to your Ho-
nor, yf you lliall think good to print yt with his Name to yt, and thereby de-
clare himfelf a open Enemy, and make himfelf irreconcileable unto them : Befyds
-the Dilguft he hopes to work thereby in the Myuds of all the Catholiques of
England, who are ignorant of thefe Pradices, and therefore beleeye too well of
them.

He feems very defyrous to return with her Majeftie's liking into the Low-
Countries-) yf the Treaty of Peace proceed ; pretending to be able to do her Ma-
jeftie good Service by his Intelligence and Credit there : And afterwards eyther
to return and ferve her in England, yf yt pleafe her to be fb gracious unto him,
or to be ufed, and commaunded by her wherefoever yt pleafeth her: Only he de-
flres that he may end his Days, with that Comfort and Satisfadion of Mynd and
Confidence, that he is reflored to her gracious Favour, and to the Obedience of
his naturall Prince. I befeech your Honor let me underftand how I fhall further
^proceed with him, and what Comfort I fliall give him, and what particularly I
Ihall requyre at his Hands ; I do think there is more in him then in moft of the
reft, and like inoughe there may be good ufe made of him, which I leave to your
Honor's better Confideration.

I am advertifed that Sfinola is arrived at 'Dunkerk with fix Gallies, which
he hath an Intention to imploy upon our Coafts, in making continuall Spoyles
there, and perhaps to attempt fomwhat upon our Navy in the Medway. Alfo
that the Infanta will ftay at Namure, till the end of their September, but the
Archduke goeth prefently to Brujfels. And fo I humbly take my leave.

" Tour Honor's, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE,

::Mr. 'Secretavy Cecyli to Sir Henry Neville.

S\x Henry NevHle, 17'''^ Auguft 1^^^.

TH E Reports from France, by the Governors of T)e'ipe and of Calais, and
from Monfieur de Sourdiac have bin liich, as gave no finall Caufe for us to
apprehend fome Invafion from Spaine-, confidering that at that tyme both her
Majeftie's Fleet was in Harbour, and moft of her Commaunders in Ireland; but
thanks be to. God her Majefty's Navy is now ready to fet to Sea, and Ihe hath
"both an Army in the Weft, and another here^ ready eyther for Kent m Ejfex,
with which we do but attend their coming; not doubting but to pay them their
accuftomed Wages, which is Ruine and Contempt. Thefe Things I do tell you
• gave us this Alarm, being thefe Reports, (whereof I fend you herein the Abftrad)
that you may fee with what a Whirlwind they were brought hither; though for
my part, y t was ever to me a Paradox, that the Fleet was in Brefi ; and yet all
Circumftances confidered of my Place and Fortune, I did choofe rather to run with
the Streame of Providence, then of too much Confidence upon myne own Intel-
ligences, which I muft confels did afi!ure me of Preparations all the Year, for de-
fence againft the State's Fleet ; of which I did ever think the Enemy would make
fome ule, fo foon as he Ihould be lecure of them upon his owne Coafts ; a Mat-
ter wherein they dealt unworthely with the Queene; for yf they had not. prorai-

fed

Book II. Negotiation in France. ^i

yZ'^/ (0 fiay on chat Coaft, her Majcflic M-ould ]ia\c armed, as the King of Sj^aifie Ati. 1590,
did ; but they for Gainc, tranlporrcd thcmiclvcs to the Canaries, which is a -
Matter of no Conictjucncc, for now he haih gathered indeed a Head at the
Groyne^ whether according to his Reports he ihould bring his Gallics, you mud
judge that his DcfTcign mufl: be for England^ but for my'part I am not advertiz-
ed that the Galhcs arc lo necr as the GroyT.e: Though when I confider that
thole I ufc are but the Sons oi Adam, and that yt is not impo/llble, but that they
might be corrupted or deceaved, I have given way to thefc Preparations that
are made, preferring therein the fFaycs of Safety, before any Matter of Charge.

You fliall therefore know, that ray Lord Admirall is Generall of her Maje-
(tie's Army by Land, and that my Lord Thomas Hcj^ard is Admiral! at Sea,
with Sir Walter Raleigh his Vice-Admirall. If you will iay, that of all this you
might have bin fooner adverrifed, I mufl: fay we ^\d. flill expecfl to have heard by
you, what would have com from the French King, to whom we were afTured
thai all particulars of Spanijh Preparations, from his Governors mufl have bin
knowen ; in Expedation whereof from day to day, I deferred my Difpatche thus
long, being very defyrous to have \\ritten unto you more certainly; wherein,
when you have looked over all thefe Adverriiements, includes (being layd toge-
ther) inoughe to make a Man in doubt to fay the conrrary ; though for their beino'
in Breft all the Word fees yt is falle. Yet they wryte that the Adelantado hath
bin at Lisbone, hafl:ning the Gallies to the Groyne with all po/Tible Ipeed, as is
laid; of which fome conclude that his Preparations thereabout are the rather
made, becaufe the Plague hath bin {o great in Sivill, and Lisbon, and that he
may feek to lye for the Flemings, or thruft into Falmouth, as he meant to doe
in October was Twelve-month.

But Sir, I would be glad you fhould enquire that Poynt of the Galleys being
already at xkiz Groyne, as muche as you can ; for that is a main Shewe for Eng-
land, and their Galleys may do exploits here, and return no more this Yeare, but
tary at Shiys and lyunkerk:, but few days will dilcover very muche, and I con-
ceave that France hath muche good Means to come to Knowledge there, where
Trade is free with the Spaniards:, for which purpofe I do exceedingly defyre
you, yf you can learne of any Frenchman of good Underflanding and Confci-
ence not to betray me, that will take upon him to go into Spayne, and live thero
for a Yeare, to advertife me of all things; that you will fpeake with him, and
fend him hether with fom Packett, that I may conferr with him and infl;rii6l
him : I will give him large Entertaynment, and you iliall do a thinge of very
great Importance, both to her Majeftie's Service, and of kindnefs to my {€it%
who value no Charge when yt may be of any ufe to the Qiieen's Safety. Of
this Sir, I pray you bethink you, and at your Leyfure advertife me what you
can do.

Out oi Ireland this Day is arrived very crofs News; * Sir Coniers Clyffhrd
the Governor of Connaught, is flayne in an encounter with C donnel, and with
him Sir Alexander Ratcliff, and fom zoo or 300 Soldiers. This Accident may
muche divert my Lord's Jorney into the North, which yf yt fliall not be at-
tempted at all, the bell Part of this Yeare's Expence is loft. I pray you ufe this
with your aceuflomed Difcretiop, for though I defyre you may know all Truethi
yet the worfe lucke we have, the worfe I know we are efeemed by the French.

It remayneth now that I make you Anfwer to the Contents of your lafl Dil-
patches; yt appeareth, that we ihall have no Mony, but that Fragment of zoooo
Crownes, this Yeare. You need not fulpedl that the Queen hath not purfued
this matter to the AmbalTador with 2i great earneftnefs, as you have bin requy-
redto do yt ; for I afTure you, fhe hath bin rather too warm then too cold, feeing
-mir fowre or fweet do make them eyther trott or amble, but as they find for
their own eafe. For the xoooo Crowns, we fynd that there will be loiTe by the
Exchange, and yet yf yt be in Specie yt corns all to one reckoning, for there

* erfwies'sEIiz. in the Hift. of EmlaM, Vo!,i. p.6i^. Morifon p. 37.

Will

52 &'r Henry Nevill'j Book II.

jAn. ^'^<)^. will Be lols and more hazard. I do therefore think yt more fit that you do fe-
ceave yt, and give your Acquitance for yt, and deliver the Bond, in which Cafe^
yf you know any Marchant that would make it over hether by Exchange, I
would gladly know at what rate they will do yt; for I can here take up fo much
of an Eiiglifli Merchant yf he may receave yt at Roiiett for a little more then one
hundred Pound ; at which tyme yf you flay five or fix hundred Pounds for your
own Ufe, and affign yt to be payd here, yt fliall be all one.

For the matter of the Treaty., I do think yt will be very convenient, even to
have the Treaty of Blois rene'vaed.) without fiandlng upon new Infertmis. For
every poynt that we Jloall feek to enlarge to ferve our ttirn, Jhall he requyted
with another of their^s, of a doble difadvantage. Neverthelefie, upon luch an
Overture of myne to this AmbafiTador, I fee that he could be contented for Satis-
faftion of Ibme Frenche here, to (land upon new (tipulating, about eafe of Impo-
sitions; but you fliall heare further of this Poynt hereafter, and therefore yoti
may keep things in the Temperature they are in the mean tyme, till we may be
at a little better Leyfure to dired: you, as I doubt not but we lliall be in a few
Days, when the word of thefe Spanifh DelTeigns fliall be difcovered. In this
of our likelyhood to have need of Afllftance eyther of Men or Shipping, we fynd
the Low Countries very cold ; a matter which all wife Men expedted ever, that
more then out of bolide of State., there is final Frendjhip to be found in a po-
pularity. They pretend lackof Abillity, now that the Army ftill prefleth them.

We Ihall do well inoughe I doubt not, while we attend God's Providence, who
hath ever blelTed thofe that fight for him, and Trufl in him. And thus with afTu-
rance to you, that her Majeflie well accepteth your Proceedings, I end, ^c.

From the Court Tour very loving Friend.,

3.1 None fuch. RO. CECYLL.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris lo* of Auguji 1^59, O. S.

I Wrote unto your Honor fi-om Blois, what Anfwere the King had made me,
in that Matter of the Spaniards coming to Breji with Letters to Monfieur de
Sourdiac, requefling Harbour and favour for their Navy there yf they need yt ;
the fame Anlwere I receaved likewife from Monfieur de Villeroy. Notwithlland-
ing, at my retorne to Taris, I thought yt fit to put him againe in mynd of yt,
and thoughe I could have no accefie unto him, yet I found the means to do yt
by a Friend I have neere about him, the rather becaufe I underftood the like Re-
quell had bin made to fom Governors of other Places. The Ef?ed: of my tra-
vaill therein, will appear by the Kin^s Letters \M\i\Qh I underfland he hath writ-
ten to her Mdjejiie, to ajfure her of his conflant Amitie towards her, and his
Refolution not to favotir her Enemies, but to ajjift her with his Forces, and his
own Terfon, yfjhe have need ofyt ; and I am informed he hath geeven Order
accordingly, to all the Governors of his Port Townes. All which I alTure
your Honor, is to be imputed cheefly to the Kijtg's own good 'Difpojition towards
her Majeflie. For when the Advice' came fyrll unto the Counfail, fi-om the
Governors who had bin dealt with by the Spaniards, there wanted not fom in
the Counfaill that were wilhng to have yealded them that they delyred ; or yf not
wholly, yet ar lead the Ufe of Viduaills, Water, Cordage, or any thing els
they wanted for their Mony ; pretending, that they zvere now to confider of the
Spaniard as he was, and not as he had bin. Others of more Honor, and more
Fayth, as I beleeve, to this King and his State, were of Opinion that they could
neyther in Honor nor Juftice do that which was required, both in refped of the
great and frefli Merits of the Queen towards the King, and his State and Crown,
and alio of the League "Defenjive, which yet remained in Force between them.

This

Book II. Negotiation in France. ^3

This Difputation devidcd the Counfail fo, as there could be no Rcfolution taken ^n. is'O".
till the King's Rcnirne ; 'wboas fbon as yt zvas p-o]}oJhdnnto bim^ anfwered ve-
ry peremptorily-, that all the fVorl ! Jhonld not perflvade him to favour the King
of Spaine againfl his good Sifier of England, ovho had dealt fo faythfully and
fincerely with him ; but that he would declare both unto her., and to all MeUy
that he would imploy his Honor ^ his Forces ^ and his Terfon in her T>e fence.
And thereupon he caufed that Letter to be written which before I mentioned,
and which I do not doubt but her Majeftic hath by this tyme receaved from
Monfieur de Boiffe. Of all which I thought fit her Majeftie Ihould be informed,
that Ihe may know the better what Foundation to make of the King himfelf, and
difcover likewife the Dilpofition of fom principall Men of his Counfail, whereof,
c're yt be long I hope to wryte more particularly.

The Prince of Orange is returned from the King to this Towne, and goeth a-
way this Evening or to morrow towards Briixells. He was yefterday to vifit
the Princefs of Orange his Mother in Law. In his Returne out of Italy he pa{^
ied by Orange, and there eftablilhed for Governor Monfieur de Blafeon, who
was before of the Religion, but to continew the Government, hath bin content-
ed to go to MafTe. I am informed that in this Jorney, the Prince hath obtained
main leve^ of his Lands in the Low Countries, having till now receaved only a
Penfion of 5^00 Crowns a Moneth.

I underftand there are lately difcovered in Toi5lou and Auvergne, certaine
Mines of Silver, which they hope here will prove very beneficial. The King
hereupon is about a Reglement generally for all the Mines in France, determin-
ing to take them all into his own Hands, and to content the Proprietors with a
certayne Stint, proportionable to the Profit that lliall arife, and fo to manage all
by his owne Officers , a Matter which is Uke to be very offenfive. The EdiB I
have feen as yt is drawen, but yt is not yet pafled the Parlament. Monfieur de
Rofni affedts the Matter muche, and yf yt proceed, is like to be great Mafter
or Superintendant of all the Mines in France.

Monfieur "De la Motte Fenelon I underftand is dead at Bourdeaux, in his
Jorney towards Spaine. Whom they intend to imploy in his Place, I do not yet
know, but I will be careful! to learn y t, and to procure Mr. Lock to be recom-
mended unto him, as he was to the other.

Out of Italy I heare by good means, that the Duke of Savoy upon Pretence
of difcovering fome Pradice that this King had, not only upon the Marquifat
of Salluces, but upon Turin and other Townes of Tiedmont, made feverall Pri-
foners, and amongft the refl: the lame Captaine which fyrft betrayed Carmagnole
mito him, and a Countefi~e called 'Delbehe ; and thereupon hath likewife taken
occafion to arme, and make himfelf ftrong, both in the Marquifat, and in Pied-
mont.

The Agent of Geneva doth alfo afilire me, that the 'f)uke fortifyeth himfelf
very mucn on Savoy fyde. All which confirms unto me, that I have always be-
leeved, that he hath no purpofe to rtndie.x Salluces unto this King. Yet I am
told, the King hath wrote lately unto d. 122, the Conftable, that he had receaved
good Newes from Rome, both touching the Matter of the Marqtiifaf, and his
"[Divorce. ^

Out of Turkey I hear that Ephraim Bajfa with 50000 Men is gon to the
Siege of Warradin the Towne which the Emperour holdeth in Tranfdvania^
ever fince the Accord between him and that Vaiode. On the other fyde the
Count oiJVartzenburgh with lyoooMen is gon x.o\^zxd&Btida, intending Ibm
Enterprize eyther covert or open upon yt : All which notwithftanding, there is
a Conclufion taken between them, that Tieputies on both fydes fliall meet upon
the Confines in the end of the next Moneth, to treat of a Teace, which hath
hitherto bin entertayned by Mediation of the Tartars.

The Dutchefs of Tufcany is lately delivered of another Son. The Duke of
Manilla is ftill in the Low-Countries, thoughe perhaps difappointed of his prin-
cipal! Purpofe in comming thither, by reafon that the Marquifs oi Burgau, Bro-

Bb ther

54

Sir H E N RY N E V I L l'j Book II.

^n. 1599 tber to the CixdxwA Andreas y is defleigned Generall of the Army, in place of
the Admirall of Arragon.

The Count de Ladron pafTed lately this way in Pofl: into Sfaine, with fom
dozen in his Company, among the which the Marquifs oi Burgau was faid to be,
tho' diiguiled; but that agreeth not with the Advices I have out of ihc Low-
Countries. W.209 Charles ^aget doth contifiew to do me any good Offices he
can, and communicate" fuche Intelligence as he rficeaves.

The Z.iufetk Mafter x. hn. «9/"y.ucwra Gray entertayns me with very fri-
volous and abfurd Advertisements, as may appear by thi^ inclbfed, ahd fome o-
ther as unprobable. He tells me he hath heard very lately from your Honor,
which I do not beleeve, becaufe I have had nothing from you or any body elffe
in England this full Moneth ; which makes me almoft gladd of that little Diflem-
prature I have now upon me, for a Pretext neyther to vifit, nor to be vifired,
till I may be able to deliver fom certayntie of thefe Bruits., whereof all Men ex-
ped; to know the Trueth by mee. I hope I fliall lliortly receave Directions from
your Honor in all the matters I have written of fince my fyrfl going to Orleans,
And {oy &c.

Tour Honor's y &c. ■ . s *

HENRY NEVILLE.

Since the iiniflling my Letter, I have thought fit to move your Honor, .to be a
means to her Majeftie, to entertayne Monfieur de Bethmte when he comes that
way out of Scotland with all Curtefie, and fo to ufe the matter, that his Brother
Monfieur de Rofni may think himfelf honoured and refpedted in yt ; for this Mon-
fieur de Rofni is very great with the King, and hke dayly to grow greater, and
vvithall of the Religion, and a very flout Man ; fo as jf he may be throughly
wonne., there is no Manne in the Counfail will more advantage her Majejiie's
Affaires in my opinion then he. In this lafl Conftiltation about the harbouring
and favouring the Spanijhe Army , there was no Man more fyrme to her Ma-
jeftie then he-, and the Divifion in the Counfail as I underfland pafTed thus ; for
the Spaniards were Villeroy., the Chancellor, and the fyrft Trefident of Rouen,
who by accident was then prefent ; againfl them were Monfieur de Rofni, Mon-
fieur de Tleffls, Monfieur de Zancy, and Monfieur de Callignon Chancellour of
Navarr and Prefidcnt of Grenoble ; a very worthy Man, but one that by reafon
of his Religion comes but little in Counfail, and bears no great Sway. I befeech
your Honor, diredt me whether I iliall take any Knowledge that fuche a Poynt
was debated in Counfail, or nay ; and taking Knowledge of y t, in which fort I
iliall do yt: For howfoever the King's own Inclination hath prefetitly overgo-
vern'd this matter, furely thofe Men that have thus declared themfclves for the
Spaniard wo^'j, are like for the mofl part to carry the Sway in this War, for few of
the refl, except Rofni and de Meffe, com ordinarily to the Counfail. There-
fore I hold this Poynt in my poore Judgment, as worthy of her Majellie's Cori-
fideration as any thing that hath happen'd fince my coming hither. Your Ho-
nor may afTure your lelf there is no Foundation to be made of 6 i2x Monfieur
Villeroy for our good, d \oo The 'Duke oi Bouillon is well affedled, but dares
not fliew himfelf, V i2z The Conftable hath no Credit.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris xS^Aug. 15-99. O. S.

YOUR Honor fliall underfland by this inclofed, as muche as I can adver-
tifeof the iS^^di/ziyZ' Navy or their Preparations, which might give me oc-
cafiori not to trouble you with muche more at this tyme ; faving that I under-
fland there is one Bennet an Englijh Capuchin lately taken in England, who was
thought to have a hand very deep in the Pradtize of the Duke oijoyeufe^ about

the

Book II. Negoftation in France. ^5

the * JFoman that was fnborned to counter felt her felf4o be pojfejfed with a An. ,I5'99'.
'Devill. In wliich Pradli/.c, yt is thought here, there was a dangerous Reache^
and not throughly (If ted, becaufe yt would have touched fome or eat ones. So
as yf now the Bottomc of yt might be extorted from this Bennet, I think, yt
would be very acceptable to the King. Alfo I learn, that this fame Bennet en-
ticed away Charles 'Drury from my Houic in my Abfence at Blois , and hath
placed him Ibme where iccretly, fo as I cannot yet hear of him. I befeeche
your Honor he may be examined alio upon that Poynt; for though I were ex-
ceeding weary of him. for his Diforderliiaefs, yet I would be glad to difcharge my
hands in fbme better Ibrt of him.,

I would be glad to know whether thofe Men were brought ftom Rochell into
England, that I gave Advice of from Orleans.

Touching the zoooo Crowns, I have writthi to Ronen to the Marchants to
know how they will undertake the Exchange of yt, and will certifye your Ho-
nor e'er it be loiis. I will be bold to retayne 600/. of yt, and I have already
fent into England zn Order for the Repayment of yt into the Exchequer in the
beginning of the Terme. I have already uled fome meanes to fynd out fuche a
one as your Honor defyres t6 imploy into Spaine, and am in lome hope to hear
of one very fliortly.

, I have fought to inform my felf of the Quallity of the Haven oiT)unkerk, and
I cannot learn that yt is meet to receaveGallies, becaufe at Low Water they muft
lye drye, which Gallies furniih'd With their Tackle cannot endure, as I am in-
formed.

The Duke of Savoy hath imprifoned and eixecuired very many Frenchmen which
were in Turin, about this Pradtize which he hath lately difcovered.
: The Infanta hath nothing but Teace in her Mouth, whatfocver ftie hath in
her Heart. The fifteenth oi September flie maketh her Entry in Bruxells. This
Day one of the Treafour'ters d'Efpargne carrie to me, to afTure me the 7.0000
Crownes ftiould be ready the morrow after Mlch'aelnias-day to be pain in Rouen.
, I lent this Bearer with my Secretary to Blois, and now upon his returne I havS
difpatched him with all the Ipeed I could. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor s, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

■Mr> Secretar'y Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.
Cofen, z8*^?/g//7? 1599.

LONG before your laft Letter of the ^^^ of Auguji, her Majeftie heard from
the French King, and that in the fame Sence that you wryte, full of all
Honor and Kindnefs. For thefe things which are handled by the Freinds of the
Spanijh Counfail, her Majeftie will take Advice how to dired: you as is conve-
nient; though for the prelent / am of Opinion yt is better to take 7'iotice of their
good 'Difpofitiofis, and to improve their Affe5fions to our beji Advantage, then
to take knowledge of adverfe Humors, and,fo exafperate thofe that have little
need to care for us. Within this Day or two we have had an Alarm from Breft,
that there was a great Fleet of Ships and Gallies in Conqueji. The Governor of
the Place did very relpedfully fend unto her Majeftie to advertize this, but foch
Wfis his hafte to give us tymely Advertizement, as that proved not true which
he apprehended: for there was only fix Gallies that have long bin in Bifcay,
which one Spinola had invited the King to bring into thefe Quarters, who takes
upon him great Wonders.

* The Story of this Impofture is related at large by all the Hiftorians of that Age, bat I'll trouble the
Reader no farther than by referring him to rhaanus, £,,113, Vol.^. and to Math:t»i Hifioire de la Patx,
CTf. />. 90, vc. vyhere he will find how it was detsdled. ^,

The

^B Sir Henry Nevill'o^ Book IL

j^n. 15-95). The Fleet which was feen in Conquefi by the Frenche was part of x.\\tHollaud
Fleet, f which is returned from the Canaries without ejfTedingany great matter;
which bearing near to that Coaft at that inftant when the Galhcs arrived, did mul-
tiply that Apprehenfion ; but of this matter a fliort tyme will make further Dil-
covery, for there remayneth a great Fleet ftill at the Groyne-> and her Majeftic
hath likewife fet out her Fleet to Sea. The States have joyned fomc few Men
of War with them, which together with fome of our Marchants Ships will make
to the nomber of 60. Thefe I wifli for my part may but meet with the Spanijh
Braggers, and then I dowbt not but her Majeftie Ihall have her accuftomed For-
tune.

About five or fix Days fince here arrived Coomans-, who bringeth this only
News by Letter from the Cardinal ^//^jV-e'^j", That the King ^'/'Spayne hath gi-
ven the Archduke CommiJJIon to treat with the ^leen, and he with the Infanta
will arrive before this Day at Brnxells. To this you fliall fe'e by her Majeftie's
Letters what flie replyed, which will be fiifficient Satisfadtion to you to fee how
far file hath gon, thoughe I doubt not but Rurnors inoughe will be brought to
you of further Proceeding.

To your felf I fpake ^laynly J that yf the Warre may receave an end with
honorable and fafe Conditions, yt is the thing I much dejyre ; but you know no-
tliing is ended which is not begonne. And therefore, as I preflime, when xh^ Arch-
duke fliall fend word oihis CommiJJIon himfelf, that then her Majeftie will re-
folve to treat for the Good of her People, ib do I know right well, that y t be-
hoveth her Majeftie to do all ihe can to bring the States to good Conditions ;
or if ilie cannot draw them into the Treaty, then to forfee by iom good means,
how theire State may he kept from Danger.

Her Majeftie hath imparted to the French Ambafi^adox what flie receaved, and
what llie anfwered, whereof I thought good to give you Notice ; flie having alio
commanded me to let you know, that yf the matter come to any Head fiie will
be gladd of the Frenche King's Advice in all things, which is all I can fay of this
matter.

For the Fleet at the Groyne, and the x6 Gallies there, fince this Letter beganu
^ am advertifed, that they have changed their Defteign upon the News of our
Preparations, of which formerly they were fecure ; and this Day twelve Dayes
the Adelantado went to Sea with leventy Ships, and follows that part oi the Fie-
mijhe Fleet which is gon towards the IJlands or Indies, there to intercept the
Treafure. There hath alfo bin intercepted at Sea, neere the Groyne, three Pac-
ketts of Letters, written by Officers of the Gallies at the Groyne to their Friends
to Seville, and bearing Date but of nine Dayes old, for they were wrytten three
Dayes after the Adelantado had put to Sea ; thofe of the Gallies that are Cap-
taines do certify e their Friends, that they have had a miferable Fortune to be
brought with all the Gallies to the Groyne, confidering that when they canie,
they found yt too late to come further Northward. That in Bijcay they fee no
Sonne, that the Slaves dye, and that ihc Adelantado would beleeve nojCoun-
lail, but carried on the Enterprize for England, againft the Opinion of afl wile
Men, except yt had bin fooner begonne. And now complayne, if they be for-
ced to Winter there, that moft of them will dye, and the reft that hve, muft re-
turne Cavalleros andantes. Many more Particulars are in thole Letters inter-
cepted at Sea. And now the Queen calls in her Fleet, and difini/Teth all Land
Forces. For the King hath countermanded the Defi"eign, and now he is direded
to follow xht Flemings : So as he carrieth thither Ibm 70 Saile, and leaves fom
%o behind him, and 16 Gallies, belydes thole 6 that are com outward to Sluys.
Methinks this Concurrence of the coming over of Coomans, and the difiblving
her Majeftie's Forces, fliould breed a good Subjed; for the Difcourfe of idle Brains,
that yt would not be, except y t were in refped: that we were neere to a Peace. In
Vi'hich poynt, becaule you may know as much as is true, I proteft to you upon

t Vii, Serres Inventake, p.go6,S>cc, Crotli Annales de 'Bella Bel^ico, Uh. 8,

mv

Book II. Negotiation in France. ^7

my Fidelitic, that when you have rcccavcd this, you know as much as I. And fb ^f,; i^QO.
let me intreate you to bclccvc. That not only in regard of her Majeftie's Ser- ,./-><^-^
vice, but for my private Love to your icJfc, whcnfbcvcr there is any matter of
Importance, I Ihall flill provide that you may know yt; lb as whcnfocver you
fend to know whether this or that be true, think yf that be true which you have
heard, that there is a Diipatch upon the way towards you.

Now, Sir, I have thought good to open a matter to you, which you mufl: ufe
with wonderful Caution. This Bearer hath undertaken to do her Majeflie Ser-
vice in fome parts o^ Spayne, and rnuft pafTe throughc Bayonne in France for that
purpofe. I dare not promife my iel^ lo much of the AfFedion of 6 iii MonCieur
de Villeroy as to ufe him herein, becaulc yt might be the undoing of this Party
imploycd. But I would taine by your means, that he might be procured fome
fuche Tajfport as he might ride iafely to Bayonne, where allb my cheefe Defyre
is, that he might by your means be thus far affifted, which would be a wonder-
full Security for the Parties Lyfe, and a great means for him to do the Service
which he gbeth for. I would have you to inform your iclf, who hath any Cre-
dit with Monfieur Grammont the Governbur of Bayonne ; for yf he could be
perfwaded when this Party comes thither to protect him in the Town, and feeing
there is Peace between France and Spaine, to let him fome time have his F^ajf-
port to go into, fome of the Coafl Towns of Bifcay\ you may confider what a
Safety y t may be for him, yf he fliould be fufpeded, and how good a Cullor to
pafTe to and fro.

I have hard that Monfieur Grammonfs Mother lives in Faris, and I have alfo
knowen him to be a Follower of the Duke oi Bomllon. Now, Sir, yoii may
Confider whether by this means, or any other way, this Man may be recom-
mended to Bayonne. Sometimes I think that yf you knew any Marchant in Fa-
ris that hath Friends in Bayonne., peradventure fuche an inferior Mean may pro-
cure him Credit, as foone as a more publick' Recommendation, and with lefs
Note. Yf ybu cannot learn of any in Bayonne, yf fom of St.Jehan de Luz.
may be thought of, yt is all one to theBulynels; but of all things, what Com-
mendations foever be procured him, let none of the Frenche know he is other
then a Scott. ,

Thus, have I lay'd an Impofitiori upon you, wherein T pi-ay you obferve all
Circuniftances;, and even with thofe whom you bed truft, carrie the matter fo,
as all Favour that is done him, may throw as little Sufpicioii upon him as yt
call. And fo^ ^c:

From the CoUft Tour very affured and loving Cofem, . .

ztNonfuch. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Secretar<y Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville*

I Have feeti a Note of yours to Mr. William Killegrew^ whereby I fynd you
would be gladd to receave Allowance for matter of Intelligencie; I have
dealt with the Queen in yt, for in my Father's tyme the Queen was angry about
an Allowance made to Sir Anthony Mildmay, thoughe truly he was very mode-
rate. Now her Majeftie ufed only to me this Anfwere, that thoughe in former
tymes when the ScottiPh Queene lived , Mr. Stafford had fome extraordinary
BiUs, becaufe the League was then on foot, and France was full of Pradifes a-
gainft her, and that the tyme was fmce m.Mxf\)nton'?, tyme miferable, till the
Peace was made : Yet all things being now quietj and much to be learned with-
out great Payments, her Majeftie feemed to intend a ftreight Hand , and ufed
theale Words, That there was difference between writing Res Geftas and In-
telligences. Thus muehe I diought to tell you, not but that I will procure you

Qq, Allowance

^8 Sir Henry Nevillj Bookll.

-^n. I S99- Allowance upon any Bill or Reckoning you lliall naake, becaufe I know you will
make them reafonable; but to let you know that I cannot do as muche as I
would, and thefe Tymes are worfe then they have bin.

The Queen hath given the Frenche Ambaflador a Letter for the King, where-
of this is the Copy which I lend you, becaufe you may know her Anfwer.

We heare that the Gallies are upon the Coaft oi Normandy near Caen, and we
do looke that they may run fome danger, yf they be not harboured in Newha-
ven. And thus I end.

Tout very loving Friend and Km/man,

RO. CECYLL.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts, x^"- Sept. I'i^^. O. S.

I Have receaved this Morning thefe two inclofed Letters from Mr. Lock, from
whom I had not heard in two Moneths before; and becaufe I knew nor of
what Importance they might be in thefe Tymes ofDoitbt, I thought good to
fend them away with Ipeed, and have for that purpoie entreated my Col en Cook
to take paines to be the Meffenger. We are full of Bruires heere, which com
from Calais and the Coaft, that the Spamjh Fleet lliould be come into the nar-
row Seas. But I had Letters this Morning from this Court, which afTure me
there is nothing knowen or beleeved there, more then my Secretary advertized
me in the Letter I fent your Honor with my laft, fo ill they are here advertized.
I befeech your Honor I may underftand how Matters go there, I Ihall be other-
wife in great Payne, and little Reputation heerc. The King purpofeth fhortly
to licenfe his Coiinfail for a Moneth, and to draw hitherward. The Voiage of
Lions is notwithftanding very frelh in Speeche now agayne. The T^ofe hath
promifed the King to graunt him a "Divorce, but yt cannot be difpatched till the
Conjifiory aflemble againe, which will not be till Oifoher, by reafon the Cardi-
nals are all abroad now for their Pleafure.

I have bin trowbled fince my returne to this Towne with a Difeafe ordinary
to Straungers in this Country^ but I thank God I am now very well, and ready
to perform any Dired:ion or Commaundment I lliall receave.

I underftand by the Marchants, they would undertake the Payment of her
Majeftie's Money in England without any Loffcj were it not for thefe trouble-
fome Tymes, which makes them afraid to take any Money by Exchange, for
fear their Refpondents in England fliould faile them; I will deale with lome in
this Towne who hold Correfpondence with Corjini, and the Anfwer I receave,
I will certifie with the fyrft Commoditie. And fo ptaying God to blefs her
Majeftie's Forces, and her Royall Perlbn efpecially, whereof fhe cannot be too
wary now, I moft humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Monfiei^r de Villeroy.

Monfieur, De Paris !•"« Sept. i5'99. O.S.

^'Eiijfe bien dejire avoir eu Phonneur d' entendre par vous, ce que Jay depui^
oiiy par autre Moyen, de la gracieufe lettre ^ offers fort amiables du Roy
pre fent ees a ma Maijirejfe en fes fiennes Occafions. Car outre ce que la cogno-
tjfance de cela m'appartenoit en quelque forte comme eftant Jon miniftre par de-
f«z, ^ celiiy qui en avois traitt^ avecq le Roy de fa part en communicquant

I'adver-

Book II. Negotiation in France. 59

I' advert tjfcment qiielle avoit receu de Brcfl: de I'arriv^e de deux Efpagnols par An. is 99

dcla avecq lettres a Monjicur de Souidiac portemtes la mcfme reqnijitton, que

le Roy ne vonlut cro'irc alors, mais a depu'is trouv^ veritable; tlmeufl aujjy

donne pins grand contetttement m'cjlant communiqne de vojlre part, comme por-

tant teftnoignage ^argument de vofire favettr en mon endroi^ que je tant dc-

fire. Mats quoy que cc fiit qui a ejld la caufe que I'ous ne m'en avez donn^

aucun advert iff'cmcnt , je le veux pl>'fiojl attrihiier a quelque accident qu' a

fault de bonne volot/td envcrs moy, en ayant receu fi fouvent ajfeuraficc de vo-

Jlre boucbe, & me fentant fi fort voile ^ dedi^ queje fiiis a vous fervir & hon-

norer.

Je me resjouis infiniment:, Monfieur, de cefte conftante ^ parfai^e bonne Vo-
lontd que le Roy declare envers ma MaifJrefJe \ & puis dire ajfeurement, que
Vamitie entre leurs Majeftes en vievdra cftre nffirm^ pour jamais , pourveu
que les ejfeBz en fitivent. Entre lefquelz il feroit a defirer, que le Roy Iny
voulut prcfenter fon fee ours en la frte qui luy pent le plus profit er, & dont
elle a plus de befoing, a fcavoir eit argent, dont elk a plus de fault e-, que
d^hommes, pour s'en effre cy devant defpourveu pour Itiy en acco?nmoder. Mais
fen ay tant diUt defia, ^ vous m'avez, fi fmvent confeffe la raifon "iS j lift ice
de mes demandes, qtCil ne fera hefnvg d' autre s argument z e7i cefte matiere
que de pr teres t lefquelles je fais irefoumbles att Roy, ^tl'il luy plaife fnrmon-
ter toutes fes difticultez pour rendre a une fi fidele alli^e ung ejfe^ d'amitie
qui luy eft fi necejfaire ; (car c'eft au befoing qu'on cognoift l[amy) IS> a vous
Monfieur d'y apporter r advancement, que je f^ay fort bien que vous y pourrez
apporter plus que nul autre. ., ,. ,

Au Refte Monfieur, pour nepouvoir encores venir en Cour moi mefme a caufe
d'une indifpofition de ma ferfonne fort commune aux Eftrangers qui viennent
en ce pais, jy envoy e mon Secretaire pcrteur de la prefente, pour vous Sollici-
ter tant ett ceft affaire, qti autre s que je raccommanday an Confei I devant que
je partis de Bloys. Vous fiippliant auffy de me faire participant par fon moyen
des advertijfements que vous pourrez avoir receu du defteing^ nombre, & qua-
lite des vaiffeaux tS hommes de cefte Flotte d'Efpagne; & principalement dti
nombre de galeres, ^ fi elles font defia arrive z a la Corogne, pour fe joindre
au refte de la Flotte, ou fi on les attend. Vous me fere z une fiveur finguliere,
^ a la Royne ung ojfce d^amitie fort grand, de me communiquer ce que vous
'entendez de ceft affaire, ^ vous en fupplie bient humblement. Et fur ce je
k/ous baife les mains, prient die'u^ ^c.

'Monfieur, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE,

S'ir Henry Ne\dlle lo Monfteidr de Rliofny.

Monfieuri De Paris i Septembre 15-99. ^ ^

USTANT retenu d'une indifpofition de ma perfonne, qui a continue defia
^ que Iqnes jours, de forte que je ne puis pas fi toft venir en Cour quejedefi-
rois, fay pen fe y envoyer ce mien Secretaire pour faire mes Affaires jufques a
ma venue. Et me confiant beauconp en voftre faveur & courtoifie, & en vofire
bonne affedlion envers la Royne ma maiftrejfe, & la caufe commune qiielle em-
brafe, fay pris I'hardiejfe de le vous recommander, & vous fupplier de prendre
eonfidence de luy en tout ce qdil vous plaira de me comfnuniquer. Tar mefme
moienje vous ay voulu ajfurer, que la Royne rna Soveraine fur le rapport qu'elle
a eude vos vertus & dignes qualitez^ & du fervice tres important © tres fidele
que vous faiBez tons les jours au Roy, vous ayme ^ refpe6ie beancoup, <§ de-
fire autant de fe pouvoir affeurer de voftre amitie, que de celle d' aucun Seignieur
en France; ^fiuis affure que ce fien defir saccroiftera, quatidelle aura entendu
-' •" fi J -^ J ^ (comme

lOO &'r Henry Neville Book It.

An. JS99- (comme je lny ay dejia mattde,) les bons offices que votis hiy avez dern'ierement
rendu., en la confultation qui sejl falBe an Cojifetl du Roy, touchant la requiji-
tlon des EfpagHols, d' avoir ports & aiitres faveurs en France four leur Arme^,
qiHilz frefarent contre V Angleterre . T)ont cependantje vous remercie tres af-
fe^ueufement en fin mm, & vous frie de continuer la mefme bonne volant e,
vous ajjeurant que rna Alaijirejfe nen fera jamais ingrate.

J'ay efte infiniement resjoui de la lettre qiiil a pleu au Roy d'efcrire a ma
Souveraine, pleine d'affeBion, & d'offres fort amiable s. Je defire feulemejit
qu'il luy pleuji de luy faire ajjiftance en la forte, quelle a le plus de befoing
d'ejire ayde, af^ avoir, en argent. Car ces plaifirs font vrais plaifirs d' amy, qui
fe font en la faifon ^ en lafapn qu'on les defire, & au befoign on cognoifi I' amy.
Void done la faifon prefentee au Roy fur toutes atitres la plus propre, . de £ac-
quitter non feulement de fa debte, mais encore du plaifir & fervice qtiil a tird
de la Royne, & d'ajfermir pour jamais cefe amitie entre kurs Majejiez. Et
vous puis dire Monfieur, que cinquante ou foixante milk efcus, viendront
mieux a propos a ceji heure pour faire ceji effeEi, que cinq cens mil un autre
fois. Employ ez vous done Monfieur pour V honneur de '\Dieu, @ du Roy mefme ^
& tafchez de furmonter ces difficultez que vous m^avez repprefent^es, pour
rendre ung effeB d' amitie fi necejfaire a une princejfe, qui a poflpofe ces affaires
propres a ceux du Roy.

Au rejie Monfieur ce port eur vous dira les native lies ^ I' E flat de nos Affair es^
a qui, pour ne vous ennuyerplusje m'en remettray, ^vous baiferay en ceji en-
droit les mains, priant "l^ieUj

Monfieur, ^c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Wtm"^ 'b^QYiWt to Air. Secretary Ctc^W.

llight Honorable, Tarts the 6* of September 1599, O. S.

I Make no doubt but your Honor is advertifed continually from the Gover-
nours of this Coaft, of fuch Intelligence as they receave touching the Spa-
nifh Fleet. For fo hath the King commaunded them, and fo hath the Gouver-
nour of TDiepe affured me, that both he and others will do from tyme to tyme;
fo that I am fore her Majeftie tinderftands as much as they know, before this King
himfelf And other Advertifements of any Account or Certaynry, I dare avow
they have not in this Court ; as your Honor may well judge, by the Contradidtion
of that they have delivered unco me in this Matter, from my fyrft coming hi-
therto. The Advices they have lately receaved from the Coaft, hath made them
againe to change their Mynd, and to be of Opinion that the Fleet will come,
and that yt is far greater then they beleeved yt to be. ^100. The "Duke de
Bouillon told ?ny Secretary, that they were advertized that they confifted of
2,60 Sayle of all Sorts, and that their DefTeign was to land about Brifiow, or Mil-
ford Haven. But in very Truth, I am veryly perfwaded that they know nothing,
but roave at the Matter altogether. For fince I heard from the Court, I receaved
this inclofed from the premier Trejident of Rouen, whereby your Honor may
fee that now againe upon the Coaft they are of another Opinion ; and yet I know
this Alarum at the Court came from them. But this good is come of yt, that yt
hath caufed the King to haften hitherward, and he is already come to Fontain-
bleau, and hath appointed his Counfaill to follow, and to be heere, or at St.
Germains the xo* of this Moneth.

Tow Dayes fence, there came unto me one that belongs to the Treforier de
V Efp argue, that is to pay the 20000 Crownes, to require the original Bond to
make an Accquitance by, and a Warrant from the King unto the Chamhre des
Contes. I had before fhewed the Originall to the Treforier himfelf, and fence de^
livered him a Copye attefted by tow Notaries, in the Prefence of his Deputy,

and

Book II. Negotiation in France. loi

and therefore have rcfulcd to deliver the Originall; for the Icfs Cattfc they have An. 1599.
to requyrc yt^ the more jealous 1 am to deliver yt. But when c!ic Counlail coines ^y~^ ^
I hope we Ihall end this matter with Rca.'bu.

Your Honor iccth wliat the Trcmur Trcfulent wrytcs tcnchin'^ w. 175-.
Scot land. I affiire yoit there arc very Jlratinge Bruits here of fime Z. publtk
q.icrz.khc. danvcr to grow that v.uiy. \v. 109 Char.'cs Paget aljtireth me,
that there hare bin great TraBifcs nfed to izinue f. ifo the King of Scot-
land, to joy lie '■^ith c. 100 the King of Spaine againfl a. ico the ^icene; and
that yf there be not fome Cotirfe taken to pr event yt., he v: ill fire ly draisje that
'■ji'oy in the End. d. 100 The 'Duke de Ijouillon hath reccaved Intelligence, but
I knoiv not ivhence, that ^.i so the King of Scotland hath proclaimed JVar a-
gainji the [^te'cn. Your Honor can belt confider of is-hat Confcqnence thcfe
Matters are, and ho-jo they may be beji Prevented. Upon thefc Brnites, I cauled
one who is inward with/ 15-4 the Ambaffaior of Scotland, to found him about
thefe Martcrs, but he pretended utterly to kno v notliin^, faying that he hath
not heard thence in two Months. I fynd Diiliculty in procuring any Man to
undertake the Matter your Honor fo much defyred into Sl>aine, becaufe yt is
fo full of Danger, yet I do offer they fliould be largely confidered. I will not
give over the Matter fo, and am in hope to fyt your Honor at length, thoughe
I ftay fome tyme about yt. I am perfwadej iv. 109 Charles Taget is able to
difcover Ibmwhat touching /ifo the King of Scotland, which would be worth
the knowing ; but without fome AfTurance of that he affecfl'^, he is too cunning to
open himielf too farre. That obtained, I am fully of Opinion, that there may
be good ufe made of him.

There is a Scotch-man here called * Bruce, a Papifl:, but a good Scholar, that
is publifliing a Book againft the Jefuits, and likev/ile the Kings Advocate, en la
Chambre de Contes called Tafqiiier. They have both made means to me, to fur-
nilli them with matter againft them, Yf yt plcafe you therefore to impart unto
me any Particularities of their lewd Dealings againft her Majeftic, and her State,
I think yt might be to good purpofe; confidering that now their Caufe is in que-
ftion, for their Refiitution, or ^erfetuall Exclufion.

I underfland there are 6000 Swijfers lately levied among the petit Cantons,
3000 for the Archduke, and 3000 for the Duke of Savoy. I hear alfo a Report
that the King of Spayne is about to make a Levye of izooo Italians, the Inten-
tion is not yet knowen, but fuppofed to be for the Ufe of the Titike of Savoy, yf
he have need. When your Honor is freed of this extraordinary Care abowt the
Spanijh Attempts, I hope you will be pleafed to diredt me, how I fliall proceed
in the Matters I have negotiated heere. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

S'tr Henry Neville to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, ^ September 1^99- O.S.

IReceaved this inclofed Yefterday from Mr. Lock, and fynding this Bearer
ready to return for England, I thought good to fond yt away by him. 1
Ipake lately with one that came from Rochell, who told me that a Captaine of
that Towne arrived there out of Spaine upon Tizieufday was feavennight, and
who reporteth that he had feen the Fleet imbark, and had bin amongft them, and
left them under Saile, and affirmeth for certaine that they tooke their Courfe for
the IJlands. w.xo9, Charles Taget likewife advertifed me this Day, that he had

* Cardinal d' OJJat (fays of hjrn) qu'il fait le mal-cmtent dei Jefuits, v des Vlamam, c neanmoini

qti'il frequente fort ehez. U S Ba^itijle Tafjls, Amhajfade^r dtt Roy d' Efpagne, v q'l'H cjl fort tnaiivais home.
Vol. J. p. 70.

D d Ipoken

1 o 2 Sir H E N RY N E V 1 L L J Book IL

An. 1599. rpoken with a Gentleman of his Acquaintance who came very lately out olSfaine,
who confirmeth the fame; how this agreeth with your other Intelligences I know
not, but I thought yt my Duty to advertifc yt as I underftood of yt.

Heere is muche Speeche to our Difgrace, that the Gallies were fuffered to pafs
fo quietly to Sliiis^ efpecially feeing there was {o good Warning given of their
Approche, by the Governours of thefe Parts. Thofe which affe<ft us are very
forry, and thofe which love us not, laughe us to Scorne. I wrote unto your
Honour lately of the Deathe of Monfieur de la Motte Fenelon; I heare now
that Monfieur de Rochptt Governor of Anjou is nominated for the Place, but
makes great labour to avoyde yt. I befeech your Honour to let me underftand
your Pleafure touching Mr. Lock, how far I iliall communicat of his Imployment
with Monfieur de Villeroy. I have advertized what my Conceyt is of his Dilpo-
fition towards our State, your Honour will be pleafed to advife how muche to
truft him. Mr. Lock hath once or twice defyred me to ufe Monfieur de V'llle-
roy's meanes to Taxis the Spamjh Ambajfador to graunt him a PafTeport to go in-
to S^aine, which methinks is fo fenceles a thing to be moved, and fo ready a way
to cut his Throat thoughe yt were obteyned, as I have wiflied him never to thinke
more of that Courfe. Yt leemes the Gentleman is very defyrous to do fom Ser-
vices, but the Difficulty is in the Meanes. What your Honor fliall commaund
me in flirtherance of him, I will be ready to do the utmoft.

John Miijfy arryved here yefternight with a Packet from the Ambaflador, and
another from la Foantame, and told me that in the AmbafTador's Packet there
was a Letter from her Majellie to the King. I would have bin very gladd, yf yt
would have pleafed your Honor, to have ufed me for the Delivery thereof, rather
then their Ambaffador. For my Negotiation hitherto with the King, hath bin, as
your Honor knoweth, moft abowt an unj^leafing SubjeSf, which would have bin
fomwhat fweetened by the Argument of this Letter, contayning as I fuppole no-
thing but kindnefs, in Anfwere to his kind Letter to her Majellie. Befydes I
find Monfieur de Villeroy s Courfe to be this, that wherein he can ufe their ovvne
AmbalTador, he will never ufe me, not fo muche as to communicate yt with me,
which I fynd very ftraunge. And unlefs yt pleafe your Honor to do the like with
their Ambafi!ador there, I fee not how I ihall remedy yt ; and continuing in that
fort, I fliall not be able to ferve her Majellie, but with great Difadvantage and
Dilreputation.

I underftand by common Fame and not other wife, that there have bin fome
CommiJJioners in England from the Archduke, to treate of Teace. But of that
and all things concerning our State, I hope to heare fome Certainty by thofe Let-
ters from your Honor, which Mujfy tells me are upon the Way. In the mean
tyme, ^c.

Tour Honoris, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris 16* Sep. XS99- O. S.

IUnderfland by Mujjy, who brought over a Packet from Monfieur de Boififfe,
that he left one at 'T)over, that had another from your Honor to me. But I
hear of none fuche as yet, and therefore I would not longer difler to advertife
your Honor of that I take to be of Importance for you to know, namely, that
the Spanijh Fleet which was put to Sea, and had taken their Courle for the
IJlands, was forced by the Weather to return to Feroll, where it now remain-
eth. When I fyrfl receaved this Intelligence, I was-defyrous to be better aflur-
ed of yt before I wrote yt, and therefore went unto Monfieur Villeroy, who is
now in this Towne with the reft of the Counfaill, to know whether he under-
ftood any fuche Matter. " He told me he had the day before receaved Advertife-
" ment to the fame purpofe, and his Opinion waSj that they would difmifs their

" Army,

Book II. Negotidtioji in France. 103

" Army, and nttcmpc no more this Yoare. His Rcafoiis were, that part o{ An. i5'99.

*' the Hollanders Fleet was ahcady retorncd home in Safety, and the reft gon ^/"y"^^-'

" to the Indies and left the Ijlands wholly. And as for the Indian Fleet which

" was now to rcrornc, yt would be cythcr f/riB on failli before they would

" come to their Succor. But when I rcplyed, that (eeing that part of their pur-

" pole fay led, they mis^ht perhaps pourfuc their other DefTcign, of attempting

" upon lome part of England or Ireland., rather than loolc the whole Fruitc

" of fo great a Charge ; he aniwered nothing, bnt tJmt he thought they 'u; on Id

" do nothinff till the Sping ". Your Honor hereupon can bcft confidder,

what probabilitie there is that they will difmifle fuch an Armie of fo great

Charge, and that hath raifed fo great an Expedation, without attempting lome-

what to the difturbance of their Ennemies.

" He told me alfo, that there were four Gallies more to come into thefe Parts,
" befydes the fix already arryved at Slu/e. Of whofe PafTage he Ipake with /ome
" Tax to us, laying that they put on to the Englijh Shoare, thinkyng that
" the fafcr, becaufe the other was kept by the Hollanders ; which I had not
" hard before, althoughe I had hard much more then I tooke any Pleafure of

He told me alfo, " that the King receaved very great Contentment of a Let-
" ter her Majeftie had lately written to him. I fayd the King fliould always fynd
" her Majeflie a very Royal and Honorable PrincefTe, very ready to do him all
" Kindnefs, and very grateful! for that Ihe receaved; and my hope was, flie
" fliould fynde the like Difpofition in the Kynge, according as I had ever given
" her Aflurance fince my coming hither; and prayed him to concurre with me
" in all good Offices and Endeavours to entertayne this good Correlpondence be-
" tween their Majefties, whiche he fayd he would always be ready to do. I put
" him in mynd that the Time did now approache wherein he had promifed by
" the Anfwere he delivered me, to make knowen unto her Majeftie what flie
" lliould receave from the Kynge this next Yeere, I fayd yt was a matter did
" muche import her to know, and therefore prayed him yf they had refolved of
" yt, to impart yt to me, that I might advertife her Majeftie of yt. His Anfwere
•' was, that thefe Bruites and other Occafions had fo bufyed them, that they
" had not yet had leylure to finiflie that Bufynefs, but that yt was in hand, and
" as loon as any thinge was don, I lliould be informed of yt.

I was likewile to viftt the Chancellor^ and follicitted him in that Matter of the
Englijh taken by thofe of Marfeilles; ^'hereof her Majeftie had written unto
the Kynge, and the Counfaile had promifed me to informe themfelves, and to give
me an Anfwere. He told me " the Secretary for that quarter had Charge to
" inform himfelf in that Caufe, and that he would fpeake with him in it, and
" thereupon propofe yt unto the Counfail. They both afTured me of the Kyng's
" great forwardnefs, to have imployed both his Forces and himfelf in her Maje-
" fties Aid yf need had ben, and that yt was the only Caufe of his Retorne fo
" foone into theafe Parts, and fo further yf occafion had bin.

I perceave by them, that in the matter of the T>ivorce they exped: that the
Kynge Ihall receave very good Satisfaction kox^Rome\ for which purpole the
Cardinal J oyenje corns hither very lliortly, pretending pri vat A ifay res of his own,
but not without CommiJJion^ as the Chancellor confeffed to me, to treate with
the Greene J and to take her Confent or ConfeJJion., that fo f ome forme ofju-
fiice 7nay be obferved in theTroceeding. The Chancellor told me, " he under-
" flood that Father Bennet a Capichin that went hence, was Prifoner \x\ Eng-
" land: And fayde that he was a ^rinci^allT^ealer in that lewde Pradice about
" the 'Demoniaque, and that he was in good hands now, where the Truthe of
" all might be known. I fayd yt was true that fuche a one was taken and im-
" prifonned, and yf the Kynge did requyre that he fliould be examined about
" yt, rprefumed the Queene would be willinge to gratifye him in that, as rea-
" dily as in all other matters, wherein fhe might declare her Affedion towards
" him. To that he anfwered not in particular, but in generall he recommended
" yt, and acknowledged her Majeftie's good Will and good Offices towards the

" King",

1 04. S/r H E N RY Neville Book IL

j:4n. 1599. " Kii.^ ". This I have thought good to certifie, becaufe I have once before
•_^' V "-- moved your Honor in this matter as of my felf Mr. Edmonds can very well
inforrac your Honor of that Pradice about the Tiemoniaque, wherein the Ca-
■piichin late'DiiLe <?/ Joyeufe was the princi^allJBor, and this Bennet and ano-
ther ^ his p-iucij^ all Adherents ; and fom great Lay -men thought to ^^-delaPartie.
I lend your Honor herewith a fnort Narration of the manner of the late Pra-
dile upon Tf/r/V?, and the'2)i/?o^'f?J' of yt. Since I underftand, that the Captain
Beatilieu there mentioned, is executed.

The matter of the Marqrdfat of Saluces (lands in the fame Terms yt did*.
There is now a Specche that yt lliould be delivered in TDepofito unto the Tope
tyll .t be judged; v,'hcrein I hcare there are fo many Difficulties propofed, as yt
will hardly take place. It fceras the Kinge will have great Patience, and bear
muche before he draw his Sword againe. For the matter of the Jefiiits yt is not
yet refolved, they ^vere hard at Blois, and put over againe till the Counfails
coming to this Town. I hear the King has taken fome new Offence agaynft
them, becaufe they have entered into their College at 'Dijon in Burgogne with-
out his leave, upon fome fecret Favour of the Parleraent there.

The Cardinal Andreas iaiuted the Kinge at Halier, Monfieur de Vitrie's
Hotife, and fo pafTed along to Orleans, and from thence down the River of
Loyre with a purpofc to fee thofe Towns, and afterwards to take his Journey to-
wards Lions, and from thence into Spalnexo Sarragozza, where the Kynge ly-
eth. His Brother the Marquifs o^ Burgau is alfo certaynly gon thither, in the
Companie of the Count of Lodron, as I wrote before.

I wrote in my lad of a Levie of 3000 Suijfers for the Archduke, and as many
for the Duke of Savoy. I hear now that the Cantons have made a Stay of both,
upon fearebeli.ke to difcontent this Kinge at this tyme, being upon the point to
receave fome Satisfidtion from him in part, for the great Summes of Money,
whichc he and the lafl Kynge did owe them.

Of the Levie in Italy whereof I wrote, I neyther hear Confirmation nor Con-
troulment. I have written unto your Honor heretofore of the great nomber of
'Priejls and Jcfints which are now in England. I am afTured by ':£'.xo9. Charles
1 Taget and others, that their nomber groweth. Yf yt p'eafe you to give raeCom-
miflion to deal with fome in this Towne, and to alTure them of fomewhat from
her Majeflie to fcay thcmfelves upon, I believe 1 lliould be able to difcover their
Nefts and Haunts. I would yt would pleafe your Honor to be a means to her
Majeflie to make fome Triail of Taget\ I thinke fiie would not repent her
of yt.

I have at length underftood of one, that is willing to accept the Imployment
your Honor iiitcndeth into Spaine. He hath fomtymes bin a Trieji, but has
fmce become of the Religion, and married; yet for his more Safetye, and
to avoyd Sufpicion in his Aboad there, he will take upon him the Habit, and
for need the FunEfion of a Triefi, which will alfo give him Credit and Trull
there, and means thereby to do the better Service. He hath bin already lundry
tymes imployed by this Kinge, fyrfl: at Bruxells during the League for tow or
three Years together; and afterwards twice into Callais, while x}c\t Spaniards
held yt. Language he hath none perfcd: but the Frenche. Spanijh and Italiait
he underftandi, but fpeakerh not ; but makes account within three Months to
fpeake Sfanifo fufficicntly for his purpofe. His Demaund was 600 Crowns by the
Yeare, but in the end he was contented to accept 400 Crowns : Hoping that yf
his Service was acceptable, that her Majeftie would beftow fome fmall Stipend
upon him at his returne, whereupon he might ftay himfelf and his Family. He is
recommended unto me for a faythfuU honed Man whom I may trud. I have pro-
mifed him Anfwere with in twenty Days ; and yf he be nor ufed, I have promifed
him fomewhat for his Stay. For yf I had not at this inftant met with him, he had
bin gon into the Low -Countries, to be imployed by Monfieur de la Noiie. I be-

* Memoiiei de Bt. tiujgUi, VA i p. 198, is-c.

feechf

Book II. Negotiation in France. 105I

feechc your Honor I may underfland your Plcaiiirc herein within the tyme Hmit- An. 15-99;
ted. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's.) See.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

S I Ji,

I Know not what to write by this Bearer, becaufe the Subflance of his Journey
is contained in the Queen's Letter, to which I referr you. The matter not-
withftanding is fuch as her Majeftie much affedeth ; and therefore yf any Indil^
pofition of yours, or the King's Abfence be fuche as may make Delay, I would
wiflie that you did with all Expedition fend away this Letter, Icaft yt be fayd
that they have their Paflport before he receave the Queen's Letter. You may
fend fome difcreet Servant of yours with him to bring you anfwerej but I could
wifhe that the Pod ran over with the Letter.

Of Ireland we hear nothing worth the wryting, for the Tyme of the Year is
fo Ipent as the cap'italL Traytor cannot be affailed but in FaftncfTes and Strengths,
whereby the Queen's Forces are dayly wafted. My Lord is now on a Jorney
towards xhc Northern Frontjre, from which he will be retouined to Titiblin the
29* of September., and then for this Wynter, only place Garrifons in the inner
parts of the Kingdom, fo as in my Opinion he Jhall be revoked. His Lordlhip,
praifed be God, is yet in good Health, and therefore in the Wynter Seafon, yt
Were not well to hazard him in fo moyft a Country.

Our Gallies that are now in Shoe, do harme to the Low -Country men. For
thoughe there be Ibme Ships before the Haven, yet yt is not poffible to keepe in
GaUies, that will in calme Weather row by the Strengthe of their Oars, when
Shipps ftand ftill, and will before the Wynd out-laile all the Shipps in the World.

If you have any Land in Sujfex, where any of my Lady my Cofen's mylchei
Kyne and fat Weathers goe, Spinola will have fome of them next Springe.

Of Coomans we hear nothing fince my wryting ; of all other News from for-
reign parts, we muft rather exped: them from you then you from us ; only the
Good I can fend you is, that her Majeftie is well, God blefs her long ; and Ihe is
well pleafed with your Services, and for my felf I do and ever will remayne

Tour ajfeEiionate Kin/man and Friend,

RO. CECYLL.

Mr, Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, 1^^ September i5'99.

BEcaufe you may not be Ignorant how all things goe in Ireland, nor beleeve
all Bruites that fly over, I have thought good to fend you this Abftract of
the Proceedings which my Lord hath held. Sir yf the Rebells may be had up-
on any good Conditions, non funt ponendi rumores ante falutem. Tyronne is
gone to Odonnell, to fee yf he will confent to his Agreements. At his Returne
my Lord will fall to Capitulations more particularly, which will be the way to
draw things to conclufion, fo as I cone cave my Lord will not be long in Ireland,
for yf there follow Teace he need not, and for a Wynter Warre, which mufi
be only by Garrifons, f great e a Generall need not.

Between Scotland and the ^een all things are well, for he fends for his Gra-
tuity, and fynds no juft Caufe to be difcontented for the matter oi Aijhefield,
which was done without the Queen's Privitie 5 and when he was brought away,

E e lie

10^ &r Henry Neville Bookll.

An.\'i^<). he was not forced but entyced, which is a matter very toUerable. I wilhe your
Health, and my Lady my Cofen well delivered, that I may hear of a Frenche
Cofen Germaine. And fo I commend you to God.

From the Court Tour loving Kinfman and ajfured Friend^

^iNonfmhe. ^ RO. CECYLL,

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is 24'^ Se^t. 15:99. O. S.

YOUR Difparch of the xS"^ oiAttgujl, came not to my Hands till the 17^^ of
September in the Evening ; neyther cam y t by the Party your Honor men-
tioned therein, whom your Honor alfo commended to my Care to be furdered
in his Jorney and Imployment by me, but by one Honiman who brought like-
wife Letters from the Governour of 2)ie/'^ to Monfieur /^i//f r(?y concerning fbme
Service, whereunto I procured him Aufwere I hope to her Majeftie's Content-
ment, and difpatched him away in hade upon Thurfday Morning. This Mr. Ho-
niman told me, that Luff who iliould have brought this Packet, tooke Shipping
directly for Bayonne as his beft courfe, which diichargeth me of a great parte of
the Care your Honor committed to me to procure his lafe Paflage thether. For
the other poynt of procuring him to be commended to Monfieur Grammont, I
will do yt with all the Dexterity and Caution I can: Wherein I ajpure your Ho-
nor I dare not tife~^xi'i. Mmfieur de Villeroy ; and for the old Woman, I am
afraid to trufl: her with it, and befydes I hear flie is retired from hence. But I will
advife with d\oo the Duke de Bouillon, of the beft means to do yt, and there-
in I muft be dryven to deal plainly with him, for he will think yt ftrange that I
ihould be fo carefull to recommend a Scott, except yt be for fome Service to be
don for her Majeflie. Mx.Hom'iman had fet down a Cowrfe which he iaith he
did acquaint your Honor with, to have obtayned Letters of Naturalization for
him of this King as for a Scott, fuppofmg yt would make his dilguifing more
probable, yf he were brought in queftion. But having receaved no fuch Diredlion.
from your Honor, I difliked that Courfe, bothe for the Incongruity of y t, that
I iliould have laboured in luche a matter for 2l Scott, (there being an Ambaflador
of that Nation here, which would have made the matter very lufpicious ;) and
alio becaufe yt mufl: have palfed under the Greate Seal, and confequently
through too many Hands to have bin kept fecret. I guefle, by reafon your Ho-
nor hath imployed fb many already that way, that you will have no need or ule
of him that I advertiled you of in my laft. Yet all Quallities requifite in fuche
an Employment confydered, I think you fhould not eafily fiude a fitter. I will
not therefore abfolutely difcharge him, till I heare of an Anlwere from your Ho-
nour.

Monfieur de Villeroy told me the laft tyme I fpake with him, that her Maje-
ftie had imparted unto their AmbafTador, what had pafl^ed between her and him
that came out of the Low-Countries about the Treaty ofTeace. I have in for-
mer Communication both with the Kinge and him, fignified in generallitie, that
yf the Treatie proceeded, her Majeftie would be very willing and defyrous to
receave the King's Advice 'm. yt ; that as their Interefts were fincerely joyned,
and in a fort common, {o their Proceedings likewife might be by common Ad-
vice and Counfail. I could never have other Anfwere but this, that when her
Majeftie Iliould require yt, the King would not reliife to give her his faythfull
Advice ; but he knew her to be fo wife, and lo well affifted by wife Counfail, as
ilie little needed his.

Yf her Majeftie's Pleafure be that I fhall more particularly urge yt, yt may
pleafe your Honor to dired: me in what forr, and upon what Particularities. I
dare not in a matter of this Weight interpofe any of my own Conjectures ; but

lurely

Book II. Negotiation in France. 107

furely I am very jealous xh^t this Couvfail hath a great 'Dejfeign upon this yi^xcan
'Peace, fuppofiiig that her Majcfiie \x:UL make it 'ujithout the States, and that _y^-\^~^
they ^jjili be forced thereupon to caft t hem f elves into this Kings Armes. I have
many Motives to be of this Opinion. * F)rji, lam informed by good meanSj
that when your Honor came over here, with CommifTion and purpole to have
entered into the Treaty of Peace jointly with this King, yf the States fhould have
bin contented to have treated likevvife: The King d)d underhand dijpiiade them
from Teace, tipon A^'nrance of a /landing Supply from him (?/zooooo Cro'-^nes
Tecrely, bejydes other fecret Favours. This he hath not performed fince, but
only fo muche as might keepe them out of Defpayre, but not out of Ncceflltic.

Againe, they do what they can here to put a Jealoufy into the States Heads
of her Majcfiie, That f ye will abandon them. They iceke ro brcake off the 7^-
telligence between her and them, and have in a manner exprefly forbidden their
Agent here, to have too jlr eight Communication with me, or to let me know
how matters pafs between them ; in the mean tyrae the King Jills them full
of verball Comfort that he will not forfake them, whofoever clfe do. All
which in my poor Opinion doth inferr thus muche, that they would not have
them make Peace, but yet they would be content to fever them from her Maje-
fiie, and that they fhould depend only ?//<?;^ French e Hopes and Amitie. I re-
member that Monfieur la Fountaine conferring with me at large the fame Day I
came from London of rhele and other matters, told me, that the King would wil-
lingly joyne with the Queen in their Maintenance, becaufe flie knew his underta-
king yt alone might breed Ibme Jealoufy between them: But afluredly he was
refolved that yt was necelTary by all means that they fliould be upholden; and
yf the Queen would not joyne in yt he would do yt alone, rather than they
Should ilirinke or yeeld under the Burderi. r. xG'y. The States Agent hath di-
re^ly told me , the King^s 'Drift is to fever thetn from this freight T)epen-
dance and Amitie, which they now hold with her Majeftie. Yf this be not
prevented, your Honor can bed judge of what Confequence and Danger it may
be. For furely, more then in the King^s own Inclination, (which perhaps is no
Very lure Anker neyther,) you can make no Foundation in this Amitie. They
which law and hard, what Rejoycing was heere generally at our imaginaryDan-
ger, upon the Rumour of the Spaniards landing in England, might eafily con-
ceave what Affedion they bare in their Hearts towards us. Befydes, their care-
Ifefs Proceeding to give her Majeftie any Contentment, in her juft Demaunds and
fo important Occauons, argueth their little Regarde of her, and their fmall De-
fyre of her Profperitie. I have had yt often anfwered me, when I have urged
the ^een's great Merits, as a Motive to them to give her good Contentment in
thofe Things flie required of them, that in doing that, foe did as muche ajfure
her own Ejlate as pleafure them. But that which cheefly makes me to miftruft
this Amitie, is the Drift that in my poor Judgment may be difcovered dayly in
the cheefe Miniflers and Counfaillours here, to work a Perfwajion and Hope in ,
the King, that he may become Head of the Catholique Party throughout Chri-
ftendom ; for the obteyning whereof, there is no doubt they will likewile per- \

fwade him, that he muft eftrange himfelf from all Shew and Effedrs of Friendlhip
to thofe of the other Syde, arid to entertayne ftreight Amitie only with the Ca-
tholiques. Hence comes the paring of his laft Edi5i graunted to them of the
Religion, in fitch e fort as yt is far worfe then that of jj, which was graunted
them by the laft King in a tyme when they were exceeding weake, and at Dif-
cord among themfelves. Hence comes alfo the manifeft Neglect and Injury to
them of Geneva, not only omitting them out of his Treaty with the Duke of
Savoy, thoughe Mx^Predeceffor had taken them into Mx^ProteBion, but in refufing
to pay them that which they lent him, and disbourfed for his Service. Hence
the Inclination, and almofi the Refolutionto readmit the Jefuits, though great-

* The- Reader may find a large Account of this Negotiation in Cambden'i Eliz. p. 545, eye tho' I muft
obferve that thefe Circumftances are entirely omitted.

!o8 Sir Henry Neville Book II.

my coming. 1 o all wnich, ir the Amg .
/afe kind Offer to her Majejiie ; I anlwer the Matter is not yet ripe, nor through-
ly wrought, but what may not Minifters fo affeded work in tyme, with a Prince
that disburdeneth himfelf of all Affaires as much as he can, and caftcth the Care
upon them. Befydes your Honor remembreth the Saying of Tacitus, beneficia
eo nfque lata Jiiiit dim videntur exolvi pojfe\ tibi multum mitevenirey pro gra-
tia odiuni redditur.

I cannot forget however, in* my fyrft Audience the King told me, upon Oc-
cafion of fome Speeche which then paiTed between us, that he Jlood in as good
Termes at Rome, and had as good Credit as the King of Spaine. Pardon me I
humbly befeech your Honor, that I am entered ib far into this Argument, for
though yt belong rather to my place to advertife, then to inferre or to inforce,
yet my Zeale to her Majeftie's Service cannot contayne yt feif within ordinary
Bounds, and methinks I fee fomewhat more then I can by a bare Advertizement
exflaine. What I have written I befeech your Honor to keepe to yourfelf, and
to interpret yt yf I erre, as an Error of Miftake, and not of Prefiimption.

I receaved within thefe two Days, this Book which I fend your Honor ; the
\ Author of yt is now ficke of an Ague, which he fears may turn into a Con-
lumption, for the Recovery whereof he is very defirous to goe into England,
and hath made means unto me to procure your Honor's Paflport to return thi-
ther and to prefent himfelf to your Honor ; which perhaps he intends not, with-
out Ibme pourpofe of offering his Service further unto you. I befeeche your
Honor to let me underftand yourPleafure,bothe touching him and w.'i.o^. Charles
"Paget.

Concerning the Matter whereof I wiflied that Bennet the Capuchin Ihould be
examined, Mr. Edmonds can very fully informe your Honor. But for the Parti-
cularities which may moil; import the King to know, I Will informe my felf as
loon as I may, and advertife your Honor thereof.

For the Polls which I have difpatched fince my coming, I allure your Honor
except one or tow, they could have little bufynefs elfe but what I delivered them,
for I difpatched them upon the foddaine, and other means then by the Polls I
have none fometimes in -tow Moneths together, and thofe I have in that Sort, I
fynde are very flowe. But if your Honor think well of that uncertayne and
fiowe Meanes of Convayance of Letters, I will conform my felf to your Plea-
fure therein hereafter, thoughe I am fure that my Advertifements will be very
Stale by this means before they come, which perhaps will be imputed to my neg-
ligence. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honors, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

• ?*. S. Monfieur Villeroy in my laft Conference with him, told me he under-
ilood we were towards a Peace in Ireland, and that Tyronne offer'd parley. I
did rather take yt for a Scorne then for a Truth, but I replyed nothing, becaule I
had not then receaved your Honor's Letters, and knew not what he might have
receaved in his Packet from Monfieur de Boififfe.

* See Sir Henr'j Nevill's Letter to the Secretary i6th May, p. 30.

t The Author of this Book was Dr. John Cecil, who is often mentioned before in thefe Letters, and
was the Perfon appointed on the Part of Bothwell and the reft of the Scotch Pofifh Lords to oppofe Ogltby's
Negotiation in Spain, which is printed before at large. The Book it felf I can give no Account of, but it
appears by the Letter which immediately follows, to have been wrote in Anfwer to one Father Criton,
(perhaps the fame Perfon that wrote the Life of Cardinal Latino) but whatever it was, 'tis certain the Je-
fuits laboured hard to prevent the Publication of it.

* Father

Book II. Negotiation in France. 1 09

/In. TS99-
"^Falher Wardefort to Dr. John Cicill.

Reverend Sir, Rome, 4th Sep. I5'99. S. N.

SO it is, that fincc my Rcturne to abide in the Englijhe College, I undcrftood
by Father Parfons our Re^or, that Maflcr Dodtor Kelli'fon hath writtca
heather, concerning a certainc Intention of yours to 'write a Book againji Fa-
ther Criton, touching certaine Differences betwixt you and him. Whereupon
Father 'Tar fins willed me, both in his Name and in myn owne, as one you know
of old, to write Ibmc fewe Lines to dehorte you from fuch a ferileufe and im-
fertinante Adion. I could not but obey my Superiour, ycat of my leif had I
written for that Love I bear you, but the rather (though Ibaightned at this pre-
fent with time) becaufe Father Tarfins in Truth is indifpofed upon Phifike late-
lie taken, and therefore not able, (as was his Defire) to write himicif He wrote
unto you lately by Mafter Dodtor Bijhop, and another 8 Daies before that, of
neither of which he hath heatherto had any Anfweare, as neither have I my felf had
of my lafl to you, though fomewhat flnce. Wherefore to come to the Purpofe,
and omitting all Ceremonies of excufe, which between fuch old Acquaintance is
needles, mync oppinion is good Mafter Cecill, (neither will you I trufl con-
temne myne oppinion, becaufe it is grounded in the Defire of your good as al-
waies myne affedtion hath ben) that in no cafe you would begin, much leffe per-
fourm fiich an odionfe Enterprife. For although it may be as a Man, Father
Criton may committ fome Errour, in matters efpecially of Negociation, wheria
the wifefl: Men Hipp ; yeat is he generallie holden of all Men I know, for a ver-
tuofe and a religiouie Man, as hath his Perfeverance of thele many Yeares in the
Societie now made proofe more then fufficient. For thus much I can alTure you,
and I thinke you have feen the Pradiize, that if there could be prooved againft
him any fcandaloule Matter, the Societie ere this had vomited him out, as it hath
many others for lefs then Scandell ; the Stomach of our Companie being too de-
licate to digefl: any groffer Crimes or offences, efpeciallie fuch as deferve the Stamp-
ing. Now on the other Side, in my conceite it ftandeth not with your woonted
Circumlpedtion and Wildom (againft one, Avhofe innocencie like Water in a
burning Fire doth extinguifli all unjuft Calumniation,) to put your felf in fuch
open Defiance, becaufe it cannot but redound to your owne dilcreadite, accord*
ing to that Proverb, which fometimes you had oft in your Mouth H' kolk^
/Sj^A)?, &c. But put the Cafe (which for myne owne Part I thinke will never be
beleeved) that Father Criton had committed in Civil Affairs fome importante and
notorioufe Errour ; yet is there no other means to corredt him, or chaftife him,
but hj piblike Infamy? And is there none other Belman to make his Crye, but

* The Reader will I hope pardon me for inferring this Letter, tho' it does not immediately relate to
this Negotiation. I am at a Lofs to gusfs how it came into the Knglijh AmbalTadors Hands, unlefs it was
communicated by Dr. Cecil himfelf, the more eiTecaually to forward his Defign of making his Peace with
the Englifj Court. We find by the Letter immediatly preceding this, that he had publilhed a Treatife
which he delivered to Sir He>7ry Nevill, and was by him tranftiiitted to the Secretary. What it was in par-
ticular, I muft acknowledge my felf ignorant of, but 'tis highly probable it was wrote in anfwer to this
Father Criton from the Secretary's Remark on yt, viz. Tor the Book which you have [ent me, &c. 1 won- Vid. hb Lei-
der upon what Audacity he thinketh to come over, for zvriting a Pamphlet againft another ai himfelf. Now as tertoSirWtn.
to Father Criton, (or rather Creichton) the beft Account I can give of him, is from a Pamphlet publiflied by Nevill, S'li
Authority of the King of Sco/Zdw^i about the Year 1593. (Entituled, A Difcoverie of the unnatural and O£lober i^g^^
traiterous Confpiracye o/Scotifh Papifts againft God, his Chrirch, their native Countrey, &C. ."fe; down as it
was cenfejfed and fuhfcribed by Maifter George Ker, yet remaining in Prifon, and David Grahame of Ytn-
trit juftly executed for his Treafon, &c.) By which it appears, that he was imploycdin Spaine, and that the P^S^ !• i

King (oi Spaine) had opened unto him, that he had bene deceaved by Engliftimen, and would from thenceforth
embrace the Advice and Way which the faid Mafter Wtlliam (Creichton) would fliew him, both for invading
of England, and for Alteration of Religion within this Realm, &c. I will not trouble the Reader with a far-
ther Account of this Treatife, (in which there are Copies of feveral Letters direded to Creichton, and o-
thers from the Earls of Huntlie, Angus, Errol, &c. to the King of Spaine and Duke of Parma,) but I
cannot omit obfetving, that the very firft Letter in this Coltedion, is from F. Cecill himfelf, (who was Pig^ 0= '.

then in Scotland) by which 'tis evident, he had had fome Difference with the Party, and was endeavour-
ing to reconcile himfelf to them again.

Ff mj

1 1 o ^ir H E N RY Neville Book II.

:/fy. i5'99. i«y old Fremd JoJm Cecllll And fliall this be the firll Frui6ts of your Witt (to
^^""V^"^^ ipeak without Flattery) of fo great Expedation ? And mufl your Fame be firfl
blafted wirh religious Men's Infamie ? Cannot your Name appeare in print but
with the Difgrace of a Carholike Pried ? And that One that hath fufFered Bandes
for the Faith Catholike? Heu ^tanta de fpe decidt I Of you I would rather
have exped:ed fome Booke againfte Calvine and Luther^ againft Reynolds or JVhi-
taker-, then againft a poor Jefuite : Or if you would needs Ihowe your Tallent,
or exercife your Style rather in politique Matters, are there not Ibme of your
owne Name whom you might with more Commendation impugne? Wants there
ill England, Top lyes Tyravnts, and Termagaunts-, againft whom you may wry te
whole Thilippicks, and fill all Printer's Shops with Invedives ? I pray God our
old Acquaintance in Oxford do not take occafion to ufe fome other fuch Provcib
againft you as in fuch a Cale may be faid, Egreglam njero laudem, &c. Vide that
Majier TDodior Cecill, that Catholike Prieft, that Seminary Prieft, that jolly
SchoUar, that famoufe travailler, that notable Witte, whom many Men hoped to
be another Blackwell, a fecond Saunders, Sec. languiflieth about private and pol-
litique Quarrells, and can fynde no better Butt to flioote all his Arrowes againft^
but a poore old Jefuite, which neither for his Age is able, nor for his Modeftie
will, nor for his Profeflion can ever have leave to make Anfweare. Ipfi fibi ca-
vit non loco, fetj? ^ locus jam juvat,J fed quod Julms eji boji'e. This I ipake
not in myne owne, but (as you fee) in others Name, to whofe Knowledge this
thinge muft come, and particularlie thofe that have knowen you of fo great Ex-
pedarion in Oxford. And truelie, I my felfe cannot but blefle our Trhiitie Col-
lege Men in this Behalfe, who though they never printed Bookes, yeat with their
Bloud in godlie Silence have ftamped the Catholike Truthe, to the Benefite of
Thoufands of Soules, in the Hearts of all that ever heard of them. Neither can
I but blufli, (for old Friendlhip) to think that your firft Antagonift fliall be one^
whom I muft ftill hould as a Brother ; and it will be no fmall Grief unto me^
that I cannot be able to defende our Societie, but with difclaiming your Acquain-
tance ; allbeit to Men that have any infight in thefe Affaires, it will feem but an
artificial! Thruft with a poyfoned Rapier againfte the Company ofjefus, through
the Sides of poor Father Criton; and there are fo many Circumftances which
lead unto this Conjedlure, that it will be harde for you to diftinguiih, or com be-
tweene this Barke and his Tree. Now how fweet a Savour it hath that you ihouM
enter into this Ranke, I remitt me to your own Difcretion; wher I omit to con-
fider the Perill that you put your felf in to have your Name and Adrions exa-
ra^ined, and run your Reputation upon the Pykes : And having by luche a fo-
ber Retirement as you have of late made now with ftich Credit, to put the fame
(being as you know but yet tender,) upon the Anville againe; I leave all thefe
and other like to your prudent difcufling. I only at this prefent Requeft, that
at the leaft, upon my loving Advice, you will fulpend this Deliberation, till you
heare fome one more Reply from me and Father Tarfons upon your Anfwear.
And forafmuch as it is reported, that * Mafter Bruce a Scottijhe Gentleman
hath the fame DefTeignmenr, you would take occafion to deall with him in the
• fame Matter, and to put fome of theafe, or other belter and more pregnaunt
Reafons in Confideration allfo with him, to th' end he thinke at leaft tenn Times
(as the Saying is) of the Matter, before he put this Tentation in Execution ;
the more, becaufe I underftande the Societie hath well delerved of him, and is
particularly affeded towards his good Partes and ingenioufe Qualities ; and Fa-
ther Tarfons principally, whom he knowes to have alwaies faithfiillie favoured
and affifted^himin his Trobbles. That allbeit he might have peradventurey^
Caufe to offer this Difgrace to Father Criton , yeat for the common Societies
fakes, that he would fufpend his Difpleafure from ufing fuch a iliarpe Remedye,
as dothe fo diredlie prejudice the whole Bodye, and that amongft Heretiques,
and now in Fraunce, in time when eaven the weakeft may infult upon us ; for

* See Sir Benr-^ NeviU's Letter to the Secretary, fa^e loi.

neither

BookIL Negotiation in France. m

•'tb

neither doth any Stonnccvcr dure, and if the Suii-niinc rctourne, I cannot fee An. 1599.
how luch an open A6lion can ever be fincerehc forgotten. And thus in haft, with
my hartic Commendations to your good Prayers I end.

From Rome this 4''' of Tours as you know the fame ever.

J-^/^. 1599. WILLIAM WARDEFORTE-

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honor abk. Tar is, ^4* SeJ^t. 1599. O- S.

'TT'^'Onching that Part of your Honor's Letter which concerneth my Allowance
JL for Iiitelligences, I mofl humbly thanke your Honor for the Of/cr of your
Favour therein towards me. I will prcfTe nothing, but what may ftand with her
Majeftie's liking and your Honor's; yet I could alleage great Reafon, why ney-
ther Sir Ed"jL'ard Stafford., nor any of thofc that went before him ever fmce the
Queen's Raigne, had more neede of Allowance in this kynd then I. For al-
thoughe thole Tymes were more dangerous, and fuller of pradice, yet the ^leeu
had then an ajfured Tarty within this Realme., whom it imported for their own
Prefcrvation to be vigilant over all things that palTed here, and to communicate their
Intelligence to her Majeftie upon whom their Safety depended ; fo as her Mini-
fters needed not take any great Care, or be at any great Charge for the Matter,
for it was brought home to them; but now that Syde hath no more need of her
Majeflie, they are fo far from offering any Intelligence, that they fliune all Com-
munication with her Majeflies Miniilers, and are afraid of nothing more, then
that yt iliould be thought they have any Correlpondence with her. Befydes Sir,
I do not iucceede an Ambaflador who hath lettled any means of Intelligence here;
but a Gentlemaui who having no Allowance for yt, was forced to iupply that;
Want by the Acquayntance and Confidence he had gotten in his long Aboade
here, whiche he could not transferre to another. At leafl: if thefe Realbns will
pot fervC) to equall my Occafions to Sir Edward Stafford -sxidi thofe that went
before him, yet lurely there can be no difference alleadged between thefe tymes,
and thofe wherein Sir jlnthony Alildmay ikrwedi or if any, the Difadvantage muft
be confeffed to be in thefe ; for then the King was not eftablijhed as he is now^
hit had continuall need of her Majejiie, and was therefore enforced to ufe a
more refpeBive and real proceeding towards her, then Jhe JhaU fynd hereafter.
Therefore I would be g'ad as my Burden and Charge is equall, {o to be made
equall likewife in the Allowance ; leafl the Diminution thereof beginning in me,
be made a note of evill Service, and fo remayne a continuall Taxe upon me
hereafter. But as in taking upon me this imployment I dieefly relyed upon
your Honor's Commaundment and Comfort, and put my Credit, Eftate, and
Fortune into your Hands, fo I do referr my lelf to be dilpofed of both in this,
and any thinge elfe that may concern me, by your Honor's Diredrion ; and do
therefore humbly pray, that if you think that Allowance of 400/. a Yeere too
muche, which was made to Sir Anthony Mildmay, yt would pleafe you to fet
down h\ certaintie what you think good, that knowing yt, I may not pfTend ia
exceeding yt. '

Touching the reviving or continuance of the Treaty of Bloys, I am of Opini-
on, yt will not now fuffice that the Kinge fignify by his Letter or AmbafTador
that he is willing to obferve yt, but yt muft be newly fworn on bothe Sydes as &
-new Treaty, for the former is abfolutely determined, for want of that Significati-
on on the King's part within the Teare after his Tredecejfors Deathe. I believe
the King will urge to have the Staple at ^lilleheif, which he hath newly fortify-
ed and called Henrienburgh, and hath a great Defyre to do yt good ; but our
Merchaunts have no liking to remove from Roiieni and think yt would much
hinder their Commodity.

I fent

11^ Sir Henry Neville Book II.

j^n. 1S99- I fent your Honor a Note of the Greevanceis and Impofitio'ns raifed upon our
Commodities fmce if 71, which is wholly contrarie to the Treaty e. Her Ma-
jeflie on the other Syde as I am informed hath rayfed little or nothing, and the
greateft Matter they can complayne of will be fbme few Licences^ which I fup-
pofe her Majeftie Will make no great Difficultie to revoke, rather then that they
iliould hinder fo great a Benefit to her Subjeds. And fo hoping to receave An-
fwere of my Letter touching the xoooo Crowns, and the Party I have flayed to
be imployed into S^aine-, within the tyme limitted. I humbly take my leave, ^c.

Totir Honor's^ 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, t$'^oi September, i5'99,

I Cannot deny but at your laft Difpatch by Mr. Eeale, you had great Realbn
to be fenfible of my Silence in diverfe Things, when neither the Packetc
which Mujfy left on the Way, nor the Letters by Simons and Teter Browjie
were arriyved ; but y t will appeare to you before this come, that diverle Things
are miftaken there. But now to anfwer fome of the Points of your late Wry tings;
fyrft for w%o^ Charles Taget, I fee ^2100. the ^een is not mynded to pardon
him and reftore him, upon any luch Merit as the giveing Intelligences, which
may be true and may be falle. For vve do know, that he is out with the
y. mwagmha Jejiufs FaBion, not out of Love to a 101 the Englijhe, but out
of other private Ends, which do devjde moji of thefe Fugitives only in this
Proportion, to emulate and fupplant each other, but ever to Convehire in ter-
tium ; fo as I fhould make you falfify your Word to fay that the Queene mean-
eth to promife Pardoii to him or reflore him upon any liiche Proportion, untill
ihe may fee that he will effe6t fome matter of Weight, worthy the remiffion of
his vile Trealbns. To the effedring whereof yf he Ihall make overture, let yt
be entertained with Formallitie. Againe, yfyt prove effedluall, as y t appeareth,
he ftiall fynd recompenfe, by fome Rewards that fliall proportion his Meryt; yf
thele Services multiply, then will yt be time to propound for his Reititution, and
then may the Queen more honorably aflent; but hitherto, liich is her Majefties
diffidence, and of fo petty Confequence or Truth are his Offers, as they do ve-
ty ill fort with his great Demands. Between thefe Lines yf you walke with
him, ^100. the ^een will allow yt, and fb yf you make fome ufe of him he
ihall have fome Crowns, yf he do nothing he loofeth nothing; and yf this prove
to any good SuccefTe, then her Majefties Favour may follow Merytt, and not
Proteftations.

* For the Reports of d. 100 the T>uke of Bouillon, you ihall know that /ifo
the King of Scotland profejfeth fill Amity hitherward in Jhew , thoughe I
thinke his Mynd is troubled, fbecaufe ^.100 the Queene hath had underfand-
ing, that x. mrkz. Imtgp Aiihfield had offered Troje5is to compafs Friends after
God Jhould call a. 100 the ^ueen (whom God blefs.) All which Things, though
they were treafonable in anEngliJhe Subjed: to offer, and in him only Matter
ofVnkindnefi to hearken to, yet doth his fynding Fault with Aijhfield'^ being
convayed away, and his fending to a. 100 the ^ieene to expoftulate yt with her,
and his dejyre to have the ^eene to punijh z. ghkpxercchbpourw Lord
Willougbie'j AEiion and Mr. y. pfe wa Bowes, fftr C holler in the ^leene, and
make her give hard Anfwer s to his Ambaffadors ; but to any other open Br cache,
or any Trofeffion ofyt, there is no manner of i)eclaration ; and for Conjirma-

* See Sir Henry Nevill's Letter to the Secretary, 6th se^temler, pag, roi-
t See the Secretary's Letter 14th July, page -ji,

tion

Book 11. Negotiatio?! in France. 113

tion ofyt, even no-x he feuds to the ^leene for bis GratuUy, -xhkb is m A^ Jln ifgg
ofHofiillity. ' ^^^'

Thjrdly Sir, where you wiHi you might be the Inftrucmcnt of plcafing Mat-
ter as well as Tower, and that you note that / 15-8 the French Ambaff'ador had
the Queens Letter deHvercd to iiim: Vou may pieafc to underftand that he hath
here very frequent AccefTc, is at hand with the Q;icene, and iu this tyme of the
Spanijh bruited Invafion, had dayly Ibme Matter or other from the Maritime
Governours to advcrtiic her; and did deUvere indcede a mofl honorable Letter
to the §lnecn ivith his ovjn Hands, and defyred Anf were to yr, which could not
be denyed him. And yet, that you might know ail Particulars, I fent you the
Copy of yt at the Inflant; fo as you both have found, and every Day iliall fyndc,
that there ihall be no negle(5l ufed towards you in that kynd. And this I muft
iay, hovvfocver yt is handled, that he will fend more Letters and with more
fpeed for 40/. then you and I can for a 100/, fuch are the Diligence of the
Frenchc, and the Lazinefs of ours.

For the Matter of the q. kgtudi Preift Z.ntbte Benet, I did immedixitely
upon your Writing hether of that Poynt fend to/ 15-8 the French Ambaffador,.
that on what things foever he would have him examined he fliould be, and fo
Hiall he, yf you will procure any Matter to be fent over to charge him: Bnt I
believe G\r.i. Monjienr Villeroy loves a q. kgtudi 'Preijl too zitII, to have him
touched. I did alio let the/ijS the French Ambajfador know that you had
written to me of the fame.

For the Poynt whereof you fpeake of one that will be imployed into Spaine,
this Sir do I lay, thatjy. bcmwahviia Trieftes arecomonly flmple in Judgment
of warlike Preparations ; yf he be Englijh he will certainly never do good, yf
he be Frcnche, I had need well in{lru6t him, and fet things into a Method before
he goes, to make him know, what is fit for him to enquire of and to advertife ;
and I would gladly fee how he can beftow himfelf Thefe things cannot poflibly
pafs by Letters, and therefore yf you will fend him over hither privately, he
fliall be inflruded by me and dilpatched fpeedily, and for his 400 Crowns year-
1}^, yt fliall be anlwered him, but not before-hand more then an Impreft, and the
reft continued as he continueth good Service.

Lajily Sir, the two great Toynts behind, are the Matters of the Money j and
the renewing of the Treaty. For the fyrft, yf yt be no greater a Loffe that
we are to receave by yt then that which you Ipeake of, we can be content to dif-
pence with it. And for the Treaty, true yt is, that yt hangeth very loofe : But
one thing here troubles us. That the ^eene hath raifed many Impofitions and
Cuftomes of late Years, and fome upon the Frenches Yf flie Ihall defire Abate-
ment for her Subjecfbs, the King will do the like for his. Hereby are ^leftions ]
made by the ^ueene's Financiers, whether this be good for the Trince, though '
it be for the Subjedi: For my owne part I hold thefe two Bodies relative in all
Qirciimfiances. But very fhortly this will be reconciled, and therefore by the
next you fliall receave further DirecSlion. Thus being glad to hear of my Ladies
fafe Delivery, I committ you to God.

From the Court Tour very loving and ajfured Friend and Kinfrttan,

znNonfuche, RO. CECYLL.

Monfiettr Villeroy to Sir Henry Neville.

Monfieur, ^'"' d' Od:obfe 15-99. S. N.

J E Roy faira Re/ponce a la Lettre de la Royne que vous m'avez envoy e'e, la-

^ quelle nous envoy erons a Monfieur de Botfijfe, pour luy prefenter. Sa Ma^

jejie luy donnera charge atiffi de parler a la Royne du fa/i6i depere Benoiit Capu-

chin, fur roffre que vous avez fii^i d fa Majefle de le faire Interroger fur les

G g pratiques

If 4- Sir He a RY Nevillj Book II.

^n. \s<^^. ■pratiques de /(^Demonique^f- Paris; dont faditeMajefievoiis pr'ie cepejtdant de
temercter la. dite 'Dame Royne. II ne me refte done que pour voiis dire que fi
vous flaife ven'ir a Moret fa Majefte voits donnera apres Audience qitant it
vous plaira. Je me recommande tres ajfeEfueufement a vofire bonne Grace, ^
prieTiieu-, &c.

Vofire tres afledtionee Amy,

DE NEUFVILLE.

S'tr Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris 26* Sept. 15-99. O- S.

IReceaved your Honor's Letter with her Majcftie's to this King inclofed up-
on Monday at Noone being the 24* of this Moneth, having the Morning be-
fore written by Mtijfy unto you; and becaufe I undcrflood that the King was at
Malles Herbes, and was therefore uncertaine of my Audience-, I fent away my
Secretary prelently with the Letter to Monfieur de Villeroy to Fountainebkati
as your Honor commaunded me. I receaved his Anfwere this Afternoone, which
I fend herewith, which confirmed what I have heretofore written, that where he
may ufe Monfieur de Boijijfe, he will impart nothing to me. Your Honor I hope
will ufe the like meafure, or elfe my Difadvantage will be great.

Your Honor ihall likewife receave herewith, a Copy of a Letter from the
fyrfl Trejident of Aix to the Kynge, touching the Trife of an Englijh Ship
made by thofe of Marfeilles, about which her Majeftie wrote unto him. Yt
feems they mean to infill upon two Poynts, the one, the Town was not then in
the King's Obedience, and confequently difcharged of all things done then, by
the King's Pardon granted upon their comming in. The other, that the 'Trife
made by her Majeftie's Ship of theirs which went to Newhaven was not lawfiiil,
becaufe there was at that tyme free Trade between the Englijh and the Mar-
feillians.

For the former, yt is a Poynt by all meanes to be infilled upon, for otherwile
we Ihall continually be choaked with that Anfwere, and Hiall be without Remedy in
mofl of the Complaints which I have feen, the Wrongs being cheefely don by
them who ^i&^iz at that tyme of the League ; whom althoughe the King might
pardon for Of?ences don againft him, yet he could not pardon thofe that were
committed againfl his Allies; or yfhe will, hemuil of his own make good the
Dommages. Therefore I befeech your Honor to be well advifed of this Poynt,
and to infill upon it, and rather then fail, to make flay of Execution of Judgment
given upon their Complaynts in England, till you fee how we fliall be dealt with
here ; otherwife I forefee playnly that we Hiall be at an after deal.

For the fecond Poynt, I have already anfwered yt, and told them, that the
Queen's Ship did not make that Prife as upon the King's Enemies or Rebells,
but as upon his Subjects that difobeyed his Trofilamation, by trafficking with
Leaguers, and confequently incurred the Penalty of Confifcation, which thereby
he inflidled upon them; and that yt concerned the Kingin Honor, to jujiify that
which was don in his Service and by his Commaundment . Your Honor will I
hope deal roundly with the Frenche Ambajfador upon thefe Poynts, and dired:
me how I fhall further proceed, bothe about this and the reft of the Matters
which I have begon to negotiate here, namely about the Demand of Money for
the next Yeare. I willed my Secretary to know of Monfieur de Villeroy what
he underftood more of the Retorne of the Spanijh Fleet into Ferroll, and yt
feemeth by his Speeche to him, that his Advertifement came but from Monfieur
de Sourdiac ; but to me, I aflure your Honor, he laid he had receaved y t out of
Spaine. He faith now, he hard they were difperfed by Tempeft, but nothing
of their Returne thither, I know not what his Meaning is by tnefc forgerfuliner-

fes ■

Book II. Negotiatio?i i?i Trance. jt^

fes or rarhcr Conrradidions, ha I hope your Honor is too ivell advert ifid, to An. 1599,
Itiild upon tbofe that Jhall come from hence for S\):m\{\\ matters.

The Cardinal Joyeufe is cxpcdtcd this Night at Foiititainblean, where his \xnh-
ings are already prepared. The Tropofition prefented to the Tope by Monfieur
dc Sillery, for the Separation fur the King from his * Jfyfe., as I undcrltand,
was corimiirred to Coiifidcration in- full Conjijlory to eight Cardinals., \ w^h^xiz-
oi Bellarminc was one, and xhc Archbijhop oi Florence, htc Lcgat here ano-
ther; He, for his Experience in thelc Parts, the other, for his Sufficiency in
Learning. Yt icems they feek to have this Marriage pronounced ejje millnvt.
For a jimple Divorce f-juhich the Church <?/Rome doth peremptorily defend to
be a thoro non a vinculo ) lijill not give place to a fecond Marriage. \ The
G^ieen hath been often follicited to acknowledge, that the Marriacrc was enforced
by Feare and never confummated between them, to which fhe protejieth never
to condefcend; {o that yt is hkely many more Difficulties vt'iJl arife in this matter
then yet are thought of, or can be determined in lb ffiort a tyme as the Kina at
fyrft did exped;.

I lend your Honor a Letter from Mr. Locke which I rcceaved this Mornihg.
d 100 The Duke de Bouillon hath been hitherto ■sx. Fount ainb lean, but this Day
returned to this Town as I hear. I will Ipeake with him about Luffe whom
your Honor recommended unto me. And fb craving Pardon for my Shortnels
at this tyme, by reafon of fome domellicall Misfortune in the LofTe of my Son
lately born, I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honors, See.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Srr Henry Neville to Mr. S'ecretar^j Cecyll.

Right Honorable., Tar is 5-*0^. i5'99. O. S.

I Wrote unto you by Simons, and fent you the Anfwere I receaved from Mon-
fieur de Villeroy to her Majeftie's Letter, and likewife to the Offer I made to
have Bennet the Capuchin examined, t underftand fmce by ^.100 the Duke de
Bouillon, that the *^ Irijhmen were fet at Liberty before that Letter came ; and
for the Examination of Bennet, he told me, the King would gladly it were
done, but would not be feen inyt. I anfwered, yf I might have Inftrud:ions de-
lyvered me whereupon to examine him, yt lliould be done without the Know-
ledge of the King's dealing in yt; he promifed to fiirniffi me with them, but hath
not yet don y t. Totir Honor may fee how fear full the King is to dijpleafe them
of the Churche.

Sence Mr. Honniman's Departure, I receaved Advertifement from him, that by
his means the Governor oi'Diepe had imprifoned at Treport a Frenche Captaine,
who had ferved fome time in a Ship of IJunkirkCi and therein don many Spoyls
to our Nation ; but he wrote me neyther the Name of the Man or the Ship,
which was an ErroUr in him. Notwithflanding, upon that Ground I had I dealt
with the Counfail, and have obtained Letters to the Governor to proceed to in-
form againft him, and yf he be found guilty, to do Juftice upon him. I was
the more earnefl to profecute this Matter, becaufe I am informed 'tis an ordinary

* Margaret de Valo'ts, Daughter of Henry II.

t Lettrei d'OJfat, Vol.^. pa^.^iji, 472, 473. but I don't find Cardinal Eellarmhje's Name in that Lift.

i Cardinal d'Ofat in a Letter to Monfieur Villeroy of the 18th of ^tme 1599 tells him, it faudrcit Vol 3. p. 444;

bien rehaufj'er la force e/ I'l crainte faite a la Reine portr faire epoufer le Roy, d' autre fapn qu'on ne I' a jufqucs

ici articulee. And in another Letter of the i.\^^ of July, after he had told him he had drawn up a Memo- Vol. 3. p. 454,

rial to prefent to the Pope, he adds, En tout evenement, j'ai articule la force er la Crainte en la fa^on

qu'il lefaloic .- car autrement elle tie ferroit fttffifante, c?" memetKent, ft ledit Expedient (which 1 take to be the Memoires,
Letter De Sully tells us the Queen wrote to the Pope) nous defalloit. Auqnel cafe il faudroit bien que Votts Vol.i. c. 91.'
vous difpofajfiez. par dela de prouver ladite Force c Crainte touie telle cine je I'ai couchee.
\ See Sir Henry NevUl'i Letter, pa^.S':,.

matter

11^ &*r Henry Nevillj" Book IL

An. IS99- i^wtter for Frenchmen to fcrve in Ships of 'Dunkerke, and fometimes to take up-
on them the Name oilDtmkerkers when they be none, thereby to have the freer
Scope againft us ; fo that we are dayly fpoyled by bothe, not only to the lofs
of her Majeftie's Subjecfls, efpecially the G9^y?-;«f?i^, but to her great 'Dijhonour,
who was wont to be Mijirejs of the Seas, and is now affronted by every baj'e
Fijher Town. I do labour therefore to have fome exemplary JnJIice don upon
this Man, as well to bridle others who will take that Courfe hereafter, as to re-
call thole that are allready in yt; and for that purpofe I have intreated aMarchant
at Roiien to go to T)iepe to follicit the Caufe, and to produce what Informations
he can againft him. And yf he cannot be fufficiently furnillied here, I have
willed him to make bold to fignifye ib much unto your Honor, and to pray that
either from Mr. Honniman, or by fome other means from the Coaft, he may be
furnilhed with matter againft him. I have alfo willed him to deal with theGo-
vernour for the Apprehenfion of fome others, of whom I have like Informa-
tion ; and I beieech your Honor to deal earnefily with the Arabaflador there, that
there may be {oxxit pub lick Troclamation made for the recalling of all fuch as lerve
in the Galleys or Shipps of the Enemies, upon paine of Confifcation ; for by
Frenchemen comes a great part of our Mifchief dayly, who pals under the Name
of 'Dnnkerkers. I mean to deal to the fame Effedt with the Counfail here, and
the more reafon we have to infift hereupon, becaufe as I learn by one which is
familiar with the Spanijh AmbalTador here, that Spinola hath undertaken, by
Promife to the King of Spayne, to build tenGallies more thisWynrer in x\\tLow
Countries, which no doubte he hopes to furnifli (cheefly at leaft) with 'Pilots
om of France; in the mean time he is Captaine of thefe fix, and hath Allowance
for Payment of looo Men. d. loo The Duke de Bouillon hath undertaken the
commending of Mr. Z/^^ to Monfieur de Grammont in as ample manner as I de-
fyred. The Cardinal Joyeufe having been a Week with the King at Fountain-
bleau, goeth Jhortly to the ^leen, and with him the Biiliop of Aries come late-
ly from Rome. The Cardinal comes with very large CommiJJion in that Caitfe,
andyt is thought yt will Jliortly be determined; for which purpofe the ^een
IDowager at the King's Intreaty goeth likewife to the ^een, to difpofe her to
Conformitie in fuch things as are reqnyred of her; f wfjereunto fear ofworfe
( which Jhe begins to apprehend, will in the end perfwade her.

\ The King hath now at length wonne the Fort at Malles-herbes which he
hath fo long laid Siege to; the Conditions are looooo Crowns in ready Money,
and zn yearly 'Fenjion: The next Newes we fliall hear I think will be, thaty??^
is made Countefs ofyioxtt, and her Father Marjhall of France, by the Refigna-
tion of the old Marfliall de Rhetz. What Alteration this may breed in the King's
Marriage is very dowbtfnll ; for my part, yf the Divorce were once throughly
dilpatched, and foe with Child, I think verily he would marry her. In the mean
tyme I aflure my felf he will make no hafte to any other, though that Marriadge
of Florence be ftill in fpeeche to content the World, and to draw on x!^t'Divorce
the more eafily.

The Reftitution of the Jefuits goeth on with full Sails in the Jurifdidion of all
the Parlements but Paris, where yt is thought the King being turned, will
likewife turn thofe Meffieurs too in the end. The Reafons that have wrought
this Alteration in the King are partly thefe ; A need he hath now of the Tope,
who labours y t very hotly ; but cheefly as I conceave, the Dryft and Scope of
his principall Counfaillors whereof I wrote in my Letter by Mtify, and of which
I think we iliall fee more EfFeds dayly. The Tope to effedl his Purpofe herein

*SeeherLett. — -^^ — = ■

to M.de Sully | The French Hiftorians labour to give another Turn to this Affair, and tells us, the only Reafon why
in his Me- the Siueen oppofed the Dhorce was, * becauTe of the King's Defign to marry the Dutchefs of Beaufort,
moires, c. 91. (which he undoubtedly did.) But that after her De?th (lie was more complying; and in order to effeft
Jbia. c. pr. it, — — Elle efcrit (fays de Sully) de fa propremain an Pape en tel; termes C7 [itbftanoe qnil avoit efle ju^c ns-
i^^Sfaire. But, (howfoever this Fad: was) certain it is no Ufe has been made of it at Rome; on the contra-

Vul. 3. p 467, ry, d'Oj[at tells Monfieur deVithroy, nous a-uons oie I' Article, qui comernoit I'Expedient, cr-c,

X If the Reader be defuous to divert himfelf with the Particulars of this Affair, he may pleafe to con-
fult de Sully' i Memoires, Vol i. c. gz.

the

Book II. Negothition in France. 117

the better, hath airurcd the King, that he will fo bridle them with Orders and yf;/.
Ecclefiaflicall Cenliires, as he ihall not need to dowbt tiicy \\ill exceed the Bounds
of their Calling, or intermeddle with Matters of State. They do here likewilc
Ipeakc of a Rcftiaynt to be joyned to their Rc-admi(Tion, that they fhall nor be
capable to rcccavc any Guift or Legacy above a fmall V'alew. One great Diffi-
cultie aryfeth, how they ihall be rcltored to their Colleges, Lands and Goods,
which in divers Places have been confilcated and Ibid to the King's Uje. Thcrd
arc two in this Town (as I wrote lately) wryting bitterly againfl: them. This
Day 'Pafquler was with me again, to requcft ibrae Inftrudtions of their Proceed-
ings againfl her Majeftic's Pcrlon and her Ellate, and particularly of their late
Dealing in Spayne * with Squyrc for the poyfoning of her. Yf yt pleafe your
Honor to afford me an Ablhrad: of their bad Pradices, fct down by iome of her
Majeflics learned Councill, I think yt might be to good purpofe.

The Eflate of the King's Finances for the next Yeare is not finiOied, there-
fore I cannot yet advertile what her Majeftie Ihall look for from them; but I
Ibllicite them as much as with any good Manners I may, to have a due Regard
of her.

d.\oo The 'Duke oi Bouillon told me, that yf the Span'tjh Invafion had
proceeded, the King was relolved to fet all other Refpeils alyde, and to have
furniflied her with a good round Sum.e, which indeed I urged much at that In-
llant, inftead of his other Succours offered. But of this your Honor may believe
as much or as little as you will, and thefe Words now coft them nothing. All
my Care is that her Majeftie may receave fome good Sati^fadion the next Yeare,
and in fom realc^nable tyme, to make ufe of before Sumer be too far fpent for her
Wars m Ireland-, althoughe thefe Men here will needs perfwade me, that Thing?
grow near a Pacification there, and thut'Tyronne offers to come in. They alfo
tell me, that her Majeftie and the Archduke intend to fend both fhortly to the
King to defyre a convenient Place in his Kingdom to meet and treat of Peace in :
But I deny all that I hear not from your Honor.

The matter of the Marquifat depends as y t did, but the King jheweth him-
felf unwilling to put yt into the 'Tope's Hands. The Duke of Savoy offered
him in Exchange Brejfe and Savoy^ but he will not accept yt. C^xdimA Andreas
is gon to be Governor of Milan, and hath therein left many deceaved, who
thovight rather he had gone into Tortugall. Of the Germaine Army we hear
nothing but Shame, for their weake and irrefolute Proceeding. They have le-
vyed the Siege they had undertaken, and have at length joyned the Reliques
which remayne with the States, having pur chafed Dljhonour with a very
great e Charge.

I have at Iengt;h receaved the looooCrownes In this Towne,^s I was enforced
through the Unreafonablenefs of the Treforler d I'Efpargne with whom I had to
deal: I exped: your Honor's Diredions to whom I fhall delyver yt. I could put
y t into the Hands of three Italians here, called Spada, Sefto-, and Ferrarlno^
after the rate I wrote of, but I dare do nothing before I hear from your Honor,
And yf you fliall dired me to deal with theie Italians, yt were good fyrft: to
know, whether Corjinl and Rlccl with whom they have Correfpondency, will
accept their Bills for fuch a Somme or nay.

The Tar lament z of Brettagne, Tolofa, and Burdeaux, Hand hitherto very
obftinately againfl the Edl£i ior the Liberty of Religion, ncyther is there hope
that hereafter they will be induced to admitt of yt. The Marqulfs of Tlfani
Governour of the younge Prince of Cond^ is lately dead, into w^hofe Charge is fub-
flituted Chevalier Ramboullet. This Week the Count de Lude is fet forward to
Bruxells, to congratulate with the Archduke and the Infanta for their lafe Ar-
rival in thofe Parts.

I underfland that the Duke of Arfcott is fent from the Archduke and Infanta
to treate with the States of a Peace, or at the leafl: t'endeavour to induce them

* Cambdsn's ElU. 6ii. Hift. o^ England, Vol%.

H h to

,l8 ^y/r Henry Neville Book IL

An. i5'99- to treat to that purpofe, whereof I reft affured your Honor hath more perfed:
Advertifement.

Out of Htmgary we hear that the Emperour and Turk do treat of a Teace.
The Cham of Tartarj is the Meane between them, who ufeth in this Negotia-
tion Taleologo. T>epities on both Parties are appoynted for the Treaty, and
Motion hath bin made, that Ads of HoftilUtie in this Interim might be lufpend-
ed. And fo for this tyme I humbly take my leave, ^c.

Tour Honor's^ &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, 8 OBober 1^99-

TH E Opportunitie of this Gentleman's Returne doth make me fend my Dif-
patche by him, in the which I will acquaint you with fuch Things as
here hath pafled. I will fyrft beginne to let you know, that the Archduke Al-
bert hath now written to the Queen in his own Name and xhthtfanta's, of Spayne.,
wherein he approveth the Overtures oi Andre a., declareth to have Commfffion
from the King of Spayne in ample Fourrae to treat with the Qiieen, either joynt-
ly or feverally from the States as ihe pleafeth ; and doth aflurc all fincere Pro-
ceeding in this matter, beyng defyrous to know in what Tyme or Place, or by
what Perfons the Negotiation fliall be handled. To this I fend you the Copy of
her Majeftie's Anfwere inclofed, which will bed fatisfie you. For any further
Dealing with the King oi France-, you lliall not need to urge yt yet.

For the Book which you have ient me, yf the Author be he that I take yt, (a
lewd Trieji, though of an honeji Name J I wonder upon what Audacity he
thinketh fit to come over hither, for wryting a Tamphlet againji another as
himfelf For the other Poynt conteyned in your Letter, if you iliall keep your
lelf within the Prefident of Sir Anthony Mildmay, I will fee Allowance made.

And now to come to the Matter oi Ireland, wherein you defyre to be inform-
ed: You ihall underftand, that fince my laft Difpatch by the Poft, (at which
tyme I fent you an Abftrad: of the Earle of Ejfex's Adion) * he is now arri-
ved himfelf and was in the Court before ever her Majefie knew yt. A mat-
ter that did difpleafe her in the Forme very much ; for not two Months before,
when the Spanif? Alarm was hot in England, her Majeftie doubting that his De-
fyre might have brought him hither, whereby that Service he had in hand might
have receaved Prejudice, and yet the Bruite have proved untrue, as after y t did ;
yt pleafed her to write unto him, abfolutely commanding him not to pre fume to
come over, (for thofe were her Words) until he had advertifed her to what
State things were reduced in the North, and thereupon to receave her War-
rant for his returne, and her IDireBion whom to leave in Charge with the
Kingdom ; being indeed relblved to have no more Jufiices, but fome Noblemen
to govern that Realme. Notwithftanding his Lordjhip, after his meeting with
Tyronne whereof I laft advertifed you, finding his Offers of Submiffton not fuch
as the ^leen was like to be induced unto by his Tetters, he refolved to come
over and acquaijit her Majeftie, not with the Goodnefs of the Offers in them-
felves, but with the Neceffity of her Affaires to which the Offers were fuit able.
This being but a fowre Relation, added to the Breach of her Commaundements,
did fo much exalperate her Mynd, as flie refolved to commaund him from her
Prefence, and to commit him to the Houfe of the Lord Keeper, where he is. A
matter which muft have an end, and will have fliortly ; though for Example fake
her Majeftie hath kept this Forme with him. For the reft which concerneth Ire-

* Cambden'% Elix.aheth, 574,

land.

Book II. Negotiation in France. i t 9

land^ I think this will he the Rcfolution taken, to take hi the Rebells upon any An. 15-90.
koHoiirahlc Condition-, thereby to breake the Band of Combination. There is al-
ready aCclTation taken, and lliall continue uiitill her Majcfliie fend her PIcafure
which of the Articles ihe allows, and which not. Now you know as much as I
of all things fit for an Advertifcuicnt : I will only add this, that iht Frenc he Jm-
bajj'ador had but ^ fowre Audience of the G^ieene-, for yt feems that the Kinq
made hajte to give 'Pajj'ports to the Iriili for 'whojn Jhe Z'jryt , for fear they
J}?onld be demanded, as they were. I will now conclude, that I do condole with
you for the Death of my little Cofcn, but I doubt not but you will bothc rejoyce,
leeing God that gave hath taken away, and To 1 commit you to God's Protedion,

From the Court Tour afured loving Kinfnan and Friend,

at Richmond. RO.CECYLL.

I cannot draw any thing from the Capuchin concerning the Tyemoniaque, be-
caufe you fend me no particular Matter wherewith to charge him, nether doth the
Frenche AmbafTador meddle in yt.

For the matter of the Alarfeillians, I will acquaint the Commiffioners that are
appointed for thofe Caufes with that which you have written, and by the next
you lliall underiland what they can lay to yt.

"^ l^^^Qnn€s Propofttionsj 1J99.

I. j ^H AT the Catholike Religion he openly preached.
^ X. That the Churches be governed by the Tope.

3. That Cathedral! Churches be reftored.

4. That IriJ}?e Pricfts Prifoners be releafed.

5. That they may pafle and repafs the Seas.

6. That no Englijhmen be Churchmen in Ireland.

7. That a Univerfitie be erected upon the Crown Lands,'

8. That the Governor be at lead an Earle, and called Viceroy.

9. That the Lord Chancellour, Trelurer, Counfail of State, Juftices of Law,
Queen's Attorney, Queen's Sergent, ^c. be Irijhmen.

10. That all principall Governors oi Ireland, as Connaught, Mtmjier, 8cc. be
Irijh Noblemen.

1 1 . That the Mailer of the Ordinance be an Irijhman, and half the Soldiars.
IX. That no Irijhman fliall loofe his Lands for the Fault of their Anceflors.

13, That no Irijhman fliall be in Ward, but that the Living, during the Mino-
rity, fliall be to the younger Brothers or Sifters.

14. That all Statutes prejudicing the Preferment oi Irijhmen \n England ox
Ireland, fliall be repealed.

15". That neither the ^z^"^® nor her Succeffors Ihall inforce Oiny Irijhman to
ferve her.

16. That Oneale, Odonnel, Tiejmond, and their Partakers, fliall have fiich
Lands as their Anceftors enjoyed xoo Yeares ago.

17. That all IriJJomen fliall freely traffick as EngliJIomen in England.

18. That all Irijhmen fliall travell freely.

19. That they may ufe all manner of Merchandifes wherefbever.
xo. That they may ufe all manner of Trades.
XI. That they may buy all manner of Ships, and fiirnilli them with Artillery,

* See Camhien'% Eliz, fag. 574,

«5/r

I20 Sir Henry NevillV Book II.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretar'y CccylL

Right Honorable, ^^zm, ii* 0^. 15-99. O. S.

IReceaved your Honor's Letters of the 15-* o^ September the 6th of October,
and the morrow after, Teter Brown arrived with your Letter of the iS^h of
September. By that which Brown brought your Honor hath imparted unto me
the Subftance of the Tarley between the Earle of Ejfex and Tyronne-> for which
I moft himibly thank you, and befeech God there may grow a good Conclufion
thereof to her Majeflie's Quiet and Contentment. That Opinion of your Ho-
nors I hold for an Oracle, that riimores non funt ponendi ante falntem, and
that tuta are to be preferred before Jpeciofa. 1 affure your Honor, that by com-
pounding thefe Matters in any fort, your Honor fliall greatly eftabHfli her Maje-
flie's Reputation in thefe Parts, where yt is holden for a Maxime, that the Ho-
nor of a Trince confifts en bien faifant fes affaires, and where the Opinion hath
been conceavcd and delivered, not without Shew of Rejoycing by fome princi-
pal! Perfons, that her Majefty would never fee an end of thofe Troubles in her
Tyme. The King himfelf, at my Audience at Orleans, uled thefe Speeches unto
me, talking of the Warre o? Ireland: The ^teen your Mijlrefs thought I dealt
too bafely in making Compofition with my Subje5fs, and buying my Teace ; we
Jh all fee whether jhall fpeed better, Jhe with her Glortoufnefs, or I with that
Jhe calls Bafenefs. The reft I certify ed at that tyme: Thys I forbore, be-
caufe I would not breed Offence. But I fee, howfoever tho' for their own Inte-
reft they would be loth Spayne Ihould prevail againft us, yet they would be con-
tented we fliould be humbled, and kept as low as might be ; as well in Envy to
our T'rofperity, as upon a IDefre that we may be enforced to ftand in more re-
fpeEiive and regardfull Terms towards them. But yf this T^acifycation fucceed,
you Ihall greatly difappoynt them, and fynde that they will treat with you with
much better Refped:; The want whereof hitherto , confidering her Majeftie's
great Merits and Quallity, I muft confels, hath moved me to fome Indignation.
I do not doubt alfo, but you iliall fynd great Advantage by yt in your Treaty
with Spayne, when they Jh all fee you treat with them up on Tie afire, and not
upon Neceffity.

Ky your other Letter of the xf* of September, I underftand her Majeftie's
Pleafure touching w. ro^ Charles Taget, which I made known unto him in fuch
fort as I was therein directed. I found the Man exceeding forrowfuU, and to be-
wayle very much the Lofs of his Hope therein, the rather for that he hath been
born in hand thefe two Yeares, (by fuch as he ufed for his means) that her Maje-
ftie was very gracioufly enclined to have taken Compaflion upon him ; but for
the matter thus he aniwered. That yf yt would have pleafed her Majeftie to
have pardoned him, and thereby given him the Right and Quallity of her Subject,
which he ftands now deprived of, as he might have juftifyed whatibever he would
have done for her Service with good Credit and Reputation, fb he would have
done yt faithfolly, and not only to have revealied whatfoever either himfelf hath
treated with others, or others with him, or whatibever he had underftood to be
treated by others againft her Majeftie; but alfo to have imployed his Credit and
Acquaintance in forreign Parts, for the Difcovery of any Practice that might be
ufed hereafter. But not ftanding in the Qiiallity of her Subjed:, nor in any Af-
furance of her Grace or Protedion, to ferve in the Qitallity of a Spye, to the
Prejudice of them from whom he was to receave Maintenance and Protedlion,
yt was a thing he eou'd-not do eyther with Credit or Safety. And prayed me to
affure my felf, that y t was not want that he eyther felt or feared, that had mo-
ved him to feck her Majeftie's Grace and Favour; but a Remorfe of Confcience,
and a Defyre to end his Dayes with that Peace and Satisfaction of Mind, that he
dyed in the Obedience of his naturall Prince, and that before his Death he had
done her fome Service. Which though he was not ib happy to attaine unto, yet

yt

Book II. Negotiation in France. i^i

yt was a great quieting to his Confcicncc that he liad loTi_^ht yr, and fayh'ng of y^,/. 15-99.
yt, thoughc he Ihoiild be inforccd to accept tlic Offers ofothcr Princes that were
made him for his Maintenance, (which nuifl needs tye him to a Duty and Ser-
vice towards them,) yet yt fliould be ever with the i'ame Mynd and Refped he
hath always born to her Majcftic ; namely, to oppolc himfelf as he hath often
done, and to hinder as much as lay in him, all violent Courlcs againfl: her Perfon
or her Eftate: And though he iliould be never io well accommodated in the Ser-
vice of any other Prince, yet whenfoever God ihall move her Majeftie to take
any Compaffion upon him, he would leave all to come to proftrate himfelf at her
Feet. I rcplyed not much unto him, becaufc I found him refoluce not to deale in
that kind I propofed, only I promiled at his Rcqucfi: to relate his Anfwere.

I have according to your Commaundment fent over the '^Party that I have
flayed to be imploycd into S^ayne. I have made him Bearer of thefe my Let-
ters, and have given him 30 Crowns for the Charge of his Journey. He doth
not require to have his Money before hand, except yt be fome reafonable Portion
to carrye him thither, and to maintaine him till a Supply come. Yt Teems he
would afllgne a good Part of yt to be receaved quarterly by his Wyfe, whom he
intends to leave at Tiiepe, unlefs your Honor think better he fliouId leave her in
England for a Pledge of his Fidelitie, which he will be contented to do yf you
pleafe. For his Abillitie to judge of warlike Preparations, although his Profef-
fion were not that way, yet his Imployment by this King flindry times, and for
that purpofe cheefly, is an Argument that there was fome fufficiencie difcerned in
him. Fie is born a Frenchman^ upon the Frontiers of Ticardy towards Artois.
I am affured by fuch as recommended him unto me, of his faithfullnefs and ho-
nefty, the reft your Honor can beft judge of.

For the 18000 Crowns, I ftay the Delivery of yt to thefe Italians till I may
hear from your Honor that Corjini and Ricci will accept their Bills ; for the
other 7.000 Crowns I will be anfwerable for them, and have already given Order
for the Payment of fo muche into the Exchequer. I befeeche your Honor to
fpeake to the Lord Trefurer that my Entertainment be not flayed hereafter as
yt hath been. By that tyme this Letter come to your Hands there will be three
Moneths owing me, whereas by the Privy Seale, I was to be allowed ever three
Months beforehand. Surely Sir yf my Entertainment be ftopped, I cannot con-
tinue here; and even this Stay of yt already hath put me much to my Shifts.

For the Money that is promiffed from hence this next Yeare, I can yet fay no-
thing: I was yefterday with Monfieur de Rhofni about yt, but he could give me
no Anfwere. I think yf yt would pleafe her Majeftie to wryte to the King of
yt, yt would work fome good EfFed:.

Out of Sfayne I underffand, that of the Fleet which went from Feroll the
I'y'^'^ oi Augiift^ confiding of Fifty three Ships, whereof Thirty were Galleons,
there returned Seven driven back by Tempeft, whereof the Admirall was one
with her Mafts broken; the reft purfued their Voyage towards the Terceras,
where they were in hope to meet the Hollander's, Fleet. The King departed
from Sarragojfa the 24*" of September Stilo novo, and was expeded at the E/^
cur'tal within ten Days after. The City of Sarragojfa., to obtayne the King's
coming thither prefented him with looooo Crowns, befydes 20000 Ducats to the
Queen for Qhopines^ and 6000 to the Marquils oi'T)enia. The King at his being
there, was contented that the Heads fet up upon the Towne-Houle in the laft
Rebellion lliould be taken downe, and the Houfes re-edifyed which were then
demoliflied. Antonio de Terez I heare is reftored to his Lands, and his Wife
and Children all at Liberty.

I have fecret Intelligence that there is fome unkindnefs growing between the
King of Spayne and the Duke of Savoy., and the 'Duke thereupon begins to make
Ibme Overtures to this King to the Prejudice of Spaine ; as I learn more of yt I
will advertife your Honor. I hear a Bruite that the Earle of Ejfex is returned,
and come already to the Court, and that there are Commijjioners arrived in Eng-
lajfd from the Low Countries.

I i Your

122 Sir Henry Neville Bookll.

jfin. 15-99. Your Honor's Nephew Mr. William Cecyll arryved here on Sonday laft, and
went away the next Day towards Lions. The King is not yet come from Or-
leans., whether he went upon Sonday laft to meet with the ^een-T)owager ; but
upon Thurfday or Fry day next he is expedted at St. Germains, and iliortly after
here in this Towne.

The Matter betweene Prince Joynville and Monfieur le Grande, hath occu-
pyed the Conjlable and Marjhalls of France a good tyme ; at length they have
fet downe an Order, that Joynville ihould fay to the other, that be is firry for
that he did., and jhould^ray him to forgive yt, which I heare Joynville refufeth,
and {Oi ^c.

Tour Honoris-, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

S'/r Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable y Taris^z^ of October 15-59, O- S.

I Wrote {o lately unto your Honor by him that I fent over to be imployed iii-
to Spaine., that I have not muche to add now ; yet the Opportunity of this
Bearer's Returne provoked me not to be altogether filent. I do fyrft therefore
acknowledge the Receyte of your Honor's Letter which he brought of the 8*
of OBober, and do mofl humbly thanck you for the Advertifcments therein con-
tained.

The Newes of the Tacif cation of Ireland (for fb yt is beleaved here) hath
bin current here a good while, but I do not thinck that the other of my Lord's
Rejlraynt is yet knowen, at leafl within thefe two Dayes I am fure yt was not.
I am very glad to perceave by your Honor's Letter, that your Refolution conti-
nueth to accept of the Rebell's Submiffion upon any tolerable Conditions ; In my
poor Opinion her Majefie will fynd infinite Advantaq^e in yt-, efipecially for
her Refutation abroad, which was mightily impeached by the Qonceyt Men had
generally receaved, of the irrecoverablenefis of that Kingdom. The Ambajfador
of Venice came purpofely to congratulate with me of yt, and faid he had dis-
patched of purpofe to Venice with the Advertifement ; where he afiured me yt
would be moft acceptable Newes, in relped: of the Danger and Confequence they
did apprehend might grow oi that Warre to her Majeftie's Eftate ; and he added
this Epiphonema (which I beleeve to be trewe) That States are governed by
Realities and not by Tundiilids, and that the ^leene did fioew trewe Judgment
and Wifdome not to formalize too muche upon the outward Appearance of Mat-
ters, but to efiablijhe her Teace by any Meanes, wherein C07tfified indeed her
trewe Honor and Trofperitie. The Confiable and the Duke of Bouillon cam
Ukewife to vifit me fmce the Arrival of this Newes, and both fpake with me to
the fame Purpofe. So that your Honor feeth what the Opinion of all Men is
here for the Toint of Honor, which being a Matter wholly confifiing in Opi-
nion, the trew Conceyte of yt is the general Conceyt; and therefore as I faid, I
am exceeding glad that her Majeftie's Refolutions tend that w^ay.

For the Matter of the Capuchin, d. 100 the 'Duke of Bouillon told me, the
Caufe why he had hitherto given me no Infl:rud:ions as he promiied me, was the
Sicknefs of the Leiutenant Criminel who had dealt in thole Examinations ; but
that now he was almoft recovered, and I fliould heare from him. I underftand
for certaine, that both Bennet and Campbell (who was taken with him) were
fent hence, and furniflied with Neceflaries by / 15-4 the Ambajfador of Scotland,
and xhzt Campbell knoweth much of his Secrets. The Caufe of their fending,
was to fiecond a TrojeB they have (which is greatly favoured and laboured by
£15-4 the Ambajfador of Scotland,) to introduce a Liberty of Religion into
Scotland; for vvhich purpofe there werg two fent thither a little before my com-,
ing hither, the one called the Laird of Tonnmgton, the other a Treifi a High-
land-

Book II. Negotiation in France. 123

laod-M in called Macroigh or fbm lliche Irljhe Name. Thcire Rctnrnc is fhortly An. is'^p.
expc6lcd, and I am promiTed to have fom L'nderflandinf^ of the SucccfTe of thcire
Imployment there. Tt is a thing fimch laboured., and greatly feared., by the
beji affe6ted to that Nation^ yt were a dangerous Trefident for theire Neigh-
bours. I bcfecchc you Sir, let me know yf Bennet confefTc ajiy thing about
Charles 'Drury.

Out of the Low-Countries I undcrfland, there are two Galhes building at Sluce
and two at 'Dunkerk ; there is an Expectation likewife of more to come out of
Spaine this next Spring. The Spanijhe Army is muche difcontented.^ and being
commaunded to mtifter rcfufed yt flatly, till they were payed their Arrerages un-
to a certainc Tyme. To the Requifition of the States of Brabant for the
'Difniijfion of the Spaniards., the Infanta hath anfwered, that Hie cannot do yt,
unlcfTe they will undertake the Burden and Charge of the Warre, for the King of
Spaine will be at no Charge any longer-, yf the Spaniards be font out of the
Country. She hath alio demaundcd of them, an increafe of their ordinary Con-
tributions, for the Maintenance of her State and Tort; pretending that by rea-
fon of the Separation of the other Trovinces., and the lofTe of that Revenue
which they yeilded, fhe fliall not be otherwife able to uphold her State., accord-
ing to her "'Dignity. Thefe be very ofpenfive Tropofltions, which together with
the Archduke's iinpleafing Carriage of himfelfe, dilconrent very many, elpecial-
ly the Nobillitie; whom fomewhat to content another way, he hath obtained
the Order Toifon d'Or for the Duke of Arfchot., the Prince of Orange., the
Marquis of Havre, Count Egmojtt, and one or two more. I underfland they
have a Deffein to build as much Shipping as they can in the River of Sluce,
wherein they intend to proceed., thoughe they lliould make Teace with us.

The Duke o1 Mercoeur is arrived at Vienna with 100 Gentlemen in his Trayne,
intending to imploy himfelfe in thofe Warres againft the Turke; where notwith-
llanding yt is beleeved that Matters are growing towards a 'Pacific at ion ^ arid
that the Deputies are already aflembled about yt.

The Generall of the Cordeliers, otherwile called Tatriarche of Conftantino-
ple arrived hereupon Friday laft, with a Secretary of the Duke of Savoy's called
Roncas, who hath bin oft imployed here. Their comming is to propound unto
the King an Exchaunge of other Seigniories for the Marquifat, or that he will
be contented to put yt in depofito in the ^Pope's Hands till yt be judged. The
Opinion is the King will agree to neither, and that he doth temporize till the
Matter of his 'Divorce be throughly difpatched, mynding afterwards to Ihew
himfelfe more warme in that of the Marquifat. The DiJcontentment of the
Duke of Savoy againft the King of Spaine, and the Overtures thereupon made
to this King, is judged to be but a cunning, and therefore embraced by this
King accordingly.

The ^tarrell betwene the Prince of Joynville and Monfleur le Grand, was
ended Yefterday, for the finifliing whereof the Confiable, the Marefchalls de
Bouillon, de Biron, and d'Ornano met at Villette, a Village within a Mile of
this Towne : And thither came from St. T)enis the Prince Joynville, accompa-
nied with the Dukes of Guife, de Maine, and de Nemours ; and Monfieur le
Grande from this Towne, accompanied with the Duke of Tremouille, the Count
de Rochepot (vt^ho goeth into Spaine,) and Monfieur de Liencourt, premier Ef-
cuyer. The Conditions were {'^xSk.figned by both Parties, and afterwards redde^
and thereupon they both embraced with Ibm Words of Complements. Notwith-
ftanding, the King is not yet appeafed for the Ajfront don to himfelfe therein,
but hath willed that the Prince de Joynville fhall abfent himfelfe out of his Pre-
fence for a tyme, and fom fay out of the Realme ; but I beleeve he will not per=
fift in that Rigor.

I wrote unto your Honor lately, that one Tafquier was writing a Book a-
gainft the Jefuites, which he intended to Print here. Since, at the Inftance of
the Nuncio yt is forbidden to be prynted here, but the Man is refolved to fet yt
notwithftanding, and hath made fom Meanes to me to know yf yt might not be

prynted

124. &r Henry Nevill'j- Book II.

y^n.iS99- pryntcd in Eriglmd, though bearing the Name of 'Doivay or fom other Place ;
^..'--V-^x^ I told hira I would anfvvere within this Moneth, by which tyme I thinck his
Booke will be ready for the Preflc ; I defy re therefore to know what I may fay
unto him.

Monfieur de Betunes is retourned out of Scotland: He geveth forth that he
came to Tarmouth, and there took Shipping ; but I am affuredly informed that
he came to London in difguifed Manner 2.^ i^ Scottijh-man^ and hath brought a
^Packet from Monfieur de BoififTe. How this proceeding agreeth with the Pro-
mile of the Ambaffador there to her Majeftie, and with Monfieur de Villeroy'^
Words to me, (whereof from Blois I advertized your Honor) I leave to your
good Confideration. Monfieur de Betunes or his Tacquet hath brought the
Nevves of my Lord of EfTex'j- reflraynt-, which hath filled this Court full of
T)ificourfe.

The "Duke of Savoy is looked for here very lliortly, he prefiumes that his
Trefience will determine aWDifi^erences betwene him and the King. The King
is now come to St. Germains. I underftand that the Mafier of Gray, when he
departed out of thisTowne, went to Brufleis, where yet he continueth, and con-
fer feth muche with Count Both well, betwene whom fas yt is fiifpe6iedj fom
fecret 'BraSiizes are intended againfi theire King. Yt is conftantly report-
ed here, (by Advice out of Italy) that there is a great Revolt againft: the Tttrke
in Natolia, and that Mehemet Bajfa is flayne, who was fent thither to rej>rejfe
the Rebellion.

There is a great Difcontentment growen in Genoa againft the King of Spaine.,
by Reafbn of the Purchafe he hath made of the Marquifat of Final., which bor-
ders neare upon them, and hath fome antient Bretenfions upon Cafiel Franco^
Valle di Bia, and fom other Places ; but chiefly they feare he fhould go about
to make another Bort in fom Place belonging thereunto, which would be the
Ruine of theire Towne. Hereupon they have fent one of the Houfe of T>oria
unto him, who being returned without any Satisfaction, they have held a pub-
lique Confkltation about theire Affaires, and have refolved to put in a Readines
xa Gallics, to be imployed as occafion ihall lerve. And fo, t3c.

Tour Honor's^ 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll lo Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, 24* of O^ober, 1599.

I Have fpoken with Corfini concerning the 18000 Crownes to be delivered
over to certaine Italians, but I fynd by him, that he will not meddle with
thofe Parties. There is one Baptifia Madelana, to whom yf you pay yt, Corfi-
ni will deliver yt heere ; for which purpofe I fend you his Letter. Concerning
the Entertainment due to you, I do thinck. yf you had fom Perfon refident to fol-
low thofe things, (which are Matters of your private Reckonings) you could
not be fo behind hand. But yf you thinck yt enough to wryte to me, and then
that no Man follow me, both my great Builhels permits yt not, neyther is y t a
thing proper to me. You muft therefore wryte to my Lord Treafurer what is
due to you, and to whom he ihall dely ver y t ; I will let him know that you muft
be payd yt, and yf he do fticke, I will tell him thofe Reafons which he will not
deny ; but to every Ojficer belont^eth a particular Addreffe ; io as althoughe I
will never be wanting in the Siibfiance, yet we do not agree in the Forme, which
is the hinderance of your Expedition. I have confidered of the great flacknefs
of our Marchants, that do not fend about their Builhes, and I have acquainted
her Majeftie with your Care, that flie may fee there is in you no Want.

Concerning

Book II. Negotiation in France. 125

Concerning the Purpofc you have to advance the King's Remboiirfeinent by An. 15-99.
your tyincly Suir, and the Morton you make that yt may from hence be (juickcn-
ed; her Majeftic will both wryrc her iclfe, and will caiife the AmbafTador here
to exprrfe, that flie expcEfcth a better reckoning then flie hath had ; in the
meanc tymc you may go on as you do. Of the Matter concerning our Treaty,
I know you are already by my lafl: fufficiently advertized, and till we hcare from
the States-, no more can be laid then I have written.

a. ixi The EarlofE^cx is yet retayned in x.ar niy chitw Lorde y. Iwbwca
Kepers z. oh aft Houfe. And the Dilpleafure of a. 100 the ^neen is the more,
bccaule yt is written from a. lox Ireland, that within three Dayes after hisy5 ab-
rupt 'Departure, b.ioi Tyrone ftreight difcovered, * that he had no Relblution
to do other then betray the Kingdom as foon as he could get advantage, towards
which he did prepare all things.

For the Man whom you have fent to me I have largely conferred with him,
but I fynd fyrft that he hathe no Spanijhe at all, neyther is he a Man fytt for the
Imployment, but I do exceedingly thanck you for your Care. And thus, 'i£c.

From the Court ac Tour, &c.

Rkhmonde. RO. CECYLL.

S'tr Henry Neville to Mr, Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, 'Paris i^^ Nov. i5'99. O. S.

SINCE my lafl Letters, I have had occafion to deale with the Chauncellor and
Monfieur de Villeroy, about the verifying of the CommiJJion for Marine
Caufes in the feveral Courts of Tarlements without which we fynd by Expe-
rience, (in a Caufe of one Alden recommended by my LordTreafurernnto me)
that the Commiffion will be to little purpofe. For the Complaynt being againfl
them of Crotoy, which is under the Juriididrion of the Parlament of Paris, the
Officers of this Court and Jurifdid:ion, refufe to obey any Warrant made by the
Commiffioners. The Chauncellor at my fyrft propofing yt to him, thought yt
very reafbnnable yt ihould be verified in all Courts, and made fhew as yf yc
lliould have bin diipatched prefenrly. Since I fynd him colder, which I conceave
to arife from others. Monfieur de Villeroy when he was fyrft moved of yt, be-
gan to except to our Juftice in England, as yf he had had fom freflie Complaynts ;
but in the end being urged upon the Poynt, he fayd he thought fyt there fliould
be two Commiflions eftabliilied, the one for the Admirality of France at Rouen,
the other for the Admirality of Guienne at Burdeaux. This for my part 1
think very unequall and inconvenient for her Majeftie and her Subjects, and fo I
have fignified, my Reafons are theafe. The Ambajfador of France aftured her
Majeftie there fiiould be but one Commiffion for thele Caufes thorough ^France,
and thereupon ihe hath eftabHllied the like for her whole Realme ; the ancient
Prefidents have ever bin fo. Yt were an excefliife trowble and charge, and ve-
ry unequall for her Majefties Subjedis to travell to Bourdeaux for Juftice, when
no Frencheman need go further then London. Yf any Difficulty or Impediment
Ihonld arife, or any Caufe of Complaynte of the Slacknes or Partiality of the
Commiffioners, her Majeftie's Ambaflador to whom yt appertaynes to procure
Juftice to be done, is fo farre oft, as yt would requyre a great lengthe of tyme to
acquaynt him and receave his Direction, as often as fliall be need ; and fo infteed
of abridging the Length of thefe Suts, and eafmg the Subjeds of England, yt
would rather lengthen them and burden them with a new Charge, of fending up
and downe to the Englijh Ambaffadours. The Counfaillors of thofe Courts of
Burdeaux and Thouloufe are very ftiffe againft thofe of the Relligion, and parti-
cularly evill affected to our Nation, and therefore little hope of good Ufage at
their Hands. For thefe Reafons I have made bold to fignifie that my Opinion is,

* See Camhden's Eliz,. P4£, 575, ,

Kk her

1 2 6 Sir H E N RY N E V 1 L L d Book 11.

Jn. IV99. her Majeflie will not like of yt. Notwithftanding this Day agayne having fent
^"^ to Monfieur ^e FiUerqy to foUicitc the Difpatche of this Matter, he aniwered,
that he could lay nothing till he knew how her Majeftie would like of that he
had propofed about the doul>k CommtJJlon. Yt was anfwered him, that he might
notwithftanding cauie this to be verified in the meane tyme in this Parlament :
And thoughe her Majeftie fhould afTent to another Commiflion for Gtiienne, yet
this Commiifion as yt is might ferve for thefe Parts, and fo we might procede to
do fomewhat. Which were very reafonable and very meet to be don, feeing her
Majeftie had a full Yeare fence eftabliihed a Commiliion on her Part, which had
travailed in thefe Caufes with good effed: and contentation of the Complainants, --
as himfelf had acknowledged unto me at the Counfail Table here. Being thus
uraed, he faid at lenoth that he would fpeake with the King's Trocureur in yt,
which was all that could be drawen from him. In the meane time the Party
that followeth the Sute lyech at Charges, and repynes muche, being afleured (as
he faythe) before he came over, that he lliould have Juftice with Expedition. _
But yt feenies they make noe great Regard of giving her Majeftie Satisfadion in
this, more then in other matters of neerer importance to her. I thought yt my
Duetv to informe your Honor of thefe vmloked for Stops and Traverfes in a Mat-
ter fo playne andjuft, that by them you may judge (as you beft canne) of their
general! Difpofition. I am fure they could not be ignorant of this Concurrence of
the Parlamenrs about their Jurifdidion : And therefore yt argues a Meaning ra-
ther of dalliino- then of playne dealing, thus to delude us with a Commiflion that
they themfelves knew would not, and as y t feemes meant fliould not be executed
in thefe Termes. My poor Opinion is therefore, that you be not too forward in
contenting them in their Demands, for that will be the Way to draw moft Rea-
fon from them.

I underftand, that a Triefi which efcaped this Sommer from Rochell, when
Alablajier and his Fellow were apprehended and fent into England, hath procur-
ed the Nuncio to deale with the King, to wryte unto her Majeftie in tfieir Be-
halfe ; but that the King refufed yt, and hereupon tooke occafion to ufe fom
Speeche to the Nuncio, that he marvayled the Tope nfed no good meanes to the
^leene to deale more favorably with the Catholic^ues. The Nuncio anfwered,
that he thought yt would not prevaile comming from the Tope, btit rather irri-
tate her. The King fayd yes, fo as he would ajjure her, they jhould not pra6tife
againft her as they had don: And upon theefe and the like Speeches, they con-
cluded that the Nuncio Ihould write to the Tope, what the King's opinion and
advice was. Yt is fomewhat noted, that her Majeftie hath not communicated
with this King, her fuccefte in the pacifying of Ireland, beiiag conceaved here
to be of very great Importance.

I heere that the Treaty of Teace is broken off betweene the Emperour and
the Turke, and the Warr is begon very hotly. I hear alfo that the Tope is about
to marry three of his Neeces very honorably, viz. one to the Duke of Tarma,
another to the Duke of Mantua s Sonne, and a third to the Duke of Modends
Sonne.

The Duke of Savoy will be here about the X4* of this Moneth : No dowbc
feeing he corns in Terfon, all things are accorded betweene him and the King.
Yet the Chauncellor afllired me, they were not yet accorded, * but that he
thought the T)uke was too wife to com hither, but with a Refolution to give the
King Satisfaction. The Spanijh AmbafTador is muche dilcontented, and gives
out that he will be gon. I cann learne no caufe, but that he takes his Mafter

* There was a further and deeper Defign in the Duke of .S'iii/oy's Journey, then was at that time
known, which was to perfeft his Negotiation with the Marefchal Biron, ll n'y eut perfonne (fays Car-
dinal Bentivoglio) d' ajfez, mauvais cfprit, four croire que h Due n etoit alle en trance que pour y machiner
une horrible Confpiration centre le Roy c/ le corps entire da Koyaume commefut celle da Marefchal Biron. Ce-
pendant lorfque cette Conjuration flit decoHverte, Ce fut le bruit public c I' opinion de tout le Monde, que cela
avoit ete le principal motif du Voyage da Due de Savoy en Vrance, iy" qu'il I'y avoit frames O' conduce fecrete-
ment avec le Marefchal de Biron, &c. Memoires,, Vol. I. p.3Si, 313-

deluded

Book II. Negotiation in France. 127

cldudcd, bccaufc tlicy have yet lent no Ambanador to him from hence ; for al- An. 15-99.
thoiighc Monficur dc la Rochcpot be deffeigned, he makes no great had: yet to .y^^^
be i:;on.

Towching Monficur de Betme-y that Poynt of my lad Advertifement was mi-
ftakcn, ibnt be gave out he cam by Land to Yarmouth, and there tooke Ship-
ping jor France. For the truth is, (and fb he doth acknowledge) that he cam
by Sea to Tarmouth, and there landed, and tooke F^orfe. He'dcnicth that he
cam by London, and fliyeth he went dircdiy thence to Tiover, but I am alTured
he brought a Packet from Monficur de Boi/ife, and the fame Day he arrived he
lent yt to Monficur deViUeroy, delyring to be excufcd himlclfe till the next Day,
bccaulc he was weary. I am alio crcdcbly informed, that the Satterday after his
rcturnc, he was five Flowers with £15-4 the Amhajfador ^/Scotland, and lay all
Night in his Floufc.

A certayne Gentleman that hath often AccefTe to 6 iir Monfieur Villeroy,
talking with me of that matter, layd, it ivas very likely that yf a. 100 the
G^ieene renewed Fr end/hip and Alliance with c. 100 the King 0/ Spaine and
c.ioi the Archduke^ that 6 no the French King wotdd fee'ke to do the like
with m. 175" Scotland.

Here is great enquyring of me towching a. ixi the Earl ^/Eflex. I anfwcre
according to your Flonor's Letters, but as litttle as I may. There have bin
jirange Bruits raifed heere about that matter, but I fupprejfe them all I may. I
cxped: your Fionor's Dircdion whether I lliall deliver the Mony to thefe Ita-
lians I wrote of, or nay. For any more for the next Yeere, I can yet under*
ftand nothing, thoughe I follicite yt as muche as I may. So, ^c.

Tour Honor's mojl., Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

I fend herewith a Letter which cam out of the Low-Countries from the Ma-=-
fter of Gray, who I underftand hath had very privat AccefTe with t\\cArcheduke
and Infanta, and much inward Communication with Bothwell, which is not the
befl: interpreted.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is, 13* iVw. 15-99. O. S.

Ince my laft which I fent by a Marchant called Beauois, there hath bin an

Englijhman w ith me called Eliot, who hath ferved in Spayne about three

Yeares, and came down now in the Gallics with Sfinola. This Man, partly
upon Sorrow (as he pretends) for his Offence towards her Majeftie, but cheefe-
ly as I conceave upon Dilcontentraent againft the Spaniards for their bad Uiage
of him, hath entered into Cogitation, how he might with ibm notable Peece of
Service cancell his former Fault and purchafe his Pardon, and likewife be reven-
ged upon them. And for that purpofe he hath entered into Pradife with zSpa-^
niard borne in the Indies, whofe Grandfather and Father were of the fyrft Con-
querors of Teru and el nuetio regno di Granada, whom he found likewife muche
difcontented for fom privat Greevances of his ovvne, and for the Execution of
fom of his Parents about a Yeere fince in the Indies. This Spaniard, as he fay-
eth, will deliver unto her Majeftie the Meanes to poffefle her of the Havana.,
and will undertake to performe yt with xooo Men upon the Perill of his Life.
What thefe Meanes are, himfelf will relate yf the Offer be embraced, and will for
that purpofe com into England with this Eliot, yfytpleafe her Majeftie. He
is now with Sfinola and very inward with him, and privie to his cheefe Def'
feynes ; fo as he will be able alfo do do her Majeftie Service in the Difcoveiy
thereof His Demaunds are for the prefent about i5'o or zooCrownes, to dif-

charge

128 '^/V' Henry N e v i l l'^ Book II.

An. i5'99- charge fom Debts he hath made, and to fbrnilli him for his Jorney, which he will
' pretend to be into Spayne to facihtate his leave to com away, and fo fyrft re-
payre hithetj and hence into England. He demands alfo fom Maintenance till
the Action be imbraced, and fiiche Recompence, as her Majeftie ihall thinck him
worthie of when yt is performed. For Eliot who is the Worker of yt, he re-
tjuyres only his Pardon and Protedtion from Arrefl: for a tyme, and to be im-
ployed in the A<5lion yf y t proceed. Eliot pretends both to have drawen this
Spaniard into thefe Parts, and himfelfe to have hkewile com downe with Spino-
la only for this purpoie, and to have fold luche things as he hath to furnifhe both
the other and himfelfe. Therefore fynding him in fom want, I have ventured a
few Crownes with him to intertayne him till I hard from your Honor whether
you will give any Ear to the Ouverture or nay, which I defyre to be with as
muche fpeed as conveniently you may.

I fend you herewith a Copy of the Topis Btill, for the authorifing of an
Arche-Trieft in England among the Tapifts. Yt feemes they are growen very
confident of fetling there, feeing they beginne to eftablifli an Order of Gouvern-
ment amongft them ; aJfUredly there Nomber and Hope grovjeth doyly. Towch-
ing Bennet the Capuchin, d.ioo the Duke o£ Bouillon who promifed me Inflru-
d:ions for his Examinations, hath given me the Shpp and is gon to i^. duslb Se-
dan, whence he will not returne this Moneth. Therefore feeing they be here fb
negligent, (whom yt cheefely concernes) your Honor in my poore Opinion fhall
not need to be more careful! in yt. J vuiderfland that 6 ixo the French King is
muche trowbled about your w. xoo Treaty of Teace. Monfieur de la Noiie
is com home out of the Low-Countries, and yt is thought he is to make fom
y.bcfz.dhfmemhbq.ic Tropojition to 6 ixo the French King from a. no the
States. I. i6o The 'Protejiants are mightily difcontented, and hardly kept from
breaking out. Themfelves thinke y t cannot long continue ; efpecially feeing the
Jefuits are to be reftored, and 6 no the King dayly more and more given over
to /. 165- the Tapifts,

I can yet obtayne no Difpatche for the verifying of the Commijfion, and noA^r
Monfieur de Villeroy is gon to his Houfe to folemnize the Aniverfarie Obit for
his Father's Deathe, and hath put me off till his returne, thoughe I have follicited
the Chancellour and him in it almofl: this Moneth. Your Honor may do vi^ell in
my poore Judgment, to fufpend the Troceeding of our Commijf oners for thofe
Caufes, till you fee them here in fom more Forwardnefs to ye eld her Majejtie
her due RefpeEi, whereof I can hitherto give them but little Teftimony. For
my felfe alfo, and that which concernes my Particular, I allure your Honor I fynd
as little Favour. I moved Monfieur de Villeroy almoft three Weeks fence for a
Difcharge from Impofitions in fuche Provifions as I make for my Houfe, which
hath bin ordinary to all former Ambafladors, but yet I cannot obtayne y t ; he
doth not deny yt, but fayeth Hill he forgot yt. Not long fence the Lieutenant
Civill cam to me, to give me Knowledge that the People murmered that I had a
Sermon in my Houfe, and \}a^tfome Forayners r e fort ed unto yt, and would needs
infmuat fom Danger of Mutiny that might grow thereby in the end, and there-
fore advifed me to prevent yt. I asked him if he had any Commiflion from the
King or his Counfail to fay any thing unto me on the matter ; he fayd no, but
that he fpake it out of good Will, and a Defyre to prevent any Inconvenience
that might happen. I told him, I did nothing but that which was warranted by
the Liberty and Privilege of my Place, which had bin always enjoyed by former
Englifo Ambafladors heere, and the like by the French Ambaffadors in Eng-
land., and that I would not diflionour my Place, nor quitte any Privilege belong-
ing to y t. Yf the King commaunded me to fiirceafe, I knew what I had to do .-
But otherwife I purpofed to continue as I had don, which was nothing, but that
which my felfe in myne owne Experience had knowen former Ambafladors to
do. And as for the People, I would not fubjed my feJfe to their Pafiions, but
loked to be protedted by the King as belonged to my Place, and as he would
looke that his ArabafTador fliould be in England, where his Majfe was as difl^afl- '

flill

Book 11. Negotiation in France. 129

full to the People there, as my Sermon was here. Since I have have hard no An. 15-99.
more of him.

There be many things that I have heretofore written of, wherein I expedt
your Honor's Diredtion, cfpecially about the DcHvcry of this Mony I have in
my Hands, the Dcmaund of more for the next Yeere, or at Icafl ne'-^su AJJJgna-
fi(?«j- in place of them, which they <r?«yze;^r<? were engaged toothers before they
were affigned to her Majcfty, and the reviving of the Treaty of Bloys. And

lb, ^c.

Tour Honor's very., &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable., Tarts i^^^Nov. iS99- O. S.

A Bout a Moneth fince I had fecret Intelligence given me, that the Drapers o^
th'isTowne, Orleans, Tours, and other Citcies, went about to renew the At-
tempt which was made the lad Wynter, for the banilhing of our Clothes, and
all Mauifadures of Wooll. " Whereupon I went to the Chauncellour, iliewing
" him what Intelligence I had receaved, and praying that yf any iuche thinge
" were propofed to the Counfail, I might be hard for the Intereft of the Queene
" my Myftris, hoping I Ihouid be able to iltew fufficient Reafons, why yt could
" neyther be honorable nor profitable for the King and his Realme, to make any
*' fuche Prohibition. T\ie Chancellonr zx\i^Vftx<td, That to his Knowledge there
" was noe iiiche thinge propofed yet in Counfail; and yf yt Ihould be, he afTu-
" red me I fliould be made acquaynted with yt, and hard in any thing I would
" propofe; and Ihould always fynd, that the King and his Miniflers would have
" a due regard of the Queene my Myftris, and of the Amitie and Entercours
" becwene their Realmes and Subjed;s." Notwithftanding , I am now againe
freflily advertiled, that yt is very hotly laboured, and favoured by fom Perfons
that have Creditt with the King. I meane to deale with all the Cheefe of the
Counfail about y t out of hand ; and with the King himfelfe as foon as he returnes
from Monceaux, which will be within thefe fyve Dayes.

In the meane tyme I thought yt not amifTe to give your Honor to underfland
of yt, and to deiyre to be diredted how I ihall carry my felfe in my Oppofitioa
to yt, yf I fynd that yt be likely to palTe. Yt were good in my poore Opinion,
that the Ambajfador there might underfland, (by Speeches geven out under-
hand) that yf yt proceede, the Queene will revoke her Subjeds from trading in
thefe Parts, or at leaft forbidd the bringing in of any Frenche Commodities into
England, which is a thing they will never endure.

This Morning before he tooke his Jorney, the King gave Audience to the^;^-
baffador of Savoy, who came to advertife him, that for fom Occafions the T)uke
had put off his Jorney for fifteen Dayes. He intends to com with agreatTrayne
as I underftand, and for that purpofe hath given Ordre to all the Principall Gen-
tlemen of Savoy to put themielves in a readines to attend him.

The Difcontentment in the Low-Countries of the Archeduke's fyde is fayd to
^ be accommodated, and that the Countrie is contented the Spaniards fhall re-
mayne there one Yeere, to fee yf a Teace may be concluded in the meane tyme.
Our EngUjh Fugitives are all turned over into Spayne for their Tenfons, and
difmiffed only with fbra three Moneth's Pay to a Man, infteed of all Arrerages
due unto them. I call upon the verifying of the Commiffion every Day, but they
make little the more hafte for any thing I fee.

The King's Trocureur would fayne have the Commiffion eftablilhed atTaris;
but yt were to loofe muche tyme, in the nominating and allowing of new Com-
miffioners ; and I have a very goodConceyte of the fyrf Trefident oiRoiien that
he is very well difpofed to do us Juftice, being both a very honejl and a wife Man,

L 1 ^^d

l^o &r Henry Neville Book II.

An. 1S99- ^^^ ^^"^ '^^^^y of better Reputation in all France of his^ Coate. And for my Af-
fiftance, I am not fo farrc off, but I ihall be able to afford yt them well inoughe.
1 wrote unto your Honor fo latelj by my Secretary, (to whom I gave alio in
charge to deUver fome things by Mouthe,) that I have not muche more to trow-
ble you with now. And therefore humbly befeeching the Continuance of your
Favour towards me, whereupon I do only depend, I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honors very, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr.Secretar'y Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris 19"^ Nov. if^^. O.S.

UPON the Receyt of your Letters of the i8* oW^ober, I fent for Magda-
lena to treate with him about the making over of the Mony, wherein I
found him dearer then the other Italians I had before fpoken with, for he made
difficulty of receaving yt, v/ithout Allowance of^Two-pence upon every French
Crowne for the Exchange ; but in the end we concluded for Three-halfe-pence
upon the Crowne, and fo I have delivered him feventeene thoufand and twenty
Crownes, for which he is to pay fyve thoufand Pound Sterling in this fort, viz.
three thowland Pound v/ithin twenty Days after the Sight of his Bill, and the
two thowland within fyitie Dayes after Sight, which is a Moneth after the fyrft.
Spedier Payment I could nor get at his Hands, iJo I have fent your Honor his
fyrft Bills heere inclofcd, relerving the lecond for more Surety till another tyme.
Becaule I found that by the Bond the Mony was to have bene payd to the Lord
Treaforer, and I have receaved no other Diredlion, I cauied the Bills to be made
in the fame forte. For the other two thowfand nyne hundred and fowrefoore
Crownes, I detayned two thowfand Crownes with your Honor's liking, which
js payed I hope ere this tyme. And I have made bold to detayne the other 980
Crownes now, and have given Order for the Payment of yt, at the tyme that
Corfini payeth in his fecond Sommc, which I hope will be all one to her Maje-
ftie, and will lave her 20 Nobles loffe in the making over, and me as muche in
the returne ; wherefore I hope her Majeftie will not dilallow of my doing in yt.
When this is all difcharged, becaufe I take it that I ftand accountable for this Mo-
ny, and lubjed: to the lall: Statute, I befeeche your Honor to favour my poore
Eftate fo muche, as I may receave a fufRcient Difcharge for yt. Wherin, as in
my former Requefts of like Favour, I humbly pray you not to conceave me to
have eyther {o little good Manners or Difcretion, as to deiyre your Honor's //^r-
ther Trowble then your good Word and Recommendation to my Lord Treafou-
rer by whofe Order yt muft be done, and to whom I will ufe (as I have don) all
meanes to procure yt ; having for that purpofe, before my comming over, autho-
rifed one under my Hand and Scale to demaund and receave my Intertaynement
and other Allowances, and to follicite the Dilpatche of my Bufines there.

I wrote unto your Honor in my laft by Mr. Lock, that I underftood the T>ra-
pers went about to procure a Prohibition of bringing into this Realme any
Clothes or Mamtfa^ures ofJFooll% I was fince with Monfieur de Villeroy about
yt, " who Gonfeffed that fuche a Matter had bin offred to t\\QCounfail, but in no
Liklehood or Forwardnefs to be accepted. I prayed him to confidder, how con-
trary yt would be to that Promife and Offer which the King himfelfe, and he
in the King's Name had fo often made me, not only to continue all former
Treaties made with her Majeftie, but to make the Bonds of Amitie ftreighter
yf need were; whereas this debarring of our Traftic, were rather to cutt off
the Roote and Foundation of all true Frendjhif. He bidd me allure my felfe,
" that before any thing fliould be concluded in yt to the Prejudice of theQueene
" or her Subjects, I lliould be called to yt, and hard as I defyred at full; but his

" Opinion

Book II. Negotiatioji in France. 1 3 1

" Opinion was, yt fhould never com fo farrc. This Specche ended, I mooved Jn 15-99

" him about the Caftayne which was flayed at Treport by M.r. Honnman's Pro-

" cuiemcnr, that he might reccave ibmc TtmiJJmicnt for exa?r!ple \ and hkc-

" wile ingcneraUitic, towching thofc which fcrved the Enemies againft us, bothe

" ^sCaptaynes, Sould'mirs., andTi/otfs, that they might be revoked by fome

" publtqueTroclamatlon^ and all other forbidden to take any fuche Courfe

" hereafter. For the Captayne he anlwered, tliat the King had written to do

" Juflice upon him yf he were found faultie; but no particular Proofe coming

" againfl: him, he was fet at Liberty upon Bonds not to depart the Realme with-

" out Licence: and he layd that he marvailed there had nothin'j bin fpoken to

" Ambajfador about yt. For xht publioiue Troclamation he did abfolutely re-

" fufe yt, but fayd, yf any of them cam back mto France, upon Complaynte

" and Proofe made againft them, they fhould be puniflied We debated thePoynt

" a little, I lliewing how muche more the King was tyed to her Majeftie then to

" xk^f Spaniard, by reafon that he had with her an Alliance defenjive, and with

" him but Teace only, and yet at his Inftance he had bin contented to revoke

" Monfieur de la Noiie and his Troupes from the States Service, and therefore

" he had no reafon to refufe the like to her Majeftie. But he perfifted ftill in his

" former Refufall, faying, that they would perforrae what was fpoken, but af-

" ter their own Fafliion, not after oures. We fpake alfo of the matter of the

" Trize taken by thole oi Marfeilles, wherin he fayd they had already fent

" the King's Anfwere unto their AmbafTador, agreable as yt feemes with that I

" wrote by Symons. Laftly, I put him againe in mynd of the King's Promife

" of Mony this next Yeere, and prayed that her Majeftie might underftand what

"file might affuredly truft to, being a matter whereupon fom of her Refolu-

" tions might happily depend. He laid he medled not with the \\.m^?, Finances,

" and could give me no Anfwere in that matter; but when the King commaund-

" ed him to make any Anfwere, he would eyther impart yt to me, or to theit

" owne AmbafTador to relate." Thus your Honor feeth how little Content a-

tion I can receave in any thing I propofe. I am forrie I am fo unprofitable to

her Majeftie heere ; but my Hope and humble Sute is, that flie might not impute

the Blame to want of Zeale or DilHgence in mee, but conjidder I am com hither

in a tyme when the King hath no more need of her, as he hath had, and is be-

Jydes gouverned by thofe which are not the beji ajfe6ied to her.

The Conclufion of the King's long defyred'T)ivorce will not be long defFerred,
for thofe which were fent to the ^leene about yt, are returned fully fatisfied in
thofe Toynts they required of her. * The Nullitie is grounded upon thefe three
Points: That they were too neere of Kynne, being in the thyrd'Degree: That
the ^teen's Father Henry IL was Godfather unto the King, which is fpirituall
Alliance ; and that flie was inforced to the Matche by her Mother. For the
fyrft there was a 'Dijpenfation from the Tope, but not fufficient in fome poynt
of Formallitie as they lay ; for the fecond there was no T>ifpenfation at all ;
the thyrd was not knowen till now. This may ferve the King's turne for the
prefent, but God knoweth what the Confequence of it may be hereafter. The
Speeche of the Matche with Florence groweth every Day colder as the King's
AlFedtion to Madamoifelle d' Entragues groweth warmer, who is now openly
fhewed as his MyftrefTe in all Meetings; and they are contented to give out
Speeches out of her Houfe, that /he is with Child, which if yt prove true,
your Honor knoweth what I have written heretofore, which I verily beleeve
will follow. ■"'

The Duke of Savoy fets forth from Turin eyther this Day or upon Monday.
I underftand there are fom 'Deputies expeded here from the States very fhort-
ly. Monfteur de Villeroy told me he underftood there were fome to go thence
into England, but of any to com hither he would not be acknowen. I befeeche

* Thiiani Hifi. lib. 12.3. Memoires de Sully, Vol.l. /ii.8r, Inventa're de Serrei, foLgi6,giT, vc

you

132 Sir Henry Nevill'j Book II.

^^- ^599- you remember what I have written of that Poynt heretofore. There is a Bruite

v-.'-''^''''^ that the Spantjhe Navie is returned to Lisbone% but Monfieur de Vilkroy ey-

y ther could not, or would not deliver me any Certaintie of yt. In Italic there

hath bin fome little flyrring about the Marquilat del Finale, during xhcAIarchefe
Sicknes; the Spaniards preparing to feafe upon yt after hisDeathe, by Virtue
of the Purchale; zxid-Xht Imperial Is who have certayn Garrifons there, reinfor-
cing themielves to prevent yr, pretending yt is to devolve to the Empire after
his Death; but his Recovery hathe ended the Controverfie for the prefent.
There hath bin one of the Grimaldi's heere with the King from them of Ge-
noua, his Pretext was, to demaund Recompence of fom good Oifices don by
himfelfe to the King in the tyme of the League; but they iz'hich ohferve the
King's Carrtadge towards fuche Sutors ; note, that he Jhould not have bin fo
well receaved, yf he had had no other Arrand.

The Party by whom I had the Advertifement fent by my Secretary, offers
yf yt pleale her Majeftie to go to x.ihaw Rome in the Company of
z.eotduy.hcmscrtw the Tatriarche, and remaine there as long as fliall be
thought meete, with fuch Allowance as may reafonably maintaine him ; I defyre
your Honor's Anfwere in yt. Infteed of Monfieur de Rambouillet who was fyrfl:
nominated to be Gouvernour to the young Prince of Conde, the King hath now
appoynted Monfieur de Belin, who was Gouyernour of this Towne for the
League, and afterwards rendred Ardes to the Spaniards, for which he ihould
have loft his Head, which makes many marvail that he is preferred to luche a
Charge.

As I was wryting hereof, there was Advertifemefit brought me that the Tiepu-
ties from the States were arrived ^t Calais, with Comminion to treat with this
King about their TroteSlion , which undowbtedly he will accept, to get fom
' Entry and Footing amongft them. The Archeduke fearing yt above all things,
hath fent a principall Man in truft with him to Callais to meet with the 'Depu-
ties, and to offer them almoft la Carte Blanche, that they will not proceed in
this Negotiation with France. Sir, I am bold to put you in mynd of tnat I have
heretofore written of the Defleign of the Frenche upon this Teace ; yf yt be
not very warily dealt in, I feare undowbtedly yt will com to paffe as I have fig-
nified, and then I dowbt our latter end will be worfe than our beginning, and that
in weakening one Enemy wejhall fet up another more dangerous. Your Honor
remembers that they never put themielves into the Protection of England till
both * Monfieur had difcovered his Purpole to betray them, and the laft Frenche
King had refufed them, when they offered to give themfelves unto him ; fuche
an Inclination they have had ever this way. This King, whatfoever his Mean-
ing is, hatli bin very carefuU of late to furniih himklf of Ordinance, and hath
taken order for the cafting of 50 or 60 Peeces heere in the Arfenal, whereof 30
are already caft and tryed; he hath alio appoynted greatStoare of Armes to be
bought in fundry Townes as I am informed, wherein he may happily have a dow-
ble end, to furnifli himfelf for all Occafions, and to disfurnifii the Townes. I
fend this Meffenger in fome Ipeed, as well that you may receave the Bills of Ex-
change the fooner, as alio to give you Knowledge of thole Matters which are
here a working. And h till farther Occafion I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's moji, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

* The Duke d'Alenfon^

/

Sir

Book II. Negotuttion in France;

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable., Tar is the io^ of November I5'99, O. S.

I Have flayed my Packet one Day after \t was ready, upon an Advertifement
I rcceavcd from my Secretary, that he had met at Diepe with r. i^f the
States Agent returning out of the Loiv Countries, and that he had lorn Speeche
with him which fecms not to agree with that I have advertifed, as namely to this
Effcd:, that a.i%o the States ihould have a Difpofirion to joyne with a.ioo
the ^ieeue x.r( ifi w. 200 the Treaty, which I was willing to diicover
fomcwfiat more of before I lent away my Difpatche. For the Arrivall of the
Z-ptdaemtfeh y.rsksma 'Deputies to Calais, I cannot learne any Certaynty
of yt; but yt is confirmed unto me that there are fome to come, and that c. loi
the Archduke harh fent one thither to meet them as I wrote, g. 142 The Spanifli
Ambaffador hath confefTed that he hath had Advertifement to that Effeit from
c.iox the Archduke, and hath offred by a third Perfon whom he fent unto me
to meet with m<t fecretly, and to conferre of the means to prevent yt, liippofing
be Hke her Majeftie would not be well content with yt. I put yt off upon pre-
text that I did not beleeve there was £lny fuche thing ; but in deed I durft not ven-
ture to do yt -without Warrant, not knowing how yt would be taken. But yf
y t pleafe her Majeftie to give me CommifTion to meet him upon any fuche like
Overture hereafter) I hope her Service Ihall receave no Prejudice by yt. The
Partie that came unto me upon the MefTage was w. 209 Charles Taget. I am
no way prone to beleve thkt which r. 16^ the States Agent fayd unto my Secre-
tary, for yf a. ixo the States make 11.^06 Teace, I fee no ufe for him here lon-
ger then till w. 200 the Treaty be finiflied, and for fo fmall a tyme as that is like
to be, I thinck he would not have remooved his q.htmulbs x nmarcrw
Wife and Familie hether, as he hath don at this inftant ; therefore I rather thinck
yt a difgiiijing : But of this your Honor may be perfedlly inforrned from thofe
Parts. In the meane tyme I hold it my duty not to negled: the Advertifement I
receaved, but to acquaint your Honor with yt, efpecially feeing g. 142 the Spa-
ntlln Ambaffador takes the Allarme likewife of y t. And fo I hunibly take my
leave.

Your Honor's, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, ?*^rij 29* iVo-v. 15-99. G S.

UNderftanding of this Bearer, Romain's Returne, I was willing to take the
Opportunitie as likewife any other that Ihall be offered to add fomewhat
to my former Advertifements ; thoughe muche yt cannot be at this tyme, both
by reafon of my late wryting, arid of an Indifpofition and Infirmitie befallen me
in my hearing, Which hath forced me into a Courfe of Phificke for thefe five or
fix Dayes pail, thoughe with littell Profitt hitherto. The Subllance of that 1
have learned fince my lafl is this, r. 165- the States Agent is com to this Towne
With his Wyfe lately married and her Mother, he hath not yet bin with me
thoughe I fent to vifitt him the next Day after his Returne, and receaved Word
from him, that he would have feene me the morrow after : Which I note, becaufe
yt differs from the former Courfe he was wont to hold with mee before his go-
ing into thofe Tarts. His common Speeche is futable to that he delivered to
my Secretary for his Mafter's Refolution ; but the contrary is alTured me ;
and this that he delivers is fuppofed to be don but to indeere his Marchandife
here, where yt will not be refufed at any Trice. Your Honor I hope remem-

M m bers

Sir Henry Neville Book II.

bers what Speeche I wrote la Fountaine ufed to me of that Matter before my
commingover, and will compare that with the prcfent Jealoufies and your other
Advertilements, and thereupon conclude (as you bell: canne) what is like to be
the Sequele.

I am informed by fuche as faw Monfieur de Bettunes Inftruclions, that there
was nothing contayned in them any way prejudiciall to her Majcftie, but only
a Commiffion to do Complement to that King, which had bin long omitted, and
to ofFer the Confirmation unto that Nation oi the Exemption from the Aubeine,
and fom other Priviledges about their Service in the Gard which they have long
enjoyed. But of any League, Treaty, or Alliance to be made, or renewed be-
twene the tow Kings, there was not a Word : Particularly he was directed to
advife that King, to hold all good RefpeB and Amitie luith her Majeftie. But
withall I learne, that whether bj TiireSlion verball, or orherwife of his owne
Mynd, he recommended very affedionady unto that King the Caufe of the Ca-
tholiques, and the Liberty of Relligion, which they labour for making knowen
that yt would be acceptable here. Your Honor will add this to that I have here-
.tofore advertifed. j^i5'4 The Ambajfador of Scotland maketh very fayre wea-
ther to me, and feemes willing inoughe to communicate any thing he knoweth
with me; but furely he doth muche harme among thofe of his Nation here, la-
bour i^ig by allmeanes to feduce thera in Relligion ; which he hath effected with
fundry young Noblemen and Gentlemen, as namely the Erie of ^y^/z/^Z'^r/^//^, the
Mafter of Tayfeley Sonne to the Lord Claude Hammilton, and fondrie others,
who are returned into Scotland refolute Catholiques, whereas they came out
good Trotejiants. The Lord Hume alfo fince his comming hether goeth openly
to Majfe, and now they labour to feduce the young Lord Oliphaunt, Sonne-in-
law to the Lord Hume.

The Dnke of Savoy will be at Orleans upon Satterday next, and comes to
Fountainebleau upon Monday, whether the King removes upon Fry day next to
receave him, yf he be well ; but for thefe two Dayes he hath bin evill at eafe
by reafon of Ibme Surfait he tooke upon Monday, for which he hath this Day ta-
ken Phifick. Yefterday Monfieur de la Tremouille was admitted in the Parla-
ment Tayre of France.

This Day r. i6z the Chancelloiir fent his Secretarie to vifitt me, and commu-
nicated unto me an Advertifement which he underltood came lately out of Spayne,
that the King hath raifed a new Impofition upon the Salt and fome other Com-
modities in his Kingdom, which will amount by Eftimation unto fix or feven
Millions ; that he intends to levie thirty thoufand Foote, whereof tenn thoufand
in Italy by "Don Tiedro di Medici, whom he fends thither for that purpole, and
fom fix thoufand Horfe : That of thefe he intends to leave a good Nomber upon
the Frontier es towards France to affure his Countrie : That with the reft he
meanes to go in Perfon to Lisbone where his whole Navie is, the Adelantado be-
ing for certaine returned thither; that he makes an Arreft of all Shipps, and
meanes to make a Fleete of one hundred and fifty Sayle wherein he intends to
imbarke himfelfe, as he yet gives out : That he hath likewife commaunded d'Oria
to bring thither all the Gallies he can make. Of this fince I receaved the Adver-
tifement, I have fought to learne what I might from fome of this Counfaile, but I
canne heare no Confirmation : Notwithftanding comming from fo good a Hand,
I would not utterly contemne yt, but thought good to fend yt as I had receaved
yt, together with ray Author. I will be carefuli to fifte yt as I may.

I have at length receaved your Honor's Letter fent by the Frencheman ; he
fell fick by the Way as he fay the, which made him to be fo long e're he deliver-
ed yt. I receaved the Duplicat of y t before by Mufy, and have returned Anfwere
mito him already. And therefore I do heare for this tyme moft humbly take my
leave. .

Tour Honor's very. Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

Book II. Negotiation in France.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts, i^ IDec. is<)9- O. S<

SINCE my lafl: unto you fcnt by Ro'main, there came an Eiigl'tjhman hithci-
from Brefi, to advcrtilc me, that two Englijh Barkcs, the one of 'Dart-
mouth, the other of T limmouth, comming from Rochell, wqyq taken by two
SpantfhM.Q.w of Warr which were going to Breft to fetch awny certaine Spani-
ards which remayned there; and that the Spaniards "^h^^x they had taken them,
carried them with them to Brejl, where upon the lute of ibm Englijh Marchants,
the Lieutenant and Counfail of the Towne, in the Abicnce of Monfieur de
Soiirdiac, flayed both the Prifes and the Men taken in them, until the King's
Pleafurc were knowen, for which purpofe they fent a Meficngcr pourpofely unto
the Court. Upon this Advertifement I lent to Monfieur dc Vtlleroy and other
of the Counfail about yt, (being my felfe in Phifick, and not in cafe to go out
of my Houle,) to pray them to move the King in yt ; who prelently gave Order
that the Men fliould be fet at Liberty, and that both the Barks and Goods fliould
be reltoared unto them. Whereof I thought fitt to give your Honor Ipeedy Ad-
vertilemenr, that her Majcftie or your Honor may yf yt pleafe you take knowledge
of yt unto the Frenche AmbalTador there; for I perceeve they think they have
don her Majejiie a great Kindnefs inyt, and more then they were bound to doe,
and perhaps will looke yt Jhould be acknowledged by her.

The King is this Day gon to Fountainebleau to receave the D. of Savoy, who
corns thither upon Mnnday ; he would gladly, if he could patche up an accord
with the King, to yeeld up the Propriety of the Marquifat, but to retayne the
perpetuall Gouvernement of yt for one of his Sonnes, as the Duke of Lorraine
did of Tonl and Verdun; he hath alio fomewhat in his Fancy (as I here) about
the IDuchy of Milan, r. 165' The States Agent hath bin this Day with mee,
and telleth me yf 6 ixo the French King do not give them good ajfurance of
Affijl-ance, his Mafters meane to Treate, and that in Treating they will choofe
to do yt rather fever ally thenjoyntly, 6 12.0 the King differreth his Refolution,
till the Matter of the Marquifat be accomm.odated. I thinck to renew my for-
mer Correlpondencie with him, and therefore defyre your Honor's Direction how
I Iball comport my felfe towards him, and within what compas of Speeche I
fliall keepe my felfe. I canne yet learne none Confirmation from any Hand, of
the Advertifement I receaved from r. i6x the Chance Hour, which I communica-
ted in my laft ; only I heare yt advowed, that the Adelantado is returned to Lif-
bone with his Fleet muche Weather beaten. Before my comming over your Ho-
nor willed me to indeavour to fettle fom Intelligence for you, with fom one of
the Ambaflador's Companye, that went hence into Spayne. There is now oflred
me a very good opportunitie to do yt yf you pleafe, for there is an ancient Ac-
quaintance of mine that upon my Motion will pourpofely put himfelf into his
Service, and hath promifed to performe carefully that I requyre of him. He
hath bin a Travallour in Italy, Germany, and England, and a Souldior ; fo that
I hold him very able for that pourpofe. There remaines therefore to be knowen
whether your former Defyre continue; and yf yea, what intertainement you
will thmck him worthie of, and what inflrudlions you will give him, and what
addrefle for the Convayance of his Letters : This mud be determined without
his comming thither, and with Ibm reafonable fpeede, for he mufl take his Jor-
ney foone after the Hollidayes. And fo not having any farther Matter to impart
at this tyme I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's very, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

i:i6 Sir Henry Neville Book IL

^n. If 99

S'/r Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

SIR, -- Tarls io* T)ec. 15-99. O- S.

Might very well have bin filent at this tyme, this being a Seafon that affords
noe great Alteration for Matters of Action, and my felfe having receaved
noe one Letter from you of any Diredion fince that of the 14''^ of OBober, the '
other of the 1 8th, contayning nothing but a Duplicat of that. Yet to hold my
former courfe, and to performe that which I take to be the Dutie of my place, I
would not let this MefTenger returne without fome few Lines from me. The
Duke of Savoy arrived at Fountaiiiehleau upon Friday the 17':^ of 'December ac-
cording to this Account. The Order taken for his receaveing and intertaine-
ment, I fend you a Copie of, which was only altered in the firft Poynt of his
Meeting, becaufe the 'Duke pourpofely to prevent yt, tooke Poft, and came thi-
ther early in the Morning while the King was at Mafle. Upon the Tweufday
after, the King brought him to this Towne, and lodged him and himfelfe for two
or three Nights at Zmnetz Houfe, and afterwards brought him to Madame de
Nemours Houfe, juft upon the Day that the Dnke of Guile was Jlaine, and
which that Houfe was wont to keepe very religioufly : But notwithftanding the
King would needs have him feafted there that Day, and Madame de Guife to be
preient at yt. The Duke hath lodged there ever fmce till yeflerdayj that he re-
moved to the Lomre. d. 100 The Duke <?/" Bouillon told my Secretarie, that
f.131 the Duke of Savoy offers to difiover to 6iio the French King fiich
VraSiifes both againft him and a. 100 the ^ieene, that fhould give him juft occa-
fion to break the F'eace he hath with c. 100 Sj^aine, and to a. 100 the ^ieen, to
proceed no further in the w.roo Treaty, but before he do yt, he would be af-
yiired kothe to be fuJ)portedby dixo the French Khig, and that a.xoo the ^leene
had not gon fo farre in the w. xoo Treaty, but that jhe might (upon this Adver-
tifement) defijl. Hereupon he motioned that I would be contented, upon a Vi-
fitation fyril performed by the Arabajfador of the Duke unto me, to go to vijit
the Duke. But for my part I am jealous of all that proceedes bothe from d. loo
the Duke de Bouillon and r. 1 3 1 the Duke of Savoy in this Matter ; therefore I
refolve not to doe any thing in this Poynt without warrant, d. 100 The Duke
de Bouillon feut me word, he would very Ihortly com unto me of purpofe to con-
ferre with me about yt. Yf his Conference yeeld any matter worthie of Ad-
vertifement, I will prelently dilpatche a MefTenger unto you. He hath dealt to
the fame purpofe with r. 165- the States Agent, who hath communicated yt with
me, and hath promifed, yf at his going to f. 131 the Duke of Savoy he can dis-
cover any thing, to acquaint me with yt. The Duke of Savoy hath offj-ed to
deliver up the Marquifdt to the King, but he would gladly that the King lliould
promife him to abandon thofe of Geneva, and hath bin very earneft in y t ; but
the King will notheare of yt by any meanes. I had fome lecret Underftanding
of yt, by the Party I fent your Honor word of by my Secretary, which I com-
municated to their Ageiit here, and gave him occafion to labour in tyme againft
yt.

The Sentence of the King's Divorce was pronounced upon Satterday was le-
vennight, and publiflied upon Thurfeday laft. I wrote unto your Honor in fome
of my laft of an Advife that was communicated to me out of Spayne ; I have
bin carefull to fyft as muche as I might, yet the Letter yt felfe I could not fee,
but thefe Poynts were delivered me colledled out of yt which I have here in-
cloled. This Court hath no Confirmation of any particularity, but I underftand
for certaine, that all the Souldiars and Mariners which returned with the Adelan-
tado are retayned in pay, and Monfieur de Villeroy acknowledged to a Friend
of myne, that he was advertifed the King of Spaine made fome Preparations,
but not in that Proportion that might give his Neighbours caufe to feare much.
Yt is holden here, that our Treaty with the Archeduke groweth cold, and the like

I&w

Book 11. Negotiation in France. 137

I faw written out of the Low Countries. The CommifTion is now verified at^^^ is'QQ.
length in this Court of Tarlament, yf yt prove fo difficile in all the other Par- ^
laments, yt will be a lone pcece of Worke: And I bclceve althoughe the Verifi-
cation be paflcd, wc ihalT fynde muche difference in the Execution. I have at
Icngthc with muche Oppofition of the Farmers, gotten the ordinary Allowance
of Impofl: of Wine, which former AmbaiTudors have had.

The Earlc of Craijford iS arrived here, with a Brother of the Secretaric's of
Scotland. Yt is thought they are both to goe to ^.140 the Tope about the Im-
ploymcnt I have heretofore written of I fend your Honor Copies of the King's
Letters written to Brefi^ about the delivering of our two Englijh Barks that
were brought in thither by the Spaniards. More I have not to trowble your
Honor with at this tyme, and therefore, ^c.

Tour Honor's verj, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

Sk Henry Neville, y'^^ 'Decemi/er i^^^,

I Have receaved diverle Letters from you of late, both of the 13*, 19*, and
iQt'i of November, to neither of which I could returne you fobner any di-
re(5t Anfwere, and therefore do intend to lapp them all up in ohe Letter. In
that of the 13*, the Matter that requireth fyrft Anfwere is concerning Eliott, of
whom her Majeftie underftandeth, that you are peirfwaded he may do fom Ser-
vice. True yt is that he hath bin a fraliizin^ Fugitive a great while, and yet
her Majeftie is not fo vendicative, as not to be corttehted to take any good cul-
lour whereupon to ground Mercy, eipecially to one who doth voluntarily feeke
yt, and promifes to deferveyt: So as her Majeftie hath commaunded me to give
you Warrant in her Name to give him this Aftureance, that yf he doe com into
England, and as foone as he is arrived, make yt knowen that he is come from
you, and directed unto me, that I will fend for him to fome other Place then to
the Courte, where flie will appoint my Lord Admirall and my felfe to conferrc
with him, for ilae would not have him com thither at fyrft; And in this fort you
may afllirehim, and give him your Taffeport as her Majeftie's Ambaffador for
his comraing and going, which her Majeftie meaneth to make good, and fo you
inay be aflured by this Letter, but ihe will fend him no ^Pardon over. Concern-
ing the Spaniards Offers, they are of littell valew, and yet his Demaunds are of
Charge, and therefore her Majeftie meaneth to lett them alone, except he will
come of his owne accord ; which yf he will doe he fliall come and goe lafely, fo
he bring your 'Tafport.

Concerning the bruits o? om forwardnefs in Treaty, I know you cannot ftopp
your Eares to them ; but for the matter, you may affure your felfe confidently
(for I proteft yt is true) that there is no one Circumftance of yt further then you
know, only now Mr. Caron is arryved from the States, who have refufed for
this tyme to enter into any Treaty, pretending (befydes their generall Indilpo-
fition) that the Stay of the Spaniards for one whole Yeare longer in the difimit-
ed Provinces (whereof they had contrary hope) doth worke in them no fmall
difference ; but feeing her Majeftie intendeth in refped: of her own Eftate, to
enter into Treaty, they mufl leave yt to her owne Wife dome to do what yt Jh all
pleafe her. So as her Majeftie doth irefolve prefently to make anfwere to the
Archediike, that jhe hath now hard from the States^ whom fhe invited to joyne
with her in the Treaty, which they having refufed for this tyme^ flie will pro-
ceed alone ; and by my next I fhall advertife you what place fhe will treat in,
and what CoramifTioners fhe will fend: Of which (I proteft before God) you
know yet as muche as I doe.

N n For

138 6/r Henry Nevillj Bookll.

•^n. 1599- For '^''"2 other Poynts of the double CommiJJion, her Majedie hath commaund-
-^edthe Embaffador to be fpoken withall, who pretendeth that he did conceave,
that Commiflions in feverall Places, would have bin mod beneficiall for her Ma-
jeftie's Subjedts, efpecially becaufe the Jealoufies of one Courte of Tarlament a-
bove another is fuche, as Juftice would often tymes be the harder adminiflred,
when yt fliould appeare that one Place iliould draw away the Reforte to the o-
ther. But he concluded, that he would wryte againe thither in fuche forte, that
any fuche Courfe may be taken as you fliall like of For the fecond Poynte that
you fulped:ed, concerning the Banmjhment of our Cloathes, the contrary is af-
liired here by him, fo as that matter is at an end. For the matter oi Alar fe ilk s
the Bearer hereof MvJVhiwood was called to the Confukation, who can lo well
deliver you all Particulars, as I vi^ill leave yt to his Relation.

And now Sir to come to the Report of the Low Countries Agent delivered to
your Secretary, and to divers other Advertifements from divers Parts of the
World where I hold correfpondencye ; Yt may playnely appeare, that now they
think the matter groweth rype^ all States that have Inter eft relatively in theife
lateT>i(fenfions betwene Spaine and England, doe beginne to flay their Tarts,
every one in their feverall quarter ; and to that end, do feeke to fow fuche
bruits, as they may thinck may beft concurre with their owne particular ends.
But I doe lee, and fo doth her Majeitie, that thoughe you muft heare and advcr-
t& all, yet you can well make judgement, what is probable, and what is deli-
vered to ferve turnes. And therefore her Majeflie hath commaunded me to let
you know, that Ihe likes well that you fliould have Conference with the Spanifh
Ambaffador, fo that you do cary the fame in fuche forme, as that the H'^orld
may fee that yt is notyoti that fee ke him, but rather he you. You mufl there-
fore obferve in dealing with him thefe Cautions, fyrfl to hear him what he would
propound and what he would reveale, without propounding any thing unto him,
more then to confirme unto him this, that herMajeftie doth hate fraudulent
'Dealing ; and thoughe her Injuries, even ferfonall to her Lyfe, might have
bin fufficient to have hardened her Hart againft all Reconfiliation, yet feeing Jhe
hath gone thus farre, upon an opinion that there is Fayth meant to her, Jhe
will give Eare and Fay the in reJpeSl of the publick good of Chrifte7idome ,
wherein fo muche blood may be faved; and you may ajfure him Jhe meaneth all
Sinceritie. Yf he fhall ittk^t to Ipeake broadly of the Frenche King unto you,
you ^■^ pajfe yt over, and only conclude, that the amitie ^Burgundie hath
ever bin formerly more fir me and follide then the Frenche, and that fo we may
be dealt withall, as we Jhall efteeme yt above any Frenche in the World. Yf
he fliall aske what her Majeilie meaneth to doe, and when flie will fend to Treate,
or upon what Conditions ^\t will conclude; you may narratively tell him how
things have hitherto paft, and that her Majcfty having hard from her Confederats
that they dare not as yet enter htto any Treaty, becaufe they have bin foe often
deceaved, but will forbeare a while untill they fee fome tryall what Fayth will be
kept with her, (marking already how at fyrlt they have broken Tromife for the
Demiffion for the Spaniards now at the Entry of xht Arch e duke :) That in rei^
pedt of this Anfwere, her Majeflie for the prefent canne preffe them noe fur-
ther ; but will fend over now, to agree of the Tyme, Place, and Perfonns for
her felfe to Treate. In this manner you may cary your felfe, and for xht parti-
cular Conditions, yf he will lett fall any thing to you what he thine ks will be
required, you may heare yt-., but to feeme to underftand what the ^eene will
ft and upon, you may avoidyt: Only this, that floe will never yeald to any thing
that fly all be difl?morable.

Concerning the ^oint of Reinbourfement, I have perufed the State of the Debts,
and I do fynd ibme of good ancient Date, and therefore am eafily induced to
believe he will not be very quick in Payment; but liireJy yf the Debt might be "
payd by 1 00000 Pounds a Yeare, I would her Majeflie had geven after tenne in
the hundred to receave yt fo; or yf a leffe Somme of neceffirie, then fb ratiblie
for any Sommes flie fliali receave. Wherein, (according to your Sccretarie's

Speech e

Book II. Negotiation in France. 139

Spccchc with nic) I fynd her Majeftic well inch'ned to refcrrc iiic Offer to your An. iy9p.
Difcrction) .and with whom to dcale in that Nature, Ihe knowing that liichc Fa- ~^^V--w
ihions muft be followed in that Place.

I faw a particular Letter written to your Uncle Killegrew, wlicrein I fee you
have nn'imum revertendiy for which 1 cannot blarae you, but will to my power
aflifl: you; althoughe I may not allow all your Rcalons, for vjhere you thinck
you are of no nfc to her Majejiie, nether jhe nor the World hath caufe to thinck
fo^ nnlejfe yt be of me nfeto be well ferved^ when of necejfitie Jhe muft be fer-
ved. Thus have you anfwerc to the maine Poynts of your Letters, which I
protefl I could not fooner fend you, thoughe you will hardly hclcevc yt. But I
am of Opinion your owne Secretary will report unto you how bufy a tyme we
fynd yt. And thus with my affedionat Commendations to rriy Coien I take my
leave.

From the Court Tour affeBionate Kinfman^ Sec.

at JVhitehall. RO. C E C Y L L.

Mr. Secretary Cccyll to Sir Henry Neville,

My good Cofen, x8 T)ec. i')99>

I Have now fent over this Bearer with this Difpatche, to acquaint you with her
Majeftie's Proceedings in the matter of Treaty, having otherwife advettyfed
you before of all things neceflary. The States, whom her Majeftie made ac-
quainted with her purpofe to treate, have by Mr. Caron abfolutely refufed to
treate. Her Majeftie promifed (as you know) to lend over Word to the j^rf/^^-
duke upon that Anfwere, both when, and in what fort llie would treate ; accord-
ing to which Promife, now at laft her Majeftie hath fent Mr. Edmonds to him
with a Letter of Creditt, and with this Inftrudion : That he lliail impart unto
the Archeduke the States Refufall, that her Majeftie is forrie for yt, but cannot
compel! them; that now her Majeftie is refolved to appoint Commijfioners for
her felfe to treate. And in the matter, fyrft to propound unto him, whether
Commiflioners ihould not be fent hether unto her Majeftie, feeing he is a thyrd
Terfon in the Treaty, and under quallified to her as ^leene ^'/'England, that yt
was alfo once fo offered. Secondly, That yf fhe fliall treat in France as ^New-
trail, ftie muft fue and trouble the Frenche King for a Place ; the which (be-
fydes Confumption of Tyme) will be fubjedt to other Circumftances. Upon this
point her Majeftie hath willed him very formally to infift, but yet I thinck good
to let you know, he hath provifionall fecret Inftru^iions not to come away yf
they fliould utterly miflike yt, but rather to yeald to treat in France; and then
immediately after his DifJ3atch at Bruxelles, to make his Repayre towards you
at Tarts, and fo to the King: Where he hath Letters of Creditt likewife to him,
to demaund Bulloyne for a place neareft the Sea-coaft of England; with all
which Directions he is to make you particularly acquainted, and with all things
elfe. Till which tyme yovt may pleale to forbear to take any more notice of
this T articular to any body there : For Mr. Edmonds, that is imployed thether,
went away but on St. Stefhen^s, Day, and ftayes at Calais for a Paiteport from
Bruxelles for his fafe comming; fo as yt will be near zo Days before he can be
with your Lordihip there, yf they fliould by deniall , force him to go to the
King for the Meeting in France ; which (under Secrett be y t fpoken) the Queene
would fayne avoyde, becaiife Jhe would not have the Frenche King fend Commif-
Jioners. In fiiort this is all theSubftance of her Majeftie's fending, eyther publick-
ly or particularly in the matter ; fo as whatfoever you heare, yet believe that you
know all that is.

■ For Matters of Ireland they are as my Lord oiEjJex left them, and the Qiiene
fends over the Lord Moimtjoy as Deputy, with a good and powerfull Armye of

13 or

i^-O &r Henry Nevill'^ Book II.

^n. IS99- 13 01^ 14 thouland Men, but not with fuch /iiperjiuitie of extraordinarie Offi-
' cers as went before. For himfelfe, his Cafe and his Punifhement is at a ftand.
He hath bin very ficke, but is now well amended ; and thoughe I cannot certifie
you oi any other hard or fever e Courfe intended aga'mfi him, yet I aflure you
the ^ieene holds a very ftriB hand over him., and doth exceeding Iharpely
throw all her late Misfortunes upon him in Ireland; which thoughe yt was hea-
vy to him at his fyrft Apprehenfion, becaufe he had difobeyed her Commande-
ments, yet yt had Tome Qualification, becaufe his Lordiliip. alleaged, that the
Counfaill of Ireland had advifed him to that Jorney into Munfter, which did
overthrowe the Service ; which now they have all with one Voice utterly difa-
vowed, as a thing never perfwaded or allowed of by them. And thus in hafte
I end

From the Court Tour very loving Friend^

2.1 Richmond. RO. CEGYLL.

i/r Henry Neville to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Tarts 28* 'Dec. if 99. O. S.

According to your Honor's Diredlion, I have geven a Tajfefort unto this
Bearer Mr. Elliott ^ and have alfo delivered him for his Maintenance heers
(till your Direction came for his Jorney into England) SoCrownes, without
which he had not bin able to have fturred out of this Towne. I was willing to
give him this meanes to come unto your Honor, becaufe I have perceaved by
fome Conference with him, that he is able to difcover muche of the Enemies
Turpofes againft us. Her Majeftie and your Honor will be pleafed I hope to
give an Example in this Man, that may provoke others to offer the like Service
and Submiffion hereafter, wherein alfo my Creditt is ingaged, which I humbly be-
feeche you to have a regard of, that others may not be difcouraged from treat-
ing in like kind with me. I thinck not fitt to write any more by this Party, but
referre all other Matters to my Dilpatche, which Ihall be fent ihortly. And
fo, ^c.

Tour Honor' Sy &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir i-Ietiry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, i^Jan. i5'99. O. S.

Since my lad Letter unto your Honor, becaule I had not feene the King
a good while I tooke oecafion to pray Audience, thoughe I had no great
matter to deale with him of " At my Accejfe unto him, fyrft: I gave him
" Thancks for the Favour he fliewed to the EngUfomen which were taken by
" the Spaniards and brought to Br eft., afluring him that her Majeftie had recea-
" ved very great Contentment thereof, as of a certaine Argument of his Frend-
" ftoip and good Affection towards us, which fhe held more deare then the
" FrendJ}?ip of any otherTrince in the World; and that for her part, knowing
" that Amitie is preferved by the fame meanes yt is bredde, me would alio

ftrive to correipond in all good Offices towards him; as being afTuredly per-
" fwaded, that this good Union and Intelligence betwene them, would brcede

both Honor, Safetie, and Contentment unto them both. I faid, I doubted
" not but he was of the fame Mynd, and in that Confidence I would be bold to
*' remember him of fome Poynts wherein I conceaved there was fome Default on
" the part of his SubjecSts and Minifters, which I trufted he would give order to

" reform.

Book II. Ncgotiatmi in France. 141

*' reform, according to his good Intention which he had often declared iinto me. An. i5'99."

" Fyrll 1 told him, yt was an ordinary matter for his Subjecis to ferve in 1)nn-

" kcrkf Sliipps againfl: us, and that by meancs of their Skill and Knowledge of

" both Coaus, and the favorable ^a^/c and Retraici which they found in the

'' Havens and maritime Townes oi France, they had geven the Enemies oppor-

" tnnitie to do us muche more harme then otherwilc they could have done :

" Which being lb diredly contraric to the Treaties he hath with her Majeflic,

" and namely to that of 1596 made by himfelfe, I prayed him to do as muche

" for her Majeftie, as he had don for the King of Sj>ayne this laft Sommer in like

" caic, thoughe with lefTc Obligation by Treaty ; namely to revoke thofe ivhich

" "Jiere there, and to forbid ali other to ferve them any more, againfi the Sttb-

" Jeffs of the Greene my Miftrijfe. For the fecond, I prayed him to remember,

" that yt was more then a Yeere fince that her Majeftie, at the Inftance cheefe-

'• ly of his AmbafTador, had eftabltfloed an abfolute and fufficient Commijfion to

" hecre and determine marine Canfes, which had bin ferioufly travailed in, and

" good Juftice done to divers of his Subjedsj to the Contentment of his Ambaf^

" lador; as he had acknowledged to her Majeftie and her Counfail; that the like

" waspromifed to have bin eftablillied on his part from the beginning, yet that

" at my fyrft comming into France I found nothing don in yt; but that after

" fome Pourfute thereof made by me, yt plealed him at lengthe to graunt luche

" a Commiffion, which being taken to be as abfolute and as fufficient Power as

" the Queene's was, and that there wovild have bin no Oppofition in the Execu-

" tion of yt, there came fome over hither to pourfue a Complaint before thefe

" Commillioners againfl: ibmcof Crotoy ; and that entringinto theCaule, in the

" very beginiiing they found the Commiflion infufficient for want oi Verifica-

" tion in the feverallTarlamehts, and the Commiffioners Precepts were abfo-

'' luteiy refuled to be obeyed. That hereupon I had fued above three Moneths

" to have ji. verified only in this Var lament, which was fcarfe yet effected as

" yt fliould be; the poore Complaynants being driven to attend here in the

" meane tyme at an exceffife and unneceflary Charge, which would deterre all

" Qthers to come to fue for Jufl:ice heere, and fo hinder the good Intention both

" their Majefties had to reforme thofe AbufeSj, and to fettle agood Amitie and

" Agreement betwene their SubjecSts, by removing all fuche Caufes of Difference

" and Difcontentment :, Therefore I prayed him to give Commandement, that

*' the Commiffion fhould be verified, in all the Tar laments out of hand, and that

'' Juftice iliouid be miniftred with Expedition j to fuche as came to complaine.

" The King anfwered to the Thancks I gave him, that he would be ever found

" as ready as he had now bin, to give the Queene and her Subjects all good

' ' Contentment^ and that he hoped the Queene would now remitte her Anger

" flie had conceaved, bfecaufe he had not delivered her the Irijhmen which me

" demaunded." To that I could replie nothing, becaufe I neither knew what

he had anfwered the Queene in that point, nor what ihe had thereupon layd to

his Ambaffador. ' ' To the fyrft of my Demaunds, he faid he would do it with-

*' otit'Difpctiltie" for thofe were his Words; which I noted the rather, becaufe

I found Monfieur de Villeroy before fo peremptorie againft yt. " To the fe-

♦' cond he alfo promifed all Contentment, aithoughehe fayd the Proceeding ia

" England w^s nothing folide, but that he would do that which belonged to him

" notvvithftanding ; and the Fault, yf any were, fliould b^ on our fyde. Laftly,

" after his Anfwere to thefe Poynts, I told him. I muft be bold to put him in

*' mynd againe of her Majeftie's great Expence this laft Yeere, which was not

" like any whit to diminiih this Yeere, feeing the Trowbles of Ireland were in

" all appearance like to continue. And I therefore prayed him to remember his

" Promife made me at Bloys, to give her Majeftie fome ample Contentement of

" that flie had demaunded of him; and that he would Jhew himfelfe fuche to

" her iri her Occajions, as Jhe had bin to him in his, and not to blemiflie rhe

" glorious Memorie which he ihould otherwife leave to all Pofteritie with this

'" one Spott, to have too little regarded, or too ill rea^nited^ the worthy eft and

Co " faythfulleji

Sir Henry Neville

' faythfullefi Freend that ever Trynce had. And I prayed him to confidderi
' that by his dealing herein with her Majeftie, the World would ground a Judge-
' ment, how to efteeme and vallew his Frendjbipp towards others. In parti-
' cular, I defy red him to ftretne himfelfe to pay her Ibme round Som of Mony
' this Yearej that Ihe might be the better inabled to make a fliort end of her
" Trowbles, and have theleffe occafionto prefTe him hereafter. To this hean-
" fwered fliortly, that he was about yt, and would doe the uttermoft he could
" for her Majeftie's Satisfadion ; acknowledging himfelfe infinitely beholden to
" her, and that he would ever remaine her Serviteiir!' Then demaunding of
her Majeftie's good Heakhe, without any other Queftions or Difcourfe he dif^
miffed me, ( becaufe the Niinclo was likewife attending for Audience j willing
me to deliver a Note to Monfieur de Villeroy of the Points I had propofed,
which I have don accordingly.

Of the Duke of Savojye's Treaty with the King I cahne Wr^te you noe Cer-
taintie ; many Offers have bin made by the T>nke, but all fo, as he would not
depart with the Marquifat. They have bin fometimes at the very point to a-
gree, but after have broken off againe. Upon Munday laft the King went a hunt-
ing, leaving the 'Duke behynd him, and came not hither againe till yefternight.
In the mean time the Duke made iliew of muche Diicontentment, and as yf he
Would take his leave of the King as foone as he returned. Notwithftanding the
Opinion is, they will accord in the end to this EfFed; that the T>uke jhall re-
tayne the Marquifat, and rendre in exchange to the King all Brejfe, and the
Valley of Barcellonetta, and re-edifie at his oWne Charges Centall, a Frontire
Tovvne oiTrovence, which he had furprifed during thefe Warres, and demolifli-
ed. This Men gather, by reafon of the King's Dilpofition, which fecmes whol-
ly bent to take his Eafe and Pleafore, and to fhunne all Occafions that may di-
vert him from yt. On the other fyde, the Duke oi Savoy Ipeakes highe about
the leaving of the Marquifat, and layeth, he will rather make jt the Tombe of
himfelfe and all his Race. - By this your Honor may fee, that I conceaved aright
of thofe Overtures which I lignified were made by him at his fyrft comming,
wherin I wonder d.xoo the 'Duke 0/ Bouillon could be fo abufed, unles I fliould
thinck rather that he had a purpofe to abufe me in yt.

Our Advertifements of the Preparations in Spaine do ftill continue among
the Marchants which have relpondence there, who have lately receaved advile
not to be haftie in fending Ibme Commodities thither which they intended to do,
becaufe there is little Mony ftirring there, by reafon of the Fleete and great Pre-
parations which are now making there. Notwithftanding, the Gouvernor of
T)iepe told me yefterday, that he hath Newes that a Shippe of his which hath
bin detayned there the laft Yeere is now releafed abfblutely, and many other
likewife by the King's exprefTe Commaundement, the Adelantado refufing before
the Commaundement came, to difcharge any, but upon lufficient Bond to returne
to his Service, y f he did require yt. I fend you alfo iuclofed an Extrad of a Let-
ter out o^Spayne, importing the great Scarcitie of Mony and almoft impofhbilli-
ty of making any great Preparations ; yet as I fayd, the Marchants here have
contrary Advife, and the Opinion is, that the King of Spaine doth not intend
"Peace : But of that I doe aflure my felfe, your Honor hath better Meanes to
judge then they here. And for his Preparations, (which are the beft Difcouve-
rours of his Intention) I fuppofe your Honor is alfb very perfedly advertifed,
by fuch Meanes as I know you have imployed for yt: Yet I thinck yt my Duety
alfo to adde what I can learne or here thereof

The Irijhemen that hve in this Towne and the Low Countries, give out very
confident bruits, of the great Weakenes of her Majeftie's Forces there, and the
Strengthe of the Rebels ; of Tiron's Refolution to pourfue the F/arre, till he
have ejiablijijed the Catholique Relligion, and of his purpofe to approache the
Warre to the Gates of "Dublin. Their Intelligence y t feemes they receave from
fom Jefuits there, and namely from one Fitzfimon refyding in Dublin. Thofe
which are well alFeded to the Queene in thefe Parts, wijhe thefe trowbles end-
ed

Book 11. Negotiation in France. 143

cd 'With any Conditiens, laying that whatfoevcr flic graunt now to cflablifli licr An. ^5^9,
Peace, ilic fliall not want jufl: Pretexts to revoke wlicn llie is ready for yt ; and ~ ~
in the mcanc tymc they fay ihe fhall Iccure her Eftate, from the greateft diflio-
iiour and danger that yt was liibjcd' to fincc her Raignc. Thefe dilcourfes I can-
not rcfiile to hcare, proceeding as I ann perlwaded of good Affcdion, and I thinck
y t my Ducty to relate them, althoughc I know that her Majeftie is fo wife, as
llie needs no fuggeflions from hence, or any Place.

Our Advertilements here out of the Eaft Parts are, that the Cardinal Battory,
to whom the Prynce of Tranjyhmiia refigned his Country, is defeated in Bat-
tail by the JVayvode of Vallachia, and in his Flight drowned in a River he
fought to pajfe : And that the Treaty of Peace, bctwene xkizTurke and the Em-
feror., is relumed againe. Out of Germany we heare, that the Vroteftant
TrinceSf apprehending the dilhonour they receaved the laft Sommer, refolve to
recover their Reputation this Yeere ; and that fome other Princes which with-
drew theniielves thenj are now contented to joyne in the Action : Particularly,
that the Duke of Brwijwick is moft lenfible of the Dilgrace, and hath executed
divers of the Commaunders of his Troupes about yt. The Duke of Wirtten-
'berg upon a Jollitie, is gone to Rome to the Jubilee. There is like to be fomc
trouble againe about the Biilioprick of Strasbourg.

I was bold by my Secretary to moove your Honor againe about Charles Ta-
get, and upon the Report he hath made me of your Anlwere, I am bold now
once more to recommend y t unto you, being fully perfwaded he may be of very
great life unto her Majeftie's Affayres; and where llie may reape more advan-
tage by his reftoaring then his rejediing, I fliould thinck yt moft honorable
for her to do that, by which llie fliould receave moft good. Befydes he hath don
me many good offices here, hoping he might receave fom comfort by my Me-
diation unto your Honor. And many more will do the like to me, and thofe
that fliall fucceed, yf they fynd his courfe to fpeed well. But yf they once fee
wee have no creditt, nor power iio do them any good, they will all forfake us,
and deale noe further with us. Therefore fometimes to give a Minifter that grace,
cannot prejudice her Majeftie's Affayres, but rather further them. I humbly be-
leeche your Honor therefore at my fute, to moove her Majeftie once more about
Jhim. As for his Land which he feekes to be reftoared unto, yt is but a State for
his Lyfe which the Queene hath in yt, and yt is now let fince yt cam into her
Majeftie's Hands for lelTe then a hundred Pound: So that upon the matter that
which her Majeftie fliould depart with, would be but as a Penfion of fuche a va-
lew.

Touching the Enterview betwene g. 141- the Spanifti Ambajfador and me, I
heare noe more of yt. The Jealoufie belike is paft for this tyme, but yf the
like occafion be offred againe, now I underftand her Majeftie's Pleaftire, I will
imbrace y t, and gouverne my felfe as I am directed. My Secretary tells me, that
your Honor referres to my Difcretion the imploy ing o^x. dowlhiy. nwkmwchfz. khit
the Cordelier to Rome yf I thinck him faythfull. For that point I dare under-
take, for he is fecretly of the Relligion^ and meanes ere long to declare him-
felfe; and in the mean time is willing to do luche Service, as he may delerve
Ibmewhat to ftay himfelfe upon, when he fliall retyre hence. I do therefore de-
termine to ufe him, and will fend him away very fliortly in the Company of
eotduq. igthgowu the Patriarche.

For the Tra^ifes which I imparted to your Honor by my Secretary, I have a
very extraordinary meanes offred me of late to dilcover them, which I will com-
municate when I have a fitt MefTenger. In the meane tyme I humbly befeeche you,
that what I fhall wry te thereof at any tyme, may not be communicated but to
her Majeftie alone^ and that yt will pleafe your Honor, to referve thofe Letters
in your own Cuftody ; for feeing her Majeftie's gracious Pleafure is to have that
Confidence in me which your Honor wrytes, (for which I humbly kifTe her Roy all
Hands) I will indeavour with all Faythe and Dilligence to anfwere her Expe6ta-
tion, and to ferve her without refped of any hazard; and I hope I fliall be able

to

144 *S/r Henry Neville BookIL

An 15'oo.to difcover fomevvhat worth the knowing. This Day Monfieur d" Aliencourt
hath taken his Jorney towards Rome, to thanck the Tope for his Favour don the
King about his 'Divorce. In his way he is to vifitt the Gran duca, and his Niece
the Trinceffe, of whofe Matche with the King there is now frelhe Speeche
againe. Andfo, ^c.

Tour Honor's moft-, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

from the Lords of the Pf'wy Council tb Sir Henry ISIeville.

2^7* November 1599.

AFTER our hartie Commendations to your good Lordfliip. You ihallun-
derftand by the Petition we do now fend unto you, exhibited unto us by
her Majeflie's Subjedls, that do trade unto Rochell, that there is a fuddaine and
levere Courfe taken againfl them by them of Rochell, and fuch as is contrary to
the Treaties and Amitie betwene thofe tow Crownes. Yt feemeth ftraunge un-
to us, that fuch flridt Orders fhould be taken by that Towne againfl our Mar-
chants, which of all other Places hath bin moft beholding to her Majeftie and
unto the Cytie of London, Therefore we dowbt not but when the King ihall
be acquainted with the fame, yt will greatly be to his Mifliking, which her Ma-
jeflie's Pleaflue is you fliall at your next acceffe for Audience make knowen unto
him ; and how the fame is not only contrarie to the good Intelligence that is be-
twene the two Realmes, but diredtly againfl the Treaties ; and therefore to re-
quire him to give prefent Order, that this their uncivill Decree may be repealed,
and our Marchants permitted to trafficque and negociat their Bufmes by their Fac-
tors, and to abyde and remaine their as they have heretofore accuflomed, and
doe in Roan and in other Cityes of France, where they have entercourfe of
Trafltcque ; and not to be limited and reflrayned to a certaine tyme to fell their
Goods and difpatche their Bufinefs, which cannot but be greatly prejudiciall unto
them. We leave y t to your Care and Dilcretion to follicite this Matter (being of
Moment, and the prefident very prejudiciall) with that Inflance you fhall thincfc
fitt, and to certifie unto us the Order that the King fliall take to redrelle the
lame. So we bidd your Lordfliip very hartily farewell. From the Court at
Whitehall.

Tour very, 8cc.
Tho. Egerton, C. S. T. Buckhurst. Nottingham. G. Hunsdon.

Ro. North. Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescue. Jo. Popham.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, ^'^^ January iS99-

T T may appeare to you by my Letters by Mr. JVinwood, within what lymitts
i her Majeflie dire(3:ed you for Conference with the Spanijhe Amhajfador,
irom whom her Majeflie was and is contented you fliould receave any Ouver-
tures, fo yt be of his feeking and not yours. Concerning the Point for the Duke
of Savoy her Majeflie wifheth alfo that you fhould retayne the fame Obferva-
tions, for by hearing can her Majeftie receave no ^Prejudice-, neither is it incon-
venient, yf he will ff eme to make any ProfefTion of refped: to the Queene, that
you doe with dew Complements receave them; and profefTe, that you are fo well
acquainted with her Majeflies Mynd towards all Prynces that profefTe honorable
Regard towards her, as you both will be gladd to relate any good Office of his;
and dare aflume, that her Majeflie will be ready to requyte them with princely
Correfpondency. But Sir I feare the meane of this Ouverture hath his particular

Dryft

Book II. Negotiation in France. 14.5

Dryftiii this, to nourijh or create fomeT)iffida{cie, of which kind of Artifices An 15-99
you kuo'ji' he is very fuU. For any Ncwcs fincc my lad wc have here none, all
things being yet as my laft Difpatch left tliem. From Cdais only Mr. Edmonds
wrote to nic, that he had receaved a Taffport from Bruxelles, with which he
paffcd from thence the x ' of January, fo as he is long fence there. And thus for
this tyme I committ you to God.

Tour loving Kin/eman, 8cc.
From the Court. r O. C E C Y L L.

Sir Henry :^eville u Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

I^ight Honorable-, Tar is 14^'^ oi January iSS9^ O. S.

I Wrote unto your Honor in my lafl:) that I had light upon a very extraordi-
nary Meanes to dilcover the Pradiles x. rf in m. 1 75' Scotland. And furely
I doe for my part, acknowledge yt to proceede from the fame miraculous Fa-
vour of God which he hath io often fhewed towards her Majeftie, being other-
wife a thing that noe Witt nor Induftry of Man could have projedted, the matter
is this. One of the x.tw&.st ktbpuq.gtudie g-i^-O Referendaries to the
'Po_pe of principall Creditt and Eftimation, wrote a Letter unto Iby.mhskmsd
an Italian in this Towne whom he hath knowen long, whereof this is an Ab-
ftradt which I fend here inclofed, for as muche as concerns that Matter. The
Party, having been 7 or 8 Yeares in England, and bearing fome AfTeition to
our State, and perhaps loking for fome Reward ; but efpecially as I conceave
guided by the very hand of God, and by the happy Defliny of her Majeflie,
came to me, and communicated the whole Letter unto me, offring to entertayne
the Matter yfl Would, and to reveale from tyme to tyme unto me the whole
Proceeding in y t. I embraced the Ofler very willingly, as I had caufe ; and the
better to enable him to make fuche a Relation of England as might give them li-
idnp' of him, and induce them the rather to imploy him, I have furnifhed hiih
with fome Notes which he hath already fent away, offring his Service further as
they iliall pleafe to command yt. He makes full accownt to be ufed in this Bufi-
nes: By meanes whereof wee iliall be able to dilcover their whole DefTeines,
which fiirely are worth the barkening after, and further advanced I feare then
is conceaved. I have promyfed the Party, yf he performe what he pretends, that
he iliall be rewarded according to the Importance of the Service. In the meane
tyme he Iliall receave fome remembrance from me, to intertayne him in good De-
votion to pourllie yt. This Party is Nephew unto one q.kcgitblgt Tortinariy
who fome tyme ferved her Majeftie as an Engeynier in the beginning of her
Raigne, and wrote a Booke (as this Man tells me) of the meanes to reduce Ire-
land to perfed; obedience ; which was written out in this Man's Hand, and deli-
vered unto my Lord your Father, when he was Secretary. I befeeche you to
infert tliefe Charadters following into your Cifre, r. 163 to ferve for the Fryar
whom I imploy; /. 163 for the Tarty from whom I had this inclofed Letter ;
and m. 177 for Roome, for of thefe I iliall have often occafion to wryte hereaften
This Negotiation being once begoune, I may manage yt as I will, and therefore
I defyre that yt would pleafe your Honor to give me liiche Diredlions as you
ihall thinck fttt for my proceeding in yt. I have not yet hard of Mr. Edmonds
fince he went from Calais, yf I have noe Newes of him this Weeke, I Iliall ima-
ginne him to be returned into England; but otherwife yf the Treatie proceed
heere, and yf your Honor commes over about yt, (as all Men conceave you
iball) I fliall take yt for a great Honor yfl may be permitted to wayte upon yoia
wherefoever yt be: Which I thinck I may very well doe, for here will be noe
fuche great Bufines for me in the meane tyme, but that I may be well inou^h fpa*-
red. I hope Captayne Elliott be long ere this arry ved in England, I dilpatch-

Pp ed

j'^6 ^ir Henry Nevillj Book IL

An. i5'99. ed him hence the Morrow after our Chryjimas-day. I fend here indofed the fe-
• cond Bill of Exchange to Corfiuh for the 5000 Crowns he is to pay her Majeftie.

The King and the Duke of Savoy are not yet accorded, they rather feeme to
grow every day the farther off! Prefently after his Departure, the King intends a
porting Jorney to Calais-, and the Frontier Townes thereabouts : And towards
the Springe Men talke already of a Jorney io\L'ions and Mar fellies., fuppofing the
Treaty of Marriadge with the Princes of Florence will be well advanced by that
tyme. I heere that Monfieur de Syllerie fhall goe to Florence about yt, prefent-
ly after the Arrival! of Monfieur d' Aliencourt at Roome. By my next I hope
to fend you the Conclufion of this Treaty for the Marqtiifat-, or that yt is bro-
ken of ; but I think rather the former, for what fiiews foever they make to the
contrary, I alTure my felfe they both defyre an accord.

I have foUicited Monfieur de Villeroy for fome Refolution in the Poynts I pro-
pofed to the King in my laft Audience, but he excufeth himfelf yet upon this o-
ther Bufines with the Duke of Savoy. Yf herMajeftie would be pleafed to wryte
unto the King fomewhat earneftly about the Mony, I veryly thinck fome good
would be donne: In the meane tyme I will not defifl to urge yt as I may.

The Lord Hume, who was gon out of this Towne towards Italie (as he pre-
tended,) is retourned againe, and as I learne hath bin at Brtijfells. Yt is more
then tow Moneths, fince I was advertifed that he was reconcyled (by Tarfons's
interpofing) with the Earle Bothwell. I did not then much creditt yt, but this
Journey of his to Bruffels, where Bothwell is, makes yt more probable ; be-
fydes the Confirmationl receaved lately of yt by a Scottijb Nobleman here. Yf
this Reconciliation be true, there is aMyftery in yt, and yt is not donne iivith-
oiit the Trivitie <?/£ 15-0 the Scots King., for there are non greater with him
then the Lord Hume., and his Uncle Sir George Hume. In fumme Sir by all Ad-
vertifements I receave, I fynd a great Concurrence towards fome Alteration in
thofe Tarts., and many are wonne to the adverfe Syde ; which will not de-
clare themfelves till the infant, and in the meane tyme hold falfe Fellowfoip
with our Syde, to doe the greater harme. I hope to dilcover moredayly. And
foe, ^c.

Tour Honors very., 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable., Tarisrs'^Jan.i^^^.O.S.

I N C E my laft, which I fent by my Brother Tre lawny, I have difpatched
_ r. 163 the Fryer mentioned in my lafl Letter q.ic. m. 177 to Rome. Be-
fore his Departure I cawfed him to make ftreight Acquaintance with fom dociiud
Scottes heere, whom I fufpedted to be Pra&izers in the Bufines I have fo often
Written of; which was eafie for him to doe, becaufe they perceaving the Creditt
he had with z. eotduy. hem sort the T atri arch , were very glad to becom
inward with him, hoping to make good ufe of him towards the other I laft men-
tioned. In this Confidence (he having governed himfelf difcreetly, and leeming
very zealous and paflionat in the common Caufe) they have opened themfelves
in geneiall termes very farre unto him, and confirmed all that I have hereto-
fore advertifed, and have given him Letters of fpeciall Recommendation to
Rome. The Letters he brought to me, which I perufing, I tooke Copie of one
of them which I fend here inclofed, fynding yt to import more then the reft.
And perceaving that the Wryter had willed his Freend to communicatt their Ci-
fre unto him when he came there, I caufed him, under Pretence of his Defyre to
wryte from Lions, where x. dowgmq. igtlgow the Tatriareh was to make
fom Stay, to demaund a Cifre of him; whereupon he gave him the very lame
that he had ufed in his Letter, by meanes whereof I cam to read yt : which I have

the

Book 11. Negotiation i?i France. . 147

the rather noted to your Honor, tliar you may Judge by this Beginning, both o^ An. 1599.
hisDcxtcritic and Faychfulncs. I have willed him to certifie what he can learne
both by tixjiiz,. fxvhLfxhz Scots, with whom he is like to have great Confidence
by rcafon of the Commendation he carieth, and likcwife hy y.ljtwmdukmat
the Iiiglijh, of liiche Poynts as I have given hiai Inftruitions of. And yf any of
them Jyft to wrytc hither, I have willed him to offer his Meanes of conveying
their Letters, which they will never diftruft; and tliereby their Letters will fall
into my Hands : So that befor May-Tiay, I am in hope your Honor jhall
kno'-jj the ve>y Sccrett of their 'Dejfciiies. I have geven him for his Jorney and
Maintenance for a tymc t^ ^- Sterling, and befydes furnifli'd him of a Horfe
which coft 15-/. I have promifed him 150 Crowns a Yeerc while he remaynes
there ; and upon his Rcturne, when he fliall be mynded to declare himfelfe, I
have undertaken that her Majeflie will beftowc a Prebend or fom fuche other
Meanes of Maintenance upon him to live upon, i^o he performe this Service fayth-
fully. In pcrufing the Names for the which he ufeth Speciall Charadlers in the
Ciffre, I fynd of Englijhe thefe contayned in the Note enclofed: Her Majeflie,
your Honor, my Lord of .E/Z^-x, my Lord Admirall, "Lox^ WiUoughby., Lord
Hjaifdon, Lord Cobham, Lord Treafourour, Earl of Northumberland, Sir John
Fortcfiue, Sir JValter Raughky-, the Englijh AmbaHador, Sir Henry Broomky,
Mr. Baco7t, Father Tarjbns, Do6tor Cecylle, Henry ConJIable, Bijhop a Preeft,
'Mr.'Pagett, the Englijhe College at Rome. I humbly pray that this wholeMat-
ter may be kept very fecrett, for yf the leafl Vent of it com Abroad, y t will both
endaunger his Life I ufe, and difapoynt as likely a Meanes to difcover thofe Pra-
<5tizes as can be imagined ; which I aff'ure your Honor, ii^on Concurrence of ma-
ny Advertifements, to be farre advanced, and that they ex^e5i undowbtedly a
Jpeedy EffeB of them. The Author of the Letter, labouring of late to feduce a
young Nobleman to Popery ( as he is a very great Intermedler in this Bufines )
when he could not prevayle by Realbn, told him playnly. That within few
Tears, and pojfbly within few Monet hs, he would rep e7it himyfhe refufed to
hecom Catholique. There is continually ^r^*;?^ Confultation and Meetings held
at f. i5'4 the Scotch Ambajfadof s Houfe about yt, at which are prefent, theWry-
ter of the Letter, the Earle oi Crayfurd, his Brother lately come out of Scot-
land, the Lord Hume, John Elfefion Brother to the Secretary, and fom others.
They are very confident, and fpeake bigg, that they will have theMaffe /;^ Scot-
land ere many Monet hs. They ftay only for theMony from m.rjy Rome: I
hope to get Knowledge both when and which way yt comes. Yf f 15-0 the
Scots King be not too farre imbarked in thefe Matters, the reft will eajily be
prevented, receaving fuch Information^ as I hope we Jhall, from tyme to tyme
of their Proceeding. And fo, ^f .

Tour Honor's very, 8cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

s

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, ^6* Jan. iS99- ^- ^'

INCE my Brother Trelaunie's Departure I was with Monfieur deVilleroy,
^^ to foUicit the Refolution and Difpatch of thofe three Points I had dealt with
the King in, whereof I gave Advertifement in my Difpatch hy Bouchard. " To
" the fyrfl he fayd, the Proclamation the King made this laft Sommer to revoke
" his Subjeds from the States Service, was generall, to all fuche as ferved any
' ' forraine State without his Licence ; more particular Declaration he might
" not make ; and with that we might very well be fatisfied. I told him 1 could
" never obtaine a Sight of that Proclamation, althoughe I had ufed meanes both
" to the Qhauncellor and others for yt, the Copies being all taken into his own
" Hands, and therefore defyred yt might be communicated unto me. He fayd

148 Sir Henry Neville" BookIL

^n. 15-99. " yt iliould be fent to Monfieur Boijife to lliew her Majeflie:" But I feare he
will play falfe in yt, for I had once a Sight of yr, thoughe I could not be permit-
ted to take a Copy ; and I remember no generall Revocation^ but only particu-
lar, to thofe which were in the States Service. But the bed is, yf the Peace
proceed, this will not be greatly materiall to be flood upon. " To the fecond
" Point oi verifying the Commijjlon, he fayd yt fliould be donne in thofe y^r-
" /^»f?£';/;^j- whole Jurifdidions reached to the Sea Co aft, for the reft he thought
" yt needful]. But hereupon he fell to exclaime more bitterly then ever againft
" our Nation for the Piracies they committ dayly at Sea (for fo he termes yt)
" agm-iR the Frenche, and faid they had continual Co mplaynts of yr, andname-
" ly of fom of theirs fpoyled and thrown over-board by fome of our Marchants
" Ships in the Levant Seas', almoftas farre as Tripoli, and towards Confianti-
" nople, and fom upon the Coaft of ^(^ri'/zri^; and that yf there were no better
" Order taken, il en aviendroit du mal. I told him yt was poftible, there might
" be fome evill dilpoled Perfons of our Nations, as well as of theirs and others,
" that to gaine, would adventure the Breache of any Law: But as long as they
" found her Majeftie fo willing to do Juftice upon fuche Offenders, they had noe
" reafon to charge her with yt, either in Honor or otherwife: But let thgm
" make Proofe of thefe Accufations, and they fliall lee the Offenders punillied
" with all Rigour according to Juftice. Nay, fayd he, yt is that we moft com-
" plaine of, for we can get no Juflice done in England, and repeated the Words
" point du tout twile or thrice. Then I faid I perceaved the Informations he
" had receaved proceeded more of Paflion then Truth, and that I would difprove
" them." And therewith I pulled out the Certificat I receaved from the Com-
mijfwners, of the Caufes they had done Juftice in fmce my comming over, which
being in Latin, I delivered him to reade. When he had read a little of y t, find-
ing yt to be very particular, and to carry good Creditt, he defned me to give him
a Coppy of yr, that he might fend it to their Ambaftador, for he had receaved
Contrary Information from him. But by this meanes he began to be calmer then
before, and faid, " he did afllire himfelf of her Majeftie's princely Dilpofition tp
" have Juftice done, but he feared it was hindred by fome of her Minifters, that
*' either had Intereft in thefe Matters themfelves, or favoured thofe that had. I
" prayed him to confirme that Perluafion he had, of her Majeftie's princely In-
" tention that way; and to be further afllired from me, that her royal Purpole
-" being knowne, there was no Minijier of hers, that ether durfi or could im-
" peach it. But they muft not meafure Juftice by the partiall Report of the
" Parties, nor the paffionate Information of luch as would be paied with no Rea-
" ion. Yf they would have Patience, and fuffer Matters to have their due Ex-
" aminations, I would undertake they iliould have abfolute Juftice in the end.
" And to that purpofe I ofJred to imploy all the Credit and Meanes that my
" Place did aflorde me, provided they did here correfpond with the like to-
" wards us I, for otherwife we were not more obliged in Juflice or Honor to
" them, then they to us. After this we Ipake of the third Point touching the
" Money, wherein he acknowledged (as he had often done before) that the
" King was bound to have a great regard of her Majeftie's Occafions, and to
*' give her all the Satisfaction his Eftate would beare. But what that was he
" knew not, as not medling at all with his Finances, nether had the King made
" knowen his yet Purpofe unto him. I preiTed much that I might receave an An-
*' fwere, for tliat it might import her Majeftie much for fome of her Refolutions.
" And I prayed him to remember, x}a:3X.{v^zeyNevs\'Sid,e{o fir eight Alliance with
" France, the Trojit and Benefit of it had bin wholly theirs, and the Charge
" and Burden ours. And it muft be confelfed that the Queene my Miftris had
" difcharged the part of a true and perfed: Friend and Confederate, and that her
" Succours had been a principall Caufe of the Prefervation of this Eftate. That
" now they were in Peace and Reft, and we in Warre, her Majeftie was to looke
" for fome Recompence of her Kindenes, and fome Fruit of tfie Alliance. That
" leiTe could not be expedted by her, nor oifred by them, then that which ihe

" demaunded.

Book 11. Negotiation in Trance. 149

' demaundcd, which was but the Rcpaicmcnt of lorac of that Money which flie ^n. i S99'
' had fo frankcly lent the King, and disburfcd for him in his great Ncccffitic. --/
' Yf this were denied, Ihc could httic hope for any greater matter ; and /he
' Jhoitld have j lift Caufe giucn her to repent her^ that Jhe had left a more an-
' cient and conftant Amitie to embrace this-, 'wherein there was lejfe Jffti-
' ranee" I iliewed him the Note of the Debt fincc thcYcare 158 1, which a-
mounts to a million and three hundred and forty thouiimd Crownes, or there-
about. " I required that all above a million might be paied this Yeare, which
" being done, I was in hope her Majeflie Ihouldbc inabled to make lb good an
" end of her Bufines, as ihe Ihould have lefTe ncede to importunate the King here-
" after, and would perhaps be contented to receavc the reft with more Comnio-
•' ditie to him. I remembred unto him alfo, that the AHlgnations which were
" made unto her Majeftie of the Cuflomcs oiRoiien and Newhaven, were found
*• as he had anlweared, to be engaged before to others^ which among private
" Men had bin a mxtiox mala fidei. And therefore that the King was doubly
" bound in Honor, either to configne thofe into her Hands, according to his
" Contrad:, or to content her fome other way. To all this he anfvveared, he
" would relate my Speech to the King, and give me fuch Anlweare as he fhould
*' be commaunded.

The next Day I went to Monfieur de Rofii, and repeated in effed what I haci
before faid to Monfieur de Villeroy, and added, ' ' that I was perfwaded God had
" not advanced him to that place of Honor and Authoritie that he beares in this
*' Kingdome only for his owne Good, but to the end alfo, that both the King's
" Subjeds and AlUes of the Religion, iliould reape fome Fruid: and Comfort by
" it. That no Man knew better than he, how profitable her Majeflie's Frend-^
" fliip hath bin both to the King's Eftate in general!, and to theCaufe of Religion
" in particular; and that ilie thought fhe might chalenge thereby an lutereft in
" him, and thofe which were afFeded that way. I prayed him not to difappoint
" her Exped:ation, and feeing he had fo good an Occafion offied him to gaine
" the Freindlhip of a great PrincefTe, (which had both Power and Will to requite
" them that deferved well of her,) I prayed him not to negled: it, for it could
" not but be of great ufe to him in all Events. I put him in mynde of that him-
" felf had told me, that yf the Spanifh Army had come on this lad Sommer,
" the King had willed him to make fliift for 300000 Crownes to have fent to
" her Majeflie; and I faid, he was much better able to do it now then at that
" tyme, having theRevennue of this Yeare to come in, and that her Majeflie's
" Occafions to ufe it were nothing lefTe ; and therefore prayed him to be a means
" fhe might enjoye now, that good Satisfadion intended her then. His An-
" fweare was full of good Wordes and Refped towards her Majeflie, and in kind-
*' er fort then his manner is. But he faid he thought the King could not de-
" part with fo great a Summe^this Yeare, yet afTured me he would do what lay
" in him, to further her Majeflie's Contentment." In the end he difcovered a
matter unto me, which I perceave hath lyen upon his Stomack fome tyme. " He
" faid, he underflood the ^eene was offended, that * his Brother did not fee
" her when he came ihrov^ England, whereof he faid he was the caufe. For
" when he underflood that the ^eene had refufed to fufler him to performe the
" Ceremony for the Kings Inftallation, as it was intended; he, conceiving it
" grew upon fome "Diflike or Mefprife (for fo he termed it) of his Brother or
" him, had written unto him to returne fome other way. And added, that for
" the Performance of fuch a Ceremony, his Brother might very well have bin ac-
" cepted; for tho' there were many richer in i^r^^^f^ then they, yet there were
" few of better Houfe or Bloud, being defi ended of a King ofYt^nacQ. I told
" him the matter was never diredly propounded to her Majeflie, nor refufed by
" her. But their AmbafTador having lett fall fome doubtfuU Speeches, as yf the
" King meant to difcharge that Ceremony by one that fliould doe it obiter, and

* Monfieur de Bethitnes.

Q_q " not

i^o &V Henry Neville Book II.

^;^. 15-99." not be fent ptirpfely: Yt was wiflied by fome of his Majeftie's Counfail to
' whom he fpake it, that the King would not wit -greater negleEi in it then his
' Tredeceffors had done, who had allwaies fent folemnly and purpofely about
" it. And that if the Queene were grieved that he faw her not in his Paflaae
"' through England, it was only hecaufe ilie was deprived of the meanes to doe
" him that Honor which flie intended to do him, for hisRefpedt; of whofe
" goodwill and AfFedtion to her Affaires, fhe doth as much defire to be afTu-
" red, as of any Mans in France. He toke my Speech well, and feemed to be
" very well farisfied, and prayed me to affure her Majeflie, that he was her
" humble Servant, and )vould be as glad to do her any acceptable Service as to
" his owne Mafler. Notwirhllanding I dare not affure you of any great Summe
" this Yeare, but fome reafonable Portion I hope will come about Midfommer,
" and fooner I doubt there will be nothing had, for the King will receave the
" firfl: Quarter himfelfe.

The matter of the Marqitifat of Saluces is not yet accorded. The King de-
maunds fo much in Exchange, as the laft Speech hath bin, that the "Dtike would
rather yeeld up the Marqutfat upon fome Conditions concerning Geneva., which
the King yet refufeth abfolutely to aflent unto ; fo as the Opinion was, within
thefe two Dayes, that the Duke would depart without any Agreement. But Ye-
Iterday and this Day they have mett againe, but concluded nothing that is yet
knowen. The T>tike hath caufed fome to be Ipoken with, that he underftands
have Accefle to me, to learne certainly whether the ^leene intendeth in truth to
make T'eace with Spaine or no. I fuppofe he jm^ginQS., yf that King hadTeace
with us, he might be the eajilyer drawen to embrace his 'Defence. But other
Motion, or Offer of any Complement he hath not made unto me, therefore I re-
frayne likewife to do any to him ; interpreting her Majeftie's Commandementand
Diredtion, in your Letter of the 9* oijaii. in that Sence: And the like for my
Conference with g. l^^ the Spamjh Ambaflador, from whom I have had no more
llnce the fyrft Motion by d. 100 the Duke de Bouillon.

X\\€ Spanijh Ambaflador hath delivered lately 54 Articles of Doleances to the
Counfail here, moft of them touching the King's Intelligence under-hand with
the States-., and namely, his Toleration oi their Tlacard againft trading into
Spaine, and their aBiiall impeaching of it.

There are AmbafTadoi-s come hither both from the Marques of Brandebotirg,
and the Cardinall of Lorrain ; ech feeking to winne the King's Favour, or at
leaft not to have him averle, in their Contention about the Biflioprick of Stras-
bourg. Which being once compofed, by an arbitrary Sentence of the Emperor's
which devided the Profitt and Revennue betwene them, is now revived by thofe
of Lorraine, that are not fatisfied with the Partition, but would enlarge their
Portion.

The Treaty betwene the Tnrk and the Emperor is continued by fome Per-
fons, that goe betwene the Governors of the Emperor's Frontiers, and Effraim
Bajfa; but there are no Deputies yet afTembled about it. The laft Meeting was
broken, upon a feare the Deputies had conceaved ech of other, of fome Trea-
chery intended, and not upon any Difficulties in the Treaty, or Commandement
of their Mafters; fo as it is probable they may come to fome Accord. But the
Chriftians complayne, that during this Parle of Peace, the Tartares, by the'
Turke's Procurement, have entred Upper Hungary and done great Spoyle there,
and carry ed away many Prifoners, which they require to be reftored before they
enter into farther Treaty. Of tJhe Revolt in Caramania, we heare that the
Heads of the Rebellion, having by their Infolencies and Oppre/Tions loft the
Harts of the Multitude, which favoured them at the firft, have bin fince forced
by the Bajfa that purfued them to quitt the Field, and to betake themfelves to
fome Townes where they are now befieged. So as it is thought that Matter
will have a fpeedy end, or rather that it is ended allready. The Georgians, who
it was conceaved vVould have ftirred likewife upon fuch an Opportunity, have
kept themfelves quiett, and moved not at all.-

This

Book II. Negotiation in France. 151

This King ludi taken it very ofTcnfivcly at the States Hands, that their y^,;. 15-op.
Shippcs of Wane have (laid certaine />■<?//<:/; Shi_pj[>esx.\rxx. were going into Calais ^y^~v~^
laden with Salt and Wine, which they reflifc to releale till they have paied a cer-
tain Exadion which tliey_ require, under the Name o'i Licences. The Reafon
that moves the States to luch a Rcfolution, I undcrfland to be this: They fynd
that the Provinces fubjed to the Archednke^ have fought to cftabliih at Ca-
lais a Staple of all Commodities which they want, and which they were wont to
be furniflit of from Holland and Zeland; and upon that Hope principally, they
adventured to breake of all Commerce with the United '■Provi;:ces, which other-
wife they could not have wanted. And they are perfwadcd, that yf they be dif-
appointed of that meanes of furnifliing themfelves from Calais., they will be in-
forced to reiiewe the Commerce, and take Licences of the States., as heretofore
they have done; which will be very beneficiall unto them, and make them the
better to lubfift in their Defence. And having dealt with the King to be con-
tented with it, and finding him and his Counfail abfolurcly to rcfufe it, (though
the lad King as they fay gave fecret Confent unto it) they have taken a Rcfolu-
tion to impeach this Stable at Calais of themfelves, or at lead they intend to ex-
ad that Commodity by meanes of it, which they know they fliould make other-
wife. The King and his Counfail have bin very bitter with their Agent here
about it, and threaten not only to withdrawe the French which are there, and
all other Affiftance, but to declare Warre agahifi them., and to baniili them whol-
ly from trading in France. Notwithftanding, I do not finde but they meane to
perfift in their Courfe : And thefe Men beginne to be more calme fas their Na- *

ture isj finding the other refoltite, and are contented to hearken to fome Ou-
vertures of devyding the Profitt that iliall be made of thefe Lycences. Monfieur
de Villeroy in Ipeech of this matter with r. 165- the States Agent, faid tht^ieene
would have attempted fuch a matter, to have barred the King's Subjeds from
trading into S_paine, by Haying and taking them at Sea; but that the King would
not endure it, and would rather have declared Warre againft her; which Speech
I could not but note, and thought good to advertife.

I received a Letter from the Lords of the Counfail of the 17* oi November,
but not delivered me till the 6"^ of January, wherein their Lordlliips will me to
deale with the King about the Proclamation of the Rochellers, forbidding any
En'^lijloman to remaine in their Towne above four Moneths. Before I moved
the King in the matter, I thought good to fpeak with a Gentleman that remaines
here in Court continu.al}y for the Affaires of them oiRochelle and others oi the
Religion of "Toi5iou ; w4io underftanding of it, hath given me fome hope of ac-
commodating the matter otherwife, and prayed me to forbeare to deale with the
King in it, till he had written and receaved Anfweare from Rochelle, for which
he required 20 Dales. The Terme is almoft expired, and if I receave not Con-
tentment by his Anfweare, I will prefently move the King about it. From Mr.
Edmonds I have heard nothing fmce he went from Calais ; but I heare by other
meanes, that he hath had twile or x}{\x\ctAtidience, is very well entertayned, and
ihall accompany the Archduke to Cambray. The King is advertifed from his
AmbalTador in that Court, that the Queene defires to have that Treaty in Eng-
land, but that they will not yeeld, but defire rather to have it here in France. I
fend your Honor here inciofed a Letter I receaved from Bayonne. And io I hum-
bly take my leave.

Tour Honor's moji, dec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

Sir Henry Nevill*? Bookll.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

SIR, " Tar'is t-j^'^Jan. \$<)^. O. S.

IT may pleale you to remember that I wrote unto you from Blois, in Recom-
mendation of one John Mangas of Olone, who complained, that a Shippe
of his called la Catholique-, was taken by one Mr. Morgan^ and detayned con-
trary to a Sentence given by the Commiffioners in his Favour. As he reports
his Caufe, it caryeth a very evill Shew of apparent Injuftice, and gives an evill
Tafte of our Proceeding here. Theire be Ibm Men of Quahtie interefled in the
Caufe, which lett not to Ipredd their Difcontentment to our Diladvantage. I
have written to the Commiffioners the State of the Complaint, as he reportes it,
and have prayed them to cleere her Majeftie's Honor and their owne Reputations
in it. I befeech your Honor to recommend the Caufe earnejily unto them, that
all Mouthes may be flopped, and her Majeftie's Proceeding may be juftiiied to
be, as it hath bin alwaies, mofl juft and princely. So ihall I have alfo the bet-
ter occafion to urge Satisfaction in the behalf of her Majeftie's Subjedts that be
grieved in the like kinde. And fo fliall the Amitie lb much defired, betwene
their two Majefties and their Subje<5ts be beft prefervcd. And thus I humbly take
my leave.

Tour Honor's wry, &c, .

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts 17* Feb. 'iS99- O. S.

1 Shall not neede to trouble your Honor much at this tyme, feeing this Gen-
tleman was prefent at thofe Audiences I had fmce his comming, and can ve-
ry lufficiently relate what pafled between the King and us in them. For ihtTlace
required for the Commiffioners to meet in, it is very frankely accorded, with of-
fer ofDie^e ot Abbeville if we lift; becaufe it is conceaved Bollogne will icarce
aflbrd good Commoditie for the Trayne. The King had conceaved a Jealoufy,
as yf we had intertaigned him but with Shewes of Formalities, and had bin agreed
in the meane tyme in the Subftance of the Treaty, which he feemed to take of-
fenfively ; but in the end both he and his Counlail remayned well fatisfied. At
our firft Audience., upon frelh Advertifement brought me of the Proceeding of the
Pradtize to bannifli our Clothes, I dealt dire6tly with him in it, becaufe I had re-
ceaved but a flight and doubtfull Anfweare from the Chancellor and Monf Ville-
roj/j when I fent unto them about it. His Anfweare was good, " that I had not
" feene him hitherto to do any thing raftily (to the Prejudice of his Allies, nor
" fhould notfinde to do yt hereafter, efpecially towards herMajeftie, to whom
*' he renewed his former Profeffions, and promifed that I fhould be made ac-
*' quainted and heard before any thing were concluded. But withall, he Ipake
" fomewhat of the Neceffitie of his People, which he was bound to regard, and
" complayned of the Wrongs done by our Nation to his Subjedts, and want of
*' Juftice when Pourfute is made." To the latter Point, both my felfe anfwered
as I had done before to Monfieur de Villeroj, and Mr. Edmonds particularly re-
lated what had palTed betwene my Lords of the Counfail and his AmbafTador at
a Conference purpofely held about thofe Caufes. Many Difcourfes he had with
us, of the Wants and IVeaknes of Spaine, of the NeceJJlties of the Archduke,
of the Duke of Savoy, of the Scottijh King, and of fome other Points, which I
leave to him to relate.

' ' At our fecond Audience I remembred him againe of his Promife to give her Ma-
" jeftie fome Contentment in the matter of his Reiraburfement, and urged an

"Anl\vere;

Book II. Negotiation in France. 153

" Anfwcrc; flicvvinc> thai the Delay of it was alimoft as prejudicial! to her Ma- An. 1599.
" jcflie as the Relulall, and ufiiig the bcfl: Reaibns I could to move him to take
" fbmc ferious Confidcration of it. His Aniwcre was, that his Counfail had bin
" very biify about this Negotiation with the Duke of Savoy., but he would now
" commaund them to intend it Icrioufly." Notwithftanding, the Duke oi Bou-
illous, Speech to Mr. Edmonds promilcth but little Satisfadion. His many
InterlocLitoric Speeches of his Jorney to Calais, and Inclination to fee her Ma-
jcjlic-, and of the Newes he had that Morning receaved from his Ambaflador
touching my Lord of Ejfex, I leave unto Mr. Edmonds ; as alfo many other
Particulars of his Conference with thefe Men here, and oi rhc Spanijh Ambaffa-
dor comming to my Houfe, and his Difcourfe with us ; Affuring my feJf I can-
not commit them to a better Relation then his. And my felf having an Infir-
mity in my hearing growen upoil me, which caufcd me to loofe much of that
which was faid.

For the matter between the Duke of Savoy and the King, we heare that this
Day they arc accorded, That the "Diike fliall within two Moneths either ren-
der the Marqnifat, or deliver in exchange Brejfe^ and the reft which I have
heretofore fignified. I receaved lately your Honor's Letter of the 18* of Janu-
ary, by which I am inftrudied what to anfwere if I be dealt with about the Cora-
plaints exhibited by the i*r^;/f^ Ambaflador ; but no Man fpeaks yet to me of
any llich matter. This Gentleman is well furnifli'd with all the Occurrents that
this Court yeeldes. Therefore with Hemembrance of my humbleft Duty, I con-
clude and reft ^

Sent by Mr. Tour Honor's mofi, &c.

Edmonds. HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville /o Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Rifrht tio'mrable, ~ Taris ^o* February 1599, O. S,

I Send this MefTenger exprefTely, airid with as much fpeed as I can, to lett your
Honor underftand, that yefterday there arrived here two Curriers one after
another, with great fpeede out of Spayne: And I am fecretly informed, that
they brought Newes ether that the King q/'Spayne is dead, or defperately jick.
I cannot abiblutely lay it is true, but I receaved it from a good hand, and one
nere about the King, which makes me bold to advertife it with Ipeede. I will be
carefull to underftand the Truth, and if I learne certainly ether Confirmation or
ControUement, I will dilpatch another MefTenger prefently.

The Duke of Savoy is this Day gone out of this Towne towards his owne
Country, and hath tyme till the end of May, to refolve whether he will render
the Marquifat, or the Exchange required of him ; having bound himfelf by a
Writing figned by himfelf, to do ether the one or the other in that tyme. The
King I heare hath taken fome Tiifconteniment with a Letter which the Tope
wrote lately unto him, both touching the Duke o'i Savoy's, Caufe, and the Rejti-
tution of the Jefuits. In which point, he hath challenged the King for not
performing his Tromife, feeing he hath on his part accompUJhed as much as
was defired of him touching the King's 'Divorce. The Kiiig I heare made a
round Anf\vere to the Tatriarch about it, arid the fame Day dealt as Jharpely
with the States Agent, upon frefh Complaint to him of more Shipps taken by
their Men of Warre upon the Coaft of Calais.

The laft Letters I fawe out of Spayne, made mention that the King was going
into Tortugal, and that the Adelantado Was corniiiitted Prifoner to his Houfe at
Madrid. That the hidian Fleet was not heard of, and therefore not looked for
till September. That there Were ten or twelve Galeons prepared to go meet
them. That the Scarcitie of Money continued there very great, but that the

R r King

154 &> Henry Ne VI ll'j Book II.

An 1599. King had notwirhflanding, given order for twelve hundred thoufand Ducats to be
lent" with ail Expedition into the Low-Countries. That the Count de Fuefites
Waseftabliihed Governor oi Milan and one of the Grandees oi Spatne^ and was
to come away prefently with 4000 Spaniards. Thefe Letters were written in
the beginning of their February, but the King's which he receaved, came thence
as I am informed, in eight Daies.

For the Prohibition of the Manufadures of Wooll, notwithflanding the King's
Anfwere and his Counfailes made to me and Mr. Edmondes, I do much doubt it
will proceede. And lam credibly advertifed of Levies of Money and Contribu-
tions made in divers Townes of this Kingdome for the effeding of it, and that
the Drapers make full account of it. I have gone as farre as I can in the flay of
it, unlefTe I lliould delcend to adireil Troteftation againfl it, as a Breach of the
Treaties, and the Amitie depending upon them, which I dare not do till I have
warrant from her Majefty. But afluredly Sir they are fo carelefs and confident
in their Proceeding with their Allies, efpecially with us, that if they be not
very ronndly dealt with, they will adventure ufon any thing for their 'Profitt
But if her Majeflie will but follozv their Example, and bannijh their JVines for
a time, you fh all fee them humble ynough, and drive them to feeke to you: For
thofe Contries \\si& wholly by the Vent of their Wines, and will be ready to re-
bell, rather then be put by it. In the meane time, the Queenes Cuftom will not
be much impaired,, for if French Wines be forbidden, there will be the more
Spanilli Wine /pent, which pay as great an Impoji or greater then the other.
And moreover, fuch aprefident would greatly eftablijh her Majefties Reputa-
tion, and teach them to proceede the more reJpeBively with her, in all things
els. I am bold to extend my felf a little beyond the Bounds of my Charge in
this Point, out of an Indignation and difdaine to fee her Majeflie fo ill requit-
ed, where floe hath fo much deferved; which if it hath carried me too farre, I
crave Pardon.

Since M.r.Edmondes'De'p^ax.xxxQ, I went to complementife with the extraordi-
nary Ambaflador of Venice, who is now, (though late) come to congratulate the
Peace with Spaine ; and finding him lodged right over againfl the Spanijh Am-
baflador, I could not avoyde to fee him, feeing he had bin here with me before.
Our Speeche was little befides Complements, and that little was in generalities,
in Commendations of Peace, and Deteflation of Warres. I would willingly
have drawen from him what the Points were they meant to infifl upon. And to
that intent, ' ' when he prayed God to difpofe the Harts of both Sides to pafTe by
" all Difficulties, and to conclude a good Peace; I told him, that they mufl then
" difpofe themfelves to require nothing unreafonable nor diflionorable, and that
"if any difScultie arofe, it was in all apparance to growe from their Demaunds,
" not ours, for diiBculties did growe alwaies from Particulars : And I did not
" conceave that our fide were likely to propounde many Particulars, but only
" the generall incidents and confequents of Peace, and the Particularities were
" rather likely to be propofed on their part. Which he confefled to be true, but
" laid he was fully aflured that the reafonablenefs of their Demaunds fliould well
" teflifife their fincere Intention and Difpofition to Peace. I anlwered that that
" being fb, there was no doubt to be made of the like Difpofition in her Maje-
" flie, who both by Sex and 'Frofefiion was ever peaceably inclined, untill Jhe
" was by too great Frovocations forced to a necejfaryT)e fence of her felf. We
parted with kind Complements, he giving me the Trefeance in his owne Houfe,
as the Cuftome is, and as I had before done to him in myne. This is all I thinke
fit to trouble your Honor with at this tyme. And fo, Wc.

Tour Honor's very. Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

Book II. Ncgotiatmi m France.

15"/^ Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

lijght Honorable, Taris, 26''' Feb. 15-99. O. S.

THE Report of the King of Staines Death or Sicknefs, whereof this
Court was full for three or four Daies, bcginncs now to growe cold, ar.d
inltced of that Danger of the Kings, they pretend to have advifc of a burning
JFever of the ^neenes, which it is thought Ihe will hardly clcape. This is con'-
fc/Tcd by the ^panijh Ambaflador, and avowed unto me by Mr. de Vilkroy.
Notwithllandmg, / kno'we the King '■j:;as very pleafaimt njjon the fir ft Newes
and began to talke of the Recovery of Navarre and of other T)ejfeignes. So
that many do yet believe the former Report may be true, but that it is covered
for a time by thefc Men, Upon fome purpofe. The opportiinitie of Sir Robert
'Druryes Returne, is the Caufe that I lent no Meflenger purpofely with this Ad-
Vertifement, (as I promifed in my laft,) hoping it will come by his Meanes in rea-
fdnable tyme. If I difcover any more certainty of this Matter, I will certifie
your Honor of it with fpeed.

The King's Jorney into T tear die is broken, and infteed thereof he intends to
take the 'T^yett for a Fortnight or three Weeks, for fome of his old Griefes,
which are growing againe upon him. I underftand he hath appointed the Biihop
of Bollogne to repaire thither, to give order for all things neceflarie againft the
Commifiioners comming. I would gladly urge an anfwere about the Queenes
Money before the Treaty be concluded, and for that Purpofe I have defired yiu-
dience any time thefe eight Dayes, but am ftill put off; which makes me feare
that they linger purpofely, till they fee what will become of the Treaty. I am
often follicited by our Marchants, to deale with the King and his Counfail about
the Abatement of the Impofit'ions, raifed upon our Commodities fince the Trea-
ty of Blois. But becaufe it is a Point that depends upon that Treaty, which is
offred here to be renewed, I thinke not fitt to meddle 'with that Particular a-
ione, but to include it in the generall Confirmation of the Treaty, if it be her
Majeftie's Pleafure to renewe it. I befeech you Sir therefore I may underftand
her Refolution in it, and how I Ihall otherwiie fatisfie the importunate Defire of
Our Marchants, who think me very negligent in my charge, that I have folong
differred to foUicite that Point for them. Surely fomewhat will be necefTary to
be done, if you intend to continue any traffick here. For now all is at liberty,
and the King bound to nothing ; the Treaties that concern the Commerce being
determined, and that of Troyes and the laft of i5'96 which be only in Force,
ether not medhng with that point at all, or in luch generalitie as we can take no
great hold of them for our Benefitt.

The nnkindnes betweene the King and the Siat^Sy' isaggravatedhj the con-
tinuall Complaints which come of French Shippes taken oy them. I am told
that thei-e is frefli Complaint brought hither allld, of two Shippes of Newhaven
fonke by fome of her Majeftie's Shippes. If any fuch thing be, I befeech you to
diredl me what anfwere I Ihall make unto it, for I make no doubt but they will
expoftuiate it with me. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's moft. Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE,

Since my laft, I have feene a Letter frotn Madrid of the y"^ of February,
wherein it is certified, that there is a Caruile of Sinigaglia arrived, which af-
firmeth that the Indian Fleete is at the Havana^ and expeded to be at home by
^ttv^Qi March.

Sir

Sir Henry N e v i l l .? Book 11.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarzs, ly'^Feb. iS99- O- S.

'TT^HE Earle Gcjury^ a Nobleman of Scotland^ who hath fpent feme time in
JL thefe Parts, is purpofed to returne home through England, and defires to
have the Honor to kifle her Majeftie's Hands as he pafleth. And becaufe I know
him well, and have had good Communication with him, and therein found him
to be of very good judgement, and exceedingly well affeSied both to the common
Caufe of Religion, and particularly to her Majejiie, and that which may con-
cerne her Honor and Service ; I have thought good to recommend him ejpecially
unto your Honor ; and to befeech you to be a meanes that he may receave that
Honor and Favour that he is worthy of, that fo he may depart confirmed in that
good Devotion and Relped:, which he beares allready towards her Majeflie. If
your Honor pleafe to conferre with him about thefe Alterations feared in Scot-
land, I beleeve he will give you good Satisfadion, and that you will finde him to
be a Man of whom there may be exceeeding good ufe made. I have given him
my Paffport, to ferve him till he come to her Majefties Court, in as ample and
favourable fort as I could. The reft I referre to your Honor's good favour to-
wards him, whereunto I humbly recommend him. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honoris very, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

The Lord Hume purpofeth Ihortly to returne likewife as he telleth me, and
hath allready prayed my Paflport, which I cannot denie him. But you will be
p leafed to have regard to fome of my former Letters.

Str Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris x^ March iS99i O. S.

I Am bold to recommend unto your Honor this Nobleman of Scotland the
Lord Hume, who is now returning into his Contry, and mindes to take his
way through England ; beleeching you that by your Meanes he may have a Paf-
port for his free Paflage, and receave fuch other Favour, as her Majeftie uleth to
extend to Men of his Qualitie. It hath pleafed him to do me the Honor to vifite
me often, and to make me many kinde oflfers. In requitall whereof, I would be
gladd to be a Meanes, of any Honor or Favour to be done him in England.
Wherein becaufe I know your honorable Difpofition to be very prone, I fliall
need to ufe no more Wordes, but will only prefent my Service unto you, and io
humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's mojt. See.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, x<i March iS99'

ALthough I would be gladd at all times to advertile you of Certainties, (it
being a touch to both our Offices to affirme things that fall out contrary)
yet becaufe I fee conjeEiurall Reports often flye before Refolutions, and when
thofe fall out to be true, that then you may thinke your felf negleded ; I have
thought good now to advertife you iu what cafe things ftand. Immediately after

the

Book II. Negotiation in France. 157

the Arrival of Mr. Edmondes (to whofe Ncgociation 3011 were privy) there fol- Jn. I5'99.
lowed Verhcyken the Atid'tencter, he hath had art Audiaue of the ^lecne with-
in three Daics after his Arrival!, which was the i8«'i of February \ the Effedt
whereof was complementary on both Sides, he protefting that her Majeftie fhould
fyndc nothing but finceritie, and ihc afhrming to requite it '■j:;ith the like. He
was then referred to be treated withall by the LordTreafurer^ the Lord Admi-
rall, the Lord Chamber leu, and my f elf. The Subftancc of his comming wc
plaincly dilcovercd, which was rather to propound and rcceave anfwerc, then as
having CoramifTion to give us Satisfaction. Which when we dilcovered, wc ca-
ryed our felvcs accordingly, as fliail appeare unto you by this inclofed. for it
is true^ that as there be ibmc things, which ncedcs not to be dccydcd untill the
Coramiflioncrs meet ; lb feing they in Spaiue and the Lozv-Contries-) may cret
many mofe Advantages by vayne Treaties (without Conclufions) then we may,
her Majeflie hath realbn to be precife in ingaging her felf, by fending her Com-
miflloners over Sea, except there be fome probable Afliirancc that the extreme
Toints Ihould be better reconcyled, then will appear unto you by his Proceeding
here, who could give no other Satisfadlion. Only I found by himfclf, (though
he durft not fpeak it as a Commiflioner) when I expoftulated with him the
flrangenes of them, he anfwered me privately. Ah Monfieur, les premieres
Tropofitions ne font point logeh-, a la Conference on en avifera mieux. You
Ihall therefore now underftand, that this Day the Reiblution was taken to fend
this Letter, and within four Dayes or five Mr. Edmondes Ihall goe with an In-
flrti6iion, whereof this is the Projed; which I doe fend you, being yet in mi-
nute, becaufe I was lothe to ftay till you iliould heare any other Reports. And
therefore if fome Particulers be altered before the Queene figne it, you may
judge of it accordingly. I have had a great Defire that you might be one at this
Conference, both becaufe I am not fure whether I ihall be expoled to it, (where
I do infinitely defire to fee you) but alio becaufe you are able to do the Queene
Service, and becaufe in fo doing it may intitle you to a better Place hereafter.
You may therefore pleafe to knowe, that I do fynde the Queene refolved yoti
foall be a Commijfwner-, as the Spanijh AmbaiTador is on the other fide. And
therefore, allthoughe by this inclofed you may fee how uncertain the Day is, yet
it is good that you do prepare, and accommodate your felf againft you be fum-
moned. Only this was one dired Speech the Queen ufed to me, that Jhe would
not have you think of comming over, though yon came fo nere the Sea; it being
her full meaning, that you Ihall compleat your fecond Yeare. For ilie did plaine-
ly tell me, that there could be no greater wrong to her Service, then to be ever
fending thofe, who as foone as they have gotten one Yeares Experience, then
they make lute to come home ; and yet floall he fee, (faith llie) at his two Tears
end that I will take care of him. Thus do you fee that I do write you truth,
howfoever it pleafe or difpleafe; Wherein the rather I do advertife you before-
hand, becaufe you may not be deceaved in any Expedation : Hoping you will
alfo aflure your felf, that you fliall ingage me at all tymes in any thing that con-
cernes you, as farre as any Frend you have. It remayneth now that I take no-
tice of Jafpar's Arryvall, and of thofe Letters, with which the Queene was
exceeding well fatisfied : faying, that you were too like fome body in the World
(who is now in Heaven) to whom fhe is afrayde you are a little kin, to be con-
tent to carry Coales at any Frenchman' s Hand. For the matter, ihe will deale
plainely with the Ambaflador here concerning thofe Manufadures of Wooll, and
you fliall receave Diredlions in all things belonging to the fame. And fo, ^c.

From the Court Tour very ajfured Friend, 8cc.

ai Richmond . RO. CECYLL.

Though now you know what Mr. Edmondes caries, yet I pray you Sir keepe
it to your felfe, for it would not be there divulged ; considering, that the opinion
of a Teace toward, keepes up the ^ueenes Reputation.

■ Sf Sir

Sir H E N RY Neville Book 11.

Sir Henry Ne^ville to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ -- Taris 12* Mar. 1599. O- S.

I Was defirous (as I wrote in my laft) to have drawen fome Anfwere from the
King in the Matter of the Money due to her Majeftie, before the Treaty of
'Feace with Spaine had bin fo farre advanced. And for that purpofe, I have
any time thefe three Weekes defired Audience, as alfo to the intent to have dealt
With him about the Proclamation of the Rochellers, whereof my Lords of the
Counfail wrote unto me , and to have procured fome favour to poore Captain
Thynney who is imprifoned here. But I have bin continually put off upon one
Pretext or other, and fondry Affignations difappointed ; allthough in the mean
time both the Nuntlo, the Venetian AmbalTadors, the Scottlfh AmbalTador, and
the Tatr larch., have all had Audience. Which is a kind of Proceeding that ar-
guech Jniall Affe^lon or Regard to her Majefiie., and whereof in that relped;, I
cannot but be fenfible, and have thought good to advercife it, that it may pleale
you to dired: me, how I fliall carry my felf if thefe Courfes continue, and what
Refentment I iliall make of it. The Matter Is evident, ether to be done as a
jkorne, or ttpon de (feign to avoyde the Anfwere I am like to frejfe them to. Both
are injurious to her Majeftie, and the latter a kind of Mockery, not to vouchlafe
her an Anfwere, but to iliift her ofFby thefe Delufions. I have occafion, and
will ynough to be warme in this matter, but I am not willing to prefume too
farre without Diredlion, which I do therefore humbly defire, that I may have a
Rule to guide my felf in all fuch occafions.

The King is this day gone to Fontainebleau a Hunting, and promifeth to re-
turne upon Satterday. He altered his mynde for taking the Dyett, but about
fifteen Dayes flnce he toke Phifick two or three Dayes. He doth undoubtedly
purpofe a Jorney to Lyons in the beginning of May., fo that he may be at hand
when the tyme expires which the Duke of Savoy hath taken, to relblve ether to
deliver up the Marqulfat of Salluces, or the Exchaunge demaunded, of which
many are of opinion he will do neither. And that opinion is confirmed, by the
Count de Fuentes comming to be Governor oi Milan with fooo Spaniards, and
with a very large and extraordinary Authority and good Store of Treafure, to be
provyded againd: all Events that may enfue in Tledmont. This is one caule of
the King's Jorney into thofe Parts, Another is to receave the Princefle of Flo-
rence, whole Match with this King is thought to be fecretly concluded by the
Grand T>tike's Secretary, which hath bin here clofely for that purpofe thele four
or five Moneths; and Monfieur de Slllery is by this tyme I fuppofe at FloreJice,
with abfolute Power to conclude the Contrail there publikely. In {o much as
they beginne heare allready to defigne the Eftate of her Houle, and appoint her
Officers. It is very probable, that the King will marry her upon her firft Arri-
vail; fo that if her Majeftie intend to fend any Nobleman to afiift at the Mar-
riadge, (as her ufe hath bin,) it will be tyme allmoft to think of it; for I am per-
fwaded the Trlncejfe will be at Marfellles in June at the fartheft. But I will
endevour to learne the Certainty of her comming as foone as I may, and adver-
tile it forthwith.

I have feene Letters out of Sfalne of the laft of their February, wherein is
mentioned that a Caravell of Advife was arrived at Seville , which brought
word, that he left the Indian Fleet on this fide of a place called Bermuda, and
that it would be arrived in all likelyhood by the middle o? March, the Windes
having bin fo fitt for their courfe, and fo ftrong. The Valew of it in Coyne,
Bullion, and other Marchandize, was efteemed to be fixteene Millions. That
Count Fuentes was dilpatched for Milan, and that d'Orla attended him at Bar-
cellona with \% Gallies. That x.\\Q Nuncio, which was fent thither extraordina-
rily about the matter of Final, was now to remayne there in ordinary, and that
the Pope feemed to be growen cold in that matter; and that there wsis great Ex-

fe6iation

Book II. Negotiation in France. 159

pe^tat'ion and Hope of theTeacewlth England: butwirhall, fomcfearc that there An. 1599.
might growc lomc Prejudice to the Chriftian Faith, by the free AccefTc and Con-
vcriation which the Heretiqucs were like to have thereby into thofe Parts. That
IDoii Chriftofero di Mora is cleded Viceroy oi' 'Tort 11 gall, wlierewith that Na-
tion is much difcontcnted, pretending that that Dignitie ought not to conferred
upon any but a'Prince of the Blood. Here is arrived out o'i Spaine on Sonday laft,
and departed ycftcrday towards Bruxelles, Fernando Carrillo-, a Spaniard that
hath lived long in the Low-Countries, and fcrvcd as a Judge Marfliail in their
Arnu'es; a Man of good Learning in the Law, and otherwile fufficient, as I am
informed. His comming is as I underftand to be of the Couvfail of State in the
Low-Countries, undone of ihc Commij^oners in ihcTreaty-., which makes Men
conceave it may prove more full of Difficulties then was expedcd. For this Man
is know en to be no great Favourer ofTeace, and wit hall very hauty and pe^
remptory, like a right Spaniard.

Of the Qi-ieene oi Spaine's Sickncs or Recovery, there is no more Newes com
fmce my laft. I receaved lately this inclofed from Mr. Hawkins out of Spaijie,
and likewife the other from Bayonne. I am informed that there are two Irijh-
men, the one a Lieutenant called 'Jenkins, the other a Enfeigne called Stani-
hurft, efteemed good Soldiers, to depart lliortly out of the Low-Countries into
Ireland, with the Archduke's Leave and Tafport.

The States have at \<tx\<2^\\ fufpended their proceeding againjl the French, and
have rendred the Shippes they had taken; which hath pacified the King and his
Counfail, who were greatly exafperated againft them. But Vv^irhall I underhand,
they labour ftill by reqneft to the King, to hinder the Staple at Calais, and the
furnifhing of their Enemies by that meanes, which they arc in hope he will be
wonne unto by Intreaty, though in Honor he could iiot indure they Jhotild extort
it from him. But for my part I fcarce beleeve they will obtaine it, becaufe I fee
6 \ii Monfieur Villeroy fo ready to traverfe their DelTeignes in all things : But
d.\oo the Duke o/" Bouillon and Monfieur du Pleffis, with others of that fide,
do what they may to counterpefe the Ballance in their Favour.

The Princes of Germany have aflembled themfelves at Francfort, and given
hope of feme new Enterprize this Year in the States Favour, or at the lead: of
fome Succour both of Men and Money. But there is a Fire kindling (as I learne)
among themfelves, which if it be not warily and fpeedily fuppreft, I feare will
prove very dangerous to the whole Party oi the Religion in Germany; and that
is the Adminijirator <?/"Saxonie'j Tretence to the EleBorat, from which his
Grandfather was dejeBed by Charles the f* : whereof being now in Toffejfion)
as Tutor to the yon g Elector, and the Emperor favouring his Clayme, (iipon
dejfeign to noiirrifh Divijlon among the Trotefants,) it is thought it will be an
ealy matter for him to hold it, which carmot but engender an eternall Strife be-
tweene the two Hoiifes and their Partakers ; whereof in all likelyhood the other
fide will prevaile, to the Ruine of them both.

I have heard nothing from m.ijj Rome of the matter I have intertayned there;
only /. 163 (the Perfon I employ) lliewed me another Letter from the fameTar-
tie, of freflier Date then the former, (but yet written before his Anfwere he made
could be arrived there) wherein he defires to know, whither /. \6i my Agent will
take the matter upon him, wiiliing him to be well advifed, becaufe he feares it
may prove an Adtion of Daunger to them that ihall deale in it, and like ynough
to preferre them into the Ranke of Martyrs before their tyme. But we exped;
fhortly to heare from thence at the full, in anfwere of that he wrote, upon the
firfl Letter.

yix.Thinne, poore Gentleman, is here in the Chafe let, arretted for a Shippe
called the Holy Ghoft of St. Jean de Luz, which Six Robert Croffe and he toke in
the Year 1591, in that Voyage wherein the Revenge was loft. Mr. Thinne pre-
tends that he did nothing but by Sir Robert Crofe's Commandement, who was
Reere-Admirall of the Fleet, and was to command him, being fevered from the
reft ; and faith that he brought her fafe into England, and prefently advertifed

my

1^0 Sir Henry Ne villi BookiL

j!in. i5'99. my Lord yonr Father, and n\y Lord Admtrall, by whofe Order fome part of
the Goods were fold ; and that afterwards upon Proofe made, that the Shipp was
French and not S^anijh, there was Reftitution awarded both of Shippe and
Goods; but that the Shippe and the greatefl part of the Goods were caft away
in the Haven by Mifchance, after flie was out of his Charge, and without any
Fault of his. Upon which Confideration,' when the Owners purfued him and
others to Juftice in the Admiralty, he faith he was difcharged of it. All this we
alleage here, but becaufe it hath no other Creditt but of his owiie Word, who is
the Party, we can gett little help yet for him. We have evoked the matter be-
fore the Counfail, where I labour to gett him enlarged, upon his Juratory Cau-
tion , and fuch other Caution as he is able to give , ( out of his Wive's Eftate
which he hath recovered here) that he Ihall anfwere the Sute, and abide and per-
forme that which lliall be judged. This is all I can doe for him, if I can effect
that. They require Caution of BurgefTes, or Men knowen here to be of iiiffi-
cient Eftate; but the Summe is fo great of 13000 Crownes, that it deterreth
every Man. Yf your Honor will be pleafed to do him any Favour from thence,
either by the Queene's Letters, or otherwife as you fliall think good, you Ihall
do a Deede of great Charitie ; for lurely he is much afflided with it, and is in'
Danger to fuftaine fome Mifery. And ^o for this tyme, longing very much fot
your Letters, which I fuppofe to be upon the way, as having receaved none fince
that of the iS^h oi January. I molt humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's mojl. Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir, after the King's Departure to Fountainebleau, he fent Monfieur de Leon-
court to excule my long delay for Audience, by whom I am afTured that at the
King's Returne I fliall have prefent Acceffe. •

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecytl.

Right Honorable, 'Parts lo* March i5'99. O. S.

I Have receaved your Letter by Jafper of the fecond o^ March, with an Ad-
vertifement of her Majeflie's Proceedings with the Audiencier fmce his com-
ming into England, for which I humbly thanke you. It may pleale your Ho"-
rior to remember, that I have often written, that it was not beleeved the King
o/'Spaine had any fincere pirpofe to makeTeace. Thefe exorbitant T)emaunds,
to my fimple Underfranding, do import as much : And for more Confirmation
of it, ^. I4X the S'p^imih Ambaffddor doth aifirme diredtly ( as I underftand both
by 6 izo the King him fe If and w. 109 CharlesTaget) that unlefle the Catitio-
7iary Townes be rendted, they will make no Peace. Withall the faid w. to<)
Charles Paget doth ailure me, that he knoweth by very good means, that there
are three Shipps difpatcht from m.xj'i Spaine into a.\oi Ireland, with Mony
and Munition, and that in one of them there goeth a Knight o/Malta, called the
Grand Prior of Ireland, Brother to cx^i Odonel with Commiflion to con-
fider throughly the Eftate of the Affaires there, and to make fome Contrad: with
b.xo-h Tyrone and the reft, who offers to acknowledge c.xoo the King i?/'Spaine
abfolutely, and to do nothing without his Direction; proffering likewife, when
he lift to make any Attempt upon a. loi England, to furnilli him with fix or fe-
ven thoufand expert Men. Thefe things, as I am not too credulous of, fo am I
not willing to defpife them, being related by one who hath good Intelligence
with that fide, and who in this Report can have no Defiein in particular. For
as of one fide he delivers his Conceipt, that they intend not Peace, but with
great Difadvantage and Daunger to us, by the Delivery ofthofe Townes, joyned
with infinite Diihonor; fo doth he likewife affiare me on the other fide, that
Peace not fucc ceding, c. 100 the King o/'Spaine refolveth to fett up his Reft,

and

Book II. Ncs:otiaiion in France. \6i

and venture his \vhole Fortune upon us ; ivbich not'^vUbJIauding he thinks fa- An. is'Qo.
fer for us to endure-, then to render tbof: Toicnes, which would in the end make ■.
them jMaltcrs of thole Seas, and inablc them to give us the Lawc for our Trade
as they would. This Advertilcmcnt I was willing to relate with fpecde, that if
you (inde it to concurrc with the reft of their proceeding to that Pnrpofc, and
ice that you arc not like to have a Peace with lafc and honorable Conditions,
you may, if you plcafe, advilc in tyme, what Ule or Advantage may be made
of 6 1 20 the French Kinf^^ whiles the matter refts doubt full. For undoubtedly
he could be contented it nsjere broken-, and isjhiles it is in ballance, would per-
haps be drawcn to fomewhat, which afterwards when he feeth it broken of it-
felf he will hardly be brought to. The Points that I could wifh he were urged
in arc thcfe; To renewe the Alliances defenfive in cafe of Invafon, in fuch lori:
as they were made betweene King Henry the 8th ^nd Francis the i^; to pay the
Qiiccnc a certaine Somme of Money yerely, till his Debt be difcharged. To
ejiablijh our Traffic k m France., with fuch Freedome, Abatement and Exem-
ption from Impofitions , as the Treaty of Blois appointeth. To forbidde
all Armes and Munition, to be carried into Spaine. To forbid his Subjed:s to
ferve at Land or Sea againft us. To continue his Affiftance to the States., that
they may be enabled to fubfift. To interpole his Creditt with the Emperor and
Princes oi Germany., to reftore bur Trade there. To do the like in m.17^ Scot-
land. To fay fuch Tra^ifes as c. 100 the King o/'Spaine may have there ^ and
to keep that part in goodT>evotion. And laflly, to ayde the Queene in Ireland
(if ilie lift to require it) with two or three thoufand good Shott at her Charge.
Which I mentidUj becaule it feemes that Service, is of moft ufe in thefe Warres of
Ireland., and that our Men newly levied, do not commonly make the beft Proof
that way.

There is a Report here of a Preparation of divers Gallies in Spaine, that fhall
come downe to tile Sluce and joyne with the reft. ThQ Indian Fleet is return-
ed as the King is advertifed, for {^o he told me at my Audience Ibme two Daies
agoe; at which tyme I likewile preffed him for Ibm anfwer in the matter of the
Money, which he hath promifedto give me preieiitly after the Hollydayes. 1
dealt with him alio about the Ordennances made by the Rochellefs in Prejudice
of our Marchants and Trade there, which he hath promifed to redrefle. I gave
fince to Monfieur de Villeroy the very original affiche under the Mayor of Ro-
chelle's Hand, which was fent me from thence. As foone as I have any particu-
lar Anlwere in it, I will advertife my Lords of the Counfail of iti as they com-
manded me by their Letter.

I have bin carefull not to divulgate the 'Difficulties growen iri England about
this Treaty ; but it needed not, for I found Monfieur de Villeroy well advertifed
of them all, in the fame fort your Honor wrote unto me. Therefore being for-
ced to acknowledg fomewhat, I laid for the other Points, that they were prbpofed
indeed, but not with intention (asitfeemed) to be infifted upon ; but for that of
renewing the ancient Alliances offenfive and defenfive., I was willing they lliould
conceive here it to be much ftood upon by the other fidcj but yet refufed by the
Queene, and fo like ynough to brecde the greateft Difficulty and Stoppe in the
Treaty.

The Advertifements I mentioned to come from w. 209 Charles Taget, and the
faithfuU AfFedlion which he feemes to beare in Sinceritie to a.Too the ^een and
his Country, (notwithftanding the cold Comfort I gave him lately) I would be
very aladd might breede fome Compaffion and Alteration in the Hart of a. 100
the ^leen. Queftionles if your Peace fucceede not, it cannot be but profitable
to reclaime and recall as many of that kinde as fincerely feeke it, and have any
worth in them. For fo you iliall difappoint the Enemies of many ferviceable In-
ftruments which they intend to work by, and give withall fome Contentment to
thofe at home, of the fame Difpofition ; with whom allfo, thefe Mens Perfwa-
fions, and Difcoveries of the Enemies tirannous Intentions, under his faire Pre-
texts, will more prevaile to allure them in their Obedience, then any meanes els

T t we

l62 Sir Henry 'Nevu.-ls Bookll.

we can ufc. I am bold to difcover my poore Conceipt in the geherall, alkhough
I am in a manner defperate of prevailing in this Particular. There is none of
thefe I meane, but offer Oath of abfolute Obedience to the temporal Geuvern-
ment, and to employ Body, Goods and Life againft any Invadors, renounceing all
Benefitt ofiyifpenfation-, or other Evafion from it.

There is a frelh Complaint come to this Court, of li of our Shippes that fliould
be within the Str eights upon the Coaft oiTrovence, which are faid to Ipoyle and
.take all Men. The Letters came that Day I was withMonfieur de Villeroy^ yet
he faid nothing to me of it ; but d. loo the Duke o/"Bouillon gave me knowledge
of it. They iay the King takes it very ill ; as I heare more I will advertife.

I do prepare my felf according to the Warning your Honor gives me, to come
to Bullogne, and fliall be very willing fo to do, fo as I may waite upon your Ho-
nor there; which I purpofed to doe howfoever, if you came over. But other-
wife if your Honor come not, confidering what a Jorney I am to take preiently
upon my returne from thence, and perhaps before the Treaty be finiflied, I
would take it for a favour to be excuied. I would have bin gladd after fo extra-
ordinary a Charge as this Jorney to Marfeilles will be to me, to have found her
Majeflie diipofed to have fliortened to me the ordinary time of Refidence here^
ponfidering my Eftate fo unable to beare it. But if her Service will not permitt
.„ me to attayne that Favour, I ihall depend yet with Comfort upon her gracious Pro-
mife at the two Yeares end ; and be bold to put your Honor likewife in mynde of
yours made me to the fame effedr, at my firft undertaking the Charge. In the
meane tyme I will endeavour to ferve her Majeflie with all Diligence and Fideli-
tie, and to my abilitie omitt nothing that may be for her Honor or Service.
And fo for this time I humbly take ray leave.

Tour Honor's mof, Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, T ar is i.^ April 1600, O.S.

An. 1600. X TPON occafioil of many probable Conjeftures, that this intended Treaty
\^ will have no fuch ready PafTage as was conceaved; in which cafe it can-
not be amifTe her Majeflie fhould know, what Ajfurance and Foundation Jhe
may make of her Allies : I prefumed (though I had no fpeciall Diredtion fo to
do) to prefle the K^ing at a late Audience, for a dired: Anfwere in fome Points I
had heretofore moved him of I found him in a very good Humour, and very
willing (as he pretended) to give the Queene all the Satisfa<5tion and AfTurance
he was able, of his fincere AfFedion towards her ; with very liberall Offers of his
Perfon and all his Forces, to be employed in her Defence, if fhe needed. And
for the Points I had propofed, he willed me to make a fliort Note of them, and
to deliver it to Monfieur de Villeroy, promifing to advifo of them throughly
with hisCounfail, and to give me an expedite Anfwere. " He fell of himfelf
" into Difcourle of this Treaty with Spaine, wijhing that her Majeflie Jhould
" give them the Lawe in it, as he had done, [rather then receave it from
" them-^ and was of opinion, that if her Majeflie would fl and off a while,
'' they would come to any Reafon. He found great fault with their exorbitant
•' 'Demaunds'., and told me that his Opinion was ever, that the King of Spaine
' ' defired not Peace, but in refped of the Archduke's NecefTities ; which for the
" fntereil he had in them, would inforce him in the end from his owne Inclina-
" tion. He willed me to lett her Majeflie knowe from him as a Secret, that he
" was certainly informed that the Archduke and Infanta had receaved Advife
*' out oi Spaine, that the King had bin defperately fick, but recovered fo as he
" is pafl daunger of his Life; but that in thisSicknes of his, it hath bin difco-

" vered

Book II. Ncgotiatio7i in France. 1^3

" vercd that he is impotent, and not able to have Children. Whereupon the An. 1600.

•' Marquis oi'Denia and other chief Men (dcfpairing belike of the King's long

•' Life or likefyhood of IlTiie) begin to make Court to the I j/fanta, and to infi-

" nuate themlclves into her Favour by Prelcnts and all Scrviceablcncs. He told

" me allfo, that the States intend to fett out another Fleet this Yere, but not to

" make any long Jorney, but only to keep upon the Coaft o'iSpame-^ andjeem-

" cd to be vety ajfeSiionaie to their Confcrvation, '■jvijhing that her Majeftic,

" though jhe made a Teace-, 'iz-onld do for ihem as he did and "juotild. He con-

♦' eluded my Audience with many Proteftations of his fincere AfTecStion to her

*' Majcflie, and his Defire to continue tliat flreight Friendlhip he had ever held

*' with her.

This Day I delivered the Note of that I had propofed to Monfieur de ViLleroy^
(whereof I fend a Coppy) who hath promifed to procure rae a fpeedy Anfwere.
In the three latter Points I am perfvvaded you may have any realonable Content-
ment. In the firft I have fome hope, though it be feeble. I have not found
Monfieur de ViUeroy in better tune at any time, which confirmes me in mine
Opinion, that if her Majeftie intend to make any ufe, or to drawe any ajfurame
from hence , this is the true tyme for it^ and the Opportunity ijvonld not be
omitted. I have prefumed thus tarre of my felf, which allthough I had no dired:
Warrant for at this time, yet I hope her Majeftie will interpret it gracioufly, con-
fidering I have not any way ingaged her, but only fought to ingage the King in
thole Points I have heretofore had Commilfion to propofe; that fo her Majeftie
being clccred of his Intention, may refolve the more freely in this weighty Bufi-
nes. If it be her pleafure to found the King in any of the other Points I men-
tioned in my laft Letter, I befeech your Honor I may underftand in tyme. The
King is of opinion, that: the Meeting will be put off yet a good vi'hile, and that
there will be fending to and fro about it twife or thrice before it be agreed on.
w. Z09 Charles 'Paget is advertifed from his Friends at Bruxelles, that they hav6
little hope there no--j:j of the proceeding of it. The Scott ijh Ambajfador here
told me, the like was written from thence to him. Monfieur de ViUeroy fpake
to that purpofe the King had done , that if her Majeftie held off, they would
fall in their "Demaunds.

I underftand by him, that the King intends fliortly to fend a Man of Qualitie
into England to be inftalled for him. I would gladly have knowen whom, but
he faid it was not yet throughly refolved upon, yet allured me it fliould be a Per-
Ibnage of fuch Qualitie as we mould well like of Now, Sir, it may pleafe you
to dired: me with Ibme fpeede, (which in this time is very necelTary) how I
iliall further carry my felf in the profecuting of this I have begon, or any thing
els you thinke necelTarie to be propofed, in this feafonable time. For the re-
newing of the Treaty^ (in my fimple Judgment) it will be very profitable, partly
in regard of the AiTurance of the Traffick. depending upon it, but chiefely to in-
gage the King, and to be fome what retentive to him., that he be not caryed a-
■way with fo maine a ftreame towards Rome and that fide, as he hath of late
feemed to be ; but rather that fome diffidence might be renewed by this meanes^
betweene him and that fide : which I would hold a point of very good Advan-
tage for us, and I know would greatly rejoyceall thofe oi the Religion in this
Realme, who begin to apprehend very much of his Declination in AfFedtion from
them, and are jealous of his too ftridi Combination with the Tope and that Par-
ty. And no doubt but it would be fome good ft ay to the Motions and Tiefeignes
in m. 175" Scotland, which are greatly nourijhed by the Conceipt of this King's
Alienation from us, and confequently of theiyeclination of ourTarty, and the
Growth of the other. Yf there be any Oppofition made, in refpe6t oi Abate-
ment ofCuftomes that muft follow on both Parts, I fuppofe you may rule that
Point as you will, and begin a new from this Day ; leaving the matter of Cuftoms
and Impofxtions, in the fame State it is in : For they have reafon to be well con-
tented with it, having raifed fince that Treaty three times as much upon our Com-
modities, as the Queene hath done upon theirs. But I think rather, the Mar-
chants

1^4- &*r Henry Nevillj" Book it.

^^.1600. chants that trade hither, might be induced to make good unto her Majeftie, that
'' which Ihe fhould lofe by it, lb there might be an abatement generally of all that
hath bin raifed fince that Treaty, and lome certainty eilablilhed for their Trade
hereafter.

For the Complaint I made againft thofe of Rocbelle-, as well upon the Procla-
mation fent me over from my Lords of the Couniaij, as likewile upon another
they have publiilied fince, (injoyning all forrain Marchants upon a paine, to be-
ftowe the fixt part of the valevve of all the Marchandize they utter there, upon
Wine of that Contry and other Commodities proper to that Place ;) Monfieur de
Villeroy told me yeflerday, that the King had written unto them, commanding
them to informe him upon what grownd they had prefumed to make fuch Ordi-
nances of themfelves without his Privity, and forbidding theni to put them in
execution till his Pleafure were knovven. Monfieur de Villeroy complaiiied unto
me, (but in fome milder fort then he hath ufed at other times,) of gi-eat Spoiles
done by fome Shippes of ours within the Streights upon the Coaft of Tro-
'vence% and the King himfelf told me, they had taken fix or feven French Shippes.
I gave them the belt: afTurance I could, of her Majefties Intention to doe good
Juflice upon fuch Offendors, upon Proofe made againfl them ; and faid that thefe
Outrages might perhaps be committed by fome Pyrates, which were not avowed
by the State, but proicribed and proclaimed for fuch, which were intertaigned as
we underftood, by fome Princes of Italy. And therefore I prayed him to ful^
pend his conceipt, untill it were knowen who were the ad:ors in the Offence;
Monfieur de Villeroy faid we did our felves much dillionor, and made our Nation
infamous generally for fuch Mifdemeanors ; and alleaged, that the Signorie of
Venice had upon like occafion flayed all our Shippes there ; that the Grand Duke
had once done the like, but that the King temporized, hoping in the end to re-
ceave fome Satisfadtion. By occafion of thefe (ordinary Complaints againfl us,
for Spoyles committed without any Reflitution, I have had a perticular Conceipt
which I will be bold to impart to your Honor; That fir fuch Offences againjt
this Nation as fall out to be plaine, and whereupon it will be fit to award Re~
fiitution-i her Majejiie jhould take the Beneftt of that Refiitution, and affigne
over to the Complaynants^ fo much of the King's T>ebt to her for their Satis-
faEiion ; they likewife refigning to her-, all their Adiion and IDemaund againfl
the Offendors. This Courfe the King cannot except againfl, and by this meanes
ether he will become leffe egre in the profecuting of fuch Matters, or at leafl her
Majeflie fliall receave fome part of her Mony, fooner then otherwife fhe fliould
doe.

Of the King's Jorney to Lyons-, we are not yet certain when it will begin, de-
pending much upon the afTurance or doubt of the Duke of Savoyes performance
of his Treaty ; whereof * I fend your Honor a Coppy, though it have bin kept
here as a very great Secret. The common Speech is, he will be at Lions by the
end of May. But if that occafion haflen him not, in refped of the Princefle of
Florences comming, he fhall not neede to fett forward fo fbone ; for I underfland
ihe flayeth till the Grande DutchefTe be delivered, who is defirous to accompany
her, and who is not yet paffing five Moneths gone with Child, fo as it will be
the end of September or later ere flie can arrive ; before which time the King
will have fix Gallies ready to condud: her, which are now building at Marfeilles.
The Duke of Gtiife is allready departed towards Trovence-, to afTifl at the States
holden there, and to prepare for the King's comming, and the intertaigneraent
of him and the PrincefTe when fhe arrives. The Marfliall of Biron is likewife
gone into his Government of Burgundy-, and Monfieur Lefdiguieres into 'Dau-
phine.

I have receaved Advertifement from fondry Hands, confirmed allfb by Mon-
fieur de Villeroy unto me, that there are x^ Gallies prepared in Spaine to be

* The Copy of this Treaty is amongft Sir Kalph Winzi'ood's Papers, but I fliall forbear to publifli it, be-
ing printed at large in the Recueil des Traiiies, publiflied in France, Vol, z.

brought

Book II. Negotiation in France. i ^$

brought downc into die Low Contries n^ fooncas the Scafon will permitt it; and Ati. 1600.

for that puipolc perhaps, they will take the opportunitie of this Treaty.. But if

you ice no likclyhood of the Proceeding of ir, I hope order will be given that

they Ihall nor have too eafic a PafTagc. I remember Elliot told me, their pur-

pofe was the lafi: Sommcr to have brought their Gallics to Milford, lb to have

kept both the Channell to BriJio'UJC^ and to have barred tiie Paffage \\\x.o Ireland.

Wc knowe not what Dcflcign they may have now, but me thinks before there be

any meeting, it would be accorded on both fides, that there jhoidd be nothing in-'

novated nor attempted by cither., dttring the Conference, nor in certain time

after. ... ; - .. ,'. .,•• , .

Sir James Lindfay, Brother to the Erie of Craifurd, is fliprtly (as I heare) to
goe for Spaine. The Eric Botlrjoell is allrcady gone thither, having receaved
but only 400 Crowncs of the Archduke at his Departure, to carry him thither.

Here hath pafTedoflatef^-rf^/V/ Challenges htiwctnc Monficur du Tleffis and
the Biflaop of Eurenx, whereof I fend your Honor Coppics. Whether it will
come to any ifTue or nay I know not, but beleeve rather that the Sorbon --jDill
hinder it\ for I heare they interpofe themfelves, and that the Nuncio hath like-
wile excepted againft ir, as done without the Tope's privitie. In the raeane
time here arc certain Gentlemen, whereof one of good account called SanEte
Marie de Mont of Normandy., which forfboke their Religion, and became Ro-
m an if e s ig'xmii this Eafter. But in exchange, there was a Sur-indendant of the
Finances called Manpeatiy of good account, that .declared himlelf of our Religi*
on, and came to the Co'mriiunibn on, £'(«/?£'r W^y.,

Of the Progrefle of the States Forces in Bommelrewerdt., againft the Forts-of
Crevecaiir and St. Andre., I am fure your Honor is better advcrtifed then we
can be here. The Archduke's Forces are drawen into the Field under the Com-
mand of 'Don Aloyfe de Velafco and the Marquis of Berghen. The Admirante
was removed from that charge, upon an intention to imploy him in the Treaty ;
but by the comming of Carillo he is eafedbf that:paine, but not reftored to hi^
former Place, at which he is inuch diicontented ; and the matter had like to have
growen to a great quarrel! betweene him and Velafco., the Spaniards taking part
with the one, and ^t Italians with the other. It is thought if they can reduce
the Mutiners, they will be able to bring into the Field fome ij'ooo Men of all
forts. This is all I have to advertife your Honor at this time. And therefore I
will here conclude moft humbly taking my leave and refling.

Tour Honor's mojl, dec.

HENRY NEVILLK

A Memorial prelented by Sir Henry Nemlk to the French King,
,^ .Mj-' '■' x}i\t%th oi Apr'dlj 1600.

SI'R/EV. ■ ■ ' .... ,. ,

V'^R ee qui a efle refpondu de la part de voflre Majefte par Monfietir de Vil'
leroy, a la Tropojition faicfe dernierement par r Ambajfadeur de la Royne
d' Angleterre : Le dit Ambafadeur fai£l declarer dvofre Majefe, que pour ce
qui concerue la Confirmation des TraiBes, il en eft demeure fort fatisfaiEi., ^
croit firr/iement, que la Royne fa Soveraine en recevra grande contentement.
Mais pour ce qui eft du rembourfernent de quelqiie fomme d" Argent cefte annee
pour luy foubvenir en fes necejfitez & occajions prefentes., il trouve la dite ref-
ponce imparfaiEfe ^ incertaine ; 5^ defire partant, qiiil "vous plaife luy en de-
clarer voftre plaifir plus ouvertement, & ne le point remeEire au ternps de la
confirmation audit Trai5fe\ eftant chofe qui n'en depend aticunement, & qui- a
efle trainee par ledtt Ambaffadeur fepar^ement, & a laquelle il a eupromejfes
reiterdesde promt e Refponce .avant qu'il propofaft dernierement le renouvelle-
'■'';. 'v:'"' U u went

i^^ &r Henry NevillV Book IL

An.i6oo.fnent des TraiEiez: JoinB aufy, que c'eji k point qui import e k plus a la
' Royne, & auquel elle eji plus pre (f^e de defirer de ff avoir I' intention de voftre
Majejf^--, afin que prenant par Arguments d' effect ^ non de paroles feulement,
pleine afeurance de vojire AffeBion & Amitie, elle sen piiiffe entierement fon-
der, comme fur une Bafe & Colonne ferme de fin Eft at. Et a c eft e fin le dit
Ambajfadeur fuppli^ humblement voftre Majefte, de luy declarer quelle fomme
votis avez delihere de payer a la dite ^ame c'eft Anne'e, ?S en quel terme,
eftant bien content, que la conclujion du paiement annuel fe puiffe re-
mectre au TraiBe'. Et Ji voftre Majefte dejire pour quelques raifons, que
c^s deux points, du Rembourfement de P Argent, ^ du Renouvellement des
TraiBes, marchant enfemble\ ledit Ambajfadeur fuppH^,qu'ilvous plaife pour
le mains donnera la Royne unepromejfe & ajftgnation affeur^e de que Ique fomme ^
payable fur lafignature dudit TraiBi^ de fa part ; ^ defire qUe voftre bonplaijir
foit de luy faire donner prompte Refponce a tout ce que dejfus.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

S I Ry

I Have now receavedtwo Difpatches from you, (oiieby Vaccondary, and ano-
ther by Hofier) fince I wrote unto you by Jafpar : At which time I could
not advertife more then I did, allthough it feemeth, that many Particulars of the
fame have bin carried over to others. There hath nothing fince that time been
heard from Mr. Edmondes, which hath been an occafion that hath made me dif-
ferre to write unto you ; but now that the Opportunity of this yong youth pre-
fenteth it felf, I will firft let you knowe that her Majeftie heard your Letter this
Day, and that ihe doth very well like your Courfes, and that you do heare of all
fides ; only I do find it deeply imprinted in her Majeftie's mynde, to be diffident
of any thing, that comes from w.ro() Charles 'Paget. For proofe whereof^ (ail-
though it be true, that Verheyken did propound that matter of the Townes) yet
as an Argument that his Intelligence is badd, we found full well by him under-
hand, that if they can obtain of us the RetraBion of the Auxiliarie Companies
only, the intertayning whereof with her Majeftie's avowed Lycence, doth demon-
ftrate her Intention to uphold them againft the King of Spaine, (by the Reputa-
tion whereof, the incertain Humours of the populcr are contained in that State,
which is a maine point in their Conftitution) they will be eafily induced to give
over the 'Demaunds for the Cautionary Townes ; becaufe they are not fo fimple
to thinke, that her Majeftie will quitt both her Honor and her Intereft, for a
new Reconciliation.

Where you did write unto me in your Letter by Vaccondary, to be diredied
how to carry your felf, if the King Ihould differre his Audience ; becaufe this
Letter flieweth you have fatisfad:ion in that Point, I fliall need no farther to infift
upon it then thus ; that when in your Judgement you ihall finde the fufpenfe to
be voluntary and difgracefull, you ftiall then doe well to feeme fenfible of it,
and to ufe this Argument ; that his Ambafi^ador is ufed here with better forme,
being never kept three Daies from Audience, whenfoever he defires it.

For the points concerning the Treaty, you doe very wifely and feafonably re-
member them ; not that I thinke he will be brought to many of thofe things, but
becaufe I fee the lack of renewing Treaties betweene him and the Qiieene, makes
him think that he doth her Majeftie a Pleafure to fiiffer her Cloth to be vented,
or allmoft any certaintie obferved for Tmpofition. Only I have thought good to
lett you know, that I am doubtfiall leaft there will be propounded fome Conditi-
ons, that will abate her Majeftie's Cuftomes, which of late Years have had aug-
mentation. And therefore if you could informe your felfe underhand, what Con-
ditions it is like they will infift upon, I would further carry on the purpofe of en-
tring into a Treaty : Allthough at this time, we have now (as you know) two

Treaties

Book II. Negotiation in France. 1^7

Treaties tovvardc, one vvich Spaine, and the other with T>enmarke. In the yin. 1600.
Treaty of 'Dcnmarke theic arc the Commimoncrs, the Bifliop of London^ Mr.
Tarkyns^ and ibme other Civihan. The Meeting is at Embdcn^ where the King
dorh lend his Chancellor, and an another principall Pcrfon. If itfeeme flrangc that
a Btjhop is employed, it may Iccme rather ftraungcr, tbat all other Trinces doe
employe them., and only here in England they have Barrons livings, and doe noe
Service., hut ivalke in Cloyflcrs. For France, the Erie of N^orthumhcrlartd,
Yourfelf, Mr. Harbert, and Mr. Beak fliall be the Commiflioners. Or if there
be any change, it will be fomc other in the Place of Mr. Harbert, becaufe his
qualitie is not liifficicnt to anlwcrc Richardott. Of my owne coraming over I
hope to make prevention ; for befidcs that I would be loath to undergoe the Bur-
then, it doth no way agree with my fortune to be at new Charges. For your-
felf, no Man lliould be gladder to fee you if I did goe: But for the Jorney to
Lyons or Mar/eilles you iliall not neede to provide, for her Majeftie will dif^
penfe with it.

Having now imparted unto you as much as the prefent tyme affordeth, I muft
conclude my Letter with a Requefb. This Bearer, is a yong Gentleman whofe
Name is Townjhcnd; he hath bin well bredd, and by his owne Induftrie attayned
to a good fuperficiall Knowledge in the French and Italian Tongues, and would
be able with a little exercife to write faire Hands. My end is (at his Returne)
to have him attend upon my Boye, in which relped: I can be content to be at
fome moderate Charge with him. Now Sir I lliall take it for a very great Fa-
vour, if you will pleafe to caufe Ibme of your People to place him in Ja Cham-
bre garnie in Taris, and to agree for all Charges incident. For I know by Ex-
perience, that if thofe yong Men that goe over, were levered from Companie of
Englilh, that their Language would increafe in much fliorter tyme: And I am
purpofed he fliall not flay long, and doe defire his Tongue may be pure. To this
I muft adde only this Requeft, that you would be plealed (even for my poore
poyes lake your Wive's Cofen) that '^x.JVyn'woodox fome of yours, may hear-
i.en whether he ufe any riottous Life or Diforder, and certifie me, to the Intenc
that I may gefTe whether he be fitt to be neere my Sonne : And further, that you
will direo: him to reibit to the Exercifes of the reformed Religion, and that you
will be pleafed to give him leave to repaire to your godly Exercifes ; but in no
fort to be converfant in your Houfe, becaufe it is full of Englijh. When yo«
have done me thefe frendly Offices, (to trouble yourfelf for my lake) I pray you
certifie me how the State of the Charges ftands, and I will pay it here to whom
you will afligne: A courfe which I think meeter to be ufed, then to have left
him to make his owne provifion for any of thofe things. And becaufe I meane
to Proportion the Charge he fliall put me to, I defire to beare from you before I
afligne him any other Receipts, elpecially for uncertaine Expences, both becaufe
it nuy be a Motive to lavim fpending, and becaufe my meaning is (though he
be a Gentleman born) to have him fafliioned in his Difpoficion to doe my Sonne
fervice. Only I doe defire that your Stuard or Secretary, may give him fiich
Mony from time to time, for Apparrell and other Neceflaries, as you fliall think
fitt; which I will fee difcharged, though not with ten in the hundred, yet with
the Intereft of many Thanks. Her Majeftie doth very well allovve that you
have prefled for the Debts, and meaneth herlelf to deale Jiraynably with the Em-
bafl!ador. And foe, ^c.

Tour very loving Frend, 8cc.

RO. CECYLL,

Since the Writing of this Letter, her Majeftie hath commaunded me to tell
you merily, that aUtho' you write one Letter of State Matters, yet fhe mufl:
have allwaies one half Sheet of Court Newes and Accidents. The Erie of Ef
fex's remove to his Houfe, is agreable to that I have formerly written, and foe
will be the reft of the Proceeding, Jutable to the ^eenes benign Difpofition.

Sir

I

I ^ 8 Sir H E N iiY N E v 1 1 l'^ Book II.
j^M. 1600. . '

^/r Henry Neville to Mr.Secremry Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts ^'^ J^ril 1600. O.S.

Wrote unto you lately by a Servant of mine owne, advertifeing you what
__^ Propofitions I had made unro the King, to difcover his Intentions in the moft
materiall Points I had negotiated with him fince my comming; that fo her Ma-
jeftie being fully elected what account and aflurance flie could make of him,
might refolve with better ground in this her great Bufinefs. The Satterday af-
ter I difpatched him, Monfieur deVtlleroy came unto me, and brought me this
Anfwere, ' ' That the King's Intent and Defire, was not only to entertay ne all for-
" mer Treaties and Alliances made with her Majeftie and her PredeceflbrS, and
" namely that of 1572, but to fortifie and renewe them, and if neede were, to
" increale them; protefting of the King's exceeding Affeition towards her Ma-
-*^ jeftie, and of his great Obligation that he acknowledged to owe her; and
" therefore made offer, that the King would fend purpofely into EnglaJtd, asfoon
" as it ihould pleafe her Majeftie, a Man of very good qualitie; to conclude, and
" performe what lliould be fitt, touching that Treaty. And that the lame Par-
" ty Ihould have Power likewife to agree of theTyme, and Forme of Repay-
" ment of her Money, both for this prefent Yere, and for an annuall Somme
'*' till the Debt were difcharged: And likewife to determine of fome good courle
*' to her Majeftie's Contentment, touching the two laft Points contayned in my
" Propofition. I replied, that the Alifwere was unperfitt and uncertain in the
*' firfl and chiefeft Point I had propofed, touching the Mony; which had no AfE-
" nitie with the other matter of theTreaty, which I had allways feverally ne-
•' gotiated, and wherein the King had ingaged himfelf by many Promifes to give
'*' me a Ipeedy Anfwere ; and faid, that if the King had any purpofe to give her
*'• Majeftie Contentment therein, I faw no reafon why he Ihould refule to declare
*' it, his Ejiate being allready /fr/^/i^^'^ for this Yere, and fower Moneths of it
*'v allready pafl, and the Seafon come, wherein her Majeftie might with reafon
•' exped:, rather to receave Mony then to debate of it. That no Treaty could
" binde the King to the Payment of the Money more ftrongly, then he was all-
" ready bounde, nor yet make him more able to do it. That by performing in
" fome meafure the Contracts he had allready made, he Ihould give the Queene
** more caufe to truft the Trearyes he offred to renewe : Whereas otherwife, re-
" fufing to fatisfye herein the leaftDemaund Ihe could make him, (but wherein
" Ihe had greatcft Reafon and Juftice of her fide,) he gave her little caufe to
" hope of Favour and Affiftance, in any greater meafure, if Ilie Iliould neede it.
" Therefore T prayed I might receave a more direct and plaine Anfwere in the
•' matter of the Money, without which I lliould have little comfort to relate the
*' reft. And for that purpofe I defired him to procure me Atidmice of the King
*' with fome Expedition. He faid he would relate my Speech unto the King,
" and procure me Audience if he could." The next Day I follicited my Au-
dience both by him and Monfieur (^£"G(?/7^, but could not obtaine if. The Mor-
row after early the King went to St. Germalns, promifing to returne that Night,
but came not till the next Day after Dinner, and that Evening departed towards
Fontalneblean., to be private and take the Dyett for 10 or ix Dales. Wherefore
feing I was not like to have Acceffe unto him of a good time, I made a little
iliort Reply in writing, (whereof I fend a Coppie) upon Monfieur de Vllleroy's
Promife to prefent it to the King, and to procure me an Anfwere. This Morning
I went to him to receave the Anfwere, which he delivered me in this fort;
;";iThat whereas I defired to knowe certainly what Somme of Money the King
" Would paye her Majeftie this Yeare, he could not abfolutely give me anfwere,
" nor would he refolve, till he heard an Anfwere of his laft Difpatch he made
" mx.Q) England, '•^Mxi^ he hoped would give her Majeftie good Contentation.
" In the meane time he praied me to have Patience, and to interprete the beft

" of

Book II. Negotiation in France. 169

" of his Anfwcrc, both in mync ownc Conccipr, and in my Report co her Ma- An. 1600.
" jeftic.

Now, Sir, to deliver you myConcciprof this matter, this it is, They are infinitely
dcfirous to hreake off this Treaty of 'Peace, or if that cannot be, at the leaf to
hold the chief T lace and Inter cfl in her Nhjefic's Jtiiitie; and for that pir-
fofe are 'willing to renewe the Treaties. But they are jealous that her Maje-
fie hath no Intention to do it, and found themfelvcs therein, (as Monficur de
Villcroy hiinfclf difcovercd in fpeech unto me) upon fcr,2c cold Anfjverc, Mon-
fieur dc Boififfc receavcd in that matter about two Men eths finer, ether from
her Majefie or your Honor. And I learnc for ccrtaine, and by good mcancs,
that Monficur de Villcroy takes all this that I have done, to procccdc from mc,
d'Offce as they tcrmc it, only to found them, anddiawe fomc Promifc of Money
from them; which done, her Majefie (he thinks) hath no p;:rpofe to renege
the Treaties. But if it pleafe her Majeflie to cleerc them of that Doubt, and to
offer to rcnewe the Treaties, upon Condition they will pay hci- fiich a Sommc of
Money as ihe fliall think fitt this Ycrc, (which notwithftanding will hardly be
above 200000 Crownes, if fo much,) and afTure her of an anniiall Payement till
the Debt be difchargcd; ether you iliall drawe that Contenrraent and Aflurance
from them which you would, (as I verily beleeve you may at this tyme) or you
fliall gaine another Point of no fmall Advantage, namely, to difcover that you
are not to truf or build upon any thing from them at any time. For if they
will doe nothing now, (her Majeftic's Occafions to mainraine her Warres, and
their ownc Interefts to affure her Amitie fo leafonably requiring it,) you may
make a fure Conclufion, that no other occafion will drawe it from them. And
if there be no other Fruit but that made of this Negotiation, I thinke it not im-
pertinent nor unfruitfall for her Majeftie, that foe may not be dcceaved in the
account which happily f he makes of this King. But as I faid, I rather beleeve
the former : And the better to drawe them to it, it will not be amiffe to enter-
tayne the Treaty with Spaine, whether you think to conclude it or nay, at leaf
till yon have receaved from hence the SatisfaElion you loo ke for. And though
you iliould both intend and fee likelyhood to conclcde a Peace with Spaine, I
fee not why it fhould not be good for the ^leene to differre it foe lo'/g, till fhe
might both affure her Marchants State and Trade here, and drawe hence per-
adventure fifty or threefcore thoufand Tound: whereof the Teace being once
made, foe is in daunger never to fee a Tenny. They will not offer to binde you
not to make 'Peace with Spaine, but only feeke to afTure themfelves, that you will
not make Alliance with Spaine again ft them, which is the thing they extreme-
ly feare, and whereof in my poor e Opinion they would be held in doubt, till you
drawe S at is fa^ ion from them. If her Majeftie be pleafed to continue this Ne-
gotiation , fhe mull firft- advowe my Proceeding with them, els your confirme
Mo'dfieur de Villeroy'j- Sufpicion, andovcrtkrowe the very Gi onnd of all. Next
I defjre to have an Anfwere with all poffible fpcede. Monficur de Villcroy re-
ceaved a Packett upon Munday laft fromMonfieur de Boififfe in four Dales : I
llippoie it imports fomewhar, comming in fuch hafic, though I cannot learne
v/har. The lafl Weeke before he brought me my Anfwere, he fent away in
great fpeede, which made me likewife fend away my Servant at the fame tyme.
I underftand he fends againe to morrow, and therefore I have difpatched this
Meflenger, wiUing him to take Poft all the way, that he may prevent his Currier
if it be poflible. Your Honor will be pleafed to have fome Confideration of him
accordingly, for fure the ordinary Allowance in that cafe will fcarce defraye the
Charge.

The King purpofeth about the iC^ o? May to beginne his Jorney toward Ly-
ons, which argueth that he is not fully affured of the Duke of Savoy, though his
AmbafTador here interfaine him with many faire Proraifes. Yoor Honor ieeth,
that if you will have any thing negotiated with this King, you mufl lofe no time.
Monfiear deVilleroy told me, if the Queene would, the King would fend with-
in theie three Weeks to renewe the Treaty. I befeech your Honor, if you will

X X ' have

I70 Sir Henry NevillV Bookll.

^n. 1600. have any thing done, ufe fpeede in direding me, and fend by an ordinary Mef-
fenger, for Gentlemen that bring Packetts make no hade. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's mojiy Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

The Party whom the King doth purpole to fend to be infialled in the Order
for him, is Monfieur de Chattes Governour of T)ie^e ; who, as Monfieur de Vtl-
leroy doth afTure me, ihall have Commifllon to treate hkewife of thefe Points
which herein have bin mentioned. The States have allready this Yeare receaved
5-0000 Crowns here, and are proraifed 5-0000 more in June next, with affurancc
alfo of 1 00000, to be payed them before the end of this Yere.

Memoire prefente au Roy le 1 1 d'Avril 1600.

SIRE,

L' Ambafadeur de la Royne d'Angleterre ayant receu commandement de s'ap-
frefier four fe trouver a cejie Ajfemblee 'Des 'Depitles a Boulogne.^ on ily
a apparence qtCU trouver a aujjy quelqiies 11ns des principaux Confeilliers des
fa Majejie., qui hiy commanderont paraventiire de leur faire rapport de ce qu'il
a negocie avecq vojire Majejie depuis fa venue-, & de la Refponce qu'il en a ti-
ree, afin qu'efiant bien efclaircis de la Volonte & Intention d' ice lie., ilz puiffent
avec plus de Lumiere & Fondement fe refouldre & proceder au faiii de ce
Traiti^ : Supplie pourtant trejhumblement vojire Majejie, de Iny faire decla-
rer avant qu'il parte, voflre plaifir & refolution determinee aux points fuy-
"vans, lefquels il vous a cy devant a diverfes fois proposes, fans tout esfois en
avoir pen recevoir la fatisfa£}ion qu'il defiroit.

Trimierement, que fuyvant la promejfe que voftre Majejie a fouvent faiEie
a la dite T)ame Royne, par le dit Ambajfadeur, que par le fen en Angleterre,
de Itiy repayer cefte annee quelque bonne fomme de ce qtielle luy prefla durant
fes troubles, il luy plaife declarer quelle Satisfaction Elk entende faire a la
dite "Dame, t ant pour cefte annee prefente, que pour les annees finvantes, juf
ques a ce, que ladite debte foit defchargee : Et ce, tant en Cas que la paix fe
face, qu'autrement.

Secondement, qu' ayant voftre Maj eft e fait entendre par cy devant au dit Am-
bajfadeur, que voftre intention eft, non feulement d'obferver & entretenir les
TraiEiesf aides avec Ladite 'Dame tant par voftre Maj eft e que par vosprede-
cejfeurs iS mefmes celuy de I' an 15-72-, mats auJJy de les confirmer, & renouvel-
leri & les augmenter fl il en eft befoign : II vous plaife declarer audit Ambaf-
fadeur plus particuUerement voftre volonte la dejfus, a f^ avoir, quant au dit
TraiSie de I' an if/x; puis qu'il femble, qu'une fmple fignification de voftre In-
tention-, n' eft pas fiijfif ante pour le remeCtre en force, ains qu'il aura befoign
d'eftre exprejfement renouvelle, quand & en quelle forte voltre Majefte entend
de proceder d la confirmation d'iceluy, & que c'eft quelle defire d'y adjoufter ; a-
fin que la dite "Dame fe puijje efclaircir de voftre Intention, & ff avoir le fon-
dement ^ ajfenrance qu'elle pourra faire de voftre Amitie eit tous evenemens.

Tiercement, Tuis qu'il n'y a rien plus contraire d la condition de bonne A-
mitie & aux Tr aides mefmes que voftre Majefte a faids avecq la dite "Dame,
que de permeBre que vos SubjeEls aillent fervir aux Navires des Ennemis de
la dite T)ame, an prejudice notable d' ice lie, ce que voftre Majefte' a promis au
dit Ambajfadeur de ne pas permedre dorefnavant, mais d'en faire les de fen fes
requifes ; §^'il plaife a voftre Majefte declarer, en quelle forte elk entend
d'y proceder, en Cas que la Guerre dure entre la dite T)ame, ^ Le Roy d'Ef
pagne, ^ I'Archiduc.

En ^/atrieme lien, fir ce que voftre Majefte a cy deuant aujfy declare au
dit Ambajfadeur, que fan Intention n'eft que fes Subjeds abufent de la liberte

du

Book II. Negotiation in France. 171

du traffic q ^ Commerce en. Efpagnc an prejudice de la ditc T)amc, en y port ant An. 1600.
de la France, on d'aillenrs, Armes, Munitions, Artillerid, pcudres, on antres -/-"vx^'
chofis propres^necejfaires pourJEquippage ^ Attelage des Navires, qui de
faiB ne Je peuvent (implement ^ proprement conter entre les Marchandifes,
mais ont tousjours ejle SuhjeBs a tin reiglement particnlicre ; ^iil plaife a vo-
Jire Majcjh^, declarer an dit Amhajfadeur fa 'volontc particnlieremcnt la deffiis,
en quelle forte Elle a deliberd de I'empefcher, ou permecire que la dite T>ame
VEmpefche., en Cas que la Taix ne fe face avec le ait Roy d'Efpagne.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Sir Henry Neville.

SIR, xc)th Apr ill 1600.

I Have now receaved two efpeciall Packetts lately from you, (fince I wrote
unto you by yong To'wnejhend) whereupon I will make you anfwere, after
I iliall have acquainted you how Things have pafled here. You iliall underfland
that Mr. Edmondes is arrived three Daies fmce, who harh declared the Subflance
of his Negotiation, which is this in efifed': That thofe three Taints, to which
her Majeflie gave Refufall, have bin declared to xk^c Archduke with Trotejiation,
as being Things of fo extreme and exorbitant Nature, that her Majeftie can in
no wife yeeld unto them. To the which, (alkhough they feemed mightily to op-
pofe) yet in Conclufion they defire a Meeting by their Letter, which contain-
eth (implicative) that feeing they defire to meet, we ought toymagine they have
a purpofe to accommodate ; for if they had not, it may be well judged, that it
doth behove them to be as fenfible of a vayne Colloquie, as the ^leene.

Hereupon her Majeftie hath returned this Anfwere, which will appear to you
by the Letter inclofed. And you are further to underftand, that it is her Maje-
ftie's Pleailire that you fliall be a Commiflloner ; for which purpofe you ftiall do
well to drawe downe to Ibme good Towne nere Bo lien, whereby you may meet
(upon a Dale's Warning) the reft of your Fellowe Commillioners, that Ihall be
deputed from hence, without being driven one of you to ftay for another. It is
alllb her Majeftie's Pleafure, (in reiped: of the Qualitie and Place you hold there)
that you Ihall lupplie the fuprew.e Tlace in this Commiffion ; out of this Rea-
fon, that the King (?/'Spaine'j- Ambajfador muft not appeare in the IVorld, to be
too good to be matched with her Majejiie's A?nbaJfador, yea though there were
odds in their particular Qualities, (which if it be, the beft I am fure is on your
fide.) When it was thought that the Admirall oi Arragon fliould have bin one,
and had the fupreme Place, then was it meant to have fent the Earle oi Northum-
berland-^ but now perceiving this Tranlpofition, and that Carrillo is come in his
place, her Majeftie intendeth that Mr. iizr^^r^, 'Mx.Beale, znd^'Nit. Edmo7tdes,
fhall be appointed to anlwere him, Richardott, and Verreyken. I pray you, Sir,
lett this Letter give you fufficieut notice of this her Majeftie's Refolution; which
I doe lend unto you with all Expedition, becaufe you may the better provyde
for all things fitt for you at Bollen. For which purpofe I thinke you may do
well to fend over fome Servant of yours, that may behold the manner of their
Preparations that goe from hence, to whom I will be an Affiftant in all things
that concerne you as to my owne Brother; protefting unto you, that I am glad
her Majeftie hath eleBed you to be a Steerer in this waighty A(faire., becaufe
both her Majeftie doth take you, (and fo doth my felf with others aftpure our
f elves,) that you have too much Religion and 'T)ifcretion, to give way to any
private Taffion or prejudicateT)iJpoftion, ether violently to JVarre, or blynde-
ly to Teace, more or lefs then the matter it felfe ftoall carry ^ upon fafe and ho-
norable Grotmds.

It

172 Sir H E N Rt N E V 1 T. l'j Book 11.

^n. i6oo. Ir rcmaincth r,ov,% that I returne you this Anfwere to both your Letters; as
well the one containiug xhc firji Trofofition, as the other wherein you doe ad-
vertife Monfieur de Villeroj'^ RepUe. On Sonday laft (before which tyme I had
acquainted her Majeflie with all Particulars) the Ambaflador craved Audience^
at which time the Subftance of his Speech was to take notice of your fyrft Me-
moryal!, and wirhall to bcfecch her Majeflie to open her fclf, " injhat time /he
" would appoint for the Treaty, and what Somme of Money Jhe would aske, to
" the intent that when there fliould be any Perfons appointed, that matter might
" Jikewife be accommodated ; ftill affirming, that alhhough it might be that the
" Legiftc^ (as he termed them) might conceave the Treaty at Bloys (which
" Henry \\\. did r en ewe by his Letter) to be extinguijhed, becanfe the King
" that now is had not obferved this Forme; yet he could never imagine but in
" true Conftruftion, the two Crownes were pofTefled of all the Intereft which
" could be derived from that Treaty. Upon this Speech her Majeflie told him,
" it feeraed wondcrfu!! prepoflerous to her, that this matter of the Money
" (wherein fhe had foe long attended a particular Refolution) fliould have any
" new reference to the matter of the Treaty; and therefore told him, that ali-
" though file v/as exceedingly difpofed, and ready to enter into any Treaty, yet
" if fhe thought the Anfwere for the point of the iirfl Payment, fhould have any
" Dependency or Sufpenfion, for any Circumftances that muft ether goe before
"or after the Treaty, flie lliould thinke her felfe unduely proceeded withall.
Wherein flie flill ranne the courfe, to jhewe that fhe nether intended to treat in
refpe5l of the Money, nor to valewe the Money more then the Treaty. From
that he fell flill to aske her Majeflie what Somme flie would have of the French
King\ who (being not a little moved to heare nothing but dilatory Qucflions)
anfwered him roundly, "■ That f ye had no other Particular to Jpeake of but to
" dejire to be payed her'Debt, and {o brake of fomewhat diicontented." With
this he was not a little troubled, and came to my Lord Admirall and my felf
and told us what had pafTcd; " faying that the Queene asked Impoflibihties, for
*' the King would begin to pay her, if fhe would be content to take fome Por-
" tion, but to take all it was in vaine to fpeake of: Whereupon we required him
" to forbeare to make his Difpatch, untill we might fpeake with her Majeflie,
•' with whom we thought we fliould 'io cleere the point, as flie would bring him
*' a better Subjeft for his Letters." Herewith he feemed fatisfied, and fb yefler-
day in the Aftcrnoone he had Conference with her Majeflie's Counfail. At our
Meeting, we told him " That her Majeflie had commanded us (for he had com-
" p'ayned the Day before of lack of Juflice in matters of Depredations) to de-
" cJare thefe three Things. Firfl, the great Care her Majeflie had taken, by
" conftituting certayne Comraiflioners fummarily to determine thofeDifTerences,
" wherein we were able to give him fome Inflances of Juflice done on our parts;
" where (for ought tliat we knov/) there was very fewe cr none of the French
*' Kin^s fart. Next we told him, that (becaufe her Majeflie had feene many
" hard Meafures cffred m France to her Subjedls, and many Priviledges denied,
" wherein they were interefied by virtue of former Treaties) her Majeflie hath
" caufed her Ambaffaclor to prefTe a Re-eflablifliment of the fame; and foe much
" the rather, becaule yt hath fallen out, that when Complaint was made by our
" Marchants, for Courles taken repugnant to fuch Priviledges as have bin graunt-
" ed by former Treaties ; they have bin anfwered by the King's Miniflers in
" fuch cold manner, as though they were beholding for new Curtefies, if
" old Orders were obferved. In which Confideration, her Majeflie had com-
" maunded ycu, to propound to the King fome convenient way to be efla-
" bliflied, that the Subjedls of eche Prince might knowe what to truft to.
" Thirdly we told him, he mufl not conclude that her Majeflie had no meauT
" ing, to prefTe the King of all the Debt at once , (becaufe flie demaunded
" no Summe in particular) but that flie did thinke it prepoflerous for a Creditor
" to aske a Portion of a Debtor, to whom it belonged to make the Demaund in
" particuler, if he found himfelf not able to pay the whole. This did a little

" quiett,

Book II. Negotiation in France. 173

" quicrt him, and he thereupon dcfired, if \vc would not fpcake it to him as ^;;. k;,-^
" Mr. Amhdifador, that we would (out of the Opinion we had of his Intention
" to doc the bcfl: Offices) declare unto him what we did privately conceavc
" would be accepted by the QLiccnc, if it were oflicd. Whcreunto we told
" him, though we had no warrant, yet we would thus farre open our fclves, that
" if the King would pay looooo/. at three Payments in one Yeare, the firfl: in
" 7V//?v, the iecond fix Monerhs after, and the lad at the Yeares end; we were of
" opinion, that her Majcftic would make iome accord (amon^cft other Articles
" of the Treaties to be renewed) for the Payment of the Refidue, in liich fort
" as fliould be reafbnable; defiring only to be elected in the firfl Point, what to
" trult to of this firfl Yeare, without Reference to further Treaty; confidering
" that it fhould dilcover a Weakenes '\\\ her, to have more debating upon that
" which is pafl Difputation. Wc did alllb lett him knowe, (becaufe the Circum-
<' fiances of Commiflioners to be imployed in the Adion of Treaty were liibjed:
*' to many delaies) that llich was her Majcflie's opinion of his Intcf^ritie and
*' Judgement, as Ihe meant to require you to move the French Kino^, (and ib
*' you mu(l doe) to ufe ilo other Formalitie in that point, then to give his Em-
" baHador here, large and ample Power to treate and conclude all things for Re-
" llauration of the Treaties in force. Which flie defired lb much the more, be-
' ' caufe fhe thought it fbmething detradive from the Opinion which the World
" had formerly conceived of the Perfection of their Amity, when a Leapne
" was made oflenfive and defenfive, there iliould appeare neceffitie of new Trea-
" ties betweene them two ; which was the Caufe that ihe did wifh the fame might
* ' be carried as much as might be fine Jirefitu ; and withall commaunded us to
" adde farther, that if the King and his Couniail did thinke the Treaties of i^/i,
" fufficiendy in force without any further Treaty, and that he would by his
" Letter write that he tooke it foe, and meant to hold it fo, her Majeflie would
" never goe further, but doe the like to his full Satisfadion". This I write
by her Majcflie's Commaundment, both becaufe the Embaflador feemeth here to
urge it, that the doubtfullnes of the Strength of the former Treaty proceeds
firfl from us, (when they tooke themfelves to be abfolutely bound) as alfo, be-
caufe her Majellie would not have the purpole of fending new Commiffioners hi-
ther, to be the Caufe of delaying an Order for the Payment of theMoney. Nether
(to you be it fpoken under benedlcite) doth flie much care to renewe Treaties,
except It be necefTarie for the good of her Subjeds Trade, feeing there is fo fmall
afTurance by them. It is true, that he complayned to the Queene for lack of
Juflice; but we made him at our Conference confefle, that he had both receaved
Juflice and Execution in divers things. Then he began to lay the fault upon
the Proceedings at the Common Law, which did graunt Prohibitions oftentimes
againll the Admiraltie, which bredd chargeable Delaies. Whereof, (when we
drewe him to Ipeake of Ibme Particulers) we found he could give us no inflance
but in one cafe, which is Ihortly this. Whenfoever an OfTence is comlnitted at
Sea, the Court of Admiralty may arrell, leaze and graunt Execution upon all
that is brought in, in what place ibeVer the Offendors or any for them have be-
flowed their Goods, But when it falleth out, that Goods taken at Sea are aftef
fold up6n the Land, and fo the Property changed, it is true they are within the
Jurifdidion of the Common Law. Which is nether fo frequent, nor of fo great
Importance for him to millike, confidering that it is provided for by Statute Law
in that cafe, that upon the Parties exhibiting his Bill in Chancerye, the Lord
Keeper will give him his Remedy. Whereof when we informed him, he told us
that the CommilTioners fliould have diredled the French to this Courfe, which
they underllood not. To which we anfwered, that the CommifTioners uled not
to give Counfell, but that it properly belonged to their Advocats, who if they
did not put them into the right way, the fault was not ours. Some other Com-
plaints he made, which being examined are things done by the F'yrats-, who he
is fiire (by the Experience he had allready) Ihall receave Juflice even by the loffe
of their Lives, \vhich is the only Satisfadion any Prince can give, except flie

Yy fhould

174. &r Henry Neville Book II.

An. 1600. fliould pay out of her owne Coffers, for the Robberies of OfTendors. Befides I
pray you to note, and fo I pray you to avow, that fince the Accord pafled, for'
fufficient Orders and Cautions in thefe Cafes of ReprifaLl to be putt in when
Shippesgoe to Sea; he is not able to complaine of one Offence, wherein he hath
not had true Execution of Juftice; But for as much as he pretendeth here, that
divers of her Majefties Subjeds have receaved Execution upon Judgment, and
that we doe not "heare of any one that is fatisfied, I pray you lett me be in-
formed how they are ufed there. For Alderman JVatts (whom he alleaged for
one) complayneth, that though he have had Sentence of one of his Caufes, he is
no whitt neerer Execution.

I doe fend you herewith a Letter written in the favour of Mr. Thy nne^ where-
in her Majeftie would be gladd you could procure fome good Courfe. You
fliali allfo doe well (upon your acceffe to the King) to fay formally, that you
were commaunded to impart unto him, her Majeflie's further Stepp towards the
Treaty, becaufe he lliall not think himfelf to be too farre a Straunger. How
things have bin carried heretofore, I neede not repeat unto you, nether is there
any great Neceflltie of Repetition unto him. It may fuffife that you declare
now unto him, that feeing her Majeftie hath foe difcharged herfelfe to the
Archduke by Mr. Edmondess loft Negotiation, as they cannot be ignorant of
her Refolution in poynt of Confequence, and yet (that being fufficiently known)
he flill inviteth her to have a Meeting; her Majeftie hath thought fftt (having
formerly ingaged her felf by promife that flie would treat) to take occafion now
under the Judgment which flie doth make of his laft Writings by Mr. Edmondes,
wherein he ftill did prefle the Meeting, rather to proceed on to the Colloquie,
then to breake off" before: Whereby llie might receave the fcandall of Indifpo-
fition to peace and quiettnes, (from which humour flie hath ever difclaymed.)
Though file is pleafed that you fliall fatisfye him from her, that (whatfoever
may be their Ends or Artifices) Jhe will never be drawen by all the Conference
in the JVorld, to any other then good and honorable Conditions, with care for
ever of her Allies. Next you muft thank him on her Majeftie's Behalf, for his
courteous Offer of the Tovvne of Bollen, whereof fhe doth accept, and from
whence flie doth meane to acquaint him as there fhal be caufe, with the Degrees
of her proceeding ; being yett but only able to give him this taft of the firft be-
ginning. You fhall doe well to make choice of fome confident Perfon whom
you may leave behinde you, and fo to proportion your tyme of comming from
him towards Bollen, as he may not take occafion by your too haflie coming
away, to deferre that which her Majeftie moft expedteth ; but that (if it be pof-
fible) you tarry to procure fome certain hold for the Mony, which will be an
acceptable OfRce to the Queene ; who hath precifely commaunded me to will
you, not to poft away from him fooner, then by neceflitie you lliall be occafion-
ed for your arrivall at Bollen, where your fellow Commiflioners iliall meet you
with InftriiEiions.

I pray you Sir informe your felf what you may, of the beft Arguments we may
ufe to maintaine our Trecedency with Spaine, and by your next Letters give me
Ibme taft, what you can learne there of it. For though I meane to furnifli my
felf here with as many Arguments as I can ; yet becaufe the matter (as I doe un-
derftand) was in queftion betweene France and Spaine at the laft Meeting, I
would be gladd to heare with what Arguments ech Partie maintayned their Pre-
tenfions. I pray you allfo lett me have a coppye of fuch demaunds as you have
made of the Debts to the French King, that I may fee to what Somme you
drawe them, and by what Authority you maintayne them ; that our Conference
here with the EmbafTador may agree with yours there.

Thus I have (as lively as I can) reprefented unto you the true Image of the
Aflaires here, wherein allthough it be true, that the EmbafTador here hath a
picquant Spirit e cladd with ext email Formalitie, yet may you fb proceed
there at this time, as you fhali finde that he by his Letters hath carryed himfelf;
for he hath written a Difpatch this Day, and promifeth to perfornie Miracles by

earneft

Book II. Negotiation hi Vrance. 175

carnefl Recommendation of her Majcllic's Dcmaunds. And thus having tyred ^4//. 1600.
you and my I'clf with a long Letter I commit you to God and remayne. " ^

From the Court Tour very loving Freindy Sec.

atGreenwk/j. RO. CECYLL

Since the Writing of this Letter, a moft unfortunate Newes is arrived: For the
Eric of Ormonde in a Parley with a vile Traitor one Onney Mac Rory of Lem-
Jiery is taken Tri finer by treachery of an Embnfcade. Sir George Cary the Pre-
fident of Mounjier was in his Company, and the Rebells had hold of his Horfe
and hiiu, but by the Strength of his own Horle and his own Rcfolution, he brake
from them. Till this infortunity to his Lordfhip's Pcrfon, (which is a very
great dillionor) things went very well for us in Ireland, and good likelyhood
there is ftill.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tdrisi,^ Aprill\6oo, O. S.

IReceaved more then 8 Dales fmce your Honor's Letter by Mr. Town/hend^
which I have difFerred to anfvveare hitherto for want of a MelTenger. And
this being the firft opportunity offred, I would not omitt it ; but was willing to
let your Honor underftand, that I have placed yix.TownJhend in a Minifter's
Houfe, where I am liire he fliall be very well ufed, and have many helpes both
for the Language and any other Studye he affe6ts ; which he could not have elf-
where. The Charge of his Lodging and Dyett will be ten Crownes a Moneth,
which I will fee disburfed from time to time as it fliall be due, and likewife fur-
nifli him for his other Wants as your Honor requireth. I will be carefuU allfo
to looke into his Converfation, fo to make fome judgment of him whether he
be fitt for that Imployment that your Honor defignes him for, which I know to
be of great Regard and Importance unto you.

Since my laft by Simons, there hath happened no great matter worth the ad-
vertifing. The King hath bin and yett is, at Fontainebleau in his Dyett, which
he began on Fryday laft, and will finifh to morrowe ; during which time there
have bin fome offers and tenders of a Conference betweene Monfieur du Tleffis^
and the Biihop of Etireux, but they cannot agree of the forme and method of it.
The Jorney to Lyons holds, fo as the King doth appoint to keep the Feajl of the
Order du St. Efprit at Moulins upon Whitfonday, having now transferred it
from New-yeares-tide till that time, as more proper for it. We beginne to be
uncertaine of the 'Princejfe of Florence's arrival ; it is thought the King will
not lett her ftay for the Grand T)Mche(fes Companie, but will haften her comming
fo, as flie may be at Marfeilles in Jnne or July, becaufe he would make a Ipee-
dier returne into thefe Parts. Her Dowry will be about 400 thoufand Crownes,
befides fome 25*0 thouland that the T^iike had lent this King, which fliall be
drowned as Parcell of her Portion. The Count Fuentes Soldiers are allready ar-
rived in part at Genoua, and himfelf with the reft is expedted prefently. He
comes with the fame Authoritie that the Duke d'Alva had in the Warre againft
Taul the 4* : Namely to command all the Spanifli Forces, (if occafion be) in
Milan, Naples and Sicilie, and with Commiftion to levy 6000 Suiffes, and to
make an Army of 20000 Men, if neede be. He brings with him a Million of
Treafure. This maks all Men (as I wrote,) doubtfuU of the Duke of Savoy, yet
his Minifters entertayne the King with good Words, and in outward Demonftra-
tion he feemes to beleeve them: Yet he hath allready fent away the Tiuke oiVen-
dofmes Companie of Horfe to attend him at Monlins, and the Regiment of his
Gards hath order to march that way likewife. There is an embleme that pafleth
here underhand, whereby fome flirewde conceited Fellowe would reprefent the

prefeat

17^ &r Henry Nevillj Book II.

jin. i()Oo. prefenc State oi France. The Devife is this, a Globe fupported by fower Fillers,
'"" -^ -- cveiy Filler reprefenting a principall Perfonage, as the one the Chancellonr, with
this Word Iiiutilis aquitas; another Monficur de Rofiiy-, with this Word, Ut'i-
lis iniqnitas\, the third the Marihall ^/>d>;/, with this Word, Fidelis temerkas;
the fourth Monfieur de Villeroy with this Word Trudens mfdelitas: Upon the
Topp of the Globe the King is made fitting with this Word, liifwLix Felkitas.

After great and long inftance made by the Fope's Miniflers, the King bath af-
Jented to the Reception and author Ifmg the Councile of Trent /';/ this Realme^
and there is an Arreft of the Tri-vy Connfail allready given for it. Not lono-
fiacethe Chancellor propofed the Matter to x.\\q TreJideJits and Chief Connfail-
tors of the Tar lament, fent for purpofely to his owne Houfe; requiring them
in the King's Name, to ratifie that which had bin done by the Counfail. Their
Anfwcre was, that it was a matter that had bin often offred unto that Court,
and throughly debated, but allwaies rejeEied, as daungerous and derogatory to
the Eft ate. Liberty, and Honor of this Crowne; and that they f aw not what
new Reafon could be alle aged for it now, more then had bin heretofore, which
might make them differ in judgment and opinion from, thofe that had pojfejfed
their T laces in former times, and therefore defirednot to be preffed in it. The
Chauncellor in the end replied with fome choller, that if they would jtot doe it
with their good f Fills, there would be me anes found that they Jhould be forced
tQ do it. Which Speech of his was found very ftraung by them, and very of?en-
iively taken. Since I heare, they are commaunded to certifie unto the Counfail,
all the A(5ts and proceedings that have bin formerly in that Court, touching that
Matter. It is a thing that all Men look after, efpecially thole of the Religion
who apprehend a very great difadvantage by it ; allthough it is not intended to
pajfe, but with Refervation of the Libertye graunted by the King's Edi£l.

The King hath bin much troubled to retire a Tromife he made in writing un-
der his hand unto Madamoyfelle d'Entragues, to marry her if /he grooved with
Child within ffx Monet hs after he enjoyed her. She was very refolute a while
not to depart with it, but to keep it for the Juftification of her Honor ; that it
might appear, ihe yeelded not to him upon any bafe or diftionefl Confideration,
but upon fuch a direct promife of mariadge : And llie did likewile for a tyme re-
fufe him her Companie, pretending that flie was fo injoyned by her ConfelTor at
Eafter. But fince, both Honor and Confcience have given place to Trofitt ;
She hath delivered up the Writing, and the King miift give her a Tenfion of
6000 Crowns a Teare, and to her Father and Mother to each of them a 'Tenjioji
of 4000 Crowns a Teare; and bejides /he mu/i have in ready Money 1 00000 to
many her. Upon this accord, they have mett againe at Fontainebleau accord-
ing to their former manner, fut dicitur,) notwithflanding the Confeflbrs Inhibi-
tion. But in this meane time of unkindenes betweene them, the King was not
unprovided, but had fondry haunts in this Towne ; and among the reft within three
Houfes of me, whence I think he will not be long ablent, for he is expected in
Towne upon Fry day or Satterday, and his Counfail likewile. Thele pettie Mat-
ters I am bold to write your Honor to give fome Satisfaction to the Fofllcript of
your lafl Letter, which I therefore beleech you to interpret the bell of And
Ibe hoping every hower of fome Anfwere to my two laft Letters, becaule I
heare Monfieur de ViUeroye'^ Curryer is returned, I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's moji. Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

Book 11. Negotiation in France. 177

An. \6oo.
Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is xy'^i Aprlll iGoo. O. S.

IRcccavcd ycftcrday in the Evening h^ Simons., your Honor's Dilpatch of the
nynctccnth of this Month, and do attend an Opportunity to negotiate with
this King as I am therein dircdtcd, which I fearc will not be thcle five'Daies at the
foonclt For the King comes this Day from Fontainebkatt, and will ether intcr-
taync himielic with Ibme Paftimc by the way, or if he come to this Towne, it
will be for his fecret Plealhrc, and ib, as he will not be kuowen to be here till
his Conn/ail come likewilc, which will not be till Tnefday at the fooneft. I will
urge my Audience with as much Earncftnes and Expedition as I may, to the end
I may bring with rac a cleerc Anfwerc from the King in the Points I have pro-
poled ; which I am exceeding gladd that her Majeftie hath fo well profecuted with
the Ambadcidor there, and thereby avoiaed my Proceeding here, which they
were doubtfull of I hope we fliall effcd fome Good by it, allthough not in lo
great mealure as you propounded to the AmbafTador. But for the offring to au-
thorife and revive the Treaty only by Letters betweene the Princes: Firll I hold
it very uncertain for the Qiieene's Subjed:s, who cannot pleade that in any Court
of Juftice as they may the Treaty, and thereby mufl needs Hand at the Will and
Curtcfie of the King's Officers here, and be fubjed: to Innovations, which will be
daily offred ; as there is one at this inftant, by a "Decree of the Counfail (not-
withftanding my Oppofition) forbidding any Cloth to be brought into thisRealme
but White or dyed in the Wool, which cuttsofTthe chiefe of our Trade into
Brittaine., Gafiony, and Rochelle., where our dyed Cloathes of all Colours are
bed vented. Of which Innovation, (as Jikewife of all other to our Prejudice,)
the renewing of the Treaty will be the only Remedie, a7td reduce things to a
Certitude. And feeing we intend to have fome Treaty with France., why ihould
we not as well defire to have that, as any other, being the mod beneficiall and the
mod honorable for England., that ever was made betweene thefe two Crownes?
Secondly, I feare that this Offer being made them, they will lay hold of it,
and the King will prefently write his Letters declaratory therein to the Queene,
and thereby dra we the like from her, and afterwards make no great hafle to content
her for the Mony : For (as I wrote before) it is the Treaty that muft drawe
on the Money from hence, though her Majejiie have reafon to diftinguijh thewy
and' not to tye her felfto any Conditions or Obligation for receaving her owne.
But feeing it is their Defire to renew the Treaty, and a thing no way prejudicial!,
but rather profitable to her Majeftie; it is good in my poore Opinion to make
ufe of it, to pull on the Contentment defired in the other Point; and not to give
them any hope of reviving the Treaty, either diredtly, or by Interpretation,
without Satisfaction about the Mony ; or any caufe to miftruft, that it is the Mo-
ny only we feeke, and that we do not greatly defire the Alliance ; for in both
thefe Cafes-, they will be found lefs forward to give her Majeflie the Content-
ment jhe experts. The Hired way, in my poore Opinion, is to agree of a Summe
to be paid upon the Concliifion or Signature of the Treaty, and for the more Ex-
pedition, that prefent CommiJJion and Tower to be given to the Ambajfador
there, to treat e and conclude it.

I have fent your Honor a Note of the King's Debts to her Majedie, fuch as I
have heretofore deHvered to Monfieur de Villeroy and to Monfieur de Rofny. For
the Verification of the mod, I brought over Coppies of the Bonds, and Mr. Me-
redith's, Accounts, figned and atteded by your Honor: But for the Charge of
the Forces in ?*/V^r<^, (after the fird fix Moneths, for which there is a Bond of
the King's) and for the 30000/. lent in the Year 1587, and for the Charge of the
Army levied by the Prince oi Anhalt, and the 6000 I. for the Charge of the
Forces brought over by my Lord JVilloughby -, I have nothing but a Note your
Honor fent me to Bloys the lad Sommer, out of which I have taken that which
I have alleaged in my Memoriall touching thofe Particulars.

Zz For

178 &> Henry Neville Book II.

An. i(Soo. For Satisfadion made here upon Complaints of any Engl'tjhman in matter of
Piracye abfolutely, I muft fay Iknowe none as yet. In Mr. Alderman Watts
his Complaint againft thofe oi Rocbelle, there is a Judgment in the Admiralty.,
from which the other fide hath appealed, and fo it depends. In another Gaufe,
(wherein he with others have appealed from a very injurious Sentence given by
the Judge o'l Roche Lie ^ confirmed as injurioufly by the Marble Table here) the
King's Advocat, when it was pleaded in the Chamber of the EdiEi , rmAz his
Conclu/ion, that our Men were not to be receaved and admitted to ^e Appeale,
becaule they had not begon it within a Yere and a Day after the S€^iitence was gi-
ven, from which they appealed; whereupon the Court toke tyme to be advifed.
What they will judge yet I know not, but if they judge it fo, I think they will
at once wipe away mofl of our Complaints. For the Cullome hath bin, prelently
upon any Prize taken, to gett it jugded good Prize by the Judge of the Place,
which was an eafy matter; and then our Men that had the Wrong, (having little
hope during the Troubles of France to obtayne any Juftice) intermitted for the
moil part their Sutes; and fo by this meanes (if it be eftabhllied for Lawe) they
ihall be utterly excluded from any Remedy. I have interpofed my felf in it as
farre as I may, and fo meane to contynue ; with what SuccefTe, will appeare when
it is judged.

The Points which were flood upon betweene the French and Spaniards for
Trecedence at their laft Treaty., I iliall hardly be able to get Knowledge of For
there is none here that was a Commiffioner in it but the Chancellor-., and how I
ihal drawe it from him I know not. Dired:ly fure I lliall not, but I will do the
beft I can by oblique meanes.

* The King hath bin much troubled with theNewes he hath receaved from Rome.,
that the T>emoniaqite Woman (whofe Impoflure was difcovered here in Lent was
Tijvelve-monethj is come to Rome, and there in her Tangs hath delivered much
fcandalous Matter againft him; as if he were a dijfembled Hugnenot and no Ca-
tholique, and that he did but watch his tyme to declare hifnfelfi and to do fome
notable Trejndice to the Catholiques in favour of the Heretiques. Whereof I
dare undertake he is nothing guilty, but do rather perfjvade my felf he will
prove the moft dangerous Ennemy that ottr Religion hath. He is very carefull
to flopp this Scandail, and hath written earneftly to the Tope to cleere himfelf,
and to have the 'Demoniaque punijhed. He hath proceeded againft \ht Abbot
of St. Martin in Berry, (who carried her to Rome) by Adjournment perfonall,
and by Seazure of his Benefices. And to give a better tafte of himfelf to that
fide, whom he wholly leeks to content, he hath declared himfelf very partiall
and pafllonate, in this Conference betweene Monfieur du TleJJls and the Bifliop of
dEureux. An Effay whereof your Honor may take by his Letter written
with his own Hand to Monfieur d'Efpernon, who is now in great fliew of Fa-
vour with him. On the other fide the Count Soiffons went from the Court in
great Difpleafure and Difcontentment ; in fo much as I here, the King hath given
order to ftay the Payment of his Penfions. In fome, Sir, I afllire your Honor
there are infinite Difcontentments here, and elpecially amongft thofe o'ithe Reli-
gion, who receaving nothing but Diftafte and Diffidence in all that concernes
them, (ether publickly or privately) beginne to retire and to relie themfelves,
with purpofe to ft and upon their Gard and Strength. And the Opinion of all
Men is, that this State will not continue long without Troubles. In which
Subject I have had fome Ouvertures made, which I cannot now relate.

I heare our Englifto Fugitives have bin very well intertayned of late in the
Low-Contries, and have their Penfions (which were once fuipended) revived
againe, with promife of the Arrerages, and to be better favoured then ever. What
may be concluded of this your Honor can beft judge. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's very, Sec.

HENRY NEVILLE.

* See a large Account of this Affair in a Letter from Cardinal d'OJ^at to the King, Vol. 3. />, spi.CT'c

Mr.

Book II. Negotiation in France.

Mr. Secret m-y Cccyll lo Srr Henry Neville.

SIR,

TH E Letters which I have rcccavcd by your Scrvaunt require very fmallRc-
plyc at this time, faving only for that which concerncs your Particular,
whereof I take fo much care, as I have fcnt an exprefTe Mcflcnger about it;
wherein I think good to declare freely unto you, that it is not pofiiblc that this
Cuppe can paflc from you, her Majeftie being rcfolved to fend no Nobleman to
the Treaty; nor to doe her felfc that wrong, where her AmbafTador is one, to
have him Iccond to any other. For the Charge, I cannot deny but you mufl
needes be lenfiblc of it ; and yet I thinke it not amifle to tell you, That there is
no Caufe why you Ihould uie any ExcefTe therein, for I doubt not but your Port,
as the Amballador there (by that I have heard) with very little Addition, may
very well ferve the turne, to which I will prepare her Majcllie's Mind accord-
ingly. The Commander oiUiepe hath now performed the Ceremoriy, and will
I hope acknowledge himfelf to have bin honorably ufed. He hath bin feafted at
the Court by the Qixeene, and likewile at JVindefor, and hath this Day taken his
leave. He had no othef Commifllon to deale in Matters as you toke it, but on-
ly iw this Ceremony. All things els, both for the Time, Place and Perfons ap-
pointed for the Treaty, holdeth according to my lall Letters.

This Night I have receaved Newes, that on Munday lafl the iS"^ of this
Moneth , the Fort of Roffime otherwife called St. Andre, in Bomellfwart, is
yeelded up by Compofition to Count Maurice, who hath lyen long before it.
And notwithftanding the Archduke had lent an Armye to relieve it, (which lodg-
ed within half a Myle of it) yet thus hath proved the SuccefTe, prayfed be God,
to whom I recommend you, and reft

Tour very loving KinfemaH, 8cc.

RO. CECYLL,

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, 'Paris ^^^ May 1600, O.S.

I Receaved yefternight your Letters by Captain Primme, whereby I perceave,
as it pleafeth you to write, that this Cuppe cannot pafle from me, and there-
fore I refolve to fubmitt my felf to her Majeftie's Will, hoping that no more will
be exad:ed of me then my Meanes and Warning could afford. Within two Days
after my laft Dilpatch, underftanding that the King's Purpofe of comming to this
Towne was altered, (by reafon of Monfieur d' Aline our fs Return from Rome
and Florence,) I fent to Fontainebleau to demand Audience, and receaved An-
l\veare, that the King would be in Towne the Fryday after, and therefore prayed
me to have Patience till then. He came indeed the Fryday, but I could not get
Audience till Sonday in the Afternoone, at which time I prefented him her Ma-
jeftie's Letters, declared the Contents of them, and afterwards delivered what I
had in Charge. The King anfweared little, and indeed lefle than at any time he
hath bin accuftomed, whereby I gefte he was not the beft contented. He only
laid, " that he had no Intent to couple the Queene's Satisfadlion for her Money,
*' and the renewing of the Treaties fo together, as if he meant the one fliould
" depend neceftarily upon the other; but he had propoledthem both together,
" as things he thought would have bin both acceptable to her Majeftie. I told
" him they were both things acceptable to her, and therefore flie had given me
*' Charge to fignifie, that ihe was ready to renew the Treaties whenfbever it
' ' ihould pleafe him, yf he thought they needed any Confirmation. But for the

" Reafons

l8o Sir Henry Neville Book IL

An. 1600. " Reafons alleaged to his Ambaffador, (which I likewife repeated unto him) I
' " laid her Majeftie was willing it Ihould be rather managed and negotiated by his
" faid Ambaffador, then by any other expreflely fent about it. And that the
♦' Point which her Majeftie milliked was this, that there was no certain Offer
" made her of any prefent Satisfadion for this Yeare, whereof flie expedted
" feme AfTurance long ere this. And therein I did earneftly urge his Refolu-
" tion before my Departure, that I might carry with me fome Certainty in this
" Matter, which I had negotiated ever fince my comming. He told me he
" would advife of it, and that I Ihould have an Anfwere: Adding little, but on-
" ly fome Ncwes which he faid he had receaved, that Count Maurice had fur-
" prized /^^-/-^y^oej- Troupes in three of their Quarters, and defeated them; who
•' was thereupon retired, and the Fort upon his Retrain entred into Parle,
" (which fmce we heare is rendred as your Honor writes.) And that the great
" Riches of this late Indian Fleet, is farre ihort of that it was firft bruted to
" be, and infteed of 16 Millions, is now certainly knowen not to amount to a-
" bove nyne, whereof not above two and a half to the King's Ufe; which he
'■'■ faid would not fuffife to pay the Tartie which he made with xh^Genoues for
' ' the laft, and this prefent Yeare.

Touching Mr.Tljyjme^ whofe Caufe I opened unto him at large, " he anfwe-
' ' red nothing, but willed me to give him a Note of it, and his Counlail fliould
" confider of it, and give me Aniwere." The next Day being Monday, I fent
to Monfieur de Villeroy-, to defire him to be a meanes to procure me an An-
fwere to thofe Things I had dealt with the King in with fome convenient Expe-
.dition, that I might make fome Report of it before my Departure hence, as her
Majeftie expeded, and had given me in Charge to doe. But the Man was very
vvafpifli, and would give no other Anfwere, but that he would doe as the King
ihould command him. That Afternoon the King went to St. Germains, and lo
about the Country, with a purpofe not to returne till Satterday. But on the
Tnefday Morning the Counfail went to him to St. Germains, and returned that
Night. On the Morrowe I fent againe to Monfieur de Villeroy, fignifying that I
hadCommandementfromherMajeftieto preffe an Anfwere, and that I ftayed only
for y t, and offring to come that Afternoon to him to receave it. He prayed me
to forbear him a Day or two : So on Thurfday in the Afternoon I went unto
him, having before bin with the Chancellor about Mr. Thynne's Caule, and ob-
tained Promife that it fliould be heard this Day. " I told Monfieur de Villeroy,
" what Letters I had delivered from her Majeftie to the King, and what I had
" further dealt with him in according to my Charge, praying againe I might re-
" ceave an Anfwere to carry with me, as the King had promiled me. He laid,
" the King would write anfweare to the Queene's Letters, and fend them to his
** Ambaffador. I reply ed, that I had delivered moft of my Charge in Speech,
" which required an Anfwere, as well as the Letters; and urged him to lett me
" underftand the King's Plealure therein. Whereupon, (allthough he would not
" give me any direcSt Anfwere till he had fpoken againe with the King,) yet he
" was contented to enter into Difcourfe of the Points I had negotiated. And for
" the Mony, he faid the Queene demaunded Impoffibilities, requiring her whole
" Debt at once. I told him it was not well underftood, nor well reported unto
" him; and that the matter which paffed betweene her and Monfieur de Boijijfe
*' was nothing but this. When Monfieur de Boi/ijfe had twife or thrice urg-
" ed her Majeftie to declare what Summe flie required prefently of the King,
" but withall offred nothing, flie (taking it to be a kind of Dallyance and im-
" pertinent Proceeding with her) told him, that the King's Bonds did declare
" lufficiently her Demaunds; meaning, that if the King found any difficultie to
" fatisfye the whole this Yeare, it was rather fitt for him to make offer of that
" he was able to pay her, then for her to apportion her Debt. Wherein I faid
Monfieur de Boifijfe had bin fufficiently cleered by your Honor, and fome o-
" ther of her Majeftie's Counfail, with whom he had had particular Conference
" after he had fpoken with her Majeftie. I (faid he,) they fpake to him oi

3 00000

Book II. Negotiation in France. 1 8 r

" 300000 Crowns, which is as unnoniblc to the King to pay as the whole ; and Aii. 1600.
" thereupon fell to dilcourfc of the King's great Occafions of Expence for his -
" Mariadgc, for the Contentment of the Suijfeys, and for the Uncertainty of
*' the Affairs with the Duke of Savoye. I reply ed, that there was none of thclc,
" to which he was by Honor and Juftice more tyed then to the Satisfaction of
" the Qiicene, if he did but remember the State he was in when Ihe lent him
" her Mony, and the Occafions Ihc had now to rcdcmannd yt; nether did it
" argue in them that due regard of her that Ihe had defervcd, to be fo much
" more careful! to give Contentment to the Suijfers then to her, as to pay them
" a Million and a half this Year, and to her nothing. I denycd not but that the
" SuijJ'ers Amitic had bin profitable to this State, and fo might be hereafter;
" But I avowed that they had never delcrvcd better of this Stare then her Majc-
" (tie had done, elpecially of this King: And that therefore llie might as well
" looke to be regarded in her fo iufl Demaund^, as the SuijJ'ers^ or any other
" Princes or State whatfoevcr. He laid they were able to diicerne of the Utili-
" ty of their Alliances, and to render to every one his due regard as Ihould moft
" import them. But for our Demaunds, he laid, they were luch as they could
" not tell what to anfwere us, being very loath to refufe us, and yet not able
" to content us. From that matter he proceeded to the other oi renewing the
" Treaties complaining, that whenfoevcr they had offred to bring the matter to
" fome IlTue, the Qucene gave back; fo had Ilie done when upon my firfl Mo-
" tion of it, the King had alfented to it atBloys: the like when their Ambafla-
" dor had revived it Ibme Moneths fince; and now againe, when the King had
" offred to fend one over purpofely to conclude it, the Queene feemed willing
" rather to avoyde it then to defire it, by referring it over to the handling of
" their ordinary Ambaflador, which (confidering the frelli Example of our pro-
" ceeding with him in the Treaty for Marine Caitfes) gave them little hope of
" any fpeedy Ifilie, but rather that we meant to drawe it in length, which
" they faw no purpofe of He complayned allib, that her Majefiie had refufed
" to accompany the Point of her Satisfaction, with the other of renewing the
" Treaty, which he conceaved had bin to havegon togither, and would have
" bin a meanes to have effedtedher Majeflie's Contentment the better: But that
" fhe had refufed, even that which I had thought reafonable, to accept of fome
" Satisfaction upon the Signature of the Treaty. I anfvvered, that her Majeftie
" had fufficiently declared her Intention in this Matter, by commaunding me at
" the firfl: to move and prefTe it. That the fault that it proceeded not whea
" the King afi^ented unto it ziBloys, was theirs, not ours; For the Breach or In-
" terruption ofthe Treaty growing from their Default, it was reafon the renewing
" and reviving of ytjfliould likewile proceed from them : And it was fufficient that
" herMajefl:iehadlummoned them unto it. Of any Offer made afterwards by their
" AmbalTador and refufed by her Majeftie, I never underftood ; and if there
" had bin any, no doubt I Ihould have been advertifed of it. And for this late
*' Proceeding, her Majefl:ie's Intention was very cleere; that flie thought not to
" recule-, but to advance it by that fhe had fignified unto Monfieur de Boijife:,
" namely, that flie was ready to enter into Conference, and to treate with him-
" felf of it, whenfoever the King would give him Commiflion. Her Defire it
" fliould be managed by him, rather then by any other exprefi"ely fent, was for
" fuch Reafons, as flie thought would have bin as grateful! to the King as to
" her; and can no way admitt any llich Interpretation of a purpofe of Delay
" as he inferred, but muft rather be holden the readieft courfe for a quick Dil-
" patch of the Bufines; the fending of another, requiring fome length of time
" both for them to refolve, and for him that fnould be appointed to prepare.
" That her Majeftie had great reafon not to couple thole two matters of the
" Money and the Treaty togither, or to binde her felf to Conditions and Capi-
" tulations to come by her owne, which flie had fo frankely lent. That flie had
" made it fufiiciently appeare how willing flie was to renewe the Amitie, but
" that the Juftice of her Demaund for her Money depended upon former ex-

A a a " pi-effe

i82 Sir Henry Nevill'j Book IL

An. 1600. *' prefiTe Contrads, and not upon thofe which were offered to be renewed. There-
" fore it was fitteft for both their Honors, that the King ihould make her rera-
" bourfement abioiutely without any Condition, and that the Amity fliould be
" hkewife renewed fimply, without Reference to any thing, but to their good
" Difpofition and Inchnation one to the other. That the point which he faid
*' I my felf had thought reafonable, was never refufed by her Majeftie, for it
" was never offred by their Ambaflador. Finally, that in the Conference be-
" tweene him and her Majeftie's Cotmfail about it, they had affented, (fb that the
" King would give her Majeftie the Contentment ilie expeded for this prefent
*' Yeare,) that the future Payments ihould be agreed on at the Treaty. Which
" Courfe of hers, I fawe not why they ihould diilike or refufe, if they intended
" to proceed as fmcerely as ilie did. His Reply was not much, but that he
" would conferre with the King, and then give me anfwere as he Hiould be
" commaunded.

Touching a Memcriall of Tome Complaynts I hadprefented at my Audience
to the King, (whereof I iend a Coppy) principally againft an Arreft of the Trl-
vy Counfail^ the Execution whereof I defired to be ilifpended, and the Matter
to be referred to a Conference betweene 'Deputies of both Sides, as the Treaty
appoints, " I had much Conteftation with Monfieur de Villeroy, he upholding
" the ^rr^T? very impertinently, 2Xidi^xtX.zx\.^xx\2^x}az.'i it was no Innovation, but
" a Reiglement, (as if it might not be both) and that it was not generall but
" fpeciall for Roiien, which is manifeflly falie"; and in reipedt it is generall,
it is moft prejudicial! to our Trade, namely in Bretaigne, Gafcoigne, and the
adjacent Parts. But in the end, I could drawe noe promiie of Satisfaction
from him, allthough the King thought my Requeft reafonable, but ysizs fayne to
leave him to his obftinacie, and the Matter to her Majeftie's Confideration ; where-
of I hold it very worthy, as a Matter wherein it feemes they meane to trye her
Patience, how ihe will beare that which peradventure they intend, to her fiirther
Prejudice. Monfieur de Villeroyes chief ef fibterfuge was Recrimination, ' ' pre-
*' tending that xhcContraventions were farre greater on our Side. But being urged
*' to declare wherein, he perfifted in generalities, which I told him I was not bound
" to anfwere." In the end he fell into his ordinarie common Place of ourRefu-
•' iall of Juftice in marine Caufes. I told him if thofe were the things he meant,
" they ^QXQ particular Offences, that defer ved Puniftiments; but no Contra-
" vent ions to the Treaties by publick Authoritie, as thofe were which I com-
" plained of. And for thole Offences, I told him there had bin Juftice done in
" very many Caufes, as their AmbafTador had acknowledged lately to her Ma-
" jeflie's Couniail, fliewing therein very good Satisfaction, and that I mervayl-
" ed he would fe erne foe well fatisfyed there, and complayne fo hottly here. He
" faid he had written, that I had laid in that kynde heretofore unto him, but
" that he denyed it was fo; and faid further, that they began now to be out of
*' any hope of Juftice at all there; for they found fonie of our greateft Men fo
" interefTed and linked with the chief Offendors, as they knew they iliould be
" allwaies protected ; and therefore they were refolved to take fome courfe in yt
" themielves henceforth, and to complaine no more. In particular, he exclaim-
" ed of a great Outrage done in December laft upon a Shippe of St. Malo, where
" the Men were murdered with exceeding Crueltie and Barbaroufhes, as he re-
" ports it". Since he hath fent the Party that-complaines unto me, and I have
given him Letters unto your Honor and to the Commiffioners. This being the
the EffeCt of this Conference betweene us, although it contayne no direCt An-
fwere to the chief Points of my Negotiation, yet I thought good to acquaint
your Honor with it with Expedition, that it may give you fome ground to judge
by of their purpofe ; and becaufe I underftand Monfieur de Villeroy hath like-
Wife made a Diipatch to their AmbafTador.

This Bearer is the Party that I meane to leave here behinde me to follow the
King; wherein becaufe he is like to be long abfent and farre 0% he was defirous
for fome ipeciall occafions of his owne to make a Stepp firft into England, and

Book II. Negotiation in France. 183

fo to returnc prcfcntly in Port. The Joriicy ii;co thole remote Parts, \s hke to An. x6oo,
be long and chargeable: It may pleafc your Honor therefore to fctt downe w hat
Allowance he iliall have, and whether he ihajl reccave it from me, or dircdiy out
of the Exchequer.

It is conceaved the King will not returnc into thcfe Parts till the next Spring,
but pafTe this Winter after the PrincelTcs coming, (which will not be till Septem-
ber at the foonefl) in Langnedoc and Guyciinc ; not "jjithont finie pnrpofe (as it
is feared) to favour and fort i fie ijvith his Trcfince^ a iJcJf'eign he hath, to dif-
mantle the Townes holden by thofe of the Religion. Which if he doe or 'at-
tempt, it is Like to frovs. the firjl A5i of the Tragedie 'ujhich all Men expeEi
here i^nthin Jhort time.

I underftand there are two Shippes now finiflied in Calais, which were begonne
there by the Spanyards, while they pofTcfTed the Towne. The King hath given
them leave to furniflithem w'vih Ordnance and other Ncccffaries, aslheare, and
to depart at their Pleafure.

The Ambafliidor of Wirttenberg told me lately, that he had receaved Adver-
tifement from a Friend of his in Hambonrg, that the King of 'Denmark maks ve-
ry great Preparation by Sea, which gives occafion of much Difcourle, no Man
ieeing any apparent Caufe for it. I doe not doubt if any fuch thing be, but your
Honor is fufficiently advertifed of it; yet I thought it my duty to relate what I
heard of it, confidering his demeafnor the laft Somraer toward our Filliermen,
and the Northern Jealoufies.

\ fend your Honor here inclofed an offer brought unto me by the Party him-
fclf that maks it, with great Proteftations of a Defire to doe fomewhat that may
recover her Majeftie's Favour, and his Contry. If you embrace ir, he defires it
be not communicated to any more then her Majeftie and your felf. For into
your Honor's Hands he faieth he will put his Life, but into no Man's els ; ac-
knowledging you dealt honorably with him, when forae other held a contrary
Courfe.

The King returnes not till to Morrow Night, fo that I have but Sonday to re-
ceave his Anfwere, and to kifle his Hands ; for upon Munday I muft needs fet
forward, the Day of Meeting being the Fryday after at Boulogne. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's mo ft, &c.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Between Amyens ztidi Abbeville, x^^May 1600. O.S.

Could not have accefe to the King till Sonday in the Evening, and even that
^_^ was obtained with great Difficultie, and reckoned ro me as a great Favour,
being upon fo Feftivall a Day. " TheKingof himfelf entred into the Difcourfe of
this Treaty, and of the Tiijfculties he conceaved might grow out of the De-
maunds on their part, which he fuppofed would be thefe. That the Cautiona-
ry To'wnes fhould be rendered, or at the lead that they might be free for thenj
to have acceffe unto, as the other Parts of the Queen's Dominions were. That
the Trafficque of our People fliould be ether wholly withdrawen from Hol-
land and Zelmd, or at lead indifferently eftablifhed in his Provinces, as well
as there; and that her Majeftie lliould joyne with him to free and fecure the
Paffage from the Hollanders, that would feeke to impeach it. On our part he
fuppofed allfo that there would be required Liberty ofTraffick into, all the
King of Spain's Dominions, and namely to the Indies ; and that it fliould not
be lawful! for that King, upon any Pretence againfl the Hollanders, to bring
any great Navy into the narrowe Seas, nor above a certain Nomber, fuch as
fliould nether breede Jealoufy nor Daunser to our State. About which points

^ ° "he

184. Sir Henry Neville" BookIL

Jn. 1600. " he thought there would be much difputing, and that before any Conclufioa
' were made, there would be occafion to fend once or twife in Spaine^ which
" would drawe the Treaty to fome Length. He faid allfo, that there would
' ' growe fome Controverfie about Trecedence and the To'mt of Honor. Where-
" upon I took occafion to demaund of him, how that Point was agreed upon at
" Veriim. He faid the Matter come not much in qucftion, by reafon that the
" Meetings were ever at the Legafs Lodgings who kept allwaies the End of
" theTable; and that his Ambaffadors had the right Hand of the Table, and the
' ' bther the Left. His Opinion was, that it were befi to determine it now by
" Lott, without confequence or prejudice to either Side. But Monfieur </e ^i/-
" leroj, who was prefent faid, that was not ynongh, for we had ever had the
" Tlace ^i// Charles the 5"^'^'^ Time, and fine e it was never decyded. So that we
" were in Tojfeffion of the Trefeance, and to referre it now to lott, were to
" make it quefionable, and to pit it in doubt by our owne AB and Confent,
" which he thought we intended not. After thefe Speeches, I offired to take my
" Leave of him, defiring to receave his Commaundements to her Majeftie and
" his Anfwere to thofe things I had dealt with him in by her Appointment. He
" told me he would fend his Anfweare to his owne AmbalTador ; which for any
" thing I can gelTe, will not be much to her Majefties Contentment. For the
•' Preface heuied, of his great occafions of Expence this Teare, by reafon of
" his Mariadge, (which he faid would coft him jooooo Crownes,) of the Con-
" tentment he was forced to give the Suijfers, and of the uncertain Termes he
*' flood in with the Duke of Savoy, methought tended to no good Conclujion to
" ufward ". Monfieur de Villeroy faid the fame in effed:. If nothing come
upon thefe occafions and refpedts, as I have heretofore written, / thinke her
Majeftie may very furely make account never to receave any thing from him,
and Ihall doe well in my poore Judgement not to build any deliberation upon it,
nor upon any other Affifiance from hence. For the Freindjhip is very hollowe,
and will growe every day more un found, as his Combination with Rome grow-
eth more freight, to which he is wholly carried by thofe that doe abfolutely go-
verne him.

The next day in the Morning after I was come away, a Man of Monfieur de
Villeroyes brought this inclofed to her Majeftie to my Houfe, which was pre-
lently fent after me. V/hat it containes I knowe not, for I had no Coppie lent
me : But whatfoever it be, I thought it fitt to fend it away by the firft Oppor-
tunity ; and withall to befeech your Honor that we may receave full T>ire£iion,
how to cary our felves in this point of Trecedence at Bulloigne. For I fear it
will be a difficile 'Point ; and not being accommodated, will hinder much our
proceeding, and take up much time iii the Tarerga of the Treaty.

At my comming from Taris, I left the Jorney to Lyons fully relblved, and
the Counfail allmoll ready to retire every Man to his Houfe for a little tyme,
and fo to proceed to Moulins, where the firft rendezvous is. It is now deter-
mined, that the Princefle of Florence comes not till September at the fooneft.
'There will accompany her the Grand Tinchejfe, the T>tichejfe of Mantoua, and
the Cardinall Aldobrandino. All Men hold, that without fome extraordinary
Occafion recall him, the King will not returne into thefe Parts till the next Som-
mer. I befeech your Honor therefore , to thinke of me with that favour that
you have allwaies vouchlafed me ; it will be an infinite Charge for me to followe
him, and to very little purpofe for any Bufinels of her Majeftie's, which they are
wiUing to put off upon any Pretext, much more upon fo colourable an Excufe as
this will be.

The morrowe after I difpatched my laft MefTenger unto your Honor, the Chan-
cellor at my Inftance heard extraordinarily M.r.Thynnes Caufe, and gave judg-
ment that he fhould be enlarged, paying only fowerfcore Pounds to his adverfe
Party ; fo that I hope he is at Liberty by this tyme. I gave the King thanks for
it, and the Chancellor likewife, who beft deferved it ; and whom I take to be
one of the honefteft Men in the State, thoipgh he be otherwife a great Friend to

Rome,

Book II. iSlcgotiation hi France. 185

Rome, and one that concnrrcs 'ou'ith Monficnr dc Villcroy to perfm'ade the King An. 1600.
to runne that Coiirfe. This is all I will trouble your Honor with at this time.
And lb, ^c.

Tour Honor s mojl, 6cc.

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Secretav) Cccyll to Sir Henry Neville.

.SIR,

IPcrccavc by both your Letters, (as well thofe by Mr. Winiscood, as by Te-
ter Broivne) how diicreetly you have purfucd all her Majeflic's Dircdtions,
allthou'^h for ought I can perceave, the Seed that is fowen, is cajl into a barren
Soyle. But Sir, if the worfl: be of it that we ihall have no Returne, yePit is one
"^^y K^o^-) ^^ knoisj what to trujl to., before we have leffc to truji to of our owne.
Concerning the King's Mariadge, I know not what to think, bccaule you write,
and fo doe others confidently from thence. Biit for ray felf, I proteft to you, it
will not yet take deep Impreffion, that we fliall fee the French King marryed
before Chriffnas-T>ay. For your going with the King, efpecially if he refide in
thofe remote Parts, it will be both infinite Charge and Trouble, but therein have
I not fpoken with her Majeflie, becaufe I receaved'your laft Letters but this
Ni»ht. And now to come to the Point of Trecedence\ whatfoever Monfieur
de^yHleroy faieth, you Ihall fynde by the Time this Letter comes to you, how
you are all inftrudcd, which I have no warrant to alter, but now attend what
will be the firfl: Prologue to that Comedy; being of opinion., that Monfieur Vil-
leroy would have us fall out at the Meeting., becaufe we Jhould never agree at
the end. Concerning the inclofed offer made you, I have enlarged ray felf to
'Mr.TVinwood; for whofe imployment as I knowe there is no reafon you Ihould
be burdened, fo will it be very difficult to procure any new Warrants, and there-
fore I wilh you to allowe him what you think reafonable, and then it lliall be
included within your Bill of Intelligence; which allthough it be a Matter meere-
ly concerning her Majeftie's Service, yet would it be of more difficultie, in fef-
pedt that latety I have had fo much adoe to procure you another Allowance. In
which as in all other things els that fliall be fitt for me, you fliall ever finde me.

Tour very loving Friend, dec.

Ro. cecyll;

Bbb A COL.

iS6

Ail. \6oo.

A

LLECTION

O F

STATE PAPERS, ^c.

BOOK 111

The TranfaBions in the Treaty htween ^teen Eli-
zabeth and the King of Spain and the Archduke
Albert ^/^ Bulloigne, Anno 1600,

i^iSim^m^^Mm'^^'^Mmmm'^'m^mm^^Mmmmmm^ms^

A Copy of the CommiiTion for the Treaty of Bolloigne.

LIZABETH 'Dei Gratia^ An^lia^ Francia, & Hibernia ReglnO,
fidei 'Defenfor^ &c. Omnibus & fingulis vifuris has frafentes no-
fir as lit eras patentes falutem. Cum fracharijjimus f rater nofier Hen-
ricus quartus Gallise & Navarre Rex, Anno 'Domini Millejimo qiiin-
gentejimo nonagefimo oBavo, traBatum quendam infiitiierit de Tace & concor-
dia ineimda cum Catholico Rege Hilpaniarum Philippo ejus nominis fecundo, at^
que eodem tempore (prout antea mutuo inter nos conventum fueratj nos follici-
taverit', ut in eadem pace facienda cum ipfi> nos conjtingere vellemus^ fig'^^fi-
cans nobis prafatiim regem turn in %>ivis exifiefitem dejiderare, ut omnes prio-
res controverfia qua inter nos ^ ipfum intercejferant una amice componerentur ;
fed per mortem pr a fati Y\\{^ViA2x\xm. Regis qua 7ion diu poft infecuta efi, ac a-
lias occajiones, diBus traSiatus nonjit fortitus aliquem effe£fiim,fed intermijfus
Jit, donee nuper dileEius Confanguineus nofier ■, Reverendijfimus ^ Illufirif-
Jimus Cardinalis Andreas ab Auftria Epifi:opus Conflantienfis, tempore guberna-
tionis fua in Belgio per lit eras nos certiorem fecerit, idem defiderium pads re-
manere in prachartffimo fratre nofiro Philippo ejus nominis tertio Hifpaniarum
Rege, necnon in Uluftriffimo Confanguineo nofiro Alberto Archiduce Auftri^, ^
Sereniflima Trincipe Infanta Ifabella Clara Eugenia Cojifanguinea nofira, quibus
Rex Catholicus conceflit provincias llias Belgicas @ Burgundicas; qui finguli pro
parte fua contenti fuerant tit talis traciatus fieret, ad dijfidia omnia tollenda,
ita^ M firma pax & amicitia, q.ua olim fuit inter Coronam nofiram^ Anglia &
Reges Hifpaniarum ac Portugalliae ac principes hareditarios diBartim regio-
num, refiabiliretur ; ac etiam idem nobis fgnifcatumfuer it pofi adventum fimm

in

Book III. The Trar?faclio7is in the, &c. 187

m Belgium. Ilinc r//, quod nos in prajentiarum certiores faBa^ Prafatos prin- ^^. {(Jq^
cipcsdeputajfe quo/Ham Commijfarios cum plenis author it ate (5 maudatis, ad ^
tractandum cmn iis qui a fiobis ad opus ta?fi pium c£) fancium conftitui pojfatt ; "
nt toti Chrijiiano o'l'bi innotcfccrct, qtialiter fcmper ajfecia fuerimus ut bona
& fmcera pax Chrijtiano orbi reftitucretur , pront confcientiam tejlem habe-
nms, ^ ex pracedciitibus aElionibtis nofiris apparere potejl, quum fepius ante-
hac diver fis in Hilpaniam ^ Belgium rnijjis legationibus^ pro pace & concordia
inter eundem regcm-, & di^as provincias intercefferimus : Id'circo fciatis, quod
nos de fidelitate^ indnjiria, & provida circitmJpcBione^ diLcEtorum ^ fide Hum
nojlroriim Henrici Neville equitis, legatl nojiri ordinarie apud Chriftianiffimum
fratrem nofirmn Francorum Rcgem refidentis, Johannis Herbert unius de pri-
'uato confilio nOjiro & Sectindi Secretarii nojiri^ Roberti Bealc Secretarii no-
Jiri inpartibus Borealibus, ^ Thomx Edmunds Secretarii nojiri in linguaGal-
iicana plurimum confident es^ Afifignavimits eos vel eornm tres-, noftros -veros ^
indubitatos Commiffdrios Tt'ocnratores., Oratores, & Nuncios generates ^ fpe-
ciales, ad conveniendum^ communicandum-, & traBandiim^ in nrbe Bolonise in
Regno Francise, cum Oratoribus-, ^ Commiffdriis tarn prafati Hiipaniarura
Regis fratris nofiriy quam Serenififima Infanta © Illufirififimi Archiducis Con-
fan^uineorum nofirorum, potefiatem fimilem, fufificiens^ plenum mandatum a
di&is principibus rejpefiive habentibus, de ^ fiiper omnibus ^ fingulis dijfe-
rentiisy querelis, quafiionibus^ litibus-, injuriis, hoftilitatibus^ fpoHis^ arrefiisi
qravaminibus quibnfcunque, hinc inde ilLatis ; necnon de induciis bellorum, ab-
fiinentiis, pace-, foederibus-, inter nos & Succejfores nofiros, © prafatos fra-
trem & Confangnineos nofiros & Succejfores fuos ; ac etiam de renovatione &
redintegratione commerciorumt ac amicabili intercurfu mercandizandi fiibdito-
rum utrinquc , tarn in Regnis Regis Hifpaniarum @ Portugallias, quar^ in
diticnibiis Belgicis ^ Burgundicis, inter nos, haredes, % fiicc e fores no-
firos., Regna , terras , ^ dominia noftra quacunqiie : IDantes & come dent es
eifidem, plenam ^ omnimodam anthoritatem ® poteftatem , nomine nofiro pa-
cifcendi, tranfigendi & concludendi, fib illis partis, modis, firmis, conditioni-
bus, convent io7nbus, ^ fecuritatibus, qua ad firmztatem, validitatem, robur
^ perpetuitatem bona ^ fincera pads ^ concordia videbuntitr expedire; lite-
ras etiam & firipta, fnper eifdem conventis & conclufis tradendi, @ confimi-
les nomine nofiro petendi; necnon-, ad aliam'Dietam, prout conveniens & oppor-
tunum ipfis videbitur, prorogandi ^ continuandi-, ac generaliter catera omnia
nofiro nomine faciendi ^petendi-, qua circa pramijfa nee ejf aria videbuntur ^
opportuna, at que tanti negotii qualitas requiret, etiamfi talia effent-, qua man-
datum requirerent magis fpeciaie. Tromittentes bona fide., in verba regio-, nos^
pro nobis-, baredibus & fuccejforibus noflris-, firma , rata & grata habituras,
quicquid a didiis Commijfariis,^ Oratoribus., ^ Trocuratoribus noftris-, vel eo-
rum tribus., concludi ^ conveniri contigerit ; ® infuper confirmaturas-, per lit-
ter as nojiras patentes-, ea qua ab ipfis fie paEia., convent a & conclufa fuerint -.,
fie que illis qmquomodo direEie-, vel indire6ie, quovis quafito colore., vel pra-
textu contraventuras , omni dole-, fraude., exceptionCj ^ difipenfatione penitus
femotis. In cujus rei teftimonium, prafientes litter as nofiras fieri fecimus pa-
tent es. Saturn apud I^alatitim noftrum de Grenewich , decimo die Maii Anno
"Domini & Redemptoris nofiri Millefimo Sexcentefimo & Regni nofiri quadra-
gefimo fecundo.

The

1 88 The Tranfatlmis in the Book III.

An. 1600.

TheComm'iJfionersforthe Treaty at Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll,

Right Honorable, ~ xo*il/^ 1600. O. S.

IT miy pleafe your Honor to underftand, that on Fryday the 16* at Noon, we
three Commijfmiers that came out of England arrived here, and I her Maje-
Itie's Ambadador, in the Evening. The next Day about Noon, there came a Gen-
tleman unto us from the CommiJJioners on the other fyde to falute us ; and to
excufe themfelves unto us, that by realbn of the Indifpofition of the Aiidiencer
by the way, they could not arrive untill the next Day, which they did accord-
ing in the Evening. Within one Hovvr or two after their Arrivail, we fent the
Secretarie of me the Ambaffador, to render the Complement which we had recea-
ved the Day before; and withal! to fignifye, that her Majeftie had fent us hither
to ^erforme that on her part-, whereunto llie had been invited by their Princes,
which we were ready to accomplillie when the Health of the laid Atidiencer^
and their Commoditie would permit yt; and in the mean tyme while he attend-
ed his Health] and the reft refreflied themfelves of their Jorney, not to be alto-
gether idle, yf they thought good to communicate and fend a Copy of their
Commi/Tion to us, that we would do the like to them. And the Realon which
moved us to take this Courfe was, for that being doubtfuU whether the Commif-
(loners for Spaine were authorized direEtly from that King, or only by IDelega-
tion fnbjl/ttited hy the Archduke, (as y t was in the lafl: Treaty with France,)
we were defyrous to be cleared of that Poynt, to the end to receave thereby
th% better Light, how to proceed in the matter of the Trecedencie : Intending
in the one cai'e to have ablolutely infifted upon yt, and in the other cafe to have
carried our felves according to our Inftru6tions. Our Meffage was kindly recea-
ved, and on Monday (the next Day) about ten of the Clock, the Audiencer lent
one to the Lodging of me Thomas Edmonds with this Meffage ; that they had
prepared a Copy of their Commijfion, which they would fend unto us, yf we
would do the liJs.e unto them, which we accepted of; and accordingly at three of
the Clock in the Afrernoone yt was agreed that the Audiencer lliould fend unto
me Thomas Edmonds a Copy of their Commifllons figned by him , and that I
fliould {^Vidi a Copy of our CommiJJion figned by me ; which was performed,- and
theirs fyrft delivered unto me, before ours was unto them.

That Evening and this Morning, we conferred of the Validity of their Commif-
fans, the Copies whereof we fend your Honor herewith; and touching that
which is from the Archduke, for his own particular, we fee no Caufe to except
againft y t ; but concerning the other, we fynd in our Judgments thefe Caufes of
JDoubt.

Fyrfl, Becaufe the Commijfion granted by the King oi Spain e to the Archduke^
is only under the Trivie Scale, and ours under the Great Scale; and that we
fynd that the Words of our Commifllon be, that we fliall treat with Commiffioners
of the other fyde, poteftatem Jimilem, fifficiens ^ fleimm mandatum hahenti-
hus; and that we are likewife directed by out InfirnB ions, to have full regard
to fee the Validitie of their Commiflions, that they may appeare to be as fully
authorized both from S^zynQ yt fe If, and from the Archduke, as we are from
the ^teen ; a7id otherwife, in no fort to fall into Communication. We doubt
therefore, whether we may hould their Power to be like, and as full as ours.

Secondly, Becaufe in the Kinge o^ Spaine's Commifllon to the Archduke, there
be no exprefs Words to give him Power to fubfiitute and fubdelegate, other
then thefe Words, trattar y hazer traftar\ whether thereby his Conrmiffion and
Subdelegation ought to be efteemed valuable in Law, and his Subftitute Audto-
ritie fufficient, and fuch as our Commifllon and Inftrudtions do limit us unto to
Creit vvithall. And we found the more reafon to offer thefe Doubts to yourCon-

fideration.

Book III. Trcdiy of Bulloigne. 1 8^

fidcration, for that the hkc hath bin iiififlcd upon, in a former Treaty wiih the yln. 1600.
Duke oi'y'Ilva.

Thirdly., Wc fynd rhis Dcfcd, that whereas in the late Treaty with the King
o^ France at Vervin, the Archduke did in his CommifTion of Snbdclegation, pro-
jnilc and bindc himfclf, not only to approve, confirme, and oblcrve whatfoever
ihould be donne by his Subdelegatcs, mais avjji Ji befoign eft, le fairc par fa,
d'ltU Majcfte folLenineUement confirmcr^ ratificr, ^approver, tlieic Words re-
cited in Frenchc arc now in this Commijjion clean omitted., and no Words to fup-
ply them. Upon thclc Dowbts, being iiich as arc othcrwifc Hke to flop our Pro-
ceeding, we defyre that yt will plcafc your Honor to procure her Majcltie's
clear Direction with as much Expedition as may be: And in the mean tymeto
cntcrtaine them, wc will deliver them Rcajbm of onr Exception againft their
Commiftiun., and fee what Satisfadion they will be able to give us upon them.

May yt pleafc yoiir Honor alfo to know, that this Morning Vereykin came
to viliitt inc Thomas Edmonds., and fignifycd to me, that he having communi-
cated the Copie of our Power to the reft of their CommiHloners, they all do well
like thereof; faving in this Poynt, that where the Archduke hath afiumed unto
himfelf and ufed the Title of J'^-r^'/z/^/W^/j-, and herMajeftie in her Letters hath
likewife heretofore ever given yt him, that now in this CommifTion the Title of
Sereniffimus is only given to the Infanta., and but of Illuftriffimus to him,
which he defyreth may be reformed. Whereunto, yf yt fliall pleafe her Maje-
ilie to affent, we defire that for their better Satisfadion, another CommifTion
may be fent by him that doth bring us Anfwere to thefe Letters.

Furthermore I Thomas Edmonds by Conference with the Audiencer do difco-
Ver, that their Intent is to make but one joynt Treaty for Spayne and the Arch-
duke \ which becaule yt feemeth to oppugne fome part of our Inftrudions in
thefe Words, (JVe do fynd that from this Conference., yf yoii agree., mnft pro-
ceed a League of Amitie and Intercourfe with the King (?/'Spaine, and another
with the Archduke <?/" Burgundy.) We defyre to underftand from your Honor,
her M?jeftie's dired Intention in yt.

Laftly, For as much as yt is probable^ that thefe CommifTioners will in the
beginning propound Ibme Abftinence or Ce (fat ion from Hoftillitie, during the
tyme of our Colloquy., wherein we hold yt fit to be particularly inftrudted what
Anfwere to make, to the end that they mould not remaiiie ill latisfyed for want
of Power in us to give them Anfwere : We therefore humbly defire to be alfb dy-
teded, how to proceed in that poynt yf it be propofed. And {o delyring to
receave your Ipeedy Direction, we humbly take our leaves.

Tottr Honoris very humhlie at Cofnmaundmenti

Henry Neville. John Herbert.'
^Robert Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

We may not omit to let your Honor underftand, that iii the Conference which
the Audiencer had with me Thomas Edmonds., in fpeeche with him of that poynt
of the Exception which we take, for that yt is only fcaled with the Trivie Scale-,
He afTured me, that the King of Spaine doth now ufe no other Scale, and that
the CommifTion whereby the CommifTioners treated at Vervin^ was not fealed
with any other Scale.

c c

The

i^o The TranfaElions in the Book III.

An. 1600.

The EngiiJIj CommifTioners to the Commiffioiiers of Spame and the

Archduke.

IlJuftres & Magnifici Domini, 2,1 Maii 1600. O.S.

pErgratum eft nobis intelligere Copiam Mandatl nojiri, qttam de Communi
' Cojjfenfu ad'Dominum Verreykium nuper tranfmitti Ciiravimus, 'Domma-
tionihus veftris communicatam ejfe % ipfifque nil improbajfe^ fed dejideraffe
tantum nt loco verbi (IlluftrifTimus) reponeretur (Sereniffimus,) quo titulo Se-
reniffimus Archidux uti filet, ^od cum de Subjiantia Mandati nil deroget,
tarn eji exiguum ut non dtibitemus, quin Sereniflima 'Domina nojlra Regina ve-
lit in eo Sereniflimo Tiomino Archiduci fatisfacere. Sed qtiia id emendari noil
potejl., nijl per exprejfum confinfam ^ niandatum Majeftatis fua, nos ea de re
jam interpellavimusj & brevi refponfiim fuum expeBamus, quo ^ SerenifTimo
Archiduci ^ Illuftribus T)ominationibus -vefiris fatisfieri pojjlt :- ^amvis in
antiquis Traciatibus reperiamus, Verbum ipfum (Illuftriflimus) nfitrpatum fu-
iffe, © de Archidiice Philippo Tatre Caroli QuintiMperaforis, & de ipfi etiam
C^efare Gloria fa Memorise, abfque klla exceptione.

Nos rurfus amanter petimus ab Illujlribits & MagnificisT)ominationibMs ve-
firis y ut nolint agre ferre, nos illis etiam fignifcare, quid fentiamus de illis
copiis CommiJJlonum quas ad nos tranjmifirimt.

Trimmn, non -videmus adJnic caufam improbandi vel emendandi quicquam in
CommiJJlone Sereniflimi Tiomini Archiducis @ SereniflimK Infanrse, pro parte
fua : Sed in illis CommiJJionibus, qua 'vice & nomine Catholici Regis Hifpania-
rum exhibentur, exifiimamus jujias & legitimas caufas ejfe^ cur nobis adhuc fa-
tisfacere non pofint.

Nam quantum attinet ad Mandatum Regis Catholici, datum Barcelonse 29
Junii 1599, concejfum Serenijfimo Archiduci, utcunque generale videri poffit,
tamen non reperimus in eo contineri aliquam claufulam Subdelegationis ^ Sub-
Jiitutionis alicujus 'vel aliquorum, ita ut tuto nobis liceat cum talibus Subdele-
gatis agere, utpote neque habentibus fiifficiens mandatum, neque pot eft at em fi-
mile7n noftra. Et quantum ad aliud Mandatum fpe£iat 10 die OBobris Anno
'Domini 1^99^ concejfum ab Hiipaniarum Rege T)omino Balthazari de Cuniga
fe Fonfeca de tra&ando cum "Domina noftra Regina, id videtur fc obfcurari @
irretiri intermixtiojie & additione aliorum Commijfartorum, non ab ipfo Rege
fed a Domino Archiduce cojtftitutorum, ut dubitari poffit, an CommiJJio ea cen-
feri debeat a SereniJJimo Archiduce proceffiffe, an a CatholicoHify^mzYum Rege.

T^raterea conftat, ambas has Commiffiones privato tantum Sigillo Regis Ca-
tholici munitas effe, unde dubitamus non ejfe eas ejufdem -vigor is S? Authorita-
tis, ac noftrum Mandatum fub Magna Sigillo Anglise.

In ipfa etiam Subdelegatione Sereniffimi Domini Archiducis defderamus
claufulam quam cupimus adjungi, fcilicet, quod CathoUcus Rex Hiipaniarum
confirmabit, @ ratum habebit, quicquid a Trocuratoribus, & Delegatis di6ii
Serenijfimi Archiducis geftum & conclufum fiierit, fcut in aliis TraBatibus
ejufdem natura intelligimus , a diBo SereniJ/imo Domino Archiduce faBum

Super quibus omnibus amice petimus ab Illuftribus Magnificentiis veftrisy
nt 7iobisfatisf at. %i'^ Maii Stylo Veteri 1600.

Henry Neville. Joh. Herbert.
Rob. Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

The

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 1 9 r

^71. 1600.

The SpamJJj and Archduke's CommifTIoncrs Anfwcr to the Engli/Jj

CommifTioncrs hr(t Letter.

Illuftrcs & Magnifici Domini,

T\pm'inus Verrekius Secretarins 'Domini nojlri Regis Cathfdici (£> Commifa-
*-^ rins 'DepHtatus a ScreniJJimis Trinciphus noflris Archidncihus ad J^ra/en-
tem facts TraBatum, nobis exhibuit befierna die "vefperi circa oEiavam ho-
ram, qnoddam Rcfpojifum in fine chart a fubfcriftnm quihnfdam chara^teribus
^ nominibus iUnJirium magnificariimqiie fcrfonarnm ve fir arum : Et ex eopra-
cipud adinvicem congratulati fiumns, quod illuftrcs ® magnificas perfonas ve~
fir as nihil- aliiid fipe^are perfipicimus qnam commune ;placitum pact fique optatum
finem^ quod nos propter commune bonum quod inde procedit, ^ quia fic nobis
mandatum <?/?, ardenter cupiraus. Et quia agitur inter CathoUcum Hifpanise
Regem, cui 'Deus tantorum Regnorum molem H are ditario jure comm/fit^ ac Se-
renifiimam Anglise Reginam, de cujus be'ievolo defiderio, & grata Zelo in futu-
ram pacem non dubitamtis, confintto in hujus Tra6fattls liviine aliquas omifimus
fiolicitas dubitationes qua urgebant contra copiam mandati nobis exhibiti, con-
ce fill que per Serenifiimam Angliae Reginam Illifiribits Magnificifique vefiris per-
fionisi quorum prudent ia ^ pracautioni legali-, majora fi oporteret confideremus.
Nee adhuc hoc neceffdrium, perpensd rei naturd qua toto Chrifiiano Orbi inno-
teficit, ^ quales Commiffarii, & qua necejfarid funt Authoritate "Deputati^ ^
qtiod in forma ntili ^ fipeciali-, toto tftiusTracfattis tenore infierto^ confirman-
du?n erit refipeBive a Regibus & Serenififimis Archiducibus quicquid d nobis ^
vefiris Illufiribus ^ Magnificis perfionis concluftim fuerit^, ^ hoc omnefaBo IDeo
Sollemni Jurdmento.

Obiter tamen confideravimus, & id neque querela neqtie petitione, quod at-
tento prafienti rerum Statu-, cafiu ^ non ex propofito, omifiiim fuiffe Archiducis
fialutationem, ciim fit Regis fi litis, @ a Regibus fiacrifque hnperatoribus de-
ficendat, & infuper fit Gener, Filius, & Prater Regum Hifpaniarum, vir ^
caput Serenififima Ifabellse Infantis Hifpaniarum py-iw^ogenita ; quod non exiguum
fied maximum judicamus, propter ho7iorem Sereniffimo Tiomino nofiro Archiduci
debitum, maxime in rerum ge ft arum futuris monnmentis : ^tod quia notifi-
mum, hoc idem fatentur Illufires magnificaque vefira perfiona. Nee mirum
aliquando Archiduci Philippo lUuftriffimi titulum fuijfe attributum, cum eodeni
tempore, in eodemqiie TraStatu, aqualis ^ idem titulus cum Rege Henrico Odla-
Vo fuerit ohfiervatus.

Nee dubitamus quin idem erit in articulo fiubfiitutionis oppofito mandato Re-
gis noftri Catholici, quafi defec'erit facultas fiubfiituendi nofiro Serenifilmo Ar-
chiduci. Adefi fipecialis ^ luculentifiima (fi verba Hifpanica ex quibus fiuit
genuine intelligantur) ibi — Para tratar y hazer tratar ; qua verba Hazer tratar,
includunt formalem fiubfiituendi facultatem cum per medias & tertias perfionas
id fit expediendum, ad quem efi^ecium appofita fuerunt talia verba, & eadem
fiubfiituendi facultas qua in Rege Catholico refidebat. Invenitur etiam in diSlo
Mandato aha vero Claufula, cum libera abfolutaque pot eft ate faciendi quicquid
Rex Catholicus facer e pojfet , fi prafens fuijfet , conceffum fuerit abfiolutis ^
tmiverfalibus verbis Serenifilmo Archiduci, quam fiubfiituendi facultatem ex di-
£tis verbis Jura Civilia & Canonica probant, & ipfa naturalisjuftitia commen-
dat etiamfi hac omnia omijfa fuijfent, quia fiimiles TraBatus Infantes & princi-
pes Sober ani non per feipfos fied per alios fubflitutos expediunt. Efi enim inter
privatam fortunam & Regale culmen medium obfiervandum, lit quod in Triva-
tis Mandatis folet apponi, in Regalibtis, fi concedantur Regi, five principi So-
berano, merito jure omittantur.

Mandatum autem 'Domini Don Balthazaris de Zuniga @ Fonfeca decimo die
OBobris Anno Domini i5'99, concejfum ex fe clarum eft, & idem dicimus de
Mandato Sereniffimi Domini Archiducis, nee umtm obumbratur ab alio, maxiyne-

per

1^2 The Tra7ifac}ions in the Book III.

An. 1600. J'^^ dat'ione^n fuhjiltutorum., quia talis fubjlitutio procedit vigore Factdtatis
de qua fnpra in illis verbis y hazer tratar ; q7ia frovijlo fiibfittutionis ex ra-
tionibus fup-adicris continetur in mandato nofiri SereniJJimi Archiducis a ana
dependet nojlra fiibftitutio & authoritas traEiandi ^ concLudendi, ^ Jic conterz-
tttr ilia ilU'^ueatio. Neqne honefie credendnm eft, SereniJJimiim '^rincipem no-
Jlrtim Archidiicem aliqnid circa prafentia prater voluntatcm ejus dile6lijjinii
fratris Regis noftri Hifpaniarum agere, fed in ipfius fpeciali volnntate qtia ex
publico documento refnltat.

Utrumque autem mandatum adhiic nbn Intelleximus private Regis Sigillo mu-
niri-, nee hoc nomen privati Sigilli adhuc audivimus inter nos, nee in flmilibus
CommiJJionibtis. Sunt enim pradiEla mandata propria manu Regis fubfcripta
, coram fw Secretario flatus, publico Regis & Regni Sigillo corroborata; tS fi
tale Sigillmn in magnitudine vel alia forma diverfiim eft a magno Sigillo An-
glise, hoc non mirum, quia nnaquaque Civitas abundat in fw fenfu. Communis
autem fl-ylus Regis noflri Catholicific diu obfervavit-, ita ut aliam diver fam Si-
gilli magnitudinem, non robiir & fupplementtim, fed for fan nullitatem produce-
ret, tanqttam ab inconfiieto.

^la etinm defiderant Illuflres & Magnifici T)omini in fubflitutione Serenif
fimi Tiomini Archiducis, quod Catholicus Rex rat am habebit quicquid a fubfti-
tutis geflum & conclufum fuerit, invenient hac eadem & fi placet major a ^
pragnantiora verba ad fin em diBi mandati & fibftitutionis pofita; promiferat
enim priiis Catholicus Rex , poflea fubi fupra) idem promittit ferenifflmus
Archidux quicquid a nobis Commijfariis faBum fuerit omni avo & tempore ex
7iunc prout ex ttmc ratum habiturum, confirmattirum, omniaque firma.^ rata £3
valida ejfe ; Idque ultra fuperiora convincitur in illis verbis Hifpanicis ellar
y palTar, y eftare y palfare : Et hac ex abundant i, cum verumfit, 'T)eo favente
& cofichisd pace, hac omnia in forma fpeciali confirmanda ejfe ab omnibus par-
tibus refpeiiive.

Sed quoniam majora nos expeSiant, nee convenit in hijs morose detineri%
enixe petimus tit quantum fieri poffit properemus in caufa, incipiendo a prafen-
tiali & confueta coiiferentia prafentibus omnibus in eodemque loco : Ha etiim
Chart a five Co did Hi, Interrogationes five Re (ponfiones ante prafentialem Confe-
rentiam, funt prater moram prapofteramque caufam, ^ fine dubio differunt;
& qua hie refpondimus benevole & amice funt diBa, & in hunc tantum finem,
ut fatisfiat voluntati illuflrium magnificarumque l^ominationum Veflrarum.

Dat' Bolonnise Die piimo Menfis Junii i(^oo. S. N.

T)on Balthazar di Zuniga/^ Ferdinando Carillo.

Le Trefident Richardot.
Verreyken.

The EngU/h Commiffioners fecond Letter to the Spamfh and

Archduke's Commiffioners.

Illuflres & Magnifici Domini,

ACcepimus hefterno die fub horam decimam, refponfum quod illuflres & mag-
mfica perfona veflra fecerunt ad ilia dubia, qua, infpeBis veflris Commifi
fionibus, maturiorique judicio fapius & iterum a nobis confideratis, meritb iu-
de enafci videbantur. Nobis certe gratum eft quod perfentimus, refidere in vo-
bis eandem animi propenfionem, quam in nobis ipfis agnofcimus & profitemur,
ad promovendum H expediendum hoc tarn fanBum iS pium negotium quod jam in
manibus habemus. Et fane nihil nobis fuijfet optabilius quam ut refponfum il-
lud, nobis omiti ex parte tam plene potuijfet fatisfacere, ut minime necejfe fuif-
fet illuflres ^ magnificas perfonas ea de re iterum compellare. Sed ut quod res

eft

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 1 9 3

eji fateamur J^ariim nobis adhuc cji fatisfarlum, idque ob has qua fequuntur An. 1 600.
rationes. -^ '

Trimum cum v'ldeam'ini in ca opinione ejfe conjliuttt^ verba (bazar tratar) ex-
prejja in illis rnandatis qua Catholicus Rex Hifjianiaium ferenifjimo domino
Jlrcbiduci nuperrime dedit, cotttincri plcnam i3 abfolutam fotcfiatan fubfiitnen-
di ^ fubdelegandi., nos certe tind vobifium in earn fcntentiam tion pojfumns dej-
cendere. Nam in antiquiorihus CommiJJjonibus fattis d. CathoLico Rege Hilpa-
niarum, /// quihns animus fuit ^ propo/knm vicar id opera S> indiiftrid Jiti, in-
venimus dijertis verbis & concejfam fuijfe Commi£ariis factiltatem fuhflituendi^i
^ re gem ex parte fim Jiipti latum e£e, fe confirmare vclle ratnmqne habere^ quic-
quid ab iifdem fubdelegatis faBum S) conclufum foret : ^od videre efi in tlla
CommiJJloue concejfa illujlri/jimo Duci- d'Alva ad agendum cum fereniffima domi-
na Regina nojira Anno 1573; Jlmiliterque, in ilia altera cone e (fa domino Ludovi-
co Requczens Anno 1574: Riorum utrunqtie ut nobis videtur, in bac prafenti
vejira CommiJJione penitiis eji omijfum. Saltern tllud f>ofterius cujus ne minima
quidem rationis umbra pot eji adduci utcunque ad jkperius illud^ nempe ad con-
jiituendam fubdelegandi facultatem verba ijia (hazar tratar) jndicio vejirarum
illujirium perfonarum inferri pojfe videantur. Illnd etiara putavimus adjicien^
dum, quod quamvis T)ux d'Alva ex eadem CommiJJione exprejjam hahtierit facul-
tatem fubji'ttnendi, nihilominns domina nojira Regina, nee commodum, nee tu-
turn putavit cmn ejus fnbfiitutis agerc, donee Rex Catholicus vigore alteriui
CommiJJionis dijirte nominajfet fuaque authoritate corroborajfet eos ipfos dele-
gates quos ipfe T)ux d'Alva ante nominaverat, recepijfetque fuo nomine fe ra-
tum habere velle quodcunque facerent : Indeqiie confecutus eji Tra6iatus habitus
Briftollise, Anno 1574.

^od vero illujires & magnifies per fin a vefra negant fe adhuc intellexijfe
mandatum private Regis Sigillo muniri, aut adhuc audijfe nomen privati Sigilli
inter eas, illnd fane nobis aliquo modo mirtmi videtur-, cura ipjijjima verba qtia
fequuntur relationem Commijfionis CatJoolici Regis Hifpani:^ fa^a fereniffimo
Archiduci hac funt, {8c eft ledit pouvoir cachete du cachet fecret de ia Majefte ;)
qua verba (cachet fecret) nos nefeimtis alio modo interpretari nifi nomine pri-
vati Sigilli : Atque verbum (privatum) arguit, aliud effe ejufdem generis magii
publicum ; nee quod videmus, ulla extant verba qua Sigillum ijiud, Regni efle
Sigilium inferunt.

Torrb in prioribus Fcederibus inter Regna Anglias kS Hifpanis, Commijfiones
datas fnijfe fub Magno Sigillo conftat-, ut ex illis fuperius recitatis liquidb appa-
ret^ & ex eo habito cum Ferdinando ^ Johanna Caftighae ^ Arragonise Regibus
Anno 1 5" 1 5*. Etiam in aliis Regnis, principes utuntiir & Magno & Privaro Si-
gillo, quorura illud femper plus Roboris & Au/horitatis babet. Non igittir no-
fra dubitatio fine caufii propofita fuit, cum non fit quod crederemus privatum
Sigillum Hifpaniffi ejufdem Authoritatis e[fe cum Magno Sigillo, nifi fit fortafse
(quemadmodum vefra illuflres ^ magnifica perfona ajjirmant,) quod quadam
Civitas abundet in fenfu fuo, eo quod ab inftittitis & moribus aliarum nationum
dijferat. Longe quidem abfiimus ab ea ignorantia, ut arbitremur magmtudinem
Sigilli aut for mam quamlibet, con f err e aliquod ad Robur ejus vel augendum vel
confirmandum ; illud vero certo fcimus, difcrimen ejfe inter privatum Sigillum
^ publicum, quod in omnibus aliis Regionibus nuncupatur Sigillum Magnum, @
it a videtur femper fuijje ufurpatum in if fa Hifpania, (icut exempla fiperius al-
lata demonftrant. Arbitramur igitur hac in re, aut id quod volumus non bene
fuijfe intelleBum, aut nonfatis appofite nobis ejfe Refponfum.

Verba qua cupimus addenda alia non funt quani qtia continentur in fimili-
fubjiitutione fa£fd d ferenifilmo Arcbiduce in iraEiatu habito cum Regno Galli^e
Anno 1597. In quo fereniffimus Archidux promittit non folum feipfum velle con-
firmare quicauid d fuis fubdelegatis erit Geftum, idque tarn ample pleneque, ac
in hac if fa de qua nunc agitur CommiJJione: Sed etiam (fi beibign eft le faire
follennement confirmer, ratifier & approver par fa Majefte.) Stipulatio etiam
Catholici Regis Hifpaniae in hac Commijfione, feipfam folum extendit ad ratum

D d d habendum

1^4 The TranfaBions in the Book III.

An. 1600. habendum quod fa^um ertt a ferenijjimo Archiduce, non ad illud quod faSium
er'it ab Archiducis fubdelegatis. Ideo Ulam Claufalam, qua in hac ferenijjlmt
Archiducis CommiJJione om'ijfa eji, tit duximus maxime necejfariani, Jic cupimus
inferendam ejfe.

^tod attinet ad tltulum (Sereninimi) Domino Archiduci adfcribendum, etjt
non opus Jit ea de re amplius dijferere., in qua illuflribus & magnificis perfonis
"ueftris fatisfacere fufcepimus, unum tamen illud fiLentio non duximus fratere-
nndum, quod innuere videamini rirulum Archiducis sequalem efTe ® eundem cum
titulo Regum Anglise ; quod fenitus feme gamns aiit unquam fuijfe, aut effe opor-
tere. 'Dignitas enim ^ Trarogativa Corona Anglise hac femper fuit, ut Reges
ejufdem^ jure fiio, pr^cedeient omnes Archiduces, turn Tittilo, tum cater is qui-
bufcunque Honorum gradibus.

Ultimo cupimus moras omnes amputari non minus qiiam 'vejlra illujlres &
magnifica perfona, & devenire ad ipftim colloquium quamprimum illis videbi-
tur, modo nobis prius fatisfiat tum in necejfariis hi fee fundament is, quibus
mandati robur innititur, tum in aliis circumjlantiis non minoris momenti: No-
minatim verb in Trioritate loci & Pra;cedentia ; nt is honos deferatur ferenijfi-
ma Regina domina nojfra, qui Jure ipfb, & poffeilione ab omni ferie 6c Juccef-
fione temporum, Coronse ipfius deberur. Et hoc quod replicamus petimus be-
nigne accipi ab illujlribus & magnificis dominationibus vejiris, ^ eo candore
quo nos interpretaturi fumus quicquidab Hits proficifcettir. Trofitemttr infiiper
nos arbitrari rationem ijiam Jpecfare non ad moras faciendas, fed ad enticlean-
das definiendafque potius negotii difficult at es, ut omnibus fcrupulis prius e
medio fiblatisj cum convenerimus rem ipfam ^ fubftantiam Tra^iattis ferio ag-
grediamur.

Dat. Bollonnias 14 Maii, Stylo veteri.

Henry Neville. Joh. Herbert.
Rob. Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

The SpamJJj and Archduke's CommiflTioners Anfwer to the Rngl'ifh

Commidioners iecond Letter.

Illuftres & magnifici Domini.

ACcepimus hodie vefperi circa horam tertiam quoddam illuftrium magnifica-
■^ -^ rumque perfoitarum vejirartim fcriptum, ^ quoad defeEium fubjiitutionis
mandati ferenijjimi noftri Archiducis, ingenue fatemur fubjiitutionem eJfe le-
gittimam, quam oppofita except io non excludit, & quia talis fkbftituendi facul-
tas reipfa ex ipfo mandato procedit, f animadvert atur, in mandato ad Lites il-
lam Ipecialem fubjiituendi faculratem ut mandatarius fubftituat requiri, in quo
cafii non fumus ; in Mandato vero ad Negotia, (in quo Cafit fumus) eo ipfo quo
conceditur, fuhftituendi facultas, libere & quandocunque, intelUgitur concejja ;
quibus vocibus libere & quandocunque utuntur Rejponfa prude7ttum, ad quorum
inftar facri CaJiones fie deciderunt, & communis rerum tifus neceffarib admifit :
Sed quia habetis, tit ex affertis cognofcimus-, Mandatum Regis Catholici fere-
niffimo Archiduci ad Tacis cum Gallia Rege Tra£iattim Anno ifp/. concejfumy
animadvertendum eft, (^ hoc amice rogamus-,) Mandatum illud in nihilo a pra-
fenti differre, & illius virtute fa5fam fuijfe fubfiitutionem, & fine difficultate
a. Gallise Regis Commiffariis admiffam. Eft tamen inter hac Mandata difcri-
men, quod illud caret illis verbis y hazer tratar, qua fmt in noflro Mandato,
quod hac tit parte eft primb uberius ; £^ fie non mirumfi perfiftamus in fubftitu-
tionis veritate, ta^iquam in re in eifdem terminis admiffa & obfervata : ^la
etiam obfervatio & Alandatortim aqualitas, ducis Albani exemplum quod fuit
in dtjfimilibus Terminis exterminate & concludit prater aqualitatem obfervan-
tia unitatem in terminis, in modo & forma. Et hoc idem Refponfum, Magni

Sisilii

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. i^^

Sigilli dcfe^um ^ ca qua ajfcrnntnr concludit, cum in Tdcis Gallix Mandate An 1600.
non fit alind magnum Sigillum nifi prafcns, nt ex tffa tvfpe^ione conjtat : Et
Revcra cjtt'icquid di^lum ftterlt de Sigtllo fecreto, de qjio ad privatum ii/fertur^
nobis Hilpanis hac nomina ignota fant, & verijim/m ejl noflro Sigillo Sigilla-
ta talis ^ tantiC Anthoritatis 5y Rohoris ejfe^ ut nihil amp lius addi pojjit; Eft.
eiiim verim, quod Rex nofter qnando Negotia fecundum Bclgicarum 'Provincia-
riim Stylnm expediebantnr, illo Sigilli raagni nomine fttebatiir, qnodjamcejfavit^
& hacjuxta Hiipaniscftjlim, in Comm'iJJionibtis Concilii flatus fmit expedita. '

Fiat ta?ncn ut petitur tit ea omnia -verba qn^e a fereniJJ'imo noftro Archiduce in
pro'fenti fnbftitutione fiierunt o?nifa, qua appofita inveniuntnr in fnbftitntione
fabla Anno i^^J- circa Gallias Tract at um^ hac omnia ad cundcm ftylum ^ foni-
tum verbortm reducantur ; ^ fereniffimns Archidnx quoad hoc ad partiiim vo-
luntatem^ idem fnhftitutionis Inftrumentum ordinavit, quod ad omne beneplaci-
tiim infra paucos dies exhibehimus^ ^ fi oportuerit incipitur nb ori^inali man-
datorum praleEiione., ^ ab hoc etiam quod nunc defderatiir, \3 id ut illufiri-
bns magntficifque vefris perfonis fatisfiat.

Sed rem quidem infolitam 'iS> novam audivimus ; qnalis enim honor ^ locus, &
Majefias Serenifma Anglia: Regina dcbeatur, nobis & omnibus perfpefium
eft ; fed de Prioritate agere quorfum hac ? Si enim sequalitas, ncdum Prioritas ^
prsccdenria loci, tanto Regi, multaru?nque gentium Tatri opponatur, inaudi-
tum fane videbitur omnibus. Nos atitem- public £ falutis ^ Chriftiana Tran-
quillitatis defderio accenji-, (fi licet) inftanter petimus ut hac fleant, quem-
admodum haUtenus femper £^ nbiqne-, ipfi Regnorum natnra., ^ communis totius
or bis con fen f IS ufus ^ obfervatio judicavit. G^ia omnia ea finceritate & ani-
mi candore qnam res ipfa poftulat-, ditia funt.

Dat' Bolonise die 4 Menfis Julii 1600. S. N.

T>on Balthazar de Zuniga, / Ferdinando Carillo.

Le Trefident Richardot.

Verreyken.

The EnghJJj Commillioners third Letter to the Commiflioners of

Spam and the Archduke,

lUuftres & Magnifici Domini,

T}Erlegimus fcriptum quod illuftfes & magnifica Terfona veftra ad nos heft
•* miferunt. Ilia capita qua fubftitutionis poteftatem tB Sigilli vigorem at-
tingunt-, ftatuimtis non tilteriiis profequi, confident es de finceritate ferenifiimi
domini Archiducis, ^ acquiefcentes i;^ integritate illuftrium ^ magnificarum
veftrarum perfonarum, qua nobis polUcentur bonam fidem in hoc quod agitur ne-
gotioi fimimo cum candore \§ humanitate conjun^fam. Claufulam verb quam in
ferenifiimi Archiducis Commifiione omiffam effe fuperiits demonftravimus., quam-
primum commodumque videbitur, quod pollicita fiint veftra illuftres ^ magnifi-
ca Terfona, petimus infer endam.

^uod vero illuftres & magnifica vefira Terfona afferunt-, infolitum ® novum
videri quod propofiimus de Trarogativa & Prsecedentia: Dignitate ferenififima
Regina "Domina noftra femper debita, ne iEqualitatera qtiidem ei concedentes,
(eo enim verbo uti vobis vifumfuitj difiimulare non pofumus valde mirari, il-
litd viris veftra conditionis Eruditionis ^ Judicii novum ejfe & infolitum, quod
univerfo orbi terrarum notum eft ^ celebratiffimum. Res enim eft exploratiff-
ma quod cum Regio Hifpanise diftributa fuerit in diver fa Regna, nullum eorum
aut pralatum fuit Regno -Anglise, aut fe praferri vendicavit. Sed cum ilia
Regna devoluta ftierunt in manus Regis Ferdinandi @ Regina Ifabell^e, Regnum-
que Granats infuper ei adjunBttm una cum certis partibus ludiarum Occident a-

0 lium.^

19^ The TranfaBions in the Book III

An. 1600. Ihmy orta eft ifta contentio, Jpeciose magis quam folide re Be que fundata^ de
prsecedendi Dignitate cum Regno Anglia:, tempore quo Tapatum occitpavtt A-
lexander ejus nom'ims Sextus, iiatmie Hifpanijis. ^la, perdu^ia ad Temper a Jn-
liifecundi, NoX-xx.o.u'xmx's, Authar imprimis bonus, Hiiloriographus Iralus, nulLo
private beneficio Regno Angliae obftri&tis, quique eodem tempore Rom^e vixit,
eaque de caufa quemadmodum res AEia geftaque fuerunt probe potuit intellige-
re, de hac re ita. refert.

" Inter Orator esVicnnciSt'pii'sm Regis Ax\^\'^ £9 Hifpania; i^t-^ij-, inter Sa-
" era de Sedendo orta eft contentio, qua etiam fab Alexandre cwperat; Julius
" locum honor atijjimum Anglis/r(? tempore adjudicavit!' ^tod quidemjtts ^
prarogativam Reges Angli^e pojjidentes tenuerunt, ufqtie ad tempora Caroli V.
Imperatoris ; qui licet ratione Caefarese Majeflatis Jupremam fedem dignitatis
inter principes occupavit, illud tamen privilegium ad pofteros fuos, in praju-
dicium aliorum principum tranfmittere non potuit : Ideoque poft obitum ejus,
Quasftio de Prascedentia ad eofdem terminos unde antea digrejja erat, reverfd
eft. Cum igitur Reges Anglise femper tenuerint priorem & auguftiorem fedem
pra fmguUs ilUs Regibus, priufquam Regna eorum in unum reda&a fuerint ;
redaB'ifqne in unum indeqiie ea de re quaftione mota, jus fuum ex fententia Papse
retinuerjnr, de quo niillo unquara tempore aut occafione cejferunt ; extra Contro-
'verfiam putam-us efe, illud dt ]me pertii/e^e fd Coronam Anglix, utcunque pro-
pagata funt & a'/z/plifcata territoria & T)omiiiia Regni Hifpanias, quod recia re-'
rum aftimatione nihil valet aut valere debet int^r^Chriftianos'Rrincipes ad banc
prKcedentise quaftionem ; alioquin plurimi & RegeJ.& Trincipes ajfumerent fibi
pracedentiam in multos alios principes quibus edmW libere^ libenter concedunt.
Amplius, in hac prafenti Controverjia de Pi-^eedeiifcte digjiitate hoc ipfo tem-
pore, aliud eft quod fe non indigne ojfert, judiciis veftrzs examinandum : Nem-
pe quod unus e nobis quern Sereniffima ReginaT)omina_noftra ad huncTraEiatttm
Tacis concludendtim elegit, Legatus ejus eji,, qui quotidie refidet apud Chriftia-
iiifflmum Regem; quam dignitatem, una cum omnibus Trarogativis qui earn
concomitanttir retinet, quoad in Regno Gallix. commoratur. 'Rrimus verb e vo-
bis licet fit Legatus Catholici Regis apud Sereniflimum Archiducem, cum jam
Jit extra territorium Archiducis, qualitatem earn dignitatemqite exuit. Cenfe-
mus qtioque noftrum in quo multiplicata ifta dignitas elucet & dominatur, prafe-
rendum unicuique, qui fngulari & nudo titulo, T>eptitati fcilicet ad Tra6latum
T'acis indutus prodit. Vobis igitur fi placeat quaftio ifta alto filentio pramit-
tatur, hacque prarogativa de qua agitur maneat habit et que in Sereniffima Re-
ginaT)omina noftra, ad quam jure fpeEiat pertinet que : Ita alacrioribus animis
procedamus ad Conventum Colloqtiiumque, ctjus caufa hue accejftmus. Ifta om-
nia pro prudent ia & moderatione veftrarum Illuftrium {§ Magnif T)ominatio-
num petimus amice & candide accipi, ut qua profe£ia funt ab obfervantia ^
Religione ojficii noftrt, non aftudio temporis confumendi, aut contentionis exci-
tanda.

Dat. Bolonias x6 Mail 1600. Stylo Veteri.

Hen. Neville. Joh. Herbert.

Rob. Beale. Tho, Edmonds.

TOSTSCRITTVM.

Illuftres & Magnifici Domini,

Licet ex rationibus fuperiiis adduElis, certo nobis perfuademus prarogati-
'vam pr^cedentix Sereniffima Tiomina Regina noftra deberi, tamen quia hue
non acceffimus hujus Controverfia Caufa difceptanda, & ut innate feat univerfo
Orbi Terrarum Majeftatem fuam nihil in votis habere prius aut optatius, quam
utTraBatus ifteTacis ad bonum Chriftiana Reipubliq^a projperos ^ foelices fic-
ceffus fortiatur, p ar at i fumus fi placeat, viam qtiandam @ sequabilem rationem '
inire, qua hac Controverfia fine prajudicio alterutritts Trincipis amice tranji-

gatur:

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 15*7

gatur: ^(o i^fiim NegotiumTacis, cujus canfa pracij^uc convenmus, ctijufque Aii,\(too,
magna nb'iqnc cxpe£iat'to eji, facilius Sjiiic 7fiorc aggrcdiamur. ~ ^

The Span'ifh CommifTioncrs Anfwcr to the Efigl/Jlj Com mi(Ii oners

third Letter.

Illuftrcs & Magnifici Domini,

L'X his qu£ nobis £y lUufiribus Magntficifque Ter finis vejlris novijjlm^ ftie-
' ^ runt propofita^ cognovimns^ durnm ejf'e contra fiiniuLmn, z3 durius contra
votijjimam luce clarius Eluceutem leritatem, cakitrare. Veritas enim voftra
& vejier Jtimulus, non alitmd^ nifi ex prcpofitis con fiat. T>icitis enim & hoc
frimo loco., Regionem Hifpania^ in plnra Regna divifam, ® nullum Anglixi?^^'
710 pr a latum. Sed an bac caute & confiderate f;tnt qui videant ; Hifpania enim
non Regio necTrovincia., fed florentijjiymim individniimque Regnum a Genere
Gothomm fumpjit initium legitimd fuccejjlonis continuatione. Fuitque diutiir-
na Regum Gothornm Succeffio, & in Sacris legit imifqne Comitiis qnafi Liimi-
naria magna., i$ fitmmd reverent id ah omnibus f tint ati., quo tempore nee multo
pojiea BriranniiE Duces ncc nati nee creati; ctijus veritatis, anthores famma'M
majejiatern & antiquitatem noftrorum Regum celebrantes, petite ex Antiquif-
fimis Conciliis Toleraiiis ufque ad feptendecimuw, ab Ecclefia & omnibus fumma
veneratione habitis, a 'Divo Ifidoro, fvixit enim eo tempore) & a Glorio/a il-
ia cohort e qui Arianorum deliria fummo T^ei Ecclefia Zelo profligarunt , ^
conftahit etiam eo maxime tempore Ducurn titulos (cum territoria & heredita-
ria jurifdi^ione dicimusj effe incognitos: Hifpanise t amen Regnum jam ante
lattjjlme & dtutijjime iifvalnerat . Obfervate temporum feriem, legite Cofmo-
grapkos, qui non fine ratione Hifpaniam vehit caput in Corpore humane confii-
tuunt ; videte Feudiftas, qui de T)ignitatum Origine traclarunt. Supervenit
^ hoc multo poftea plurimis jam traufiiBis ^/////j- Agarenorum calamitas (jujlo
'^eijudiciojj qua etfi Regnum., non Regionem de Fa5io divifirit. Regius ta-
men fanguis nunquam defuit, a quo initio fiump to a Pelagio qiu tanquam proxt-
mior Agnatusy ad Regni Succefiionem fuit admijfus. Rex nofter Catholicus fiex-
agefimo o&avo legitima deficendentia gradu difiat , tranfiaEfique fiunt a
Pelagio ufique hue 900 anni : placatdque 'T)ei omnipotentis Ira., Gothorum Re-
ges Hifpaniae Regnum fie laceratum a Maurorum faucibus Gloriofiifiime jtire
Belli eruerunt, quod mult is abhinc annis in noflris Regibns totiim inte^rumque
confiolidatum fuit., & aliis Regnis, latifiimifpie ditionibus, favente T>eo., am-
pUficatum. Anne quia Invafio, Jpolium, vispublica Infidelium aliquando inva-
luit ex injifiifilmi belli calamitate, vero 'Domino @ legitimo Succejfori praju-
dicinm fiet ? Vel qnifnam erit Chrijiianus qui Infidelium & pnblicoriim hoftium
facinore probato., ex tarn turpi ® inhoneflo faUto predara quarat ? Vel an fi
Mauri Angliam invaderejit , (quod Deus avertatj ipfia jam recuperata finper-
ftite aliqno de fimguine Regio, dicit quis Corona Au^v.^Jura caduce deperiijfe?
Hauc vocamus elucentem veritatem, fied non ex nobis fid ex jure divino-, ex
EdiBisTratomm., ^Trudentitm Refponfis., ex Sacris Comitiis, univerfalibuf-
que Conciliis., & venerandis Ecclefia decretis qua in omni genere rerum @ dig-
nit at um fie decider unt., nunc jure Toilliminii., nunc jure Refitutionis cum
redintegratione totius Caufa in odium fipolii ^ violentia public a., nunc ex clau-
fiila falutifera generali qua reftituit Trator, vel ipfia naturalijujiitia, ne alio-
quin ex fraude ^ dolo quis fientiat commodum cum damno public a fialutis. ^ No-
ttim eft enim, @ hoc legali Trovidentia fiatis manifefte, in omni caufia, initium^
originem, progrejfumque, continuati ufius confiiderandum, declinationes vero in-
termedias fu^iendas, quod omifijiis, & hoc fiumma rerum Injuria, d divifiione
& trifti Infidelium Cafiu principium fiimentes, cum aliter Res fie habeat ; Intel-
ligebamus enim in noftris Hifpanis rebus melius inftrti6loSi qua de caufia fiumma

■ %^Q Q ratione

1^8 The TranfaBions in the Book III.

An. i6oo. ratlone tunc dix'mms & nunc affirmamusy novam & inauditam talem Prseceden-
' tiam.

Arguitts tandem ab unlus Volaterrani Author it ate, quo genere Argument i ft.
nobis fas ejfet dijferere-, unius loco, (qualis enim is /it, vel quod dicat, vel an
•veriim dicat non eji ^rafentis quafiionis ,J Exfenderemus Jacra Comitia Con-
ciliaque univ erf alia a ferie & Tempore Gothorum, Legionilque @ Caflellae Re-
gum graviffimos & valentes viros, qui in renim gefarum monumentis Prsce-
dentiam Regis noflri laiidarunt, obfervanmt ^ referunt, idque communis fen-
Jus approbat.

Sed quia prohibitum eft ne quis in fua caufajudicet vel jus fibi dicat, nee vo-
lumus verbis aerem verberare ; nee minus licet, fetere plus ut minus conceda-
tur Ji utrunque indebitum eft ; moti pluribus Tiis ^ gravibus rationibus, ea
qua pads funt, tantu'mmodo agere conftituimus y praterittfque iis omnibus qua
-veljurgia vel contentiones parere pojfiint, ut & confidimus, Illuftres Magni-
faafque veftras performs pro fua prudentia his finem impojituras ; nee enim
congruit deficieiite legitimo jiidice (nee in ea tarn clara opus eft,) in hiis ulte-
r.ius procedere, nee verba ejfundere, fed de afiis (habita pro conftanti Regis
Prsecedentia) pertraEiare.

Dat. Bolonise die feptimo Menfis Junii 1600, S.N.

*Don Balthazar di Zuniga f. Ferdinando Carillo.

Le Trejident Richardot.

Verreyken.

The ^teen to the Englidi Comm'tjfioners for the Treaty at BuUoigne.

Elizabeth R.

TRufty and right well-beloved we greet you well. By your Letters of the
ao* of this Moneth, delivered unto us the next Day, we underftand what
hath pafled between you and the Commiffioners fince your Landing ; wherein we
do commend that you proceed with Caution, in a matter of fo great Moment.
We have confidered of your Obfervation oifome Scrupules probably moved as
well upon their Commiflion, as your owne ; upon which, althoughe we might
With good appearance (land, and urge to have them further cleared, if the Ami-
lance hereafter of Conditions to be agreed on now, did effentially depend upon
the Formallitie of thefe Things : Yet becaufe we wold have them know, that
we are neither fo greedy ofTeace as we would pafs over Matters of Subftance,
nor fo carelefs ofyt, as to fpendtyme in reconcileing Scrupules of this Nature;
you may let them know, that althoughe we do find Matter to which we might
in ftriB Ceremony take Exception, yet feeing we have been drawen on thus
farre, by no other reafon fo muche, as by Confidence in both the Princes Syn-
cerities, (it being proper to us to judge the Spirit of others, by the Clearnefs of
our owne Intentions,) we are contented without infilling upon thefe Things in
the beginning, to pals on to further Conference ; the rather to juftifie thereby
our clear Meaning in a Caufe, to the Succefs whereof, there is among Chriftian
'Princes fo great Attention. And therefore, in particular to anfweare the Doubts
propoled by you; we find them to have reference partly to the Validity of the
Spanilli CommiJJion, and their intended manner of making the Treaty one joy nt
Adiion, and partly Dowbts conceived of the fujfcient IVarrantize of your
felves, by the Commiflion and In{lru(51:ion which you have from u^. The fyrft
do confift in fome four Points ; one, that the Commiflion is fealed with a lefs
Seale and termed a Trivie Scale, and not a Great Scale as ours is. Another,
that in the Tenor of the King of Spaine's Commiflion, (hazar tratar) are not
fufficient as you think, to give the Archduke Tower to fubde legate others. To
both which our Anfweare '\%, That becavife we think yt were to fmall purpofe,

for

Book III. Treaty of Bulloignc. i^^

for the King oi Spalnc and the Archduke (who have engaged their Honor fo far An. i6co.
as they have done already in this Treaty") piirpofely to iile any deficient Forme or
Claufes inlufficient in tlieCommifTion, (wlieh no Man needs to dowbc but when
Things arc agreed on by you, they mud be ratified by both of us hereafcei)
We will accept this publick Act of theirs, as a fnjjicient ''Declaration of their
Intent and J I arrant to treat 'with ns, being under fitch a Scale as yt is. So
that for the matter of the Scale, yf they as Commidioners for the Princes will
give their honorable Atteflation, that the King (as Verreyken did fay to Ed-
monds) ufcth no other Scale, and that the Cornmifflon to treat with France "juas
fealed 'with the like, you may then forbear to (land longer upon y t. And upon
the fame Ground alfo of their true Meaning, we are contented not to urge the
demaunding of any more exprefs Words of Tower to ftibdc legate to be inferted
in the Spanilh CommiJJion, but to accept o( Hazar tratar, bccaufe we hold the
Words to be forcible in that Language, and in bonafidei Conftrti6lione to import
as much as is requyred, howlbever in Interpretation of Law they may be argu-
ed. And elpecially, becatife the Senfe of this and all other Treaties, doth not
fo much depend upon the iVarrant given by Trinces to their Miniflers to treatc,
as tip on that of Ratification of the Trinces then/f elves, approving 'what their
Servants have done.

A third Dowbt moved by you is. That the Archduke's Coramifilon granted to
tlie Sfanifl? and his Commijfioners joyntly, doth not containe one particular
Claufe, that he /hall procure t he-King (?/"Spaine to ratify e what jhall be done, as
he did in the like Commififion granted by him to treat e with the Frenche, Where-
unto we fay, That, fyrft, yc feemeth to our Counfaill here upon the Perufall of
both Commiilions, That the Words are forcible enough to bynd the King of
Spaine in Honor to approve his Minifters Doings, and that the Archduke himfelf
doth promife all he doth, both in the King's Name and his o'WJie. In which,
althoughe he doth not ule the Words fi be foign efi, as in the Commiflion for the
Treaty with France, yet that need .not be flood upon, becaufe we fee that you
do treat not only with all whom the Archduke by virtue of the King's Commif-
fion doth fubdelegate, but with fome of them (as the Spanijh AmbafTador) who
have an immediate Commiffion from the King of Spaine. To which maine Ar-
gument, this may happely be a good Caufe why the Archdtike ufed not the
JVords fi befoign eft, ©r. as in France, becaufe we do further call to mynd, that
at the tyme of this Treaty with i^ri2://r^, thcTraiifport o^x.h.Q Low-Countries w^s
not confiimmated, nor the Marriage of the Infanta perfected; fb zs the French
had more Reafon then to urge yt, and they to infert fuch Words in their Com-
miflion (whereby the King's Ratification was promifed,) becaufe the World could
take no fuch Knowledge of that Ahfolutenefs which' the Archduke affumed.
Whereas now, all outward Solemnities in the Tranfport are perfeBed, which
gives an appearance of a perfed: Cellion of the Low-Countries to the Archdukes,
who have receaved their Faith and Hommage. We may not in this cafe expedi
(howfoever by fome fecret ConjeBure we may argue that the King hath refer-
ved fome Intereft to himfelf) that they will infert any fuch Words now, as yf ^
there vi'^ere any Caufe for the World to dowbt, that for the State of the Low-
Cotmtries, there need be any further Refort to any other Authority then what
the Archdukes themfelves iliall do. Further, yt is alfo incident to this Cafe, that
yf the King of Spaine iliall not give fuch Confirmation to that which fhall be ac-
corded as we fliall like, we are at our Liberty to graunt nothing unto him. And
feeing thefe Deficiencies appeare in his Commidions and yet are pafTed over by
us, yt may give us juft Advantage (yf ought iliall fortune to be agreed on) to
urge him to beginne with us in the Ratification. Wherefore, you ihall notftay
upon that point, neyther hkewife make Difficulty upon the fourth matter moved,
touching that which you perceave hj Kerrey kin's Speache to Edmonds, that they
mean to make but onejoynt AB tf/Spaine and the Archduke's together, and not
feverall in thisTreaty. For we cannot have of them any other manner of Pro-
ceeding then they willyealde; although difcovering hereby, as by fome other

things.

200 The TrafifaBio77s in the Book III.

jin. 1600. things, fbat the Tratifport of the Low Countries to the Archdukes is not fo ab-
> foliite as they would have yt-, we fliall have reafon alwayes to look the more fub-
jlantially to fuch affurances as the King of Spaine is to give us for performance
of that which Ihall be agreed, be yt by joynt or fever all ABy as the Proceeding
further of the Treatie will fliew us to be necdfull to require. And thus muche for
Anfwere to the Poy nts that concern the Im^erfeEiions of their Tower.

And now touching that which concerns your own Comraiflion. For the Word
\Illuftrifftmus'\ whereto feme Exception is made, we are pleafed therein to fa-
tisfy them, and therefore have fent unto you a Chancerie Man (who wrote the
Commiffion) to amend yt in the fame hand; v/hom our Plcafure is you fliall
caufe in your Prefcnce to raze the Word Ilkjlrijfimus, and to make yt Serenif-
Jimus in as many Places as in the Commiflion yt is found; and for the doing
thereof, thefe cur Letters Ihall be to him and you a fuflicient Warrant. And to
the CommifTioners you may fay, that your felves knowing that our Meaning
was never to abridge any prerogative of Title which by the Archdukes have been
ufed, and that this Miflake was but the Clerk's Error, fending the Commi/Tion to
us, you have yt returned to you amended.

Concerning the other two Dowbts, one about the ^y^^/?, which you think you are
not warranted to take becaufe it is not Equivalent to our Great Scale ; the other the
Want ofJVords in the Commiffion, which you think doth not correfpond to the
Words of our Commidion to you, whereby yt is faidyou Ihall treate with Commii-
i\ox\tx?> potefiatem Similcm, fiifficiens ^ plenum Mandatum habentes; nor of your
Injiru^ions, whereby you are direcSted to have regard to the Tower of thofe you
Jhall treate with both from Spaine and the Archduke, that yt be as ample as
that which yoH have from us. You may perceave by that which above is writ-
ten, that our Meaning is not to ftay at thele Matters, to the end to difcover what
the IfTue of this Conference is like to be, the clearing whereof will ask long tyme.
And therefore, as we are content rather to adventure upon Trull of good deal-
ing, fo we for your Satisfidion exprelTly fignifye unto you, that we do fupply
hereby what Want foever there is by you conceaved to be in the Words of our
Commiffion above repeated, being literally taken, whereby you thinke you have
not Power to treat with CommifTioners Sub-delegates ; and do difpenfe with the
Words of our Inllrudions, as well for accepting their Commiffion with luch a
Seale as it hath, as alfo for not containing of more exprefs Words of Power to
Subdelegat ; both which notwithflanding, we do will and warrant you to pro-
ceed with them according to the reft of your Inftrudiions.

Lafl of all, for Anfwere to that which you defyre to know our Pleafure in
touching Ceffation of Arms ; You fliall underftand, that for good Reafons we
would have the Speech thereof avoyded yf yt be poffible for you to fhift yt ; but
yf yt be fo urged that you cannot put yt off, you may then underftand, that
we can in no fort lyke that yt Ihall further extend, then to the narrow Seas and
Places of the Archduke's Dominions. For Reafon whereof you may alleage ,
that the ftretching of yt further hath impoffibillity in yt ; for that neyther fuche
Shipps of our Subjedls as are already at the Seas in farre Voyages can take know-
ledge of the CefTation to any purpofe for flirtherance of the prefent A6tion, nor
likewife the Notice thereof come in any convenient Tyme into Spaine, to hin-
der the Proceeding of any thing there aheady fet forward, as happly there may
be, for annoying us eythcr upon our Coaft here, or in Ireland. And further,
that they have {^o^XtA fince theAjfurance of Treaty many of our Subjedts, both
in the Weft from Spayne, and in thefe Parts, alfo to the North and Weft, which
we did not think they would have done. We being conftrayned therefore for
prevention of the like, to fet out divers Ships that kept the narrow Seas to the
furthermoft Part Weftward for Safety to our Merchants, from fuche as dayly
come from the Groyne and other Parts in Bifcay.

To all which Arguments we have thought good to furnifli you with another
Matter, and that is, that in this very lafl Moneth, two Shipps from the Groyne
have carried both Munition and other Support to the Rebells in the North of
Ireland. Next

Book IIL Treaty of Bulloigne, Qot

Next you lliall rcccavc a Letter of the King oi Spain cs under his c^'iie hand^An. 1600.
which came to ours, even from the Traytors themfehes, (who would faync .
have Mercy of us) Whereby yt anpeareth, that vot-^nthjiandivg all this
Jhe:jD of Teacc, encouragement hath been gii-en hy the King to our RebelLs in
Ireland, of which we might take ground to mifdceme of his Meaning in this
Treaty; and yet we are plcalcd to pals it over, as things ivhich fome defend to
be toUerated till Matters be concluded-^ expelling that he willproceede playne-
ly and roundly ivith us inthe maine. Hereof we can be contented, that yf in
talk between them and you convenient opportunity be miniflred, you may both
Ipeake of this Letter and flievv yt yf the PalTage of things do give you Caufe ;
cyther to ule yt as an Argument, to affyrme that yf we be overeached, yt is
Confidence in the Trince's Sinceritie and not any lack offrovidence or Caution ;
or to let them fee, that we are not \'o carelcfle upon trufl of Peace, but that our
Eyes be open towards all Coriiers, from whence we may difcover what is meant
to us.

Given under our Sigiiett at our Mannor of Greenwich the ij^^^ Day of
May 1600. in the 42'' Year of our Reigne.

The Comm'iJfL oners for the Treat'y of Bulloigne to Mr, Secret ar^y Cecyll.

Right Honorable, 29* iV/^ 1600. O. S.

YT may pleafe you to underftand, that We receaved her Majeflie's Letter of
the zj^^^oiAIay the 26* of the fame. Before which tyme (as we fignify-
ed unto ybur Honour in our laft Difpatch that we intended,) we were entered
into a Conference by Wryting with the Sfanijh CommifJJoners touching the Ex-
ceptions to their Com^miffion whereof we made mention, and had receaved fome
reafonable Satisfaction from them in all Poynts laving in the Matter of Treceden-
cie, which we had likewife propounded in our Reply, marked with the Letter C,
whereunto they anfwered, as may appeare in the Papet mairked with T). By
which Anfvvere we fynding her Majejiie's Honor much touched^ we would not
forbear but (according to our Inftrudtions) to fhew fom part of the Reafons
whereby we claimed the Place as due unto her, which your Honor ihall fynd in
the Writing marked E\ and therewithall (to avoyd all further Delay which
might grow by the profecuting of that Queftidn to our principal! Buiynefs) we
added by Poftfcript, an Offer to enter into Confideration with them of fome mid-
dle and equall Courfe-, to accommodate that ^oynt without T'rejitdice to eyther
Syde, whereunto as yet we have receaved no Anfwere. Notwithltanding we hav^
thought fit to acquaint your Honor with our Proceedings thus farre, and to fend
you Copies of all, relerving the Originalls under their own Hands in our Cufto-
dy. We purpofe yf they fliall offer any reafonable way, which may ftand with
her Majeflie's Honor and our Inftrudtions, to proceed to a Meeting : Otherwife
to advertife fuch Overtures as fliall be made by them for the compofing of this
queftion, and to exped; her Majeflie's Refolution.

Whiles this Queftion hath depended, there have bin private Vifitations betweeile
me the Secretarie and ihtAudiencer, and likewife betweene m&Thomas Edmonds,
and the Trefident Richardott and the faid Audiencer. In the which, Speeche
havinof bin miniflred of this matter of Trecedencie, they feem to fynd yt llraunge
that we would ever move ytj and that y t did never fall into the Archdukes or
their Confideration, as a Matter which they thought would never have bin called
in queftion. Although I Thomas Edmondes ftill maintained unto them, that I
had expreflly fignifyed the contrarie to Richardott at my laft being at Bruffelst
and urged his Anfwere thereupon, which he refufed to give till the Meeting ; fay-
ing only nous ne rompions pas la deffus. All the which he could not deny now,
but faid that his Meaning was, that he thought we would not breake upon yt.
The fame Richardott was now very earneft, that we jhould not have replyed to

F f f their

202 The TranfaSions in the Book III

j^n. 1600. tJ^''ir Aiifdvere touching the Trecedencie, alleaging that the Spaniards would
think themfelves engaged by yt, not to determine anything without advertifeing
into Sj>ayne. But becaufe we conceived, that thefe Adls which pafled in Wririno'
between us, 'would remaine as Monuments to Tofieritie-, we were not willing
to leave ofTwith fuch a Blott and Difadvantage to her Majeftie, as to have not
only Trecedencie but Equallity denjed her, unafwered by us ; and therefore
thought good, fyrfl: to fortifye her Majeftie's Clairae by Realbns, and afterwards
to add the Poltfcript, to reconcile thefe Extremities by fome indifferent Courfe^
according to the Order of our Inftrud:ions. And amongft other Reafons which
they alleaged, why they could not like of an equall Courfe with us in this Poynt,
they flood cheefly upon this, that they coiitefted with Fraunce/^r the Tlace;
and we yealdingyt to France, yf they Jhould now affent to an Eqtiallitie with
us, yt were to quitt their 'Preten/ion againfi France ; of all which we thought
fit to make relation, that your Honor may fee, that yt is likely there will be
more difficultie in that Point then at firfl was conceived. When we had writ-
ten thus far, (the Wynd not then ferving to fend away) we receaved Yefternight
another Wryting from the Spanifli Comiflioners marked with 7^, which we lend
unto your Honor with the reft; to which, for that yt containeth no Matter of
Moment, we mean not to reply, but attend whether they will make any An-
fweare to our Offer contayned in the Poftfcript; which yf they do not we muft
hold yt for refufed, and defyre in that Cafe to underftand her Majefties Diredlion
how we fliall further proceed ; for that we take yt, that we have gone as far in
this Point, as our Inllrudtions feem to warrant us. In the meane tyme, we are
very gladd we have drawen thus muche from them, thatyt may appear upon how
weake Reafons they found their Pretence ofprefceancey.

As foon as any other Matter is offered we will advertife yt with all Dilligence,
In the mean tyme we mofl humbly take our leave.

Tour Honor's very humblie to be Cotnmanded,

VtovciBuliogne, Sec. Henry Neville. John Herbert.

Robert Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

TJ'jeCommiJJlonersforthe Treaty at Biilloigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, 2-^ June 1600. O. S.

IT maypleafe your Honor, we thought good to take the Opportunitie of Mr. Ce-
cyWs Returne, to advertife your Honor that fmce our laft Diipatch there is
uo great Advancement in our Bufynefs. Only, the fame day, the Audiencer
came unto me Thomas Edmonds, and delyred to have a Copy of the Commiffioa
as yt was refourmed, and that I would take the Paines to advife with the Tre/i-
dent Richardott for the reconciling the "Difference in ^ejiion. Accordingly I
went unto him that Evening, and having delivered him the faid Copy, I tould
him that we found yt flraunge that having anfwered the refl of our Wryting, they
had made no Anfwere at all to our Offer contayned in the Poftfcript^ That for
our Parts, although we had juft occafion to miflike their laft Anfwere in Wryting
and to reply unto yt, yet to pafs by all queftions that might hinder the proceed-
ing in the principall Bufynefs for which we came, we were refolved to Ipend no
further tyme in RepHes, but to continue our former Offer, and to expecii their
Anfwere to yt ; protefting that yf there grew any delay or breache for want of
Conformitie in them, the Fault fhould not be ours but theirs, who would not be
fatisfyed with Realbn and Equallitie, but would needs urge a Prejudice and Dif^
advantage upon us. His Anfwere was at the fyrft very f iff in the Maintenance
of the Toynt ofTrecedencie, but being put in mynd by me of what I tould him
before at Brujfels touching that Poynt, and allured that we were refolved not to

yeald

- . > ■ . •

Book III. Treaty of Bn\loign6, doj

ycald in it, or to giveaway anie jott of her Majeftie's Honor-, he dcfyred in An. j6oo.
the end, thai: we would p-opound feme way to accommodat the 'Ty'tjftrence ;
which I faid I would relate, praying him hkcwifc to think of fomc fitt Courfe,
which he promyfcd to do. We made no hart: to propound., defy ring and thinking
yt mod lor licr Majcftic's Honor, that the particular Offer iliould fyrfl: come
from them, as the general Offer did from us, and fo the Matter relied untill the
Satterdaie; at the which tyme he the faid Trejident came unto my Lodging, and
after many Axhemcnt Protertations of his dclyrc to accommodate the Difference,
and to promote the Bufyncfs, he made the Motion that we would be plcafed to
come to the Spdmjh Ambajfador's Lodging to beginne the Confer ettcc, offering
that there they would give us the fyrjt Tlace. I tould him that I would relate
yt, but to the end that I might not mirt;ake him, I praied him to explaine him-
lelf whether their Meaning was, that we JImild there continue the Conference:,
or whether they would meet alternatively at ours. He anfwered me that he did
underrt:and, that the Meeting Ihould continue at their Lodging, but that they
vvould not rt:ick fomtymes to come to ours. I tould him that I was afliired that
this would nothing fatisfie our Syde, being in EffeEi the fame Toynt of Trior i-
tie which had been all this while debated, and that her Majeftie might as well
have fent to treat in their Country, which he knew was refufed. Notwithffand-
ing he praied me to relate y t to the reft: of the Commiffioners, which I promifed
to do, and to fend him their Anfwere foon after. Upon Conference amongfl our
felves, we returned Anfwere, That we found the Offer very unequal!, and could
not by any means accept of y t for the Reafons beforementioned ; but thereupon
we took occafion to deJyre that Rychardott and the Audiencer, yf not as Com-
miffioners for the King Of Spayne, yet as Commiffioners for the Archduke, would
take the Paynes to come and conferr with us at our Lodgings ; to the end that
we might at our meeting agree of fome equall Courfe to fatisfie both Sydes, and
to proceede to our Bufynefs. They tooke tyme to communicate y t to the Spa-
nijh Commiffioners, and afterwards retourned Anfwere, that they the laid Ri-
chardott and the Audiencer, would meet us the Secretdrie and Thomas Ed-
monds on the Sands at Five of the Clock, where we did ufe to take the Air
fometyme ; but becaufe we had made the Motion to them expreffly, as to Com-
miffioners for the Archduke and not for the King <7/"Spayne, and therefore took
their Anfwere to be made as in the fame Quallitie, we thought yt not fytt to af-
fent to fuch an eqUallitie with them ; but rather, that I Thomas Edmoiids fliould
returne tinto the Preftdent Richardott with this Meff!age^ that feeing they as
Commiffioners for the Archduke refufed to come to our Lodging for fo good an
End, in that quallitie that we moved, yt feemed they meaned to raife a new
^iefiion of Competencie between her Majeffte and the Archduke.^ and there-
fore we could not affeht to meet with them in that ^mllitie upon fuch equal
Termes. That we had bin defyfouS to conferr with them, as Men whom we
conceaved to be well affe(5ted unto the Peace, thinking by that means to come
the fboner to agreement ; which feeing they refufed, we mufl: returne to our for=
mer Defyre, that they would propofe fome equall Courfe to reconcile our Diffe-
rences. When I delivered this MefTage, the Prefident Richardott and the Au-
diencer were both together ; and their Anfwere was, that y t Was not their Intent
to compare the Archduke's G^iaUitie with her Majejiies ; but that their two
^mllities (as Commiffioners for the King of Spaine and the Archduke) being
fo nearly joyned, the other Commiffioners did not think fitt that they fliould come
to our Lodging, but for their own particular that they could have been content
to have done yt. Hereupon I tould them, that as long as they ftood upon thefe
Termes and would not think ferioufly of fome Courle of Equallitie, that wc
ihould never come together to do any Bufynefs, for we were refolute not to
yeald to any difadvantage or dijhonor to her Majeftie; and therefore praied
them, that if they had any luch Fancy, to put yt out of their Heads. That
for my owne part I faw but two Wayes to accommodate yt, eyther by meeting
in a third Tlace where there might be no Trefeance, or elfe to meet alterna-
tively

204- Tl^^ TranfaBions in the Book III.

An. 1600. t'lvely at one another s Lodgings ^ and the fyrfi Meeting to be determitied by Lott ;
whereof I praied him to advile, and to let us know their Refolution, for fo yt
was agreed amongfl: us that I Ihould faye. This Morning, (having receaved no
Anfvver from them in the mean tyme) we fent againe the Secrerarie of me the
AmbafTador to the Vt^^xAtntRichardott with this MefTage; that we had both by
generall and particular Offers made y t appear, how willing we were for fo publick
a Good to accommodate the Differences between us; and that we did exped: to
receave fome fuch Anfwere, as might declare the like Afledtion and Diipofition
in them ; or howfoever, that we delyred to know their Refolution, that we might
advertife the Queene our Myftrifs of y t ; who no doubt expedted no fuch Stijf-
nefs on their 'Part, but made account rather that we were entered into Bufynels.
His Anfwere was, that he had thought of yt ever fince his Conference with me
Thomas Edmonds, and had conferred of yt with the reft of the Commi/Iioners,
but could not yet grow to any Refolution about yt, but that this Day or to Mor-
row we iliould receave an Anfwere. This is ail which hath occurred fmce our
laft Difpatche, and therefore we will trouble your Honor no further at this tyme
but humbly take our leaves.

Tour Honor's humbly to be commanded.
From Bul/ogne the Henry Neville. John Herbert.

%'^ of jfune 1600. Robert Beale. Tho. Edmonds,

From the Lords of the Privy Councdlj to the Comm'tJJloners In the

Treaty at Biillogne.

t^ June 1600.

AFTER our very hearty Commendations. Hfer Majeftie hath been made
acquainted with all that hath paffed between you her Majefties Commif-
fioners and the others, as well in the Interim between your Dilpatche and your
Anfwere, as fince. Whereby her Majeftie perceaving upon how exorbitant Con-
ditions they ft and for the Matter ofTrecedencie, ihe hath commaunded us to
reitterate againe her former Diredion, that /he will never do herfelfthat wronge,
as to ye aid in that Toynt any manner offuperiority ; being refolved as foon to
keep her Sword drawen for maintenance of her Honor, as for her 'Poff^effions.
Her Majeftie hath feen their laft Reply marked with the Letter F, in which there
is nothing of any Subftance ; for when they would derive their Titles of Great-
nefs from the Goths, (who had Titles as they pretend before there were ever
"Dukes of Britaine born or created,) we do not fee but the fame may be faid for
Brittanie ; For y t appeareth in many Stoaries, that the Pofleflbrs of Brittanie
aftumed to themfelves de faSlo as greate Titles ever fince Julius Cseiar'j tyme.^
who was long before the Gothes. For the Poynt of the Cofnographers to refem-
ble Spaine to the Head of a Body, there muft be better Realbn fliewed then the
Pamphletts of an idle Braine. For the third Poynt of the lineall Defcejit from
that Blood Roy all of the Gothes, the lame may be layd of her Majeftie, who is
as lineally defc ended from the antient Kings of the Brittayns. And for the Ge-
fierall Counfaill, we can lay no more then hath been faid, that when England
acknowledged the See of Rome, they have far more to fhew for themfelves then
Spaine hath ; as may well appeare by the Divifion of Chriftendome into Nations,
Italicam, Gallicam, Germanicam & Britannicam, where Spaine is not fo much
as once named. To conclude, her Majeftie would have you plainely let them
know that for that poynt Ihe is refolute, further then to fall to fome indifferent
Compoftion, with Troteftation on eyther Jyde that no Jyde Jhall be prejudiced.
In this Poynt if you find them tractable, her Majeftie would have you lliew your
felves conformable, rather then to fruftrate all ; allthough you may thus affirme,
that what Claime foever they make, or howfoever by the Tower that Spaine hath
had from the See of KomQ,many Attempts have been made for Trecedencie; yet

they

Book III. Treaty ^Bulloigne. 205

they jhall never fl?c^oD dc fado, that ever they as Kings of Spainc hadyt 'ujhere jfji 1600
Eni^l.md "ji'as a Tarty-, but contraryjuife, that England had always clamed yt^ _/-\^^
and oftentymes enjoyed yt. Yox our yeald'm^ yt to France, and their contefiinv
with them, liowlocvcr any private "Difpojition to JVarre or Tcace have Ivvay-
ed any other Princes to Contention or to yealding, her jMajeftic is not in this
Cafe to look to luchc collatcrall Contingents, but to rclped her own prcfent
State and Intcrcft. Hereupon you fhall make Judgment, at what Price her Ma-
jcllie may vallcw the Purpolc of their Offers to make Peace. For yf their Nc-
ceditics or Zealc be not greater, then that they will quytt that which they pre-
tend f) Chrijiianly to dcfyre, for this 'Ftmcfilio vuithont jnft Reafon ; we may
think then, that all this hath been rather to fcrve fbme prejent Turn then other-
wifi. And in that Cale, yf you fhall fynd them to pretend to fend for a further
Anl'were into Spaine, you may let them plainly kno\A', that the Queenc will
not fnfFer you to tarry any longer on that Syde of the Sea for the dccydinc of
fuch a Qucltion. Whereof, confidcring how conformable the Queen fliews her
felf, there is no Man that will beleeve that there is any friendly Meaning in
them, to make dowbt.

Wc.alfo do fend unto you an Abftradt of a Letter written from the Commiilio-
ners at Vervih to the Cardinal Albert their Maifler ;, by the Style whereof we
dowbt not but Richardott will eafily acknowledge the Letter, yt being then in-
tercepted with other Letters at Sea, in going from the Cardinal towards Spaine.
By which Abftradt, out of their own Reafons (as Subdelegates only from, the
Car dill alt and not intermediate Comraiffi oners of the King of Spaine) you may
make lome prefent Ufe in this Treaty ; and withall take Occafion, by their owne
Words there alleaged (of their Proceedings with her Majeffie in 88,) .to let
them know, the juft Cauies of Diffidence which her Majeftie may pretend by for-
mer Example, of their Sincerity now ; efpecially when her Majeftie is contented
to affent for the general Good to any indifferent Courfe. And foralinuche as yt
Ava§ ufed once as a Reafon why the Trecedencie was graunted to England in 88,
that yt was in reffe^l her Majeftie fent her Commiffhners into his Territories;
you Ihall not fticke to let them know, that yf they will fend over two or three
of their Commiffioners into England, they jh all be ufed with the like Curt e fie in
that Confederation.

Laftly, becaufe we fee that they on the other Syde do juftifye their Tretenfi-
ons with farre fetched Reaibns hiftorically, I the Secretary have herewith fent
you fome Exftrads out of divers Authors, of good Antiquity and Credit. Where-
in although I doubt not, but you that are Men of Experience and Learning can
better furnilh your felves out of your owne Stoars ; yet as an Argument of my
good Will I have adventured to lend unto you Mr. Secretary efpecially, thele
poor things, to be ufed as you iliall think them pertinent or to liipprefs them.
And fo for this time we bid you very heartily farewell.

From the Court Tour very loving Freinds,

at Greenwich: Thomas Egerton, C. S.

T.BucHURST. Ro. Cecyll.

I fee not in any Seufe why they ihould fo infift, being but Subdelegates.

R. C.

The CommtJJloners for the Treaty at Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, 12,* June i6oo. O. S.

AFTER the Difpatch which we made by Mr. Cecyll, we hard not from the
other Commiffioners untill Thurfday the Sixth hereof; At the which tyme
the Prefident Richardott and the Audiencer came unto the Lodging oi me Tho-

G g g mas

20^ The franfdBions in the Book III

ji^n. 1600. mas Edmonds^ where I Robert Beak was likewife prefent. At the which Meet-
ing, inftead of making any Anfweare to our Offer or propofing any new Over-
ture on their part, they only renewed their former Motion, that we Jhould be-
ginne the Conference at their Anibajfador" s Lodging; pretending that we had
geeven them fuch a Blow, by the dire6i Challenge to the Frefeance-, as that there
was reafon that we fliould make them fome Reparation, by yealding fomerhing
unto them; or otherwife that yt would leave too great blott upon them, and all
other Princes would enter into the like Conteflation with them. We anfwered,
that for the Reafons before alleaged unto them we could not accept thereof, as
importing too great an Ineqtiallitie, and that we marvailled that they lliould a-
gaine propofe athing unto us, which we had before fo abfolure'y rejedled ; adding
further, that our CommiJJion extended not to admit t of any the leaf difadi-antage
or inequallitie : and therefore feeing that we had opened ourfelves io far as we
could, we praied them to do the like, for that otherwife, we faw no likelyhood
of further Proceeding. They faid, they had Thought of yt, bnt that they found
iio other way to accommodate yt, without notable Prejudice unto them, confi-
dering the great Blow which we had given them by our former Challenge, in which
Cafes le premier demandeur eftoit le vainqueur \ and therefore praied us, yf our
Commiffion did not extend to permitt us to accept yt of our felves, that we would
communicate yt to her Majeftie to trie whether llie would be pleafed to enlarge
our Power in that Point. We anfwered, that we knew her Majefties Fleallire
fufficientlie therein already, and ihould not need to attend any new Diredtions.
But they preffing earneftly, that notwithftanding we would communicate xx.., we
fayd that we would impart yt to the reft of the Commifiioners, and thereupon
let them know what we would do. Accordingly the next day Morning, (having
in the mean tyme conferred among our Iclve and receaved your Honor's laft
Letters of the fecond hereof,) we the faid Robert Real and Thomas Edmonds
(with the Advice of the reft) repaired unto the Prefldent Richardotfs Lodging,
vvhitlier the Aiidiencer likewife came; and there told them, that we had com-
municated unto the reft of the Commiftioners what their Defyre was, but that
we found their Overture fo unequall, and underftood her Majeftie's Plealure fo
diredtiy in that Point, both by former Inftrudions, and by a Letter receaved
that Morning, that we held yt both needleis and unfit to trouble her Majeftie
wiih any Advertilement ofyt, unlels they would deliver yt^Axhtvclaft Anfwerej
and afttire us that they had not further Commiflion to enlarge themfelves ; in
which Cafe we would not faile (as our Duty was) to relate yt; that her Maje-
ftie might if flie pleafed refolve to revoke us, as we verely thought ftie would.
They laid they would relate unto the reft of their Commiftioners what we had
delivered, and give us a fpeedy Anfwere, and in the mean tyme praied us that we
would ule no Precipitation, promyfing to advife of fome convenient Courfe to ac-
commodate our Difference, and defyring us that we would do the like. And
thus the Matter refted untill Tweufday the 10^'^ of this Moneth, at the which
tyme perceiving they made no haft to give us any Anfwere, we thought good to
fend the Secretarie of me the Ambafador to the Prefident Richardott with this
Meftage; that we had made both generall and particular Overtures for the recon-
ciling the Differences in queftion, whereunto they had promyfed us a Ipeedy
Anfwere, but had yet returned none; that for our part, (as we had before aflur-
ed them) we had enlarged our felves as far as we could, and defyred that they
would do the like, that we might be able to give Ibme account to her Majeftie;
who no dowbt would make fome dowbcfuU Interpretation of thefe Delays on their
part, in a Matter wherein flie had fubmitted her felf to fuch reafon for fo publick
a good, and expected according to their former Profeffion, the like Moderation
and Conformitie from them. His Anfwere was, that we had prevented him, and
that he did intend otherwife to have come that Afrernoone to conferr with fome
of us of that Bufynefs;| and accordingly he came to the Lodging of me the Secre-
taries accompanied with the Audiencer, where they met with us, the Secretary,
Robert Beaky and Thomas Edmonds \ and declared unto us, that they had com-
municated

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 207

municatcd with the rcfl of the Commiiri oners that which pafl bctwccnc us at our yf;/. 1600.
lad Conference, and that they had advifcd of Ibme Means to accommodate the ^^
Point in queftion; but that they could think of no other io fit courfe as that
which had beene formerly propolcd by them. Wherein, thoughc they did ac-
knowledge that there was ibme little Inecjuallitie and Difadvaniagc to us, yet
that they thought wc might well yeaid thereunto, to rccompcnic the Blcmiili we
had given them before by our dired Challenge. But being ftiflie anfwered by us,
(in luch Ibrt as we have heretofore mentioned to the like Motion) and told that
wc marvaillcd that they would thus goe about the Buihe with us, feeing they
knew in the end whereunto wc muft come ; and being urged to come to the point
of Rclblution one way or other, they praied us to have patience for four or
five Days, promyfing to advilc throughly of yr, and defyring us to do the like.
We communicated thele lafl: Speeches with her Majeftic's AmbafTador, and upon
Conference araongfl; us we refolved, that feeing this Proceeding of theirs carri-
ed a Jhe'-jv rather ofDall'iance then ofreallT^ealing, we would urge them to
open themfelves more diredrly unto us; and for that purpofe, that wc Robert
Beak MM^Thomas Edmonds-, Ihould retourne unto thc'Trefident Richardot and
the Audiencer the next Day (being the ii'h of this Moneth,) and fignify unto
them, that we had conferred together of that which they had the Day before de-
livered unto fome of us, and found it very ftrange, that having more then eight
Dayes fince promyfed us an Anfwere within two Dayes to that Offer we made
for the reconcyling of the Poynt that is in difference betweene us, they had ney-
ther gi\'^n us any diredl Anfwere unto our Offer, nor propofed any thing on their
part, but the fame which we had before rejefted; urging us ftiil to make fome
new Propofitions, akhoughe we had protefled that we had enlarged our felves lb
farre forth as we could; which Proceeding of theirs we thought to tend rarher
to amuze us then otherwife, and therefore we defyred them to proceed more fe-
rioufly and really with us, and to let us underftand their dired: Reiolution, whe-
ther they would affent to a courfe of Equallitie in generalL or nay. And yf they
liked not of that particular way which we had propounded, that they would
open fome other way of the fame Nature, and which might be as equall for both
Sydes. And becaufe this was but the fame thing which we had all along requi-
red, and which they have had long tyme to confult, we defyred that they would
give us a prefent Anfwere, or elfe a Reafon why they could not anfwere us ; to
the end that we might give the Queen an Accompt of our Sray here fo long, with
fo little Fruit in the maine Bufynefs, who otherwife could hardly make any good
Interpretation of this kind of Proceeding. Whereunto we received this Aniwere,
That indeed the Offer which they had made was but the fame which they had be-
fore propofed, and that we had reafon to urge a clear Anfwere which they were
forry that they could not fooner give us, but that they would communicate this
Inftance which we had now made unto them ro the reft of the Commiflioners,
and affuredly bring us their Refolution the next Day. Which they performed
accordingly this Evening about fix of the Clock, in the fame place and manner as
at the laft Conference; and tould us, that they had communicated our yefter-
days Inftance unto the reft, who prayed us to have patience for three or lour
Dayes till they might receave Direction from Bru{fells, whether they had writ-
ten about y t and attended an Anfwere ; and excuied themfelves that they had not
fignifyed i^o much unto us before. And becaufe this their Anfwere did irot re- '
ferr for any Direction into Spaine, but only to Bruffells, and for fo 'linall a tyme,
we could not well refiife to admitt of y t.

We have forborne to write all this while unto your Honor, hoping we fhould
have been able to have delivered fome more Certainty unto you ; but finding as
yet they are not refolved of any certein Anfwere, we were not willing to leave
your Honor any longer without knowledge of what we do here, and lb till fur-
ther occafion we humbly take our leave.

Tour Honors humbly to be commanded,

Henry Neville. Joh. Herbert.
Rob. Beale. ° Tho. Edmonds,

The

2o8 the Tranf anions in the BookllL

An. i6oe.

7^1? CommiJJioners at BuUoigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, %o^^ June 1600, O.S.

AFTER the writing of our lafl fent by the Secretarie of me the Ambaflador,
we ftayed untill the four Dayes were expired, expecting an Anfwere from
the other Commiflioners according to their Promife ; and finding that none came,
upon Tweufday the 5* Day we agreed that we Robert Beak and Thomas Ed-
monds fliould repair unto the Prefident Richardot and the Andiencer, and pre-
tend that the Night before at the returne of the PinafTe we receaved Letters,
whereby we perceaved that the Queen's Majeftie was not fatisfyed with the
Lingering and T>elay which hath been ufed\ and confidering the tyme that had
paiTed fince the Offer that we made to accommodate our difference by fo7ne conrfe
of Equallitie, ilie found that they might very well have receaved Diredtion long
fince from Brnjfells about yr, and therefore did not conceave that to be theCaule
of their Delay, but expeded a more clear Anfwere. They anfwered us, that it
grieved them as well as us, that we were fo long kept aflunder. That indeed
they had not fignifyed our laft Refolution to the Archduke at the fyrft, hoping
that we would have enlarged our felves further; but now fynding that we had
gone as farre as we could, they had advertifed yt to xht Archduke., and exped:ed
an Anfwere that Day or the Morrow at the furtheft, which they prayed us to at-
tend patiently. Accordingly the next Day being fVenfday, the faid Prefident Ri-
chardott and xhtAudiencer came to the Lodging of me the Secretarie, where we
Robert Beale and Thomas Edmonds met them, and there declared unto us, that
according as they had promiied us the Day before, they were come to let us know
the Anfwere which they had receaved from the Archduke, which was this : That
foralmuch as the matter did Jtearly concerne the King of Spaine in his Honor,
whereof itbehoved him to be very tender according to the Trull repofed in him,
that therefore for his better Information in yt, he defyred that fome one of the
CommilTioners might repayre unto him, with whom upon Conference he would
take a more full Refolution then he could do by Letters. And faid, that they had
agreed for that purpoleto difpatche xhtAudiencer nextDay unto him, who they
hoped would be retourned within 14 Dayes, and praied us in the mean tyme to
have patience, and not to think the tyme long that is imployed to fo good an
end.

We tould them, that we conceaved that Anfwere would no way be well inter-
preted by herMajeftie, and that we thought yt was only intended for a Delay
to give them tyme to hear out of Spaine; wherein we praied them to fatisfye us
clearly, that we might give her Majeftie fome probable Reafon of thefe Delays.
The Prefident Richardott protefted that there was no fuch matter, and that yt
was only to give the Archduke the better means to refolve. We tould him, that
we would conferr with her Tylajeflie's AmbalTador, and thereupon deliver him
pur further Anfwere. And accordingly that Evening having conferred among
our felves, y t was agreed, That we Robert Beale and Thomas Edmonds iliould
retourne the next Day being Thurfday unto the Prefident Richardott and the
Audiencer with this MefTage ; that we had communicated their Anfwere to her
Majeflie's Ambaflador touching their Relolution for the fending of xhtAudiencer
to Brujfells^ and that upon Confideration thereof among our felves, we could not
but finde it very ilraunge, having fo long promifed that we fliould receave a refb-
lute Anfwere from them; inftead of an Anfwere, they fliould only propofe new
Delays, for iJo we think it muft needs be interpreted, confidering that they might
as welJ have certify ed and fatisfyed the Archduke by their Letters as by Speeche,
of all Particulars which concerned this Queftion between us. Which Proceeding
of theirs weTeared might renew the Meinorie of former Dealings with her Maje-
flie in the like kind, and give her juftCaufe to revive her Diffidences ; and that
we had reafon to dowbt by the laft Letters which we received, that this fo un-
.; " . fulpeded

Book III. Treaty ^/Bulloigne. 209

fufpcdicd and long Delay of theirs, in a macrcr wherein her^Tajcftie feckcrh no Ad- yln. xCoo.
Vantage over them, bur only to avoyd Prejudice to lier Iclf, may happhc give an
cvill Taflc of their Intention, and produce a Determination in her to revoke us
prefently ; which we thought good to fignify unto them before hand, to the end
that yf any (iich Inconveniencie ihould follow of yt, we might be cxcufed having
forwarned them. They anfwcred us, that we had rcafbn to be jallowlc of their
Proceedings fo long as wc fl:and in thefe termes of Difference with them as we
do, but proteftcd that they knew no other Caufe orDefTeign of this Delay but
only to iatisfie the Archduke s Commandment, which they mufl: obey as wc muft
do in the like cafe; and therefore praied us, that wc would conceive and report
the bed of y t to her Majeftie, to the end that fo good a Work might not be in-
terrupted for a few Days refpite, which could be no great Prejudice to cyther
Party. This being as much as paflcd fince our Difpatche, we thought fit to ad-
vertife your Honor of yt with fpecd, and thereupon to attend her Majeftie's
further Plcafiirc.

And forafmuch as they having taken fo long a tyme to anfwere us, we can-
riot look to enter into any Bulynefs untill the retourne of the Aiidiencer; and to
the end that we may be fully prepared to proceed in the Bufyneis at his retourne •
we have rcquyred Mr. Edmonds to go over to informe your Honor of fome
bowbts which we think will occurre at the fyrfl: Entrance into the Treatie, ac-
cording to a Memoriall which we have delivered hiiri, wherein we defyre to re-
ceive her Majeftie's Refolutioii. And fo we humbly take our leaves.

ttom Bnlloigne. Tour Honors humhly to he commanded.

Hen. Neville. Joh. Herbert.
Rob. Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

A Memortall fent over by Mr. Edmonds to her Majeji'ie of certame
Points zvh'er'em we defifed her Refolution.

TO know whether if the Spanijh Coiiimiffioners purpofe any other way of TouMng the
Eqiialitie for our Meeting then is prefcribed by our Inllrudions, we lliall /"'«' "/ frt-
not accept thereof. ^^'"'"•

Whether yt Ihall be made perpetuall, ot but during the Lives ojf the Princes Touching the
Contrad:antSj or to be continued by the Sisnification of the SuccelTor to the Sur- '^'"''"''f"'^

. . , _, n rtt oj the Amttii,

vivours, as m the Treaty or Bloys.

Whether we fliall conclude the matter of Inter courfe In this Colloqiiie, or re- Touching the.
fet yt to a fpeciaWDyett to be holden in a certaine Tyme, and what Tyme and i»'ircourfe
Place we lliall affign for it. ^"^f^^""" •

In the mean tyme before that T^yett be concluded, whether the Trade Ihall be
reftored and continued in the lame Termes, as yt was in ufe and excercife in the
Yeare i5'68.

Whether yt be not good to add fuch an Article in this Treaty as the 3 if't of the
Treaty of Bloys is.

Whether their Lordlhips would like that we fliould infert an Article that no Em-
bargo of Shipps be made, though with pretext of Service, without the Confent
of the Prince of whofe Countrie they are.

What Number of Shipps of Warre fhall be permitted to have accefs into our
Harbours.

Whether we Ihall alTent that her Majeflie^s Subjeds Ihall i^ directly barred by Touching the
this Treaty from trading into fuch places oi xht Indies as are poflefled by the in^i/s.'"^ *
Spaniards and Vortugalls; or rather implicit^ in Ibme fuch fort as this, that
they may trade freely into any parts not pojfejfed by the Spaniards ; and that in
their Paflage to and fro, if they be forced by Tempeft or Leakeage, or by Necei^
fity or any Want, to put into any Port holden by them, they ihall be permitted
to do yt and fliall be courteoufly entreated, {o as they exceed not a certaine Num-

Hhh ber.

Tc wnes.

2 1 o The TranfaBions in the Book III.

Au. i(5oo. ber, and ftay not there above certaine Dayes ; and yf this cannot be obtained,

s_-^'~V'"N_/ then whether it were not befl: to leave this Point clean untouched, (as Fraiice

did in the Treaty of Vervin and that of CambreJJls) and leave thofe that will

adventure thither to their private Fortune, rather then to give fuch a Trejidejtt

agaiujl us for all Ages.

De Rebelli- Whether yt Ihall be, as in the Treaties of Burgundy^ that they are to be ex-

^" ntiwecv /^^^^^ ^'^^^ tf^/'^TJ- Country upon Signification, or elle that they iliall be rendred

piendis. as in the ancient Treaties with France, or clean left out as in the Treaty of

Bloys and that of Vervin ; and whether we iliall make any particular Inftance

for the banilliing of the Seminaries and Jefmts that be in Spayne and the Low-

Countrles.

caurimary To knowc whdt difiancc fliall be limitted about Flujhing and the Bryll, and

the Forts belonging to them ; within the which the Spanijh Forces coming, it

fliall be lawfuU for the Garrifons to repell them and to ufe HoftilUtie, without

Breache of Amitie.

To know their Lordfliipps Plealure how we fliall fatisfye the CommifTioners
touching the ejiablljhing of the Trade of our Nat mi in their TroviticeSi confi-
dering the Impeachment the States are like to give unto the fame.

Touching the Revocation of the Englljh Forces in the States Service that yf
they will not be latisfyed with the Anfwere which we are directed to make by
the InJiru£iionsy what her Majeftie's Pleafure is that we fliall finally aflent unto.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to the Comm'ijfioners for the Treaty at Bulloigne.

BEcaule the coming over of Mr. Edmonds is fb well taken and allowed of, as
it will content you to fee your Endeavours approved, I do think yt not a-
mils to accompany this Bearer with the Advertifement of the fame; there being
no one thing better accepted then this, that you have in a manner feemed to fend
him, leaft the Queene fliould have revoked all of you ; whereby the Commiflio-
ners of Spaifie tacitely feem to think you have done their Caufe a Favour. Her
Majeftie will within four or five Dayes dilpatch him, and then you fliall under-
ftand by him what her Majefl:ie refblveth upon your Memorialls \ before which
tyme I will add only this, That he whom you have fent hath done you all luche
Right, as her Majefl:ie hath commanded me to let you all know, that in all your
^Proceedings hitherto , you have very well anfduered her Majeftie's full Ex~
JpeBatlon.

The refl: I leave to the Relation of this Bearer, who can tell you how our Bu-
fynefTcs here are handled. And fo I end

Tour very affediionate Friend,

RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to the Commijfioners for the Treaty at Bulloigne.

2,7* June 1600.

AF T E R my hearty Commendations. Althoughe the Streame hath wholly-
bent yt felf againft us in Ireland, to the infinite Greif and Charge of her
Majeftie, yet we are now in hope to turn the Tyde another way ; whereof be-
caufe we know that none will be more glad to hear then you, I have thought
good to give you notice of that which I have received.

Fyrjt, Our Garrifon at Loughfoyle doth very much profper, and dayly fpoyl-
eth the Rebells Creatures and Followers, and draweth to yt divers Lords of Coun-
tries j whereby the Traitors are continually weakened ^ and now out of Mim-

fier.

Book III. Treaty of Biilloigne. 211

Jiery which is her Majcflic's bcfl and grcaccfl Province, yt hath pleafcd God to An. 1600.
give the Trefident good Sticcefs^ for he hath taken many Caftles, and divers prin- ~
cipall Men are come into him, amongfl: the which one of the vaHantefl; Men of
that Province is become a good Subjedt, I mean the White Knight who hath iiib-
mitted himlclf and rcceaved her Majcftic's Pardon.

Secondly^ Which is one of the greatefl Fortunes that could have happened there
to the Qiiecne, xhc piinci^all Rebell the Earle ^y"Defmonde, by a tlott laid is
taken Trifd?icr., of which the l/Tue cannot be other then moft honorable.

From 'T)ublm we have alfo hard, that the Earle of Ormond is now dehvcred
and at Kilkenny-, and being Tick hath written to my LordlDeputy to take the
pains to come and I'peake with him, having matter of great Importance for her
Majejlie's Service-^ of which his Overture we cannot but hope for great 'good,
becaufe ''^e know he is wife. Thefe Things being matters to increafe her Ma-
jcfties Reputation which isfloaken in the Worlds I think you ihall do very well
to give out to her Majeflie's Advantage am6ng the Spa^iiards, who are apt to
report all things in the contrary Senfe. And when they Ihall peradventure un-
derfiand that the Rebellion in that Kingdom will not long laji^ they will not be
fo lofty in their Conditions. And thus for this tyme I committ you to God.

From the Court at Tour affiired loving Friend,

Greenwich, ^c. RO. CECYLL.

I hope you flrall have better Fortune then the Commiflioners for Embden, for
they are retourned without any Conference.

An Anfwere to the Menionall prefented to the Lords of the Coiinfail
hy Mr. 'EdvcLonAs froni the ComrmJJioners at Bulloigne.

■^o^ June 1600.

IF any other way of Equallitie for your meeting be offred you, which in your rouchhs the
Difcretions you fliall conceive may not prejudice her Majeftie's Honor, you ^,"/^l[f ^'^^'
may accept thereof, and fliall not need to tye your felves to that only Forme
which is prefcribed to you in yoUr Inftrudtions.

We think it beftj that the Teace be rather made perpetually then to leave ix. Touching the
to a neceffity of renewing. ^nhTAmitie

Becaufe the Matters and Queftions of the Intercourfe cannot now be fo fbon "j-^'J/^^J^'IH'
determyned in this Colloquy, but will require a longer tyme for the debating intercourfe
and clearing of them; you fliall therefore referr them to a fpeciaWDyett to be ^micom-
holden for that purpofe with as much Ipeed as you fliall think fitt to accord unto : *"""'
And for the Tlace, to hold yt here in England.

In the mean Seafbn you may covenant to reftore the Trade to the fameTermes
as it was in exercife in the Yeare I5'68. And it fliall be inquired, what Altera-
tions have fmce fallen out, to give you Information what things may prefently
be reduced to AfTurance, and what Points are meet to be referred to ihtiyyett.

We do very well like that yoii do procure fuch an Article to be inferred, as
the 31"^ in the Treatie of .S/wj.

We think yt alfo very convenient, that yf yt may be, it be fl:ipulated that no
Embargo of Ships be made for any Services, without the Confent of the Prince
of whofe Countrye they are.

In refpedt of the great Breach which hath bin between her Majefl:ie and the
States of thofe Princes, whereby all Jealoufies cannot be foone removed upon a
Reconciliation ; her Majeflie cannot in due Providence aflent to permitt as yet
for a certaine time, any number of their great Shipps of Warre coming out of
Spayne to enter into her Harbours. For howfoever they may pretend a purpofe
to employ the faid Shipps againft thofe of Holland and Zeland, yet that the

haunting

merce.

2 i 2 The Tranfaclions in the Book IlL

Jn. 1600. haunting of her Ports under fuch Collour, cannot but rather give great Caufe of
^..y-^r^^ Sufpicion unto her Majeftie, for that yt is well knovven, that the Archduke is
not pofTeffed of any Ports fitt to receive and lodge great Shipps for any fuch
Defieign againft thcle oi Holland^ but rather fhe may have caufe to doubt, that
they may be deftined for fome Enterprize againft fome part of her own Domi-
nions.
rouMng the We like, that for the Liberty of the Trade to the Indies you proceed in fuch
I'ndies." ' ' manner as is advifed by you, or if you cannot pojjlbly draiiue them to confent to
any Toleration of Trade., that at the leaf you inonld yeeld to no ^Prejudice of
the ReftriBion in that behalf, but to pafs that Point over, as France hath done
in their late Treaties with them.
De Pebeiii- In the flate as things do now fland, we do not think yt fitt to inforce the point
bus & Profu- Q^f'^fidring or expelling Rebells or Fugitives of eyther Jyde, but to leave it un-
pien'dls! ipokcu of, as in the late Treaty of Vervyn.

Cautionary For that it wiU bc very hard to prelcribe any certaine Courfe for retraining
Townes. their Forces from approaching within a diflance neere to the Cautionary Townes,
fo as may both warrant the Safety of thole PJaces from threatned Danaer, and
alfo bear probable CoUours of Acceptance With them, we think it fitt that you do
not urge any further Refolution thereupon ; but may fatisfy them, that the faid
Garrifons fliall not be ufed in any other Imployment againft them, then only
fof the neceflary Confervation of thofe Places, and the Forts belonging to them.
You may tell the other Commiftioners, that her Majeftie hath a di'red: Intent to
have her Subjefts to trade into the Ports and Provinces which are poflefTed by the
Archduke ; and if thofe oi Holland fliall ieeke to interrupt them therein, that flie
will be very fenfibie thereof. Her Majeftie hath no reafon to yeeld to the re-
voking of her Forces ferving the States, if it may in any fort be avoy ded ; and
therefore would have this with the other Points to be as much infifted and ftood
upon as may be, and when you have tryed how far forth you can prevaile with
them, you fliall receave knowledge of her further Pleafure therein.

. Tho. Egerton, C.S.

. Tho. BucKHURST. Nottingham. G. Hunsdon.

W. Knollys. Ro. Cecyll. J. Fortescue.

The Comm'tJJloners for the Treaty at Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ 6* July 1600. O. S.

IT may pleafe you to underftand that I Thomas Edmonds arrived here on Fry-
day Morning the 4* hereof; and having imparted unto the reft her Majefties
Pleafure in fuch fort as I was diredted, it was agreed that I ftiould go the next
Day unto the Prefident Richardott, with this MefTage; That according to the
Refolution of us all (wherewith I acquainted him) for my Repaire into Englandy
I had done the beft Office which I had bin able to fatisfy her Majeftie touching
the long Delays which have been ufed on their part for not anfwering the Pro-
pofition which we made them, for our Meeting in fome courfe of Equallitie; And
laftly, touching the further Delay grown by fending the Audiencer to Bruffels.
Which though it were a kind of Proceeding that could no way content her Maje-
ftie, yet notwithftanding being informed by me of the vehement Proteftations
they had made of fincere Dealing, flie was content to yeeld that we fliould attend
the Return of the faid Audiencer. But withall Ihe willed us to let them knowe,
that flie had great Reafon to renew her former T>ifrufls and Jealoujies, not on-
ly in refped of thefe Delays, but alfo upon Advertifements which flie hath re-
ceaved, both of Supplies of Munition and Prefents fent unto her Rebells in Ire-
land, of Negotiations begonne with them and T ledges receaved thereupon^ and
of Tromife of Succours of Men to be fent thither" in Auguft next\ whereof,

thoughe

Book HI. Treaty of Bulloigne, g i ^

rhouglic flic make no great Accompt for any harm chat it can do her, yet that y^h. t6oo.
Ihc cannot but be Icnfiblc of fnch Proceedings, arguing lb little Sinceririe on
their Part, and differing lb much from that v, hich was promifed her by the
• Archduke^ before her entring into the Treaty. And therclbrc fiic had exprellly
commaunded us to dcfire them to flgnifyc thus much unto the Archduke, and to
let him know, that if this Courlc of Proceeding be continued, '^\^ iliall have
little caulc to looke for any good yfTuc of this Bulynels, nezv 'Provocations not
being the ijuay to reconcile former Vnkindnejfes, but rather to exafprate and
fet them further a fnnder . And therefore that ihe did defire to know from the
Archduke himfelf how he would latisfy her in this Point, confidering the Pro-
mile which he had made oi Jincere Troccediug, whereupon fne had {o much re-
Jyed.

He made Anfwere touching the Delay, that he cbuld fay no more theil what
he had formerly allured, namely chat there was no other Caufe of it then the
Difficultic of the Trefeance which was in queftion between us. And for the
other Point, touching the lending into Ireland^ cycher paft or to corne, that
neyther he nor any other of the Commiflloners uiiderflood any thing thereof,
and prefume that yf it had been true they iliould have knowen it ; but contrary
wife he charged ns that her Majeflic doth fend to the Seas and to the Indies at
this Inftanr, and likewife feiid Succours to the Rebells-^ 'Which he faid was not
the Way to make Teace. .

Whereupon I replyed, that to my Knowledge there were rio late Forces gone
out of England into the Low Countries ; but howlbever, that that which her
Majeftie Ihould do in that kind and the other were no Innovation, but a Conti-
nuance of Matters in the fame State as they were before the Treatie began ;
•whereas this ABion of theirs was altogether a new Provocation, and fuch as
was not fitt to be offered during the T)ependance of a Treatie. But in the end,
being urged by me, he promifed that they would acquaint the Archduke with it,
iand returne his Anfwere as foon as thfey could receave it. And as touching Ver-
reykhis coming, he told me that they expeded him dayly, and that thefe Acci-
dents which have happened, have been the Caule that have fo long deferred his

commg

Touching the Proceeding 6f the States Army before Newport, this is all that
■tve do here tinderftand. That the Count Maurice is ftrongly intrenched roiand
about the Towne, and hath made his Approaches very neere ; that he hath land-
ed his Cannon, and intendeth to begin his Batterie as to Morrow ; that he is re-
folved to abide it out, and doth not fear to be removed by the Archduke, although
he maketh a Head of loooo Men at Bruges and expedeth dayly more, with a
Determination as is given out, to raife the Siege. La Berlotte is entered the
Towne with looo Men, and on the other Side it is faid that there is a Renforce
come to the Count Maurice of 3000 Foot and Horfe from the Count Ho Hock,
and that himfelf is expeded with more fliortly. This We underltood by Souldiers
that pretend they came from the States Aritiie yefteirday Morning, and fo we
humbly take our leave.

Tour Honors humbly to be Commanded,

Henry Neville. Joh. Herbert.
Rob. Beale. Tho. Edmonds^

The CommtJJioners for the Treat<y of Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honor abki ii* July 1^00. O. S.

IT may pleafe you to underftarid, that firice our laft of the fixth hereof, we
have not any way proceeded further in our Bufynefs, by reafon that the Au~
diencer is not yet retourned ; but in this meane Tyme the Prefident came to the
Lodging of me the Secretary and Thomas Edmonds ; and declared, that whereas '

I i X I Tho^

2 1 4 The Tranfaclions in the Book III

yf«. 1600. 1 Thomas Edmonds at my late being with him had fignifyed the Occafion they
gave her Majeftie to complaine Of want of fmcere proceeding on their Part, for
that conrrarie to the AfTurances given of dired Dealing in this Treaty, they did
notwithftanding miniftcr Aid to our Retells In Ireland, and had further ajftired
them to fend Forces to their Succour in Auguft next ; whereof he faid he had gi-
ven Knowledge to the Archduke and did attend his Anfwere thereupon : That by
Letters which they had newly receaved from the Archduke they were Hkewiie
willed to make a Complaint unto us upon the fame ground, that where her Ma-
jeftie had fliewed to be willing not only to embrace a Peace herfelf, but alfo to in-
terpofe herfelffor the reducing of thofe of Holland and Zeland, that the Arch-
duke finding notvvithftanding that her Majeftie doth at this tyme relieve the faid
Rebells with new Troups, and with Supplies both of Munition and Vidualls,
could not make good Interpretation of fuch Proceedings and therefore defires to
knowe how he is to attend that herMajeflie will deale with him: And he fliewed
us the Archduke' s Letter written to them to that efFedt. We made him Anfwere,
that for our Parts we knew not that her Majeflie had as yet taken any fuch Refo-
lution, though they had given her juft Provocation by their Proceeding in Ire-
land, which could not bear Juftification, being a new Beginning of Hoflillity ;
where that whereof they accufe her Majeflie, is but only to maintaine the former
Courfe of her Adions. And befides, that the Difference that is to be made be-
tween the State of thofe tf/' Holland and Zealand and the Rebells in Ireland,
did bear no Comparifon. He alleadged there was no fuch 'Difference in the
Example as we pretended^ but howfoever, that all Exafperations would be a-
voyded during the depending of the Treaty. We anfwered him, that it w^ould
be impoffible to fettle any Confidence and Securitie between us until! the Peace
iliould be afTured, and that we would advife among our felves to make him fur-
ther Anfvvere. And accordingly upon Conference had, refolved that I Thomas
Edmonds Ihould the next Day retourne to the Prefident Richardott with this
Anfwere ; that we had conferred of that Complaint which he had deHvered the
i)ay before out of the Archduke's Letters ; and although we conceaved that there
Vvas fuiHcient Anfwere made by fuch of us with whom he conferred at that tyme ;
yet for their further Satisfad:ion, we thought good to renew the Troteftation
from us all, that we knew not of any fuch thing done, or purpofed to be done by
her Majeflie as the Archduke complained of : But withall, that we could not
tsut let them know likewife, that if her Majeflie, upon thofe new Trovocations
begonne by them in Ireland, floould refolve to take any fuch Courfe, it would be
very juflify able in her, feeing they had fyrfl begonne with her ; and confidering
alfo, that it was no Innovation in her but only a Continuance of the Affiflance
which file hath heretofore openly profeffed, and had no Reafon to intermitt untill
there be a Peace concluded: And yet that they could not take any jufl Pretext
thereby to give Affiflance to her Majeflies Rebells in Ireland; for althoughc
there were no Incongruity, to keep all Matters in the Termes they were in before,
during a Treaty of Peace ; yet it was no way allowable to begin new Quarreils
and Provocations, whiles the Treaty depends.

But for the final! cutting off and flopping of all thefe Jealoufics which might
otherwile arife, we wiflied that the Treaty might be accellerated, and for that
purpofe that her Majeflie might certainely know within what time the Audiencer
Would be returned ; whofe flay fo long beyond his appointed tioie, joyned with
thofe Delayes which we thought to be cauflefs, muft needs breed doubtful! Inter-
pretations : And alfo that fhe might receave fbme Satisfadiion from the Archduke
in thofe Points which we had lately fignifyed, to the end that flie might refolve
what Courfe was fit for her to hold. In the mean time that we would likewife
make known the Complaint which had been delivered to us by him, in the Be-
half of the Archduke. He anfwered me, that he would be glad the Archduke
fliould be deceaved in the Information which he had receaved ; and that he faw
no reafon to va^^ke fuch T>iftin6iion in the Cafe of Rebells, which in effedl was
but the fame. And touching the Return of the Audiencer i that they did dayJy

exped:

Book 111. Treaty ^/BuUoigne. 21$

cxpcdl his coming, and had written to haftcn him ; and prayed me to be fatisfyed An. 1600.
with their rcittcratcd vehement Protedatious, that they have no meaning to de-
lay and abufc us upon any pradlice or dellignc, but only to attend Dircdlion about
the Didetcncc in qucdioa between us, which they were lorry they could no
fooncr procure; being no lefTc grieved and troubled then we, to remaync fo long
tymc unprofitable here. He laid he would forthwith flgnifie our Anlvvere to the
Archduke., and promifed that we fliould alfb Hiortly rcccavc his to our Complaint.
He acquainted me with the News they had rcceaved of the retiring of the Count
Maurice from Newport, for the which he pretended to be very lorry, for that
they did aflurc themfelves, they fiiall certainly have ruined his Armyc if he had
longer flayed in thoie Parts. And lo being lorry that we live here lb ydly, and
arc no further advanced in our Bufynels, we mod humbly take our leaves.

Tour Honor's humbly to be commaunded,

Henry Neville. John Herbert.
Ro. Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to the Comm'ijfioners for the Treaty of Bulloigne.

14 July 1600.

AFTER my very hearty Commendations. I have acquainted her Majeftie
wixh your Dilpatch of the ix'^'^ of July, whereby it appeareth that as yet
the Archduke hath not returned his Refolution ; a matter which plainly difco-
vereth that there is a "Dependancy of an Anfwere fr^om Spaine. And where it
appeareth that the Archduke chargeth the Queene with relieving of the Hollan-
ders with Munition and Vidtuall, you may do well to take occafion to make Ibme
round Anfwere in that point. For fyril: I do affirme it to be true, that there
hath not a Graine of Corn or Powder or any manner of Vidtuall been lent from
hence, which would be fomewhat roundly inverted tipon them, feeing we have
Truth on our Side: And yet becaufe peradventure they may hear hereafter that
fome voluntaries do dayly go over, this deny all of ours would be uled in fuch forme
as heretofore you have done ; which is to maintaine the Argument fill, how
juji it were, though it had been otherwife. I have little more therefore at this
rime to trouble you withall, only I think good to preoccupate with you another
Circumltance if they hear it, which is the going over of my Lord of Northum-
berland and my Lord of Rutland, and now my Lord Cobham and Sir Walter
Raleigh. Of whom if they Ipeake (but not otherwife) you may ufe this Argu-
ment, That they have no Charge, nor carried either Horfe or Man, but fome
half a dozen of their owne ; but finding the ^leen is fo refolved to have'Peace
(if good Conditions could be had,) they obtained leave with importunitie to fee
this one A6iion, before they Jhould become defperate of feeing any more of that
kynde in her Majeftie' s Tyme, which God long continue.

For the Ordinance, I do proteft unto you, that the Queen fent none ; but if
there were, then liirely they are fold by the Patentees, in which point my Lord
Amba^ador can give Satisfa(Slion that it is for her Majeflies Commoditie, and
thus I end

Your ajfured loving Friend

RO. cecyll:

Since the Writing of this Letter the Lord Cobham and Sir Walter Raleigh are
comej fo as that Matter will be quickly anfwered.

Th

m

21 6 The TraiiJaSlions in the Book III.

Jln. 1600. .

The CommiJJloners for the Treat'y ^/Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary 'CecY'll:.

16'-^ Jul)' 1600. O. S.
% M AY it pleafe your Honor to underftand, that on Monday the 8'^ of this
lVA pre^e^t? the Prefident Rk'hardott came to the Lodging of me the Secre-
tary., and had there Conference with us the Secretary and 1 homas Edmonds., and
fignifyed to us, that he came to acquaint us with the Letters which they had new-
ly received from the Archduke; wherein fyrft he anfwered to the Complaint
which we fignifyed in our lafl that I Thomas Edmonds had made touching the
late Reh'efs lent, and of further Succours prbmifed to be fent to the Rebells in
Ireland by the King of Spaine ; that on his Honor he knew not any fuch thiiig,
nether could beleeve it, for that he was not advertifed thereof, as he affureth him-
felf that he fliould have been, if there had been any fuch Projed: in hand. We
allured the Trejident that it was a true Information that was delivered, but how-
foever that her Majellie in her Opinion of the Archduke's Sinceritie, did in her
own Mind ever clear him from being privie to that Proceeding, and perfwaded
herfelf that the fame grew rather from others TaJJion. He protefted, that the
Archduke was moil carefull to give her Majeftie Satisfaction of direct and fmcete
Dealing of his Part.

Secondly i he acknowledged that the Archduke receaved great Contentment in
the Anfwere which we had made touching his Complaint of late Reliefs fuppofed
to be fent to thofe of Holland and Zealand.^ whereof we gave Advertilement
likewife in our lafl; ; albeit he confefled, that if her Majeftie had done any luch
thing, ilie could not be accufed to have done more then in reafon flie might well
jultify, but that yt was very good refpeSl to avoyde all new Exafperations at
this time. And although the Archduke believed it to be true as we aiRrmed,
that her Majeftie had not as yet fent any Reliefs to thofe of Holland., yet not-
withftanding that thofe of Dunkirk had lately taken x:o\Yt Englijh Shipps pafllng
into the Lowe Countreyes, the one laden with Iron Ordonartce, aiad the other
with Jinall Armes. We aiTured him that if there w^ere any fuch thing, that the
fame pafTed only by way of Merchandife, and was the ACt of particular Men for
their private Gaine.

Laftly., upon further Occafion miniftred of Ipeaking of thofe of Holland, he
prayed us to give him leave to communicate with us a private Conceit of his owne,
wherewith he protefted the Archduke was not acquainted, nor that he had ib
much as imparted it to the other Commiffioners ; defyring only that we would
confider thereof, and not to fpeake further of it then as we fliould judge it might
profit or not. He faid, becaufe that in all Appearance there can be no entire
Peace between her Majeftie and their State until! Holland and Zealand Jhall be
alfb reducedy by reafon of the Liberty which we will referve to our felves to
Trade with thole Provinces, and alfo to favour their Trade otherwife in what we
may ; That therefore the only way to ajfure perfeEtly the Amitie, would be to
feek to bring them alfo to a Teace ; for the which there was at pre fent a good
Occafion offered., in refpeEi that the States of the united Trovinces have now
yeelded to treat e with the 'Deputies fent from the other States of their Tro-
vinces, and have lent them a Paflport bearing date the 17* of this Moneth ac-
cording to their Computation, and appointed Bergen-of-zome for the Conference ;
where they do promife to fend Ibme of their Nomber to meet with them. Where-
in he wiflied that her Majeftie would alio joyne, and interpofe her good Mediati-
on either to draw thofe ol Holland and Zealand to come to treat here, or other-
wife to remove this Treaty into Holland, to be there joyntly negotiated with
theirs. And faid, that in that Tlace they would be contented to yeeld us the
Precedency which is now fo much in Queftion between us, pretending alfo that
it would be no lefs good for the Surety of the States, to treate under the AfTu-
Jrance and Stipulation of her Majefties Countenance and Favouj,

We

Book III. Treaty of BuUoignc, 21-^

We told him, that as we had already witncHcd her wiliingiicfs to doc all good ^«. i6oq^
Offices to drawc that People to hearken to Peace, lb they might affurc themfclves,
file would be as ready in all good occafions to renew and prolccutc that Perfwa-
fion; but that there was no reafon to llilpcnd and rcfpitt the prefent Treaty to
any fuch Expectation of the others treating. And therefore howfoevcr he pre-
tended to have a good Meaning therein, that we doubrcd her Majeftic would
make a very til Interpretation., that fuch a jVIotioii ihould now be made untd
her after (b long and unneceffary Delays as have already been ufcd. And we
praied him rather to {atisfie us when the Audiencer would be returned, A\'hofe fo
long flay beyond his appointed time could not but brecde great Caufe of Miflike
unto her Majeftie. And therefore we praied him, that her Majeftic might be di-
redtly refolved how they meant to proceed with her ; and whether they held that
they could not treat alone with her Majcftie, unlefs thofe o'i Holland and Zeland
were alfo comprized. He protefted that they did howcr.'y exped the Return of
the Aitdienccr, and that tliey had receaved Letters from him with that Difpatch
of the Archdukes, by the which he doth afliire them to be prefently with them:
And that that which he propofed only out of his private Conceit, had no end tb
delay the Treaty or to break the Refolution thereof as we would doubt. And he
prayed, that if his Motion were difagreeable to us, that it might not be further
fpoken of if we thought it fo fit. And hereupon we forbare to make other An-
iwere untill we had advifed among our felves. Afterwards, having conferred with
the reft of our Colleagues about this matter, we the faid Secretary and Thomas
Edmonds returned this Day by common Advice to the Prefident Richardott with
this Anfwere ; That we had advifed of that private Motion which he had the
Day before made unto us two ; wherein although we found in our private Judg-
ment no Caufe of Approbation, and might therefore (both by the Liberty him-
felf left us when he propofed it, and alio becaufe it came privately from himfelf
without avowej have forborne to have communicated it any further; yet tb
fliewe what regard we bare unto any thing that came from him, whole Wifdome
and Judgment we did very much Reverence, we had refolved to impart it unto
the Qiieen's Ambaflador and other fellow Commiffioners ; and upon due Confi-
deration had amongft us of the Matter propofed, we had thought good to let
him knowe, that we did not doubt, but her Majeftie as llie had laboured hereto-
fore to difpofe thofe of the "Vnited 'Provinces to enter into this Treaty with
her for the Quiet and Benefit of Chrijiendome, fo Ihe would continue to lay hold
of any Motion or Inclination that flie Ihould difcover in them towards it. But
having been (upon their refufall to enter into a joynt Treaty) invited by the
Archduke (as himfelf knoweth) to treate fingly, which flie had accepted of,
and fent us hither for that purpofe with Power and Inftrudions framed accord-
ingly, where we had now remayned above two Moneths yaly and unprofitably,
upon pretence of lack of Power in them to refolve a Matter which they muft:
needsforefee, andweretolddiredlybefore, would come in queftionat thevery firft,
which in true reafon could not bear any Juftification ; now againe to urge the Queene
(before there were any Progrefs, or fo muchas an entry made into this prefent Treaty)
to renew her Labour to bring in thofe of the United Trovinces into a joyntTreaty^
and upon that uncertainty to intermitt this that we have prefently in hand ; we tooke it
to be very unreafonable and prepofterous, and ^o far from any likely hood to draw from
her Majeftie the good Office they dejire at her Hands, that we held it rather likely
to diftafle her Majeftie wholly, and to fill her full of Jealoufy, that there hath
been no Sinceritie intended by them in this Adion from the beginning. And
therefore that for our parts, (being lothe to be Inftruments of any thing that
might breede hindrance to fo good a Worke, and fearing her Majeftie might make
a very hard Conftrudion of luch a Motion in the Termes wherein matters now
ftand,) we had nether the Boldnefs nor the Will to move any fuch thing unto
her at this time. But if it pleafed them to enter into the Treaty for which we
were come, as Matters ihould grow to fome Ripenefs and Forwardnefs between
us, it would be both fitter to be moved and more likely to be hearkened untd,

Kkk both

2 1 8 The Tranf actions in the Book III.

An. 1600. both by her M^}t^\candby them to whom /he mtifi ufe her Terfwafwn: Unto
whom there could be no ftronger Motive to induce them to treate, then her Ex-
ample of treating, and likelyhood of concluding. And in this fort and to this
efJed, we did all willingly offer our bed Endeavours when the tyme ferved. la
the mean time, becaufe we were not fure of prevailing though her Majeftie pref-
fed them never fo earneftly, and it might perhaps require a longer tyme then the
dependance of this Treaty, to weede out of their Minds thofe long and deepe
rooted Diffidences which they had conceived, whereunto their reall and fincere
Proceeding with us would be a very good Preparative ; we prayed him, as we
^fAt p lamely and direBly with him, that he would do the like with us, and ex-
plaine unto us fome Speeches which he had lately ufed, whereby be feemed to
itttymate, that unlefs the United Trovinces might be drawen into the Treaty.,
there could be noTeace concluded between the ^leene our Miftrefs and his Ma-
fier. Which if it were his Mailer's Refolution, he had wronged her Majeftie to
invite her to a fmgle Treaty, having no meaning to proceede in it; and it would
be more Honor for him to deale plainely and breake off the Treaty betimes,
then to continue the Wrong any longer.

The Prefident Richardott made us anfwere, that he thanked \xs for dealing fo
flainely and freely with him-, and he prayed us fith we judged that his Motion
(which he protefted proceeded only from his private Conceit) would be fo ill in-
terpreted by her Majeftie, that we would not further fpeake thereof, for that he
would be very lothe that any doubtfull Colle6fion ihould be made of any thing
that ihould proceede from him, which he vowed imported no ill Defleign, ether
to delay the Treaty, or abufe us in the Sincerity thereof And touching our De-
llre to be clearly fatisfyed upon the occafion of former Speeches, whether yt
Was meant by them to proceede ferioufly in the Treaty with her Majeftie's {t%
howlbever thole of Holland and Zeland fliould be conformable or not ; he pro-
tefted moft vehemently. That albeit it was true, that they greatly defired by the
^ower of her Majeftie's Mediation and good Example^ to drawe thofe <?/" Hol-
land and Zealand to a Teace alfoe; yet that nevertheleft, if the fame could not
be effed:ed, that they did directly intend to treate and conclude a Peace feve-
rally with her Majeftie, if polhbly they might. And as in particular Affedtion,
he protefted to defire moft earneftly the llicceeding thereof, fo he knew he fliould
returne very unwellcome into his Country if it fhould not be brought to a Con-
clufion. And that where peradventure we might fufped: that they Ibught to a-
muze us, in expe<Sl:ation of the IlTue of the Hollanders treating, he protefted that
he had not that or any other indired: DefTeign ; conceaving for his part that no
good Fruit would growe of this Treaty with them oi Holland., for that hejudg-/
ed them as yet to be too ftijfmynded., and that it was only her Majeftie's Au-
thority which muft fway moft with them.

We anfwered him, that as her Majeftie would be ever ready to do him all good
Offices therein, fo that they ought to engage her thereunto by good dealing to
breede a good AfTurance in her, and confequently by her Example, in thofe'of
Holland and Zealand. Whereas their late manner of proceeding with us, inftede
of fliapeing to a Reconciliation (for the which we were there mett) did rather
more and more minifter Caufe of augmenting greater Jealoufies to lett us further
afTunder. He prayed us moft earneftly that we would remove all unneceflary
Jealoufies, and to befeeche her Majeftie to be fatisfyed with their diredt Prote-
ftations, and alfo to excufe the long Abfenceof the Audiencer, for the which
they were forry and afliamed, and confeffed that we had juft Caufe to complaine
thereof, but he adured us that they did howerly exped him. We anfwered
him, that we were all willing to make the beft Report of Things that we might
for Advancement of {o good a Worke as we had in hand ; but that he muft ex-
cufe us, that we dealt fo plainely and refolutely with him, to avoyd that her Ma-
jeftie fliould not hold her felf abufed by any Remiflhefs and Negligence of ours.
He protefted again, that if there were any Fraud, that himfelf was the firft decei-
ved, for that he knew not that any was meant.

li This

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 219

This is all which we can advcrtifc your Honor as yet of our Bufyncfs here, j^, i^qq
But wc thought good further to fignify unto your Lordihip, that ycflei day Morn-
ing while the 'Pinnace attended here our Dijpatch, the Captainc hav ing Know-
ledge that certaine Shallops oiDnnkerke had taken certaineCoaft-men laden with
Coals and other Mcrchandile going for Rochclle, he made after them, and by his
Diligence that hcufed recovered the laid Barks, and in one of them fix 'Bwiker-
kcrs which they had put in her; but the Shdloj)s clcaped from him in a Calme
by the Swiftnel's of their Ores. And upon the Arrivall of thofe Men here, we
took, occafion (fynding they were Fellows of no Worthe) to make a Prefent of
them to thcis CommilTioncrs, and to value a Curtefie to them, the better to draw
the like from them on the Behalf of fuch as it pleafed your Honor and the reft
of the Counfail to recommend unto us by your Letters of the 9th oi July, and
we were very glad to have fuch an Occafion, for that otherwife we fliould have
had little Pretext to Ipeak for thofe whom they knew were going to beare Arms
againll them; and yet upon this Curtefie which they take kindly they have pro-
mifed to write for their Enlargement. We cannot alfo omitt hereby to give Te-
flimony of the Diligence which the faidCaptaine hath ufed, as well in his Atten-
dance here, as alfo in the laid Adlion; for that we conceive it to be an Honour
unto her Majeftie, in refped: that it was performed in the view of this Place.

We can give your Honor no Advertilement of the Proceeding of the Count
Maurice fince his Remove from Newport .^ but only that he is ftill beleiging the
Fort Elizabeth near to OJiend, but with no great likelyhood of Succefs as it is
conceaved, by reafon that it is very ilrong of it felf, and that the Archduke
(who is now approached unto it with his Army) hath a way open to put as ma-
ny Men into it as he will. We learn alfo, that the Commillioners that go from
thQ Archduke's fide to treate with the States are Monfieur de Baffigny, Monfieur
Bentin of Guelder land, and one Cod a Tenjionarje of I^re. And fo till further
Occafion we humbly take our leaves.

Tour Honoris very humblie to be Commanded,

Henry Neville. John Herbert.
Robert Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

The ^een to the Comm'ijfioners for the Treaty at Bulloigne.

Elizabeth R.

TRufty and well-beloved we greet you well. Having feen your Letters bear-
ing Date the 16* oijuly, we find it very ftrange that the Audiencer is not
yet returned, and therefore mean no longer to abide the Hazard of any Diflio-
nour ; feeing by your long ftay through their Delays, we may be fnfpected in the
World, to be greedy of that which we have been only induced to, with an Opi-
nion that their Sinceritie in thofe Proceedings, would not have come Jhort of
their Troteftations. As for the ^ropofitions of Richardot, we know his Fafliion
is always to take Libertie by fpeaking as a private Man, to make Advantages of
Offers and Difcourfes, to which he will be bound no further then to ferve his
owne turne, and therefore we like well of your Anfweres in that kind ; for we
are iiot difpofed upon any new Propofitions to pod our Commififioners from
France to Holland upon fo flender Grounds , and therefore we have thought
good in this fort to dired: you. Firft, whatfoever the Audiencer brings, tojiand
firme to give them no Triority, though in any other kind (as heretofore ye are
inflruded) we can be content you fall into a courfe of Moderation, fo it be not
to our Prejudice.

Next for a final Anfwere, Ye mufl: now deliver to the Commiffioners, that
having informed us of their Proceedings you have received Order, that if the
Audiencer do not return by the end of this next Weeke with fuch Diredion as

may

220 The TranfaBtons in the Book III

j^n. 1600. may reconcile thdt point of Trecedency, fo as you may proceed to Treaty with-
out any Note ofDijhonour to us ; We have directed you to return over hither im-
mediately, and fo it is our T^leafiire that ye Jhould do whom we fent over for
that purpofe. For as it is ftrange that they would be fo fenfelefs as to think
that we would yeelde any Superioritye ; fo it is ftrange that all this tyme there
iliould not be an Anfvvere returned, feeing that which is offered by us ftandeth
with fo much reafon.

Given under our Signett at our Mannor of Greenwich the 19* Day of
July 1600, in the ^1^'^ Year of our Reigne.

Mr, Secretary Cecyll to the Comm'tjfioners for the Treaty (?/Bulloigne.

lo* July 1600.

AFT E R my very harity Commendations. I know not what to judge of this
matter, that thefe Commiffioners ihould trifle thus long about that point,
whereof they could not yvixiigmt but her Majejiie would make abfoluteRefufall-^
and yet I fee no fenle, why they fhould urge Treaty and not refolve to conclude.
Concerning the Speeches which Richardot ufed, they feem not ftrange to me,
but do confirm that which ever I iuppofed ; which is, that howfbever they may
refolve to conclude with England rather then with nether, yet the mayneToint
which they moft affeB, is to draw the Low-Countries to a tripartite Covenant.
Wherein, as for my owne part, I will never be brought to beleeve, that they
that have raifed themfelves to fach an height, will ever become Servants ; lo
do I Imyle to fee, how cunningly Richardot would raife a Jealouf^, that the
States ( who have ever heretofore been deaf to Treatys ) can now be content
to joyn without us. Of which Refolution he could well have made you thisDi-
JiinBion if he had pleafed, that the United Provinces never refufed to treate with
the States in that ^allitie ; but ever protefted againft any Overture as from
the King of Spaine or i\\Q Archduke, whom they never meant to recognize.
And this is the Forme that chey have ufed at this tyme; for although they lately
fefufed t]\Q Emperor' s Ambajfadors, and did the like to thofe that were fent from
the 'Duke, yet now for thofe that pretend to come from the States only, they
have been content to hear them ^iBerghen; wherein, thoughe I cannot think
that thoje "Deputies do any thing without the Archduke's Tolleration, and that
they may have a Defleign to entrappe the States of the United ^Provinces ; yet
were the Difference great between fuch a kind of Accord, and any other Agree-
ment wherein the Archduke fliould be acknowledged. Whofe Fortune I do be-
lieve afluredly it will be (efpecially if the King of Spayne breake into a Warre
with France, and have another Warre with us) to be gladd in the end to retaine
the Superiority only over thofe which he now pofTefTeth, and to fufJer the other
States to keep in a Body as they are. Not that he will either furrender or co-
venant, but be content with a temporary ^iietnefs, which is the beft he can
look for. Thus have you familiarly my Conceipts rather for Difcourfe then that
they are worth your Trouble. And fo for this tyme I committ you to God's
Protedion.

Tour ajfured loving Friend,

RO. CECYLL.

Ths

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 221

^n. J 600.
TheComm'iJJlorieys forihe Treaty at Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

■i-oA^'Jiily 1600, O.S.

IT may plcafc your Honor to iindcrftand, that on Tbnrfday the 17''^ hereof
the Aiidiencer made his return hither; and the next Day the Prefldcnt i?i-
chardot and be fent to me the Secretary^ to fignifye that they would come to my
Lodging to conferre with us the Secretary^ and Robert Beak, and Thomas Ed-
moulds. And at the faid Meeting they declared unto us, that they were lent
from their other Colleagues to impart that which they had Charge to fignifye
unto us upon the return of the Andiencer\, which was to proteflby the Faith of
Chriftians, that they were fent with a dired: Charge and Intent to make a Peace
with her Majeftie on the behalfe both of the Kinge o'iSpayne and the Archduke;
and that themfelves alfo in their particular AfFedions would be glad to be Inftru- -
raents to advance fo good a Worke, and therefore that they were forrie that it
had been fo long delayed by the Difference which had growen: But withall, that
they were willed to fignify to us, that the King of Spaine could not proceed
therein-) without receiving Right in the Honor of Precedency which belongeth
unto him: For the which purpofe, that they were direded to agr^p to no other
courfe of Meeting then only in fome third Lodging, and there to have the firfl
place; which if we would yeeld unto them, that then they would prefently enter
into Treaty with us, or otherwife they defired to underfland her Majeflie's Reib-
lution, that if flie would not like thereof, they might withdraw themfelves;
praying us that they might remaine in our good Opinion. And faid moreover
that they had fo long attended, to receive the full Diredtion of their Princes, for
that themfelves were not willing to break oft' the Negotiation, but rather that it
fliould proceede from their Commaundment.

We anfwered them, that her Majeftie would finde this their Proceeding very
flrange, who had offered them all Reafon, but that nothing would fatisfye them
but Inequallity. That for our parts we had enlarged our lelves fo farre forth as
we were authorifed, and that we would communicate their Anfwere with her
Majeftie's AmbafTador, and let them know our further Conceipts thereof Ac-
cordingly we had Conference together of the matter, and the fame Day we the
Secretary, Robert Beale, and Thomas Edmonds returned to the Vr&(\dicux Richar-
dot and the Audiencer with this Meifage ; That we had conferred about the An-
fwere which they delivered us upon the returne of the Audiencer , importing the
King of Spaine'^ Refolution not to proceede on the Treaty, unlefs her Majeftie
would yeeld him the Trefeance. That we were forrie to find fo little Corre-
fpondency in efTed:, to the Profeffions which had been made on their part, and
for anfwere unto it, this was all we could fay ; That we had no Authoriiie to af-
fent unto any fuch thing, and prayed them to let us know whether this were
their laft Refolution, to the end we might advertife her Majeftie thereof; but be-
caufe we did affure our felves that it would produce our prefent Revocation, and
would be lothe that a Matter of this Importance to the good of Chriftendome,
and begonne with fo great Expectation of the World, fliould fall to the Ground
upon fuch a Difference ; We praied them to thinke, whether there might not be
fome Proceeding in the Treaty, leaving the point of Trecedency in the fame
Termes as it was ; as namely, to treate by Writing, with fuch Meetings and
Conferences as had heretofore paffed between us ; and if they fliould like there-
of, though we had no Conimiflion to accept of yt, that we would be bold to
propofe it unto her Majeftie out of our private Aftedions to the Advancement of
fo good a Worke, as we would willingly do any thing elfe which they fliould
propound, wherein we fawe that there Jhould be no 'T>ifadvantage or 'Dijho-
nour to her Majeftie.

They made us Anfwere, that for themfelves, they were extreamly forrie that
Things did fo ill fliape, but that they bad received a peremptory Commaundment

L 1 1 t<^

222 The Tranf actions in the Book IIL

^n. 1600. to admit of no other Courfe of treating here then that which they had propound-
ed-^ and therefore they praied us to let them knowe her Majeftie's fpeedy Refolu-
tion therein, fith now it was out of their Power to vary from the fame; and af-
fured us, that they had received a Check, that they had not delivered this refi-
Inte Anfwere^ upon our jirfl Challenge ofTrefeance. We told them, that al-
beit we doubted not that her Majeftie upon Knowledge hereof would prefently
revoke us, yet that we would do as they had done, to attend her Majeftie's
dired Commandment before we would breake off the Treaty. This is all that
we can advertife your Honor, or expecSt of this Bufynefs. And therefore we
humbly defire to receive her Majeftie's Ipeedy Refolution how flie will further
dilpofe of us ; and fo we humbly take our leave.

Tour Honor's humbly to be commanded.

Henry Neville. John Herbert. '
Robert Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

While we attended the Tinnace for the conveying of this Letter, we received
her Majeftie's Letter of the 19*, and your Honor's Difpatch with the fame.
Whereby, although we conceived that we had Dired:ion enough to come away
and to diftblj'e the Treatie, yet confidering we had before fignifyed that we
would advertife, we thought good to attend an Anfwere ; and the rather for
that we had no Shipping here prefent to tranlport us. Wherein we befeech your
Honor to move the Lord Admirall to take fome order, that we may have no
caufe of ftay when the Commandment fhall come; and fo again we humbly take
our leave this xi^^ oi July 1600.

From the Lords of the Privy Counclllj to the Commtjffioners m the

Treaty at Biilloigne.

'i'5^^ July 1600.

AFTER our very hearty Commendations. Although this arrogant Anjwere
of the Spaniards (whereof your Letters of the xo* do advertife) is ^o
ftrange, as her Majeftie might almoft lufped: it but a Figure of OJientation, to
trye the uttermoft what her Majeftie will yeeld unto in the point oiTrefeance,
feeing you have had fb ample Power from her Majeftie to offer them any Courle
of equall T)egree for Conference, (in which Ihe doubts not but you have clearly
opened your felves ;) Yet fo tender a matter is the point of Honor between
Trinces^ as jhe confidereth that there cannot be too much Care taketi to con-
ferve it. And therefore if you have not already fignifyed unto them, her Ma-
jeftie's conjiant Refolution never to yeeld them T'refeance, as well as they have
told you the King of S^^yn€ s per emptorie Anfwere to yeeld none unto her:
Her Majeftie then commands you, to let them know, that they had but the ftart
of you thus farre, that they had no Iboner told you what \!a&Audiencerhrovi^t^
but that you had her Majeftie's diredi Commaundment by her own Hand to re-
turn, if the Audiencer did not bring back a Refolution to reconcile that Point
by fome way of Indtfferency^ without Trior it ie to either. Of this Point we re-
quire you in her Majeftie's Name to be very carefnll that it ihall be roundly told
them, and with Difcretion ; becaufe howfoever the Adiion doth ftand or fall,
they may not go away with any Note or Opinion, of having been more refolute
in that point then the ^een. But now, becaufe her Majeftie could be contend-
ed as things ftand, to have you kept together for fome time, (yea, though flie did
forfee that no good Gonclufion fliould follow,) flie is of Opinion, if you obferve
Circumftances well, that by your own good handling, fome way may be found
(without Lois or Touch of Honor) to keep the Treaty on foot for fome conve-
nient time: Wherein, becaufe this Alteration of theirs mnft be upon fome ground,

her

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 223

her Majcllic hath examined what thofc Grounds may be, and hath rcfolvcd ac- An. 1600.
cordingly to dirc(5l you, that in your Proceeding you may obviate the fame.

F irfl, it may be thought that this may be but a Bravery ; which if it be, then
will it turn again of it iclf, fo as you arc to obfcrvc their Carriages, and nether
be hafly to make any new Propofitions, nor to drive it too long, that they give
you the Hip : In which matter none can dired you lb well as you that are upon
the place. The fccond Ground may be conjedtured. That they have {omc par-
ticular T>ejfei^n, wherein we are (to tell you true) perlwadcd that there is no
great doubt; for by the Intelligence her Majeflic hath, their Preparations are of
no Importance, only it may be that Ibme imal Nombers may be fent into Ire-
land.

A third Ground there may be, and that confifteth of two Points. Firft, that
from the beginning their cheefe Scope was direded by the Treaty to draw in
the Low Countries \ and now happily being delperate of any fuch Purpofe in us,
they think it as good to breake off at firft, as at the laft. The other (and that
is it which for our Parts is not Icaft probable) is this, that althoughe to this lafl:
Meeting between the States of both Sides, the Arcbdiikes nor the King of
Spaine be no Parties, yet that they are in hope by this good enterance to lay
a good Foundation for that which is to follow, with which if they be fed, it is
not unlike that they grow lefs deHrous of her Majeftie's Amitie. Not that they
will not be glad of it, but rather if it may be in their Choice, whether to have
the Low Countries without the ^ieene, or her Majeftie's Amitie without them,
they will then leave her and take them. You fliall therefore upon thele Obfer-
vations proceede in this fort ; after you have in the Point of Trefeance faid as
much oithe ^ieen's Mynde as they have faid of the King of Spaine's ; namely,
that you were commanded, as well as they, to return without doing any thing,
rather then to grant any other then e quail Conditions ; you may then, as well
as Richardott and others have done, take a Libertie to make Propofitions of
your felves, whereby to reconcile Difficulties rather then to break off the whole
Work which is begonne. Take occafion likewife to profeffe your owne Zeale for
the Caufe to be fuch, as you would be gladd to know, whether if her Majeflie
will leave the Toint of Trefeance undifputed, they will not be contented by
particular Meffages to and fro, to bring the Points of the Treaty to fame good
IfTue, without any other publick Forms of Meeting then fuch as have already
paft; whereby each Partye may underftand (when Conditions on both Sides are
knowen) what likelyhood there is of any good Conclufion. Herein if you finde
them bona fide inclinable, then do we think indeede that there could be no w^ay
better to keep the Treatie from breaking, then to fay that you have bethought
your felves what was offered by Richardott concerning the Treaty to be holden
at Berghen, at which Place the Queene fliould have the Trefeance. Wherein,
becaufe you do know her Majeftie's Minde to be fincerely bent to Peace, fo it
may be grounded upon Points of Honor ; you may fay, if you might have any
Warrant to ground fuch an Advertifement to her Majeftie, you would adventure
to fend over that Propofition, and to tarry till you have received Anfwere,
Whereunto you may add, that rather then for lack of Underftanding of any Cir-
cumftances, this good Work which hath relation to the quiet of Chriftendome
fliould be overthrowen, you will not ftick one of you to come over to deliver
the Matter and receive an Anfwere ; which w-e wilh, if fo it be, may be you
Mr. Edmonds, becaufe you are beft able to travaile. Further, you may alfo add
that fuch is your Opinion af her Majeftie's Difpofition to preferre the Confum-
mation of the Work, before any Humours to infift upon extreame Pundilios,
as you make no Queftion, but if they will come over to any Coaft Towne in
England, her Majeftie will not ftick to give them the Trefeance.

Thus have you the beft means we can think of, that are likely to continue the

Treaty, if either the Spanijh Tride be fo great, that they preferre thetr hauty

^efires before matters of greater Importance, or are growen Careleffe of that

now, which heretofore they have fought. But becaufe you may trie the Bottom

^ J ^ of

2 2 4- The Trati factions in the Book III.

yln. x6oo. of their meaning, and bring all thefe things to pafTe according to the Obfervati-

ons you find fince the Writing of your laft Letter, her Majeftie can hke that you

offer to lend bver to her Majeftie to knowe, whether flie will agree to a Truce

betweene the King of Spaine-, the Archdukes-, and her-, feeing it was propofed

by Coomans in the beginning, or any other Way that may not be diflionorable

to continue the Seflion. Or if that cannot be without fuch Courfes as may be

prejudicial! to the Queen, then to make fiich a ^parting as may have relation to

fome further tyme., whereby it may appeare to the World that this is rather a

Difcontinuance, then an abfolute Diffolution ; Which if it iliould, you may well

believe that each Trince will be hereafter more frecife then ever, hoiv to be-

ginne any new Overtures. And then Ihall it be fitt for you to conclude, that

her Majeftie will make her Troteftations to the World, that llie hath done as

much as belongs to her in Chriftianitie or Honor in this matter.

For Firft, notwithftanding many important Reafons that might have made her
ftill fufpitious that their Proceeding was not fincerely intended, flie preferring the
laving of Chriftian Blood, hath been contented to fend to this Meeting. Next,
although ihe knew no Reafon, why /he might not as well demand Triority as
the King of Spaine hath done, yet to make a Tryall whether a Chriftian Peace
might be confirmed, her Majeftie hath been contented to yeeld to an equallitie.
And further, in Cafe that Ihould not take place, to handle it by Writing, or par-
ticular Meffages: So as you may fay, that if it be confidered what Evidence Ihe
hath of the King's Proceedings in Ireland, not only by having his own Letters
written to the Tray tors, but by difcovery of his fending Support unto them,
even fince the time that thefe fair Proteftations have been made, you think it im-
ports them much to juftify their Sincerity by yeelding to things more reafonable ;
for if they do not, it will be hard for them (all former Circumftances confidered
in the latter Treaties,) to avoyde the Scandall which will lye upon them of an
unfound Meaning from the beginning. And thoughe her Majeftie will taxe no
Man in particular at this tyme, yet muft flie needs fay, that nothing could have
deceived her, but the Affurance which flie repofed in the Judgment and Sincerity
of the Archduke; whom as ihe holdeth too wife to look for more then flie hath
performed in the Point of Trefeance, fo llie prefumeth too much of his Sincerity
towards her (whom flie hath never particularly injured,) to have done her that
Wrong to have invited her with fuch Perlwafion of honorable Proceeding, if he
had forethought that the King of Sfaine would evfer have fought that which is
io prepofterous and repugnant to Reafon; confidering that the Archduke was
plainely told beforehand, that Jhe would never yeeld the 'Prefeance. And
though peradventure all this hath been grounded upon a purpofe to divert her
Majeftie from fdch Courfes which in reafon of State llie might have taken (if
flie had refolved to dwell in Hoftiflitie,) and that by this amufing of her, fbme
Matter of Offence intended, hath been the better contrived ; yet you may deli- .
ver unto them, that as the Honor will be fmall that may grow from any fuch
ABion, which Jhall be difcovered to be the Child of fo ill a 'Parent as Fraud
and Deceit ; fo her Majeftie little doubt eth, but that by the Juftice of her
Caufe, and by her Sword, fhe jhall be able to defend her felf againft all fuch
1)ejfeigns or Attemp whatfoever. And fo we committ you to God his Pro-
te(3;ion.

Tour loving Friends^

T. BucHURST. Nottingham.
Ro. Cecyll.

Mr. Seen-

Book III. Treaty of Bulloigne. 225

A/i. 1600.

Mr. Seaelayy Cecyll to the Comintjfioriers at Bulloigne.

x^'h '^uly 1600.

AFTER my hearty Commendations. By a joynt Letter from my Lord
Trcafurer, my Lord Admirall, and my felf, lent unto you this Morning,
you have been dircd:cd amoug other Overtures to be made as of your felvcs to
the other Commiffioners, for continuing of the Treaty, to make an Offer un-
to them, that if they will come and treate in any Coaftc Tovvnc in England, that
her Majeftie will be contented there to give them Trefeance. Since which
ryme,^ her Majeftie upon a fecond Confideration, finding it not convenient
to offer any luch matter; hath commanded me to fignifye unto you, that llie
will have you forbear to make any fuch Propodtion at this Tyme, but to pro-
ceed in the reft according to your Diredions in our joynt Letter. Whereof I
pray you take notice by thefe Prefents, and fo I leave you to God his Protedion.

Tour very loving Friend,

RO. CECYLL.

The Comm'tJJloners for the Treaty at Bulloigne to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, 7.%^^ Jtily 1600. O. S.'

IT may pleaie you to underftand, that we received your Honor's Letter of the
x^* on Satterday in the Evening, and have endeavoured by all meanes to
tuilfiU the Contents thereof. And for that purpofe, we Robert Beale and Tho-
mas Edmonds had Conference with the Prefident Richardott and the Audiencer
yefterday in the Afternoone. Who thereupon returned this Morning with this
Anfwere ; that they thought not good to deferre any longer their Departure upon
any Anfwere from the Archduke, for that we might as well and better promote
the Buifynefs being neer to our Mafters then here ; and to remayne longer in this
PJace, having no Power to proceede in any thing, were to make us more ri-
diculous. But if we would propofe any thing of Subftance likely to give any
way to the Treaty, that they would not think a Moneth or two or three more
ill fpent.

We anfwered them, that we had already propofed the particular Way of
Treating tvithout bringing the Toint of Precedency in quejiion ; which feeing
they refufed, we defired they would propofe fome other ; and that otherwife they
dealt very unequally with her Majeftie, and nothing anfwcrable to the Profel-
fion they had often made of their defire to advance this Bufinefs, to caft the Bur-
then of proposing allvvaies upon her Majeftie and her Minifters, and to conferre
nothing on their Side that might promote it. Whereupon after they vi^ere gone
backe to conferre with the reft of the Commiffioners, they returned prefently with
this Anfwere ; that they had imparted what had pafled between us unto the reft
of their Colleagues, and that upon advife among themfelves feeing they had a pre-
cife Order not to proceede in this Place in any other Sort then they had declared,
they found no other way to give continuance unto the Treaty (although they
greatly defired it ;) but that either the Queen would be pleafed to renewe her
Motion to the Hollanders to draw them into a joynt Treaty, and fo to meet
in fome Place of Holland, or elfe to appoint a Meeting in fome Tlace of
their Country, as Bourborough, JVinoxbergh or any other which her Majeftie
ftiould choofe, in the which Cafe they would make no 'Dijfcultie of the Tre-
feance.

We anfwered, that we would communicate it with her Majeftie's AmbafTador ;
and upon Conference returned prefently this Anfwere ; that we could not of our-

Mmm felves

126 The Iran fatTwns in the, &c. BookllL

jin. i6oc. felves give them Anfwere, but chat we would prefumc to advertize her Majcflie
^ of it and procure her Direction within five or fix Days if they would ftay for it,
as in all reaibn and due refpedl they ought, confidering how Jong we had attend-
ed for the returne of the Attdlencer. But finding them refolute not to deferre
their Journey, we propofed, as of our felves, that while this matter Jhould be de-
liberated upon, there might be fome feceffe or adjournment of the Treaty^ and
fome A£i pafi thereof between us.

But they anfwered that it Ihould not need, and that we might be as confident
of them, as they were of us; and that they would hold the Colloquie continued
till the end of 60 Dayes, that her Majeftie might in the mean tyme fignifye hei*
pleafure to the Archduke touching the Points that had been propofed. Hereupon
we not remayniiig fatisfyed with this Anfwere, becaufe it would have laid a Ne-
ceffity upon her Majeftie to have fent firft unto the Archduke, although it were
only to make Anfwere to that which they had propofed ; we proceeded ro the
laft Step, which was agreed on amongft us ; namely to require them, that feeincr
they defired her Majeftie iliould do them that good Office to invite the HoUan-
dersto enter into the Treaty ; they would give her Majeftie fome ground for it, by
fome Letter from the Archduke unto her, requiring fo much of her, and wit'hall
teftifying, that he held the Treaty fill in force and not dijfolved. To this the
Prefident Richardott made fome difficulty at the firft, praying us to be contented
with chat declaration which they had made that they held the Treaty to be ft ill
in Continuance ; but yet upon further debating of it, he promifed to reprefenc
it to the Archduke-^ and to move him to write to that effedl:, or €i{t that himfelf
would write to fome of US; after the which, within the Compafs of 60 Dayes
'from this tyme, they would looke for her Majefties Anfwere. Which was as
much as we could poffibly draw them mito after all the Tryall that we had made
having gone as far as our Diredtions, and her Majefties Honor would permict.

This Afternoon they are departed, and we only attend the coming of conve-
nient Shipping for our Tranfportation, which we have fent for and do expecit
out of hand, and fo we humbly take our leaves.

Tour Honors humbly to he commanded,

Henry Neville. Joh. Herbert.
Rob. Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

A COL-

Q.1J

An. i(5oo.

COLLECTION

O F

STATE PAPERS, ^c

BOOKIV.

Mr, WiNwoob J Negotiation in France.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

. , 'Paris Jttly 1 7^

Right Honorable my "very good Lor d-, 1600, G. S.

MR. Packer will return fo well furniflied with all Advertifements from this
Place, that it will be needlefs for me to write any thing; yet I hold it
my Duty to yeild an account of the Time I have Ipent here, where I arrived not
before Sunday, for the Poll; failing me at Monftreuil, I was forced to content my
felf with fuch Horfes, as with difficulty I could find by the way. Upon Sunday
I vifited (143 Pretence) Charles Paget, whom I was defirous to found concern-
ing that Advertifenient which lately came from him, that (19 Pluto) the King
of S^-x\n Jhould have at this fame dejfeign againft (lof Health) England. This
is all that heavoweth therein, that the (124 Wifdom) Spanijh Ambaff^ador, fami-
liarly diicourfing with one of his Confidents of the frefent State of Things-, and
oithis Treaty now at Bulloigne; willed him to afllire himfelf, that notwithjiand-
ing (tfs x3o) the Treaty-, or whatfoever elfe might en fie thereof the King of
Spain did not.purpofe to caft of his Pretences for (105' Health) England, unto
whom {lo') Extorfion) the Infanta had refigned all her Titles and Rights •., but
father did re five to follow them when time Jhould ferve-, with as much Ea-
gernefs-, as if the Heat of the War jhould continue. I remember that yourLord-
iliip the laft Year, not long after your Arrival to this Place, * did by your Let-
ters move Mr. Secretary-, that if the Treaty did go forward, there iliould be aii
Article inferted, wherein they Jhould difclaim all Titles and colourable Pre-
tences to the prefent State , or Succejfion hereafter, which either they thein-
felves did falfiy ajfume, or other their Favourers, in their feditious Libells al-
ledged for them ; whereby if no other Good more important did enfue, yet this
is not to be contemned, that xS\€\x prefent Affections would thereby be felt ^ and

* See Sir H<»ry Nevill's Letter to the Secretary, 27 June S599, f ji.

their

228 Mr.Wivfv/ooDs Negotiation in^rance. Book IV,

y^n. i6oo.thdt futnre Tfefeigns difcovered: But he underftands not of any Preparations
^ in Spain by Sea; the Levies of Land Souldiers are great, which he thinks fliall
be lent partly to the Archduke, partly to Savoy. He further affureth me, that
144. the French King hath 1x4. the Spanijh Amhaffador in great 'Jealoitfy, as
one illaffe£ied to his Terfon and to the Repofe of his State:, who after the ge-
nerall Invitation that the AmbafTadors received to follow the King, not making
any great hade, but Haying Hill in Taris, T>e Gondy had exprefs Command-
ment precifely to fummon him, and to require his Attendance : But he plays
the Gallant, faying that now he dares declare himfelf Servant to fuch a Mafter,
feeing there is fo good a Refpondant for him in Spain as Monficur de Rochepot
is; who by Letters from Madrid of the ii*^ of this Month, is faid to be flill at
Burgos, attending in what quality he fliall be received, not contenting himfelf to
be received as an Ambajfador ordinary. But this which followeth pafleth my
Underltanding. Upon Tnefday the faid Party came to me to your Lordfliip's
Houfe ; after fonie ordinary Difcourfe between us, he faid, that he had a Qiie-
ftion to ask me, IVhither I did not know that your JLordjhip jhould offer 40000
Crowns, with Rejpondence in this Town for Tayment thereof, to feize up-
on the Terfon of 114 the Spanifli Ambajfador, and to mafacre his Teople about
him. This Queflion feemed to me moft ridiculous and moft abiurd ; and fo I told
him that he could not have asked a Queftion whereiinto I might more eafily an-
fwer, the Ablurdity thereof fatisfying it felf; for I urged Caffianum illud, cui bo-
no, requefling him to tell me what Ufe publick or private might enfue thereof,
then at whofe Charge that Sum fliould be disburfed : The ^teen of England was
not fb ill a Mefnagiere as not to know the Worth of the Merchandize which flie
did trade, non Triamus tanti. I alTured him flie valued not his Mafler's CarkafTe
at fo high a rate: I fliewed further the Impollibility of the Fad:, by the Circum-
llances of Time, Place, and Means: This I faid might in reafon give Satisfadlion
to a Man of Judgement, who would confider all Circumflances in the Ballance of
Dilcretion, and not fufFer himfelf to be tranfported with the Fury of his own
Paflion. Yet I told him there was a more potent Reafbn then any before I had
alledged, that apparently would prove that the conceipt of fo foul a Fad; did ne-
ver fall into your Lordfhip's Cogitations ; That was, the due refpedi, that in
your former and private Life, your Lord/hip ever hath had to the Honor of
your Houfe, and thelJprightnefs of your Reputation ; which in all your Troceed-
ings you had fo tenderly conferved, that the Malice of the World had no power
to blemifh the Litflre thereof with the leaf Note of T>ifgrace. I faid your
Lordfliip could well diflinguifli what was due to Cafar and what not, and God
be thanked jytfz/ ferved under a Sovereign, whofe Government was not acquaint-
ed with fuch Tratfifes. I prayed him to afTure himfelf that your Lordfhip in
Difcretion would not attempt that, which iriprobability of Reaibn could not be
effeded; nor in Honor defire to have that effed;ed, which you had not firft ap-
proved by the Touchilone of your own Confcience ; the Peace and Satisfad:ion
whereof you did more precioufly efleem, then the vain Pomp and titulary Glory
of the World. He protefteth that he hath juftified your Honor unto him, but
withall fweares that fuch an Information hath been delivered. I urged him in-
flantly to name either the Perfon that hath informed it, or him who fliould at-
tempt the Fad, or fome other Circumflance whereby fome Light might be difco-
vered, for this generalitie would but amaze your Lordfhip, and delivered thus con-
fufedly, was an luteUigence without Underflanding. He praied me to content
my felf with what he had fpoken, for more he could not, without breach of his
Oath, which he hoped I would not defire. Your Lordfliip will excufe me if I
deliver in few Words what I think of this matter: Firfl, I am of opinion that all
this is but ufained 'Device; but if there be any Truth in it, then there are fome
that could be content to have had this Fact praBifed, fo fome likely Terfon
might be found out upon whom the T>ijgrace might be derived.

I have faluted (Superfiition) the Ambajfador of Scotland from youvLordfhip;
he was inquifitive of your Proceedings at Btilloigne ; whom I informed, how

inftantly

Book IV. Mr.Wi}^v/ooDs Negotiation />z France. 229

inflantly her Majcftic's CommifTioncrs had urged the Tfefcauce; fliewing, 1 hat An. \6oo.
her Majejlie uias as jealous of the Rhht of her Honor-, as of the Title of her ^^
Crown ; and that Jhe held therein her due fo dear., that the fucc ceding Age jhotild
have canfe to acknowledge her princely Care of hcrTo[lerity, hy contejiingiu
this point of Honor with him, who calls him fe If the greatef Monarch in Cfiri-
Jiendom. I delivered unto him what your Lordlhin had commanded; that as be-
fore you had affured him by your Judgment and Realbn, fo now by your Know-
ledge you could confn m, that nothing vjas intejided directly or oilwnely to the
Trejudice of x6s the King ^/Scotland. He took, this Meffage very kindly, and
I might perceive the old Alans Spirits much revived wit hall, w'ho of his own
accord did promifc to advertife it as from your Lordiliip, by the next. * The
Mafter of Gray will have been with you before thefe Lciters: He goes \nw Flan-
ders, where if he find any Condition he will flay, if not he will tranfport him-
felf with Bag and Baggage into England. He doth declare himfelf a "PraEiifer
againji his King, and 1 fear leafl: he doth wrong your Lordlhip and Mr. Edmonds^
profefllng to have larelligence with you both. * ('Poverty) Coivell doth go to
Majfe, and tells me he mufl: temporize, otherwife he lliall do no Service; I refer-
red his Confcience to himlelf. I told him the Service refted only in this, to pro-
cure into your Lordfhip's Hands the Warrant for thefe Proceedings, attejted as
you know, which he promifeth now to do. He defires to have his Wife out of
England; I wiflied him to confider what Means he had to fetch her, whatMeans
to maintain her; and if he went this Journey, what Difcretion it was to leave her
in a Countrey void of Maintenance and of Acquaintance. He hath written (as
he faith) to your Lordfliip, that yf Ihe may be convayed to Tiiepe, he will be
no more chargeable either for her or himfelf, untill this Service be fully perform-
ed ; I wifli you were honeftly delivered of him.

Faffing by Abbeville, I underftood that the Merchants o'i Scot Ian dv^\\\<:^ trade
in thofe parts, buy no other Commodities but Arms, as CaUivers, Muskets, Pi-
Jiols, and Arms for Horfemen, which for thefe Twelve Months they have ufed.
I have likewife heard fince my coming to this Town, that the Lord Burley, ac-
companied with two Captains of that Countrey, is now in Holland, fent to pro-
vide Arms for looooMen.

They write from Brujfells, that Spinola doth expecft daily from Spain fix Gal-
lies more, and that fince the lafl: Defeat which the Archduke received, xkit States
there affembled have granted a prefent Contribution of zo j. the Chimney, which
the Duke oi Arfcot propofed, and without Contradi6tion was aflented unto.

At my being in England, I told Mr. Cuff of that Speech which Prentice^
Mr. Anthony Bacon's Man, had with the Lord Weems. Mr. G/jf informed Mr.
Bacon of it ; he made fmall account thereof, jufl;ifying his Man's Honeflry and
Difcretion, only he was defirous to know whither your Lordiliip had advertifed
it into England; which Mr. G(^ could not refolve him, neither when he related
this unto me, did I refolve him therein.

I befeech your Lordfliip, that what Directions I fliall receive I may receive
them immediately from your felf; otherwife I Ihall be bound in all Congruity to
make anfwer to them to whom I ought not, without wrong to your Lordlhip's
Service, and that Duty wherein I will not be found faulty.

Your Lordfliip Ihall not do amifs to write fometimes to Mr. Willis, which of
late you have intermitted ; you may make good ufe of him when you lliall come
into England to good purpofe ; he is open and plain, well affedled to your Lord-
fliip, and not the befl fatisfyed in his Condition. I fliould have conferred of thefe
Points before my Departure, but this wicked Journey will plead for my Excufe,
wherewith I was then full and yet am furcharged, neither Ihall be dehvered, untiil
I have the Happinefs to return to your Lordlhip's Prefence. And fo, ^c.

Tour Lord/hip's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

* This is the fame Perfon who is mentioned before in Sir Henr<^ Nevill'i Letters.

N n n Sir

2 3 o Mr. WiNwooD i" Negotiation in France. Book IV,

yln. 1600.

Str Henry Neville to Mr. AVinwood.

Winwood, ~ Bulloigne \% July 1600^ 0.%,

"Aving fo good a Commodity I would npt omit it, though perhaps too late

to find you at Tar is. Out oi England I have heard nothing fmce your

)eparture, neither publickly to us all, nor privately to my felf. I have written
that I have difpatched you, and what Allowance I have made you, alledging his
Promife for it. Of my Suit I hear nothing at all ; I received this Morning a Let-
ter from my Father, but with no mention of it. The Audiencer is returned this
Day, but as yet they have not fent to us. Since I fent the Ambajfador Venifcuj
he hath lent my Wife and my Sifter fome Spanijlj Gloves and Perfumes. Ri-
chardot had lately Conference with Mr. Secretary privately, and afterwards with
him and Mr. Edmonds, to this effed:; That whereas the Queen had often pro-
mifed to do her beft to bring them of Holland and Zealand into the Treaty, for
which there was now a very good Opportunity offered, feeing they began of
themfelves to hearken to it, and had for that purpofe given a PaiTport to the
'Deputies of the States 0I Flanders to come to conferr with them at Bergen op
Zoome ; it would pleafe her to add her Authority unto this Inclination of
theirs-, and tixhtx perfuade them to fend their Deputies hither to joyn with us,
or to remove this Treaty into fome place of Holland ; in which latter cafe he
faid, they would give us the Trecedence^ which had been fb much in Queflion.
This Motion he made as privately from himfelf, referring it unto them either to
fupprefs it, or to communicate it further as they thought fit. By this you may
gather fome reafon of this long lingring without apparent Caufe ; and withall,
that the States begin Branfler a la manche. We underftand by Reports, but not
othervvife, that my Lord Cobham and Sir Walter Rawleigh are gon over, upon
Pretext to fee the Camp and Seige of the Fort Ifabella near OJiend^ where Count
Maurice is yet unprofitably, as he was before zt Newport ; but I cannot think
but they have fome other end, and that in England there is fome Allarm taken
of thefe Matters-, although we be not worthy to know it. The Archduke is
within half a League of the States Army, and puts in as many Men as he will
into the Fort ; fo as yet it is holden that Count Maurice muft be fain to dif^
lodge, and embark again for Holland-, having made Imall ufe of his Victory and
great Expence he hath been at, only la Berlotte is flain as he came to view the
Enemies Trenches. And fo till further occafion I commit you to God.

Tour very loving Freind,

HENRY NEVILLE.

T.S. Even now we have received Anfwer from xht Audiencer , whereby I
conceive the Treaty is broken, viz. That the King of Spain will not affent to
any Meeting, without the Trefeance be yeilded unto him. I thought good you
iliould know it, but ufe it as you fee caufe ; you may communicate it if you
will to the Duke de Bouillon if he be there, and fee if he will not take occafion
before it be throughly known, to fet a foot again the Motion I made for renew-
ing the Treaties between the ^teen and the French King. I fend to morrow
into England., to follicite my Leave to flep over thither when we have ended
here ; this laft Accident I fear will much difappoint my Hopes that way.

Sir

Book IV. Mr.WmwooDs Negotiation in France.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

Mr. Winwood, Bullotgne 13 J/z/y i^oo, O.S.

OU R Buifncfs is here at an end, upon the Rcalbn I wrote to you in my lad
of the 1 8t'i of this Month. I am not certain what fliall become of me, for
in the Letters from her Majcftie whereby we arc authorifed to return, the Per-
mifllon fecms to be retrained to thofe that were fcnt over purpofely for this Bnifnefs,
which Iccms to be exclufivc to me; But I have lent over vV/a"/:;^(?/ purpofely to
bring me fomc certain Relblution, and I make full account to go over. I have
received Anlvver from Mr. Secretary^ of that I wrote to him concerning you;
wherein hepromiles Allowance of 20 j. aDay, but for the other 10 j. he laith it
is not worth the moving the Qiieen ; fo it feems he mc.ins to lay it upon me,
which I am very well content with, and will fee it Ihall be duly anfwered you.
Diredions he hath fent me none for you, although I carnefliy prcft it, not fo much
as touching any Compliment to be done by you to the Tr'mcefs upon her Arri-
val, although I mentioned it particularly : Therefore I muft referr you to thofe
Generalities that we conferred of before your Departure, till my coming into
England:, and then I will not fail to urge and fend you a more perfecft Dire-
(Sion. For the prefent I would only add this, that you would inform your felf by
all means oi theS\)^m^\'DeJigns.,which no dotibt upon the Rupture,'w}ll be carried
on mainly againji our State, e/pecially in Ireland : And for that purpofe I would
be glad that you iliould fettle me fome good Intelligence, not only where we
fpake of at your Departure, but any where elfe, where you think it may be to
good purpofe; the Charge of it I referr unto you, I will perform what you pro-
mife, for I know it will be acceptable. We have a Bruit by fome Englijh fet at
liberty and come out oi S^ain^ that there are 80 Ships preparing at the Groine,
and 30 Galleys to come from Lisbon to joyn with them ; I pray you be diligent
to fift the truth of it; If you chance to fpeak with the King himfelf, he will
deal plainHeft with you. In Ireland our Affairs continue upon the mending
hand:, the Queen is determined to profcribe Tirone and to conferr his Earldom
upon Sir Arthur Oneale, who is come in, and hath declared himfelf openly a-
gainfl him: Divers others are ready to do the like. Her Majeftie is likewife re-
folved to deliver the young Earl o/Defmond out of the Tower, and to reftore
him to his Father's Title and Eftate, whereby it is conceived thatlSlnn^Qx will be
fpeedily redticed. Be carefuU I pray you to advertife the Proceedings between
the King and the Duke of Savoy, for it imports, and the Queen expedteth it
cheifly from you. My Lord Cobham and Sir Walter Rawleigh are returned, but
I hear their Journey was not altogether idle, nor upon Curiofity only, but that
they carried fome Mejfage which did no harm : the Particulars you fhall know
when I am better informed of them. I have received and fent the Paflport which
you required for John Norton. I pray you write often, though you hazard fome
Letters, for now they will be exceeding defu'ous in England to hear of your Pro-
ceeding in thofe Parts. I have ufed the Diredion you advifed me of in your
Letter by Mr. T acker for Conveyance of mine, and mean to continue it till you
advife me otherwife. Touching the abfurd and flanderous Surmife that the Sfa-
nijh Ambajfador hath againft me, I will not take any knowledge of it till I may
avow fome Author. I diftruft Colvel every Day more and more, I will quit my
felf of him. And fo till forae other Opportunity I commend me unto you, ^c.

Tour loving Freind,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Sir

232 Mf.WiT^^ooDs Negotiation inlrance. Book IV.

y^n. 1600.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

il/r.Winwood, Bulloigne, %^ July 1600. O. S.

OUR Buifnefs here is an End, as I have twice already written unto you.
The Spanijh Commifjloners went away yefterday, and we account to
Ship upon Tuefday or Friday. The Truth is for my part I account this aSiion
for dijfolved, altho' there be a vcrball Agreement among us, that it fliall conti-
nue in Dependance 60 Days, in which time the Queen is to refolve whither (if
the States will be induced to enter into the Treaty) Ihe will treat in fome Town
of Holland; or in cafe they refiife, in fome of the Archduke's Towns, as Bor-
boroug, IVinoxbergen, or any other which her Majefty will chufe: In both which
cafes, her Majefly fending into their Countrey, is of courtefy to have the Tre-
feance, and lb that point not to come in queflion at all. If ihe like of neither of
thefe, file is to propofe any other way that llie lliall think fit for the Continuance
of the Treaty. Now I fuppofe the Queen will accept of neither of thele two,
being in effeU to yeild the fame Toint of Honor-, which hath been all this while
debated; and befides, having been the cheif Subjed of yh. Edmonds's firft Nego-
tiation at Brujfels, and then dire^fly rejeEied by her : And for my own part, I
fee no other way how we can meet, but with the fame Difficulty, which hath
now feparated us, unlefs they will fend into England, which they abfolutely re-
fufe, therefore I conclude as before. Notwithftanding, we are willing for fome
Caufes to have it conceived otherwife, that partly by realbn of fome difficulty
grown about the Precedency, but cheifly to give both time and conveniency to
the Hollanders to refolve whither they would enter into the Treaty, having of
late difcovered fome Inclination unto it, it was propofed by the other Side, and
could not vi^ell be refufed by ours, to adjourn the Treaty for 60 Days, and in the
mean time a Place for the next Meeting to be agreed upon, which fliould be con-
venient for all Sides. But withall, if you find that the Opinion of our Breach
may the fooner imbark the King into the JVar with Savoy, you may confident-
ly tell him as of your felf, that the Proceeding hitherto hath fo diftafted her Ma-
jefty, as you are of Opinion ihe will not be drawn into any new Conference:
But if he be already entred into IFar, you fhall do well to turn your Language
clean the other way, and accermare, that the fnall JJfura^ice and Contentment
/he finds here, will enforce her in all reafon to provide for her Repofe a7td Safe-
ty fome other way ; at leaft to disburthen her felf of certain Enemies, feeing ffie
finds {o uncertain Freinds. And thereupon you may take occafion, to touch the
T>ifcontentment the Queen hath conceived of the late Arreft of the Privy Coun-
cil, which is like to cut off the cheif Trade of our Nation in this Realm ; and you
may very lerioufly urge cither the Revocation of it, or at leaft the fufpending of
the Execution for three or four Months, till there may be fome Conference had
of it, and his Council may be throughly informed of the wrong therein done to
the Amity and Treaties between the two Crowns. And if it be refufed, you may
direSily let fall fome Speeches, that the ^teen will be very fenfible of it, and
will be inforced, both in Honor and ^Policy, to make the like Reftraints upon the
Subje5is and Commodities of France, as this Arreft hath made upon thofe of
England. And that you may be the better avowed in the Sollicitation hereof^ I
fend you a Copy of the Council's Letter lately written unto me about it, and
likewife a Memorial fent me by the Merchants how they defire to have it qua-
lified ; which being compared with the Arreft, and the Difference noted, will
beft declare what they do particularly complain of And in the mean time whilft
you foUicit Ibme Order there for xh^ fufpending of it, I have adventured to write
to the Firfl Trefident of Rouen, to make fome ftay of it in that rejfort, till the
King's Pleafure may be further known; therefore I pray you be inftant in it, and
at leaft let us know what the King anfvvers. The Ambajfador hath been dealt
with in England about it, and hath made fair Promifes, as his manner is. The

Merchant's

Book IV. Mr. Win wood'j Ncgotiatio7i in France. 233

Merchant's Memorial fccms to be in the Manner of a Petition to the King, which An. 1600.
you may prclcnt cither to the King or to the Council. The Advocat who hath
cicaicin all theJc Caulcs tor our Nation, doth now follow the Court: You Ihall
do well to advilc with him about your Frocecding in this matter, and you may
cale your icif much by him, in the letting down of any Rcmonftrance that you
lliall think good to prcfcnt. I will caufe Orme to write unto him to afTJIl: you,
as you ihall need him, and to promiic him to latisfy him for his Pains: His
Name is Clernaux a little halting Fellow, that you have Iccn fometimes come
with Orme to me. You fhall do well to deal particularly with the Cbancelour
about it, and to make him capable of the P>.ea(bn of our Complaint; for it be-
longs chcifly unto him, and I think he carrieth the bcft Mind. As I wi(h you
fliould prolccute this Matter with fome Vehemency, fo '■jDOiddl tiot-, that you
Jhonld gi-ve them any caufe to difpair of the ^teen ; but that you Ihould en-
tertain them in that Conceipt, that out of her own conflant Nature /he will al-
ways be found ready to einhrace the King's Amity with all Sincerity, fo as Jhe
may find any real Correfpondency on his Tart ; otherwife reafon of State will
enforce her (thd agaiufi her Will) to bethink her felf of fime means., where-
upon jhe may build more afurance. And if at any time you chance to fall into
that Argument with the King, you may touch the incomfatabilitie between the
two Amities of Rome and England, and how hard a thing it will be to holdfajl
and fir it^- Alliance with both, and what caufe ofjealonfy it giveth to the ^leen,
to fee him combine himfelf fo much more ftri [fly with the l?ope, then any of his
Tredeceffors have done, confidering how implacable an Enemy he is unto her.
Hereupon it will be good to obfervfc very precifely what he will anfwer. For
the prefent this is all that o.ccurrs; when I come into England (whither I have
leave to return for a Motith) after I have had fome Speech with her Majefty and
Mr. Secretary, you fliall hear more from me.

For News we have is utterly nothing, that of Ireland I wrote you in my laft.
Count Maurice is rifen from before the Fort Ifabella, and hath taken down his
edge for any more Adtion this Year, as it is fuppofed. The King of Scotland \5
upon the Borders with fome Strength, pretending to do Punifliment upon fome
, Famihes there, who lately flew Carmichill one of the Wardens of the Marches:
Hereupon my Lords JVilloughby and Scroop are fent down to their Charges, but
nothing elfe done that I hear of Sir Anthony Tawlet is dead, and Mr. Secretary
engaged for Sir Walter Ravjleigh, referving his Favour to me in fomewhat elfe.
Write I pray you as often as you may, and let me know what Letters of mine
you receive. And fo, ^c.

Tour very loving Freind,

HENRY NEVILLE.

The Lords of the Pri-vy Council to S'lr Henry Neville.

FTER our hearty Commendations to your Lordfliip. We have feen a
^ ^ '^<^cree and Edi5l fet forth by order of the French King, for the reftrayn-
mg^nd confifcation of Cloth that iliall be ftretcFd upon the Tenters, in which
Decree there are contained fuch ftridt Obfervations and Points, as are not poffi-
ble to be performed by the Merchants, and the fame feemeth to be conceived in
luch Ibrt rather to barr and banijh altogether our Engliili Cloths out of France,
then to reform the Abufes that are fometimes committed in fir etching too far,
or infalfe making of Cloths; whereupon our Merchants that trade thither, have
prefented unto us certain Articles, both for the avoiding of the Frauds and Abufes
committed, and qualifying the extremity and rigour of the EdiB, which are
agreeable to former Orders taken there, (as they inform us) and are publickly
fet up in the Hall at Roi'ien, where the Cloths are fold. Forafmuch as this Mat-
ter doth greatly concern both the Merchants that trade thither, and the venting

O o o of

2 34- ^Ir. Win woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1600. of that Commodiry, by which divers poor People are fet on Work, her Majefty
'w^-V""^^-' hath given us Diredion earneftly to recommend this Caufe unto you, as Matter
of good Moment, and to require you in her Highnefs's Name to deal efTecftually
with the French King and his Council, for the repealing and revocation of this
late Edi5i, and to admit and allow the Articles offered by the Merchants, being
agreeable to the former Orders ratifyed and fet down by the French King and
his Council, and fuch as (being duly obferved) will meet with all the fuppofed
Abufes in the ftretching or falle making of Cloths. This Caufe is to be follow-
ed with j^<?tf<s^ Gzr^, Injiance, and EffeSf, that the lajf Edi£i may be revoked,
otherwife the Trade of our Merchants into that Kingdom with our Cloths will
be quite overthrown, which is the only Commodity vented thither out of this
Realm, and as you know, thofe things which are brought from thence are of
luperfluous Ule, and that might well be fpared for the moft part. Therefore
praying you to effed: this Matter with earned Care, and to certify unto us what
Relblution the King doth take therein, we bid your Lordlhip heartily farewell.
From the Court at Greenwich the 10* of July 1600.

Tour Lordjhzfs loving Freinds,

Tho. Egerton, C.S.

Tho. Buckhurst. Nottingham. G. Hunsdon.

W. Knollys. Ro. Cecyll. J. Fortescue.

il/r. Winwood to ^ir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable my very good Lord, Lyons 31 July 1600. O. S.

PARTING from your Lordfliip's Houfe at Tar is upon Friday the 18* of
this Month, I arrived at this Town the Sunday fe'nnight after. I found
not commodity tp Ipeak with Monfieur de Villeroy before Tuefday Morning,
who when he had read your Lordlliip's Letter, Avhich I delivered with fuch
Complements as I thought moll convenient, he faid I was welcome, and {o ihould
be to him whenfoever I lliould have occafion to ufe him, and then asked me if I
had any thing then to lay. I faid that your Lordiliip not having the Happinels
to be here your felf, to do that Service to the King which your affed:ionate De-
votion did defire, and the Quality of your Place required, had fent me to attend
at the Court to receive his Majeftie's Commands, and his in like Sort: I prayed
him to advertife the King of my coming, and of my continual Attendance, which
by Commandment was enjoyned me from your Lordfliip; which he promifed to
do, and then ask'd me again if I had any thing more to fay : That queftion rei-
terated, implied, as much as I conceived, as tho' he wilhngly would be rid of me;
I thought it not fit to enforce any thing on him whereof he made no iliew to be
willing to hear, and therefore not finding him either to enquire of your Lord-
lliip's Health, or how you were accommodated in that place, or when it was
likely you would return to this Court, for fear to be troublefome to him, taking
my leave I departed.

Now it may pleafe your Lordlhip to underftand how the Affaires of Savoy
have pafled fince your Departure from Tar is. About the end oijune, Prefident
Barlietta (who is dcOicd^iiho^ oi TarantaifeJ in his Audience of the King,
* propoled that the lyuke was willing to ferform the Exchange cojitained in the
Treaty, fo he would be content to remit Tignerol. The King anfwered, that
he would not alter one Letter of the Treaty ; whereupon he lent Diredion to

* The Duke's Conduft in this Affiir was perteftly agreeabk ro what Cardinal d'Offat had foretold.

vol. 3. p. 054. Ceux qui mieux cogno'iffenr le Nature! de M. de Savo'ye tiennent qu'il n accomplira point dans le tewf$ prefix
lun ni L autre des deux partis par hiy promis, cr qui fera tout ce qu'il fourra pour obtenir de -vofire Majefte
fotts divers pretextes prolongsment du Terme, &c. And his Refledion upon this Tranfaclion is extreamly
Vol. 4. p. 49, ^ ^' "' '^"'^ eji vrai, (Hiys he to M Villeroy.J ne cro-yezpas pourtam qu'il ait aucune volonte de le refii-

50. 'r^' J T "^ ^"* atlcndex. pas del avoir que par Fore-'. Mais ne pou-vant flits entreteair le Roi fur la genera-

lite dejes remifes o" defaites. rjy h,i etant force de faire quelqne declaration fur I't-tn de ces deux partis, defquels
tl ne vettt accomplir ni l'ti» ni I autre ; il s'eft pris a, cetui ci, comme a celui qiti eft pnir lui faumir flus ample
matiere de nouvelles cauielles er tergiverfaiions, &c.

his

~N_y

Book IV. Mr.Vv^imvooDsNcgoti^itionmVrince. 235

his Agent in Savoy, Monficur ^e Beruy (Brother to Monfieur de S'dkryJ to An. 1600,
prcfs the 'Duke to the Performance of" the 'Treaty. Monficur de Berny received -/
this Anlwcr from the "Duke, that he was determined to fend the Marquis de LuL-
lyn to the King, by whom he Ihould receive all good Satisfodion. The Marquis
de Liillyu came, accompanied with Roncas the Secretary : He dcUvered to the
King, that whereas by virtue of the Treaty it was in the Duke's Option either
to render the Marqu'tfat or to make the Exch.wge, the "Dtike was rejokicd to
render the Marqu'tfat; which he would do, but with this Condition, that the
Tropriety only Jhoiild remain to the King, the Vfnfrn^, to his Son, who Jhould
acknowledge the Sovcrainty thereof to the Crown of France. The King took
this Propofition in 7nuch fcorn, and fo asked the Marquis if this were all he
had to fay, who anjhered, it was ; then faid the King, you may depart when
you will: Upon this the King gave commandment for levying of Men, and for
provifion accordingly for the War. The Amba.jfadors (?/■ Savoy perceiving the
King to be in earned, inrrcated Patience for a few days, promifing that they
would fend Roncas to the T^uks, by whom they would imploy the befl: of their
Endeavours that the King might receive Contentment. Roncas goes, and with-
in eight Days returns, brings Letters to the King that the "Duke would ahfolutely
render the Marquifat, but firft it was to be accorded of the mariner and form
of rendring of it, to which purpofe he had fent full Power and Authority to his
Arabafladors to treat with any who ihould be warranted with li.ke Power from
the King, promifing folemnly to ratify what his faid ArabaHadors fliould con-
clude. It was. long d.\^^\xx.Qd who Jhould firf render, at lad it was agreed the
T) like foould firft, and the King jhould give four Ho fl ages to perform the like on
his part. The Hoftages were thefe, Count de Tournon, Count de Suze, Mon-
fieur de Morgues, and Monfieur de Monglat, Brother to Monfieur de Zancie.
When all was concluded, the Ambajfadcrs of Savoy refufed to fi n the Treaty^
faying that altho' they had full Power and Authority to conclude and determine,
yet they would not in refpe£t of Duty, but firft advertize their Prince of their Pro-
ceeding, and therefore intreated the King with favour to fuiFer them to fend Ron-
cas to the 'Duke, with advertifement of what was pafi^ed, who fliould return
within five Days. Roncas departed the xi'"'^ of this Month: Upon this the King
advertifed all his Governours of Peace with Savoy, whereupon he did fo firmly
build, that he fent prefcntly forwards three Companies of Swifs and two of Ar-
quebufiers, with Monfieur de Tajfage Governour of Valenza, (whom he hath
deftinated long fince to be Governour of the Marquifat,] to the Frontiers, to be
ready to take PofTeflion thereof when it fliould be rendred. On Saturday, which
was the zf^i^ Roncas returned not, he was expected all Sunday. On Monday
Morning arrived a Courrier from Savoy with Letters to the King, requefting three
Days refpite longer for the Return of Roncas,. and three Weekes/ir the Reftitu-
tion of the Marquifat. All that Morning the King was in Council, where it
was concluded without longer delay to enter into the War. Marefchal de Biron
before Dinner fet forward to his Government in Borgogne, 'Wion(\t\i.x Lefdiguieres
in the Afternoon into T)auphine, and upon Tuefday the Duke of Guife wenr in-
to Trovence. Upon Monday in the Afternoon the Ambaffadors oi Savoy prefTed
for Audience, and intreated forbearance for 15" Days longer. The King anfwer-
ed he would go to the Comedy, (for here are certain Italian Comedians where he
pafleth the Afternoons with much Contentment, attended on by the four
Secretaries of State, and the reft of the Nobility.) It is thought the King
will divide this Army, which will confift of 20006 Men, into two Parts, fo
that Marefchal de Biron fliall befeige Bourg, and Monfieur Lefdiguieres iliall
go into Tiedmont, by the "Valley of Barcellonette. Before thefe Letters. can
come to your Lordfhip the War will ajfuredly be begun., unlefs Romas re-
turn, ratifying the lafl accord, which fome hope, and fome fear, as their par-
ticular AffeBions do carry them. I cannot particularly inform your Lordfliip
of the Forces oi Savoy, he hath reinforced all his Frontiers, and llrongly guard-
ed the Paffages; he continues his defperate Refolution, protefing openly to be

cut

^3^ Alr.WiNwooD s Negotiation infvs.ncQ. Book IV.

j^u. 1600. cut in an hundred Telces before he will voluntarily render the Mar qui fat ; and
now Monfieur de Villeroy doth acknowledge, that he hath frotefted as much to
him at his being at Paris. There is yet no Proof of any apparent Affiflance from
Sfain. In the Dutchy oi Milan and Kingdon; of A'^^/f J- there is both a Lew
of Men and Contribution of Money, both to be imployed by the Commandment
of Count Fuentes^ of whofc certain Arrival I cannot write, (though in this Court
it is faid, he is arrived,) for by Letters from Genoa of the 19^^ of this Month,
S.N. it is averred, that he is 2it Barcellona-, taking care how and where to land
his Men, which are not 4000, amongft whom the Plague is fufpeded, and
therefore the Genouefs refufe to fiiffer them to land there; and wherelbever
they land within their Territories, they will impoie a Quarantine upon them,
not to flir out of the Lazaretto before forty Days be expired. It is not belei-
ved he brings more Treafure with him then 5 or 600000 Crowns.

The King hath lately fentMonfieur deFicBuother to theGovcrnour o£ Calais to
refide AmbafHidor with the Suifes, upon the Death of Monfieur Morfontaine
there. He doth carry with him 15-0000 Livers, to give Satisfaction to forae Par-
ticulars there, the refl which was ordained for them, (whereof 600000 Livers is
in this Town) muil now be employed in this War. I have faluted (iz6 re-
iped;) the Ntn^xX^xiAmhcjfador^ in fuch form as your Lordiliip commanded me,
he arrived here but the Night before me: Upon Sunday he vifired (diftruft)
Monfieur Villeroy, who affured him, that fince the Defeat which fdejperationj
the Infanta had received, (ixo hope) the States are about (== 230) a Treaty
with (00 i2i) the SpaviJhTrovinces at Bergen op Zome. Upon Sunday Sen-
night (128 Spiall) the States Agent took Poft from hence to Taris, the Fotir-
riers have affigned me his Lodging, but I will not accept of it. The King oroes
on Thtirfday to Grenoble, whither I think to follow, for he will flay fome time
there, though the Body of the Council flir not from hence. If the War go for-
ward, the King will neither go to Marfeilles nor to Avignon, but attend his
Queen here in this place, who is not looked for before 'NiiA-OSlober. I left the
Conjiable at Togues, who is not yet arrived to this Town. The Duke of Bou-
illon is in Tnrene, for whom the King hath fent three feverall times. The Duke
o£ Savoy hath diis^r^ctdiChevaHer Breton, and fent him at length to his Houfe.
I will not at this rime be more troublefome to your Lordfliip, fo humbly kifling
your Hands I refl:

Tour Lor djhifs, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Reiponce faide par les Deputez Articles neceflairesde trader pour

du Roy aux Articles prefentees I'execution de I'accord faid: a

par eulx du dit Seigneur Due Paris prefentees par les Depu-

de Savoye. > tez de Monfeigneur le Due de

Savoye.

I ^ L

1 E Roy a fai£i ele£iion du Seignieur pRemierement plaira a fa Majejie

^ du Paffaige pour commander au nommer le Governeur qu'elle en-

Marquifat de Saluces en qualite de tend mettre au Marqttifat de Saluces,

Lieutenant an gouvernement d'icelluy, pour en donner promptement advis a

comme perfonne que Monfieur le T>ttc fon Altejfe, pour fg avoir silferra de

de Savoye n'a point occafion de tenir la qualite port ee par le dit accord.
pour fon ennemy, partant 71' ef befoign
de retarder la conclufion du prefent
trai£fe pour attendre fur I' advis dudit
Seignieur 'Due.

II. EJlant

Book 1 V. Air Win woodV Negotiation iti France. 237

^^ I^- y^n. 1600.

^h ft ant impojjible de donuer ordre^ Secondemcnt de convevir datemps^ -^-V--^
^ fa'ire, que la reft I Hit ton des dites dujonr, de lu remijjion des places qui
places fuit fai[i^ en mejme temps de fc doibvent rcndre rcciproqiiemem., kS
part ^ d^ autre, a caujc de l\ftoigne- desCommifaires qui feroiit dcpntez de
meut des lieux, GJ^ autres raiftms qui part ^ d'aultre, pour la reception H-
ont efle rcprejentees. Sa Majefte de- celles.
mande que le dit Seignieur T>uc rcndc
tonte celles qu'il a promts de reftltuer
par le 'J rattle de 'Paris ; 5y qti'il com-
mence par la Ville & Chateau de Car-
magnole, & qn'il face auffy demolir le
Fort de Bcchedauphin, % fa Majefte
ofre pour la fenrete de la rcmife de
celles qu'elle luy doibt rendre, outre fa
foy que fa Majefte y engager a, & a
laquelle ne vouldroit aucunement manc-
quer, de batller audit Seignieur T)uc
4 Oft ages, af^ avoir Mefjieurcs deCon-
rc de Tournon, de Grillon maitre du
Camp du Regiment de fes gardes, de
Monglat foH premier maitre d'boftel,
& de Morgues, laquels feront mife en-
tre les mains du dit Seignieur T)uc, ou
de celluy qu'il commeSira pour les re-
cepvoir, aii mefme temps que lefdites
ville & Chafteau de Carmagnolle fe
rendront, pour y demeurer jufques a
ce que fa dite Majefte ait fait refti-
tuer aux Commiffaires de fon Altejfe,
toutes les places qiielle luy doibt ren- '
dre par le Trai6i^ de Paris ; laquelle
reftitution fa dite Majefte commencera
par le Pont de Baulx, bui£i jours apres
que celle que le dit Seignieur T)uc doibt
faire fir a execute-^ Et huiSi jours a-
pres, Uentiere reftitution des places que
doibvent eftre renduh a fon Altejfe^
fera accomplie'^ parachevee. Et auf-
fy toft que toutes les villes auront efte
r endues de part ^ d' autre, feront mi-
fe en liberte lefdits Oftages, lefquelz
pendant le temps qn'ilz demeureront
es mains dudit Seignieur 'Due, ferront
trai6ie's comme il convient a perfonnes
de leur qualite. Mais fa Majefte en-
tend que la dite Ville & Chafteau de
Carmagnolle s'ejfeBue, fans aucune re-
mife ou longuear, foubs quelque caufe
ou pretext e que fe foit, au plus tard le
lendemain de V affumption de noftre
dame^ aff avoir le 16 jour du mots aA-
ouft prochain.

III. , III.

Sa Majefte ne pojfede point les Bal- Pour le regard des Balliages de Gex
liages de pex ^ de Galliard. . ^ de Galliard fa Majefte s'en departira

P p p ©

Mr.W LnwooDs Negotiation //zTrance. Book IV:

^ en laijferd lajouijfance flame & li-
tre, comme aufaravant la guerre.

IV.

Fault au(Jy convenir de la quantity
d' art tiler id mi il flair a au Roy fe con-
tenter Iny ejlre rem'tfe en efpece, & de
celle qtiil hiy flair a recepvoir le paie-
ment en argent., @ a. quel prix, com-
me aujfy de celle qiCil liiy plaira grati-
fier fon Alteffe.

IV.

Sa Majejie dejirant faire cognoijire

audit. Seigneur 'T)uc, la volonte qn'elle

a de le, gratiffier, fe contentera, que

la moitie de toute I' Ar tiller id tant de

Canons, demy Canons, quart de Canons,

qiiautres Teices avec les deux Collou-

rines contemies aux trois Inventaires

que luy out ejle reprefentee par les T>e-
' putes diidit Seignieur ''Due, lefquelz

ont efie certifiez & Jignezpar ceux de

fa Majefte & par eux foient fourniez

& livrees a fa Majejie en luy rejiitu-

ant les Villes. Tourveu que ladite Ar-

tillerie ne foit gdjlee ny ojfenfee, avec

3 oooo Livres de poulare bomte a Canon^

^ooo Balles a Canon, 1500 Balks a

demy Canon, y^opour quart de Canon,

& avec 75-0 pour Collourines. ^oy

que faifant ledit SeignieurT)uc demeu-

rerd defchargd par la remife que fa

Majejie -luy en faiB, de fa bonne vo-
' lonte, de refte de ladite Artillerie,

*Poudre, Balles, & Munitions, qu'efoi-

ent en grande quantite atix Villes de

Marquifat, qiiand ily eji entre.

V.^ ^ ' . ^•

Le Traicte faiEi a ^aris fera con- Finahlement fauldra renouveller le
firme par celluy, qui fera prefentement compromis a ja fainBete pour juger
faiSi. ' dans trois ans des differ entes de par-

ties a la ferme dudit accord.

VI. VI.

^ejlat des injjeudations ejiant repre- Tour le regard des Infeudations
fente a fa Majejie, elle declarera fa fai£fes par fon Altejfe audit Marqui-
volonte fur ice lies. fat, fa Majefte fera fuppliee de les ap-

prouver, 't§ d'en laijfer jou'ir les pof

fejfeures.

VII. VII.

// ne fera rien enterprife ny innoue Tendant qu'il fe traiSiera de I'exe-
de part & d'aultre, pendant que I'exe- cut ion dudit accord, il ne fe fera att-
ention du prefent accord fe fera. Mais cune innovation, ^ cejferont tous aiies
d'autant que les dep7itez dudit Seigneur d'hoftilitd, de part ^ d' autre.
T>uc ont faidi difficulte de les figner,
qu-e fotibs le bon plaifr dicelluy, a efte
par eux accorde ^ promis, en cas que
le dit Seigneur T>uc approve bon Vac-
cord felon fa forme & teneur, qu'il fe-
ra promptement delivre au Seigneur de
Bernay, Refident pour les Af aires de
fa Majefte pres de luy, les Tajfeports
dudit Seigneur T>uc necef aires pour la

feurete

Book IV. Mr.WimvooDs Negotiation in'Erance. 239

fenrcte du pajfa^e SJ achemment jnf- /i j^

ques en li Ville de Carmagnole tant des
Compaiguecs SouyfTcs, @ tons mitres
qiC'il fault que fa d'lte Majeft^ erivqyd
audit Mar qui fat t & anx antres places
que led it Seigneur T)uc doibt rendre d
fa Majefd pour les reccpvoir & entrer
en icelles, que pour les 4 Of ages, &
leur fuitte & Baggage, afin qu'ilz fe
puifent acheminer auxdits lieux fans
aulcune retardemenf, pour s'y ponvoir
rendre & trouver a temps pour entrer
en la dite Ville de Carmagnollc le fuf
dit xG'^^jonr d'Aouf, qn'elle doibt efire
rendne avec le Chafteau. Et advenant
que ledit Seigneur "Due face refus d'a-
gr^er ledit accord, pareillement lefdits
T>eptitez ont promis & accorde a fa
Ma^efd qn'elle en fera adverti dans
huiSi jours a compter d'en celluy, que
les prefentes Articles ont efte fignez.
Et d'avantage qiCilfera bailie uu Vajfe-
port diidit Seigneur T)iic audit Seig-
neur de Bernay, pour envoyer un Coiir-
rier en 'Dauphine vers le Sieur Defdi- '
guieres pour Padvertir dudit refus, -
afin qtiil donne ordre que lefdits Com-
paignees SuifTes ® autres avec les
Of ages ne pafferent oultre. Et d'au-
tant que les 'T)eputez dudit. Seigneur
T>uc, depnis que lefdits. Articles ont
efte efcriptes, ont faiEi difficulte de les
Jigner, mefnes foiibs le bon plaifir du-
dit Seignieur 'T>uc, comme il avoit efte
hier advife, fa Majefte declare, que
comme ils ne veullent eftre obligez de
leur part, elk n'entend auffy eftre obli-
gh d aiicune chofe, & ft dans le cin-
qmeme jour d'Aouft prochain fa Ma-
jefte na affeiirance de la refolution dtt
dit Seigneur "Due fur le continu aux
prefentes Articles, aux que Iz fadite
Majefte ne veult changer aucune chofe,
qiiil luy puijfe eftre reprefentee ; elle
pourvoira d fes a-ff aires, comme elle
verra bon eftre.

Faid a Lyon le so^ne Juillet \6qo.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable, &c. Lyons 3<i Aug. 1600. O. S.

IN my Letters of the laft of July, (fmce which time I received yourLordihip's
of the 18* of the fame, for the which I give you many and humble Thanks,)
1 related fummarily all that hath pafTed concerning this matter of the Marqui-

fat

240 Mr.WmwooDS Negotiatio7i in France. Book IV.

An. i6oo.fat fince your Departure iromTaris^ with the Refolution which theKinge hath
taken to make JVarr upon the 7Juke, therbie to enforce him to render him his
Right. The Kinge yet holdeth that Determination, though with that Coldnefs
cf proceeding in a matter wherin his Honor is fo deeply engaged, that every Man
doth take notice, that Peace fhali be welcome unto him, whenfoever and howfo-
ever it jfliall come : For he Hvtle thought that the Duke of Savoy would io willful-
ly have flood out, but ever hoped, when all ihould faile, that th' only Counte-
nance of ralTembling his Men ofWarre, would have reduced him to better Rea-
fbn. But now well perceiving how far his Judgment hath ben abufed, and that
either he muft quit his Right with Dilhonour and Difadvantage, or enter into a
frefii and a tedious Warre ; they which lately have had Audience and Conference
with him, do acknowledge, that they find him much confufed and perplexed in
Mind, and that Sliarpnels and Vigour of Spirit, which in his Countenance was
Wont to appeare, much abated. Be it- that he fees thofe Deflignes, which he hath
plotted to folace the reft of his Days with Pleafure and Delight, now in tei mes
to be altered to Travailes and T>ifages, or that he and the ^leen being upon Treaty
of Peace with Spalne-^ and the States enclining liJcewife to an Accord, he mull
enter as it were into a duello with the King of Spaine^ only relying upon the
Forces of his own People, whofe AfTediious his Conicience doth tell him (efpe-
. cially of his trueft and mofl fairhfull Subjeds) have jufl: caule to be eflranged
from him : Or that he fees * by thofe late Attempts lately difcovered againft bis
'Perjbn, and every Day in danger to be renewed, his Life lead aiTured, when in
reafbn he premmed he lliould be mofl fecure: For fince his coming to this
Town, he hath had Intelligence that two fliould purpofely arrive hither to take
away his Life : Whereupon the Gates of this Town have been extraordinarily
guarded, neither can any enter, without Enquiry firft made of his Quality, and
Place from whence he comes, neither can he lodged without a Bolletin from the
Keepers of the Gate where firfl he entred. And fince again he hath received Let-
ters, that the 14^'^ and i5*of this Month he Jhould have about him his trujlieft
and beft approved Servants. Thofe Prelages are likewife revived that he fhould
not pafs this or the next Month. If that Speech which Monfieur de la Fay e had
with yourLordfliip be true, it is no marvaile that thele Fancies pofl^efling his Mind
do much trouble and difcontent him. But that which makes moft Men believe
that if any convenient Conditions be offered from Savoy they will be here ac-
cepted, is, becaufe the Ambaffadors of both fides remain as before, neither is
order given for the revoking of the one, or fending away of the other. Befides,
the Tatriarch hath been looked for here thefe three Days; and on Friday., as
the King was at the Comedy, there arrived in Pofl: a Cordelier from him with
Letters, intreating that he would have Patience, without advancing the Warre
any further, until his coming, excufing the Indifpofition of his Body, unable to
make greater hafte. The King hath amgned thtfatriarch to find him at Greno-
ble, towards whence he went yefterday. He promifed this Town to touch the
Sick as this Day, but two Days fince it was proclaimed by Sound of Trumpet,
that thofe that would be touched lliould be at Grenoble upon Tuefday, which is
the AfTumption of our Lady. Monfieur de Villeroy is gon with the King, and
the reft of the Council follow after upon ff^ednefday. It is not improbable that
this Negotiation of the Patriarch's may breed fbme Alteration, and move the
King to flay his hand, for both Marcfchal de Biron being in the Feild with his
Troops in Brejfe, and Monfieur Le/diguieres inSavoy, (who hath made already
certain ScorcerieJ either he prefumes much of his own Eloquence, or els he will
bring the King Satisfaition in that point which he fo much defires.

Monfieur le Grand upon Tuefday next doth fet forward towards Florence, by
whom the Kinge doth fend a 'Procuration addreffed to the Great 1)uke, authori-
zing him thereby to cfpoufe the Trincefs his Neice, in the King's Name: For

* Lettrcs d'ojfat, Vol. 4 p 31^,37. Fe Serres in his Invent aire f. 934. gives a particular Account of this
Attempt upon the lung's Perfor,

, it

Bdok IV. Alr}N iKwooDs Negotiation i?ilx3.nce. 241

'it is not held honorable, nor perhaps fafe for her to fiir from her home to feek An. 1600.
her HnsbancU before Jhe be affhred that Jhe is a Wife. So the Duke of Alva ._/
cfpoiilcd FJiz,abeth Daughter to Henrj/U. at Taris, in the Name of the King of
Spa'ine: And the now Qiiccn oi Spaine woi^s, likcvvife marncd -f at Ferrara by
'Proxic, before (lie arrived into Spaiite. But of her coming there is little or no-
thing fpoken, which Will not be before Otiobcr. Monficur de Roqnelaure is fent
to ^Par'is to haften the Carqnan., whereof there hath been lo much fpeech ; and
to give order to the Lddies, to be ready to come hither by the end of this Month.
T do not undcrftand of above three of any great ^lality that are appointed to
come; they arc the DuchefTe of iV^;?w/^rj-, the Marqitile of Pi/S;/i, and the Wife
'of A^onfieur de Leon-Cottrt le premier PrcHdcnt.

For the Marquife de Verjtueil, though the King cannot vific her in Perfbn as
he defires, by reafon of theleunexpedcd Troubles for Preparation for thcWarre,
yet there palTeth not one Day, wherein he doth not fend in poll to her.

Whiles I was writing, I received your Lordlhip's Letters of the x-i^o^July^
for tlie which I humbly kilTe your Hands. To all that h^.ve queftion'd with me
whether the Treaty oi Bullolgne would take place or noe, I have ever made this
Anfwcr, That if that point of Trefeancie -were accorded, yt was likely all 0-
ther 'Difficulties would be well accommodated, but t her in herMajeJiie was re-
folved to do her Honor no greater wrong then to fiihnit her f elf to an Eqnali-
tie, which for the general Good of Chriftendome, and the Repofe of her Sub-
jects, flie would be contented to accept; but if nothing would fatisfie the King
of Spaine but the Trefeancie, the Treat ie there woitld end, without further
"Difpute.

Monfieur de Bellingham, the Day before the King departed, iliewed me a Let-
ter from Monfieur i^fi- i^«'///>' of the \^^ oi Augufi, S.N. wherein he laith, that
'the Treaty is broken, and that there happened Ibme Picque between your Lord-
iliip and Don Balthazar de Xunega.

•' Upon the Receit of your laft Letter, I did communicke to Monfieur deRof-
" ny (who did tarry in this Towne after the King) howe the Treaty was bro-
'" ken, and upon what Point. He tooke it kindly from your Lordihip, that it
*' would pleas you to imparte it unto him, and faid, that nowe the King of
''■' Spayne, which way ioever he wold turn himfelf, fliould find more Worke
" then he fliould be well able to performe." I purpofe likewife at my coming
to Grenoble (whether God willing I go to morrow in port) to communicate as
much to Monfieur de Villeroy. I can now afllire your Lordihip, that Count
Fuentes is not arrived, nether is it knowen when he will arrive, though fifteen
Dayes fince the King was adve'rtifed that he was at Geneva. By Letters from
Milan the lail oijuly, S.N. we under'ftand that there is an Ambaflador arrived
there who goes to refide with the Duke of Savoy, and with him there arrived
'Don Giovan Mendoza, who in thefe laft Warres in Savoy had a cheefe Com-
maund there.

I have lately fpoken with the Secretary oi Florence, who did then communi-
cate to me his Advertifements out oiSpayne. They give notice of Ibme Prepa-
rations of Gallies for fome Enterprize againft the Turke, in revenge of thofe
Spoiles which Cigala hath freflilie made upon the Coaft of Sicily and the King-
dom of Naples ; but they fpeak nothing of any great Vefi^ells. Yt is aflured,
that the Plague is greatly mLisbone, Sevill, and many other Port Townes,
whereby Count Fuente's Men did gett their Infection. Further they fay, that
the G^ieen of Spayne goes in Pilgrimage to thofe Saints, which Woemen who de-
fire de far figlivoli^ do moll adore.

I will not be wanting in any diligence, to fift out the Truth of thefe Prepara-
tions ; both by him, and thofe Marchants who trade in thofe Parts. In the o-
ther point alfo, I will do what poffibly I may ; though I find nothing more hard
then to effed it to purpofe, nor nothing wherin one may more eafily be abufed.

■j- Metnoires dc Bentivo^iio, Vol, l.

242 Mr.Wiii'^ooDs Negotiation intrancc. Book IV.

ji^fi. 1600. As I was ready to lliut up this Letter, there arrived a Counier to Monfieur
ile h Giiiche Govcrnour of this Tovvne, with Newes, that the Marefchal Bir07i
hath taken yefterday in the Afternoone theTowne oiBourg-, which is alfeuredly
true, as Monfieur cie Rhofny doth advow. This is the firll Blowe, which doth
light heavie upon the Inhabitants, for the Towne was well peopled and full of
many rich Marchants, and Men of other Trades. But the Cltadelle will hold
play long, being ftrong by Nature, and ftrong by Art, as taken to be the third
of Euroj^e, and ftrongly furnillied with Men and Munition.

If my Letters be fo happy as lafely to arrive to your Lordfliip, my Dilligence
in often writing Ihall juflifie it Iclf I find no furer means, nether for Letters
nor for Exchange, then at the firfi:. I rely entirelye upon yiv.Secretarie's Hon-
nour, that he v^'WijuJiify what I delivered to your Lordlhip for my Provifion, for
to my remembrance, I delivered it in ij>Jis term'inis as I receaved it. So recom-
mending my Service to the Continuance of your Lordfliip's Favour, I reft

Tour Lordjh'ifs In T^nety to be commanded,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwpod to Str Henry Neville.

Right Honorable, Grenoble, <)'^^Aiig.\6oo. O. S.

IN my laft fromiyytf/zj- of the 3^^ of this Moneth, I advertifed of the King's De-
parture from thence to this Towne, where tht'Fatriarche was aHigned to
meet him ; of Monfieur le Grand's, going to Florence, and of the * taking of
Bourg by Marefchal Biron ; which Towne was entred at the Gate by Force of the
'Petard, and within, much Butin and Spoile made by the Soldiars ; for the In-
habitants of the Towne had not leafure to retire their Goods into the Citadelle,
infomuch that the Cotrnt Major, who was Governour thereof, and of all Brejfe,
was forced to quit his Foot-Clothe, which was afterwards taken and prefented to
M. Biron. Since which time he hath taken certaine Forts and Pamges there-
abouts, and now intendeth to blok the Citadelle, rather then to batter it, which
wold eat up time at leaft for three Monechs. Yt is faid that the King hath pro-
mifed him Brejfe in feiido, acknowleging the Souveraingtie from theCrowne of
France, wherof if the King prove his Words, he doth purpofe to bear the Name.
He fent hither upon T'weufday four Enfigns, and two Cornets, which were ta-
ken there, to be prefented to the King, who arrived here upon Sonday Night.
Upon Twenfday Morning he touched the Sick-: In the Afternoone the Tatri-
arche had Audience, who as it feemed, had not much more to faie,- then that he
perjwaded the King to Teace, and to accept fitch Capitulations as the \ 'Duke of
SnYoy with fiifetie might make him. The King's Anfwear was fliojrt, " That
" his proceeding with the Duke of Savoy in this matter of the Marquifat,
*' would be a fufficient Teftimonie howe much he affedred the Confervation of
" Peace, and howe loath he was to enter into a neweWarre ; wherin he was not
" lb far advanced, but that he would accept reafonable Conditions ; but the Duke
" of Savoy was iibt' to think that he was bound now to perfourme either the
" Treaty at Paris, ox the latter ^xLyons; for fince, he had desbourfed a great
" Summe of Mony, to the valew of 15-0000/. Which he did expedi fliould be
" rembourfed by him, who had. enforced him to that Charge." He then refer-
red him to his Counlaill, of whom he faid he fjiould; receive Rcafon. That Even-
ing the King fet forward towards his Army, and bath carried Monfieur deVilleroy
with him; at his Departure he gave in c\xiiX^Q x.oxk\tPatriarche, that during his
Aboad here, he fliould fee that Monfi,eur de Veiidofine did hear Mafl'e every Morn-
ing. Upon Thurfday the ^^^r/W^'^ departed hen,ce towards Zj/tf/^j-, as I think.

Memoires ^e Due Je Sull); Tom. i f>. 287, iS8, iSp, f Serres Hijhire de Trar.ce, Tol. 937.

rather

Book IV. Mr.WiN vvooD^i' Negotiation in France. 243

rather to fpcak with the AmbalTudors of Savoy, who yet rcmaine there, then to An. i6oo,
confer winli the Counfaill, who the Day before did purpofc to fet forwards to-
wards this Townc.

The Day after the King went from Lyons, theMarquis Lnllin icnttotheChan-
cellour for a Tajport to dcjurtc. The Chancellour anfwered, that he had no
Aurhoritic to give him a "Pajport, but he wold advertize the King of his Rcqucft.
Xhc Marquis replyed, that he wold willingly depart bccauic he dowbted his
Saftie, wherof the Chancellour wiflied him to relt afTured for his owne Perfon
and for his Followers.

*MonricLir de Lcfdigiiicres hath taken the Townc of Movtmelian% there was
not above one Man flayne, nor one Houlc pilled. The Count de Brandis Go-
vernour of the Towne, betook himfelfe to the Cittadelle, which they purpofe
|ike\vi(e to blok, by being otherwife almofl: impregnable.

The Army, which nowe they call Royall becaufe of the King's Prefence,
(though it hardly confifts of 6000 Foocc, and 300 HorJe,) hath been before
Chambery thefe five Dales: The King lodged in the Fanxbonrghi's upon Thirf-
day Nighr. The Towne is not able to hold out; but for their prefent Honour,
and their Safetie hereafter, (for fear they fliould come to an after reckoning with
the Duke,) they will not yeald before they fee the Cannon ; yet Monfieur de Vil-
lergy told Monfieur de GiacoP, (who is in the Towne, and in Difgrace with the
1>uke,) that if they enforce the King to bring the Canon, he wold not after re-
ceave them to Mcrcie; f fo upon Thurfdaie they of the Town fent to the King,
that if they received not Succour within three Daies, they wold render the
Towne, and pay him foooo Crowns to redeem themfelves from Pillage. Mon-
fieur de Trovenza is gon to advertize the T)uke, and to know his Pleafure.

Here is little fpoken of any Preparations that the 'Duke doth make to. eucouriT
ter the King. Yet fom hold that he is able to bring into the Feild 500 Ho rs, which
are altogeather unproper for thefe montaigueux Countreis. The Day the King
departed from Lyons, the Duke fent him a great Basket of Mellons, which the
King doth interpret ill, and faies, the Duke doth think to pleas him hke a Child
with an Apple. He doth purpofe during his aboad in thefe Parts to make Cham-
bery his rendezvous ; for upon Thurfday there w'as fent a Courrier to Lyons to
fettle the Poffs between thofe two Places. H^e hath caufed a Manifefto to be
publiflied, to juftifie his Proceeding in this Warr, wherof your Lordlliip here-
with flrall receave a Coppie. Yt doth not yet appear that the King of Spayne
doth fend any Affiftance to the Duke. But the Duke hath lately wrote a Let-
ter into France, (and perhaps of purpofe that it fliold be divulgated) wherein he
fliovyes that the King of Spayne (whom he had no caufe to offend) wold never
confent that he lliould render up the Mar qui fat, for therby the King of France
would be able to ballance, and perhaps to waigh down his Reputation with the
Princes of Italy, amongfl whom he is now the only Arbiter ; and befids it might
prove dangerous to his ow^n State, yf the King of France fhould revive his Pre-
tenfions upon the Duchie of Milan, confidering this newe Alliance with Mantua
and Florence, from whom, he fliould receave Encouragement to undertake any
Attempt, and Affillance, yf need were, to perfourm what he fliould attempt.

Rfincas (who now came to Jenne a httle Village upon the Frontiers of O/^i/fy/,
but durfl; not without a fafe Condud: prefent himielfto the King's Prefence,) at
his lall return out of France reljated unto the Ambaflador of Spayne who refides
With the Duke, howe far the Marquis and the Tre^denth^i^ engaged the Duke
to the Reflitution of the Marquifat. The AmbafTador afTured him, that if the
^uke did render the Marquifat without his Majler's Trivitie and Confent, hi/
Mafter wold pre fent lie make JVar upon him. But how clpfely Ibever the King
ol Spaynedoi\\ carry himfelf therein, it is likiie he will be more fenfible,. when
the K;,ing of France fhall have taken from the Duke alf; thofe Pafiages by which

* Mcmoires de Baffampierre, Vol.1, p. 6r, c/c.
f Memoires ds Bajjompierre, Tom. I. p. 63.

his

O

244 My\^in'<^ooDs Negotiation inVx^incQ. Book IV.

•^i. x6oo. his Men from Sj^aynezwdi Italy do ordinarily pafle into Flanders (which it is to
be prefumed he will do,) for therby he fliali hold both Spayne and the Archduke
in much Devotion ; he ihall afliire his Frontiers of Ttcardie, and by no means
more iuable the States to fubfift, whofe Confervation, be hath no reafon to neg-
lecf.

We now heare, that the Duke of Savoy is come dowii to Moriana with 6000
Foot and 7 or 800 Horle; there he doth purpofe to make head againd the King.
For the Valleis oi Moriana and TaYeiitefe are th' ordinary Paffage into 'Piedmont^
which if the King could poflefTe, he wold fortifie there, therebie to cut off all
Succors from Savoy. .

Untill I iliall return to Lyons, I fhall not be able to attend that Service, which
your Lordfliip in your laft Letters and before my Departure from Btilloigne, did
require. Upon the Receipt of your laft Letter, I imparted unto (125 Advife)
the AmbajjMor <?/ Florence what was the IfTueof (=0=230) the Treaty., and what
Preparations were fuppofed and might be l'ufped:ed in Spahie. He hath promifed
to write expreffly to the Great Ttuke, to know what he underftands thereof,
and offered me, if fo I wold, to move him, if he were not fullie informed, to
difpatch a Courrier prefently into Spayne to his Ambaflador, from whom I
fliould receave perfed; Intellegence. ' ' I told him I had not fuch Commifiion,
" yet this I could afllire him, that what good Office foever yt Ihould pleas the
" Great "Duke to do to the Queen, ihould keindlie be accepted, and returned
" as occafion fliould preieiit yt felf". He faid he knew fo well his Mafter's
Minde, that he was aflured that he could not do a Service more pleafing, then
to make him capable of fome means, wherby he might manifeft his Devotion to
the Queen of England; and fo requefted me to leave it to his Difcretion. I an-
fvvered that the Queen fhould be encouraged to continue thofe Courfcs intended,
in withftanding the Deffeignes of the common Enemie of the Reoofe of thefe
Parts of Chriftendom, yf other Princes whofc Interefts are imbarqued in th^
felf-lame Bottome wold joine their Hands, if not in real Afliftance, at leaft in
good Affedion and Devotion. I did not further declare my ielfe; in my opini-
on fome good may be done there, wherof your Lordlhip hath often fpoken, and
withall a lure Intelligence fettled ioxSj>ayne; Yt is far off^ but nowe the Inter-
courfe from thence into France will be ordinary, by reafon of this Mariage.
What Diredions your Lordfliip fliall give herein I will pundlually obferve, but of
my felf, your Lordlhip knowes, I am no Undertaker. And fo, ^c.

Tour Lordjhifsj Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Afr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable, Chambery 15'* Auguji 1600. O. S.

FROM Grenoble of the 9* of this Moneth, I advertized of the King's Pro-
ceedings in thele Warrs of Savoy, and how he was advanced to Chambery,
wherein, by the tenour of that Parley which was had with the Mafters of that
Towne, he Ihould have entred that Day. But becaufe the Canon was not then
there ready, the Inhabitants of the Towne being willing to have Ihew of reafon
for what they Ihould doe, to anfwere to all Objedions that may be layed to
their Charge, whenfoever the Duke fliall make his Peace ; the King was intreated,
tier ill contented to have Patience untill Tweufday, againft * which Day he cau-
led a Caviller to be raifed to mount the Canon upon, which then arrived ; and
fo that Afternoone Monfieur </? Giacop Governor both of the Towne and Coun-

* Msmoires de SfUly, Tom.i. p. ipt.

trie.

0

Book IV. Mr W iNwooDs Negotiation inVmncG. 245

trie, came tbrth into the Suburbs of Montmel'tan where the King was lodged, and An. 1600.
delivered up the Keys of the Towne.

Tlie Ccipitiilations arc in Subflance, conformable to thofc that were conclud-
ed between this Citie and Francis the Firfi, when he in like manner did gaine
it, ^7,c;. That the fowne ihould cnjo)' all anticnt Cufloms, Priviicdges, and Im-
munities; that the Court of i^arliament fliould not be removed, but continue in
the lame cxcrcife of Authoritie and Sovereinty ; that the King ihould receive in-
to his Protedion the Inhabitants with the Territory and Dcpcndancies, and deli-
ver them from the Ravages and Inlblencies of the Soldiers ; and laftly, that the
Inhabitants lliould have two Months fpace to advife, either to acknowledge the
King of France for their Soveraine Prince^ or to quit the Towne and Coun-
tric, and then to depart with lafe Condud, without liiipcachment or Diftiirbance.

The King hath uied good military Dilciplinc both in defending all licentious Ra-
vage and Spoile, and in executing thofe who have been found guilty ; whereof
the Souldiers of the Towne (where the Bodies do yet hang) can give good Tefti-
mony ; whereof the Towne being afraid, carried out the moft of their Wealth
and the bed of their Moveables, and all the Women of quality retired them-
felves to a Towne called Nijfuy fix Leagues from hence towards Geneve^ which
beiongcth to the Duke of Nemours-, to whofe Protection they thought it moft
lafe to recommend their Honors.

The Duke of Nemours, upon the bruit of thefe Warrs came in Pofl: to find the
King: The King prefently dilpatched him from hence, and Ibme think, not with-
out reafon, to the Duke of Savoy -^ which imployment could not be but pleafing
to the Duke of Nemours, for therby he lliall fee how willing the King is to em-
brace Peace, and Oiall not fee the '\Duke-, to whom he is near allied, difpofTeffed
of his Patrimonie, which might perhaps deftroy his Patience.

* Upon JVevfday the King fent Monfieur Lefdlguteres to befeige Conflans, a
Towne five or fix Leagues from hence, which is the Key of the Valley of Jarun-
tiers, and one of the principall Paflages of Tiedmojit ; whereof if the King
fliall be poflelTed, that of Maiirienna will eafily follow, 'io that all Means will be
cut ofFfrom the ^uke to fend any Forces eyther for the prefcnt Succour, or for
the Recovery hereafter of Savoy,

Upon the Tatriarche's going to Lions, the Counfaill, who were alligned to
come to Grenoble, receaved a countermand from the King, not to remove from
Lions, untill they lliould have other Directions. To what purpofe the Tatriarche
can treate, when Monfieur de Villeroy is abfent from thence, your Lordlhip can
bell: judge.

The Chancellour is here expeded fliordy, to receave the Oathe of the Parla-
ment for their true AUeagence, and to eflabliflie the Forme of Juftice. Of the
Counfaill, here is only Monfieur de Villeroy, Monfiear de Callignon (who is
here but pour la bii'nfeance being one of the Prefidents of Grenoble,) and Mon-
fieur de Luccy, whom the King fent for, becaufe of his experience in thefe Parts ;
he may perhaps lend him to the Suijfe, with whom he hath been often imployed.

Upon JVenfday lad I was with Monfieur de Villeroy, and told him, that your
Lordfliip commanded me in your laft Letters, to certifie him, that the Treaty was
broken. He faid, that it was broke hi Jhew and appearance, but all Matters of
Subftance isjere accorded, and a, 'Daie fecrettly apoynted for the foleme Conclu-
fion of all. I anfwered that I had receaved from your Lordfliip, that it was ab-
folutely broken, and that her Majeftie had recalled her Commifiloners, whereof
you were defirous that he Ihould be informed, if the Knowlege therof myght
any way lerve for the King's Affayres. He asked me agayne whither yt was not
Ibe, that the Teace in truth was concluded, though the contrary was geven
forth ; I anfwered, that 1 could not fay more then I had fayd, only I added, that
no Man knew better then himfelfe, howe fincerly her Majeftie had proceeded
with the King from the fyrft Overture of the Teace, to the Toynt of the Trea-
ty, by dely vering to him by you her AmbalTadour, all the particularities from

* Memoires de BaJJomfhrre, Tom, I. p. 63, i^c,

R r r tyme

24^ Mr.Wij^wooD s Negotiation inVmnce. Book IV.

^n. 1600. tymc to tyme of the Proceeding therin; fo I prayed him lykewife to think, that
which he ihould fynd, that this was not any difguifed Matter, but fo as I had de-
lyvered. He asked me then uJ>^on whaf fqynf the breache iz^as-, I told him,
upon the Toynt of Honor, nothing would content the King of Spayne but the
Trefeancie, and her Majeftie was ever refolved to yeeld him but Equalitie ;
wherin ilie did beare more refped to the Repofe of her own Subjeds, and her
own gracious Difpofition to Peace, then to any Right that Ihe did acknowledge
to be due to the King of Spajne. He faid he marvayled of it, and thought the
King of Spaync not to be well advifed, to break off a Matter of fo great Confe-
qtience to his State upon a Trifle of fo fnall Importance*. And fo, ^c.

Tour Lordjhifs, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winv/ood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable, Chambery, \^'^^ Aug. \6oo, O.S.

BY my lafl of the i^* of this Moneth your Lordfliip doth underftand of the
King's happie Proceedings in thefe Warrs, being then entred into this
Towne, the MetropoUtaine of Savoye, wherof he was within fix Daies after the
Seige pofTefled, and within feaw Daies after of the Cafe IT, and had bene of both
fine faiiguine & fiidore, yf the Seafon had bene as temperate , as the Teople
were good nattired; but the Heat once enclofed within thefe Montaines, doth
make the Climat Zonam Torridam. I then advertized how Monfieur Lefdigui-
eres was fent to befeige Conflans, being the Emhoucheure of the Valley of Ta-
re?ttefe: A place of that Importance, that being once taken, yt doth not only
alTure thofe Places which already are fubdewed ; but all the reft of Savoye, ex-
cept the Citadelle of Montmelian, muft neceffarily follow ; and without that, all
that is lubdued will with as much facilitie be loft, as it hath been gained. The
King upon Sattrrday went to the Seige, he carried with him 1500 Foote and ifo
Hors. He went out of this Towne about five of the Clock in the Evening, for
he was to palTe within Musket-lhott of the Fort oi Montmelian, and therefore
did mean to ufe the Benefit of the Night. They of the Caftle did llioote a la vo-
lee all the Night long, yet the King with his Troope paiTed in Saffety, with the
loffe only of five Suijfes.

The King departed hence, accompanied with the Dukes Mv7ttpenfier and Ne-
vers, xhc Cowm Si. Tan I, ^adCowni Soy if on s, who ^ot\\ dominari folus pui che
mai, not only within his own Element, but in the King's private AfFecStions ; be
it that it is fo indeed, or becaufe he knowes thefe Warres do not only crolTe for
the prefent his DelTeigns, but if they continue, cut ofFall hope of them, he is
content to make him beleave it is, and fliall be fo.

The King hath made Governour of this Town Monfieur de la Beauffie, fome-
time Lieutenant to,, Mr. Lefdiguiers and one that hath much contefted with the
Duke d'Efpemo'n, and is faid to be the Man that chaffed him out of his Gou-
•vernmejit ofTrovence. MonCiQut Lefdignieres is nominated for the Gouvern-
ment of Savoy, and his Son Monfieur de Crequi to be his Lieutenant. The
Newes is nowe frellilie arrived, that Conflans is yealded up, but the Particulari-
ties are not yet here knowen; whereby we conclud, that the Duke oi Savoy hzzh
not Power fuflicient to make Head againft the King's Forces. There is another
Fort called la Charbonniere, which is upon the PafTage of Morienne, that the
King will next let upon, but it is thought it will not endure the Sight of the Can-
non. The King at his Departure from hence, did purpofe to return as loon as
Conflans was taken in. The ChancelUer likewife is expedted to eflablijh here
the Seat ofjnftice, who hath lived to fee the Revolution of Times ufqiie in mag-

* This Letter is imperfet'l, but I ihought it too curious to be omitted.

Book IV. Mr.Wisv^ooDs Negotiation in France. 247

7inm annum 'P Utontcum^ for m Henry the Il^'s time he \^x'=> premier Trefidcnt An. i5oo.
of this Parlamcnt.

I will not omit to note by the way, an Accident which is averred by Men of
the bcH QiiaHtie. Upon the Bruit of the approach of the King's Army to this
To'-june., Monficur de Giacop., \\\\\\ the 'Prejidcnts and Senators., afTcmbled, to
conlult what bc(t was to be don in that Exiremitie. In the niidft of their Con-
iultations there entred in a young '^Pullet, and immediately made towards the^^r-
mories of the Duke of Savoy^ which there were painted, and began to peck at
them; and being driven away returned tlie x^i and 3'' time, and did the fame;
which they took to be a Tre/age of that which did enfue, the Gallns IhouJd be-
com their Maflers.

The Seigniours of Geneva did lately fend to the King two extraordinary (who
were called) Arnbaffadors, the one called Lexius a Docftor in Lawc, who in the
laft Seige was employed in England:, the other is Grandibn to Gtdielmus Biida-
ns. Their MefTage was, that if the King ihould accord with the Duke o'cSavoy^
he tji-onld notwithftanding continue the League which he hath with them, (for
the Word TroteEiion they difadvowe,) and that the Balliage orjefs, with what
els they hold in the fame kind, might remaine unto them in the fame State as
nowe they have it. If he Ihould make Warr, which they hold moft for their
SafFctie, if he v/old fend his Forces into thofe Parts, they wold lend what Help
they are able for Men and Munition, eljpcciallie to the Seige of St. Catherine,
which they defire to have razed.

Here likewife hath been one called Co\ont\T>iaJpech from ^Jeflleurs de Berne.
Yf the Peace had proceeded, he oulie had Commiffion for to treat for the Con-
firmation of a certain League which was made with them byMonfieur de Zancy
in the lafl King's Daies ; but now the War is fo farr advanced, he likewife from
his Maflers hath made an OiTer to aflaile the Duke's Countries which border up-
on them ; and as it is faid, will take that in Paiment which they iliall conquer,
for the Mony which the King doth owe them. Upon Friday in the Afternoone
the King in great Halle and Secrecie retorned this Monfieur IDiaJpech, and Mon-
fieur 'Tiauphin the Agent for Geneva., each with Letters to their Mailers, wher-
by he doth accept thofe Offers which they have tendred, and fo foon as thele
Parts here lliail be afliired, he will lend his Forces into thofe Quarters. There
is onlie the Fort of St. Catherine two Leagues ixoxaGeneva.^ which is of Strength,
yet that is fo finale, that it will not be able to hold our above eight Daies. The
King fliall not need to carry Cannon; for Geneva and Bern M'ill lupplie that
want. Thus yourLordiliip fees, that to a Tree that is falUng., every one cries,
cut it doivne. This is the next way to make true the Prophefie which long
fince was given forth of this Duke o{ Savoy., that he Jhould be forced for Rekife
to fie to Venice, and there jhould dye in anHofpitall.

When the Agent oi Geneva took his leave of the King, he told him that he
had a fpeciall matter to recommend unto him ; fo he told him that fome one had
lately flollen away the Head of Silver of St. John, wherof Complaint had ben
made unto him. He faid it was mod likelie that it fhould be carried to be-fold at
Geneva ; you know, faith he, how much it doth importe me to be carefull for
the redrelTe of thefe Abules, and therefore I pray you, as you wiflie my Good,
yf you can find it, let it be fent unto me. / know Sir John hath xoo Heads in
the World, wherby the like might be made, but it wold much approve my Zeale
to recover the fame againe. By thefe Premifes it is here probably concluded,
that yet before Michaelmas Daie the Duke of Savoy will hold nothing on this fide
the Hills but Montmelian in Savoy, and the Citadelle oi Bourg in Brejfe ; wher-
of we heare no more, then that Marefchall i?ir6i%: hath blocked it up with ij'oo
Men.

Monfieur le Grand is gon long fince towards /^/(?rrar^, and fince the King hath
fent Monfieur d' Abbenie after him. The King hath written to Monfieur Bouil-
lon to meet him at Marfeilles the 4* of OBober, about which time the Queen is
expeded there. Upon Sonday here arrived an ArabafTador from the Seigniorie of

Genua^,

248 ikfr.WiN WOOD J" Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1600. Genua, his Name is Nommelino, what his Buifnefs is, is not yet knowen, but
'w^'^V'^^-^ by the care which is taken of it, it fhould not be great ; for by the waie he hath
loft all his Letters and Papers, and hath made Hue and Cry over the Countrey to
recover them againe. My care is that my Letters Ihould both fafflie and fpeedilie
arrive to your Lordlhip's Hands ; for fince my coming from Lyons, all that I
have written I have fent thither by exprefs Meffengers ; fo likevviie I fend this,
hoping that this Meflenger flrall there find fome from your Lordlliip to me, for
fmce that of the 23'^ oVjuly I have received none. And fo, ^c.

Totir Lordjhifs, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Wiawood.

iWr. Winwood, London, it^"^ Aug. 1600.

YOUR two Letters of the laft of 'July and third of Auguji I have receaved,
and communicated them unto Mr. Secretary, who remaynes very well edi-
fyed of them, and gives you a very good Tejiimony of Ins Approbation, which I
note unto you for your Comfort and Incouragement in your paines there. I un-
derftand by the latter of thofe Letters, that you had receaved two of myne which
I wrote from Bulloigne : But * the laft which I fent from thence, contayning a
Relation of the State we left the Treaty in, and a Diredtion to you how to pro-
ceede thereupon, I am not fure whither it be come to your Hands ; and therefore
in all Events, I have thought good to fend you a duj>/icat of yt, praying you to
profecute thofe Things which you have in charge, with fuch Vehemency and Ce-
lerity, as conveniently you may.

I have dealt with the Amhajfador fmce my return about the Marchant's Bufi-
nes ; who hath promifed to write unto the King that the Arrefi may be lulpend-
ed till there may be a Conference had and a Reiglement eftabliflied for thofe
Caufes, according to the Treaty of Bloys, which he profefteth to hold in Force.
You fliall doe well to follicite the fame effedl.

HerMajeftie is very careful! to knowe how thisWarreproceedeth between the
King and the Duke oi Savoy : So that you fliall fatisfie her very much by writing
often of it. We are perfwaded here, notwithftanding the ProgrefTe you write ofj
and the Advertifement the Ambaflador hath fince receaved that the King was en-
tred Chambery, and that Monfieur Lefdiguieres had furprized Montmelian by In-
telligence, that it iz'orks all but for aTeace, ejpecially Jince you write fo much
of the King's Avcrfnefs from the Warre, and of {o fmall Appearance of any
open Affiftance from Sfayne. I pray yon penetrate that Toint as much as you
may, and advertife it by this Bearer, whom I have procured to be fent over pur-
pofely, to bring us fome fpeedy Newes from you.

I have acquainted Mr. Secretary with the Speech that paffed between the
ix^y^iydxiehn 180 Riches) Secretary oi Florence and you, before my com-
ing from Taris ; wherein he feemed to give fome Aflurance, that if the Treaty
did not proceed with (A aoo) Spayne, (Riches) the great T^nke would be con-
tented to {^rmdhcxpghw) contribute towards the Maintenance of the
(z^xidc w) JVarre. I find (100 States) the ^een very willing to embrace the
Offer, and that you ihoxA^ f ringer e la pratica with him, wherein I would wifli
you to proceede in this forte. Firft to acquaint him truely in what Termes
(a) the Treaty ft an ds; whereby he may perceave, that it both may, and un-
doubtedly will be (cwGec aus) revived, if it be not diverted by fome new Oc-
cafion. But withall you may let him knowe, that (State) the ^leen hath been
fb difgufted with the Proceeding hitherto, as it will be no hard matter, in your

He means that of the ipth of \july.

Opinion,

JSook IV. ilfr.WiNvvooD'j' Negotiation in France. 24^

Opinion, to fctilc a contrary Rcfolution fobizingj in her, if there may be found An. \6oq>
any Dilpofition in other (:Xj^irfqyl) 'Fr'mces, who have Jikc /ntercft: in
the {^nwbcii;a6d'oibtxVLuto) 'DepreJJion oftheKhigofS\i2.ynQ, tocohcurre
in any Proportion. And thereupon youihall uri^e him to open himleJf, whether
he have ^Luy ConmnJ/ion from (Riches) the TJtike to treate of fnch a matter:,
and if yea, you Ihall reccavc and advertilc what heihall propole. If nor, you
ihall require him to communicate your Motion to (Riches) the Duke o/'Florencei
and fignifie, that if he ihall make knownc his Difpofition to intertayne ir, (loo
State) the <^ieen. will rcfolve, as you thinkc, to fend your felf unto him to ne-
gotiate it, iflic like of it. In the meane time, if by Dilcourfe and Conference
you can gather any thing of his Intention, you fliall doe well to advertife me of
it. Mr. Secretary likes well allfo that you fliould found (i26Re(ped:) the Vene-
tian Ambaifador to the lame Effedt, and urge him to propoic it to (192 Tower)
theSeiffiior'ieofYQmcc, either to {yjqhfdir-ZmdyU'Wcwyl) contribute y'cerly Jbme
good {(ideqqu) Stimmc for 3, 4 or 5 (auugud) Teeres^ or atleafl: to {xsyft)
lend (State) the ^leen 300 {(j.htmgasdTircmedwa) thonfand Crownes to be
reftored in {xiirmy6 aitugud') five Teeres: .Letting him knowe likewife, that
upon any Signification of their liking of that Motion^ or any other good Offer
On their part, {State) the ^leen will be contented to fend ether youj or fome
other, purpofely to {Tower) the Seignior ie ofYtnxco. about it ; which may allfb
give occafion of teviving a good Intelligence betweene them for ever hereafter.
This matter will be very acceptable if you can bring it to any good Iflue, there-,
fore I pray you ufe your bed Iriduftrye in yt, and advertife with Ipeede what In-
clination or Averfenes unto it you difcover in thofe you deale with ; for there-
upon we Ihall be able to make fome Judgment very availeable to the Bufmes we
have in hand. I thinke it not amifle, that upon apt occafion you lliould likewife
Jet fall fome Speech unto {i<)i Refolution) the Duke de Bouillon', and unto {zy
Religion) Monfieur de Rhofny, that you are of opinion that if (100 State) th-e
§^Leen might have any afllirance to be {6gukyoswug^nwph) repaied her
'Debt^ were it but by 300000 Crownes Yeerely, ihe would undoubtedly refblve
to continue the, {6hygguholw lS.%oo) Warre with Spayne: and hereupon to
iirge them to deal with (144) the French i^/;^^ in itj in this feafonable tyme
whiles matters zre enbranjle. But before you move it to the fecond, conferreof
it firft with {Refolution) the Duke de Botiillon^ and feeke if you can to enter in-
to fome Confidence with hini.

Advertife us if you can of the certain Time and Place of the King's Mariadgej
for I thinke her Majeflie will be perfwaded to fend fome Nobleman thither to al^
fift at it. I cannot yet be difcharged of my Imploymeiit, alithough I labour it
much, but I hope in the end to prevaile. There are in Name to fucceed me
Mr. Cecyll, Sir Thomas Tarry, Mr. Bvdley, and Mr. Richard Spencer. At her
Majeftie's Hands I finde all gracious Acceptation of my Service I can defire,
therefore I thinke it a very fytt tyme to leave off, leaf, the latter end jhould
not anjweare to the beginning, but of that you fhali knowe more certainly in my
next. If the Motions take place which are before mentioned, undoubtedly you
Will be ufed in them: But we Ihall determyne nothing therein till we heare an-
iweare of this Letter. When any thing is refolved I will take order for your
Provifion accordingly.

Now to the Occurrences of thefe Parts, you Ihall underftand, that the Erie
Gowry iiid a Brother of his, have been lately flayne in Scotland, in the Erie's
own Houfe, and in the Kin£s Trefence. * They are charged to have confpired
the Kings "Death at that tyme, but God would not fiiffer them, they had prepa-
red for it, to execute their Dejfeign, alithough they attempted it ; and fo they

* The Reader may find fome account of this Affair in Mr. CamhJcn's Life of Queen Elizabeth publifli'd
in the general Hiftory of England, Vol. i. f. 617. But he will poffibly find a truer Account in another Let-
ter of Henry NevH's, dated 15 Nov. 1600; and may alfo confult Wilfon's Life of King James in the fame
Hiftory, Vol.z. p. 66n. and the Note fubjoyned,

■ S f f fell

f

2SO Mr.Wii>iy^ooDs Negotiation inVt^ncG. Book IV.

^n. i6oc. fell into the Pitt themfelves had digged. This is the Relation fent hither of it,
'^.yy^s^ which mtwithjlanding is diverfely cenfured according to Men's divers AffeEii-
ons. But howfoever, her Majeftie hath fent Sir Henry Bronkard thither to con-
gratulate the King's Efcape, and to doe fome other offices to him. There is al-
io one Hambledon come from thence, to refide here at leaft for fome tyme.
Out of Ireland we heare that Matters go very well, yet open AStion of any
j Importance there hath not paft on either Side : But fome of the Rcbells daily

come in, and fome have bin intercepted. The Garrifon of Loughfoyle is found
to be of very good ufe there, and the profcribing of Tyrone, and conferring of
his Earledome upon Sir Arthur Oneakt it is hoped will breede a great Tiivifion,
among them.

In the Lowe Countries-, the Forces of both Sides are kept together in Expedta-
tion of one another's Attempts. Here is an AmbafTage lately arrived from the
King of Barbaric; what he brings J knowe not yet, but will advertife by my
next. My Lord of Ejfex was yefterday by order from her Majeftie, fet at full
Liberty, only his repair e to the Court forbidden, till flirther Pleafure be knowen,
which it is thought will be the next Gradation.

I received yefterday Letters from (Toverty) Colvel, by his owne Boy that
I came by Bulloigne ; he writes that he was fetting forwards towards Lyons, and
would fee you there, and deliver you a Note of the Heads that the Negociators
that now go to Komtfom Scotland are to treate there. If that, or the Letter
fo long expeBed, may be had, it will be fomewhat worth ; but otherwife I would
have him knowe that I am weary of Promifes without effedi, and will be drawen
into no further Charge till I fee fome particulars that may deferve it ; for I have
been hitherto intertayned with generalities, of no great Importance: But if he
perform any reall Service it llial be really acknowledged ; in the mean time I luP
pend both my Judgment and my Purfe. I knowe not how de Monte proceeds in
his Buifhels, I have not heard from him a long tyme, it may be it is for want of
means of good Addrefle.

I pray you advertife me in what ter mes the Counfail of Trent ftands for the
Reception, and likewife the Reftitution of the Jefuites. And fo for this time I
take my leave and committe you to God.

Tour very loving Freend,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable, Sec. Chambery 3 o"^ of Auguf 1600. O.S.

I Received your Lordfhip's Letter of the 19* of July, the x^^ of Augufi at
Chambery. The King was then at Chammoue (a Place belonging to a Mar-
quis of that Name, and of the Houfe of TavanesJ within a League of the Fort
Charboniere, which then he did befeige, and with him Monfieur de Villeroy.
The Chancellier was upon the Waie between Grenoble and this Towne, and be-
fore he arrived heather, the King did fend to call him to him. Upon your Lord-
ihip's Letters I went prefentlie to Chammoiie ; where Ipeaking with Monfieur de
Villeroy, " I told him the Caufe of my coming, and began to unfold the In-
" juftice of the Arreft, fliowinghoweprejudiciall it wold prove to our Marchaunts,
" and how injurioufe yt was to the Alliance which her Majeftie did hold with
this Crowne; but I cold not intreat him to have Patience to hear me, who
faid it did not appertaine to him, but to the Chancellier, to remedie thole
Grevances, yf any were conceived. I replied, that I was commaunded to ad-
drefs my felf to the King and his Counfail, where what rang he held I knew
very well, the Matter I was to Ipeak of was of no fmale Confequence, nor
unworthieof his Underftanding ; he wilhed me not to troble my felf, for in
" thefe Cafes he did not deale; lo for that, I did leave him". The next Morn-
ing

Book IV. iMr. WiNwooD^j" Negotiation in France. 251

ing I did meet him at the King's Lodging, and there again " I did enter into the yin. 1600.

" Matter, and proved the ImpofTibihtics of thofe Conditions, which the Arreft .

" did require at our Marchaunt's Hands; wherby I argued that there cold be

" no other purpolc in eftabUlhing that Arreji, but an Intention to weary and

" tire out our Marchaunts trading in thole Parts; wlicrbie they fhould be (ubjedl

" to the continuall OpprefTions and Violences of their Officers, and by confe-

" qucnce, to baniih our Manufadlures of Woole out of their Realme; a thing

" which long had been intended, and this was thought tlie clcanliefl: Waie to ef-

" fedt it. He anfwered, he fawe no fuch unreafbnabic Purpofe in the Arrefi as

" I prefumed; yt was by courfe of Juftice, with long and advifed Deliberation,

" refblved, and by his Confent fhould (land in the lame Termes unaltered". I

then moved, becaufe the Counlaile was not then fedeutary, but pajfant up and

downe, and cold not attend fo fpeedilie to determine Caufes which did require

prelent Difpatch, " that it wold pleas him to fiifpend the Executmi of the Ar-

" reji for fix Months, in which time I did not doubt to make appear unto him,

*' how unjufl: this judgment was, and how prejudicial! to our Nation. He an-

" fwered peremptorily, for his particular it jhould not he fufpended for one

" l^aie. I replied, that I hoped to receave a more favourable Anfwer from the

" King. Yf you purpofe faid he to Ipeak with the King about this, you Hiall do

" better to lave your Labour ; for I can tell you the King's Anfwear beforehand;

" that is, he will retorn jou to his Counfail. I faid, what Anfwear he wold

" give me I was to take, and to relate ; but for difcharge of my Dutye I did de-

" lire to informe him of this Matter, and for that purpofe I wold attend his Lea-

" liire.

From Monfieur de Villeroy (underftanding that the Chancellier was lodged at
a little Village called la Rochette, two Leagues from thence, and wold be there
in the Afternoone, becaufe he Jhold not have the Anfwear he wold give me put
in his Mouthy) I went thither unto him ; " to whom 1 did at large Ihew, the ma-
" ny Inconvenients that mufl enfue uppon this Arreft ; the impoflibilities of
*' thofe Circumflances that were impoled on our Marchaunts, which neither Art
" nor Induftrie cold effed ; that therbye muft needes follow the Banilhment of
'* our Clothes out of this Realme, which by the Reiglement of this Arrefi they
" have covertlie and ex confequenti inforced, when they thought it not conve-
" nient, at the Inllance of their Marchants, direSfly and exprefely to forbid
*' them. I praied him to confider, that if the Frendlliip of England hzd ben
" proffitable unto them, not to give us Caufe to repent what we had done, and
" if they did defire to conferve our Amitie, not to difcourage us, by their un-
" kind Ufage, to do the like againe yf their Occafions did require. I added,
" that the Alliance between Trine es, did 7tot in this point differ from the Ami-
*' tie between private Men, among ft wkom^ that was ever accompted the moji
" affe6iionat and be ft ajfuredy which was conferved by reciprocal Offices of
" Love and Keindnefs; This was the onlie Marchandize which we brought into
" their Realme, whereas we did disburden them of many of their Commodities,
" which wold be dead on their hands, being fuch as no Nation els wold, or could
" make ufe of; ferving rather as Nmfes to Tleafiire and Riot, then as conve-
" nient Inftruments for the ufe of our Commonwealth. . I concluded, that your
" Lordfliip addrelTedme principallie unto him, as one that beft cold for fee^ and
*■'■ prevent the Inconvenients that might arife therof

" His Anfwear was, that the Procels of this Caufe was fome Yeares in De-^
" bate before the Counfaill, where nothing was concluded ralhlie and unadvifed-
" lie; that all Parties were called that had Intereft in the Caufe, or might receave
" prejudice by that which iliold be decreed. Our Marchants were there as
•' Tarties, and had their Advocat and SoUicitar. which might have excepted a-
" gainft their Proceedings, yf there had ben in yt any fuch enorme Injufiice
" wherof I complained; or any fuch notable Prejudice to our State, which in
" my Speech I had inferred. That your Lordlhip likewife did intervenire for
" the Intereft of the Queen; fo that nothing was concluded without your Frivi-

" ty

252 M?\WmwooT>sNegotiatwnmVmnce. BooklVc

yf«. i6go."- ty and Approbation. That that which was done by the Judgment of the
' Counfail, cold not be reverfed by him alone, neither without calling of thofe
" Parties that were interefted in the Caufe. He protefled that nothing was in-
" tended, but only a Re ig/ement for the RedrefTe of the Abufes of our Cloathes,
" which were falflie made, and not march andable ; and aflured himfelf, that at
" the penning of the Arreji Care was taken that nothing therein might be infert-
" ed, contrary to the Alliance between the two Crowns. And concluded by
" faying, he wiflied I had taken him in a Place of Repofe, for I might well
" think, his Lealure wold ill ferve to advife of thele things.

" I replied, Thar Jus reddttur in invitum ; our Marchants might well be cal-
" led to make good the Sentence, \vhich otherwife in abfe7ttia partis wold, be
*' milla\ and might be allowed their Advocdt and Tro^ior^ who mufl have Pa-
" tience to endure what Sentence fliould be pronounced againft their Clients. I
" knew well your Lordfliip did intervenire, hoping her Majeftie fliould have
" found more refped:, and her Subjects more favor : But that you confented to
" the Arreji, I praied him to excufe me. And that nothing was concluded
'* therin, contrary to the Treaties, I faid he knew well, that the Lawe made
" fmale Difference between that which was done contra Legem^^ and in Frandem
" Legis. I praied him not to blame me for foUiciting him in that Place, for the
♦' Matter I treated Was of that Gonfequence, that fuffered noe Delay ; and thcr-
" fore enforced me to take him where I found him. And becaufe I knew welJj
" the Arreft cold not be revoked, but in full alTemblie of Counfail; I praied
" him to grant a Surceance for Execution of. the Arreft but for fix Months, in
" which time I did not doubt, but upon fuch Proofes as fliould be alleaged, he
" himfelf wold acknowlege that what I had informed, was rhofl: true.

" He anfwered, that he did not ufe to give any Surceance for the Execution
" of the King's Lawes. I urged that Point againe and againe, but receaving no
" other Anfwear, I told him I wasforry to make Report of this Anfwear, for I
" was fiire that upon relation therof by your Lordfliip, her Majeftie would, (as
" flie had reafon) conceive a juft Dilpleafure, v/hich might in time bring forth
" fruits of ill pleafmg taft, and of heavie Difgeftiori". That Aftemoone the
Chancellier and Monneur de Villeroy conferred togeather of the matter.

The next Morning I ipake with the King in this forme, " That by Diredlions
" from her Majeftie, your Lordfliip had given rue in charge to inform him of an
" Arreft which was made by his Privie Counfail in^ri// laft at Taris^ againft
' ' our Marchants, which traded in the Marchandize of Cloathes in his Town of
" Rouen f which Arreft was not onPy frejttdiciall to their former Triveledges^
" but in effe6fj a flaine Banijhment of our Cloathes out of his Realm. Her
" Majeftie aftured her felf, that it was his Pleafure to treat her Subjed:s trading
•' in his Countrey, with the fame keindnefs his Predeceflburs had don; there-*
" fore I was commanded to make inftance, that it wold pleas him to revoke this
if j^yreft, and to fuffer the ancient Ordonances to remaine in their former Ver^
" tue. He anfwered, that he underftood not the Particularities of the Matter,
*' but wold enquire of them, that he was willing to give the Queen of England
"■ in all things all the Contentment in the World; But her 'Peo;ple, (faies he)
*' fill my Subjects upon the Sea moft extreamlie. I told him I wold that her
" Majeftie might be informed of it. He anfwered, that he informed her dailie
" by his Ambaflador, but there was no remedie. I urged him to know his Plea-
'* fure for this particular Matter ; he willed me to go to Monfieur de Villeroy.
" "Mon^itnt Ville^'oy was then prefent, whom I found more tradable then be-
"' fore, for he anfwered me in good tearmes when I demanded his Refolurion,
" that he wold advile of it, and at Chambery I fliould receave his Anfwear.
Now what they will do I cannot promife, but I will notfayle to urge inftantly that
her Majeftie might receave fom Satisfaction. I thought it my Duty to advertize
how farre I have proceeded, wherby yf I have not effeded what hath been de-
fyred, your Lordfliip may be pleafed to impute it tp the Condition of this tyme*

unfca-

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooD'j- Ncgotiatmi in France. 253

(infcafonab'c to ncgociatc, and to the ill ajfecled Humours of thofe that opuvern An. 1600.
here^ tziho are un-ujill'tn^ to grant what we demand, bccauje we demand it.

The King did begin ycdcrday to boat the Fort Charbonniere, and will aflured-
ly carry yt, thougli there be within two old Captayncs, the one called Jlmbroyfe
a "Piemontoyfe, th'other llcrnan a Savoyard-, who ftrivc which of them fhould
Ihcv'v grcatelt Fidcl)'ty to his Mafler. This Fort being taken, the King will pro-
vide for his Voyage tor Marfeilles; but before that, he will make fom aboad at
Lyons-, wher Madam la Marqulfe doth attend him in great Devotion.

Of the Duke of Savoy much is not Ipoken, yt is certayne that he hath gather-
ed Ibmc Forces to the nombcr of 6000 Foot, amongfl: whom arc 1200 Milanois
and Spaniards, bcfides fome Companies of Horle, wherof Monfieur d'Aubigny
a /V'cv/r/; Gentleman is Leader: But yet he hath not attempted to impeache the
King's PafTage, nor to Ihccour any Place that hath bene beleigcd: His AmbafTa-
dors are now at Grenoble. There hath been a Dilpatch intercepted from the Mar-
quis de Lullin, wherein he concluded, that the Duke had but two wayes to fave
himlelfe and his State from Ruiiie, eylher to make fome Enter^rife u^on the
King's "Per fin t or to affayle fom Part of Provence.

The opinion is here, the King of Spayne will not declare himfelf in this Warre.
His Ambaflador hath protefted, that he will not intermeddle in the Warres of
Savoy \ and fince the Arrivall of Monfieur de Rachefot to Madrid, he hath
fworne the Treaty of Vervins. But no Man doubts, but that he will fay the
King of France with his own Mony, afllfting the Duke what poflibly he can^
but covertly^ as he knows they here ajfifl the States : For y t is not to be thought
that he will betray at once both his brethren ; Savoy-, whom he hath engaged
in this Warr, and leave the Archduke in thefe ftreights, that he fliall have noc
fupply, nether of Men nor Mony, but what fhall com by Sea.

Count Fuentes is now at Millain ; he brought with him between 4 and 5'ooo
Men, who are fent to the Lazaretto to (lay there 10 Days, and after, according-
ly as they lliall prove fick or found: He brought 80000 Crowns, mod of which
muft be imployed for the Difcharge of Arrearages. Of the Continuance of this
War nothing can be aflured ; for moft Men think, that yf the Duke wil perform^
the Treaty of Paris, the Peace is made. The King for contenance, may de-
mand the Charge of this Warre, but eyther at the Interceffion of the Pope, or at
the Inftance of the Duke, he will remitt yt. They ground the Reafon of this
their Opinion, uppon the 'Difpofition of the King, who doth defyre to pafs the
reft of his Days in reft and repofe ; and the Humour of thofe who governe this
Eftate, whofe Deffeigns are overthrown by this unexpeBed JVarre.

The Duke of Nemours is returned to the King : Yt is not Confirmed that him-
felf went to the Duke. He doth profefs that he doth traVayll to accord them, and
I have oblerved much private Conference between him and Monfieur Villeroy.
And fo, ^f .

Tmr Lordflyifs, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

S^r Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

ilfr.Winwood, London 9^ of September 1600,

BY the laft Lette4: I wrote you from BuUoigne, and by the Duplicat of it
which I fent you by Simons, you have underftood the Complaint of our
Marchants againft the Arreft made by the King's Counfail touching our Cloathes,
and how they defire it ihould be qualifyed. They have fuice delivered me a
more ample Menwriall concerning the fame, which I fend you herewith. Pray-
ing you to ufe your bed Care and DiUigence to procure Ibme good Order in it:
At the leaft that it may be fufpended till the King's return to Taris, that there
may be fome Conference had, and fome good Courfe eftablilhed for the Com-

X 1 1 merces

2 54 Mr.WinwooDs Negotiation inlYSLncc. Book IV.

1660. merce, according to the Treaties. I fend you allfo an Ordonnance lately made
by them of Roueih which is greatly prejudicial! to our Trade, and which the
Marchants defire that the King and his Counfail Ihould be made acquainted with ;
prefiiming that he will not tolerate any fuch dired: Contravention to the Treaties
of entercourfe betweeii the two Kingdomcs, efpecially by private Authoritie.
I pray you take Knowledge likewife of it, and urge Ibme Order from the King
or jbis Counfail for the Reformation of it. This one Advertifement you may not
forgett, that whatfoever Order you procure, unlefTc it be under the Great Seale,
it will not fuffife, nor be obeyed.

We are in great Expedation what will become of the Warre in Savqy^ arid
thinke the Time long that we hear not again from you, your laft which I received
being written the 3'^ of Augiift. I anfwere that they cannot looke to heare with
any fpeede, nor fcarce with any Safety from you ; confidering you are inforced
to ufe the Way of Marchants for Conveyance of your Letters, and have no di-
red: MefTenger to fend by. The matter is, they would fayne have diligent Ad-
vertifements, but they will be at no Charge for it. Touching my particular, it
will come fhortly to a Crifis, whither I Ihall returne into France or not. If the
Treaty with Spayne be revived, I thinke I fliall eafily avoyde my French Em-
, ployement by that occafion; otherwiie I feare I fliall fynde fome difficulty in it.
But howfoever, I do not fynde that ether my felf or any other Ihall be fent, till
the King's Returne towards Taris; and then I make accompt her Majeftie will
fend a Nobleman to congratulate the Mariage, and to affifl at the Queen's Entry ;
and with him ether my felf, or my Succeflbr. In the meane tyme, I doe what
I can to procure fome better Juftice to be done here, then hath bin, in French
Caufes ; to the end to drawe fome Contentment from them in other Matters, or
at leafl to free us from thofe Outcries and Infamie which we now fuftayne, not
alltogether without Caufe. I have procured Dr. Cafar, Mr. Beak, Mr. Edmonds,
and my felf to be fent to the EmbafTador to heare his Complaints; we have met
once, and agreed of a Courl'e for his Contentment in divers Caufes ; but fome are
of that Nature, and have fuch References, as I feare we iliall effed little to his
Satisfadion, but we fliall flopp his Mouth I hope for the greateft Part.

We heare nothing of any ProgrefTe of ether Side in the Low-Countries. Out
of Ireland we underftand, my Lord Tiepity is going in Perfon againfl Tyrone,
and that there comes in daily fome of the Rebells to him. The Garrifon of
Loughfoyle advaunces it felf daily more and more into the Countrey, and builds
Forts along as it goeth. There is efpeciall Care taken here for the releiving and
maintayning it in good Eftate, our cheif Hope refting upon it for the reducing of
the North of Ireland, and confequently of the whole Realme.

(;|/x8.) The Earle of EfTex is gon to (xykysiiy) Ewelme, not without hope
of fome further {duesrwj Grace ^on\y; there are many Arguments that
{State) the ^een begins to {6gutubl) relent towards {woq) him, and to
wifli {xorufyiyoyi) him near her. By my next I fliall be able to write you
more certainty both touching myne owne particular, and many other things. In
the meane tyme I commend me hartily unto you, and comitt you to God.

Your very loving Freind,
~ HENRY NEVILLE.

Since the Writing hereof I have received yours of the i')^ of Auguft as I take
it, wherein you rae|itipn another of the 15^, which is not yet come to my
Hands.

Mr. Win-

Book IV. iWr. Win wood'j" Negotiation in France. 255

An. ifjoo.
Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable^ Grenoble 13th Sej>t. i(?bo. O. S.

IAdvertiied in my Letters from Chambery of the 30th of Augufly and fince by
thole I lent from Grenoble of the 5* of September, firfl what anfwere I re-
ccavcd from the Cbancellkr and Monfieur de Vtlleroy concerning the revok-
ing of the Arreji ; and then, how being returned from the King back againe
to Monfieur Villeroy., after long Attendance, this v\'as all I could receave,
that they ■would fend their refolution to the ^icen by Monjieur de Boi-
/ilTe. Since which tyme the King, who did take Poft to meet his * Mi-
ftrefs, hathe brought her hither, whome he doth embrace -uvith more kynd-
nefs then Kings commonly do their Wives, and doth honor with as much
refpeB as yf Jhe were his ^teen. She doth dine ordinarily and publickly with
him when he is attended on by Trinces of the Blood, Cardinals, &c. in Tre-
fence of whom Jhe governs the Table. The Qiieen is not looked for at Mar-
feilles before the \o^ or \i^^ of 06iober. The King hath fent Monfieur de
Mejfe and Monfieur de le premier Maijtre d' Hofte I mio thofe Parts,

to prepare for her intertaynement ; to which purpofe the Cardinal Joyeufe (who
hath been here with the King) is gon downe. They begin here to make dowbt,
yf the Warre continew, that the King will not receave her in Perfon, before her
coming to Lyons: But he will have more regard to his owne Honor then to fliew
to her lo little refped:. Not long fence, talking of his Marriage, he laid, he would
keepe good cheer with his JVyfe for two or three 'Daies, afterwards jhe Jhould
goe a Ion Mefnage, chafcun chez foy : Ridentem dicer e verum quidvetat? Not-
withflanding he is fo pleafent, Intus eft Aquila; within thele two Daies the
Gardes had commandment to watche and apprehend liiche a one as was defcribed
unto them, who as he was informed 111 ould intend IbmeMifcheife againfl: his Perfon.
The Marquis de Lullin departed from hence upon Monday lafl. When he
tooke his leave of the King, " he prayed him to be pleafed (notwithflanding
" thefe late Difcurtifies from the Duke of Savoy) to accept the Marquifat^
" that the Duke would afi!uredly render it into his Hands; and for the Charge
" of the Warre, to be contented to referr the taxing therof to the Judgment of
' ' the 'Pope ". The King anfwered, he was refolved never to treat with the 'Dukey
who was not a Prince of Honor : But yf eyther the Pope or the King of Spayne
would become refpondents for him, that there might be any hope that what
fliould be accorded, fliould really be performed ; they Jhould yet fynd htm not
unwilling to hearken unto Reafon. Hereupon many do gather, that yf the King
might be afiured to have Poffeffion of the Marquifat, he would be well content-
ed to make his Peace, and withdraw his Forces out of Savoy \ efpecially yf this
offer be made, and Performance accordingly, before he Ihall beginne to beat
Montmelian, for which he will not be readie thefe i^ or xo Dayes. But after
he lliall be engaged in the Battery, and fynd poflibilitie, in any reafonable tyme
to be able to carry yt; yt is to be fuppofed, that he will (land upon higher termes,
and eyther hold that which he hath gotten, or not part with yt without much
dillionor to the poor Duke, who as yet, as it feemeth, hath fmall towche of thofe
Afflidtions wherof his Subjeds are dayly fenfible ; nor appreheufion of greater Ca-
lamities that may and muft enfue, yf he continew thefe his wilful! and obftinate
Courfes : For Monfieur de Berny the King's Agent with him who returned from
thence yefterday, hath declared to the King, that thoughe he did inftantly feeke
yt, yet he would not vouchfafe him his Prefence, noe not fo muche as to kifle
his Hands, alleadging that the King refufed to give his AmbalTador's Audience 5
wherein, as here they fay, the Duke hath bin mifinformed.

,We have here plenam curiam, molt of the Prynces, and moft of the Nobilli-
tie ; but all are come in Poft without Horfe of their owne, and with very fmall

* The Nhrquife ds Verniieil.

Traync

2 5^ Mr-WiiiwooDS Negotiation inVtancQ. Book I V^

j^n. 1600. Trayne; whereat the King is much offended; but they all make one Apollogie,
"~ ~ the want of meanes. So that the King im omnem e^jentiim to provyde for the
worll, hath bene foirced to make this Proclaniatibn, which herewith your Lord-
lliip fliall receave.

I have lately received this Letter from the Secretary of Florence ; which the
Duke doth lend to her Majeflie only as a Compliment, to informe her of this Ma-
riadge, between his Neice and this King. He hath written to his AmbafTador
here, that upon that Poynt wherof I advertifed in my Letters of the 9'h of Au-
giiji, he hathe diipatched a Courrier into S^aiHj from whence he will be adver-
tized of all Proceedings from tyme to tyme againfl; the Queen ; and will hot omitt
as occafion Ihall prelent, to advife therof his AmbafTador here, from whome I
Hiall be informed. For the prefent, I underfland from thence^ th^t the %6 Gal-
lies which came with Count Fuentes remaine flill in Italle. In Spayne there are
18; but fo ill appoynted, that before they can be able to put to Sea they will
not be above 10: That from Lisbonne there lately were lent ^^ Galeons to meet
with the Ships o^Tortugall, and to affure them from Pyrates. That neither at
.Lisbonne, nor Sevill, nor any other Port of Spayne^ there is one Shippe armed
for Warre. That of thofe Souldiars which are come into Italy with Count Fu-
entes, 3000 did feirve the Adelantado in the Armadn. For his want of Money
they wryte, that whereas the Archduke fliould have monthly xyoooo Crowns, he
never receaved in good Payment 200000; and at this tyme he is unpayed fot
three Months entier. And for the Difcharge of 70000 Crowns which have ben6
due to one Gnidice a Gentleman of Genoua, the King of Spayne, for want of bet-
ter meanes, is enforced to retrenche fo muche from the ordinary Allowance of
his owne Table.

The Great Tiuke will not, as I perceive, be leene herein, and doth nbt expedt
any Acknowledgment from the Queen ; yet yf occafion be taken from this Let-
ter, to wryte unto him, and in generall termes fome Compliment be rendred, he
fhall be encouraged to continew all good Offices, and I think he may doe many.
He hath likewife written to the Kings of Scotland and 'Demnark , to the lame
purpofe.

Yefterday here arrived the Nevves of the Attehipt of the Erie of Gowry againfl:
the King. Colvel hath found me out here at Grenoble, who goes with his Com-
plices to Rome; by thefe enclofed your Lordlliip fliall underfland what their Pur-
pofe is. The Prefumption is flrong that is employed in this Builhels.
The Erie oiArgyle, who doth lliortly returhe into Scotland, hath receaved Ad-
vife from Sir Thomas Erskin, whole Brother George Erskin dothe gouverne the
Erie; that in his returne he lliould not take the way of England, and yf he doe,
that he Jhonld not fee (with thefe termes) the Crookback'd Secretary. He is
commended to be a Nobleman of many worthie Parts, well dffeBedto otir State,
and to the Caufe of Religion, and one that may more impeache the ordinarie
Commerce that is betwene the Scots and the Irijh Rebells, then all Scotland be-
fyde. Andfo, Wc.

Tour Lor djhlfs, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henr'y Neville.

Right Honorable, Grenoble, -^i^ S'ept. 1600. O. S.

Received your Lordlhip's Letters of the 28* of Auguft the 13^ of September
_^ at Grenoble. I repayred at my fyrfl Commoditie to the Ambaflador of Flo-
rence who then was in thisTowne, with whom I proceeded in this mannef :
" That the King of S fay ne at the lift Treaty at Bulloigne, not being well in-
•' formed of the Queen's Difpofition, taking her to be more greedy ofTeace,
*' then carefull to uphold the State of her Honor ^ caufed his AmbafTador to

Hand

I

Book IV. Mr.WiawooDs A^egotiation inVrance. ' 257

" (land troJ?])0 in fal grande, and pcrcmptorilie to demand and carry the Tre- j[^ i5oo.

" feancie, or upon that poynt to brcakc ofFthc Trcacyc; now fynding his Er-

" ror, as his Commiffioncrs did intrcatc at their Departure a Continuance of

" the Trearye for ccrtayne Dayes, i'o he doch now pourliie the Effcd: therof,

" and dcfyrc that a new Place of Meeting may be appoynred. Her Majcftie

" doth advifc, that yf flieihall rcfufe to treat, ihc mufl reiblve to continue the

" Warre: A Warrc of great Charge, of Danger not to be neglccflcd, and of per-

" petiuU Travaill, and Trowble to her Subjects : She coafiders how many Years

" Hie hath maintained this Warre at her Charge, and her Travail, that herTurfe

" hath payed for the Repofe of all Chrijlendome ■, and her Force had beaten

" downc the prowd Attempt of his conceyced Monarchic : She knowes that this

" Warre mufl have an end, ivhich camiot be taken in a better tyme then is;hen

" yt is ojfred. Yet partly upon Difguft which flie hath conccaved by their Ca-

" riage in the laft Treatie, but efpccially upon Judgement, forefeeing whatDaun-

" ger may cnlue by her making of Peace, not only to her State, but to all other

" Prynces, (for yf his Indies may arrive fafcly and cleerly to his Coffers, confi-

" dcring his vaft and huge Defires, his Ambition may become fearfiill to all his

" Neighbours,) ilie hath thought good ingenuoufly to communicat with other

" Prynces, whole Interefhs are engaged in the common Caufe, and to let them

" underfland, that thoughe her Conlcience doth affure her, and the World will

" witnels with her, that llie hath difcharged her Dutie both to God and her

" Neighbours; yet yf they ratably to their Interefts, will be content yerely to

" contribute to the Charge of the Warre, llie will not only continew yt, but

" purfue yt to fuch purpoie, that all other Prynces fliall lett at home, and en-

" joy in Refl and Peace the Fruits of her Labours, without Feare or Sufped:. I

" then put him in mynd of that Difcourfe which I had with him at Taris, and

" of his Anfwere to yt a little before your going to Bulloigne: I prayed him, as

" I did freely treat with him, fb freely to deale with me, and to let me know

" yf he had from his Mafter any exprejfe Commiffion to deliver that which then

" he uttered, or thoughe he had no fpeciall Commi/Tion to deliver yt, yet whe-

" ther he fpake yt out of the Trivitie and inward Knowledge he had of his

" Maftefs Mynd.

He remembred the Speache we had, and acknowledged his Anfwere ; and
fayd, " That then he was of opinion, and fb flill doth remayne, that his Ma-
" fter would not be wanting to contribute to fb good a purpofe, whereby the
" Qiiiet of Chriflendome might be eftabliflied. But (fayth he) what then I
" fayd, and what nowe I confyrme, comes of my felfe, without Warrant and
" Commiffion, and from a general Knowledge^ nox. from any particular Trivi-
" ty of my Mafter's Difpofition. But he offred of himfelf, and fayd, he would
" communicat to his Mafter the EfTed: of my Speeche, and procure by the fyrfl
" Commodity his i?^y^/^/^/(?//.

" He then came to fom particular Queflions, and asked me whether I had
" Commiffion in this fort to deale with the French King; I anfwered, that the
•' King oi France was endebted to her Majeftie, who did not hold it for her
' ' Honor, to demand Repayment by way of Capitulation or conditional Com-
" pa£f. Yet I thought "^fhe did purpoie fliortly to fend a Nobleman of her
'• Realme to congratulate the Marriage, who fhould have Commiffion to demand
" Rembourfement for fome part of thofe Sommes that are due to her; and to
" ptit more Lyfe unto yt., Jhould Jignifie the Caufe, wherefore at this tyme Jhe
" didfo earneftlie prejfe yt. Then he asked me what Somme her Majeftie w^ould
" yeerly demaund; I fayd, flie would leeve that to the Great Duke's Difcre-
*' tion, who be ft could tell, at what Trice he did rate the Repofe and the Af-
" furance of his State. Laftly he asked me, whether the Queene did not pur-
" pofe ever to repay yt. I anfwered, that yf the Warre had that Succeffe which
" the Juftice of the Caufe did promife; yf fhe could once take the Indy an Fleet
" returning well fraught and charged, I did afTure him flie would returne yt with
'■ double Intereft; otherwife I could afTure him of noe other Repayment then

U u u " his

258 JMr.WiNwooD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1600. " his Quiet and Repofe, the freeTrade of his Subjeds, and the affured Vent of
" his Marchandizes : And in right Eftimation, I told him, his Matter Ihould
" have at the Yeare's end nothiilg the leffe in his Coffers ; for that which he
" fhould disbourfe for the Mayntenance of the Warre, yf Spayne were in Peace
" muft be employed in afleuring his Frontiers, in fending of Prefents to the King
" ol Spayne^ and in bribing his Mignions, to keepe himfelfe upright with him,
" and yet perhaps all would not ferve.

i had muche Difcourfe with him to this Purpofe: " He doth acknowledge the
" Intelligence betwene his Mafter and the King oi Spayne never to have been
" good, and this Mariadge with France doth nothing mend yt; yet I fynd he is
•' fearftiU to offend him, and the rather becaufe he holdeth Sienna in feudo of
•' him. So that he feemeth to confeffe that his Mailer will make no lefle Diffi-
" cultye of the Meanes how this Negotiation may clofely be contrived., then of
" the Disbourfement of theMony. I told him, that yf his Matter did approve
" her Majeftie's Motion, yt might be die would lend me to follow yt and to ef-
" fed: yt, but therin flie would be advifed by the Great Duke. He hath alrea-
" dy written to him, and I Ihall not be long without anfwere.

The Venetian Ambajfador was at Lyons when I receaved your Lordfhip's Let-
ters ; and underttanding that his Succeflbr was pry vily pafled by this Towne to
goe thither unto him, I hattned to Lyons., to fpeake with him before his Succef-
for fhould arrive, for feare leaft he fliould cutt me ofl^with this Anfwere, that
his Ambajfage was determined. But when I arrived to Lyons I found that he
was gon towards this Towne, (yet my hap was not fo good as to meet with
him) whereupon I returned prefentlye hither, where I arrived before him ; and fo
vc^on Munday x\s.t xi^of thisMoneth I fpake with him, and told him, " That
*' the King oi Spayne defyring to revive the Treatie, which was continued at
*' Bulloigne, the Queen having advifed with her felfe, is rejolved eyther to
*' make JVarre or Teace-., for via dl mezzo was very unfafe., and befydes a
*' courfe of contimiall Charge., and continuall Feare \ and to Jfande on lie upon
" the deffenjive, was to live at the T>ifcretion of her Enemy es. She was afleu-
" red fhe might have Peace, and that with honorable and fafe Conditions ; yet it
** might be dowbted, that the Kinge of Spayne did onlie fake Teace, to th' end
" to arme himfelfe at more leyfure to the JVarre: She thought therefore this to
" be the fafett Courfe, for the general Good to continew the Warre both by Land
" and Sea: But this was a Courfe of Charge, ofTrowble, and ofDaunger; for
" the Trowble and Daunger the Queen would undertake yt her felfe; being af-
" feuredy that God who ever had geaven her Victory again f her Ennemies.,
" would not abandon her now in fojuft aCaufe\ and for the Charge, fith fhe
" thefe many Yeaies hathe mayntayned this Warre, wherbye her Treafure is
" muche exhautted, and in whych tyme other Prynces have had means to en-
" riche their Coffers; flie thought yt very reafonable, that a comonCaufe Jhould
" reqnyre a comon Turfe; and therfore flie hathe thought good to make this
" Motion to other Prynces, (to whole States the Greatnels o? Spayne might
" prove as dangerous as to hers,) to be content to contribute to this Warre
" for fom three or four Yeares, in which tyme fhe did hope fo to gayne upon
" him, that he fhould defray the Charge of the Warre. She did make choffe to
" move theire State in this Matter; fyrft, becaufe theire Particular was more
" deeply engaged ; then, for the nature of theire Commonwealthe, whych ought
" moll of all to deteft the ambitious Deffeignes of a ulurping Tyrant; Laftly,
*' for the good Intelligence whych ever had been betweene theCrowne oi Eng-
" land and theire Commonwealth; to the whych the Queen wifhing fo muche
" good as file did, fhe did hope, they never fhould have need of her Ayd or Af-
" fiftance; but in cafe they had, they fhould perceave, that as flie is not lefTe
" able, fo file would not be lelTe willing, then in tymes part her Father was7 of
" happie and worthie Memorie. I praied hym to advertize the Seigniuirie of
" this her Majeftie's Motion, and as convenientlye as he might to procure theire
" Refolution; not dowbting but that they would in their Wifdom and Judge-

-' ments

Book IV. Mr.WiN woods Negotiation in France. 25^

" mcnts embrace yt wytli all Kyudncls and Love, and hold yt as a very happie Aji. 1600.
" Catajlropbe of his Employciiicnt.

" His Aniwcrc was, chat he would forthwith advertifc l\\cSeignienr'ie oir.\{\%

" Motion, and recommend yt unto them wyth iiijiauce by his Letters; and at

" his returnc, would as earneftly folhcit yt by word of Mouth. He did nor

" dowbt bur that they would have that regard therof, as her Majeftie Ihould

" wcl perceave in what Price they did hold her Amytie, and what Delyre they

" had to conrinue a good Intelligence with her Crowne. Yet afterwards he fayd,

" that the Charge of theire Commonwealthe was very excefllf, and at this ryme

" greater than ever by rcalbn of Waterworkes, which they were forced to un-

" derrake for the Prelcrvation of thcyr City. Then, that they had a Warre

" whych long had put them to Charge agayuft the Scocchi\ and laftly he fayd,

" that yt was not for theire Saftye to put themfelves to any extraordinary

" Charge, confidering that the Peace bcrwcne the Emperour and the Turk was

" now in Treaty, which yf yt fliould take place, would give them caufe to fland

" upon theire Guardes.

I then came to the fecond poynr of your Lordfln'p's Dircdion, 4nd fayd, " rhat
" yf this whych I had propoied ihould not feem.e pleafing unto them, yet be-
" caufe they might perceave how unwilling her Majeftie was to abandon the
" Caufe whych lo long Ihe had mayntayned, ilie would defy re onlie the Loaue
" of 300000 Crownes for five or fix Ycares, at whych tyme flie would repaye
" yt with Inrercft, and AiTcurance of lyke Curtefy when theire Occafions fliould
" requyre yt." He hath promyfed likewife to iollicite this, and to procure a
Ipeedy Anfwere. " I prayed hym to communicac what I had fayd to his Suc-
" cejfor-, from whom I thought to receave theire Refolution; to whom I fayd I
" did purpofe ro go, to prelent my Service, and would then delyver unto him
" th' effedt of that I had then moved." Accordingly I have been at his Lodging
to fpeake with hym, but I underftand that after his Jorney he fyndes himlelfe
not well dilpofed in his Body, and doth therby excufe himfelf from all Compa-
ny. I will watche the fyrfl: Opportunity to vifitt him.

I befeech your Lordlliip by the next to dired: me, in cai'e that the GreatTiuke
flial be content rather to lend, then to contribute, whether I fliall accept of yt,
and of what Somme; then for what Tyme, what Afleurance I fliall offer, and for
the meanes of Convayance in th' one Cafe and th' other. And fo likewife for
the Seigneitrie of Venice-, yf they fliall make offer of a lefTe Somme and for a
fliorter tyme, what AfTeurance Ihall be tendred, and the meanes of Convayance,
at leaft in general, for they likewife will precifely fland upon the of

this Negotiation.

The Duke de Bouillon is not here, nether-, as I underftand, meanes to come-,
and therfore following your Lord fliip'sDired:ions I have not conferred withMon-
fleur cle Rhofny-, who I thinke would not muche apprehend what I fliould faye,
for your Lordlliip may confider what little good thofe many Remonftrances
have done which you have made unto hym, when you handled the fame Subjedt,
He is truely Freuche, only for the prefenty nether myndfull of that which is
paji, nor care full of that which is to come--, in a worde-, properly and without
Metaphore., well may he be called Villicus Reipublicae, and one that loves Alex-
ander better then the King. It may be yt were not unfitr that the King fhould
be movedf but that miift not be done in a follemne Audience-, for then he is the
leaft part of himfelfe : Yet yt muft be by fbmeMan of Qiiallitie, otherwyfe he
will not fo freely open his Mynd. Some, fytt Opportunyty may be taken, by
him whom her Majeftie fliall lend to congratulat thisMariage.

Thefe petty Warres have fomewhat flayed and fufpended (but nether altered
nor mollified) the Difcontents in thefe Parts, which are greate in both Fadiions,
and yf thefe Warres fhall fodainely end, yt may be they wyll as fodainely and
violently breake forth.

BiU all Men doe marvaill^ that a Toynt only of Ceremony., Jhould fruftrate
the Work betwene us and Spayne, wherby both Realmes might enjoye foe muche

HappinefSp

26o Mr.WiawooDs Negotiation inVvancQ. Book IV.

j^u. 1600 Happinefs. And I have hard Men of diverfe Affedions dircourfe, that the mofi
' compendious way for her Majeji'ie to ajfitre her EJiate, and to mayntayne her
Greatnefs, were to make her Teace iz'tth Spayne ; for thefe tow great Monar-
chies, ever jealous th' one of th' other's Greatncs, cannot Hand long in Peace to-
gether, yf her Majcftie were in Peace with them both; Jnd then would they
both firyve who Jhould hold ftroiigefl Intelligence with her-, and would as yt
were with Ciirtejies and good Offices woe her Favour to have the mofi a^eured
Confidence in her Amity e : IFhereas nowe., as 'Jhe fiands with Spayne, flje is
rather out of JV arret then in Tcace with France : For they feeing that the
NeceJJity of her Afi^ayres doth requyre the Continuance oftheire Alliance^ they
will never hold but a loofe and carelefs kind of Amitie with her, and ever
treate her SubjeEis with Contempt, and her Minifiers without RefpeEi.

I have agayne moved Monfieur de Villeroy about the Marchant's Arrefi, in
that Forme as your Lordlhip hathe prefcribed, but cannot have other anfvvere
then this, that they have already fent their Refolution to Monjieur de BoififTe,
who Jh all relate yt to the ^leen.

The Count ol Arembergh hath bcene here, and is nOwe at Lyons upon his re-
turne. He hath brought with hym an Agent called Aiayla to relyde here with
the King: I have beene carefull to learne his Negotiation. In his fyrfl: Audience
he afTeured the King of the Archduke's Purpofe to continue th' Amitie, proteft-
ing againfl the Duke of Savoy's Courfes, in whofe Affayres they would not med-
dle: He then made a my Id and moderat Expofiulation for th' AfTiftance which
dayly came from hence to the States; vowing that they did attribute the Caufe
oftheT)efait which lately they receaved, to the Vallor and Force of the Fre/iche,
that ferved there agaynfl: them. He moved likewife that fuch Supplies as iliould
be fent from Spayne and Milm, might freely palTe, as heretofore they had done,
throughe Savoy. Yt is iayd that he damaundcd leave to make a Levee of 3 of
4000 Men to lerve the Archduke; and likewiie yt isgeeven forthe, that he mo-
ved the King, in cafe that the Archduke fliould com to accord with the States^
that he would become Caution for xht Archduke for the Performance of luch Ca-
pitulations as fliould be agreed on between them, for whofe Securitie the Em-
ferour would be content to caution himfelfe.

The King went lad Week to Chambery, and with him his Myfirefs. From
thence he will goe to Nijfy to meet with Marefchal Byron, who lately hathe ta-
ken the Since upon the Paflage bctwene Lyons -xx^di Geneva. Monfieur de Zancy
is now at Geneva, v/ho doth follow the AfFayres in thole Partes betwene them
and Berne. The Cantons hold now an Aflembly at Baden. Yt is held here,
that yf we have not Teace, the fault is not in the King. The Duke oi Nemours
hath lately beene in Tiemont with the Duke of Savoy, or els all the World is de-
ceaved ; whether he would not goe without the King's privytye and good lik-

ing.

The Chancellier and Counfail were at Chambery, whether purpofely they went
to eftabhfli the Juftice there, but they are returned hither, and have done no-
thing, only they have prolonged the Terme for two Moneths longer, to advife
whether they will fweare Allegeance to the King ; which argues that they have
fome Opinion of Teace , and therfore would not difplace tloofe Trejidents and
Senators, to put new in their rooms, who pre fently' Jhould be removed agayne.
The Tairiarche is yet here, and doth not ceafe to add extremam manum to
the Work he hath begunne. The Marquis de Lullin is likewife returned from
the Duke to the King, fence his Departure from hence. Thefe are the Arguments
for the Peace : Yet the King prepares to befeige Montmelian, which is the Cri-
Jis of all. For yf he take yt, he will not then accept of any tolerable Condi-
tions for Peace. But he will not be ready for the Battery thefe xoDayes : And
now thofe Speeches of raking yt within if or loDayes were Words of Heat, and
fpoken at fuch tyme when they were more then Men, now they beginn toflorink
the Shoulder, and dowbt whether yt be prenable.

The

Book IV. Mr.Wifiv/ooDsNegotiatw7im7rance. 261

The Duke is come dovvne into the Valley of Taraute/e, and hath made fomCyf;^. 1600.
hght Skirmiihcs with Monfieur Lefd'iguicrcs who is in thofc parts, about the
Fort of St. '"Jacqnrs and Brian f on. The Anibaflador of Spayne who is here, in
his laft Audience, did playnly renounce the Duke oi Savoy, and afTcured the
King of all Fayth from his Maflcr. Notwithflanding, the Duke hath in his Ar-
my I zoo Sfaynards and Milanois ; and Don J nan di Mendoza a Captayne of
markc, who did comraaund in Savoy in the lafJ: Warres, is now there, and hath
Commaund. So that yt is to be prcfumed, ibat the T)Hke hath great afeura^ce
of forne good Jffijiance from S]^^Ync, or els he would not thus wilfully net ha-
zard, hnt playnly mine his State; for yt is playne he cannot ftand long alone
agaynfl the Forces oi France. By my next 1 hope to relblve your Lordfhip, whe-
ther Ihall be expcd:ed, eyther prefent Peace, or continuance of Warre.

The Queen will not arrive before the end of October: Monfieur le Grand is
gon to Rome, which will fomewhat prolong her coming. Yt is now relolved,
that the King will receave her at Marfeiles, which long hath reded dowbtfull,
and had yt not been fliewcd that all thofe that fliall attend her out oi Italy were
not to leave her, until! they brought her to his Prclencc, and once landed, fo
long as they fliould have beene within his Realmc, mufl: have beene defrayed by
him ; afleuredly he would not have gon : Now he will go in Pod, with fbme few
of the better fort, and after fome very few Dayes ftay there, returne back a-
gayne.

And now to conclude with that Poynt, which your Lordfliip doth towche in
the beginning of your Letter ; In this Service I can alTume nothing to my le'fe
but the Imperfections, which I befeeche your Lordfliip with favour to excufe; yf
there be any thing that can endure the Towche I humbly refer yt to your Lord-
fliip, from whom I acknowledge to have received yt. And fo being lorry that I
have fo long detayned this MefTenger, which I could not help, unlefs I fliould
have fent him away with half his Errand, I humbly take my leave.

Tour Lord/hip's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD,

Mr. Wiiiwood to Str Henry Neville.

Grenoble, lo"^ Sept.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600, O.S.

SINCE ray laft by Simons, I have Ipoken with the new Venetian Ambajfa-
dor ; to whom, after I had affured him how willing he fliould fynd your
Honor at your returne, to hold a confident Intelligence with him, and untill then
prayed him to accept of my Service, which ever fliould attend his Commaunde-
ments; I delivered the Somme of what I had Ijooken to his Predeceffor; iliew-
ing, " th' affured Commodities they fliould receave by the Continuance of the
" Warre, and in cafe that (Health) the ^ueen fliould make Peace, (which I
*' held for made, yf this Demand were refufed) the eminent Dangers which necef-
" farily would follow, whereof they were fure to have- their part, both for neer-
" nefs of Neighbourhood, and for the Goodnefs and Worth of their State. I
" prayed him to confer with his Tredecejfor, and joyntly with him to recom-
" mend the Motion to (Tower) the Seigniory, hoping yt would be kindly en-
" tertained, and receaved as a happy Augury of his AmbaiTage. I found him
" at the firft fomewhat daintie, and unwilling to apprehend yt; but before I de-
" parted from him, he promyied to confer with his Predeceflor, and to joyne
" with him effcftually to what purpofe he fliould ad vile." Whereupon I rooke
occafion to vifitt him againe, and after much other Diicourfe faUing into the mat-
ter, " I prayed him to think, that the Queen's particular Good was no more in-
" terefted in this Caufe then the affedrionat Care which flie did carry to the ge-
" nerall Benefit and Quiet of Chriftendome; for Peace flie may have yf it fliall
" pleafe her to accept of yt. And if any, I faid, fliould ask, why her Carejhould

X X X " extend

^62 Mr.WmwooDs Negotiation in France. Book IV.

extend yt fe If farther to the Care of other Trjnces ; / anfwer'd, becatife her
Tower can more abafe the Greatnefs of Spaine then the To'wer of all other
" Trynces: For his //^^i^j" are the Soul and Sinews of his State, whych yf fafe-
" Jy they may arrive home into his Coffers, and without Charge; they which
" now for many years have flept in a peaceable Seairiry, not well waighing
" ^lis T)eus ill'is hac otia dedit, fliall have caufe, and they know not how foon,
" to awake therafelves, and call their Wits about them. And that they fhould
" not yerely fecurely arrive, I faid, all Princes Chriftian without her, though
" they Ihould joyntly endeavour yt, have not Power to impeach it. All which
" he freely acknowledged, and fo promyfed, that they both would joyntly write,
" and effedtually recommend the Confideration thereof to f'PowerJ the Seig-
" n'tory. He then Izghtly touched Tome Wrongs, that had been committed by
" our Men of War upon fome of their People, and now lately in the Levant
" Seas, unto the which I could fay nothing, then, that, as in Phiiofophy, fo in
" Matters of State, particular mm non eji Scientia; fo the ill T>emeaneoitrs of
" fome private Men., were not to be imputed to the Government of the State;
" that thofe Spoyles might be done by Robbers and Pirates, inch as are not al-
" lowed by our States, but fliould, if they were apprehended, receive Juftice,
" worthy of their Demerits. I added, that if this Motion might take place, yt
" would be a means to revive the Intelligence, wherby the SubjexSts on eyther
" Syde iliould be entreated with better Relpeit.

In the Poflifcript of my lafl, I wrote unto your Honor, that there was a Cour-
rier arrived here from Rome^ with Letters to the Tatriarch, whereupon he pre-
lently took his Journey to Chambery to the King. There did meet him, the Se-
cretary of Cardinal Aldobrandino., Arminio Valent'i, who hath brought Letters
from the Tope to the King, injtantly folliciting him to accept of the Marqui-
fat, which he did prefime the 'Duke would not refufe to render ; he doth pray
him to have regard to the weaknefs of his old Age^ protefting that rather then
the Warre Jhould goe forward, he himfelf will come in Terjon to fettle Teace
between them.

" The Secretary, as he faith, did confer as he pafTed both with the Count
Fuentes and with the Duke, who both do offer all Satisfaction to the King. The
Subftance of his Commiflion, is firfl: to endeavour to make a prefent Peace : Yf
not, then to move the King to a Sufpenfion of Arms for fome few Days, and in
Caie he cannot obtaine that, then he muff intreat the King to declare himfelf
mid to make an Overture what yt is that will content him, and upon what Con-
ditions he will accept of Teace \ and thereupon the Tope will fend a Legate,
that fliall, if there be any means, bring them to an accord. So that now it is
believed, that floortly we Jhall have Teace \ and the rather, becaufe all the Coun-
faill do much afi^cdt it, unlefs Meffieurs de Biron and Lefdiguieries, whofe Mef-
tier War is. Monfieur de Rofny, who as he is of the Religion, doth acknow-
ledge it is the Warre that doth conferve them, and advance them, kit as he doth
carry the Turfe, he cry s Quorfum eft ifta perditio?

This late Ambaffage of the Count of Arenbergh, and the Refidence here of
an Ambajfadour or Agent, (for it is yet doubted what Title he carrieth,) doth
make many believe that the King of Spayne will certainely imbark in this Warre
himfelf if it continew, and therefore the Archduke (for whole Affaire it is not
convenient to break with the King) would have a Minifter of his own as a State
by himfelf; and would not be alTifted by a Minifter of Spayn whom the King
might hold juftly fufpeited.

Monfieur de Gondy hath fummon'd the Ambafladors to be at Marfeilles at the
King's Marriadge, and hath affigned them to depart from hence the 20th of this
Month, to arrive there in due tyme.

The Councill of Trent ftands in the fame Terms your Honor left \t, and Ta-
dre Maggio is at Lions and receives ftill dilatory Anfwers from the King; fuch
as neither gives great Caufe of Hope nor yet to Dilj3aire. And fo, 'i§c.

Tour Lord/hip's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.
Mr.Wm-

Book IV. Mr. Winwood'j' Negotiatmi in France. 2^3

jin. 1600.

Mr. WinwoocI to Sir Henry Neville.

Grenoble, f'l^ O£fob.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600. O. S.

BY my Letters of the lad of September, I ceitifyed your Loid(hip of the
Arrivall of Cardinal Aldobr an dint's Secretary to Chambery. The King
then was at Nijfy, whether he went unto him with the Patriarch. There they
both \xiAj)refent Audience; fince which time they have di/pacched a Courrier
to Rome. Notwithflanding, the King refufed to give his Relblution upon their
Demands, unrill he had advifed with his Counfaill ; for which purpole he hath
fent for the Chancellor and the reft of the Counlaill who remained here, to come
to Chambery, whether yefterday they are gone. What will be the Ifllie of this,
is yet doubtfuU; for though Arminio Valeiiti the Cardinal's Secretary doth re-
port, and fo hath affured the King, that he ihall find the Duke of Savoy, moft
tradable and willing to give him Satisfadion in all that he with rcafon can require ;
yet the King is othcrwile advertized, that he doth Jlill remaine as obfiinat as
ever, and refolved, rather to hazard the lofs of all his States then that he will
render the Marqtiifat into his Hands ; and ib he harh by his Letters, fince the
beginning of theie Warres, cerdfyed the To^e, with thcfe Reafbns; that to de-
Kver up the Marqtiifat unto the King, were to make himfelf and his Pofterity
perpetuall VafTalls to the Crown of France, for that being once French, he can-
not ftir out of his Doors fafely into any part of his State without a ftrong Gard
about his Perfon; or elfe he muft ever ftand in awe, and fubmit himfelf to the
Difcretion of the Garrifons of Carmignole, who at their Pleafure may feize up-
on him. Then he fliall not be Mafter of his own Subje6ts, who upon any either
OiTence conceived, or Infolency committed by them, for which they fear the
Juftice of the Law, will prefently, and may without Controulmenr, retire them-
lelves into the Marqtiifat, where they fliall not only, not be inhibited, but be
advowed and encouraged to wrong and opprefs his Subjeds.

Laftly, the Marqtiifat doth challenge by Prefcription, many Priveleages upon
the State of Tiedmont; and namely, from thence to be furniflied yearly with
luch a Quantity of Grayn as their Neceffity fliall require; which Privileages faith
he, if he fliall maintaine, either his own People rauft ftarve, or ells he muft pro-
vide, as hertofore he hath been forced, for Supplies out of Sicillie and elllwhere.
Yf he do not maintaine it, then he fays, the King of France will take this, as a
very juft and lawfuU Caufe to quarrell with him at his Pleafure. So he conclud-
eth, that it is more fafe for him to continue the Warre, retaining the Marqtiifat,
then when he fliall render it, neither to be fecure in his own Perfon, nor afTured
of his Subjedls; and yet ever to be in awe of the French, when they fliall have
beft Opportunity to offend him, and he leaft means to defend himfelf

Thefe are the Reafons whereupon his Apologie to the Fo^e is founded. Now
the King, the more he foall gaine t/pon him, the more heavy his Conditions ivill
grow.

Monfieur Lefdiguieres hath taken in the Fort of Brianzon and St. Jacqties,

which are fcituate in the Valley of Tarantefe. So that all Savoy is now clearly

in the King's. PoiTefli on, except the Fort of St. Katherine and that of Montmeli-

an\ where they labour hard, and as they fay, within few Days will begin the

Battery ; fo they have promifed long, but the Days aflign'd are ftill prorogued.

This is the Subftance of all, which if he take, it will make him haut a la main,

yf he be repulfed, as it will turn much to his Diflionor, and much difpight him,

and thereby the rather animate and incenfe him to profecute the Warre, fo will

it harden the Duke in his obftinacie and embolden him to hold out ; which ajfu-

redly he wold do, yf he might receive from Spayne ftich Afjtftance, as in Rea-

fon of State he flooidd expect ; for the Duke wants no Mectall, but the Mettall

of his Indies. Notwithftanding thefe Difcourfes, the generall Opinion here is,

that if the T)tike will retider the Mar qui fat, the Feace is made. But that he

will render it, no Man can prefume, untill the King be poflefTed of it ; fo often

hath

2^4 Mr.Wi^^ooDs Negotiation inVtmce. Book IV.

yifi. i6oc. hath he made fhew to do it, without having purpofe to perfourm it. Wee look
for a Legat from Rome to treat and conclude this Peace ; and it is thought that
Cardinall Aldobrandinu yf he come with the Queen to Marfeilles, fliall be the
Man; and fb una fide I'm, according to the Proverb, fliall perfourm the Ceremo-
nies of the Marriage, and determine this Difference of the Warre ; though in a
feaw Dayes, and fo far from Savqye, it will not be eafy to accommodate lo many-
Difficulties, and hardly he will be induced to come up to Lions, and to fpare him-
felf any long time from the Court of Rome, where he doth reign in all Soveraign-
ty without check or controul. The two Venetian AmbafTadors have joyntly
written to the Seigniory. To that purpofe they have been moved.

The Venetian Ambaffador is gone this Day to Chambery, to prefent his Sjic-
cejfor to the King, and fo with what fpeed he can, he will return, as he faith,
by the way of S^jvitzerland into Italy. The Queen was married at Florence
the 8th of this Moneth, and will be at Marfeilles about the lo^h. To morrow
(God willing) I will fet forward towards Avignon, from whence as occafion fhali
ferve your Lordfliip fliall hear from me ; and fo humbly kifiing your Lordfliip's
Hands I reft

Tour Lordjioifs in all "Duty to be commanded,

RALPH WINWOQD.

Mr. Winwood to i/r Henry Neville.

Right Honorable my very good Lord, Valenza, j^^OSf. 1600. O. S.

I Wrote unto your Lordfliip from Grenoble the j^h of this Moneth ; flnce which
time I have received from a very good Hand, that during the time of the
King's aboad at NiJJy, there grew a fccret Intelligence between the Marquifs de
Brandts Governor of the Fort of Mcntmelian and Monfieur de Rofny, who per-
haps, as he is Grand Maifire de V Artillerie, beginning to doubt of the Force of
his Cannons ; thought it the lurer Way, as he is Superintendant of the Finan-
ces to put in praditice the Virtue of his Crowns, Quid non auri lacra fames? In
Summe he hath fatisfyed the Saying of Thillip of Mace don. For upon an AfTu-
rance from the King of an yearly Eftate in Lands and PolTeffions, and a certaine
Summe of Money in prefent Payment, the Marquifs is content to betray his
Mafter, and to render up the Fort into the King's Hands. The certaine Capitu-
lations are not yet known, but Ibme Ipeak of ten Thoufand Franks the
Year, and forty Thoufand Crowns in ready Mony ; but that the Capitula-
tions are accorded, yt is afluredly affirmed; which yf they take Place, will af-
furedly breed a great Alteration in the Courfe of thefe Affairs ; For the "Duke of
Savoye was never undone untill now, nor the King never refolutely engaged in
the Warr untill now. Before, the Duke might have had Peace by furrendring
the Marquifat ; now the King will make dainty to harken to any Conditions ;
and what Conditions {o ever he fliall accept, he will never depart from Montme-
Uan, but reraine it pour la bien Seance. The Marquifs, to make his Conditions
the beft, doth make fliew to be able to bring in the Cittadell of Bourg. Yt is
true that his Brother le Count Maiou, who is the Governour of the Town, is
there within, whether he retired to fave himlelf when Marfliall Biron furprized
the Town; but one '^on^xtwx de Botmant doth command. By my next I fliall
be able to advertife your Lordfliip, both of the Certainty of this Pradlice, and of
the Particularities. The King doth dayly reinforce his Army, by virtue of the
EdicS: of the Court of Parliment at Grenoble, whereof I have fent your Lord-
ihip a Copy ; he hath zooo Gentlemen about him of this Country, and all in
good Equipage, without one Penny Charge to his Purfe.

The Ladies who are to attend the Queen at Marfeilles, pad this Way upon
Saterday laft, viz. Madames de Nemours de Guife, and her Daughter, de 'Bifi-
ni and Guiertheville. The Queen doth prevent the time of her Arrivall fome
JO Dayes, whereupon the King doth purpofe to depart from Chambery to mor-
row

BooklV. Mr.WiawooDsNegotiatmimVrance. 2^5

row to L'lons^ and from thence will haft down with all fpccd. So humbly ki/Ting An. 1600.
your Lordlhip's Hands, I reft;

Tour Lordjhifs in all 'Duetj to be commanded,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable my very good Lord, Marfeilks, i^z'^ 0^. 1600. O. S.

I Wrote unto yourLordlhip from Valenza in my Journey from Grenoble to
this Town, of a Practice then commenced between the Governor of Mont-
melian, MonHeur de Brandts, and Monfieur de Rofny, to deliver up that Fort
into the King's Hand, upon luch Capitulations as Ihould be accorded between
them. Monfieur dn Rrand'is not holding yt for his Honor to yeald up a Place
upon th'inftant, efpecially of fuch Importance; and of that Strength, as not ma-
ny Places in Chriftendom can compare with it; and therefore willing to caft
fome colour upon that which he lliould do, hath thus concluded, and for Per-
formance thereof hath delivered unto the King three fufficient Hoftagcs, where-
of one is his Nephew, and another his Lieutenant; that yf the Duke of Savoy
doth not come down within one Moneth, with a fufficient and powerfuU Army,
and therewith remove the Siege and fuccour the Place; then he will, without
longer delay, deliver yt up unto the King, with all the Artillery and Munition
that now is within, whereof thete is no Want. Yt feemeth that the Marquis
doth limit himfelf within the Compafs of one Moneth, upon certaine Letters
which lately the Duke did fend unto him ; wherein he wiflied him to remember,
how amongft many other noble and valiant Perfonages of great Honor, he had
made efpeciall Choice of him, to whofe Fidelity he thought fit to committ the
Stay and Strength of his States. He prayed him not to deceive the Opinion he
had conceaved of him, nor to betray the Truft which was repofed in his Faith
and Loyalty; afluring him, that if he would have Patience but for 15 Days,
either the King iliould quit the Siege, or he wold bid him Batraill in that Place.
The i6'h of November-, according to this Style, the time doth expire; and al-
though it is prefumed and exped:ed, that the Duke will ftraine himielf to the ut-
moft of his Power to lave this Place, whereupon the maine of his Fortunes do
cheefely depend ; yet in fo lliort a rime as 16 Days which now do remaine, there
is no poffibillity to force the PafTages which on every Side are pofi^efied by the
King, and muft be recovered, before he can bring his Army to Montmelian.
This doth breed a great Alteration in the Courle of thefe Affairs, as heretofore in
many of my Letters to your Lordlliip I have touched. For whereas before, the
King defiring nothing more then Peace, did only demand the Reftitution of the
Marquifat ; now, the Duke mtift become a lowly fiippUant, and humbly intreat
him to accept of it, and withall imploy the means of his beft Friends; whereun-
to yf with Difficulty he fliall be induced, yet we hold it for aflxired, that he will
never be brought to deliver Montmelian.

The Queen was Efpoufed at Florence according to our Stile the xS^^ of Sep-
tember: The Duke her Unckle did give the Ring in ,the King's Name, and Cardi-
nal Aldobrandino did celebrate the Marriadge. She embarqued at Livorno the
6* of OBober, but by reafon of the Seafon which hath been in thefe Parts
Stormy and Rainye, flie arrived not to Toulon before Monday laft, where yet fhe
remains, pretending not to travaill thofe folemne Feafts of All-Saints, and All-
Souls; bur as it is thought, flie will not ftiar from thence, before flie knows the
King's Pleafure, to whom Ihe hath fent Monfieur de Albene in Pofl. He is
yet with his Army, from whence he pretendeth that he cannot come, but all his
Nobility will follow after, and fo his Army fhall be difTolved ; but they which
are malicious fay, omnes qui amant^ graviter fibi dari uxorem ferunt : Before

Yyy he

2 6^ Aff. WinwoodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1600. he imift needs come, he will not come, and now he underftands Ihe is fo near at
hand, ic is fuppoled he will come in Poft ; for only here is Order taken for her
Entertainment, which is fmal and fimple, as by my next in particular your Lord-
lliip fliall receave, but for any other Place none at all.

Cardinal Aldobrandtno ^ after th' Efpoufalls at Florence, went prefently to
Bollogma, from thence he propofed to go to Millan to confer with Count Fuen-
tes, and fo into Tiedmont unto the Duke : From whence it is expedited he fhould
come to the King; with whom he willimploy all the Credit the Church o/'Rome
hath to ejfe6i this Teace ; wherein, fith Montmelian doth ftand in terms to be
rendred, he will find more Difficulty then he imagined whenfirfl he undertook
the Negotiation ; whereof in my next T Ihall have Occafion more amply to write
to your Lordfliip ; fo humbly kifling your Lordlhip's Hands, I reft

Tour Lordjloifs in all 'Duty to be commanded,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Right Honorable my very good Lord, Marfeilles z9th O^. 1600. O.S.

IN my laft to your Lordlhip by one Alderfey, I advertized of the Queen's De-
parture from Livorno and her Arrivall at Totdon ; where ihe went to Land,
pretending to folemnize the Feafts of All-Saints and All-Souls; but her purpofe
was to make ftay there, untill the King might receive her Advcrtizement by
Monfieur de Albene (whom ihe fent in Poft unto him) of her Approach ; hoping
that thereupon, he would haften down in Diligence to receive her at Marfeilles.
Whereupon the Counftable and Chancelliere did write unto her, not to negle<fl
the time, whileft the Seafon did fearve fair for her PafTage, ihewing how by Com-
maundement from the King, with the Advice of his Counfaill, they, as mofl
principal Perfonages within this Realm, were appointed to attend her there, and
receave her in his Ab fence. Upon Friday laft in the Morning ihe departed from
Toulon, and about Noon ilie arrived at certaine little If]ands, which are a League
from the Town. There the Gallies did caft Anchor, and refted untill towards
the Evening, fo that they came not into the Haven before five of the Clock.
The Houfe wherein the Queen doth lodge, doth ftand upon the Side of the Ha-
ven, from whence are made a pair of Stairs of Wood down into the Sea, which
do reft upon the bottom of two great Boats; which joyned together, and iloored
over with Boards, are faftned cloie to the Key ; whither the Galley wherein the
Queen did pafs was brought fo near, as it touched the Bafis of the Stairs. Upon
each Side of the Stairs Monfieur deLtifan had placed fome of the Scottijh Guards
to the Number of \6, upon vi'hom the King hath beftowednew Liveries, which
is no annuall, or ordinary Cuftom in this Court. Upon the Bafis of theie Stairs,
did ftand to receave her four Cardinals, de Gondy, Joyeux, Sourdys, and Give-
ry ; the Conftable and Chancellor, Duke de Gttife, Monfieur de Metz, Frefies^
Callignon : Of Ladies, the Dutchefs of Nemours, Guife, Marquife de Ttfaniy
Guerchville, Madam de Rofny, Madamoifelle de Guife, and de Vantadotir
Neice to the Conftable. Monfieur le Grand did condudt her out of the Galley.
The three Confulls of the Town, with their Affejfor in their Robes of Scar-
let, were there prefent to receave her, under a Canopie of Cloth of Silver. Af-
ter a fmal Stay, whilft the Lords and Ladies did prelent their Reverence unto
her, ihe pafted up the Staires into her Lodging, fupported on each Side by the
Cardiualls Gondy and Joyeux. The Gallys that did attend her hither are Seven-
teen in Number, five of Rome, five of Malta, and feven of Florence : For that
one of France, which carried Monfieur le Grand, returned home fome Days be-
fore, I know not upon what occafion, but as they fay, for want of Vittaill. The
Seigniory of Venice made prefer of iz Galleys, but the Great 'Duke thought

not

Book IV. Mi\W iNwooDs Negotiation m France. 26 f

not good to put them to that trouble, bccaufc they are fo far diftant by Sea.^». i^oo.
He icnt to Gefioa once in his own Name, and then in this King's Name, requcft-
ing a Company of" their Galleys, but was rcliifed in both ; the Seigniory alleiidgcd,
that their Galleys were in the King of S^ayn's Pay, without whole Permiflion
they cold not grant them. The "IDuke of Florence did forbid thofe Galleys to
touch at Gema ; yet as they paflcd they were faluted with 25- Pieces of Ordi-
nance, and two Galleys were lent forth 'ouith Trefents to the Qiieen, '■jtjhkh (he
reftifidto accept. The Galley wherein the Queen pafTcd, was made cxpreiTly
for this Voyage. It is very fumptuous both within and without, as well for the
curious WorkmanOiip, as for the Richnefs of the Matter whereof it is made. The
Men of greateft Honor that did accompany the Qiieen, are T>on Verginio EHike
of Bracc'iano^ her CofTen Germainc, IDon Gtovavni de Medice natural Brother
4:0 the Duke, and Antonio natural Brother to her, befides the moft principall
Gentlemen of Florence and Sienne, and the Choice of the Knights of the Order
of St. Stephen and of Malta. Of Ladies, only the Great l^utchejfe, and of
Mantua her Sifter. The Italians have beftowed great Coft in letting themfelves
forth to do Honor to the Qiieen, which doth appear by the Number of their
Servants, and their rich Liveries ; being all fully fuited, either in Cloth of Gold
or Silver, or Velvet all over embroidered \yith Gold and Silver.

The French Lacquies did hope to make great Booty on this Bravery, and
have plaied notably their Parts without Difference or Refped: of Perfons ; for
T>on Giovanni the next Day after his Arrivall loft his Hat, which was inatched
from bis Head ; and a great Part of 'Don Antonio's Cloke was cut from his Back.
Their Servants cold not at the firft pafs the Streets, no not at Noon-day, without
receaving fliamefull Difgraces, whereof they being by Nature impatient, have
been their own Judges and Executioners ; and amongft many that have been
wounded, they have killed out right a Lacquey of the Kings, who was fent hi-
ther to arrend the Queen, whereof Monfieur de Guife bath made Complaint to
her, but Ihe is nothing apprehenftve of it. Since her coming, ihe hath accommo-
dated her felf wholly to the Humour of France^ for flie dinerh and fuppeth in
an open Hale as the King ordmarily accuftometh to do, accompanyed with the
'Dutchejfes of Florence and Mantua, all feverally ferved in State. She yet
holdeth the Italian Fafliion in her Apparrell; her Ruff" is of the largefl: Size,
which flie weareth fomewhat carelefily ; flie ufeth no Attire at all on her Head,
but her Hair plainly and fimply bound up, without any Difguizement. She
weareth no Jewels, faving the Pendants at her Eares, which are of Pearl, and a
File of Pearl about her Neck. She is of a comely Stature, and for her Beaucy,
the Commendation which fhe feemeth moft to affed:, (for flie doth ufe no Ar i-
fice,) is to be forma 'Vxoria. The Preparations which are made here for Enter-
tainment, either in publick at the Charge of the Town, or in private by the
King, are very Imal, but what they are your Lordfliip by this inclofed fliall un-
derftand. Here are neither Excercifes of Honor to entertaine the Princes and
Gentlemen, nor any Comedies or Tragedies, or publick Feafts to give Content-
ment to the Ladies ; whereof at Florence there was Variety, full of many
witty and worthy Conceits, whereof this Dialoge will give your Honor forae
kind of taft. They were all much difcontented, that the King was not here pre-
fent to receive the Queen as he ever promifTed, nor that he is not yet arrived
fence her coming ; and the more difcontented they are, becaufe they cannot be
rclblved whether he will come or no.

The Grand 'Dutcbejfe is defireoufe to deliver the Queen to the King de mami
in mamim ; but being ever allured to find him here, flie did not come provided to
make a Land Voiage, befides the Winter now growing on, will not fiiffer any
long aboad. The Queen hath brought with her in Contant fome part of hei:
Dower, her whole Dower is faid to be 600000 Duckats, but the Duke doth de-
falcat the Moyety for Debt due unto him; but what Sume fo ever flie hath
brought, '^on Giovanni doth reflife to make Paiment to any, before he fliall
have fpoken with the King,

The

268 Mr.Wii^'''^ooDs Negotiation inVtance. BooklV^

y^n. 1600. The Caufe that the King doth not come, is firft the Compofition of Montme-
Imi^ whereof in my lad I fully advertized : Then the coming of the Cardinal,
who was expeded at Chambery the xx^ of this Moneth : Thirdly, the Advice
which he hath received, that the Duke of Savoy fliould come with Forces to fuc-
cour Montmel'ian. A fourth Realbn that is geeven, is the AfTedion to his Mi-
ftrefs, whom he did not purpofe to Licence before the xi^* of this Moneth.

We receave no Certainty, that the Cardinal is yet arrived at Chambery. The
King will entertaine him with Delays, untill he iliall be pofleffed of Montme-
lian\ and for the better Colour thereof, he hath fent hither the Chancellier-,,
without whofe Affiftance, the reft of the Counlaill will not undertake a Matter
of fo great Importance. The Warre was never fo probable in reafon to conti-
nue as now ; for it is not eafily to be beleeved, that the King, if once he be feiz-
ed.of Montmelian, will ever render it upon any Compofition; for it is the Key
of all the PalTages out of Tiedmont into France and Burgogne, and will ever be
a Bridle unto Savoy. And the Duke of Savoy is much humbled, more then is to
be hoped in a Spirit of his Ambition ; yf he that cold put in hazard all his State,
rather then render the Marqnifat, will now be brought to render it, with the
Lofs of fiich an important Place, which is the Strength of his beft State. Now
if the War go forward, it may draw jnany heavy Enemies upon the King; for
doubtlefs the King of Spayne will not fuffer him to approach too near to his
Dutchy of Milan. The Cardinall Aldobrandino will take it in a foul Scorn, to
be returned back without effe6}:ing this Peace, fith he hath now undertook to
negotiate yt. The Tope will likevvife be incenfed, both for the former reafon,
that amores & delicise lua^ Jhould receave fuch a 'Di/grace; and alfo, becaufe
that he himfelf, who would be counted Tacijicus, is not herein obeyed. The
Princes of Italy, though they do defne that the King of France iliould have a
Paflage by the Marqtiifat into Italy, yet they would always have, that the En-
tredeux of the Hills and Tiedmont, ihould be between them and France; and
can rather be contented that the Dutchy of Milan fliould remaine as it doth un-
to Spaine, then upon any Change or Alteration, yt fliould be tranjlated unto
France. For though the King of Spayne be a mighty Prince, yet becaufe his
Dominions arc fb diimembred the one from the other, and all far diftant from
thence, he is in that State but tanqiiam unus ex illis; whereas, if the French
fliould once border upon them, they may fay a dio to the Repofe of their States ;
fo unquiet are their Humours, andunfettled; ever undertaking, though feldom
ejfeBing to furpofe, what they attempt. This is that which is here lufpecSed,
that if the King fliall once attempt to pafs the Mountains, there will be a general!
League in thole Parts combined againft him. The "Duke of Guife hath lately
had an Enterprize upon Nijfa, but it was governed with fuch 'Difcretion, that
his purpofe was difcovered before he went out of this Town. Yet he came to
the Gates of NiJfa, which he found fo well manned, that he was forced to retire
with lois of fome of his People.

Here are in this Port at this time fix Englijh Shipps of London, and the Weft
Country. Yf the King come, they are all in danger to be arrefted, for as I am
informed there are 5^0 Inhabitants in this Town, which will joyn in one Supplica-
tion to the King, to give them Authority to feaze apon them, for recompenfe of
great LolTes to the Value of 30000/, which they have fuftained by our Men of
Warre within this twelve Moneth. Yf occafion fliall require, I will not be want-
ing in my Duty, both to follicitt the King and the Chancellor, that both our
Merchants may receave Juftice as the Subjed:s of their Ally, and that the Trea-
ties between the two Crowns may be oblerved in this Point. Here are now in
this Town two Irijh Men, accompanyed with one Archer an Irifh Jefuite, who
•are fent unto Rome from Tironne and Odonnell, with Letters to the Tope and
Cardinall Mathieo the Prote<5tor of the Nation. This Arrand is to get fome
Money from the Tope, and Letters of Excommunication againft all fuch Irtjh
Catholicks, that fliall refufe to joyn with the Rebells. Cardinall Sourdy hath
received the fe Men into his TrotediioHi and will give them Paflage in his Gal-
ley to Rome, I under-

Book IV. Mr.Wmw'ooDs Ncgotiatioji ift'Erance. 269

I undcrftand that there was a Freuc/jwau called de Coffe lately in England, An. i6oo.
from whence he came xnAugnjl lafl. He frecjucntcd, as he fliith, theMoufe of
my Lord ^/"Canrerbiiry. He himlclfgivcth forth, that be \x,'as hnj^loyed thither
by the Toj^e, of •whom he hath an yearly ^Fen/ion, and to iijhom he is now going.
I have thought good to advertize it, that if he comes againc, he may be enter-
tained as he dclcrveth.

Amongft other Men of QiialHty that are come with the Queen, here is Cava-
licro Viuti, Secretary of State to the GrcafDnke. I held it convenient to pre-
fcnt my Service unto him, which I have done. I have been twice with him, the
firll: time there palTed nothing between us but CompHment in gcnerall Termcs :
" Only I prayed him at his Good Convenience, to affure the Queen of her Ma-
" jeflie's kind and loving Affcdion, from whom Ihe ihould ever rcceave all good
*' Offices of Amity, and Alliance, which were to be expedcd jfrom a Neighbour
" Princefs. I faid moreover, that tho' the Journey were long, and the Seafon
" of the Year not fit for travaill; yet {o foon as the King mail refbive of the
" Place and Time to folemni/e the Marriadgc, the Queen would fend a Nobleman
" of her Realme to congratulate her Arrivall in France ; who fliould give iuffi-
*' cicnt Teflimony, what Comfort ihe doth receave in the Advancement of her
" Honor." He did generally touch the matter, which lately I did negotiate
with their Secretary here, but did not fully declare himfclf, praying me to find
a time to Ipeak with him againe, which I did this Day. " He began very Ib-
" lemnly to protefl:, what great Obfervance and dutifull Refped: his Mafter did
" bear to her Majeftie; how he hath ever reverenced and admired her Ver-
" tues, and wiflied her in all her Affairs, above any other Prince, the hap-
" pief!; Contentment {he might defire. That he knew fo much his Mailer's
*' Mind, with whom he had the Honor to have dayly Converlation , that Ihe
" could demand nothing which might be granted, without Prejudice to his Ho-
" nor, or Detriment to his State, wherein he would refufe her. But thele (faid
" he) are things not to be defired: To affifl: the Queen in herWarrsagainfl the
" King of *5^^7/^, whofe Vaflall he is for the State oi Sienne : To enter into
" Alliance or Confederation with her, to draw a Warr upon his own Back: To
" engage himfelf into a Difpence which his Means cannot ftiflaine. I prayed him
" nor to miftake the Point, for this was the Motion which her Majeftie did
" make; That though fhe might have Peace with fafe and honorable Conditions;
*' yet becaufe ilie held yt more fafe for the Repofe of Chriftendome in time to
" come (the Care whereof is no lefs dear to her, then the time whereof ilie hath
*' prefent feeling) to continue the Warr, if other Princes, who have as great
" caufe to be fenfible of Pofterity, wold be content to contribute fomewhat to
" the Charge of the Warre, the maine Burden whereof flie wold fupport, and a-
*' lone endure the Travail!, and adventure what Danger fbever might enliie:
" She thought good, I faid, to make this Motion to the Duke, as to one that
" hath the be ft 'Tower to bear fart of the Charges, and mofi caufe to fufpeSi
" the Greatnefs (?/*Spayne. I concluded, that herein her Majeftie would not
" further importune the Duke then he in his Judgment fhould approve, that to
" continue the Warr, was to continue the publtck Repofe and ^iet ofChri-
" Jiendom; and that therein did confift the Safety andlVellfare of his farticu-
*' lar State.

" He anfwered, that to contribute to that purpofe was to break the Amity his
" Mailer held with Spayne. That what he fliould contribute could not be any
" great matter of Moment, either to invite her to the War if fhe wererefolved
" to make Peace, or to perlwade her to Peace, if ihe were difpofed to make
" Warr. Other Princes were as much interelled in the Caufe, and as able to
" bear part of the Charge; more obliged to her Majellie, and might intermedia
" in this AfTair with lels fear to be fufpeded, and lefs Danger to their State, if
" it fliould be revealed. But yf there were prefent Doubt that the King oi Spayne
" fhould over-run his Neighbour Princes, unlefs fome certaine Sume were dif^
" bourfed, his Matter in iuch a cafe woldflraine himfelf From thence he wold

Z zz " have

V

270 Mr.WiiiVioo-D s Negotiation in'FrancQ. Book IV.

y^//. i(5oo." have returned to the generall Form of Speech which firfl he ufed : But I pray-

' ed him to rcfolve me if he had Commilfion from the Duke to give me An-

" fwer, and if this were it; he anlwered, he had no Commandment from the

«' Duke to give me Anfwer, but to confer with me about it. The Duke had

" but received his Secretary's Letters from hence at his Departure from him; fo

" that he had not advii'cd ib fully of this matter, as he wold do at his Return.

" I prayed him at his return to procure Anfwer with what convenient Ipeed he

" might, for thereupon did depend her Majejiie's Refolution for the Treaty

" with Spayne." Then he came to fpeak of Cardinall Aldobrandino, of whom

there is no News fince his being at Turin with the Duke. Then of the Peace

which he Teemed to fear wold take place ; and of the King, from whom they

have heard nothing fince their Arrival!. He told me, that the Grand Tiutchefs

was defirous to confign the Qiieen into the King's Hands, but if he came not the

fooner, ilie lliold refolve to leave her here, and return home to Florence. Mon-

fieur le Grand went yefterday to the King in poil, to fee what he can prevail

with him, to perfwade him to come heather. In the mean time the Gallies lye

here at the King's Charge, which doth amount to 4000 Ducats the Day. I am

informed by fome of our Eiiglijlo Merchants, that at fuch time as thoie Edidts

were publiihed at RochelL, whereby the Freedom of our Merchants was much re-

ftrained, (the which Edids at your Lordfliip's Inftance the King was pleafed to

revoke) there was a Colledtion made by the cheif of our Merchants which trade

there, to the Sume of 300/, Starling, which they pretended was to be imploy-

ed for the redeeming of their antient Privelidges, and abollifliing the faid Edidts.

I underfland that there is now a Contribution \xi hand about the fame Pretext,

to the Sume of 3000 Duckats, for the abollifliing of the Arrefl lately made at

'Paris, concerning the Reglement of our Englijh Cloaths which are brought to

Rouen. Ottwell Smith is one of the CoUedtors, and one Comes, who likewife

did gather that Contribution for Rochelt. I have thought good to advertize your

Lordfliip of thefe Pradtifes ; whereby in my Underllanding the poorer ibrt of

Merchants are abufed, and perhaps the Reputation of her Majeflie's Minifters

wrongfully flandered.

I have lent your Lordfliip a Tafquin made by fome one, who to gaine a little
Reputation of Wit hath cad off all Honefty and fober Difcretion. And fo, S^c .

Tour Lor djhifs, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

S'ir Henry Neville to Mr. Win wood.

il/r. Win wood, London, %^ Nov. 1600.

IReceaved your Letters by Simons more then a Fortnight fince, and I recea-
ved alio another from you fince that of the 30* of September. I have been
enforced to defer my Anfwers thus long, becaufe >that in the chief and mayne
Points of them, namely the Negotiations you have had with {Advice and Re-
fpeBJ the Venetian and Florentine Ambajfadors ; (State) the ^een hath been
very irrefolute how to proceed. Partly from a Diffidence, that (Riches and
Towers) the Great 'Duke's and the Segniory of Venice"?, good Affedion, will
extend no further then to Words and JViJhes, apd an Unwillingnefs thereupon,
to difcover any Indigence with no hope of Fruit ; and partly upon an innate and
inveterate Humor, to defire things till they be offered, and then to negleB them.
I do not doubt but in the end, any good Offers that fliall come from that fide
will be willingly embraced; but till we fee fome liklyhood, we are loath to dif-
cover our felves to need any body. And therefore I am willed for the prefent
thus to diredl you ; to entertaine the Matter as you have begun in Generallities,
and to advertize any particular Overtures that they fliall make ; and if you be

prefTed

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooD'j Negotiation in France. 271

prcfTcd to open your Icif upon any Particulars, to anfwcarc that I will be very _/in. 1600.

Ihortly there, and that 1 ihall come furnifhcd with Power and Inltrudlions to treat

of it. Withall I am to let you knovve, xhx: jour Troceed'mg^ both in this and

other Things, is very pie a fin g and acceptable here-, and lb much delivered open-

ly by Mr. Secretary in the Prelence of the Lord Grey-, Sir John Stanhope and my

Iclf; whereupon my Lord Grey tokc occafion to do you Right in a very kind

manner.

I am now at length inforccd to return into my Charge after long Conteftation,
even to the Extremitie aimofl: of a Committment. All I have wonnc, is a Con-
firmation of the Qiiecn's Promife, that I ihall but ferve out my two Years; which
how it will be kept I know not, but I have now fomc more ground then I had
to prels it, and I leave my Wife behinde to Ibllicitte it: I thinke to fet forward
on my Jorncy aFortcnight hence. I put it off all I can, bccaule I wold avoyde
any further Jorney then toTaris, hoping that the King will now be thinking of
his return thither to inthronize his new Queen; whereof I wold have been very
glad to have undcrflood fome certainty from you, and do yet defire to know as
loon as may be, what is the King's Purpofe in it; that at my coming loTaris, I
may be able to refolve what to do.

We have News here come from Taris-, that Montmelian fliould be rendred,
and the Fort St. Catherine is likely to run the fame Fortune. Notwithflanding,
we perfwade our felves, both upon your Letters and otherwife, that all iz'i II end
in an Accord by the Tope's Mediation, which I pray you to penetrate by all
means pojjible. Of the Solemnitie-, and all Circumjiances of the Queen's Re-
ception and Marriage, you fliall do well to certify very particularly, for fucli
Things pleafe here very much. Touching the Treaty with Spayne, you know
in what terms it was left, and how far it hath been fince proceeded in, you fliall
perceave by thefe inclofed Copies. We are in very little Conceit of it at this time,
for (State) the ^een feems refolved not to abandon {\%oHope) the States of
Holland, without which the matter will prove full of inextricable 'Difficulties.
Notwithitanding, it is good for our Affairs that it Ihould be conceaved otherwile
abroad, and you fliall do well to entertaine all Men in an Opinion of fome fpeedy
iz^iydrfpj meeting about it; and fo it is likely ynough there may be, though
as idle as the former, to carry on our otherTurpofes.

Out oi Scot land v^c hear, there is a Purpofe in this next Parliament to reunite
to the Church all Abbey Lands, which accords well with that Advertizemenc
which you fent from (Poverty) Colvel. Bruce, and fome other Miniflers are
put from their Charges, and baniilied Edinbourg Town and the Court, with an
exprefs ^Prohibition not to come into England. Their Crime is, that they refu-
fed to declare the Confpiracy and Attempt of Gowry and his Brother againft: the
King, in fiich fort as they were required. The Erie of Argyle and the Lord
IVeames pafTed this way lately into Scotland-, They fpake both with the Queen
publikely in the Prefence Chamber, and were gracioufly ufed, but had no pri-
vate Accefs to her. I do not find that the Advertifement he receaved from Sir
Thomas Er skin prevailed with him, for I know that hevifited (i6) Mr. Secre-
tary Cecyll particularly : He was defirous alfo to have viflited (4^ ^8) the Erie of
EfTex, but it was not thought fit ^ otherwife, then in the Tennis Court, where
the one came in whilfl the other was playing.

The Erie oi Ejfex continueth yet without Accefs to the Court. At Micha-
elmas lafl his Leafe of the Sweet Wines expired ; and after a Moneths Sufpence,
whether it fhould be graunted him or nay, it is at length put into Sir Henry Bil-
lingfley's, Hands, and others, to husband it for the Queen, which is no Argu-
ment of any fiich relenting "Difpoftion towards him as was fuppofed. Yet
notwithflanding there is an Expectation of his running at the Coronation-T^ayj
and that it fhall be the firfl ftep of his Grace and Accels to the Court : But I am
not very prone to beleeve it. New Officers or Counfaillors there are yet none
made fmce you went ; there hath been fome Conteflation and yet is, for the
Chancellorjhip of the 'Dutchy^ between Sir John Stanhop, zndSir Edward Staf

fordi

272 Mr.WinwooDs Negotiation inVrancc. Book IV.

y^n. 1600. ford, and the Queen devided between them upon Promifes claimed by both. My
' Lord of Rutland-, my Lord of Southampton , and my Lord Grey, are returned
out of the Low-Countries ; and an Opinion there is, that the two latter are made
Friends by the Queen's Commaundement.

Out of Ireland we have good News, That my Lord 'Deputy hath forced the
Paflage of the Moiry upon Tiron himfelf in Perlbn, who had entrenched himfelf
in the place, and hath killed five or fix hundred of his Men, and fo made him-
felf way to Armagh, where he intends to leave a Garrifon, and fo to returne to
T>uhlin. The Province oi Munfter is almoft reduced from ad:uall Rebellion, and
the pretended T>eJmond fled into Connaght, who hath very few Followers: And
the reftorcd 'Defmond is by this time arrived there, whole Prefence it is hoped
will ferve very much to fettle Matters there. The Sales are Jhut tip, and a Tar-
lament appointed in February. The Lands of the Bilhoprick of Ely which were
exchanged, are appointed to be fold, to pay the City, and the DutchefTe of Len-
nox's Lands to (top another Gap. There is a Company erecting of luch as fliall
trade to the Eaji-lndies, and a Fleet already deffeined for it, whereof the Charge
will arife to 50000/. Your Advertizements from (Riches) thelDuke 0/' Florence
will be very kindly taken. The Queene hath written an Anfweare to his Let-
ter, and conveyed it, I take it by fome Merchants means.

I have receaved your Bill for the xoo Crowns you had of Mr. Willafioiis Re-
fpondent at Lyons, and paid the Money. And lo hoping to lee you fnortly at
Tar is, or further off if there be no Remedy, I commend me very heartily unto
you, and committ you to God.

Tour very ajfured Freind,

HENRY NEVILLE.

T. S. We have News heere lately arrived, that the King will not return to
Taris all this Winter: If that be fo, you know I muft not llay at Taris. And
therefore in that Cale, you lliall do well to fpeake, that I have a convenient
Lodging appointed in the Place where the King means to refide. I have recea-
ved all the Letters you mention, faving that of the 1 5* of Augufl, which periih-
ed with Richard the Poll, between ©f^/^ and Dover . I had purpofed to have
fent by an exprefs Meffenger, but that is ftaid till we heere once againe from
you; therefore I thought good to -fend this by the way oiRoilen.

Mr, Beak's and Mr. Edmonds's Anfwer to Rkhardofs Letter.

A7

Monfieur, A Richemond ce d'Odtobre 1600.

OUS avons regeu la voftre du i^'"^ de ce mo is, laquelle nous avons efi^
confiraindiz de communiquer a fa Majefte, tant pour Pefclaircir fuivant ce
que nous luy avons faiB entendre de PEftat auquel nous avions laifse le traiBe,
comme atijfy pour f^ avoir fin bon plaifir fur les inftances contenues en voflre le-
tre. Et fur ce, nous avons charge de vous dire, que Von trouve fort eftrange
le fuhjeEi devoftre dite letre, efcripte en termes fi generaux, fans jious efclair-
cir de ce que nous aurons a attendre plus particulierement de vos intentions ;
ce qui join ^ ^ fe rapport ant aux autres circonfiances de vos procedures, at-
tendu que fa Majefte s'eftoit foubmife a tant de raifon, que de s" accommoder a
une egalite, a ce que Pune ny V autre des parties ne receuft prejudice, nous fait
penfer avoir jufte occafion de croire que Von ait chaiige d'advis & iajfeEiion, @
que ce ne foit a bon efceint, que Von propofe la pourfuitte de ce traiile. Tou-
tesfois, fa Majefte defirant tousjours fe juftifier de n' avoir rien obmis en cela,
de ce qui deuft dependre d'elle, @ ne voulant ourdir les premieres noeudes de fan

* Vid. Sir He«rji i<ievii% Letters of the fecond and fiftsenih of Novmber, reluing t > th s Affair.

amitie

Book IV. ilfr. Win woodV Negotiation in France, 273

am'ttid fur nne fanffe tramc; dejire que vons foyez efcla'trcir que cenx desTro- An. 1600.
viuces Unies font fermemcnt refohis, (non ohjiant toutes inflances) de n'enten- -
dre a la Ta'tx ; nyans mefrnes (come fa Majejid vans ajfeure en fqy G? honneur
de Trince) p'Otefte de nonveau a l^encontrejjar leur popre Agent., tout fraifcbe-
ment retournd de leiir part vers elk. TeUement.> que fi le Roy d'Efpagne ^
leurs JUejfes ayans change d'av'ts, dcliherent, de ne traiEier avec fa Majefie
fans que ces Meffietirs y Entendcnt quant c? quant, nous pouvons bicn cone lure,
que nous f mimes an bout de notre Tralcle : Snrquoy, fa Majefie defire recevoir
prompt ement leurrefolution. Mats fi ainfy efi, qtCHz, perfeverent en cefle vo-
lant e de trailer avcc elle fepareement ; pour les efclaircir femblablement de
quelle rondeur elle veut procedcr en cefi endroiEi, afiii d'empcfchcr qu'il ne fe
face phis d'ajfemblees inutiles de leurs deputes, aii defhonneur des uns & des au-
tres ; auffy b'len fir la difficult e des poin&s qui fe doibvent vuider, comme du
differcnd pajfe ; fa Majefid pe7/fe mieux convenir, pour plus clair ement ^ plu-
fiot s'entr entendre, que Von cotiche ^ prefcnte premiereinent chacunfes deman-
des, ^ que Von face fir ice lies prompt e ^ direSle refponce. Et fi pour mieux
faire entendre & debattre les raifons firquoy fe fonderont lefdites demandes, on
trouve bon d" envoy er par de^d a cefi effect quelque perfonnage entendu. Von en
envoierd d'icy an mejrne temps tin femblable par deld : par le defmeflement def-
queles, avant que de s'en retourner, les affaires pourront eftre entiereraent ef-
claircis & vtiiaes a Vijfiie que "Dieu les aura 'ordonnds, a ce qu'il ne fe face
point par apres d' Affemblee mal d propos. A quoy fi Von fe veiilt refoudre^
nous de [irons que Von jjy achemine promptement. Sa Majefie penfe par cefie
claire & direSie procedure, vous tefmoigner affez fa fincerite; a quoy, fi vos
Trinces ne fe veulent difpofer a correfponder, fa Majefie fera confirainEie de
s'excufer, tS jufiifier envers le mOnde de ce qui en pourra naif re a Vadvenir.
^hiant a notre partes Monfieitr, nous nous evertuerons tousjours fidelement d
faire tout bon office en un ouvre fi chreftien, felon Voccafion que nous en donne-
rez ; de fir ant que fur ce nous puiffions recevoir frompte refponce, ^ ainfy vous
haifant bien htimblement les mains, nous demeurerons. Monfieur

Vos bien humbles & affedionnes Serviteurs,

Rob. Beale. Tho. Edmonds.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

il/r. Winwood, London, 1$"^ Nov. \6oo.

I Wrote unto you the lecond of this Moneth by the way of Roiien, and fonie
few Days after I fent you by Tarnel (one of the King's Courriers) a Letter
of Advice, and a Bill of Exchange from Mr. Bafh to Conftantin for ^ol. Sterl.
and have here inclofed fent you the fecond Bill for the fame. Mr. Bafh hath
likewife written unto him to deliver you what you fliall require befides. About
four Days fince 1 receaved your Letters of the 5''^ and 7* oiOEiober : Whereup-
on, mifdoubting I Ihould receave no more in any fhort time from you, I obtained
Warrant of Mr. Secretary to difpatch this exprefs Meffenger, that he might be
returned againfl: my Arrival atTaris, and bring me fome certaine Advertizement
from you, what the King means to do, that I may thereupon determine either to
ftay for him at 'Paris, Or go on further. By my laft I fignifyed, that for fome
refpecSts, I was willed to dire(fl you to entertaine in Generallities, the Overtures
you had begonne with f Advice and Refpe£iJ the Venetian and Florentine Am-
bajfadors, referring the Particulars till my comming; for it is purpofed, that I
fhall bring full Power and Inftru£iion, to agree of all thofe Particularities
that you wrote of. In the mean time, if they have propofed any thing that ihall
be needfull to be thought of, I pray you advertife it by this Bearer, that I may
procure a fpeedy Refolution in it, before I coaferr with them,

A a a a Touching

274 Mr. Win wooD'jA%(9f/^f/6>72/;z France. Book IV.

An. 1 6oc, Touching the Arreft of the Privy Council there, whereof both you and I have
-' complayned; although Monfieur de Villeroy hath told you, that he had fent the
King's Anfwerc to his Ambaflador here; yet we can receive none from him but
this, that he will undertake that the Merchants Goods lliall not be confifcated,
but of any dired: Anfwere touching the matter, he will take no Knowledge.
Which kind of juggling between them, ?nethiuks is very Jirmige, and dejerves
to be tmre ferioujly a])prehetided then 1 fee it is-, but at my coming I will put
it to an liTue one way or other.

We have divers Bruits here of the Count Fuentes joyning his Forces with the
Duke oi Savoy, and of an Encounter between them and the King's Forces, where-
in the French fliould have had the word ; alfo of the yielding of Mojitmelian to
the King before the Term expired, upon private Conditions made by the Gover-
nour ; and of a Difcontent grown between the King and the Duke ofGjii/e about
the Difcovery of an Enterprize upon Nijfa, all which I give no Credit to, be-
caufe you write nothing of them.

Of the Marefchall ^ir<97^'s proceeding mBreJfe, we have heard nothing along
time, neither know we whether the Cittadell of Bourg be rendered or not, or
what Refiftance is made in thofe Parts. I pray you advertife, i£;hat Conceit you
learn that theTrinces <?/" Italy have of this JVarr \ and penetrate as much as
you may, what the King's Intentions are if the War Jhould co7itinue. It is like-
ly, that at the Cardinall jildobnandino's, coming, there will be fome fecret Tra-
£iice againft them oi the Religion. I do not doubt but they be jealous ynough
of it, and therefore open-eyed to oblerve what is done : And I know not to whom
they ihould more gladly communicate it, then to her Majeftie's Minifters. Dis-
cover I pray you, what you may of it, and let me underlland it. I would be
glad to have the Contract of the King's Marriage, I pray you procure it if you
can. Hearken after Aldobrandino'j- Negotiation by all means. We are full of a
Report, and almofl of an Opinion, that he which hath been fo long a Trifiner
at Venice, is now difcovered to be the trne Sebaftian, by many fecret Tokens up-
on his Body; confirmed out oiTortugal by thofe which knew him both Child
and Man. I pray you inform your felf well of it, and clear us of that Point if
you may. If (Refolution) the 'Duke de Bouillon be come to the Court, I could
wifli you did found him and (Religion) Monfieur de Rhofny, to that Effed that
I have written heretofore ; for we are now in great Hope of the Redudion of
(a ifi) Ireland^ upon the Succefs we have lately had, and therefore the more
prone to embrace hopefull and generous Counfaills. So that any Encourage-
ment from thence would come very feafonably to embark us frankely into fomc
gallant Action. {^\i 28) The Earl of EfTex is no Acilor in our Triumphs, as I
wrote was conceaved, but yet is not out of hope of fome Melioration of For-
tune. Out of (xof) Scotland we hear, there is no good Agreement, but rather
an open Diffidence between (165" CounfailJ the King of Scots and his Wife; and
many are of Opinion, that the Diicovery of fome Affection between her and the
Earle Go wry 'j- Brother, {who was killed with him) was the true ft Caufe and
Motife of all that Tragedy. Yf you meet with Colvel at Avignon, I hope he
hath delivered you fome more Light of their Intentions. His lad Advertize-
ments which you fent by Simons, were not to be contemned ; we are much
diftafted with that which we hear dayly to that purpofe. But I do not lee that
we go about to provide any Remedy, efpe daily any Lenitive, but rather fuch
as is likely to exafperate, and confequently hajien the Mifchief We have yet
no Anfwere to the Letter written to Richardot, whereof I lent you a Copy ia
mine of the %^ of this Moneth, therefor I can make no Judgment of the Progrels
of that Matter. But my Opinion is , we may be feconded in any competent
meafure from thofe Parts; otherwife there is no doubt but we iliall be forced to
ftrike Sayle in the end.

The /;/(^i^^ Voyage goeth on a mayne, the Charge will be, about 5-4000/. I .
pray you lay hold of the Offer made you by {Advice) the Ambaffador of Flo-
rencct for the fettling of Intelligence from. (A loo) Spaine: And if you light on

anv

Book IV. Mr.WitiwooDs Negotiation in'pYSince, 275

any other good means whiles you arc in thc(c Parts, ncglcd it not. I Tuppofcyf// kJoo.

you make i'omc u(c of{'DiJ//mula!iou) the T>iike dc Elpcrnon'j- Secretary \ which

if I might know, I would provide a Nagg to bcftow upon him. I think to be at

""Pans about the middle o^lJcc ember; where, if you find the King reiblvcd to

come thither before Chrijimas, I would you would meet me ; but if otherwife,

write me i'o much by this Bearer, and ftay till you hear againe: For if the Kincr

be likely to return to Tar is within a Moncth after I comc7 I will make no haftc

to him, othcrwilc I will refolvc to go on. And lb for this time I commend

me hartily unto you, and committ you to God.

Tour very loving Friend.^

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Winwoocl to Sir Henr<y Neville.

Lions^ ^oNov..
Right Honorable my very good Lord^ 1600. O.S.

BY thofe Letters which I fent by Mr. Heale, I advertized your Lordlhip of
fuch Occurrences, as that prefent time did yeald. The Grand "Dntchefs
-not finding the King at Marfeilles, (as at her Departure from Florence^ accord-
ing to PromiJb and Appointment from hence, flie afluredly expeded,) difpatch-
ed prefently a Meflenger to the Great 'Dtike^ to know his Plealure whether Ihe
Ihould accompany the Queen any further ; the Duke returned Anfwer, that with
the fir ft Opportunity floe floonld returne back.

The King before her Departure caufed to be prefented unto her from him a
Table Diamond, and another to the Dutchefs of Mantua, valued feverally at
1 5-000 Crowns. He prefented to the three Princes , Virginia, Giovanni, and
Antonio, to each of them a Jewell to wear in their Hatts : To the Generalls of
Malta and Florence Chaines of Gold, with his Medaglia, of 500 Ducats a piece,
and to the under Captaines of loo Ducats. The 'Dutchefs departed from Mar-
fellies the 5* of this Moneth. T)onGiovanni returned with them ; IDon Antonio
doth remaine in France, where he hath hope by his Sifter's Greatnefs to advance
his Fortunes. Don Virginio made lliew to depart with the Galleys, but after-
wards came dilguiied to Avignon. He hath a purpofe to pafs through France,
and I underftand into England and the Low Countries, in which Places he doth
defire to pafs his time, during the time of this Tope ; againft whom, as he hath
(as he pretendeth) juft Caufe of Difcontents, fo for a Difgrace which he lately
at Florence did offer to Cardinall Aldobrandino, he is willing to retire himfelf ;
knowing how unequall a Match he is to conteft, either with the Malice of the
one, or the Tower of the other. A thing as it feems fatall to his Houfe, ever
to iland in yll Termes with the Popes. For fo his Father Taulo, fearing the Dif-
pleafure of Siftus ^lintus, firft retired himfelf to Tadua, and there finding him-
felf not fafe, intending to fly into Germany, died at Como by Milan. Afterwhole
Deceafc, this Man, by Mediation of this Grand Duke, to make his Peace, was
contented to marry the Sifter of Cardinall Montalto ; upon whom, (after the
Death of the Duke of Tarma who v^^as Gonfalonier della Chiefa) Siftus ^in-
tus beftowed that Eftate : Which he retained untill the late Marriage of Ranucio
Duke of Tarma with the Niece of this Pope, who hath invefted him in this Of-
fice, as arbitrary to be conferred at the Difcretion of the Popes.

* Now when Cardinall Aldobrandino made his Entry of late into Florence, the
Duke attending at the Gate to receave him, under a Baldochino with a Iblemn
Proceffion ; Don Virginio, to perform his Service to the Legato Apoftolico, took
his place next before the Baldochino, in Form and Order as Gonfalonier della

vide Memoires de Bentivoglto, Vol. r,

Chiefa,

2"] 6 jlfr. Win wood'o Negotiation in France. Book IV.

i6oo.Chiefa. The Great Duke knowing how yll pleafing this wold be to the Cardi-
nal!, praied him to forbear, which at his hiftance he was content ; but refufed
his Attendance otherwife then in his due place, and fo went away, and with
him Don Antonio and Giovanni, for thefe three draw all in one line. Whereup-
on Don Virginio prefuming that this will be offenfively taken, holds it moft af-
fured for his Safety, to abfent himfelf, both from their Prefence and their power.
The Quarrell between the Galleys of Florence and Malta for the Place, where-
of in my Letter to yourLorddiip I advertiz.ed, was. lb forward, that the Gene-
rall of Florence imparted the Matter unto me with this Speech : That whereas
the Great T)uke his Mailer hath ever held Amity and good Intelligence with her
Majefty, and hath ihewed himfelf always ready to detend her Subjed:s, as well
trading within his own Dominions, as the Dominions of his neighbour Princes,
from all Wrongs and Dilgraces that might be attempted upon them ; fo he prayed
me, that I wold be a means, in Cafe this Controverfy between them and Malta
could not peaceably be determined, that our Merchants Ships which were in that
Road, which he faid were fix in Number, well appointed with Men and Muni-
tion, wold lend them their AlTiftance to recover their Right.

I anfwered, that her Majeftie was ever willing to preferve the Amity which
ihe held with her AUies, and particularly her Intelligence which Ihe held with the
Great 'Duke\ to whom yf fhe were indebted for any Courtefies which either flie
or her Subjeds had receaved, it was not for want of Abillitie, or good AfFedion,
but of convenient Opportunity and Means to requite them ; when Occafion lliould
prefent itfelf, Ihe wold embrace it lb far forth as the Duke in his own Difcretion
wold advife, or her Honor with Safety wold permit. For this preient Motion^
I praied him to confider the Circumltances ; that thofe Ships which were there,
were Ships of Merchants, armed to keep themfelves in Peace, not to make Warr
upon others; that they were now in a Port, as in a Prifon, at the Devotion and
Mercy of them who were not the beft affecSted to the King of Frajtce, over
whom he did command but by Trecario ; and fo ill afFedled to our Nation, that
they did but defire any colourable Pretext, to make a Prey and Spoile of them.
That their adverle Party was of a Religion, which being contrary to that which
our Church doth profeis, the Malice of the World wold judge, that our Men were
rather principal Agents in the Quarrell, then Favourers or Abettors in the Caufe.
Upon thofe Reafons, I laid that I did hope he wold not hold it convenient that
our Merchants lliould joyn with them to aflail them oi Malta; but in Cafe they
would not underftand reafon, but fliould offer violence to aflail them, our Mer-
chants with their beft means would make it appear, that they were Subjeds of
the ^teen of England; with whofe good Plealure it cannot ftand, that the Duke
of Tofcanye lliould fuffer Wrong, whileft her Subjects have Power to uphold his
Right. He departed well fatisfyed with this Anfwer, but I heard no more of
him, for the Matter was taken up in this manner : The Generall of Malta did
acknowledge by Writing under his hand, that the Place which his Galley held,
which was next to the King's Keale , was at the firft aboard taken by Chance,
and for the better Conveniency for the Queen's Landing, not of milice or pur-
pofe ; neither Ihould it hereafter be urged in prejudice of any right that might ap-
pertaine to the Great 'Duke; and to avoid all further Debate which might arile
for the Preceancy at their iflxiing out of the Port, the Gallies of Malta were li-
cenced to depart at their Pleafure, as they did four Days before the Grand
Dutchejfe. The Tope's, Galleys, had no particular Admirall but were under the
Admirall of Florence^ and fo attended the return of the Dutchels. The ^een
did let forward to Aix, the fame Day the Dutchejfe return'd for Florence. There
ihe was fblemnly received by the Court of Tarlament. In the middle of the
High-Street^ there was eredied an Arch Triumphant, wherein were painted the
Conquefts of Savoy, and under was written Subaudia redaBa ; there was the
Pidture of the King on Horfeback triumphing over a Centaur e reverfed prelenring
up a Crown, with this Word Opportune. In the Compafs of the Arch which
was at the Gate, were written thefe Words, Heros, Natura Genius, Luxns

rara

Book IV. MrWiawooDs Negotiation inVrance. q-j-j

vara Celt arum. From thence flic pafTcd to ylvignojt, where they fparcd neither ^/^. i6od*

Cod nor Care to rcccavc her, whereby they might iliew their Devotion to her,

and that Eftatc, which they defue the King jliould believe the Church doth make

of him; and which likcwile they know, he doth afTcdl that they of the Church

fliould hold of him. The cheif Gentlemen of the Town, with the Choice of

their Youths, did go forth to meet her. At her Entrance into the Gate, as file

did fit in an open Litter, (for io fiie paffed through the Town,) they did prelent

unto her three Keys of Silver Gilt, which are the Armories of the Town; the

Houies were all hanged with Tapeftry, and the Streets over head covered

with Canvas; at every turning that ilic paflcd, there were Speeches made

unto her, with variety of Mufick in all kinds. There were ercdted feven Arches

Triumphant, (under the which Ihe did pals,) in Honor of the King and her,

whereof by this incloled your Lordlhip Ihall underftand the Particulars : She

ftaicd there only one day. At her Departure, the Vice-Legat^ in whole Palace

Ihe was lodged, prelcnted her from the Town 100 Pieces of two Crowns the

Piece, which of purpole were ftampt with the King's and her Image. Upon Sa^

Uirday llie is looked for at a Houfe in the Fauxbourghs called La Motte; where

Ihe is to (lay, untill the Preparations for her Entry into this Town be finillied,

which were lately begon and go flowly forward. The King yet hath not feen

her.

Montmeltan, "according to the Capitulation with Monfieur de Brandts, was
render'd the 6^'' of this Moncth. Yt doth now appear, wharfoever was pretend-
ed, that there was no default within the Fort, but want of Courage in his 'Per-
Jon, and of Loyalty to his Prince ; he is now retired into Switzerland, and
Monfieur de Crequy is Governour in his Place. The Duke of Savoy, by the
Valley of Aottf, came down with 14000 Foot and 2000 Horfe, but did not at-
tempt to force the PafTages, which long fince were polTefTed by Monfieur Lef-
deguieries, and fo retired back with his Forces. Yt is reported, that he had in
his Troops 5:000 Spaniards, which were lupplycd him by Count Ftientes. Car-
dinall Aldobrandino hath been at Chambery thefe xo Days. He doth afi!ure the
King all Satisfaction, both for the Reilitution of the Marquilat, and for the reim-
burfement of the Charges which he hath bellowed in thefe Warres ; for it is laid,
the Pope hath yet another Niece, to whom Monfieur de Savoye doth pretend
Marriage, of whofe Dowry he will retaine fo much in his Hands, as fiiall give
Contentment to the King : As yet they are not entered into a Treaty. TheDe-
puties for the Duke arrived at Chambery on Fryday laft ; but the King, entreating
the Cardinal to juftify in his Prefence at Lions, what in his Abfence he had
done at Florence, went the next Day to the Fort of St. Catherine, which he
doth preflime prefently to carry, and at the Inftance of Mefiieurs of Geneva^
who are content to retrench 1 00000 Ducats of the Debt which is dew unto them,
he hath made them a part of Promife, to raze it to the Ground. So we look for
him here at the beginning of the next Week with the Cardinal, and the Deputies
from the Duke for the Treaty. What will be the Ifiue thereof, is very uncer-
taine, for there are many Arguments Pro and Con. The Pofe will ule all his
Power and Credit for the Peace, the Princes of Italy do much affed: it ; the
King himfelf doth defire to return to his Eafe and Repofe. Thofe of his Coun-
faill who mod do govern the Affairs of this State, do labour for it, holding it in
their Confcience not lawful, to make Warre againft a Catholick Prince. The
NobiUity in generall do the fame, who otherwife muil follow the Warre at their
own Charge. But the happy Succefie of this Warre doth give them Courage,
and the late rendering of Montmelian hath much altered their Humors, which
they will be loath to forgoe, and yet they muft not look both to keep it, and to
make Peace. I fliall be able in a few Days to advertize your Lordfliip, what Relb-
lution herein lliallbe taken; for the Cardinal will not ftay long about it, who
doth defire to be at Rome before the end of this Year.

Bbbb At

2 78 Mr.Wi^v^ooD s Negotiation inV tancQ. Book IV.

yf». 1600, At my coming from Marfeilles, there arrived feven Galleys of Spayne from
Genoa at the Iflands, which are within a League of the Town; wherein did re-
turn the Conftable of Caftile., and with him there was Cardinall Colomia : Who is
fent from the Toj^e to the King of Spayne^ only to let him know, the Care and
Paines he taketh to accommodate thofe Differences between the King and the
Duke. (12.8) The States Agent is returned to this Court ; but Monfieur
Villeroy hath given him fuch a wellcom, as might have made him fall into a
Relapfe ; for after a feaw Dayes that he had been here, he w'ljhed him to forbear,
and to retire himfelf told him that his Tre fence would be difpleafing to the Car-
dinall, and fo might breed T>ifgrace to the King; for jujl Exception might be
taken, that (144) the French King Hiould have about him {G.ybyrublxig^io)
an Agent of the States, but thus far mildly. But when he told him, that (Hope)
the States did purpofe to fend an (xxuzxllxt) Ambaffddor to fOrm du c s hgy s hj
congratulate the (xoscxsgm) Marriage; then he began to Storme, asking
whether he thought that the King wold reeeave one of that quallity from
(^htwcwpwsa) the Rebells of (19) the King (//Spayne; and afTured him,
that yf they fend any fuch, (Felicity) the King /hall be enforced fo to declare
them, and to forbid {S-vuoddenouzld) his Subje6fs all (xf^kmiyige) Com-
merce with them. Yt was replyed, that there had pafTed many (dhczvshxws)
Treaties, wherein (120) the States -were termed {6yttoudJ Allies. But he
was willing to dijiinguiji? times; Necefity did enforce the latter, andreafon of
State, unlefs they did govern themfelves more foberly, would enduce the other.
So they hold lupum auribus. Not to (xhf^J fi^^d, were to fliew little relped:;
and yf they do, they doubt whether he iliall be receaved. I undei-fland that
whilft I was at Marfeilles, there came to this Town an Englilhman with Letters
unto me. He was informed here whether I was gone, and when I wold return :
he departed from hence ^o Days fmce. I neither can learn his Name nor his Bu-
fynels, neither whether he is gone, nor whether he hath purpofe to return this
way. In hope to hear of him, I have deferred the clofmg thefe three Days.
And fo, ^c.

Tour Lordjhifs, See.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Lions, 4 'Dec.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600. O. S.

I Receaved your Lordfliip's Letters of the 9* of September, the 24* of No-
vember; and thofe of the -iA of November, the 25"* of the fame. I was
doubtfiill what to do in tl^at matter which the former Letters do handle, becaufe
the latter makes no mention of that Refolution, which Monfieur de Villeroy did
promife to fend to her Majefty by Monfieur de Boifijfe, in the fame Caufe where-
of I advertifed by my Letters of the 5-* oi September; fearing leafl by not under-
flanding what fince hath paffed, I fliould committ fome Errour by Indifcretion,
and thereby rather recule, then advance the Affair. But becaufe the Party who
doth follow the Bufinefs, did bring with him Letters in favour thereof from Mon-
fieur de Boifijfe to the Chancellier and to Monfieur de Villeroy, I have thought
good to deliver the Letters, and then to proceed as the prefent occafion ihould
dire(5t. When the Chancellier, had read the Letters which I delivered unto him,
" he told me that it contained two Points, the firft concerning the Arreft, which
" our Merchants defired might be explained ; the other concerned a Sentence
" publifhed by the BaylifFof RoHen, which we pretend doth impeach the Li-
" berty of our Trade. He remembred that I had heretofore follicited him in
" the former; wherein as before, fo now againe, he faid, that the Mafter of Re-
" quefs who made the Report of the Caufe, did affirm that all Parties that were

" intereftcd

Book IV. Alr.W iNwooDs Ncgol iationinlttance. 279

" intcrcftcd therein, were agreed, and coiifcnted that it fliould pafs in the fame yjfu. i6oo,
" Form that now it is conccavcd. Vet if it may appear that the Arrejl be prc-
" jiidiciall to the Liberty of Commerce, which by the Treaties between the two
" Crowns hath been cflabhAicd, he would not be unwilling to have the Matter a-
" gainc revifcd: But laid he, you Ihall do better to have Patience until! our Re-
" turn to !P<7ri.r, whether we are now going. I nnf^^ercd, for the may n Point
" which wc defircd, it was, that the Rigour of this Arrcfl might be mitigated:
" wc would liibmitt ourlclves to be advilcd and ordered by him, when, aud\vhere
" to follow it. But untill that Comodity did lerve, wc did defire to have a Sur-
" feance grauntcd for the Execution thereof, that our Merchants might, as here-
" toforc, fccurely trade, without Danger to incur the Penalty of the Arreft. He
" faid, a Surfeancc co\A not be graunted but upon fom ground. I replyed, that
" thole Oppofitions wliich We did make, were Realbns fufficicnt to graunt a
" Stir fiance forj^b fliort a time, which he fliould not do without a Precedent;
" for that the premier Trefident of Roiien, only upon a Letter from Monfieur
" de Boijiffe^ had ibfpcnded the Execution for three Months, which time was
" now expired. Thereupon he was contented I iliould deliver to ^onfxenx de Mejfe
a Remonjtrance, (which the Advocate did draw, with other Pieces) to make Re-
port of them to the Counfaill. Monfieur de Vilkroy was not then come to the
Town. The Day after his Arrivall, I delivered unto him Monfieur de Boijiffe's
Letter, and then follicitiiig him in the Matter, " he asked me whether your Lord-
' ' iliip were not at Tar is. I anfwered I underftood not fo much, but your lafl
" did advertize, that e're long you would be there. Then he wiflied, the Matter
" might reft untill your coming. I told him, in the mean time our Merchants
" at Roi'ten were in paine, who lived there and fpent upon the Stock, not daring
" to Trade, leaft their Merchandize, by the Rigour of that Arrefi, fliould be
" confifcated. He anfwered me, that Order was taken to the contrary by the
«i premier Trefident. I anfwer'd him, that that Order was to continue but for
" three Months, which time was already expired. But if it wold pleafe him
" to write unto him for the Sur feance for a longer time, our Merchants there-
" upon might adventure to revive their Trade, which of force otherwife wold
" be extinguilhed. He promifed to write to the purpofe I had fpoken; fo at my
" Departure from him I did remember him of it, but then he faid he wold advile
" of it ". Since I have foUicited him, but am delayed, which makes me doubt
no great good will be done, untill your Lordlhip's coming. As for the Sentence
of the Baylijfe of Roiien.^ I have joyned it in the Remonftrance to the Chancel-
lor ; though he faid, that our moft expedient Courfe had been, to have made the
Greivance known to the premier Trefident of Roi'ten, who wold not have re-
fufed to do, what Juftice in that Point doth require.

The Queen made her Entry into this Town, upon Sunday was Se'nnight. She
did lye the Night before, in the Subburbs beyond the Rhone in an Inn, becaufe the
Houfe called la Motte, which was appointed for her Lodging, was not fufficient
to lodge the Ladies which did attend her. She returned to la Motte to Dinner,
where the Souldiers of the Town did mufter before her, and afterwards did
march before her into the Town. This inclofed, will deUver unto your Lord-
lliip, the Preparations which within the Town Were made for her Entertain-
ment.

The Fort of St. Catherine is to be rendred to the King upon Capitulation, the
7* of this Moneth. Meffieurs of Geneva are in great Hope, that the King
will deliver it into their Hands, to be razed. Whilft the King was there before
it, Monfieur de Beza came forth to prefent his Duty unto him, whom the
King receaved with great reJpeEf, and at the departing from him befiowed on
him 500 Crowns. There is yet another Fort called Alinges, which yet is not
rendered; the King hath fent Monfieur Allen to fummon it.

The King cmie to this Town upon Saturday Night, whilft the Queen was at
Supper; whomhe did long behold unknown, among many other that were there.

At

2 8 o Mr. Win WOOD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

y^n. i6oc. At the taking up of the Table, he retired into his own Chamber, where he ftay-
u ed, till he undeiflood that flic was gone to the Lodging, whether he went to her.
She met him at the Door, and offered to kneel down, but he took her in his
Arms, where he held her embraced a long time. He ftaied with her till he M'as
called to Supper; after he had fupped he returned, where when he had enter-
tained himfelf fome time, he retired to his own Lodging, williing her to go to
Bed, whether he wold come and find her, which he did accordingly ; though
flie praied him, after his wearyfome Jorney, rather to repoie and refreih him-
felf. He doth profefs to the World the great Contentment he finds in her; how
that for her Beatify, her fweet and p leafing Carriage-, her gracious Behaviour ^
JJye doth fiirpafs the Relation which hath been made of her-, and the ExpeSia-
tion which he thereby concealed.

The Ceremonies for the Marriage fliall be on Sunday, which attend the Arri-
vall of the Legat. Who ever fince the King left him hath been z^'hambery, treat-
ing with the Deputies, viz. for the King, Monfieur de Syllery, (who came with
the Galleys from Rome, in whole Place no Man is yet defign'd) and the Prefi-
dent Jeannin ; and thofe for the Duke, Monfieur de Alymez and d'Alconat.

No Judgment can yet be given what will be the IfTue of this Treaty. It is laid
that the Duke of Savoy is nothing humbled, whole Deputies fpeake in as high a
Stile as he did atTaris laft Year; braving, that their Mafter will recover in four
Days, what the King hath gained in four Months. They will ufe all means here
to pur off the Treaty, or to draw it into length; upon hope to bring in the Ca-
ftle of Bourg, which cannot long hold out, being disfurnillied of Wood, Wine,
and fiifficiency of Vittaill. The King will prefently go thither, and the Queen
with the Counlail (as we hear) lliall go to Machan, which is not far from
thence. Notwithftanding, we hold that in fome few Days fome Refolution will
be taken, for the Legat will not ftay long, and to fend him away without fome
Contentment were very flraunge. Some hold rather Truce then Peace: Others
think, that to content him, theCounfailofTxtnt/hallbereceaved, and theje-
fiiits eftablijhed. Which bath a very heavy Oppofition, for the former will
breed a generall lyifcontentment to all 'Parties, and the latter as di ft aft full to
the Religion, and not well-pleafing to the beft ajfe[ied Catholicks. I wold not
have omitted in my former, to have advertized your Lordlliip of the King's Re-
folution to bellow this Winter, if either any had been taken, or upon probable
ground it might be conceaved what he will do. I can allure your Lordlliip no-
thing. The Chancellor laid, as before I have written, that they were to go to
Taris. I underftand, that upon Sunday, the King told Madam de Guife, that
when Monfieur de Villeroy did arrive, order lliould be taken to fend them all to
Taris. The generall Defire doth draw all thither, elpecially of the great ones,
who have fpent the Money they brought heather, and have no Credit to take up
more.

I was defirous to found Monfieur de Villeroy, but I could get no other Anfwer,
then that the Affairs of France, are not refolved fo far before hand.

doth fpeak confidently from Monfieur de Rofny, who doth purpofe iliort-
ly to be at 'Paris, that the War jhall continue, atid that the King will not ftir
from hence. But though the War continue, to what purpofe fliould he ftay here
four Moneths doing nothing ? For untill May he cannot ftirther advance his For-
ces. I will be vigilant to learn what may be known in this matter, and dayly will
advertize. I fliould be forry your Lordfliip fliould have fo long and tedious a Jor-
ney, in this Seafon of the Year.

I do hear nothing from {'Power) the Seigniory ofYtmcc, it may be they at-
tend the Return of (12,6) their Ambafador ; neither in hafte will any thing come
from {Riches) the Great 'Duke ; for {xmrfdr) Vinti is yet in Town. I have
been intreated by a Gentleman who doth accompany "Don Virginio into Eng-
land, (whereof in my Letter of the zo* of November I advertized) to addrels
them by fome Letter to fome one, who wold vouchfafe to make them have the

fight

Book IV . Mr. W i n w o o d'.^ Negotiation in France. 2 8 1

fight of the Court, and acccfs to her Majcftic. I have given them a Letter to^;/. x6oo
your Lordfhip. And ibj ^c.

2'of/r Lordflyifs, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Lions, 8* T)ec.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600. O. S.

MY laft, which I lent by Tarnell the King's Pofl, will advertize your Lord-
fhip of the prefent State wherein all matters here do ftand. I now will
anlwer unto thofe Demands, which your Lordfhip in your laft hath propofed. I
have heard nothing from {'Po-jver) the Seigniory <?/" Venice, and no more from
{Riches) the T>nke o/' Florence, then I advertized in thole which were lent by Mr.
Heale ixpm. Mar fei lies. And if thefeWars doflill continue againft the Duke of
Savoy, that once the King doth advance his Forces up towards the Mountains, I
fear they will defire to be excufed ; pretending that they are like to have their
hands full at home, and may have Caule enough to imploy their Treafure to de-
fend their own Ellate. And yf they had purpofed to conrribut any thing, per-
haps they had rather, that what they fliould conrribut Ihould be imployed this
way, to divert thefe Forces from their Coafts, then againft him, who only mufl
"make Head to fupprefs thofe Attempts, which at leaft will diftemper that fettled
Repofe, which now for many Years they have enjoyed.

We underlland that they arme in all places of Italy, and yt is long fince that
the Venetians have reinforced their Frontiers oi Milan. And now in the State of
Genoa, there is a Levy made of Souldiers, though yet not known whether to
ferve their own State, or for the Service of Tiedmont. It is difcourfed here, that
the Trine es of Italy will ajfiiredly league themfelves together, to impeach this
Tajfage over the Mountains. For although Italy be Gravida Imperiis, and
every Trince hath his feverall Eflate; yet they are all but one Body, and the
Nearnefs of Neighbour hood, and the Inter courfe of Commerce, the\Freenefs and
Liberty of forreign Traffick, whereon their Greatnefs generally doth depend,
will make them fenfible one of another's Grievance. Milan is the Place for
which France doth only pretend. But the Seigniory of Venice well underftand,
that tunc fua res agitur. They know by themfelves, thatT)efire hath no End, nor
Ambition any Meafure, wherin it is confined. When the Tope was lately in
Arms ioxFerrara, he was once in purpofe tofhave craved Affiftance ixovuFrance :
ThcVenetians then decreed to fend unto him, and to wilh him to make his Peace,
for that they were refolved to oppofe themfelves, againfi the Entrance ofKxmi
fouftieri into Italy.

There is lately made in Italy a Table, whereon is painted this King, armed in
all Pieces, conferring with the Tope fitting in his Tontificalibus. The Doge of
Venice ftands by with his Senate, looking through their Spectacles, and liftening
what they fay. They have this Motto written under, Noi havere il Re di
Francia per amico, ma non per vicino. Then there is the Duke of Genoa and
his Senate, and they are all wrapt in Gowns Hn'd with Furr, and yet they quake
either with Fear or Cold. The King of Spayne is painted walking in a Garden,'
and playing with Boyes and little Children. The Duke of Savoy and his Chil-
dren are there, all ragged and torn, ready to thruft their Heads into an Hof-
pitall.

Here is a Speech, and it is faid the Marquifs oi Brandis did deliver fb much
to the King, that if he did continue the Warre againft the Duke of Savoy^ he
knowing how unfitfficient he is to withftand his Force, was refolved to quit his
State to the King «/" Spayne, from whom he fljould have fome Government for
himfelf as to he his Lieutenant over Italy and Sicily, and Trovifion for his
Children in Spayne, whether he would fend them. Count i^^/^/z/^fj hath lent no

C c c c Forces

282 Mr.WmwooDS Negotiation in'^mncQ. Book IV.

j4n. 1600. Forces for Savoj, that he will juftify. It hath been confefTed by PrKToners that
have been taken j that there are in the Duke's Army ifoo Spaniards, fuch as
were cafliier'd fince his coming to Milan, and for no other purpofe^ then that
they iliould go the rather, without his Advow, to the Afliftance of the Duke,
hath told me, that they ferved under the Coilours of Spayne ; but I
think he fpake what he did defire, not what he knows.

There hath been no Battle, nor any Skirmilh worthy the writing; for the
Duke hath no PafTage open to come out of the Mounraines, v/here he is walled
in, and Monfieur Lefdigiiieres doth there attend with his Troops, to provide that
he fliall not force a coming forth. Yt is not doubted, but that the King of
Spayne will declare himfelf, yf the War continue. He doth levy 6000 Men a-
mongft the five Tetty Cantons, and a great number among the Grifons-, who are
his Confederates by a League defenfive, for the State of Milan.

Monfieur An fell did lately fend hither a Copy of a Requeft, prefented by the
AmbafTador oiSpayne there to the Emperour, for 5-000 Lanfquenets and a 1000
Reijiers, for the Defence of the Marqtiifat ; and withall the Emperor's Anfvver,
granting the faid 'Demand. Monfieur de Rochpofs Secretary is lately return-
ed out oiSpayne; who doth aflure, that there they fpeak nothing but of Warr
with France ; for which purpofe, they make great Levies both of Men and Mo-
ney.

At Lisbone they have made an Embargo of 30 French Veflells of one for an-
other, but how to be imployed is not yet dilcovered. It is exped:ed that t\itLe-
gat will advance his Religion what he may ; both in Favour of it, and in Hatred
of the other ; and that he will follicite the Reftitution of the Jefuites, who
fwarm about him, and who were promifed to receive Contentment at his com-
ing by the King-, but that was at fiich a time as he little thought to have fe en
a Legat here. And fo in like manner the Reception of the Councill t?/' Trent,
whicn the King and Counfaill will not refufe ; be it that they dejlre it Jhould
be receaved, {as undoubtedly feme of them do) or that thereby they wottld ap-
prove their particular Devotion to the 'Pope , when they know it is not in
their Tower to effect it. For the Tarliaments all, even the mof Catholick,
will refijl it.

Within thefe three Days there was a Report delivered to the King of ibme Re-
metiement in Guienne by the Religion ; wno by Violence iliold take from the Re-
ceaver, certaine Somes of Money for the Paiment of their Garrifbns. Yt is ta-
ken to be but a cunning Device (as a thing which eafily wold be beleeved, as
often threatned, and ever feared; and which at length, and that before it be long,
will fall out) feign'd at this time, both to call the Religion into Hatred, whilft
the Legat is prefent, who upon that Ground may work their Difgrace ; and al-
fo the more eafily to induce the King to a Peace, for whofe Safety it will nor
be to make Warr Abroad, when he Ihall not be alTured of his Subjecfts at Home.

OiNijfa there is no more then heretofore I have advertifed, nor any liich mat-
ter of Difgrace, or Difcontentment to the Duke oiGuife; between whom and the
Duke of Efpernon there lately iliould have been a Combat. The Ground of the
Quarrell is de pere en filz, but the frefh Occafion is diverfely reported : that
which is generally lpoken>is this. At Chambery, Monfieur de Efpernonhtm.^ talk-
ing with the King, there entered into the Chamber where they were Monfieur
de Giiife. Monfieur de Efpernon faid foftly to the King , That Monfieur de
Guife had none of thofe good Fajhions and Graces, that the Duke his Father
had. This is come to the Knowledge of the Duke of Guife. Upon JVednefday
laft at Night, when they, with many others, had brought the King to his Lodg-
ings from a Ball, Monfieur de Guife comes to Monfieur de Efpernon, and embra-
cing of him, fliaking him fomewhat roughly, Monfieur de Efpernon alked him,
if he wold wr eft le; he faid no, not with fuch a werijb lean Fellow. The other
reply ed, that he had Tith in his Arms, and was too well underlaid to be over-
thrown by him. Monfieur de Guife faid, that he had overthrown him as often
as he had undertaken to do it ; the other anfwered, that thefe were but Words,

and

Book IV. Mr. Winwood'j Negotiation in France. 283

and fo they departed. The next Morning the Duke of Gtii/e lent one of the An. 1600.
Captains of his Guards, called Momplaljir^ to Monfleur de Efpernon, to tell
him that he did attend him at a certaine JJlaiid in the Rofnc, -jvith his Sivord
and Dagger. Monficur dc Efpernon, raking his Word that he was there all a-
lone, prHently went with him; but before he could come to the Gates, theKing
had commanded that they Ihould be fliut, and charged his Guards that no Man
fliould go forth : Yet that Evening he went forth of the Town by Water. The
King fcnt the next Day after them both, and \\^qv\ Saturday they returned in this
Town, not having one met with the other.

I cannot write to yo\ir Lordliiip of Sebafiian at Venice, more then already
you underftand. I have Icen four Letters written from Venice, the Copies where-
of T'exera had delivered to Mr. Stallyn for you , which in my Judgment
prove not much. Here is one called Cicipano de Figeredo , who fometimcs
Iiath been Governour of the Zi^r^^f^^'rfi'j-, who doth foUicite the King to write to
the Seigniory for the Enlargement of their King. But the King doth abfolutely
refufe to write in public k to the State; pretending that the King o^S-paiue, (with
whom now he is in Amity) Ihould have jufl: Cade to take Exception againfl: fuch
proceeding, whereby an Impojior Ihould be fuborn'd to difturb the Qiiiet of his
Dominions, whereof he hath been in Peace pofTelTed thefe twenty Years. Yet
he doth promife to write in private to Ibme of the Chief of the Seigniory, with
whom his Letters, in Favour of tliis Caufe, may prevail.

The Cantons hold now an AfTembly at Baden, and are upon the point to quit
the Alliance they held with this Crown ; feeing how long in vaine they have
been fed with Promiffes, and deluded with a continuall Expectation, without ha-
ving yet touched one Penny more then the 1 5*0000 Crowns, which was at the
beginning of this Summer fent them by Monfieur de Vic, who remains there, A-
gent for the King. It is thought the King will fend expreflly to them, to hold
them ftill in good Devotion ; and Monfieur de Mejfe is named for this Imploy-
ment.

The Legat arrived at this Town upon Thurfday Night, where he kept his
Lodging fecretly all Fry day. Upon Saturday Morning he went forth out of the
Town, and in the Afternoon made a very folemn Entry. The Princes and No-
blels of the Court went to bring him in, with the Chief of the Town. He was
received at the Gate imder a Cannopy, with a folemn F^roceffion of all the Or-
ders of Religion. The Houfes were hanged with Tapejiry, and the Souldiers on
each fide of the Street, with their Captains and Lieutenants did attend him. On
Sonday the Ceremonies of this Marriage were folemnized. There was a great
Aflembly of People ; There were three Cardinals befides the Legat, viz. Joyeuxj
Gondy, and'Gie^iry; all the King's Counfaill, I except not Monfieur de Rofny,
and fome twenty Biihops. The King came not into the Church till after two of
the Clock in the Afternoon ; he came only attended by his ordinary Servants,
for the Counfaill were there in the Church long before. The Queen came with
him, fupported by Monfieur d.e Conty and Monfieur Mompenfier. She was atti-
red with her Robe Royall, made of purple Velvet all embroidered over with
Flours-de-lis of Gold faced with Ermins, and lined with white Taffaty. The
Traine was of an exceeding length, held up by Mefdames de Nemours, deGuife^
the Countefs of Avergne, and Madamoifelle de Gnife, aflifted by two Gentle-
men, for their more Eafe. She did wear about her Neck thtCarquan which the
Kincy did caufe to be made for her^ valued at x^ooo Ducats. Upon her Head flie
had a Crown of Gold, all befet with precious Stones, efteemed between 40 and
50000 Ducats. Before the Altar there was a Seat ereded, where the King kneel-
ed on the Right-hand, and the Queen on the Left. The Legat did fay theMafs ;
which being done, the King and Queen defcended towards the Altar from their
Seat, and there the Legat, with certaine lliort Prayers and Benedi<5tions, did
publifli the Marriage. There was then by the Heralds, a Largefs caft of Coyn
made of purpofe, (whereof I fend fome Pieces to your Lordliiip) to the Somme
of 500 Ducats. About four of the Clock the King did fit down to Dinner.

There

284 Mr. Win WOOD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. i6co. There was in a lower Halle a Cloth of Eftate fet up, and under that a long Ta-
ble, and at the upper end another Table joyned a la fotance. The King firfl
being fate, there fate by him the Legat and the other Cardinatls; after them
the Tdtriarch., then the Ambafladors of Spayne and Venice. At the upper end
of the Table that made the Totance, the Queen did fit on the Right-hand of the
King, and at the fame Board, but afar off, the PrincefTes and Ladies of better
Qiiallity. On the other fide of the Halle, there was another Table for Ladies
of an inferiour Rank. The King was ferved l)y his Princes and Nobles. The
Prince of Conty was the premier Maiftre d'HoJiel, the Duke Mompenfier was
Cup-hear er., the Duke oiGuife was Carver. The Count St. Taul Grand Mai-
Jii^e, in the Abfence of Count Sqyjfons, who is yet at St. Catherine. The Duke
oi Never s premier Servant. But the Ceremonies in the Church, and the State
of this Feaft, the Coiifufion and Diforder of the Multitude did utterly dilgrace;
which was fo great, as greater cannot be imagined. About feven of the Clock
there was a Ball, where the King did dance with the Queen; but the Room was
little, and the Prefs fo great, that they were forced prefently to give over.

I cannot aflure your Lordlliip of any Refolution that the King doth yet take,
either to ftay here, or to return to Taris. Yet every Man is in hope, that at
the end of thisMoneth he will return. AndMonfieur de Bernighen did advife
me to write to your Lordftiip, not to remove from Taris^ for that he did think
the King would not long be from thence. He will fliortly go to Botirg, which,
as it is faid, doth attend his coming before it will render ; becaufe the Captaine
and Souldiers do defire the fame Honor, which Montmelian and St. Catherine
have had before them. The Legat hath all this Day been with the King's Coun-
faill. By my next I iliall be able to advertize your LordHiip, either of Peace or
Warre.

The Merchant is returned with a Letter from the King to the premier Treji-
dent 0I Rouen., Willing him to continue the Surfeance of th^ArreJi yet for fome
certaine time -, but for more Affurance, I hope to procure a Surfeance under the
Great Seal. I will not forget to procure a Copy of the Contracf for the King's
Marriage, which I hope to bring with me in my return to Varis. And fo, 'k§c.

Tour Lordjhip^s, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Afr.V/inwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Lions, ii l^ec.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600, O. S.

I Have forborne to write fince my laft by Simons, attending the IlTue of this
Treaty with Savoy, whereon the Refolution for all other Affairs doth .cheef-
]y depend. The which, though hitherto it hath been carried very clofely, and
with much more Secrejy then ordinarily is practiced in this Court; yet I think
I may prefurae to advertize your Lordfliip, that notwithftanding fo many Rea-
fons of State, which to the 'Judgment of the World Jhould have enforced the
Continuance of this Warre, the Teace is now at length concluded. So facredis
the Legafs Authority here, and fo devoted to his Service are thofe powerftilL
Inftruments, which have wrought this Work.

I am not llifficiently informed of all the Particularities of this Accord, but in
generall thus much I underftand, that the Mar pd fat doth (\i\{ remainetothe^^ai^-;
and in Exchange, La Brefs entirely on this fide the Rhofie, with the Balliages
thereto appertaining, fliall come to the King, according to that part of the al-
ternative Treaty, made between them the laft Year in Taris. But herein is re-
ferved a free Paffage, for fuch Supplies of Soldiers, as fliall be fent to the Afli-
ftance of the Archdtike, ovit of Spayne, Italy, or Trovence. For the Expence
which the King hath made in this Warr, he long infifted upon 800000 Duckats,

but

BookiV. MrW li^wooii's Negotiaimi inVrancQ. 28 §

but 600000 arc accorded; and for the AfTurancc, the King (uiitill the Rcim- An.xGoo,

burfment) fliall rctaiiic fuch Places, as now he holds in Savoy. Tlic Fort of

St. Catherine is to be razed, and I think, that is the greateji Favour Mef-

ficnrs of Geneva, do find. The Kiii^^ doth rcnonncc all other "his Prctcnfions,

only the County of iVic^ flull remainc as now it Hands, without Prejudice to

the Right of cither Party. The only Agents in this Treaty, are the Chancel-

lier, Mcfficurs de Rbofiiy, de Vilkroy, de Sillery, and the Prcfident Jeannin.

The other of the Couniaill, not only not nfcd, but not acquainted ixjith the

'Proceedings.

TheReafons pretended foir this Peace, are the want of Treafure to piirfue the
Warre; the Importunity of the Sujitzers for their Debt, for which at prefenc
12.00000 Duckats are promifcd within fix Months; the imagined Preparations of
Spayne to (liccour Savoy ; the iJi^rongfuU Informations againft the Religion., ma-
licionjly fitggejledy but fine ere ly believed.

Ycrterday the King fpake with the States Agent, android him, that he recei-
ved Intelligence lately from Monficur de Rochepot, that there were icco Spani-
ards ready to embark for xkit Low-Countries \ he wiflied him to advertize yr,
that Order might be taken to meet with them. He made this Aniwer, that tho'
their Purpofe was to come by Sea yf the Warre did continue ; yet when they
ihall underftand that the Paflages fliall be open, by reafon of the Peace, they will
alter their former Deterrnination, and take their ordinary courfe through Tied-
■mojit and Savoy, whereupon he prayed him, fo much to tender and refpe£t their
Good, as now that it -was in his Tower to cut off all thofe Succours from
their Enemies, by impeaching their T' a jf age, not to bereave himfelf of fo great
a Royalty, whereby he Jhall engage them to acknowledge from him the Confier-
'uation of their State. The King anfwered, that he had made his Peace, and his
Word was pafled, to grant the Spaniards PafTage into the Archduke's Country.
And your Maflers, faid he, are the Caufe, that Imiift makemyTeace; who did
not govern with better "Difcretion, the Vi5iory which they gained by the late
Battle. ,. , .

Monfieur de Comartin, Prefident of the Grand Counfalle, doxh fliortly go to
Vervin, there to meet with the Deputies from the Archduke, to eftablifh a free
Intercourfe of Traffick and Commerce between France and thofe Dominions.
There hath lately been a little Brouillery mAnjou; whereby the Fermiers of
Salt wold have enforced the Noblcfs to take their Salt, in that manner as the
meanei- fort of People are bound to do. The Noblefs have fent a Gentleman to
inform the King of the Truth of the Caule, who takes it yll, and imputed it to
one Monfieur de Clairmont of the Religion, and to Monfieur de Plejfis ; whofd
Penfions he hath fufpended, upon pretence of that Treatize which he hath writ-
ten in his own Defence, touching * the Conference at Fontainbleau, And fince
likewife in Anjou, there is a Captaine of the Religion, named La Febbiere, aa
antient Servitor of the Kings, who being polTelTed of a Chafteaii called Vefiinz, al^
figned for the Exercife of the Religion by Virtue of the Edict, by Treachery of
his Sergeant an Alleman, (corrupted for 300 Duckats by the Seignior of the
Place) is not only difpoffefTed of his Government, and by Violence kept out;
but his Goods and HouHiold-ftufF, which were thereinj are detained from him.
The Gentleman is here, and hath made his Complaint. The King's Anfwer is,
that he fhould have kept better Guard. Monfieur Calladoun^ who is Deputy
for the Churches, hath likewife complained of this Irifoiency. The King doth afk,
whether they mean to make it a publick Caufe. He anfwered, that the Caufe
of the Religion was interefted therein, and likewife his Honor, by whofe Com-
maiindement, that Place was afiigned for that 'Vfe. But the King reply ed, that
they forced him to do that, and many other things more, coritrary to his hlonor
and Confcience. Notwithflanding, at the Inltance of the Deputy for the Reli-

* This Conference was between Monfieur de Pleffis and Cardinal Perron.

D d d d gion^

"^J

2S6 Mr.Wii^'^ooDs Negotiation inVrancQ. Book IV.

y^u. 1600. gion, he hath commaunded the Governor of this Town, M'onfieur de laGuichei
to luffer the Religion to be exercifed at a place called 2)?^//>/, within a League
of this Place, according to the Form of the Edid, which hitherto he hath vio-
- lently refufed.

The Jefuites as yet are not received, but mull attend the King ^LiTaris. As
for the Councill oi Trent ^ it is committed to the Var lament (t/' Paris, to exa-
mine the particular Articles of every feverall SeJJion ; and to relate to the
King,- what they find doth imfugne the Prerogative of the Crown^ or the Li-
berty of the Church <?/" France.

We only here attend the Departure of the Z/f^.^? ; who is defrayed by the King
at the Charge of xooDuckats the Day. He takes his way to Avignon, and fo to
Antibes. He will not linger by the way;- yponAdvertizement that he hath re-
ceived, that the Cardinal St. George his-C(0'en, doth endeavour in his Abfence
to fupp I ant his Credit and Refutation ixjiiiy the Tope. So foon as his back is
turned, I do mean, God willing, to fet fo'fward towards y^r/>; but before, I
hold it not convenient to depart, leaft upon any Alteration of thefe Affairs, the
King fliould change his Purpofe, who as yet is refolved to be at Taris by the
end of the Moneth that comes. In the mean time, I have thought it not amifs to
lend thefe Letters expreflly, being unwilling to adventure them by. the ordinary

. Other Ceremonies or Solemnities there have been none for this Marriage^ then
before I have advertifed. TheQuarrell between Monfleur de Gnife znd-de Ef^
pernon, is accorded by the King, they both profejfjing before him to forget all
'Difcourtefies-, becaufe he wold have it fo.

Don Virginia is fome Days fmce gone for England. Don Antonio is returned
to Florence; wherein he is not ill advifed, for his Company here was nothing
gratefull, nor his Behaviour much pleafing to this Court. Cavalier Vinti is yet
here, and it is thought he ftays here, for a generall Acquittance from the King
Upon the Payment of the Queen's Dowry, which doth not amount to more then
3 50000 Crowns. Hereof in time may arife a great Quarrel. For the Duke Fran-
ce fco left only this Daughter, but fo much Treafure, befides Jewells and Move-
ables, that this Duke, when he came to lurvey all, faid to thofe that then were
with him, that if his Brother had had that Care which he ought of his Souly
he would never have had Care to have heaped up fo much Wealth. But when
he was Cardinall he fpake like a Cardinall. The State of the Queen's Houfe
is now in hand, for her ordinary Charge the King doth allow looooo Crowns a
Year, and for her extraordinary iiooo Crowns. The King will not permitt, that
flie fhould be ferved by any other then the French. Yet fbme few Italians, by
her Importunity, are about her, and they are fuch who long have lived about
this Court. And fo, Wc.

Tour Lor dfloip's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

Mr.Winwood, London, 28* 2)i?r. i6oo.

YOUR tvi^o Letters of the fourth and eighth of this Month came both at
once to my Hands upon Chrijimas-day, the onthj Simons, and the other
by Tarnell; which I fent prefently to Mr. Secretary, my felf being then in a
flirewd Fit of the Stone, which hath likewife forced me to keep in ever fmce.
But I underftand, the ^een received very great Contentment and Satis faSlion
of your Letters, and hath been inquifitive of you, both of my Unckle^/Z/i^r^'teJ
and others; to whom I have given Direction, to anfvver upon the like Occafion,
that which I hope may produce fome good EffeSi towards you. I fhall not need
to write you much now, becaufe I intend my Difpatch prefently after the Holy-
days,

Book IV. Mi\Wiii\\ooDs Ncgotiatmi in France. 287

days; having indeed ftaycd for nothing clfc ajiy time thcfe three Weeks, but for yJn. i6go.
the two Letters which the Qiicen intends to write with her own Hand to the
King and the Queen, which Ihe forbore to write bccaufe of a little Rhume flie
had, which is now pafl, thanks be to God. Although my Difpatch be like to
be lb fpeedy, yet I hope to hear once more from you before ray going, and re-
ceive Ibmc more certainty of the King's Refolution for the pafTing of this Winter,
which is the thing that mofl: imports me in my own Particular. If the Qiaeen ,
and the Counfaill come back to 'P^w, though the King ihouldflay in thofc Parts
Ibmc time after, I think you may very well return, for it is like he will not be
long behinde. I wifh that before my coming, you made fome little Summons to
Monfieur de Villeroy, and Monfieur de Rhojiiy^ to think of giving the Queen
ibme Contentment this Year, and not to forget her in the making of theEdimate.
For by their Aufwer, I JhaU difiover fomewhat of their Intention^ and be the
better prepared to deal with them at my coming.

The Things which I do elpccially recommend unto your Care to penetrate in
the mean time, are the CardinaWs Negotiations, and the Intention., both of the
French and Spaniards, about this Warr of Savoy. For our parts, I think we fliall
fome time in February or March, refmne the Treaty., but the naming the Com-
miflioners is deferred, till the Anfwer comes to the lafl: Letters we fent to Bruf-
fells, which we exped: within eight or ten Days. Here hath been an Exped:a-
tion any time this Month, of 5'ooo Men to come out of Spayne by Sea into the,
Low-Countries, and Provifion made both by the ^teen and the States to en-
counter them; but the Wind hath been fo conftant in the North, till within thefe
three Days, that we have heard nothing of them. If they come, I hope they
will not find that Fortune that the Galleys did. You write of the Return of Mon-
fieur de la Rochpofs Secretary out of Spaine : We have a News here, that him-
lelf is coming back likewife; and it is written ixom. Bay onne , that the King
there, hath not yet confirmed and fworn to the Teace. I pray you lay hold of
the Offer which was made you by (Advice) the Ambajfador <?/Florence, to pro-
cure fome good Intelligence out of (A zoo) Spaine^ for ours here is very weak I
fear.

My Lord Deputy of Ireland hath in his return from Armagh, fought againe
with Tiron in the iame place, and beaten him, and forced his Tajfage, which we
account a piece of very good Service. The Earle of Clanrickard hath had a
'Draught alfo at the Rebells of Connaught. T>onell Sparmigh a great Rebell is
come in, and hath given his Sons in Hoftage. Torlongh (Mr. Henry') a princi-
pall Rebell is dead lately. ' My Lord is now againe in the Field, to fcowre and
clear the Province oi Lemjier, and the County of Leafe, from the flragghng
Rebells there ; and Alunfier, as I have written before, is holden very peaceable.
' So as in Conclufion, we are in hope that the Heart of that Rebellion is bro-
ken, and that in one Tear more there will be a great Work wrought there ,
Ainfifoit il. And fo, with hearty Commendations from all your Friends, and
namely from my Sifter, who is a Wife of fome fifteen Days ftanding ; and who
with my Wife thanks you for your Tokens, I commit you to God.

Tour very loving Friend,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Winwood to Sir Henry Neville.

Lyons, %^Jan.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600. O. S.

SINCE my laft of the xi^^ of December, I have written to your Lorfliip two
Letters, both which I have retained, upon the changable Refolutions of this
Treaty, which for many Days hath been ending, and now at length hath found
an End. The Caufe of this fo long and doubtfull Delay, hath been the Diffe-
rence

288 Mr.Wi^'^ooDs Negotiation inViance. Book IV.

An. 1600. rence about the Forf of St. Catherine. The which the King (engaged thereun-
-^' to by his Word and Honor) was refolvedto have razed-., and the Cardinally ob-
jlinately peremptory-, never to condc fiend that Geneva Jhould reap fi fingular a
Benefit by that Treaty, wherein he is the princip all Agent. Upon this, when
long they had demurred, the King purpofing to take away the Caufe of the Dif-
ference, gave Order toMonfieur de Nerajtein, whom he had before made Go-
vernor of this Place, to raze it to the Groivnd-, which without delay was ac-
cordingly performed. The Legat did take this in evill part, as done in T>if-
grace of him ; and fo the Iflue of this Treaty did grow very doubtfull , which
many did hold for broken. Whereupon the King, diicontented with this Dalli-
ahce, gave order for his Departure hence to Botirg, and difpatched the Maref-
challs to provide his Lodgings. Many of the Great ones, difpofed of thcmfelves
as their feverall Occafions did invite. Monfieur de Rhofiiy intended to rake his
way to Taris. Who yefterday in the Forenoon raking his leave of the King, the
King coramaunded him not to depart, without firft taking leave of the Legat.,
charging him not to fpeak one Word-, of any Toint concerning the Treaty. He
prefently repaired to ^^ Legat-, and told him, that by Commaundment from the
King, he came to falute him before his T)eparttire, and to receive bis Com-
maundments towards Paris, whether the King's Service did neceflarily require
his fpeedy Prefence. The Legat then began to enter into the Bufynels, faying,
that he fhould be forry fi good a Work Jhould be frnflrate of that End, which
all Tarties that were, int ere fled therein, had reafon to dejire. For which Caufe.,
laid he, as I have digefted many other Things which did long lye heavy upon
me, (meaning perhaips the taking o'i.xh^Yoxisoi Montf/ieliari and St. Catherine,
for he prefumed that upon his Prefence, the King of his own accord would have
made a Siir fiance of Arms and Ad:s of Hoftillity, and the eftablifloing the Exer-
cifi of the Religion at Culin, within a League of this Town, which he faid is
done to brave him,) fo he would likewife fwallow this Affront of the demol-
lifhing this Fort, and accord to the Conditions of Peace which had been debated
between them ; and prayed him to inform the King, and to allure him thereof

The Conditions are in Subftance the lame which before I advertized. The
King doth quit the Marquifat, with all his Pretenfions in Savoy and Tiedmont,
only the County of Nice mull remaine in the Terms now it doth (land. The
Duke mull: reimburfe to the King only looooo Crowns, for now no more is Ipp-
ken of; and the La Brejfe, with the Bailliages of Gex, Beauge and Veromais,
mufl: remaine to the King: So that the River oi Rhofae, is now on that part the
Limitts of France. Only there is referved a PalTage for the Spaniards fome four
Leagues from Geneva; where the Duke muft neither impofe any Tax, or pay,
nor build any Fortrefs, as likewife he is forbidden to build any on the other fide
of the Rhofne. The Artillery and Munition in Montmelian doth belong to the
King, as the Duke doth retaine all in the Marquifat. More Particularities are
io be referved, till I can find the Favour to have a Copy of the Treaty.

There hath lately been at Montpellier a little Bronllerie, where the MonfieUr
de Ventadour, the Conflable's Son-in-law, would have re-eflablifhed the Maffe.
But the Inhabitants being all of the Religion, by ringing of the Bell, afi^embled
themfelves, and fo inforced him to retire to his Lodging with his Affiftants;
whereof fome ^re wounded, and one or two left dead in the Place. Upon Sa-
turday lad in the Evening, the King caufed a Gentleman, called Comblat, be-
longing to the Count o'i Auvergne, to be committed clofe Prilbner. He hath
been imployed by the Count to the Duke of Bouillon, with whofe ^Daughter the
Count would make a Match for his Son. But it is worfe interpreted, the'Diike's
Ab fence being much fufpeBed, and m.any Infinuations are delivered againfl him ;
as the King within thefe few Days hath acknowledged to his Secretary, who doth
follow his Caufe.

Marefchall Biron is retired from Bourg to 'Dijon, difcontented that he is not
called to this Treaty, and that the King hath nominated to the Government of
i\\zChafleaUi Monfieur deToiffi, without advifing with him. The King is offend-
ed

Book IV. Mr}N lawooD .s Negotiation inVxmcQ. 289

cd with him, that in that pctry QiLinclI between the Dukes de Efpcrnon andyf;/. i6c
Gnife-, Monricur dc Biron did lend to Ejpernou, o/fcring, that if the Matter
were to be tryed between Man and Man, bhi'ifelffor his Seconds if byTroopes^
AJJijlatice of 300 Gentlemen^ and all offVorth. In liinirac, the King doth {'uf-
ped: too great a League-, between /j/w, ylnvergne, and de Efpernon. The King
hath receavcd Advcrtifemcnt, that now yt is diicovercd, that x.\\z Jlrcbduke is
not Seignior of the Low-Countries^ but only a Lieutenant to the King of Spain,
to whom the Towns have lately renewed their Allegiance. The Defence for
forreign Merchandizes of Silk is accepted, in Confidcration of locoo CrownSj
which thisTown hath bellowed upon the King.

Don Sebajiian is dehvercd out of Prifon, upon Charge to depart the Town of
Venice \v'\x.h'm one Day, and the Territories within forty, upon Payne to be confi-
ned to the Galleys for ten Years, or to perpetual! Imprilbnmcnt. This King hear-
ing that he will have reconrfe hither, and lye heavy upon him, (which was the
trueft Reafon why he refolcd to write for his Delivery) doth purpofe to turn him
over into England, upon pretence, that he cannot lupply his Wants, without
Breach of the League between Spayne and bimfelf Some of the Tortugalls
who are here SoUicitrors for him, have to that purpofe talked with me. I have
vvillied them not to marr their Fortune in the making ; and to confider, thaC
they have to deal againft a King, who is very potent in the Court of Rome ; where
he will inform, yf he Ihall come into England, That by Lutherans, Enemies
to the Church, there is fuborn' d an Impojior, to trouble the Repofe of his State,
whereof he hath been long pojfe {fed. He will caufe the yt?/^ to fend forth his
Bull, excommunicating all fitch as Jhall give him any Aid, AJfftance, Coun^
tenance or Favour. They know, how obfequious their Countrey is to the De-
votion of the Tope. The Tope's Bulls have heretofore difpoffelTed Princes of
their Kingdoms, and with much lefs difficulty will they be able to hold him
out, who hath no luch great means to enter in. He cannot better beflovv him-
felf, then w^here he fliall live free from thofe Impofitions, as with this King, who*
is Catholique; who hath belt means to give him greateft Aid, and cannot want
WiU. And fo, ^c.

Tour Lord/hip's, &c.

RALPH WlNWOOa

Mr. Win wood to Sir Henry Neville.

Tarts, I'ijan.
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600. O.S.

UPON Conclufion of the Peace, and purpofe of prefent Return of the King
and his Court into thefe Parts, not out of Hope to have been fo happy
here to have found your Lordlhip, I departed from Lions the third of this Month j
and arrived here yefterday in the Evening. Where finding this Letter (that I had
lent from Lions in poll) here yet in the Polls Hands, I have intreated this Gen-
tleman, Mr.Fludde, who I underflood was purpoled within fome few Days to re-
turn home, for the more fpeedy and alTured Conveyance of thefe Letters, to de-
hver them, whereby he fliould perform a kind Ofiice, very acceptable to your
Lordfhip.

The King refolved to depart from Lions upon Saturday lafl in pofl, and to
come to Fontainbleau, whether before he fent in pofl Monfieur de la Fronte-
nac, who is Maiftre d' Hotel de la Reyne, to prepare the Lodgings ; and before
him, Monfieur de Montauban, Controuler de lArgenterie, in pofl to Verneuil^
where la Marquife is, with Letters from him, that flie fliould prelently meet
him there, where he will have her flay till the Queen's coming, who fliall come
after him fair and fbftly with the Counfaill, and then he will fend her, to Mal-
herhes. So this Night, or to Morrow at the furthefl, the King will be at Fon-
tainhkaUi from whence he will not flirr before the Queen's coming ; where fhe

E e e e will

2^0 Mr.WiiiwooD s Negotiation inVr^nce. BooklV,

j^n. K^oo.Will make no long abode, but will haften to Taris, for whore Entry the King
hath written to the Provofl: (^e Marchands., to make no Preparations at all, not
willing to put them to any idle and unneceffary Charges ; wbkh he will thinke
better beftowed, yfyt be added to that Trefent^ which cujlomarilj tkefe great
Cities do make to theirTrinces, at their fir ft Abode.

I cannot afTure any thing of the Le^afs, Departure, who fince the Peace hath
been Partner with the Queen at the chriflning of a Child of a Senator's at Lyons.
Yet for all this Honor, and many greatet ones that he hath received here, he
doth give forth, that he hath not been fo well treated, as he expedted.

The ^leen IDowager hath long been fick at Moulins^ and as I pafTed through
that Town Ihe was in great Extremity ; and fmce that, I am afTured, that flie is
dead, though her Death be concealed. There was then with her the Dutchefs
of Mercaur her Sifter, (whole Husband in his return from Hungary^ for Devo-
tion is gone to Madonna de Lorretto,) and her other Sifter, the Dutchefs oiLux-
embtirgh, was then expected ; between whom her Jewells, (wherein fhe is held
rich) and other Goods ihall be divided. Her Joynture returns to the King, which
was looooo Crowns the Year, though the King doth allure this Queen but of
60000.

The Seigfiiory of Venice have defigned two of the moft ancient and honorable
Perlbns in their State, Leonardo "Donatio ^LndGiovaniti'Delfini, for the Ambaf-
lage, to congratulate the Marriage ; though it is not expedled, that they will yet
arrive for many Months. The King hath been advertifed by Letters expreffly
from that State, of the Enlargement of Sebaftian, where they likewife have de-
livered their Judgment of him, how they hold him for an Impofture^ a Calabrefe
borne, of low eft Condition, who cannot fear any thing worfe, than Nature or
Fortune hath allotted for him. The Day after his Departure from Venice .^ the
Sea did fvvell with that Rage and Violence, contrary to the Courfe of former
Times, that it did overflow the Streets, and drown the Magazines, to the great
Lois of many Merchants, to the Sume of 3 000000 Crowns. And fo, ^f .

Tour Lordftyifs, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

il/r. Winwood, London, r^^ Jan. \Soo.

YOUR Letters of the tA and \i'^^ of this Moneth arrived heere the 21^, and
yefterday the ^een finillied her two Letters to the^i;^^ and ^een; fo as
I look now to be difpatched forthwith, and to fet forward, about the Morrow af-
ter Candlemas -day. I mean to come by Rouen wherefoever I land, becaufe I
Would make a beginning with the Commiflioners there, in fome courfe of Ju-
ftice, for the Wrongs we have received by the French, as well as they have
purfued their Complaints, and received Satisfaction here. I would be glad to
meet you there, for that and other Caufes ; but I would not wifli you to ftir,
till you hear more ; for upon my Arrivall I will prefently difpatch one to you,
fo as you may meet me time enough at Rouen.

Since my laft h^ Remain, my Lord oiTembrooke is dead, having left his Son
but two Months within Age. We are in Expectation of a Vice Chamberlaine,
and a Chancellor of the T>iitchy, viz. Sir Walter Rawleigh, and Sir John Stan-
hop; and that Serjeant Heale fhall he M after of the Rollsy upon fundry good
Confiderations : Many other Matters I refer till our Meeting. In the mean time
being glad of your fafe return to Taris, I end with hearty Commendations fror^ ,
my lelf and all your Friends, And fo I committ you to God.

Tour very loving Friend,

HENRY NEVILLE.
Sir

Book IV. Mr.WiN wood'j Ncsiotiation hi France.

<b'

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

yVr. Winwood, London^ zS''^ Jaftuary x6oo.

I Wrote unto you very lately by Captaine Triune^ who is gone over to meet
with the/r^^t-W^^Sebaftian. I have little to add now, yet this Bearer Mr.
Ollphant being ready to depart, and oflering himlclf unto me, I would not let
him go without fome {i^vj Lines unto you. I may perhaps put off my Journey,
Ibme three or four Days longer then I wrote in my laft ; and if I could, I would
be glad to dcferr it till the end of the Term, which is the iz'^h q^ February ; for I
have much bufynefs to difpatch about my own private Eflate, but I fear I fliall
be haftned away. There are no Commiffioners yet appointed for the Treaty
in the Low Countries ; other News there is none, and therefore I will entertaine
you no longer with nothing, but will here end, and committ you to God.

Tour very ajfured Freind,

HENRY NEVILLE.

I pray you tell Stalling it will be time enough to give Anfvver about my Houfe,
when I come my felf

Sir Henry Neville to Mr. Winwood.

il/r. Winwood, London^ 19* Jan. 1600.

I Have received by your Man both your Letters, that of the xi^ of 'December^
and that of thez4*, which overtook him at "iDie^e; the latter whereof held
us in Sulpence, what to believe touching the Peace with Savoy, till the French
Ambajfador at his laji Audience, acknowledged that it was concluded:, having
fpme few days before, abfolutely denyed it to all the World. That Audience of
his was very fowre and full of heat, he charging the ^leen peremptorily with
denyall of Jiiftice :, and Jhe maintaining her Honor, arid blaming his poffionate-
nefs, fo without reafon to tax her ; and imputing it to a turbulent Spirit, that
delighted to do evill Offices. I marvail the rather at his violent Proceeding at
this time, becaufe I had offered him but two days before to communicate to him '
the Anfwers that the Judge of the Admiralty, and the other Commiffioners had
made and prefented in Writing, to all his Complaints, and to receive his Reply
unto them; and upon Report thereof made unto my Lords, to be a means for his
further Satisfaction wherein there Jhould appear Caufe, which he feemed to ac-
cept very well of; but the very Day that I purpofed to have gone to him about
it, he prevented me, and went to the Court in this Heat. It is conceived here,
that he hath received fome Tyirediion to begin to quarrell with us, and fo to
flop our Mouths from demanding any Money, and I think the Queen told him
plainly as much ; but howfbever he hath made himfelf very diflaftfull here, and
I fear I /hall have fome Charge againft him at my coming. All this tends lit-
tle to the fweetning of my Entertainment there, or to the enabling me to effeti
any grate full Service; but I mud have Patience.

The Merchants of Roi'ien, have lately received Intelligence from the Farmers
^f the Cufloms, Deputies to Gondy and Xamet, that all Mamifa^ures of Wool
Jhall be forbidden Jhortly. I pray you hearken carefully after it, and oppofe
your felf, if you difcover any fuch thing, that they may not pretend that we
gave way to it. In my laft Letters which I wrote unto you, upon the Receipt
of yours by Simons, I wiih't you to makefme little Summons to Monfieur de
Rhofny and Villeroy, to think of fome Reimburfement for the Queen this Year.
Yf this Peace be concluded, they have little Pretext to refufe it, confidering the

King

292 jMt.WinwoodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1600. King is to be repayed his Charges for the Wair, and thereby left in as good State
as when he begann it ; and is befides afTured of Peace with all the World, which
before he flood in doubt of, and alLeadged it as a principal Exctife, 'luhy he
could not fatisfy her. Befides we underftand, that the Tope, to bring this Peace
to pais, hath afTented to the AUenation of Church Lands to the Value of ixooooo
Crowns ; out of all this, if he ajford the ^leeii nothing, he Jhall deal far other-
wife with her, then Jhe deferves. I pray you not only to motion it unto them,
but if any other Occafionbe offered, of your Speech with the King, to touch it
to him too, becaufe now is the time, that they make the Eftimate of their Re-
ceipts and Payments for the whole Year. Touching my comming, it is yet as
uncertaine as when I wrote laft. There is no Letter written, or Warrant figned
yet, only they fpeake every Day of difpatching me, and I my felf make no haft.
I think it will reft, till we hear once more from you ; and till we be r efolved of
our Commiffioners, that ihall go into the Low Countries to that Treaty ; which
having let flip the be ft Opportunity, we jhall, I think re fume very Jhortly, thd
alieniore tempore.

Don Virginio Orfino hath been here, and very gracioufly and honourably en-
tertained by her Majefty ; he is gone hence to the Archduke. Our home Mat-
ters are as I have heretofore written, without any late Alteration ; only my Lord
Grey, upon Ibme new conceived Difcontent, ajaulted my Lord of Southamptoa
on Hcrfeback in the Street. For which Contempt againft her Majefty 's Com-
mandement given before to them both, he was committed to the Fleet.

Your Friend Doctor James, the Phyfitian, is dead about three Days fince,
and the old CounteJs of Bedford a litde before. The Refolution for a Tarla-
ment is altered, and no Summons fent out yet. I have taken Order with Mon-
fieur Bajhe that you fliall receive any Money you will call for, either at Lions,
or Roilen. And fo with my very hearty Commendations, I committ you to
God, ^c.

Totir very loving Freind,

HENRY NEVILLE.

Mr. Winwood to ^S'/r Henry Neville.

Right Honorable, Tarts, \o'^ February \6oo. O. S.

IPrefume this Letter lliall meet your Lordftiip on the way. As yet, there is
no certaine Afteurance, that the 'Duke o/Savoy hath figned the Teace. This
laft Week here came to the King from the Cardinall, a Camieriere del Tapa, cal-
led Qontenole, with Letters, afteuring that though the Duke (defirous even in all
Formallities to give the King oiSpayne full Satisfadlion) doth for a Seafon deferr
to ratify the Treaty, yet fo foon as he had advertifed him of what was conclud-
ed, and receaved Anfwer thereto, he would and Jhould really perform, what he
in his Name had undertaken, and his Commiffioners for the Treaty had accorded.
The Duke is faid to be now at Nijfa, and the Legat is gone from Avignon thi-
ther to him. The King is much troubled with this kind of proceeding, which
he findeth very ftrange ; and now beginneth to mifdoubt, that the 'Duke never
intended fine erely to proceed, but hath ufedthis cunning Mediation of the Tope,
the more fecurely to draw him and his Councillon to the Conclufion of this Trea-
ty ; thereby to gaine time for the Advancement of his own Affairs, and to
caiife him to licence and difcharge his Sonldiers, to disband his Gentry and No-
billity, and to let fall his Treparations intended for this Spring: And which
is moft materiall, to withdraw his Spirit from all Cogitations of IVarre, to
the which he will be unwilling to return, when once he hath rejiimed his for-
mer Courfe of Eafe and Repofe. This Difcourfe is the rather maintained, be-
caufe the Duke hath not diftblved his Men of Warre; and that the Levies of
Men^ both with the Switzers and in Italy, do ftill continue ; and the Preparati-

. ons

Book IV. Mr.WiiiwooDs Negotiation inVrancQ. 2<)^

ons oi Spajine from all Parts confirmed to be lb g^car, as tliat they are both byv/« i6od
Sea and Land, made equall to thole of 88. Though tlic Tune be expired when
the Tiuke Ihould have ratifyed the 'Peace ; yet bccaulc he doth not refnfe-, but
demand a longer ^Delav, the Coujiable, and Monfleur de ViUerqy and de Sille-
rie, do yet attend at Lions, to receive Ins Lafi Rcjolutions.

Here is a Report that the 'Tope fhould be dead; which if it be true, the Tiuke
will make Icfs Scruple, (if it be for his Advantage) to difavoisj the Lcgat in
this Treaty. There is come frefli News out of Spaine, that the Gcncrall of the
Gallics hath arrefled all llich French Ships as were about St. Lucar, fcizing on
their Goods, and imprifoning all.

On Sunday, the King in Violet, and the Queen in Black, did mourn for the
G^ieen "Dowager. She in the Afternoon went to the Celejtijies ; but the King
prayed for her Soul at the Hofiel of Bourgogne. The King hath prefented his
Mijircfs to the ^leeu, and withall, recommended her to her bejt Graces. The
§^ieen did kindly entertaine her, and fine e all three have dined on Sunday to-
gether in 'Puhlick. He hath provided a Houie for her hard by the Lonvre, and
will follow the track of Henry the Second^ who did keep Madam Valentiuois in
Contt, in pre fence of the ^leeu Mother.

Here hath been a Speech, that Prince Joynville would go to Flanders to the
Archduke, accompanyed with 4000 Horfe ; which in my Opinion, are numbred
according to the Greacnefs of his Mind, rather then to his MeanSj or Abillity.
There are many in like Sort, that purpofe to go to the Affiftance of the States^
who have removed Monfieur de la Noiie from his Government, and appointed
in his Place Monfieur de Chaftillon, whereat the King is much offended.

The Parlament at Rotten have refuied the King's Patents for the Surfeance of
the Arrefi, and withall have enjoyned all Parties to appear within this Moneth
before the King and his Counfaill. They have ordained, that our Merchants
may fell fuch Cloths as are allowed to be Loyall, and thofe vicious to be feque-
llred, untill the King's further Plealure be known. I underftand a Gentlenian of
Normandy hathbegg'd the Confifcation of the King. I have advertiied the Chan-
cellor of it, who is willing there lliould be an Injunition given forth againft the
Parlament, which muft be made by a Secretary of State. But the Letters Pa-
tents, whereupon this Injunction muft be founded, by the Negligence of fome
one of our Merchants, to whom they were committed, are loft. I think the
Courfe now muft be, to proceed by a Reqitefl, either thereby to procure the Ar-
refi wholly to be repeaPd, or the Rigour thereof mittigated.

I did likewife recommend Mr. Etour's, Cafe unto him, for the reimburfing of the
Rochellers "Debt ; who hath promifed him what Favour the Equity of the Caufe
will afford.

The greateft Man with the King is the Count de Soiffons^, the Man whom moji
he fear es, and moJi he hates; which makes me remember the Duke of Bouillon^
who doth now give hope of his fpeedy return, becaufe there is a Houfe taken for
him by his Commandment, And fo, ^c.

Tour Lordfhip's, See.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr, Winwood lo Sir Henry Nevilki

'Paris, 17 Feb,
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600. O. S.

YT may pleafe your Lordfhip to underftand, that by Letters which yefterday
the King receiv'd from Monfieur de Villeroy, he now holds the late Treaty
with Savoy iotfigned and ratifyed, and lb hath privately advertized to many.
Though for ought I can learn, the Letters do not diredly afliire fo much, but
only import, that the Duke hath lately fent unto the King's Commiftioners, who
remaine at Lions, to receive the Ratification and Execution of this Treaty ; pray-

Ffff ing

2 94 Mr. Win wood'j" Negotiation in France. Book IV.

-^n. i6oo.ingto t)e excufed for his long Delay therein, which doth not proceed from any
pLirpofe he hath to difavow the Treat)'-, but only of defire firft to advertize the
Kin? o^ S_payne ; whofe Anfwer when he fliall have received, he will prefently
perform all Points, what the Conditions of the Treaty do require on his Part.

It is confirm'd out of Italy, that the 'Duke and Count Fuentes have meet to-
gether, and continued fmce the Conclufion of this Peace, at a Place called Sommo^
upon the To, five Miles from Tav'ia. And the laft Letters from thofe Parts,
do yet averr great Preparations for Warrs, both in the Kingdom of Na^lesy
Dutchy of Millan, and State of Genoa.

Moft of thofe Ships, which in my laft I advertized to be flayed at St. Lucar
by Sevill, are o^ St. Mallo in Britavy. The Goods of four of them are faid to
be confifcatecj, the Merchants imprilbn'd, and Marriners put into the Gallies ; up-
on Pretext, that contrary to the Ordinance of the Country, there was found
fome Store of Coine in them, which they did purpole to carry aWay with them.
Here is nothing more freflily fpoken, nor more afluredly believed, then the great
Preparation for Warr both by Sea and Land, which are intended by Spaine. Yf
this Peace with France take place, yet it is not to be thought that lb great a
Charge in levying liich an Army, (for they fpeak of xiooo Landmen) will be
diflblved, -without attempting fome important Exploit.

Sebajlian, that would be of f(?r/f^/^<2//, is fallen, de Retire, en chaudmal. For
unadvifedly, without purpole or pretext, taking the Way of Florence to Li-
'njorne, after he had flayed there four or five Days, by the Duke's Commandment
he was arrelled Prifoner, and there yet remaines. The King takes it unkindly at
the Duke's hand, that he fliould refufe any Man the Liberty to pafs through his
Territories, that was coming to him. But it is not to be fiippofed, that the Duke
did imprifon him with a purpofe fo eafily to fet him at Liberty : Firfl he will lee
at what Efiimate the King of Spain e doth prize him, and fo accordingly will
proceed to make his befl Merchandize of him.

Yellerday being at the Lottvre, the King took me afide, and asked me what
News I had from England. I told him I had not lately received any. He then
told me of a f range Commotion which Hiould lately be in London, which he com-
pared to the Barricades at Taris ; intended, as he laid by the Earls of Ef
fex and Southampton, followed by divers Knights and other Quallity, to the
Number of zooo. I asked him if he had received this IniormsLZion from his Am-
bajfador. He faid no, but by Monfieur de Rohan, who freflily came out o{ Eng-
land, and arrived that Morning in Pofl. He told me many other Particulars,
which I take no Pleafure to recite. Your Lordfhip may judge of the Ajfli£iion I
feel of that I know, and the Fear I conceive, of that which I know not. I at-
tend howrly from your Lordfhip fo farr to be informed, as in your Difcretion,
you fliall think the Knowledge of the Truth, to be availlable to her Majeflies Ser-
vice. Thefe Men htxtfollace the Remembrance of their late Miferies, with the
Hopes of their Neighbour's Calamities ■> and fpeak that, which my Heart doth
break to think of, and my Hand trembles to put down.

Here is expeded from the Archduke and Infanta, upon Wednefday next,
Roderigo de Lafco, Captaine of their Guards of Horfe, to congratulate this Mar-
riage. It is reported, the King of Spaine doth change his Refidence from Ma-
drid, and remove his Court to Valladolid, at the Pleafure of the Duke of Ler-
ma-, whereat the reft of the Nobillity for their particular Interefls, (every Man
of Quallity being well fettled and accomodated at Madrid) are much difcontent-
ed. Andfo, ^c.

Tour Lordjhifs, &c,

RALPH WINWOOa

Mr. Winwood

Book IV. Mr.WiN wood'j" Negotiation in France,

Mr. WinWood to Sir I [cnry Neville.

Right Honorable my very good Lord,

I Have not written flnce my lafl: by Mr. Fludd, upon affurcd hope of yout
Lordlhip's prcfcnt Return, which your Letters of the is-J andiS^'' of Janua-
ry did Icem to promyfb; nether fince have 1 had much matter to write, nor any
means to lend. Now this MefTenger departing, I would not omitt to advertile
what here we have. The King hath been within thefe fifteen Days, twice or
thrice in this Town, in his PafTage to l^ernetiil\ for laMarquife, who is held to
be with Child, excufed her Iclf upon that Indilpofition, from meeting him -nFou-
tainbleau. Tlie Queen, for whofe comraing the Opening ofSt.Germain's FairwciS
adjourn'd, arrived here upon Fry day Night. She came in by the Fanxbotirghs of
Sz.MarceU-, and lb into thole oiSz.Germains, where Ihe is lodged at Gondy'%
Houfe. For her Entry there was no Solemnity at all, only at theyf'r/?;W,Mon-
fieur de Rhofny caufed fome few Pieces to be fliott off It is here received that
the ^ieen is with Child, and fo before her coming to this Town the King was
advertifed by Madam de Nemours^ and thofe Phylirians which did attend her.

The Conjiable, Monfieur de Villeroy-, and de Sillery., remaine at Lyons to fee
the Execution of this Peace. Here hath been a Bruite, and lb yet remains, That
the Duke of Savoy lliould refule to fign the Treaty, and that lie hath been lately
in 'Tavia to conferr with the Count Fuentes. Which Bruites, in m.y Opinion,
are either grounded upon his former Proceedings, (for all his Anions have been
carried with little Dilcretion) or elfe becaufe he deffereth to ratify the Peace un-
till the laft Day prefixed, which is to morrow, rather then that he hath any pur-
pofe to gainfay what the Legat and his Commifiioners authorifed from him by
Ipeciall Commiffion have concluded; and if he had purpofed, yet hath he nd
means, fo that Extremity will force htm to maintaine his Honor.

The King is to receive but looooo Crowns from the Duke oi Savoy, which is
to be paid -lit Lions within fix Months. But over and above all other Conditions
which in my former I have fet down, he muft deliver Chajfean 'Dauphine and
Totir de port, which are in the Confines of T)auphine, and of the ancient Pa-
trimony of that Country. Monfieur Villeroy doth attribute the Honor of this
Peace to Monfieur de Rhofny, in truth to jhtiffle off the Envy from himfelf
and Monfieur de Rhofny doth not fpare to ailume it ; delivering openly how ad-
vantagioiis it is to the King, who in YiXt^tjhall have at his Commandment 900
Lords and Gentlemen, and i5'oooo Crowns a Tear ofRevenew; whereas the
Marquifat would be a Charge to the King of 5-0000 Crowns. But almoft all they
which are of the Religion, as well as the Nobillity, who more regard the Honor
o/ France, then the 'Profit of the King's Turfe, do hold it for a Jhamefull and
dijhonourable Treaty. Either becaufe the Peace is made, (prefitming that the
War abroad is their ^iet and Repofe at home,) Or for the manner, ^bat the
King Jhould quit the Marquifat, the ancient 'Dominion of this Crown, whereby
he held in Bridle Piedmont and^zsoj, and in T)evotion all the Princes in Italy j,
either by the means he had in their Necefflty to relieve them, or the Power he
had, yf he thought fit to annoy them. Iri generall, yt is rather accounted a good
Bargain, better befitting a Merchant or private Man, then an honour ableTre a-
ty, befeeming the Greatnefs of fo mighty a King.

1 have follicitted Monfieur de Rhofny for a Reimburfement of fome good Sume
of Money for her Majefly, " urging the Neceflity of her Majeftie's Affairs, and
" their Promiles the laft Year, together with her Majeftie's long Forbearance;
" that as ihe had not been eager in preffing Repayment, fo flie would not beri-
" gorous in exading Millions at a Payment, but would conform her feif to the
" King's Conveniency, fo that among ft many to whom they gave Contentment ,
" Jhe might not fin de her felf only forgotten, who in reafon Jhould fir ft be re-
" membred; both becaufe her Occafions do mofi require it, and her Court efies

" deferve

2^6 Mr.WiiiwooDs Negotiation m France. Book IV.

Aft. i6ac. " deferve a greater Recommence, then fo Jlenderly to be rejpecfed. But I could
get no other Anfwer of him then this. That I muji Jpeake to the King., for he
was to do but what he was appointed. To which purpofe I will watch all Op-
portunity, fith by your Lordihip's Letters of the x'' and 19'^ oi January I am fo
commanded.

For the Arrejf againfl ourCIoath, miftrufting that the Letter which Monfieur
Villeroy did fend from the King, was written but for fajhion fake, (as it fo pro-
ved, for the premier Trejident did flatly refufe to fullfill the Contents ;J I did
obtaine of the Counfail a Surfeance for three Months without the Trivity of
Monfieur de Villeroy, and have fome Days fince fent it to our Merchants. Be-
fore this time of three Months be expired, Ibme courfe mufl: be taken for the re-
eftablifliing of our Trade, (whereof our Merchants will not think before the lafl
Day,) for there is no hope longer to prorogue the time.

I hear nothing of Mr. Colvell. The Pilgrims of Scotland are returned from
Rome, and one Chancellour to the Biihop of IVeefmes, who is the

intelleEitis Agens of this Negotiation and hath followed it at Rome, is fent
to Spaine, whofe Return is fliortly expedted.

My Lord Semple is lately come hither out of Spaine. He fpeaks as I under-
ftand, of great Preparations that are made there, and are yet in hand. But with-
all he fays, he hath difcovered great Weaknels, for want of Money, want of
Leaders and Men of Condudt, and of Marriners and experienced Pilots. He
gives forth, that there is a generall Alliance between Spaine and their King,
to whome there /hall be fent from thofe Tarts, an Ambajfador to refide among (i
them.

(191) The 'Duke <?/ Bouillon did lately fend a Gentleman to (144) the King.
The kind Entertainement which he did receivfe, doth make us believe, that at
the end of this Month he will be here. Cavalier Vinti doth come to this Town,
who is no more near the Dilpatch of his Bufynels, then the firft Day he came in-
to France. And io, ^c.

Tour Lor djhip's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

* Copy of a Letter from Monfieur de Boifijffe (the French Ambaffa-
dor then refiding in England) to Monfieur de Rohan.

Monfieur, DeLondres4Mars i(^oo. O. S.

*'yE crqy que le malheur qui eft arrivi au Conte d'Eflex quand vous efties en
J Angleterre, vous a fait juger foudainement quelle feroit I'ijfue de cefte tra-
gedie. Laquelle ayant efte accompagn^e a fon commencement de beaucoup d'in-
fortuns & de dijgrace, il s'en eft enjuivi la fin, telle qu^un chacun la redoubtoit,
pleine de cruaute ^ de triftejfe ; qui a eftt} un Jugement de mOrt, contre le Con-
te d'Eflex, © le Conte de Southampton. Auquel ayant affift^, par un defir de
■veoir une chofe finouvelle, t3 aufji de remarquer lacontenance de Jes Ennemis,
qui I'avoyent petit a petit poufse a cefte mine ; fay penfe que ce feroit trop
oublier mofi devoir, ft je ne vous efcrivois particulierement, tout ce qui c'eft
fafse en ce Jugement.

Le 17^^ de Fevrier, le Conte diE^Qx s" eftant rendu entre les mains del Ad-
miraut fur le onze heures de la nuidi, avec promejfes d'infinies curtoifies, fut

* The following Letter is printed from a Copy in Sir 'Ralfh Winwood's own Hand. It is there men-
tioned to be written by Monfieur de Boifijfe to Monfieur de Rohan ; though when Complaint was made of
it, he openly difavow'd it. I could not prevail with my felf to omit it, (though it feems to be wrote with
a good deal of Spleen and Bitternefs) becaUfe there are fome Fads mentioned in it, which are no where
elfe to be found ; but what Credit is to be given to them, I muft entirely fubmit to the Reader's Judg-
ment,

mend

Book IV. Mr.WiN vvood'^ JMegotuition in France. 2 > 7

men^ le Icndemaln a la Tour; ^ pen apres les Covtes de Southampton © de An. ii'izo.
Rutland, /e Chevalier Criftoplc Ulond beaupcrc dudit C'ofite, Fcidinando Gorge ^-^^V ->
* Gouverneur de Charles Davers, Ci? qiielqucs autres Gciitiljlwm-

mes, ojui f lire lit imprifitmcs autre part. Ou ayaut ejh^ quelqve temps, tlarri-
va qtiHH Capitain nomme Lcc, rfiime nn de pins braves d'Anii,lctcrrc, fort fir-
viteur dudit Conte, fc bazar da de dire f a nn fien amy, ny a i I point moycns^
que fcpt on buit bons compagnons comme nous fommes, piiifcnt fe jetter aux
pieds de fa Majejie, en defpit de ces Milords © de ce petit Bn(fn, pour Iny re-
monftrer I injure quon fait a taut de brave noble fe, qui ef dn tout innocent e
de ce qu'on Iny impofe, & qui pourroit que Ique jour Iny rendrc qnrl'qne bon fir-
vice? L autre luy refpondit froidement, qrCil ne trouvolt point de moyen. Or
bien dit il, je luy en parlera quant je devrois rnonrir ; aiiffi bien, fay tine re-
quejie a luy prefenter pour mes afayres-, & par mcfme moyen, je ponrray aif-
ment execnter mon dejfeign. Ce que l' autre ayant entendu, il ne fa Hit (comme
c'eji la couftume des Anglois de ce trahir I'un l' autre,) d'en advcrtir le Secre-
taire Cecille. Lequelprenant I'occafton par les cheveux, fe fervoit de ce que
ce Capitaine avoit dit, & Ic changeant tout au rcbours, fait acroire a la Royne
avec ceux de fon party, \ qu^un tel avoit efte trouvc par le Cbancelier en fa
Chambre, ou elk a accouftume de manger, avec un pifolet pour cefr ejfetl. La
Royne toiite epouvantee, & craignant fort la mort, commande qtCil fbit crucl-
lement puny : Ce qui ne ftit pas dijfere, car il fnt plus tojl execute qu'U nc
fcent Voccafion potirqnoi on le faifoit rnonrir . La peine fut telle, on luy drra-
cha la nature, puis on lajettd au feu ; apres, on luy ouvroit le ventre, luy ar-
rachant le coeur & les entrailles, ce qiieftant con fume par le feu, on fait plu-
fleurs quar tiers de fin corps., lefqueles ils meirent en parade fir les Tours de
la Ville. fllz ont accouftume de punir ainfi, ceux qu'ilz, appellent Traiftres.)
Or I execution de ce Gentilhome eftant fait, les ennemis an Conte d'EfTex ay-
ant beau jell, ne manquent point de belles raifons pour retenir cefte princejfc
en fa premiere crainBe, & luy perfuader, que cela venoit de la part du Conte
d'EfTex, qiiil y en avoit bien d'aiitres qui tramoient nn mefme dejfcihg. Sur-
quoy, elle commande a ceux de fon Confeil d' examiner le Conte d'Eflex £^ k
Conte de Southampton, ^ d'en faire brieve Juftice. Lefquelz ne voulantz ref
pondre, demandent d'eftrejuger devant leurs payrs. Ce qii eftant accorde, (plu-
toft pour forme de Juftice, & pour faire mieux acroire au peuple qtiilz eftoyent
Traiftres, que par defir qu'ilz y eujfent,) ilz font conduiBz en la grande Salle
de Weflminfter la premier jour de Mars, pour rejpondre aux accufations qiCon
leur mettoit deftus.

. Leur juges, eftoyent neufContes & Seize Barons. Le Grand Senefchal, qu'ilzi
appellent Stuuard, eftoit le Grand Treforier, fort mal propre pour cefte charge.
II y avoit aufty huiSi Confelliers de leur Tarlement, lefquelz eftoyent affis mt
pen bas que les 'Pairs. Les Noms de Contes eftoyent, le Conte de Oxford, 'Pa-
rent fort proche du Secretaire, le Conte Shreusbery, grand Ennemi du Conte
d'EfleXj le Conte Derby, *^ le Conte de Conte \\ d'Erford, le Conte

|:(; Ouftre, le Conte "^otxin^-xva qui eft P Admiral, /£'G77/?£' Cumberland, le Conte
de Lyncolne. *^* Les Noms de Barons, Chandos, Darcey, Thomas Havart j
Cobham, Gray, Bourgley, frere du Secretaire, Riche, beaufrere de Conte
d'EfTex, Compton, Lumley, Hunfdund, qui eft le Chambellan, De

* He was Governour of Plimouth. See Cambden's Eliz.. in the General Hiftory of Englund , Vol. x.
fag. 610.

t Caynbden fays, this Defign was communicated by-Captain Lee to Sir Thomas Crofts. But I think he!
was miftaken in the Name of the Perfon : For Mr. Secretary Cccjll (in his Letter which immediately fol-
lows) calls him Sir Robert Crofs. ,

t See the Secretary's own Account of this Matter in the nest Letter, and Mr. Cambden'i in the Hi-
hory of England, Vol.1. p.6T,z.

% This Blank is in the Original, and fhould be filled up with the Earl of Sujfex.
■• tl The Earl of Hertford. -^.-^ The Earl of Worce/ier.

%* This Lift of the Barons differs a good deal from Cambden's, as the Reader will ealily perceive, if
be gives hlmfelf the Trouble to compare them. ,

Gggg U

29S Mr.'^i^'^'^QODs Negotiation inVrance. Book IV.

Jr.. 1600. la Warrc, Morlay ; i/y avoit mijjy un Viconte que sa^pelle Byndon. • Les Ac-
cufateiirs cftoyent tin fergent en Lojy & Advocat de la Royjie qu'zlz appellent le
Atturna)' Bacon.

Les Acciifhtions efioyent en General.^ qitil n'ejloit Sorty de fa Maifon qu^
pour efimni'oir le petiple a le fnivre ; quH avoit empefche I'Heraut de faire fa
Proclamation ; qu/l avoit fait refijlence en une rue., ou fan efctiyer fut tu^^
* fan beaupere fort blefse^ ^ liiy mis en grand danger de fa vie., ayant eu le
chapeau perce de deux harquebuzades ; f qttil avoit retenu le Chancellier, k
Chef de Jufticc, leContedeOvSire., ^KwoWqs fon onclei^prifonniers en fa Maifon -.^
qtiil ejioit papijie ; qiitl retinoit les Jefuits en fa Maifon ; qiiil voiiloit uftir-
per la Couronne \ qu'il avoit de grandes Intelligences en EfcofTe, @^;/Irelande
avec le Conte de Tyrone. Bref qu'il avoit vendu la Ville de Londres al In-
fante, ^ qiiil en avoit regeu qiielque Argent. Voila ce que generallement ilz
luy obje£ierent. Les Accufations principalles, & dont ilz faifoyent plus de
bruit., font celles cy: IJ avoir retenu le Chancellier, le Chef de Juftice, le
Conte de Ouftre, ^ Knolles, prifoniers ; d'efre f/rty de fa Maifon-^ ^
d' avoir efcrit une lettre, par laquelle ilz fe forcoyent de le rendre coulpa-
ble. Les autres n'ejfoyent que pour le charger d'avantage, \S pour le rendre
plus odieux. Ayant fait que bien pen d" inflame devant que refpondre a toutes
fes Accufations., ilpriafes Juges de luy permettre une chofe^ que tfefl point re-
fusee aux perfonnes les plus Viles; c' ejioit, de n'ejire point jugd par fes enne-
mis propres., ^ de reprocher ceux qu'il voudroit. II luy fut refpondu ± par les
huicS: Conleilliers fort malicieufhientj qiiil neftoit pas pofjiblcy que fes ennemis
Gens de grand qualite., quand ils avoyent fait le ferment On mi honour, comme
ilz difent., (qui vaut autant que liir mon honeur,) qu'ilz voulufent rompre wi
ferment-, que leur doit eftre plus cher cent fois que la vie.

Cette demande luy ejlant deniee avec beaucoup d'iniquite, il refpondit a tout
mot a mot avec tme telle ajfeurance & contenance., qu'il rendoit fes ennemis fi
eftonne'Sf que voulant parler contre luy ilz demeuroyent muetz; ou s'ilz par-
loyent, c'efoit avec un begayement qui tefinoignoit ajfez leur crainte, accompav-
nee d'une mauvaife volonte. II difoit fiventesfois, qu'il n'efloit pas venu la-
pour fauver fa vie., mais pour dejfendre fon honneur; qu'il y avoit long temps
que fes ennemis le defroyent Id pour avec leur chiquanries ^ leur tortues in-
ventions luy faire perdre la tefte, ce qtie certainement n'eftoit point fi cache
qu'il ne le fut connu a un chacun. En outre, cecy doit bien tenir le premier
lieu de la plus grand mechantete qu'il fe puiffe commettre, c'efi, que les loix
d' Angkterre veulent, que les tefnoigns foient examines devant les juges, ^ de-
vant le criminel; au contraire, bouleverfant les loix, ^ fes fervant a leur
pofte, meirent en avant quelques faufes examinations du Conte de Rutland, ®
du Chevalier Chrillophle Blond ^ Charles Davers, lefquelz devoyent ejire ouyes
& non pas le papier, qui eftoit rempli de tout ce qui pouvoit nuire audit Conte
d' EfTex. Et pour mieux j oiler leur roole, ilz feirent venir Ferdinand Gorge, le
plus grand Amy qui euft le Conte d'Eflex, ^ le premier qui fort it avec luy; le-
quel, corrumpu par fes ennemis avec promeffes de ne mourir point, accufa le
Conte d' Eflex ; mais depuis, vaincu par fa Confcience, © des demandes du Conte
qui le prejfoyent fort, ilconfejfa, que le dit Conte ne luy avoit Jamais park qu'il
euf deJJ'eing de fay fir la Royne, comme fes ennemis luy reprochoyent .

Or ne fe content ant pas de cefte faujfete, ^ d' autres J?etites Galanteries de
leur ban efprit, ilz fojit venir le Secretaire, comme perfonne interpofee en leur
tr age die. Lequel ayant plus de deux anspafse, bienfonge a ce qu'il avoit a dire.,
tonnd une quantite de paroles contre le Conte d'Enex. Lequel n'eut faute de
refponce de moyens pour maintenir au Secretaire, qu'il avoit eu Intelligence
avec le feu Roy d' Efpagne I'annee de la Grande Flotte. Ce que picqua fi fort le
Secretaire, (pour en efre paraventure quelque chofej qu'il fe prit a crier tout

* ^^^ Camden, p.63z. | See Camden's Eliz., p. 631.

% By Isihiua ConfciUters, he mciins the Judges, feven of whom are mentioned hj Camden, p.633.

hault

Book IV. Mr.VJ iKwooDs A'Cgotidlion ?;/ France. 2^9

/jati/tt qu'il nc fcroit jamais fervice a fa Majeftc, f\ on ne luy ofloit la tcfley^^. kJoo.
commc a nn Traiftrc. Et continuant fin difionrs-, il/c m'lt a geuoux, frotejlant
devaiit Dieu de j'a Fidellite\ (il navoit pas oublie ce jour la petite boifie-, car
en me vie je ne le veis pins beau J AiiJJitoJl les 'Pairs fi levcront de kur plates^
^ le chapeau an poing, le prierent Je relever\ difaut, qiiilz croyoyent ferme-
ment, que fa Majcjle n' aroint point de meUienr Scrviteur que Iny^ ^ que fd
Fidellitd kur cftoit affez connue, fa leiir contenance ilz redonbtoyent plus ce
petit hommc, que leur confidence ^ que leur Royne.) Le Secretaire ayant done
relafichd a fies injures^ unpen apres lesAdvocatz meirent fin a leur Accufiation^,
^ Mefifieurs Ics "Pairs e leur confitures^ ® a la biere ; car ce pendant que le
Contc S> les Advocatzplaydoyent, Mefifwnrs baufiroyent comme iilz neu(fcnt
mangd de i^ jours, prenant aujjy fiorce Tabac, entre autres le Conte Cumber-
land; puis, sen allcrent en une Salle pour donner leur voix; on, bien fiiouls ^
bienyvres de Tabac, condemnarent les deux Contes au me.fine fiupplice que le Ca-
pitaine Lee, les appellans Traifires ^ Rebelles.

Le Conte d'Eflcx oyant prononcer fion Arreft-, fiut aujfy content & ajfeur^^
comme fi on feufi mene dancer avec la Royne. Le Jugement dura depuis buifi
heurs de matin jufiqties a fiept du fioir, auqtiel une quantite de Centilzho^nes &
de TDames fie trouverent ; lefiquelz ayant tafiche la boucle de leur yeux-, ve'rfierent
taut de larmes, que fi les Juges n'eujfient eu un courage de Tygre, fqne ne cherche
que le fiang) ilz eujfent fians doute revoque leur Sentence. T)epuis pen il a
couru un bruit , que le Conte Southampton avoit fia grace-, ^ que le Conte Rut-
land, qui n'efi pas encore juge, fieroit quite pour dArgent. II rna efte dtt aufil
de botme parte, que le Conte d'Eflex @ le petit Cecile avoyent celebre la Cene
enfiemble, ^ qu'ilz efioyent reconcilie's.

Voyla tout ce quefaypeu veoir & recognoifire de ce malhetiT; le que I pour
eftre arrive a la perfionne d'Angleterre qui a phis de vertus, & qui cherit plus
la France, ne pent qu'il liapporte un extreme regret a un chacun, principalemeni
a vous, qui pour efire extremement vertueux % fi<.avant en la valeur de fies ga-
lands, la recognotjfiies mieu que perfionne cette perte inefiimable. C'efi pourqaoy
je meBtray fin a ce trifie dificours, me contentant fieul'ement du jugement que
vous en fiera, ^ de rhonneur qtie j'auray, fiij'ay tant de fiaveiir en vofire en-
droit -i d' efire tenu Monfieur pour

Voftre tres htlmble & tres obeifTant Serviteur^
t)e Londreg 4 Mars

1600. S. N. T>E THVMERT.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Win wood.

iifr.WinWGod, 7*' March 1600.

BEcaufe a late unhappy Accident hath drawil a Cloud over my Coufin Sir
Henry Nevilles Fortune, whereby there is an Alteration of his Imploy-
ment ; T have thought it very- necelTary, to acquaint you with her Majeflie's Plea-
fure for yout Proceeding. Firft, you muil continue your abode there, and deal for
all her Majeflie's Services as you have done, untill her Pleafure be further known.
Next, you muft fet on foot the Sollicitation of her Majefties Debt, becaufe it is
tery fit to take from them this excufe, that they are not fillicited, altho' I
thmksfiair Words will be our befi Payment; yet fiomewhat hath fiome Savour.
You may notwithftanding urge it w^ith fuch Reafons as heretofore have been ul^
ed, taking hold as much as you may, of former PromilTes to your Mailer ; and
fo find in what humour they are^ that we may thereby the better ground a new
Inftrudiioti for a new Ambaflador ; till which time, the Allowance of 30X. a Day
^ Ihall be continued to you. And to the Intent that you may be informed of all
things that have pafl, and fo truly remove ail the prejudiciall Imaginations of

thofie^

306 MrWii^'^^ooDS Negotiation mViLnncc. BooklV.

yf#, 1600. thofe, who have been [educed to attribute the Fall of this Earle, to fame Inju-
' (lice of the State, or violent Trofecution of his Enemies, I pray you dilate to
fuch Perlbns at are worthy of Satisfadion, all material! and aemonjirative Con-
futations, of thofe things which do either throw Scandal upon the Tublick, or
Slander upon private ''Per fins ; becaufe all things objected to him, have now
not only been confejfcd by the Earle himfelf before he dyed, but ratifyed pub-
lic kly in the Face of the World, by the ConfeJJion of five more of his prim ip all
Confederates, who have fince been tryed and condemned, and others privately
examined; who have wirnefTed, that he was gvAtyofthefe and othQx premeditat-
ed Treafons ; and that all his bruits of his Enemies 'Fra£fices, were but ad fa-
ciendum populum. ' ■

This 19* of February he was publickly arraigned, together with the Earle of
Southampton, in Weftminfter-hall, before f^ Peers of the Realm , the * Lord
Treafurer fitting as Lord Steward. At the Bar, the Earle laboured to extenuate
his Fault, by denying that he ever meant any harm to her Majefies Ferfon ; and^
by pretending that he took Arms, only to fave himfelf from the Lord Cobham
and Sir JValter Rawleigh ; who he gave out, iliould have murdered him in his
Houfe, on Saturday Night. He pretended likewife an Intention he had, to have
removed me, with Ibme others, from the ^een; as one that would have fold
the Kingdom of England to the Infanta of Spaine, with fuch other Hyperboli-
call Inventions. But before he went out of the Hall, when he faw himfelf con-
demned, and found that Sir John F)avis, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, Sir Chriftopher .
Bhint, and f Sir Charles 'Davers, had confefTed all the Conferences that were
held at F)rury-houfe by his F^ireSlion, for fur prizing the ^een and the Tower
of London ; he then broke out to divers Gentlemen that attended on him in the
Hall, that his Confederates who had now accufed him, had been principall In-
citers of him and not he of them, ever fince Augufl: laft, to work his Accefs to
the ^leen with force. And when he was brought to the Tower againe, he
fent to the Lord Thomas Howard, then Conftable of the Tower, to intreate him
to move her Majefty, to lend unto him the Lord Keeper, Lord Treafurer, Lord
Admirall, and 7ne the Secretary by Name, that he might now dilcharge his Con-
fcience, and confefs his great Obflinacy, in denying thofe things at his Arraign-
ment wherewith he hath been charged ; and alfo to reconcile himfelf to his Ene-
mies, and efpecially to me, whom he defired to forgive him for wronging me at
the Bar ; where he had pretended, that the Caufe of his taking Arms, was the
rather to fave the Kingdom of England from the Spaniard, to whom it was
bought and fold, particularly tirging it upon me who had been a 'Dealer in the
Feace. Adding alfo, that he had heard, that I had delivered to a Councellor, that
the Infanta had the beft Title. To the which when I replyed, and prefled that
the Party might be brought forth, \ Mr. Comptroller was named ; who being
fent for into the Seat of Judgment, very like a Gentleman and a Chriftian clear-
ed me, that I never fpake of that in other Sort, then as reporting what a ftrange
Book was come forth of one Doleman, dedicated to the Earl of Ejfex, which
did maintaine that Title to be the beft. The next day after, being Saturday,
when it pleafed her Majefty to fend us four unto him, he did with very grear pe-
nitency confefs, how forry he was for his obftinate Denyalls at the Barr; defire-
, ing he might have Liberty tofet down in Writing his whole FrojeSi of coming
to the Court in that Sort; which he hath done in four Sheets ofFaper, all un-
der his own Hand; and even indeed concurring with Sir Charles Davers, Sir
John Davys, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, and Mx. Littleton's Confeffions. And ack-
nowledged, that he fent divers Articles to Drury-houfe to be confidered of : As

" * Thomai Sackvllle, Lord Backhurft.

\ Mr. Cambdeo in his Account of this Tryal, calls him Sir Charles Danvtrs ; but in this Letter, in the
French Ambairadors, and in Sit Henry Nevill's Cik, he is wrote Davers: Tho' I think in my .Lord Ef-
^f;«'s Tryall (publiflied in the State Tryalls, P^ol. i.) he is called Danvers, -'JfiiJii

■\ Sir WlUia-m KnelUs. Camden'i Elix,.6-]1,

. ,, namely.

Book IV. MnWiawooDs Ncs^otiation in France. 3 o i

1^

namely, whether it were not good, at the lame time of coming to the Court, to An. 1600.
joffcls the To-jjer-, for to give Reputation to the Adlion, if die City Ihould mif- ~
ike if. Moreover, that Sir Chyijlopber Blunt with a Company of armed Men,
fliQuld take the Court Gate ; Sir John Davys ihould maftcr the Hall, and go up
into the Great Chamber, where there ihould be Ibmc Pcrlbns, who unliifpcciled
one after another, lliould aforehand be gotten into that Room, and have leized
upon the Halberts of the Guard, which commonly (land piled up againft the
Wall : And Sir Charles 'Davers fhould have been in the Tre fence, where fome
other Gentlemen lliould likewilc have made good that Place. Whereby my Lord
of Ejfex, with the Earls of SouthamJ^tm, Rutland, and other Noblemen, lliould
have oone in to the Queen ; and then having her in their 'PojfeJJion, to have
u fed we Shadow of her Authority for the changing of the Government; and then
to have called a 'Parliament, and have condemned all thofe, whom they fcanda-
lized to have mifgoverned the State. This is the Subftance of his Confeffion,
which he both verbally delivered to us, and afterwards fet down in IVrit-
ing. He ftirther asked forgivenefs of the Lord Keener, and thofe whom
he had imprillbned in his Houie; forrowing in his Heart, that they were put in
fear of their Lives by his Followers. Then he did molt paffionately defire in
Chriftian Charity, Forgivenefs at the Hands of thofe Perfbns which he had par-
ticularly called his Enemies; protefling, that when he had refolved of this rebel-
lious Adt to come to the Court with Force, he faw not what better Pretext he
could have, then a particular Quarrell to thofe, whom he had at the Barr named
his greateft Adverfaries. And being urged ftill to lay what he knew or could re-
veall, efpecially of that injurious Imputation to me; he vowed and protelled,
that in his own Confcience he did freely acquit me from any fitch matter ; and
was afliamed to have fpoken it, having no better Ground. He profefled alfo to
bear no Malice to the Lord Cobham and Sir Walter Rawleigh, whom he had
named his Enemies ; and by vi^hom he knew no other, then that they were true
Servants to the Queen and the State. 'After that, he made an humble Suit to
the Queen, that he might have the favour to dye privately in the Tower; which
her Majefty granted, and for which he gave raoft humble Thanks ; as appeareth
by this Note inclofed, which is a Copy of that which is fubfcribed by the three
Divines that were with him at his Death.

The z5^ of February he fufTered in the Tower, with very great Patience and
Humillity. Only (notwithftanding his Refolution that he mud dye,) the Con-
flict between the Fleih and the Soul did appear thus far, that in his Prayers he
was feign to be helped ; otherwife no Man living could pray more chriflianly
then he did.

This Death of his was the more haftened, by that bloody pradice of Thomas
Lee; who not four days after his Apprehenfion, dealt with Sir Henry Nevill
(Son in Law to the Lord Treafurer) and with Sir Robert Crofs, alluring them
that he would deal with fome other Gentlemen of Refolution to the Number of
four, who lliould at Supper time (the Queen fitting in her privy Chamber) have
taken her, locked her Doors, and (as he fillily pretended) only have pinned her
tip, till he had forced her to fign a Warrant for the Earl's delivery out of the
Tower. Which vile piirpofe being difcovered by thofe two Gentlemen, and a-
vowed to his Face, (he being at that very Night watching at the privy Chamber
door, to difcover how he might have accels the next Day,) he was feized, and
being examined, confefTed thus much : only vowing, that he would not have hurt
her Terfon (whom God blefs) except others would have forced in upon her, to
hinder that Courfe which he pretended, for their Delivery.

The 5* of this Month, Sir Charles 'Davers, Sir Chrijiopher Blunt, Sir John
'Davys, Sir Gelly Merrick, and Henry Cuff, were tryed and condemned in Weft-
minfter-Halliox Treafon; they having been the principal Adors and Confulters
of this Enterprife. For their Execution, it is not yet determined of, neither what
Ihall become of the Earle of Southampton ; of whom as I cannot write in Defpair,
fo I dare not flatter ray felf with hope, Yefterday here arrived at London the

H h h h Earle

302 Mr.Wi^wooj)'s Negotiation mFrance. Book IV .

y^n. 1600. Earle of Marr, Ambaflador from the King of Scotland. His Errands are gene-
rally fnppofed to be, to congratulate the Queen of her fafe Delivery from this
dangerous Confpiracy, and to deal for Border Caufes, and other particular Acci-
dents between both Kingdoms: As of Sir JVilliam Evers and other PrifToners
here, who have had fecret TDealings in Scotland. For the matter of our Peace,;
all things as yet do ftand in Terms as before ; for this fudden Accident being of
that Weight and Coniequence at houie, it hath diverted not only her Majefty, but
all her Counciil and publick Minifters, from all other Bufynels abroad. And fo
for this Time I committ you to God his Protedtion.

Tour loving Friend,

RO. CECYLL

You muft underfiand, that he was an exceeding earneji Stiiter, to be executed,
privately in the Tower.

* Sir Henry Nevilh CASE.

ALthough I mean not tojujlify my felf altogether from Blame ^ but do free-
ly and willingly acknowledge an Ojfence., and lubmitt my felf to her Ma-
jeftie's Mercie ; yet my own Soul witnejjing to her felf-, that it was ever loyall
and faithfull to her MajeJIy, and confequently abhorring more then "Death, the
Imputation of that Fatilt., and loathfome Crime of Faljhood and Treafon ; I do
only defire, that ray fault may not be barely or nakedly cenlured, but examined
together with all the Circumjtances that did accompany it ; which are the beft
means to try, not only the Actions, but the Intentions of all Men, as far as it is
pofFible to penetrate.

I have already acknowledged to the Lords of her Majeflies Privy Counciil, that
I was intreated by Mr. Cuf, in the late Earl of Ejfex his Name, to meet with the
Earle of Southampton and Sir Charles "Davers ; by them to underftand fome Pro-
jedt which he had in Conlultation, touching his own good, and the good of the
State, and to give my Advice in it; with ajftirance, that nothing Jhould be pro-
pojed, which I might not hear with due reJpeB to my Alleigance ; for fo the
Words of the Meflenger did import. After fome ten Days delay on my part, and
often Sollicitation, I went to T)rury-Houfe on Candlemas-day, and met with
them; where their Projed; being opened unto me, I objected both againfl: the
Nature and Difficulties of it, gave no Approbation, or promife of partaking, but
only faid I would advife of it. After which, I never /pake with them, nor heard
from them ; and when Mr. Cuffe came fbon after unto me, I utterly refuled to
have any part or hand in the matter ; and being requefted to come, and Ipeak
with the Earle of Ejfex himfelf about the third day after, Irefufed it, becaufe in-
deed I would have nothing to doe with him, finding that he had luch Conceits
"working in his Mind. The bare and Jimple Truth of my Cafe is this. Where-
by it appeareth. Fir ft, that it was not a matter that originally entred into my
Thoughts, but that I was enticed, and in a manner enforced to hear it. For

* If the Reader has perufed Sir Betir'j NevHl's Negotiation in France, he will I am perfwaded want no
■Apology, to convince him of the Integrity and unfpotted Loyalty of this Minifter, whofe Zeal for the Ho-
nour and true Interefi of his Sovereign, is obvious in every Page. And it is very remarkable, that every
Step he took in that whole Affair, v^k entirely approved, both by the Siiieen and the Secretary. As to the
TaS before us, I think the following Cafe (which is all of his own hand, and was I think fent to Mr.Win-
■wood into France, for I found it amongft his Papers,) is a compleat vindication of his Loyalty, how juftly fo-
ever he might deferve fome Cenfure, for concealing that, which (at the time it was firft communicated)
■womM. hardly have been beiiev'd, and probably not countenanced, if he had revealed it. However, I can't
but think my felf happy that 1 met with this Paper, which will do Juftice to the Memory of a Gentleman,
who (notwithflanding /-^ij one falling) appears to have been a 'wife and faithful Minifier, and every way
worthy to ferve fo great and virtuous a Miftrefs.

( with

Book IV. Mr. Win wood'j- Negotiation in France. 303

wichthcfc Protcftations and AfTuianccs, how could I well have rcfiifcd, aud/vjho An. \(>oo.
might not have been aha fed as well as I? Aud if thcfe Ajfurances had been
f>cr formed., what Offence had it been to have heard what had been propofcd ?
Secondly it appcarcth, that at the fiid Propoficioji I gave not Approbation, but
rather made oppofition to it, and afterwards rcfuicd aWoIurcIy to have any hand
or fclowHiip in it; which will I hojic (iifficiently argue, that neither originally,
nor by ferfwajion, any dijloyal thought again ft her Majcjly did ever fettle in my
minde. For the better Evidence whereof; I dcfire that thefe Circumftanccs may
be confidered. Firfl: that I never had any Inwardneis wiLh the Earle of Effex.^
nor any Dependency on him, nor any Obligation to him, when he was in his
highefl: Fortunes; but had rather Caulc of unkindncls and difcourtcfy offered me
by him fundry times, as I have lliewed my Lords of the Councill of. And if it
be objedtcd, that I went to lee him in OBober laft, and might then begin a
Friendihip and Inwardneis with him; befides, that I avow there pafTcd nothing
of that kinde, but gencrall Complements between us; let all Men confider, what
kind of Inwardnefs that was like to be., leing that in four Months after, he
lying in London, and my felflikewile, I never fo miich as once faw him, or had
any Communication with him. Secondly, I dellre that it may be remembredj
that this Meeting at 'Drewry-Houfe was not rill Candlemas ; whereas her Maje-
fly had figned my Privy-Seal and all my Difpatches, at the lead four days be-
fore ; and in Truth if I could have got my Money (which I laboured with all
earneflnefs both my Lord Treafnrer and Mr. Skinner, and was at length forced
to fignify to Mr. Secretary that I could not get va, albeit my Journey (laid up-
on nothing elfe,) I fully purpofed to have fet forward upon the Thurfday after
Candlemas-day at the farthefl; and if that had been fo, undoubtedly I had never
met with them. Now then my T)ifpatches being ready ffgned, and my felf making
all the haft I could to let forv^^ard within fb few days, what likely hood is there
that the Earle Jhottld build upon any thing from me, in that I was not likely to
fee the Ijfue ofl Efpecially, which I defire may be noted as the Third Circum-
ftance, being the Matter was delivered to me as an undigefted Conception, and
not as a Refolution ; and befides that, they never imparted to me their Articles
whereof they did deliberate. Fourthly it may be confidered, that after that
Conference, I never faw them that had broken the Matter to me, nor ever heard
from them. Which argueth, that they found little Comfort at nty hands, and
made fmal Account of me in the matter; as it appears likewife in this, that when
they made their defperate Attempt upon the Sonday, and fought to gather un-
to them all thoie of whom they had any Hope whatfoever, though it were but
by Prefumption, they never fent to me nor made Me acquainted with it^ as the
Lord know eth, and as I hope they all teftifyed; which is a plaine Argument Z/:^^?
they had not any Confidence in me. Nay rather, confidering that Cuffe never
came to me, after that I refufed to come to my Lord ; and how unequally (that I
may not fay uncharitably) my Lord dealt with me in his Confeflion; wherein
he delivered matters to chai'ge me, but nothing to difcharge me, although both
alike known unto him, and how he hath added fome things nothing pertinent to
this matter, and only of purpofe to aggravate as it feems ; I have Caufe to think
that he took offence againft me for my refufall, and perhaps afterwards con-
ceived that I was the Revealer of it. But howlbever, I do freely and from my
Heart, acknowledge my Offence in concealing of it, and do humbly implore her
Majellies Pardon and Mercy for it; but proteft it was not from any Malice or
T>ifcontent againft the State, for who had more Intereft therein then I ? Nor
any defire that the Attempt Jhould fiicceed, for who could have more dtfiiked it
than I ? Nor any perfbnall Affedtio7i to my Lord, for I never had any particular Ob-
ligation to him: But partly upon Contempt of the M.'Hitcx,htmgfo weak and unlike-
ly a TrojeB (neither formed nor refolved of) as I hoped would have proved abor-
tive, and vaniftied of it felf, whenfoever they Ihouid have laid afide the Pailion of
Difcontentment and examined it with reafon ; and partly upon an ImbeciUitie
and Weaknefs of my ownNature.^ (if fo it be to be termed,) which could not re-

folve

3C4 Alr.V^mwooDs Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. \6oo.folve to become an Acctifer ; which how odious a thing it is, all the World know-
eth ; especially in refpeSl of the Terfon, 'iz:hom I muft have accufed\ who I de-
fire may be confidered, not as he hath been found fince^ but as he was reputed.
Although I confels, that my 'Duty to the Tublick,flwuld have prevailed above
all refpe6i of my own private 'Difgrace which I apprehended in it. And that
I did not confent to it upon any evil Ground.^ let my frank, fimple, and plaine
Declaration, which I made upon my firft calling to fome, be Witnefs for me;
wherein I have fet down my whole Knowledge freely and diredtly, and prefumed
fo much of my own Innocency, as touching any Conient or Participation in the
Ad:ion, as I have omitted diverfe Circumftances therein, which might mofl have
jullifyed my Intention. But the more really and plainly I have dealt therein, the
more gracioufly I truft her Majedy will interpret of my former Errour, which
(the Lord is my Judge) was without Conceit of any traiterous or difloyall
Thought againft herMajeftie. And defire God to deal in Mercy with my Soul,
that I was going now into France with a full Purpofe, Defire, and Refolution to
ferve her Majellie with all, that Faith., Zeal., and Councell can witnefs I had
done., in my former Imp loyment:, and Vv'ill always do, whenfoever it ihall pleafe
her Majeflie to call me to the like againe.

*A/r. Winwood /(? Sir Henry Neville.

Tar is, 16^^^ March
Right Honorable my very good Lord, 1600, O. S.

AFTER fo long and fo afTured an Expedlation of your Lordfliip's Return,
having received no AdVertiiements nor Dired:ion from you, I have prefu-
med to fend this Bearer, though I have not much more to advertife then in my
lall: I have informed ; fornow thefe Storms oi Savoy are blown over, it is likely
yet for fome Seafon we fliall enjoy a ftill and dead Calm. The King is now en-
tirely pofTefled of the Country of Brejfe, and Monfieur de Toijfi, as Governor,
is entred into Bourg. Monfieur de Sillery is already returned, and this Week
Monfieur de Villeroy is expected. The Conflable doth yet ftay behind, to give
order for the Rendition oi Montmelian to the Duke oi Savoy., wherein fome do
hold, that Monfieur Lefdiguieres will a while temporize, untill he fliall perceive
which way thofe Forces, which the Duke doth yet hold on foot, lliall be imploy-
ed. For although he pretends his Quarrell to Montferat, yet levying and main-
taining fo great Forces, at fo great a Charge, for fo petty an Enterprize, doth
breed a Jealoufy here, that he aimes at another Mark. The Marquefs of Oiinf-
baright hath lately lent a Gentleman to this King, advertifeing him of great Le-
vies of Men that the King of Spaine doth make in all Parts ot Germany, to the
number of 18000 Foot and 30ooHorfe; his Purpole therein is not here difcover-
ed, neither do I find that this King doth much apprehend it. Some Speech here
is of a 'Diett fliortly to be held in Germany, for the Choice of a King of tht Ro-
mans. This King doth hold himfelf in part ajfured of it, by thofe fair Tro-
mijfes, wherewith the Tope (to ferve his own purpofe) doth dayly feed his am-
bitious Humour. But the King oi Spaine will oppofe himfelf Viis ^ Modis, not
for himfelf, but for his Wife's Brother Ferdinando of Gratz ; and for that rea-
ibn, it is not improbably difcourled, that thofe Levies of Men are railed in Ger-
many.

I have been lately advertized of a fecret Litelligence, and more then of ordi-
nary Vifits and Greetings that ihould be between t\vQ Ambajfador oi Scotland 2,vA
Ayala ; and I my felf find, and have it confirmed by others, that the Humours
of the Nation are much altered, even of thofe whom I have found befi affe-
Bion'd to her Majeflie s Service, and the Trofperity of our State; which makes
me much fufpedt, that fome indireB Courfes are intended from thofe Tarts

* This Letter, though 'tis direfted to Sit Henry Neville, was fent to the Secretary.

againfi

Book I V. Air. Win woods Negotiation in France. 305

n^ainji the fettled Government of her Majefie's State; iz-hich fome of\them in An. i()00,
this To'v:jn^ are not ajhamcd openly to deliver. I would not in Duty omicc to fend ^
this* Letter., written fromMonficur de Boifife to Monficur de Rohan-., confider-
ing hoiv malicioufly and nnisuorthily he doth endeavour to difgrace (for it doth
not become mc to ulc harder Terms againfl: a Peribnagc of his Quallity) the
'■jijhole ^Proceeding of our Jujiice, and her Majefie's Miniflers^ 'whom /he hath
deputed to the Government of hcrAffiiirs.

When the King did laft talk with mc of the late inexcufahle T>iforders, as he
fceracd to be very lorry that the late Earle Ihould lb difloyally ibrgett his Duty
towards fb gracious a Soveraign, to attempt any thing againfl her Terfon or her
State; fo he Ihcwed a very tender Care, joyncd with a loving AfTcdtion, for the
Continuance of her Majeitie's Prelervation, in Health and profperous Govern-
ment. Since I undcrftand by Monfieur deRhofiy., that he finds it flrange., that
he hath not heard any thing particularly as from her., the matter being lb no-
torious and lb important; '-jnhereby he feems to doubt., that he fljould be fiifpe£i-
cd to have for ekno"JD ledge thereof; and lays, that he hath received Advertife-
ment, that from hence it Jhould be written into England, that he made his
'PeacewithSivoy to return into thefeTarts, to be near at hand upon thefe Emo-
tions and Tumults in England. The other Letter came to me by Colvel., what
Subje6t it hath I know not. I am not skilled in that Language, and in this Town
I would not adventure to have it interpreted, lead by that means his Intelligence
with your Lordlliip fliould be difcovercd ; of whofe Credit (for the Endeavours
he doth fhew to her Majeftie's Service) I hold my felf bound in common Hone-
fty to have a particular Care. But it is written here, that Ibme Men of fufficienC
Malice againft our State, at my being at Marfeilles, pafled from thence to Rome,
with Letters to theTope from Tirone and Odomiell. After all the Pain and Tra-
vell that I have taken with the Counfail here in our Merchants Caufe, though I
have demanded nothing but that which is Reafon, viz. to have the Surfeance
confirmed for three Months., (which the King hath granted by his Patent,) the
Cloth which they have fequeftred to be redelivered, and being marked for vici-
ous to be fold accordingly : This is all the Favour I can obtaine, that an Arrefl
fliall be granted, which fliall permitt them for this time, to carry back into Eng-
land their vicious Cloaths which they have brought hither. So now I am at a
fland, for I will not prefume, in a matter of fo great Importance, (wherein con-
fifts the maine of our Commerce) to proceed, untill I fliall be both fully autho-
rized, and more fully inftrudted, for the Reverfing or Interpreture of this Arrefl.
The King and Queen are at ^tGermahis^ and are expeded both in this Town
uppon ITednefday next. And fo, ^c.

Tour Lord/hip's, dec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

iV/r. Winwood to Str Henry Neville.

SIR, Taris i6^^ March 1600. O.S.

MY Sorrow for your unhappy Dilgrace would find no mean, did not my con'
fident Knowledge of your Loyall "Duty to your Trince and Country, to-
gether with your Wifdom and 'Difcretion, give me ajfured Comfort in my deep-
eft Mi fdoubts. But I doubt not, h\xx.your honorable Services will foon remove
all fmifler Sufpicions ; and in the mean time, I repoie my felf in the Conftancy
and Patience of your Mind. For your kind Willies I do mod humbly thank you,
knowing they proceed from the abundance of your loving AfFedion towards me ;
but til what State foever it jhall pleafe God to preferve me, I will ever ac-

* This fs the Letter printed before, fag. 296.

I i i i knowledge

30^ Mr.Wim\ooDs Negotiation inVrance. Book IV.

^/f. 1600. knoijvledge a Uuty to you and yours, with Honor andRefpe6i. Your Command-
ments for the Recovery of your Family and HouflioId-ftu(f, I will faithfully, and
as near as I can, punctually obferve. I befeech you, as you may with Conveni-
ency, inform me what Order fliall be taken for my Provifionjuntill the Difcharge
of your Imployment. Since November I have received only a^o Crowns. Mr.
Secretary by his Letters, doth continue my Allowance at 30j-. the Day ; yet if I
durft fo prellime, (but that I know the Weaknefs of my own Services) I would
intreate the Day Allowance, which hath 6een rated at 40 j-. Pardon f pray you
my Shortnefs, and fo praying for a Releafe from your Troubles, I humbly take
my leave, ©r.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris ly"""^ March x6oo. O.S.

I Received your Honor's Letters when thefe inciofed were written, and ready
to beaddreiTed to my Lord Ambaffador; whofe heavie Misfortune I do the
rather lament, becaufe I fiiide her Majeftie is deprived of a ivorthey Minijier,
in a time when his Service might have ben moft behoofiill to his Trince and
Countrey.

According to your Honor's Commandment, I will prefently follicit the Kinge
for the Reimbourfment of a convenient Somme for this Year; and according to
thofe Inftrudtions which I receave, I will particularly in all Points, deliver tJjo/e
Jhamefiill and dijloy all T radii zes, (as generally, heretofore I have done, as far as
the confufe Knowledge which I had gathered would permit,) andwithall, will let
down both in French and It alien, the cheef Heads which frincifally do difiover
the Secretts of their wickedTretences, and concern the Juftification of her Ma-
jeftie''s Troceedings. Your Honor will be pleafed to confider, how much it doth
import her Majeftie's Service, the fpeedy Repair of an extraordinary Ambaffa-
dor to congratulate this Mariage, and the Supplie of this Place by the Refidence
of a Perfonage of Quallity; whofe Wifdom and Moderation may conferve the
Alliance of theie Crowns on her Majeftie's part, and re-eftabliHi our Trade of
Merchandifes, which without fpeciall Inftance, (by the Terverfenefs of this
'People,) is nowe in danger to decay. In the mean time, I humbly recommend
my Endeavours unto your Honor's accuftomed Graces and Favours, which I un-
derftand by many Letters from my Lord, you have vouchfafed to conferre upon
me ; whereby I reft engaged perpetually to willi your Honor's Prolperity, for her
Majeftie's Safety, and your Countries Seryice.

I humbly defire to be advertized, whether yt lliall ftand with your Honor's
Plealure, that I iliall give Accels to Charles Paget, and other Englijh, who
ftand in like termes with him. Sir Hetjry Neville, by Permiftion from your Ho-
nor, held Intelligence with fome of them ; which was the Caufe, that whileft I
lerved under him, I did not refuie to be vifited by them ; but now, without War-
rant, I muft defire to be excufed.

The Bilhop of Glafcoe is refolved to leave his Imployment, and doth purpofe
to perfwade the Kinge to beftow it upon one named Balladin, who hath ben his
Affiftant. This Balladin is a profeffed Enemy to our State, and doubt les will
■endeavour to do many ill Offices, yf his Powre fljall fort with his ill-dijpofed
AffeBion. The Earle o? Mar may doubtlefs flop this Courfe, and doubtlels
will do yt, as my Lord IVeemes doth afTure me, yf he may in time be informed
of their Purpofe. I fliall have occafion fome times to ufe a Cyfre; yt may pleafe
you either to call for that which I ufed with Sir Henry Neville, or lend one with
your next. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.
Mr. Secre-

Book IV. Mr. Win vvooDViV'(^^^^/V/^/6^;/ ///France. 307

An. 1 6 CO.
Mr. S'eaeiary Cccyll to Mr. Winwood.

SIR, xi^^ March, 1600.

\TOlJ fliall pcrccavc by this Letter thai herMajefiie hath given you Credits
Y the Copic whereof I fend you inclofed. You ihall alfo know, that althd
Jhe bath forborn to touch in partlculer this Offence, wherein the World may
perccavc how much Labour, and how many Benefitts jhe hath caft away upon
that tmgratefull Erie ; yet you may by view of that which formerly I fcnt you,
and that now you receavc, in fommaryc wife reprcfciit unto the Kinge, not only
the Fa6i, but the Ctrcumjlances, for his owne Sarisfadion. That he may lee,
that thefe Treajbns fpronge from a Root of Ambition, and were neither forced
by Opp-effion uorTraBicc of his Enemycs ; when by his own Confeflion, his Ac-
cufations of his Enemyes,have been avowed to have been only to colour his Pre-
tence. Next it appearerh by the Confeffion of all his Conlpirators, that the ta-
king of the Tower, feafinge of the Citty and placing new Officers, callinge of
a Parliament, and furprifinge of the Court, had tnore then private Ends. And
yet it now appearerh that he flayed not here, if you read the inclofed, whereby
you fliall fee what he refolved in Ireland, before he came over. The laft that dy-
ed weare Sir Charles leavers and Sir Chriflopher Blunt, whereof the one of
them, was dearer unto 7ne then mo ft Gentlemen in England : Yet I will hope,
(feeing her Majeftie hath now fatisfyed Juftice in Execution of thefe principal!
Confpirators,) that the Erie of Southampton Jhall be fpared. Of Sir Henry
Neville'j Fortune no Man taketh more Care then I do, beinge tyed thereunto
by all the Lawes of Friendfliip and Nature. And fo for this time I committ you
to God.

From the Court Tour very loving Friend,

^t Whitehall. RO. CECYLL.

T. S. You fliall underftand that her Majeflie's Pleafure is, that you do pre-
fcnt to the Queen this Letter, with all the good Compliments you can ; not as
one that no we are to performe the compleat Office of Congratulation, (for which
herMajefiie intendeth to imploye fome Perfbnage of great Quallity,) but only
that it may appear to the Queen, that when Sir Henry Neville went over, flie
had begonne this firfl part of a Welcome neercr her; which being once written,
and his Imployement interrupted, her Majeftie was contented that you fliould
prefent unto her, becaufe you may the rather have Opportunity to fee her, and
lend back the good News of her good Eftate.

Thus you have in Subftance, as much as this tyme requireth, wherein now
you know the Scope, I leave it to be managed by your Dilcretion.

^g-

Queen Ehzabeth to the French King

January 1600.

1 E Currant de vos profperites ViBoires ^ bonnes Portunes a cotirru fi vifte,
'—' qiia peine refetisje une nouvelle qu'une anltre n'enfiiyvif ; tellement, que
*uoftre Ambafadeur me fera tefmoing avec quelle lyejfe je re feus les bonnes
intelligences, en rendant pour ce mes humbles graces au Seigneur 'Dieu,
a qui je ne doubt e que n'en recognoijfez le feul fondement qui vous a mis en
tefte ft botmes ^ opportune s refolutions, ^ luy pour prie continuer fes faveurs
tousjours en voftre endroiEi.

'Tour parler du retardemetit de I'arrivee de mon Ambaffadeur, je vous pro-

meBs que ce a ejie bien king de mon intention, mes apres fon retour chez moy,

ily a eu des affaires qui grandement toucherent fon Eft at, qui confiderant vo-

Jire Efloignement de ces quartiers, le jirent plus Audacieux a prolonguer le

temps :

3o8 Mr.W itiwooDS Negotiation inVrance. BooklV.

j^n. i6oQ.temJ^s : Mais ejiant frefi a partir, jevous le recommande, avec tel negoce
y d'im^portance qu'il vous communicqtiera ; Et vous fiipplie imaginer, que c'efl
pour un Trhice tel' qui me fins monjire en vos affaires., pour iien re^evoir
aultre recognoijfance, que des belles lettres & des mots recognoijfants le merite.
Tarolles font des fneilkts, le Toix conjijie en faiEls, qui font les vrays fruiSls
iune bonne Arbre. Tourtant confiderez, que je ne puis eftre infenjible de tant
d'Allees & Venues, tant de procrafinations de temps a aultre ; tellement, que
Jay honte que tout le monde voit que peu de refpe£i m'eji us^ pour tout le
prorhptitttde que Jay monftre en I'ous haft ant mes aydes^ que Ji elks eujfent eu
oreilles f fourdes, vojire Eft at s'en fuft bien rejfenti. Il n'y a chofe au monde
que je haii plus que de rememorer quelque bienfaiEi ; mais il ne tient a moyi
car fijen euffe cfte miculx traicic, feujfe efte bien efloignee de telles imputa-
tions. Et pour tant pour finer cefte, au nom de 'Dieu confiderez mieulx , qui
'VOUS t otic he en honneur ; ne faiEles que fay jufte caufe d'eftoigner mon aff^ediiojz
de tel Trine e, que je voys mettre au devant de moy toutes aultres Nations, de
quelle petite qualite qu'ils foyent. Et four ne vous fafcher plus je finer ay ce-
Jie, comme

Voftre bonne Soeur

E L I Z A B. R.

N'

Queen EUzaheth to the Queen of France.

January i6co,
'ON difpiacerd fpero Cariffma Sorella mia a gli occhi fuoi vedere una Let-
tra fcritta nella lingua fiia naturale, benche mefchiata di molti falli, per
monftrarfi molt a allegrezza della honor ata profpera & felice forte fiia, tanto
piu per afpettatione che quella aff^ettione che il Gran 'Duca m'a tanto dedicata,
defcendera per diritta linea a fua Nipote. Et fara cagione che I'affettione
d'una ben radicata Legua, fi eftenderd hi molti rami per fupportare Arbore, che
non fi fqiiacci per qualcunche horribili venti di Malvaggi Spiriti, che fi nutrif-
cono di Venenofi Aeri. Afficarandoui della mia parte che mai fi mane herd di
moftrarmi degna di tal corrijpondenza, come gli ejfetti mi proveranno "verace
fe fi prefenteranno cagioni a me cofi felici di poterli giuftificare in fatti fin che
dimorera fitnpre

Voftra Affedtionatiffima Sorella

E L I Z A B. R,

QuQtw Ehzaheth to th.Q French King.

Mon Tres Cher Frere, aoMarsi(5oo,

^'yE me rougis bier quant je re feus 'uoflre Letre, fi remplie d^ajfe5iionee hoH-

j neur ^ amy able recognoiffance de liefe extreme, pour la Bonte diuine mon-
fire'e en mon endroiB pour m^ avoir livree d'une fi intime & proche trahifon,.
quant il me fouvenoit, que le retar dement de mon Ambaffadeur ou quelque. au-
tre, avoit retar de' non delibere propos, pour vous congratuler Vhonorable mari-
age, avec voftre heureux retour a Tarts. Mais j'efpere que voftre Ambajfa-
deur tefmoignera avec moy les urgentes occafions qui en furent caufe, & comme
auffy tout fuft preft d paffer la mer, quant chofe s Eftranges fe confejferent par
les traiftes me fines qui le toucherent aucunement. iV^ voulant jamais vousman-
de perfonne de qui il y auroit le moindre Soubcon d'aulcun default. Et pour
tefmoignage de ce qui fuft, je vous prefente les deux Letres qui furent efcrip-
tes en mefines temps, vous fuppUant de les prendre en bon gr^, jufques a ce
que je mande ung plus propre perfonnage pour Ambaffadeur. Et qu'il vous
plaife ce temps pendant, d'ouyr favorablement le Secretaire de V autre, lequel,

depuis

'i

BobklV. Mr^ViiJv/ooDsNegotiatwjim'FiiincL §o^

deftiis foil retour'j vous avez ouy declarer Ics iiegoces qui m'irnportoyent fort, j^n. i(>oo<

i§ que jcn recoivc quclqiic refponce.

. Ne vous voulans plus fajcher, wais frier le Createur de vous cojiferver en

bonne vie £rJ longue.

Voflre bien Affcdtioncc Soeur

elizab r.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretavy Cccyll,

Right Honorable-, . Tarts., '^i'^ March 1600. O. S.

THE King rctorned with the ^een to this Tovviie from St. Germaines on
JVednefday lafl:, fince which time I have had Accefs unto him. When Ide-
hver'd, " that as her Majeftie was afleurcd, that he was fully enformed by his own
" AmbafTador of the diflionourable and difloyall Pradlizes of the late Earle of
" EjfeXf fo her purpofe was, that he fliould have receaved Information thereof
" from her Ambaflador; who being as far as 'Dover advanced on his way for
" his Retorne, was from thence recalled, and fince difcharged of his Emploi-
" ment. Her Majeftie's Pleafure was that I fliould remaiue here for her Service, e-'
" Ipecially to receave his CommaundmentSj untell fuch time as flie fliould fend
" another Ambaflador, which llie wold do with the firfl: Comnriodity. I was
•' commaunded to advertife him of thefe late uuhappie Accidents in her Realme,
'' yf perhaps his Ambaflador had been defedive. And fo I fhewed, that though
" the late Earle at the time of his Arrainment, in Jollity and Gayety de Cwur,
" did labour (though all in vaine) to jullifie his Innocency ; yet before he went
" out of the place where he was condemned, the Confeflions of his Complices
" enforced his Obflinacy much to relent ; and that at his retorn to Prifon, be-
" fore the hh. Keeper, Treafirer, Admiral 2CiA your Honor, he did freely and
" voluntarily, with a hatefuU Deteftation of his Crime, let downe the Drifts and
V Purpole of his Defeignes to liirprize the Court, to pofl"es him of her Majeftie's
" Perfon, and theil giving her the Law, wold chafe from her Prelence all fuch,
" her Servants and Minifters, as did not pleas the Taft of his Appetit, and after
" fafliion to his Phantafie, the Gouvernmeut of the Commonwelth. I declared
" moreover, the humble Acknowledgment, and forrowfuU Contrition that he;
•' made for many particular Wrongs ; namely, for that abfurd and lencelefs Im-
" putation to your Honor ; which he confefled to be afliamed ever to have char-
" ged upon you, fith his oWne Confcience did freely acquit you of it. Laft'y,
*' I laid, that his lafl and molt humbell Petition to her Majeftie was, that though
" the Greatnefs of his Offence did nether deferve Pitty nor Grace, yet that he
" might find that Favour to fiffer privatly from the Veue and Tre fence of the
" World. There the Kinge ftaied me, and faid, nay rather the clean con-
" trary, for he defired nothing more then to dye in Tublik. I prayed him to
" beleeve what I had faid; and to knowe, that fo hainous an Offence, in her
*' Majeftie's courfe of Juftice did require a publick Execution, for Example to o-
" thers not to attempt the hke; which accordingly had been perfourmed, had
" not her Majeftie remitted ^o much of the Nature of the Lawe at his own ear-
" neft Motion, and the inftance of many who foUicited for him. He asked me
" then of the Earle of Southampton; I anfwered as your Honor hath inftrudled
" me. Then, whether all that were in Prifon iliould fuffer; I anfwered, that it
" was not to be doubted, that as her Majeftie had ihewed the Powre of her Ju-
" ftice in taking away the Head of this Pradtize, fo llie would vouchfafe to
*' Ihewe the Bounty of her Mercy^ in giving Grace to many who were entangled
" in this Crime, perhaps rather upon carelefTe Simplicity, then upon willflill
" mahce.

" Thus far I had a p leafing Audience; but when I fpake of Reimborfment
" for her Majefties Debt, which I urged upon her long forbearance, the necefli-

Kkkk " tj

1 1 d jlir. Win WOOD j Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An.j.600. " ty of her prefent Affaii-es, the Promifes of his AmbafTador to her Ma-
~ ~^ " jeftie, his Promifes to her Majefties Ambaflador, both by Writing and by
" Word of Mouth, he took Occafion to leave me; faying only, he wold
" advife of yt". Since, I have in the former Subjed: geven Satisfadlion
(both by Conference, and by Relation in Writing) to fome Gentlemen
of the King's Chamber, and to other French who beft are acquainted with
our Affaires of England, as namely to the Governor of IDiepe ; fo likewife to
many Scottijh Gentlemen, to the Venetian Ambaflador, and the Agent of Flo-
rence-^ and thofe Englljh who are here of v/orth.

The Kinge hath told Monfieur la Fonntaine, that the Duke of Bcmtllon
jlootild have a hand in this TraUtice ; and Monfieur de Rhofney hath faid the
fame, to the Agent of the States. They cold be content that it Jhoiild be bee-
leeved, thereby to weaken the good Repitation he holds i7i her Majejiies Grace.
I think it not amifs that the 'Duke Ihould knowe how much he is beholding to
them both. Monfieur de Rohan gives not the beft Report of his Entertainment
in England; nor the King not the beft contented, with the great Honor which
^on Verginio there receaved: Either becaufe Monfieur de Rohan had not fo
great, or becaufe it was greater th@n he found here in France. Monfieur de
Mejfe doth labour to fiifprefs the French Letter which in my laft I fent ; and
doth fay, he knows the AmbafTador is too wife fo much to forget himielf ; and
doth endeavour to derive the Fault on his eldeft Son, who lives with him.

Charles Taget this day came unto me with this Speeche : That though he had
found the Services which he had preferred, and Ibme which he hath performed,
to be neglected; and, as he complaines, Advertifements which he hath fent into
England (whileft he remayned in Flaunders) to be retorned thither againe to
his Dilgrace ; yet the World fllould never finde that he wold faill of that his gene-
rail Duety, which by the Laws of God and Nature, his Prince and Countrey
might challenge of him. Whereupon he faid with many Vows and Proteftations,
andfo williedme to advertize, that he is afTeured by a Gentleman of Honor,
ivho is engaged himfelf in the Adlion, that the Kinge of Spayne is refolved
this Tear, to make fom Attempt upon England. I have urged him to Ipeake more
particularly. He fays that more he can fay and more he is able to learne, yf he
might perceave, that for his Services he might finde favour.. Yet by Importunity
I have wrefted thus much from him, that the pirfofe is, to hold Ireland fill in
"^orke, and to afaillthe Land in divers parts, for lb he faieth, by South and
North. What I can conjecture by his broken and perplexed Speeches, is, that
Sir James Livdfey is the Man that hath given him the Light of this Matter, (yf
there be any flich Matter,) who is Brother to the Earle of Crawford, and lives
here in the Billiop of Glafcoe his Houfe. I am dayly enformed of the fecret
Conferences between the Biiliop of Glafcoe and Ayala the Archduke'^ Agent.
Yt is not unlikely, that through Flaunders fome Men may be pafTed over.

The Duke of Savoy hath dilTolved his Troupes. He retaines befides his ordinary
Militia, 4000 Men, and fends into Flanders ^000 Neapolitaynes, and 2500 Spa-
niards. By your other Intelligence, your Honour will loon judge what grovvnd
this hath, and if it be worth the iiitertaining. Any kindnefs from your Honor
either by Letter or Meffage, (whereby he may be put in hope to have his Services
as they fliall deferve to be rewarded,) will bind him from time to time particu-
larly to enforme, (whereof he hath means) any thing that fliall be intended by
Scotland or Flaunders ; for I find he doth nowe more then ever defire to gaine
fom Place in your Honor's favour.

Here is in this Town one John Colville, a Scottijh Gentleman, whom Sir
Henry Neville did much ufe ; he is able to do good Service, and I find him wil-
ling and faithfuU. Yf Occafion did fo require, I think he wold not refufe to goe
Into Spayn for your Service ; but withall he is poore, and hath a Wife in Eng-
land, whom he wold be glad might have fome Reliefe. Som.e Curtefies he hath
Kad from me, but my State is not able to fiaftain his Necefllty. He is now going
to Bruxelles, fent by the Bifliop of Tar is, but doth retorn within 20 Days. I

have

Book IV. Mr.Wiii'^ooDsNegotiatwiinVrancQ. 311

have praicd him to be informed of thcfc gcncrall Hcadcs. Yf there be any thing
intended from thole parts againfl: England-, ether Jl'peratly from thence, or
with the JJfiftance of Scotland. What Supplies are intended for Ireland. The
Strength of the Archduke in Men and Money. Who mod doth govern his Coun-
laills both for Warr and Peace. Wiiat Somes of Mony arc expedted from Spayne.
The Preparations in Sj^ayne for Souldiers and Shipping, and in what Porte the
Shippcs do nowc ryde.

Here hath ben lately in this Town an Engltjh Gentleman, co\\q^ Thomas Har-
rljouy he came over at the time of the Treaty with Mr. Secretary Harbert, and
fence he hath lived with the Bifliop oi Bologn\ who hath by his means, enter-
tained our young Englijh Gentleman with extraordinary keindnefs ; as he pre-
tcndeth, for Love to our Nation, hnt of pttrpofe, to fj^ye out fome Intelligence
of the State of England, whereby he doth affedt very ambitioufly to do the Kinge
fom Service. This Harrifon hath cad out fedltious znd fcandalons Speeches z.~
mongft our Gentlemen here, of better Sort: That wc lliortly fliall have in Eng-
land Liberty of Confcience : And that Jlrbella fliould be married in the Honfe
of Auftria. That he had knowcn Soms of Mony by 5'oooo Duckats at a time,
to come into England, to procure the Teace between England and Spayne.
That the late Earle was difgraced for his Ajfeciion to their King-, and (b wifli-
ed them to adverrife. I fliould be tedious to wryte ail his Follies, which I have
heretofore forborne to doe, uppon Attendance of Sir Henry Nevill's retorne
from Bologn, where now he is. I hear he doth purpofe to goe to Bruxelles^
which is not unlikely, for at Bologn he only converfed with Spaniards; the
CommifTioners may remember him. Here within thefe two Days, was appre-
hended one for an Attempt agaynfl the King's Perfon. And fb, ^c.

Tour Honor' Si 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr, Winwood to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.

l^ight Honorable, Taris, x'^ April 1601. O. S.

UPON Mtinday Morning, the Day after I receaved your Honor's Letters, An. i6oi,
I repayred to the King's Lodgyng ; who being informed by Monlieur de
Villeroy, that I had Letters to prefent unto him from her Majeftie, commaunded
me to attend until! his comming forth of his Bed-Chamber. As fbon as he came
forth, I prefented fyrft unto him thofe Letters wherein my Credence was com-
prehended; fliewing how gratefully her Majeftie did accept the Gratulation,
which by his Letters flie lately had receaved. I thought yt good fyrft to dely ver
thole, though they were of a freilier Date, that I rayght after with more aftu-
rance follow that poynt which her Majeftie in the former had urged with fo ma-
ny lively reafons ; which when he had read, I dely vered th' other, which I ob-
lerved he perufed over leyfiirly and confideratly. He then enquyring of our Jat-
eft Occurrents, ' ' I related to him the late Execution of the two Knights, from
" poynt to poynt, particularly what was contayned in Sir Chrijiopher Bhmfs
*' ConfefTion; whereby I made it appeare, (as the King did acknowledge) that
" though the late Earle did preach unto his Complices, never to undertake any
" Matter again ft her Maje flies Terfon, yet how uncompatible her Majefties
" Safety and Lyfe was with the vaftnefs of his T>e feigns-., which as now yt
" did probably appear, did ayme at nought els then the Confufion of her Ma-
" jefties State, and Vfurpation of her Crown and Scepter ". The King refted
fully fatisfyed with the Relation which I made, faying, " that this was more
" then before he had heard, or eafily could beleeve : But I fee (fays he) that
" when the Mynd is once poffejfed with difloy a I Ambition, yt acknowledgeth
" no more refpeci ofTiuty, nor Bounds of Modefty.

After

5 1 2 Mr.WmviooDs Negotiation ^France. Book IV.

After fome paufe I began to fay, " that her Majeflies purpofe was, that he
fliould have receaved thofe Letters which laftly I dely vered, by the hands oi
her AmbafTador ; who though he could have followed her purpofe therein
' with more Authority, and Strength of Reafon, yet her Pleafure was they
" iliould be dely vered, being afTured that the Juftnefs of her reafonable Demaunds
' would prevayle with him, without Violence of more Perfwafion. Only yt
' ' might pleafe him to remember the Greatnefs of her manifold Favour s-^ in a
' ' lyme when it did much concern the EJtablijhment . of his State., when all o-
' ' ther his Allyes, nether had power nor Will to fiipport his Neceffities, To
•' conjider her Tatience, never fo much as to put him in Mynd of Satisfa^ion^
" untill after lb long and dead Silence, ftie had caufe to fulped: her felf to be for-
" gotten. Now when flie doth demaund it, it is in a time when his State is not
" only fettled^ but hath been re^ofedin ajfured 'Peace; when contrary wife /??^r
' ' State is both entangled with a dangerous Rebellion in her own- kingdoms,
" and lubje6t likewife to an aBual War with a potent Enemy; whereby (which
" I faid was corifiderable in his State) he did not only purchafe his point at a
" better hand, but did maintayne it with more Security. I urged likewife a
" Snfpicion of an Invafion from S^zyn^, fliewing already the great Preparations
" there both by Sea and Land; which he utterly denyed, and ajfured, that our
' ' State, in this, was more fear full then there was Caufe. I added only this,
' ' which I faid I would be bold to fpeak out of my particular Duty to him, that
' ' I was afTured, that at luch time as her Majeflie fliould fend her AmbafTador
" (which in Congruity could not be long) he fliould be fo much prefTed for Satis-
" faction, that I thought he could not have Power longer to refufe them : That
*' yt would be more agreeable for his Honor, to prevent their camming with
" fome convenient Sommes; which though yt were lefs, yet would yt be more
*' acceptable, when her Majeftie jhould perceave, that it did rather proceed
" from his gratefull kindnefs, then the Importunity of her Inftance. He pro-
" tefted much of his acknowledgment of the infinite Benefits he had received
*' from her Majeftie, and how ready he would be upon all occafions, by Effe(Sts
*' to fliew his Love and AfFedion to her; and how much it greived him, that in
" that particular he could not give her the Contentment fhe defyred, the mea-
" fure of his means not fuiting to the forwardnefs of his Defires. When I urged
that the means could not be wanting to find Satisfaction for the prelent, he wil-
" led me to have Patience, and faid he would advife for my Difpatch.

The lame Day before Dinner, I dely vered likewife her Majeflies Letter to the
Queen, with this Form in her own Language: " That her Majeftie by thofe Let-
" ters, did preknt unto her her kyndeft Love and afTured Affed:ion. That fhe
" would be lory to be yet to congratulate her happy Marriadge and long defired
" Arrival! into France, yf the late mifadventures of her State, did not alleadge
" forherajuft, tho' an ungratefull and unpleafing Excufe. That to her Patience,
" yt would pleale her to add the forbearance of a few days, in which flie would
" lend a princip,il Perfonage of her Kingdom, whofe Prefence fliould make
" Fayth of that true Intelligence which fhe did defygne to hold with her. In
" the mean while I did afTure, that her Majeflies wifli could never be wanting,
" that as God had given her the Honour to be a happy Wife, fo he would fend
" her the Comfort to be a joyful Mother; that the Lillyes of the Crown, which
*' have fblong been Mailed with thofe home-borne Storms, might fynde in her
" Iflue a glorious and flourifhing Repofe. To all this fhe anfwered no more,
" then that foe thanked her Majeftie for her Curtefie, andme for my payns".
It hath long ben beleeved that flie is with Chyld, and fo it continueth ; but fb
much altered flie is, in favour and fafhion, di mail in poggio, that flie may
well wryce for her Device, forr/ia bomim fragile.

The Duke of Bouillon returned to this Court the lafl: Week. " I prefently in*
*• formed him of all Particulars that then were, of this unworthy Earle ; and fence,
" what this late Confeflion io pregnantly doth prove againfl him ". He had un-
doubtedly, before I fpoke with him, heard the Opinion of this Court about the

Earle,

Book IV. Mr.Wii^v/ooDsNegotiationmlrSincQ. 3 1 3

Earlc, and that he fhould be Partaker with him in his Fad:. Whereupon he fayd, y^,-/, i6oi.

" That heconfcffed he loved the late Earlc as his ownBrothcr, and that he might .x"^/^--^

" have fcrvcd himfclf of his Blood, fo long as he remayncd in dutifuU Obedience

" to her Majcrtic; but proteftcd before God, as he hoped to have place in crcr-

" nail Bli/Tc, he was fo far from being privy to any ilich Dcfignc of him, that he

" never fiilpcdcd i'o much Malice in him, lb fhamefuily to forgett his Duty to

" his Soveraigne. For, faid he, my Opinion is, and ever hath been, t/jat the

" Subje^ fl}Ould not attempt againfi his Trine e, not only not ngainji his 'Per-

" /on a7id Lyfc, but not againfi the Freedom and Liberty of his JVilL and

" Turpofe. He protefted moreover, that fince his firft going into Ireland^ he

*' never nether heard from him, nor ever fent to him, by Letter orMeffage ; and

" wifhed, that theCounfel which he offered him might have had Credit with

" him; and then, faid he, he jhould never have f alien into thofe dejperate and

" difloyall Courfes. He told me moreover, that fmce he returned, he hath bcnn

*' informed, that itt'Eiiy^ind. it was refolved to change the Religion, which noisj

" for many Tears her Majefiie fo happily and glorioiifly had mayiitayned. The

" Ablurdity whereof when I began to confute ; ne faid, he Ipake it, not that he did

" believe it, for he knew too well her Majeftie's Refolution, and the Wifdora of

" her Counlaill ; But you fee-, fays he, how they play their parts on all hands,

" to di finite the Affections of the Religion.

It may pleafe your Honor to command me to delyver him fbme Meflage,
whereby he may take notice of what he hath advertized. It will be a means to
retayne him in good Devotion toward her Majeftie, whereof her Myniflers in
this Place may make good ufe for her Service. " I have alfo been with Mon-
" fieur de Villeroy, and recommended to him the Entertaynment of this Amity;
•' and fo in generall prayed, that if by his Advertizements from Spayne he Ihould
" underftand that any Defeign was intended againfi her Majeftie's State, yc
" would pleafe him to give notice ; which willingly he did promife, that Mon-
" fieur de Boifijfe iliould inform her Majefiie. I did particularly alfo difcourfe,
" firft for fome Reimbourlment for her Majeflie's Debt, then for the eftabliihing
" of out Merchants Trade; which I ihewed by the Rigour of the late Arreft was
" Utterly extinguilhed, and our Merchants upon the poync to retyre from Roi'ten.
" To the firfl he fayd, I knew that yt was not proper to his Charge. But I re-
" plyed, I knew well that it did appertayne to his Province, to advife the Kinge
" what did concern his Honors and to give Contentment to his Allyes of that
*' Merit which her Majefiie was; and that before his Retourn I had io treated
*' with the Kinge^ as that hepromifed to advife of it, which I did interpret, to
" be when hefhould retourn. To the fecond he faid, that the Ordinance was
" only to defend our Merchants from fome deceytfull Trade. But I ihewed him
" the Irregularity oi xht Arreft, and the Impombillity of the Limitation ; and

the Rigour, in not diflinguifliing between the Termes oi vicious and defeBive.

Yet he would needs perfwade me, (which before I had not heard) that the
" Lords of our Counfell, uponMonfieur de Boifffe's Reafons, did approve and
" juflify the Arrefi. From thence he broke out into a bitter Exclamation, a-
" gaynfl the Juflice of England in Maritime Caufes, for the Redrefs of Violences
" by Sea; which not being punifhed, did encourage others in the fame Offence ;
'• which were fo intoUerable, that he laid, were yt not for the particular AfFe-
" d:ion which the Kinge doth owe to the Queen, he was not in Honor to en-
" dure it. I anfwered, that I had not heard of any late Wrongs, and for thofe
'• which heretofore have ben committed, their People, of myne own Knowledge,
" have received fo good Juflice, that I could wifh her Majeftie's Subjeds that
" have been wronged here, might be repay ed with like Meafure.

I underfland that the Scotttfh here have a Jealoufy, that their Kinge hath a
purpofe, to remove the Government of the young Prince his Son, into the Earle
of /Ts^^/^'s Hands. And for this Caufe, he hath at one time imployed out of his
Realm the Earle of Mar into England., and the Duke of Len-ox into France ;
who iSj as they fay, on his way, to congratulate this Marriage.

LUi ' This

c<

314 Mr.WmwooDs Negotiation in France. Book IV.

j^u. 1601. This Day at Nojlredame^ was celebrated the Obfequies for the late Queen
'Blanche-, and the King and Queen both fet forward to Fountaynbleau. And

fo, ^c.

Tour Honor' s., Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr, Winwood to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.
Right Honorable., 'Paris 10^^ A;pr ilk \6oo. OS,

^ I ^HE King departing from hence upon the lafl Speech I had with him to
1 Fountainbleau, as I then advertized, and with him Monfieur de Villeroji
(thoughe he prefently returned, and fence hath been retyred at his Houfe at
Couflans, this Weeke being wholly confecrated to Devotion,) I have had no con-
venient means to procure Anfwere of what I lafl negotiated ; holding y t better
to attend untill after the Feaft, then to importune, in an unfeafonable time, their
Refolution in ib unpleafing a Subjed:. For nothing founds Jo ill in the Ears of
this Courti as the Repayment of their T)ebts, and the returne of thofe good
Offices, which they have receaved from their Allyes and Neighbour 'Princes.

The King with the Queen doth keepe his Eajier at Orleans, whether in De-
votion he is gone to gaine a Pardon, the Pope having thither transferred the Ju-
bilee ; which he promyfeth in all Poynts lliall be availlable, as that which the
Yeare part was obferved at Rome. Before the Holydays we look for his Return
to this Town, whether his Guards are already come from Fountaynbleau.

Here is a Speche of one Monfieur Beaumont to iucceed Monfieur de Boijiffc'^
he is Sonne to the premier Trefident of the Parlament here, a Man T>el Effee,
and one that was fent to her Majeftie from the King, at fuch time as he befeiged
Amiens. It is not yet refolved, but he acknowledgeth he hath been follicited by
his Friends not to refufe fo honorable a Charge.

Though the Kinge fome time fince hath been pofTefled of the Countrie of
Breffe, and of the Caftle of Bourg, yet Monfieur Lefdiguieres makerh no hafte
to render the Fort of Montmelian to the Duke of Savoy ; delyring fyrfl to be fa-
tisfyedof the Somm of 40000 Ducats, which fince the lafl Warrs, for the Ran-
Ibm of certaine Prif oners which he delyvered upon his Word, the Duke doth owe
him : which Somme, the King doth permitt him to levie upon the Country of
Savoy, before the Duke fliall re-enter into Pofleffion. They are likewife defy-
rous to fee what fliall becom of this great Army, which the Duke of Savoy and
the Count Fuentes doth flill keep on foot in Lombardie, The Venetians havd
lately fent to Monfieur Vaudemont the fecond Sonne oi Lor rain, who is their
Lieutenant of their Forces Oltromontane, to be in a Readinefs whenfoever they
ihall call him. AuguJIino di Hirrero Chancellier oiGaunt, who pafl"ed this laft
Week by this Town into Flaunders from Spayne, doth confirm that the Queen
there is with Child. Whereupon fome here dilcourfe, that the Archduke and Li-
fanta feeing themfelves fallen from the Hope of the Succefiion of that Crown,
yf the States would fliew themfelves conformable to any honorable Accord, they
would eafily be perfwaded to chafe the Spaniards from, out their Dominions,
difunite themfelves from the Crown of Spayne, and renew the ancient Alliances,
which in former time the Houfe oi Burgundy fo happilie did hold. Nether would
it be a matter of great difficulty to perlwade the Duke of Savoy, upon the fame
Reafon, his Children being the next Pretenders, to undertake for the Dutchey
o^ Milan. In which Caufe he fliould find fom goodAfilflance from this ReaJme,
and perhaps might prevail; but that the other Princes of Italy, who know the
Violence of his unquiet Spirit, would oppofe themfelves to his Deleigns, as both
envying and fearing his Greatnefs.

The Kinge here hath aflured the Agent of the States, that the Treaty between
her Majeftie and Spayne is dead, and not hkely to be revived. Partly becaufe

thele

i3ook IV. Mr yN i-tiw^oo-D s Negotiation //^France. 3 1 5

thcfc Troubles at home will not give leifurc to attend to any forrcignc Matters ; j^n. i6ox.
partly hecanfi your Honor will not further dealc inyt, to avoyde the Slander
ivhich the late Earle did affefl to derive upon you. But ihey have been told ,
that the Rcafbns which induced her Majcflie to hearken to tlie iaft Motives, were
not founded upon i'o weakc Grounds ; that when occafion Ihould lerve to follow
them, you would not ponere rtimores ante falutem. Under your Honor's Fa-
vour, I will preli-iinc to fay thus much by the way, that there is no Foundation
to be ynade upon the Amitie of this Nation, efpecially on the Terms we now
fund with thcm\ witnels both the fmall Relpeft which is born to her Majeftie
for the Rcimburlment of her Mony, and the ill Treatment of her Merchants, as
well by the Grccvances of many heavie Impofitions, as by the Rigour of rhofe
hzc Edidts. Which do not only abridge, but by confequcncc banifli out of their
Country, and utterly take away, the free Intercourfe of our Englijh Commodi-
ties and Trade. Your Honor may be pleafed to confider, whether it would not
be convenient (at Inch tyme as her Majeftie fliall fend her Ambafladors hether
to congratulate this Marriage, and to refidc here,) to have the Treaties which
we hold with this Crown to he renewed, namely ih^xoi B lays; whereby a uni-
verlall Reglement may be eflabliflied for reviving of our Trade, Order taken for
annuall Payment of her Majeftie's Debt untill the Debt be difcharged, and Pro-
vifion made in all Cafes Marytyme, and Wrongs by Sea that hereafter lliall hap-
pen : For of thofe that are paft, (raoft of them being of an ancient Date) in my
poor Opinion, a gener all Amneftie of both parts^ will be the lurefl and mod fum-
cient Remedie.

By Letters from Spayne yt is advertized, that of the Fleet which lately parted
from Lisbon toward the Indies, 14 of the befl Ships are loft by Tempeft, and
3000 Men, between Marriners, Merchants, and PafTengers ; ^ndi horn Flanders
they Jay, that the Archduke hath contented all his Mutineers, and paid all his
Garrifons lb royally, that he hath advanced their Pay for two Moneths, Their
Rendezvous for the time was the 15'* of this Moneth by their Stile, and his Pur-
pofe is to befege Of end.

Spinola, to thofe Gallies which now he hath, doth attend eight raore, which
fome fay, are by this tyme, readie to fet forward. Sir fVilliam Stanley is to re-
turne out of Spayne, and hopes to have an Imployment in Ireland. Here is a
Bruite which cloiely and fecretly pafleth, That the Archduke either hath lately
fent, or Jhortly is to fend, certaine Sumes of Money to be diftributed to the Ca-
tholiques o/" England. I geve the lefs Credit unto yt, both becaule yt is not pro-
bable that the Archduke hath fuch Store, having fo lately imployed fo much ;
and yf he had, yet he knows how to beftow yt to bettet purpofe ; yet this Re-
port, is here by fome, averred and beleeved.

This is all this tyme doth afford; for I will not put down the monflrous Ac-
cident which happened in this Town, of a Cordelier Fry er found to be with Child;
who being as they fay a Ermaphrodite, by the Afliftance of One of his Compa™
iiyons, hath made Proofe quis Sexus in ea efi fotentior. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor' s,, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD,

Mr. Wimvood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll,

Right Honorable^ Taris zo^Apr.i6oi. Q.S.

YT may pleafe your Honor to underftand, that Monfieur de Rohan, or fom
one of his People to whom he committeth the Cuftody of Jiis Papers, mak-
ing no Dainty to divulgat this French libellous Letter; amongft others, it eame
into the Hands of one du Tlomb a Rocheller, a Man de robbe longe \ who did
eommunicat yt to (128) the States Agent, as written from Monfieur de Boijijfe j

^ ^ from

5 1 6 Mr.WinwooDS Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1601. from whom I acknovvledg (tho' onl^ to your Honor) to have receaved it in the
fame Termes. The Signatevxr did lecm to advow the fame, and many Circum-
ftances did augment the Sufpicion. The Date likewife did prove much, which
being of the 4* oi March, the Day after (being Shrofue-Munday, according to
this Stile) the Ambaflador difpatcht one laMotte with Letters to the Kinge ; who
comming hether the Saturday after, I cannot fay he brought Letters to Mon-
fieur de Rohan, but I Was with the King in his Chamber, when Monfieur de Ro-
han did prefent him unto him. I entreated (ii8) the Agent (any Man being
more proper for that purpos then my felf ) to take fom Care and Paines to found
the Cenfure and Humor of this Court. Who fom few Days after, taking occa-
fion to Vifit Monfieur de Mejfe, he difcourfmg of the Troubles o^ England, him-
felf fell into mention of this Letter, and faid, that he knew that his Brother-in-
law was too wife to write in fuch manner, but perhapps his Sonn might do it.
And when it was replyed, that then his Brother was wronged to have the Letter
figned with his Name ; he anfwered, That the Father and Son both did figne alike.
I now am humbly to beleech your Honor, that (ix8) the States Agenfs Name
may not be ufed.nor revealled in this Caufe ; not only becaufe I have engaged
my Credite and Honeftie therein ; but becaufe the confident Intelligence which is
between the Miniilers of Princes and States, is the moft afTured means we have
to dilcover the fecret Defeigns of this Court, and the inward Affed:ions and In-
tentions of the King; which once broken by Falihood, or Indifctetion of Carri-
age, we fliall remaine both hatefull to our Friends, and ridiculous in this Court,
and for ever unprofitable for future Service. Monfieur de la Fountazne, who
lliortly will be ready for hisRetorne, will be abell particularly to clear this Point,
though he wold be loath to be ieen in it ; for he hath feen, as he taketh it, the very
Original, in the Hands oi ontTuillerle, one of the Maijires d'HoJlel to the King.
The Opinion he hath of the Father's Wifdom, doth interpret it rather to come
from the Sonn ; wherein his Profeffion doth make him more charitable then the
Friends of Monfieur de Boijijfe do lliew themfelves towards him; for Monfieur
de Mejfe, two feverall times in full Afilembly of Counfaill, did plainly fay, that
la Fountaine was embarqued in the A^ioUi and to fave him felf was retired in^
to France.

I have had at no time Talk with any of the Kings's Counfaill (before the Re^
ceipt of your Honor's lail:) of this matter. For finding both the King with the
Body of his Court, ^ojfejfed with an Admiration of the Magnanimity of herMa-
jejiie's Refolittion, wijhing that the laft King had had but parte of her Spirit^
to have quelled the Infolencies of the 'T)uke <?/"Guife in his Attempt of the Bar-
ricadoes ; and faying many times in the Prefence of his Nobles, That jhe only is
a King, and Jhe only knowes to rule; and all ^o perfwaded of the Honor of heir
Proceeding, that Reafon of State, the Tiignity of her Crown, the Repofe and
Weale of her Subjects did require that Courfe which had been taken, and ad-
fyiit no Mean : I prefumed, that fo impudent and cahimnious a Faljhood wold
dye fmothefd in the Ordure of its own Shame, which by Complaints wold be
maintained in Life, and flir up Envy in the Humours of many to recover the
Copies, which before did never vouchfafe to barken after them.

Upon Saterday laft I went to Monfieur de Villeroy, to receave the King's An-
fwear to her Majeftie's Letter, which he faith flie fhall receave by their Ambafla-
dor. I was then defirous to fee what had been advertifed in this matter ; and
laied, " that fom one envying the good Reputation that Mon/ieur de Boififfe
" had gained in her Majeftie's Judgment, had divulgated in his Name a malicious
" Letter, depraving much the State of her Government, and the Honor of her
" Nobiiiiry. He prefently took the Word out of my Mouth, and faid it was a
" Falfety, and an Artifice invented by thofe who were aggreeved at the good In-
" telligence between her Majeftie and the King. For Monfieur de BoijFfe, he
" knew him to be both wife and honeft, and that nether he nor his Son had
*' ever written to Monfieur de Rohan. I anfwered, that I was neither to accufe
" Monfieur de Boififfe, nor to enforce ajiy thing to his Prejudice; of whofe In-

'• regrity

Book IV. Jlfr.WiNwoooV Negotiation ^France. 3 \ 7

" tcgrity her Majcftic was well pcrfwadcd, and her Couiifaill afTurcd of his Wif- An. i6of.
** dom ; yet they thought good to cntbrm him of the Wrong that was don him;
" and for his Honor's iake wold be glad, that the Author of [o great Villanie
" might be difcovercd. He faid, tliat yf her Majcftic did fulpcd: him, hcfliould
•' write openly the contrary to that which was contained in the Letter; and of-
" fcred mc to fee the Dil'patches which he had written fincc the beginning of the
" Troubles". This is the fume of what he laid, whereby, by that I could ga-
ther, /je was not more -jvillhig to disburtben Monficnr dc BoinfTe of this Sufpi-
cton^ then to cajl the Imputation upon fome of the Religion. Monfieur de Ro-
han is gou into Bajfe Britaine. The Letter I have delivered to his Man here
to fend unto him, whom he left for thofc Purpofes to receive and convay his
Letters.

The King upon Thiirfday retorned from the Jnhilee at Or leans to (x^^rlueldirlj
his Myjires here, with whom he dined at Gondye''i, Houfe on F^-jday, accompa-
nied at the lame Table with Count SoyJJbns.) de Maine, his two Sons, Joynville,
Duke de Bouillon, Zamet, and fome others. I prefentcd my felf towards hira
after Dinner, but found he was not willing to talk with me, and fo I retired.
He is gon to Fountainbleau to the Queen, but fliortly doth rerorn ; and fo doth
revive the Voyage into Ticardy, to iee the Frontier Towns as far as Calais ;
from whence the Dukes Montpenfier and Nevers, do pif^pofc, as they fay, to
pals into England, to fee her Majeftie and her Court.

I have delivered to the Duke of Bouillon, the Meflage her Majeftie hath com-
maunded. " Who doth humbly kifs her Royall Hands for the Honor he doth re-
" ceave fo highly to be efteemed in her Princely Favour; protefting his Endea-
*' vour fliall ever make Proof, how earneftly he doth affedt to defearve the gra-
*' cious Opinion yt hath pleafed her Majeftie to conceave of him. He added,
' ' that as he was lorry, the faid Earle ihouid enter into fuch difloyall Practices ;
*' fo now did he receaye as great Comfort, that her Majeftie was fecured, and
" her State repoled, by the happy Refolution of abridging his Days. The Honor
" of her Government had fhined fo glorioufly throughout the World, that the
*' Malice of Envie had no Power to obfcure it with the Shadow of any Difgrace,
*' And this laft Aftion, faid he, hath fo ben tempered with the Moderation of
" Juftice and Mercy, as yf any be fo malicious not to commend it, none can be
" fo void of1)nderJianding not to approve it''' Then he told me, that on
Fryday Morning laft, the King made mention of the Letters which lately he re-
ceaved from her Majeftie, whereof faid he to the Duke, one of them is in a
manner nothing elfe but Complaints andGreavances agairiji you. The Duke an-
fwered, the ^leen f?/" England had juji Reafon to be offended with him, for at
fuch time, laid he, as I did negotiate with her for your Majeftie, (the Good
whereof your State and SubjeBs do now feel,) I engaged myne Honor for many
things, whereof not one yet hath ben obferved. The King made no RepUe, but
entered into Speech with the Marflial d'Ornano who only was prefent. But the
King was taken in his own Subtiltie; for being with the Duke but two Days be-
fore, he aiking me in what Forwardnefs our Treaty was with Spaine; I anfwer-
ed, that by reafon of thefe late Troubles, there was fome Intermiffion in thePro-
fecution of it, but my particular Opinion was, y t wold be entertained ; and the
fmale Refpe£i that her Majeftie did receave here, and the 7io Satis fadiion for
her Reimbourfinent, wold advife her, Jince Jhe had reafon to make doubt of the
Affurance of her Friends ; as jhe might with Honor, to lejfen the Nomber of her
Enemies. He faid, he had heard that her Majeftie had written to the King, and
prefted with fom Inftance for Repaiement. I anfwered flie had, and wold pre-
fume to impart unto his Sight the Copie of her Letter j which I did accordingly.

The Queen's Anfwer willfeem lefs ftrange, yf her Majeftie will be pleafed to
confider, that though from the Place from whence flie was born, ihe now is be-
come Queen of France, yet Caelum non animum-, nether hath Nature made the
World at once worthey to bear more then one Phoenix. Upon the Delivery of
the Letter I advertized her Secretary, who promifed to follicite for Anf\ver. Sence

M m m m I hav©

3 ( 8 Afr. Wn^wboD ^ Negotiation in France. Book iV.

An. i6ot. i have riot heard from him, and therefore thought (as the Fafliion is here,) that
J the Arif\vear had ben fent to their Ambaflador.

For our Marchant's Bufynefs, we now are in a Courfe to reverfe the Arreft by-
Order of Law ; wherein we are well advanced^ and put in hope to prevaill, yf we
may find but indifferent meafure of Juftice. The King hath receaved Advertize-
ment, oftwo Enteiprizes that the Duke oi Savoy hath intended, fence the Con-
clufion of the Peace; the.one againji hisTerfon^ the other agatnft the Town of
Marfeilles ; where it was once thought good to entertaine the TraEiice^ but
(T)ijiritft) Monfieur de Vilkroy did otherwife advife ; alleadging, that thereby
the King mufl by Neceflity be forced to enter into a frefh Warr. Notwithftand-
ing Montmelian was rendered unto the Duke the ix* of this Month, Count
Fuentes hath drawn 50 Pieces of Canon out of the Caftell gI Milan. He is cheef
of the Army, which confifteth of 26000 Foot and 3000 Horfe. The Venetians
do arm ftrongly, and likewife the Grand "Duke ; but the King is advertized from
Rome., Venice^ and Zurich-, that the Storm will fall upon the poor City of Ge-
neva. He doth ^romi/e with many Trotefiations never to abandon them, and io
he faith he hath written to the Tope:, Spaine, and Savoje ; but it is feared he
loves his Eafe and Turfe too well., to undertake a Warr for a Huguenot Towne.
I moll humbly thank your Honor for your carefull Remembrance of my Pro-
vifion. Sir Henry IS^ville by his Letters doth promis Satisfadtion untill my re-
torn from Lyons to Tarts., which was the 11* oi January, and from the begin-
ning oi February VlVlX-O the x"* o'l April:, {o that from the 11.^ of January untill the
end of thatMoneth, my Provifion is defalcated. I befeech your Honor to have a
favourable Confideration of me : The Som is not great, yet the Lofs great to me.
The Charge of Diet is not all in this Service; neither did I find a Difference be-
nveen my Paines at Taris, and ray Paines at Lyons. This which herewith your
Honor fhall receave, I receaved from (Toverty) Colvel, at his Retorn from
Bruxells: Andfo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Air. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

Sir, 11^' u^pril 160I.

THOUGH in my laft Difpatch I dyd advertile you of thole things which
were convenient, yet I cannot let this yong Gentleman pafTe by you.
Without recommendation of him in luch Occafions as he may have neede of you,
himfelf being yong, and a Stranger in the Countre. He is Sonne to Sir Thomas
Af^^^t Gore and to my Lady Marquijfe, of her Majefty's privy Chamber. In which

^ C(5nt]deration, though for himfelf I bear him good relped: ; yet I mufl add this to

you in particuler, (for which I know he fliall not fare the worfe,) that he and my
Children, by their Mother, are neere of Blood; fo as I cannot but take great Care
of him, and think my felf beholding to thofe that do fo. We have here for the
prefent no News of late, laving, that England was never quieter, nor a Trine e
more admired then the^teen is, for her Clemency, which hath fo well feconded
her Juftice: My felf being perfwaded, that as many have died as ihall doe for
this Treafon. Out of Ireland, we have dayly News of great Succels from the
deputy. To which Warr when her Majeftie ihall have given an end, Jhe may
thank only God and her owne Meanes; for Jhe is f> far from having receaved
the leaft help from any other Trince in Europe, as you do fee jhe is abfolutely
denyed her due. Thus for the prefent having little more to trouble you, I com-
mit you to God.

Tour loving Friend
From the Court at
Whitehall, &c. RO. CECYLL,

Mr, John

Book IV. Mr.Wiii\vooDs Negotiatmi i?i7rancQ.

Mr. John Packer to Mt\ Winwood.

iWr. Winwood, London., xy"-^ A^rill i6oi .

SINCE the Departure of i?tfw^;/<7, by whom I advertifed you of your own
Bufincfs, I have nether had much Matter nor Commodity to write ; yet I
purpofed, if at Baker's going lad over I had not fpent all that Day at the Court
untill darke night, to have fignified unto you, in what Danger of Death our good
Lady was at that tyme; who, though given over by all Phyfitians, and held by
all others for one of a more happie World, hath very miraculoufly, contrary both
to all Men's Opinion, and her owne Defire in that Extremitie, efcaped that ex-
treme Perill, and is I thanke God yet referved, to the Comfort of thofe, who
were already in Sorrow and Lamentation through the Apprehenfion of fo great
a LofTe, Yet is Ihe very weak and amendeth but flowly, not able to ftirre out of
her Bedd ; only we all hope, that in tyme, her perfed: Recovery will follow fo mer-
veillous a Deliverance. I cannot yet write that which we both defire, but hope,
that by the next I Ihall better latisfie you. In the meane ryme, my Maftet wifli-
eth you not to account of your Stay in France untill his Difcharge; for that you
are now there in a more perfed Nature, and therefore he would not have you
think fo eagerly of your returne. He deflreth to fee the Accornpt which he hath
long expedted, that he may know what further Courfe to take for you. Yf the
Remnant of the Sale of his Stuff will not fuffice for payment of you, he will ei-
ther make you over what remayneth by Mr. Willajion, or deliver it here to
Mr. Series as you lliall think beft. And feeing all the advance of your Allowance
is already run out, I will crave his Diredion for the foUiciting of Mr. Secretary
againe in that point.

We imagine here, that the Fruit of your Cordelier will he a yong Antichrijl.
I did never make Queftion, but that you would finde that apifli Difcommoditie ia
your Lodging, which in one Sort you could hardly have avoyded in all Taris ;
but when the Matter of the Englijh Ape is your Harbinger, you fliall be better
lodged then you are now, or then we were both at Moret and other Places.

Now to acquaint you with our News ; the Earle oi 'Darby, and Lord Burleigh,
are made this Feaft, Knights of the Order. On Thurfday next Mxs.Carew the
Mayd of Honor, is to be married to one Mr. Love II. There are looo Men to
be fent Ipeedily to Lough Foyle., with which Sir Henry'Docwra hath undertaken
to do fo good Service, that he hopeth it Ihall be the lafl Levy her Majeftie Ihall
heed to make. And fo defiring you to excufe my haft, and to recommend me to
Monfieur du Vallier when you lee him, I leave you to your honorable Charge^
From the Signet Chamber, ^c.

Tour a£ured Freind to Command^

JOHN PACKER.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, " ' Taris, %y'^ A^rilli6oi. O.S.

SENCE my laft to your Honor, being every day put in hope to fee the Let-
ter which the Prehdent de Thou had in his Handes, which was faid to be
the Originall, as iu the Poftfcript of rriy laft I advertized, and yet put off from day
to day, I went my felf at length unto him ; the rather, becaule it is receaved,
that he hath a purpole, to make an univerfall Stoarie of theie later and prefent
times. I faid, that I had underftood, that fuch a Letter was fallen into his Hands,
I praied him, for the Authority which he did bear in this Seat of Juftice, for the
Duty which he did owe unto his King, whofe Ambaltador's Honneur was intereft-
ed therein, for his Love to the Truth, and the Hatred that every good Man

ought

320 Mr.WiawooD s Negotiation inVrancQ, fiooklV.

^n. 1601. out>ht to bear to all fuch outragious Infolencies, having fo good Means as he had,
knowing from whence he firH receaved it, to difcover the Author ; whereby he
ihould do a great Service to the King, a frindly Duety to Monfieur eie Botfiffe^
and an acceptable Office to her Majeftie. He wold acknowledge no more, then
that he had feen a Copie of fuch a Letter, which for the long Experience he hath
had of Monfieur de Boijijfes Wifdom and Honefty, he was afTured did not pro-
ceed from him. He faid it was an eafie Matter, for any Man to addei the Name
of another, to dilguife his own Invention ; an ordinary Pradile here in France^
where the Liberty was aHke both of Pen and Tonge. To difcover the Author
he held it impofTible, and as hard the Publiflier ; but faid he was pgrlwaded it
came out of England, written by fome of the Relligion, and foyfted into the
King's Pacquet. Which to my Underftanding hath no more probability, then on-
ly the Credit of thefe Men, who wold be glad it Ihould be fo beleeved. This was
all I could get from him. I then added, I underftood what mark he had in hand^
and ofFeredto deliver a particular Relation of this late Action, from the firft Dis-
covery of the Treafon. Praying him to be perfwaded, that her Majefite held fo
much more grievous the leafi touch to her Honor ^ then any Violence that could
be intended to her T'erfon \ by howe much more durable the Memory of her Ho-
nor was then the Life of her Terfon , which /he knows to be mortall and to
have end; when the hlonor of her Namejhall live and reign with the Age ofE^
temity. * He accepted my Offer, and confeffed he had projected liich aWorke-
wherein he faid, fo often as occafion fliould be geven to Ipeak of her Majeftie,
though he were' neither her Servant nor her Penfionarie, yet he wold {o fpeake,
with fo much Reverence and Devotion of Duety, not as her worth doth deferve,
but as the Bafenefs of his Pen might arrive to the highrh of fo divine a Subjed:.
This T'refdent is the worthieft Man this Town doth hold^ and fo reputed, both
for his fifficiency of Know ledge ^ and honeft Integrity. He is a favourer of the
Relligion though not profefTed. He hath ever been devoted to her Majefties
Service, and in his yonger Age, as 1 underftand, hath compofed many noble
Poems in admiration of her Vertues.

Upon Saterday, Monfieur deMeJfe did fend to (peak with me. At my comming,
he charged me (but in very kind manner) with thole Words which I did write
to your Honor, that he lliould fpeake of Monfieur de Boijiffe's Sonn; which I
jultifyed word by word, neither did he deny that he had Ipoken them : But
added, that he himfelf had written, when firfl; the Letter was publifhed, to Mon-
fieur de Boifijfe^ to know, whether fbme one of his were not the Author of it.
He faid when firft he heard of it, he accounted it but a laughing Matter ; that here
in France.^ they were bold to borrow one another's Name, without fparing the
Name of publique Perfons or Ambafi^adors, as he by experience had proved, ha-
ving born that Title many Years. He had littell thought it wold fo ill have ben
taken, and fo wiflied I had forborne to have advertized it. I anfwered, that
myne Eyes and Eares had ferved me to little purpos, yf fo fowle a Matter fliouId
have pafled my Knowledge; and myne Underftanding to leffe, if I fliould not
have advertized it. He knew in his Learning what fault it was, and what it did
imply e, Ignorare id quod omnes fciunt. Her Majeftie, I faid, did but only ac-
quaint him with the Wrong that was don him, and commaunded her Councell
to advife with him what Courfe beft might be taken, for difcovering and puniih-
ing the Author. Yf Monfieur de Boifjfe, or his Friend, did not hold his Honor
particularly engaged herein, (which her Majeftie doth hold in no lefs recommenda-
tion then the Protedion of his Safety,) I thought the matter might reft without
fardcr purfuite. As for the Repitation of her Majefies Government, it was
founded upon, the infallible Grounds of JuJIice and Integrity; which could not
be Jhaken., much lef defaced, by the reprochfull S launders of malicious Tongs.
At my Departure from him, he faid, he had fent a Man of purpos to Monfieur de

* If the Reader will give himfelf the trouble to perufe Thuanus's Account of this AfFair, he will find it
to agree exaftly with the Secretary's Letter, and the Account in Mv. Camden, ■ ■ ' ' •'

Rohan

Book IV. Mr.W ii^wooDs Negoiiation /;/ France. 92I

Rohan-, whole rctorn would clear all Di/Ticukics. The Anfwer from IVTonncur de j^^. i6oi.
Rohan will be, that he never receavcd liich Letter, or that he hath loft the Ori-
ginall, and that it was written in ibrae difguilcd Charadcrs; that the publilhingwas
never by his Privity. Or ells, of all thelc Circumftanccs, his Anlwcar will be fo
confulcd, as the Certainty will be no greater, then at the beginning. And to con-
clude, their Defnc is, as it were by conient, to cafl it upon the Religion in gene-
rail, and in particular to father it upon Monfieur de la Fonntaine, and {o I'have
informed him.

The Kingc paflcd this way in Port: upon Ftydaj lafl: to Vernneil, where his
Miflrefs is, and where fincc he hath ben, without other Companye or Trayne.
The Army in Italy doth hold all Men's Difcourfes in fufpcnce : Monfieur Lefdi-
guieres this Week paft did write to the Kinge, that the Nomberdid yet increale.
He doth not belecvc any Siege to be intended to Geneva^ but rather fbme At-
tempt to furprize it; and therefore, hath demaunded leave to put in 12 Captaines,
and fome other Forces. Sence it is written, that the Army ihould be difl~olved,
and part to be fent into Flatmders, and part into Hungary. Which gives occa-
fion of this Difcourfe, that the maintaining of this Army lb long without farther
pourpofe, was but to lecond fom Enterprize intended in France: For fence that
of Marfeilles, whereof I lately advertized, there is another difcovered at Metz^
pra<5tized by Cownx. Mansfield, Governor of the Comnxcy oi Luxemboiirgb',
whereupon there are imprifoned feven of the cheefeft of the Town, befides Ibm
other Captains. Yf that which I fent lately of Mr. Brisket be of purpofe, yf
your Honor fliall fo dire6l me, perhaps it will not be inconvenient to acquaint
Cavalier Vinti the Duke's Secretary, with the Accident, who now is upon his
Returne to Florence.

The Secretary of Florence who doth refide here, hath lately informed me froni
the Duke, of a Spoile committed by i^om^ Engli/h upon his Subje6ts, within 20
Myle from Lyvorno. He hath entreated me to recommend the Caufe to your
Honor. The Duke hath written to Corfini, to inform her Majeftie and the Lords
of the Counfaill of it, and to feek for Satisfadion.

Mr. Harrifon lately returned to this Towne. He brought with him flrange
News, that a Proclamation Jhould Jhort ly be fuhlijhed in England, to declare
the Lady Arbella Heir to the Crown. For fear I Ihould forget, he told me two
feverall tymes, but after a diverfe Falliion ; which argueth the Truth and Judge-
ment of the Reporter. And fo, "iSc

Tenr Honor's, See.

RALPH WINWOOD,

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Taris, 7^^ ]y[ay k^oi. O.S.

IT may pleafe your Honor to remember, that in Ttecember lafl, at the InftancS
of the Lord-Mayor and divers of the Aldermen, the Lords by their LetterSj
did recommend unto Sir Henry Neville, a Caufe here depending between the
Burgeoifes of Roche lie and one Richard Etour, for a Sum of Mony of 14000
Ducats ; which faid Sum by certain Companies of London was lent to the Inha-
bitants of that Town, in the time of their great DiftrelTe, at the Siege ylnnoi^jz.
The Rochellers,hy the Court of Parlement having ben condemed by three leve-
tall Arrefts, to repay the Principal!, the Interefts, and the Charges of the Sute ;
to avoid the Execution, have fiiborned one Martizan d'Hargues of St. Jean de
Luz, by virtue of Letters of Mart which were granted unto him many Years
fmce, to feaze upon the Sum of Money now in their Hands. Whereupon, the
Cognoiflance of the Caufe was brought before the King's Counfaill, who upon
Fryday lafl adjudged this Mony dulye to be detained by d'Hargties, and have
letorned Etour for his Satisfadion into England, unto Sir Robert Crofs and o-

Nnnn thersj

32 2 MrWi^'^ooDs Negotiation in^vance. Book IV.

y^n. i6oi. tliers, by whom de Hargues doth pretend to have ben fpoiled: As by the Arreft
which herewith I fend, will plainly appear unto your Holior. The pretended
Cau/es which moved the Counfaill thus to proceed, are, That this Mony, as
they fay, was lent unto the Rochellers^ to maintame them in their Rebellion a-
gainfi Charles the 9*. Then, that the King's Subjects, wronged by our Nation,
can find no Juftice in England. Which they prove by Monfieur de Boijijfe-, who
incefTantly in his Letters, publique and privat, doth bitterly exclaime for want
thereof, againft the Proceeding of her Majefties Commiflioners. Much to their
Dillionour in particular, and in generall to the State ; wer it in the Powre of his
humerous Paffions to difgrace a Government, which could never have floriflied,
as iiow it doth florifli, with the abundance of God's Graces, if Juftice, the only
Pillar of a well polifhed Stare, Ihould fo much faill, as he doth not forbear to
blaze to the World. Info much, as in all Caufes which here I follow, either direct-
ly for her Majeftie's Service, or for the privat Intereft of any of her Subjedls, be
it wirhi the King himfelf, or any of the Counfaill, yt is held a fufficient Oppofi-
tion to ftop my Mouth, to alleadge the Injuftice of England towards the King's
Subjedts, daily attefled by his Ambaffador's Letters. But the true and effentiall
Caufe of this Proceeding., is, to break the Intelligence which hath ben between
the Religion and her Majejiies State ; otherwiie, an Aflembley of fo many
grave and learned Men, in a Matter of fuch dangerous Confequence, wold not lo
refolutly have proceeded, yf they did not prefuppofe, that this fo ungratefull and
unconfcionable Dealing of the Rochellers, proted:ed and juftifyed by them, wold
for ever (in occafions hereafter) either wholly withdraw her Majefties and her
Subjects AfFeitions, Or at leaft much rebate that forwardnefs which heretofore
hath been flievved, in lending Succors in fo bountiful! a manner.

This Morning I was with the Chancellier. " I told him I came not to debate
*' the Equity of this Sentence, though by his Permiflion I thought it very rigo-
'* rous, and ail Circumftances confidered, Satis pro Imperio. I lliewed that this
" d' Hargues had never Juftice refufed him in England, and therefore his Letters
" of Mart unlawfully to be obtained. That fmce, all Letters of Mart, by con-
•' lent of both Nations, were revoked, and Commiftioners on both Sides appointed
" to determine thofe Complaints; who fliould ftand for Ciphres, yf every Man
*' in this manner, might be his owne Carver. And laftly, that the Letters of
" Mart of this particular Man, were revoked under the Great Seal by the King,
" at the Inftance of Sir Henry Neville, in the Month oijuly at Blois, Anno ^^.
' ' My requeft unto him was, that he wold fufpend the Execution of this Arreft
" but for 40 Dales ; in which time I wold advertize and follicite, that order might
" be taken for the Contentment of all Parties, by fome more peaceable and plea-
*' fmg Treatment, without making this fo violent and open Breach: For I cold
" not I faid in other manner interpret this Proceeding, which I did fear wold en-
" gender much ill blood. He made a long Speech unto me, " juftifying their
" Proceeding in France, and condemning ours of England-., laying, that lately
" they receaved by Letters, that we made but a Mockery of their Subjedls Suites.
" To which I replied, that he that fo enformed them, was tranfported too much
" with his own particular Paffion ; and it feemed, that the Defire he had, for fome
" private Refpeils, de faire le bon Vallet, did make him forget the Quallity of
" his publique Charge, which was by all gracious means to conferve the Amitye
" of thofe Crowns, between whom he did negotiate. As for the Surfeance
" which I did folicite, he faid he wold advife of it; and praying him to affigne
" me a time to retorn, he put me off for four or five Days" ; in which time he
will fend to Monfieur de Villerqy to be adviled, and lb accordingly will give An-
fwer.

Thus your Honor doth fee how by degrees they grow on, and the purpofe
they have to exercife her Majefties Patience. Partly upon prefumption of the
Greatnels of their own Fortunes, partely uppon the Neceffity (as they liippole)
of our Affairs, efpecially for the intercourfe of our Marchant's Trade. So that
howfoever the Tojition in Thilofophie may be trtie, that among f private Men

that

Book IV. Mr. Win WOOD J Negotiation i?i France. 523

that Friendjlnp Is the trncjl which is inter diios; yet in renfon of State, the Al- An. i6or.
liances of Trinccs 1^0 Id not be fo Jlraightncd., but wo Ld admit a more ample En-
largement ctiam inter plurcs. But this violent Cariagc of Monficiir d' Boijijfe up-
on io linall aground, may fcem Aran^c, \\ho fhould in rcalbn defire (being now
upon his lafl quarter) Co leave behind him a plcafing tad, unlefTe perhaps he be
animated from hence; and that, furcharged with the multiplicity of her Maje-
fties licncfitts, they do only now canfam quarerc, ciir ab amico difcedere volnit.

i do not find here any great hope for prelent Reimbouifemeut. Yeflcrday I
was with Monficur de Rhofny, " who doth not acknowledge, that ever the King
" did advifc with him thereof. His Office he faid was to execute the King's Com-
" maundment, not to dircd;. When the King Ihould fo commaund, he wold not
" be backward, in any Oflicc that Ihould be agreeable to the Qiieen of England.
Though likewile, he is thought to have alfb fome dependance from Spaine, having
an Expectation to recover the Principallity of Efpinoy in Artois for his Sonne
in Law, who doth bear that Title ; and the Vicontee of Gaunt., whereof he pre-
tends himfelf to be the Right Hcire.

According to your Honor's Direction, I have fent for two of the principall
Drapers which trade at Rouen-., who have fully enformed the Advocate and the
Reporter, whom we hope to gaigne. We have obtained by Requeft, that the
Hofiers and Marchant-Tailors may viflt fuch Clothes, (whereof two peeces are
brought to this Towne which at Rouen were fequeftered for vicious,) whereby
the Malice of thofe Drapers will clerly be detedted ; and withall, we have fent for
an Attcftation from the Drapers of T>iepe and Caen, to prove, not only the
Loyalty of our Engliih Clothes, but alfo the Neceflity of the Trade, for the good
of the King's Subjedts.

Of this Army in Italy, we hear that it fhould be diflblved ; but that it is, there
is no Certainty. The Ambaflador of Venice did Ihew me Letters of the z;^^ of
the lafl, that it doth daily increafe in Nomber, and that the T^ope did levy iiooo
Men. The Venetians are exceeding Itrong both by Sea and Land. Their two
Ambafladors which do com to congratulate this Marriage, are expedted in this
Town within eight Daies. In the French Contee there is great Preparation made
of Vittaill, but whether it be to refrefh the Army, that is faid Ihall pafs into Flan-
ders ; or to fournifli the Army yf it befiege Geneve, is not knowen ; of which
Siege now much is not Ipoken, yet Monfieur Lefdiguieres hath put into the
Town both Captaines and Soldiars. Madam de Nemottrs, who is Daughter to
Daughter to Renee (Daughter to Lewis the ii* and the Dutchels oi Ferrara,J
bath had a Sentence this Weeke in the Court of Parlement againft the Duke of
Modena, for certaine Lands in this Realm in queftion between them, to the Val-
lew of 30000 Ducats of Rent by the Year, and 700000 Ducats, which this Crown
did owe to the late Duke of Ferrara.

There is Speech of a Treaty between the Emperour and the Turk. The Diett
for the Choice of the King of the Romans, is differed upon the Death of the
BiHiop of Mayence. The King is in Diet at Fontainbleau, which he mull needs
keep mofl exadtly, having {o good a Governefs over him as the Marquife ; to
the largnefs of whofe favour, the ^leen (they being both ballafled alike) for
fear of foul Weather, is forced to fir ike Sayle.

Mr. Gore arrived here upon Sunday laft. The Care I will have for his Good
fliall fhew, that your Honor's Recommendation of him is an abfolute Command-
ment unto me. And io^ ^c.

Tour HomfSi 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOa

Mr, Secre-

524- Mr.'sfJ'inwooDs Negotiation hiTrancQ. Book IV.

A. 1601.

Mr. Secretar<y Cecyll to Mr. Winwooc^.

i/r.Winwood, 9* May i6ot.

i Y your Letters of the ^o''^ and 17* olApr'ill^ her Majeftie perceaveth that
^ " you have very difcreetly carried this matter, wherein I do concurr in Opi-
nion with you, that there will be little gotten by further (lirring in it; although
for myne owne parte (befydes many other Circuniftances) I find none fo preg-
nant to me as this, that they would fix it fo abfurdly, upon fo reverend a Perfon
as Monfieur de la Fonntaine. The French Ambalfador hath had Audience of
the Queen the laft Daye; to whome the Queen dyd declare in very good Mode-
ration, that flie did acquit himfelf of it every way ; only fiie infilled fomewhat
jealoufly upon his Sonne : For SatisfacStion whereof, the young Gentleman made
many formall Proteflations, and did promife, that he would by his owne Letters
challenge all the World, that could prove any fuch thing againll him. This Mat-
ter troubleth moll of the Noblemen, and maketh this AmbalTador, I think, ob-
ferve himfelf lels acceptable ; for even indeed the fame Coppies have been fent to
the Taljgrave, and to divers other parts of the World, much to the Scandall of
all the Peers in the Kingdome. Upon Monfieur de Rohajt's Anfwer , it is lyke
enough that fome new Matter will appear, untyll which tyme I leave this Mat^
ter. Only I fend you now two or three Books in Englijh, wherein the Fadr,
tvith all the Circumllances, is clearly and fyncerely delivered. I hope by the
next Letters to fend you the fame tranflated into French.

And now, becaufe you may be informed of the State of her Majeftie's Affairs;
Firfl, concerning the matter of the Peace, (wherein it was thought her Majeftie's
Minifters were ib drunken) I fend you the Coppy of a Letter newly written by
Mr. Beak and Mr. Edmondes, in anfwer to Rtchardofs Letter ; whereof I wifh
you notwithftanding to make fuch ufe, as may ferve beft for her Majeftie's Ad-
vantage in thofe Partes. For although I wold not have them ignorant, with what
Caution her Majeftie proceedeth ; yet it may be, that that State will be the
more reJpeB fully jf they think that the Spaniard continueth dejirous of our
Amity.

Out oi Ireland (Thanks be to God) all things fucceede under my Lord 'T>e-
pity fo much to her Majeftie's Honor and Contentement, as the Rebells in all
partes of the Kingdome feeke for Mercy, and her Majeftie's Charge for her Army
is likely to be abated. Thus much I would have you know, becaufe I would be
loath that thofe-, (whofe AjfeEiions moove only as 'Princes ft and great or little)
might think us fo unhap^, as to be obnoxious to them, who requite us with
no Kindnefs : And yet it would not be fo ufed, as to take away this good Argu-
ment, that her Majeftie's extreame Expences conftraine her to prefs for Reim-
bourfment.

The AmbafTadors of Scotland have ben here well ufed of the Queen, and are
this next Weeke to departe. And becaule you may underftand what their Pro-
ceedings have ben, (contrary to fond Bruits) you fliall know, that where it was
given out, that they meant to handle the matter of Succeffion, and to demand
peremptorily thofe Lands in England, which are in ^eftion between him and
the Lady Arabella, with fome fuch other lofty Tropofitions ; I think good to aflure
you, that they have ben fo far from any luchy^icfr Tropofitions, as they have
ihewed, that the principall Scope of their Jorney is for Congratulation of her
Majeftie's EJcape, * and to clear e thofe Imputations, which have ben thrown up-
on the King, for dealing with the Tope and theKinge (j/Spaine; and efpecially
for fujfering the SubjeBs 0/" Scotland ^(? carry Trovifions to the Rebells in
Ireland, f Some fmall Requefts they made for Sir William Evers, who is in

* See Cambdens Eliz fag. 63 1, who is entirely filent in this part of their Negctiatioa.
t See Cambden, ubifupra.

Trifon

Book IV. Mr.\ViiiwoohsNegotiatio?iin7r2ince. 325

Trifin for coming fccretly to fee the King in Scotland, which he afterwards ab- y^;/. x6ot.
jurcd when the contrary was plaine, and lo only imputed to him in that refpc<5t,
pro dc'UBo. Bur in concliifion, they did make a Rcqucfl: to the Queen, to adde a
greater Somme to that 'Port ion, ijahich her Majeflie hath long fince yearly afjlgn-
W/ him by "^ay of Gratuity. In all which her Majcftie hath not refufcd him, but
even in that lafi:, is relblved to geve him * liich an Incrcale as her Majcftic's Af-
fliires will fulfer for the prelcnt; with promilc to continue ir, as long as he Jhall
make it appear unto the IVorld, that he is ixjilling to deferve her extraordina-
ry Care and Kindnefs to'uuards him.

Laflly, becaufe I know thatGratefuIlnefs in you, cannot but make you deflrous
to underhand of the Eftatc of my Colen Sir Henry Neville, (whome you have
followed,) I think good in few Words to fay this unto you : That notwithjiand-
ing he did, beyond all Duty and IDifcretion, fnjfer himfelf to be defiled 'with
the Titche he touched, in being privy to the particular Confpiracy of this At-
tempt projeBed atYixxxx^-WovXz, where he dyd meete, and \ where all the Ar-
ticles were debated, he never fee king by any Man or Means to difcover any part
thereof; yet I thinke I may geve you this Comforte, that her Majeftie will not
he fliall be tainted in Blood by an Arraynement; though for Example-fake, he
may be proceeded with by way of Fyne and Imprifonmejit, for which purpofe
he is removed to the Tower. To which Courfe, being rather matter of Fofiri
then Subftance, (feeing all Prifons are little different) yf any of his Friends iliould
have induftrioufly oppofed, it had ben the ready way to have forced a Courfe of
more Severity ; for who doth not know Torrenti qui cedere novity impetum mi-
nuit. And thus I committ you to God.

From the Court Tour loving Friend,

2itGreenwich, RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable., Taris^ 17 May 1601. O. S^

SINCE my lad to your Honor, I have againe follicited the Chancellor her^
for Surfeance of the Execution of the Arreji which I advertized lately to be
geven againfl: one Richard Etonr oi London, in favour oi Marti zan de Hargues
of St. Jean de Luz ; who by Subornation of the Rochellers, (reviving his Let-
ter of Mart which many Years has lien dead,) had feizedupon that Summ of Mo-
ney which they were condemned by the Court of Parlement to repay to the faid
Etour. But notwithftanding all the Reafons that I colde alleage, the Inconveni-
ences that might arrife by this violent kind of Proceedings, the Rigour of the
Sentence, (the Mony belonging to many poore Widdowes and FatherlefTe Chil-
dren) the inconfcionable Maliice of the Rochellers, whom to fuport in their
Fraud was to proclaim to the World, (and as it were to determine by Arreft:,)
that in France no Debts were payable to Strangers, and that the Surfeance for fo
fhiale a time as forty Days wold bring no Prejudice to any Party ; yet I cold re-^
ceave no other Anfwear but a flat Refufall, pretending that it was not in his
Powre aloane to graunt yt, and that the Counfaill to whom he had propofed the
matter, did wholly oppofe themfelves againfl it. I mean to inform the King of

* The Augmentation wasicooi a Year. Catnbdeni p.6-^i.

\ I can't help obferving, that Sir He»ry Neville (in his own Cafe before printed) poiitively denies that
the Articles -were communicated to him : And leave it to the World to jiidge, if fo wife and prudent a Man
would have prevaricated in a Circumttance of fuch Confequence, and upon which he lays fo great Strefs.
To which give me leave to add, that Cambden (Elix,. f.6iQ.) in his Account of his Examination be-;
fore the Privy Council at York Houfe, does not pretend that it was fo much as objected to him, that he was
fri-vy to their Articles; much lefs that all the Articles were debated in his Prefence^ or that he was fri-vy to
the particular Confpiracy of that Attempt.

Goo© this

^26 Mr^WmwooDs Negotiation inIrQ.nct. Book IV.

i6oi.tbis unfeafonable Proceeding, though he will be glad that the Rochel/ers have
fo plaied their parts ; not remembrtng now Jo much isjhat he was, when the Ma-
ny was lent, as what he is, now it is to be repaid. The Alarm of the Letter is
come to Monfieur de Rohan \ and here is now in this Towne one 'Durandz Man
of his, to retyre theOrigiuall which was left here behind him. Which when he
hath don, his Mailer, he faieth, will never acknowledge the Receipt of any fiich,
and fo will advertize her Majeflie. Though this T)urand hath confeffed in fa-
miliarity to one Sant fiver 9, Jar fey Man,' that Monfieur de Boifiife'j- Sonn is the
Man that wrote it.

This Letter for herMajeftie, I received yerfterdaie, by the Secretary of /7or^;^(r^
who refideth here. He in Kindnefs imparted thus much unto me, that he wold
Lave ben glad, that as her Majeftie indited and wrote her felf the Letter which flie
fent, fo the Queen here wold have don the like ; but flie was, as he faid, advi-
fed otherwile by her Secretary Thilipeau, becaufe herMajeftie in her Letter did
not ftyle her with the Title of Majefla. So that if the Queen here fliould have
lent her Letter in Italian, ufing the Word Majefta, had ben to retorn more then
ilie hadreceaved; and not to ule it, had ben both not to yeld her Majeftie her
due, and to have iliewed her felf ignorant in the Propriety of her ovvne Lan-
guage; and therefore to avoyd all Offence, yt was thought beft, that her Secre-
tary Hiould write in French, which Style doth pafs with both, without more Ce-
remony of Title. I anfwered, that as he dealt freely with me (for the which I
thanked him) {o I wold ufe the fame Liberty with him ; and laid, x}^'XX.Thilipeau,
who from Moniieur de Villeroy his Man was become Secretary to the Queen,
did not yet well underftand the Place he held. For firft, her Majeftie doth in
her Superfcription, and in the Letter, call hex Sore lla, which did imply (her
Majeftie's State confidered) as much Honor, as the Crown oi France could give
her. Then the Style of the Letter did run in the third Perfon, as a gli occhi
fmi, la fort a fua, and the like, which only was proper to Perfbns of higheft
State. Laftly, it cold be no Note of Ignorance in the Italian Language not to
ufe the Termes of Majejta, Altejfa, Signoria, and the like ; when as their beft
Writers, whofe Letters are in greateft Requeft, do not only not ufe that Form
of Style, but utterly condemn yt : And fo I Ihewed him Claudia Tollemei's Let-
ters, who was Secretary to Clement VII, to Francis I, Henry II, and to the
Queen Mother, in all which he did fee the Title o? Majefta never ufed. The
Secretary did approve her Majeftie's Judgment, and excufed the Qiieen, faying,
that file was yet but in her Non-age, nether had flie any about her that could a-
right advife her; that the King was content flie Ihould be nouriflied ftill in Igno-
rance ; and concluded in thefe Words, In fomma che volete voi, Ella nan e la
Reina d'lnhilterra. He was inftant with me for a Coppie of her Majeftie's Let-
ter, to lend to the great Duke ; whereby, he faid, the Duke wold receave great
Comfort for the honorable Mention her Majeftie did make of him, whom above
all Princes he did moft reverence ; but I intreated to be excufed, not prefttming fo
farr without Permiflion.

I underftand that {\:li Superjiition) the Ambajfador (?/ Scotland hath ben ad-
vertized of a dangerous Pradtice againft (kSj Counfaill) the Scots. Ki7ig: That
lately, one called {G.rtygbulJ Glarnet, hath ben fent out of (lof) Scotland,
with Letters to {xzhdokysj Bothwell, to haften home with 'Diligence, where
he Jhould find Juficient Afflftance. The principall Tarty who imploied this
'Party is the {xcmygf-Lof) ^teen o/'Scotland. The Party imploied did write
irovQ.{^.zyiad) Calis to ($179) Brujfells, whereby this Pradlize is difcovered.
From thence he embarqued for (Aioo) Spaine, but by the way the Ship perifli-
ed, and he was drowned. To this purpofe Letters have ben intercepted from
{xuxldyipixe) Mafter Gray owt oi {10$ Health) England; that the {6.suylwuJ
Death of (6.reigaJ Gowry fhould fliortly be revenged. He hath likewife fent
Letters to {()pjnhteyj Bothwell, and fince one Andrew Cluer his Man, to fpeak
with him, hoping to have found him at ($ 179) Brujfells. (113) The Ambaffa-
flW-*?/ Scotland hath fent one called Frezer, a Scott ijh Trie ft, to advertife of this

Pradife.

Book I V . MrW I N vv 0 o d' J Ncgotiatio7i in F ranee. 327

Pradifc. The {xshitlrugsy) Lord Simple being refufcd (as he faith) to pafs An. \6o\,
through EnglmuU hath fcnt his Negotiation with Letters from (19) the King of
Spainc, to the King; from whom he hath reccavcd Anfwear, to attend here to
know his firther Picafure, till the comming of the {G.sepuixtubif) T)uke of
Lenox^ who is expedted the next Moneth. We here muH: have gli orrecbi de
Mercantl-, to hear all, with relation to the Tryal of better Judgement. I
am loath to be abufcd, and yet who is not. The Poverty of the Man from
whom I do reccave thefc Particulars, doth crave ibme reliefe ; but farther I
will not proceed, before I Ihall rcceavc your Honor's Judgment of thefe. Mon-
ficur de Beaumont hath reccavcd from the Mouth of the Chancellier y Com-
mandment to prepare to fuccccd Monficur de Boiflffe. *Monfieur de Betimes,
Brother to de Rhofny, doth go to refide AmbafTador at Rome. The King doth
give him for his Provifion for his Meubles 4000 Ducats, 2000 for his Voiage, and
I looo for his yearly Entertainment. | Monficur de Villeroy did feek for this
Imploiment, for his Son Monficur de Almcourt ; The Refufall whereof is the
grcatefl Chek his Credit ever hath had in this King's Time. For befides that he
ibught it for his Sonne, and that all forrain Lnployments being fobordinate to his
Charge, the Place which he holds, was ever w^ont by Prefcription to have fom
Intereft in the difpofing of them : Now, his Corrivall in the King's Favour hath
thus far gained upon him, not only to encroach upon his Freehold, but alfo for
his Brother ; whereby Monfieur de Villeroy fliall receave only the ordinary Dif-
patches of Forme, but all Matters of Weight, and important Intelligences, fliall
be prevented by Monfieur de Rhofny^ who by this means will make his Accefs
more daily about the King, and his Credit flronger. Whereupon many conclude,
Monfieur de Villeroy''^, Service is fomewhat iufpedted with the King, efpecially
in this Particular of Rome ; to which Sea-, (even in Matters of State) he hath
ever ben accounted fiiperfiitioujly offered.

By Letters from Venice of the 12* of this Month the Army is faid to be ftpa-
rated ; 4000 Italians and 2000 Spaniards, do com down into Flaunders^ and
800 Hors. The Allemaigns and Suijfes are licenced, the reft do go into Hun-
gary. ■ So" that now it doth appear, that this Army ftanding fo long up without
any Attempt, was prepared only to fecond the Surprize o^ Marfeilles, by aflail-
ling the Country of Trovince.

Yt is here reported, that T^ietro de Medicis is lately dead in Spayne. We look
here every Day for the Kinge and the whole Court from Fountainbleau. I hum-
bly kifs your Honor's Hand for the enclofed in your laft Letters, and fo I hum-
bly take my Leave.

Your Honor's in all T)uty, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOa

Air. Winwood to Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, ly'^^ May 1601. O. S.

I Acknowledge it for an Argument of your Honor's great Favour, that y t hath
pleafed you fo fully to communicat unto me Sir Henry Nevill's Stare. I
Ihould condemn my felf of great Inhumanity, yf I fhould not be touched with
his Affli6lion ; the Caufe whereof, the more I do confider, the more I reft there-
at confufed, that a Man of his Judgment, Wifdom and Experience, devoyde of
all prefent Mifcontentment, fliould lend Ear to the Devifes of luch delperate and
unfenfible Courfes. But his Lady (whofe Innocency doth fufFer for Ihis Over-
fight) doth deferve much Compamon, whom I know ever truly to have honorr
ed you, and to have placed the greateft part of her Glory in the Happines of
your Honor's Fortune. Yet in this her heavie Misfortune, ilie with her many

* He was AmbalTador in Scotland in the Year 1599.

t See a large Account of this Conteft in de SuUy'i own Memoirs, Vol. 3. ch. 4 p, 49, 50. EUt.Amfi-

Imall

328 Mr.Wi^y^ooDs Negotiation inVrance. Book IV.

<*- 1601. fmall Children may receave this Confolation, that your Honor hath that Place

' about her Majeftie, ever to cherifli thofe good Motions of Grace and Clemency,

the which do fo far furpafs all other her princely Virtues, as by them, accompa-
nied with her Wifdom and Prudence, her Subjects under her gracious Govern-
ment, do furpafs in blefTed Happinefs, the Subjects of all other Neighbour
Princes.

I fear I mufl be forced to have recotirfe to your Honor for part of that Mony,
which by your DirecStions I ihould have receaved from Sir Henry Neville. I
am not fully fatisfyed, nor well cannot be, by that Order he geveth ; yet to
avoide your Honor's farther Trobble, I have intreared Mr. Tucker^ yf he may
have Accefs unto him again, to follicit him. I very humblie befeech your Honor
with favour to recommend me, both for myne Advance, and the Augmentation,
for which in your former Le ters, you geve me hope to move her Majeftie. And
fo craving Pardon of this my Boldnefs, I humbhe take my leave.

Toitr Honor's in allTiuty humbly to be commaunded.,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr, Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is, 23^ May i6oi. O. S,

I'^HIS Gentleman y\x. Anthony Tracy, paffing this way from Florence, where
he hatfi made fome good aboad, being defirous to render his Duty and Ser-
vice to your Honor, doth geve me this preient Occafion of writing, though this
time doth not prefent much worthy the Underllanding. Upon JVednefday the
Duke of Bouillon departed from this Towne towards Sedan, with purpos to re-
torn within 20 Days. The lame Morning I went to faiute him before his De-
parture; " and withall, to inform him of her Majeftie's prolJDerous Health, the
" Repofe and Contentment of her Subjed:s, and her AfTurance, by theAfliftance
" of God, of the entier Reduction of /r^"/*;/!^. I likewife dehvered the great Ho-
" nor her Majeftie had don to the Earle oi Marre, and with what good Satisfa-
*' (Stion he departed;" which I did, becaufe thofe Vanities, whereof your Ho-
nor's Letters make mention, were not only bruited and beleeved, but wijhedand
defired here. I inform'd him likewife of the reviving of the Treaty, which long
here hath been feared^ and by the faffing of the laft Mejfenger from Czlzis, is
held as concluded : " The which, I laid, the Imal Contentment which here was
" found, and lefle to be expe6ted, did move her Majeftie to entertaine. He
" fawe our Contentment was fmale, the which I were the forier to fee, becaule
" he did not fee it likely to amend: and fo faid, that not ix Days fince inCoun-
" faill, vipon Debate of their owne Affaires, they fell into Consideration of for-
" rainEftates; W^^';/, he faid, that their Neighbours were little beholding unto
" them, and namely England, from whence they had receaved fo many Curte-
"' Jies, and fo great, as did defearve a more grate full Remembrancer What
was anfwer'd he did omite to tell me; but he rephed, which doth imply theAn-
fwer, " That if the King might have had all his Demands of the Queen of ^7^^/^^^,
" he wold not fo eafily have hearkened to a Peace with Spaine-., but this was to
" be confidered, whether without thofe Aids from her, they ever cold have ar-
" rived to that heighth of State, to have had a Treaty either ofi^ered, or accept-
*' ed. He concluded with me, that he found well that there was a T)ef
" figne hatching, for the final Ruin e and T>efru£iion of the Religion-, and
" fo told me, for all our Treaty.^ we had no reafon to be too confident,
" though it jhould take place. I know, faid he, the G^ueen is wife, a7id
" her Cotmfaill watchfull, yet this, I fay, can do no harm. I praied him
" to open himfelf more plainly; he anfwered, think I Jpeak upon fomg
"' Ground and advife of it :" More I cold not draw from him. Yt may

be

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooDs Negotiatmi in FrancCo 3 2^

be, he hath a particular cud in this Speech, fomwhac to allay the heat in im- An. i6oi.
bracing the Peace with Spayne., which I know he doth no wile affcd; for
the SucccfTc thereof mufl: needs take down the edge of their pride here, and wea-
ken the Stnte of his brother Count Maurice, wliofc greatneis lie holds to be his
own (Irength. When I took my leave of him, he praied me to recommend him
to your Honor, and to intreat you, with afTurance of his ductifuU , Service, to
prclcnt in his Name to her Majeftic, a moft humble Requcfl: in the behalf of Sir
Robert Fcrnoii; of whom, having been bred up with liim for ccrtaine Years, he
cold not but have a loving and tender Care. He laid he wold allcage no Excufe
to mittigat the greatneis of his Offence; but yfher Majeftic wold lliew him fo
much Mercy, at the inftant of his Petition, to free him from that Puniflimcnt
which othcrwifb he fliould fuffer, he wold acknowledge it for a great Honor, and
undertake hereafter, tor the others more loyall and dutiful! Carriage. I beicech
your Honor to move her Majeftie, and undcrftand her gracious Plcafure herein.
Yf flic Ihall be plcafed to grant this Grace, Sir Robert Vernon lliall do well by
his Letters to the Duke, to acknowledge with gratefollnefs, the Mercy her Ma-
jeftie hath vouchfafed to fliew him, at his Intcrceflion. The Duke will receave
it for an honorable favour, and add it to the Nomber of rhofe many Obligations,
wherewith he doth profefs to the World, to be tyed to her Majeftics Service.

Notwithflanding by my lafl: I advertized, that by Letters from Venice of the
li^h of this prefent it was aflured, that the Army in Italy did diflblve; yet fence,
contrary advices have ben received, that it doth rather increafe, and that part is
already defcended the Mountaines ; whereby the Suipicion of the Siege of Gene-
va is renewed, and the fear of the Inhabitants redoubled ; who have advertized
the King of their Doubts, and have recalled their Secretary, who did extraordina-
rily negotiate their Affaires here. Wherein they have hetherto found hard Mea-
furcj nether having hope to recover their Mony, (being the Sum of 3^0000 Du-
cats, which they have disbourfed in the King's Service, and fo is acknowledged
and veri.fyed,) nor being ftiffered to tvip^j the Bailiage of Jejfe by the Maref^
chall Byron-, (to whole Government of Bonr\i^oyne., la Breffe is added ;) which
they did wynn during the late Warrs with their own Force and Charge, and
fence by Agreement hath ben morgaged and afhgned unto them.

This Siege of Geneva is like to bring fom Alteration of Affaires in this Eftate,
ether at home or abroad. For yf the King (which he doth proteff) fliall fend
them open Succour, and for that purpofe doth nominate Monfieur de la Noile, yc
may upon good Reafon, caufe a Rupture between him and Spayne, whofe Enter-
prize it is. Yf the King fliall refufe, the Reltgion doth refolve to levle Arfjtes
for their AJJiftance-, and fo in a Sinode held this laft Week at Gerjoy by Or-
leans^ it was concluded ; which being once raifed, can want no pretexts to up-
hold and reinforce themfelves. The generall Opinion is here, that this State,
cannot long continue in thefe termes now.it fiandeth., fo generall are the T>if-
contents., and fo hardly to be compofed. At Lyons lately there was a Boate up-
on the Rhofie, charged with Merchandizes, and with People to the Nomber of
twenty, (luppofed to com from the Excercife of Religion) aflailled by the bafer
Sorte of the Towne. The People of the Boate protefled, that they were Mar-
chants and of Geneva ; whereupon, as though it had ben but foelix error , they
were more violently aflaulted, and hardly efcaped from being drowned. And
fence at Bourdeaux, under the Condudt of a Capuchin Fryer-, the Peopell did
rife in Armes, went to the Place where the Religion doth excercife, there brake
the Seates and Benches, abufed the Pulpite, and committed many Villanies not
to be named. Order is given for Punifliment of thefe Abuies; but fuch, as will
incenfe the Mahce of the OffenderSj not extinguilh it; and rather aggravat then
appeas the jufl griefe of thole, that fee themfelves expofed to the Scorn of their
Adverfaries. Monfieur de Rhofiy did fend down very lately his Commiffaries, to
publifli the Tancharte-i^ox the levying of the Irapofitions and Gabells in Toitou.
The People did mutiny againft them, and aflailled the Houfe where they were re-
tyred ; from whence to lave themfelves, they were forced to eicape by a Poftera

P p p p Doore.

1 30 Afr.WiNwooD'^ Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1601. Doore. The ComiiTaries are likewife fenr into Bretatgne for the fame purpofe,
where afluredly they will find the fame Entertainment. Here is an Opmion, that
the King will affemble a nationall Counfaill, for the deciding the Differences in
Religion; wherein he himlelf \v\\\ pra^dere-^ the better to piay the lame Traidt
which he did at Fountambleau the lafl Year, in the Conference between Monfieur
de TleJJis and the Biihop of Evreux. . Perhaps the Speech of the Duke of Bouil-
Ibn might allude to this Defleigne, which doth tend to no other end^ then to ex-
terminate the Religion of this Realme; which to maintaine, the former Trobles
muft be revived, and fb this State fall into a Relapfe; which will be To much the
more dangerous, the lefs Comifferation their refpedtlels Behaviour (being but
yet upon the mending hand) doth defearve.

Your Honor will be pleafed to inform me, what Anfwear Monfieur de Boi-
Jijfehzxh given to her Majefties Demands; for before I ihall thereon reply, I fhail
receave no other Anfwear, then that there AmbalTador hath geven her Majeftie
Anfwear, wherewith ihe doth reft fatisfied.

The States are to receave this Year 150000 Duca.ts by three Paiments; for
the firft the Shippes are daily attended at T>iepe. The Scots here have receaved,
that upon the Execution ot the E. Bonneton, one CorvelL an Herault, did hang
the King of Scotland'^ pourtraid: upon a Gallows, in the Market-Place at Edyn-
bourgh, for which Infolency (as he well deferveth) he was burned.

The two 'Eynr^oxdmzxy Venetian AmbafTadorsto congratulate this Marriage, ar-
rived here upon Wednefday ; they were honorably receaved oitt of the Towne by
the Prince of C(?;/^/, and Marlhall lyOrnano, and lb accompanied to Madarri
the King's Sifters Houfe, where they are loged. The King is yet at Fountain-
bleau. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honoris. &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mvi Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is 29* May 1601. O. S .

I Should not at this time have trobled your Honor, had not thefe Letters from
^on Verginio, ben recommended unto me, as well for fpeedy as for affured
Conveyance. I receaved them this Day by the Secretary of Florence, who in-
treated me to follicite, that what Anfwear your Honor fliould fend might be
through his hands, for the better Dilcharge of his Duety, to whofe Care thofe
were from his Mafter fo ftraightly recommended. The King is yet at Fountain-
bleati, where this Week the Counlaill there hath been aftembled, with fome of
the Governours of the Port Townes, as Monfieur de Vic of Calais, de Chattes
of T>iepe, and tht premier F're/ident of Rouen, and he of Renes. The pur-
pofe is to eftablilh the Law of the Admiralty, which is held to be much out of
Order; and to advife about the Reglement of Commerce, between the King's and
the Archduke"^ Subjedls, about which Affair long fince I have advertized. Mr.
Commartin, the Prefident du grand Conjeil, was lent to treat with the Deputies
of the Archduke at Vervin ; where much time hat4i ben Ijsent, but nothing con-
cluded; and fo both Parties retorned, with Continuance of the Treaty untill
another Meeting.

Monfieur de Boderie, the King's Agent at Briijfells, is now here ; whether
he fhortly doth retorne. He doth deliver a very deplorable Relation of the Mif-
fcries of thofe Countreys, and a deadly Hatred of the People towards the Spa-
niards. Whereupon he maintaines the Difcourfe, that if the States would be in-
duced to a Conference with the Archduke, and upon the Jirft Entrance, propofe
the expelling of the Spaniards out of the Countrey, and thereupon injiji pe-
f emptor ily J without proceeding farther ; therefufall thereof (for he holds that

■ . Point

^dok IV. Mr.W imvooBs Ncgotiafio?2 mVrance. 331

i'oint wold have this Eflcdt) "juold caufe a gencraU Revoke in all parts \ whcn,^;. i<5oi,
(he People ihall Ice, that it is not the pubhck Peace, or Deliverance from their
Milcrics, w hicli is Ibiight, but the Greatneis of the King of Spay lie, and the en-
tire DeflrUdtioa of thole Countries, under the Yoke of his Tyrannic.

The Treaty for Hmigary between the Emperonr and the Turk is broken. The
Empcronr did demaund all Hungary to be reflorcd, where he pretendeth to be
King. TiieZ//^-/^, thcReftitucion oi*Strygoninm and fGiavarzu, and the Arrear-
ages of the Tribute flncc the lad Warrs, all at one Paimcnt, and after yearly to
be continued. There is a Bilhop cholcn of Mayence-, Nephev/ to the b.fl ; lb it
is thought the Eledion of the King of the Romans fliall proceed, which in likiy-
hood will fall upon Mathias-, the Emperour's Brother. Of this Army in Italy^
there is no more AlTurance then in my laft Advertizements ; only this fince is re-
ported, that at Genoa there arc arrived between 50 and 60 Gallies, wherein arc
to cmbarke ixooo Men of thefe Soldiers, to what purpofe is not knowne. Some
do interpret it againft France-, others againft the Turk ; for fomc DefTeign in Bar-
bary and Trlpoly is named. doth afTure me of advice out of Italy, of

certaine French Men that now are in Mylan-, lent from hence fccretly, to practice
and hold Intelligence with Count Fuentes. The hap fie Repoje of her Majefiie's
States-, and the profpcrons Succefs of her Affaires in Ireland, (both vi^hich God
mainetaine) doth caufe this 'People to change their Style, into a more humhle
and refpeBfill'Tbrafe. Their Defires Jraving expelled nothing lefle, then that
in the one, lb great a Storrae lliould pals fo mildly, without leaving behind a
tough and high Sea ; or in the other, that a Difealc fo dangerous, ihould be not only
recovered, which long fmce, in their conje<3:ure, wasgeven over as mortall and
incurable ; but alfo (by her Majeftie's Prudence and well poUiced Conftitution)
perfedlly cilablillied, through the whole Body of that Ifland. And now frefiily is
arrived a Bruite, which founds much to her Majefiie's Honor, of a great Defai6t
that the Spaniards fliould receave by the Englifo-, fome feaw Dales fince, not
far from the Sluce. The Man that doth deliver this Report, Is called Corijiaii-
tine T)iell, a Sea Captaine of T>iepe. He fays, that he himfelf came from
St.Lucar, and fawe the Fight, which continued fix hours. Upon thefe former
PremifTes, they here infer, that the Treaty being nO'-^ revived, the Spaniards
will defend to more lo'uoly Termes ; and offer fuch Conditions., as the Honor of
her Majeflie, and the Safety of h6r State Jhall demand.

By Letters from Spayne we hear, that notwithftanding the late Retorne of the
Soldiars, the King doth impofe a halidiefme upon all Oyle and Wine ; and hath
made an Ordon nance, to retire into his owne Hands all the Argent erie within
the Realm, upon Confilcation of that which fliall be concealied. He doth not ex-
cept the P^ftte and Riches of the Church, whereunto the Biihop of Toledo doth
oppofe himfelf He will take of all what he fliall think good, and pay for it
according to the Waight, after he hath tempered it by the Artifice of the Mynts,
and turn'd it into Mony.

The French King is about a netv Miftrejfe, called la Boidiffiere. Her Father
demaundes 1 00000 Crowns, 70000 are faid to be accorded. (x7) Monfieur de
Rhofny doth florm, that his mifferable, fparing, and cruell Exadrions upon the
People, whereby he is becom the Hatred of the World, fliould be fquandered in
this manner; and doth defire to leave the Charge of the Finances. (144) The
King doth anfwer, that he will be le Maiftre ; he knows his Service hath ben
good, and many he hath that can do as good : Yf that he be fb wilhng to leave
that State, he mufl look likewife to leave the reft. The Trincejfe of Florence
that was, doth make way to this Love % hoping thereby to divert, or at leaft to
divide the Streame of his AfTedions from la Marquijfe., who now hath the fole
PolTeffion of all. And fo yf fhe fliall be fo happy, to be delivered of a Dauphin,
file may the more boldlie challenge a Prefeance, and be tertia in amicitia. This
Reglement for Marchants, which herewith I fend your Honor, will not only ba-
nifli forarain Coyne out of this Realme, but carry out the Gold of this Realme,

* Gran. \ Raab.

into

532 Mf.WiawooD s Negotiation ht^ rancQ. Book IV.

y^n. i6oi.into forraine Countreys; efpecially into Holland 2.nd Flandrest and moll parts
of Italy^ where in is prized at fo high a Rate. And fb, ^c.

Tour Honor' Sf &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.
Right Honorable^ Tar is, ^^ June 1601. O.S.

I'^HE Letters which within this Box your Honor fliall receave from le Grand
Seigneur and Efhraim Baffa, to her Majeilie, were delivered this Morn-
iiig unto me, by one who is com lately ont of Turquie^ with Letters to this King,
and fome Imal Prefents, as a Cimmiterre, a Dagger, and a Feather. He cold
be contented to be honoured with the Title of an AmbafTador from the Great
Turk. But by what I can underftand by others, and find by Conference with
himfelf, after long aboad that he hath made in thofe Parts, he was willing to
make a Jotney into his native Countrey, (for he is of Marfeilles) and for his
greater Honor, hath procured to be recommended to the King, by Letters and
Prelents. He fent to fpeak with me, with Intimation of thele Letters for her
Majeflie. At my coming, he propofed, whether he flrould himfelf carrie thenii
Or fend them by one of his Company, or deliver them to me to be fent. To the
which, finding him moft willing, I wold not diflwade him ; thinking fith he was a
Man of no greater quaility, nor any very good falln"on, he with his Company^
whereof many have ben gathered up by the Way in his Voiage, cold not be but
a trobble to her Majefties Court, and an unneceflary Charge to her. I have pro-
mifed him, that he fliould be advertized, whether it be hei- Majeftie's Plealure,
that he fliould go into England^ and what Letters flie wold fend in Anfwer,
Ihould fafely com to his hands. He faies he is Thyfition to the Great Turk ; yet
by his owne relation, he comes not diredtly from Confiantino^ki but from Bel-
grade.

The King is now in this Towne; but fo clofely at TLaVnetz Houfe, that his
unwillingnefs to be feen, makes no Man willing to approach unto him. The
Conference which was to be held at Fountainebleau, for reftablifliing the Admi-
ralty, and negotiating the Commerce between this Realme and the Archduke's
State, is now to be treated on in this Towne. For the Commerce, (as I under-
ftand) there are three cheefe Points in Confideration : Firft, for the free Traficke
of their People into the Archduke'?, Parts, as Graveling-, "Dunkerk ahd the reft^
which hitherto the States have hindered. Then, thlt the Banner of France,
iliall be fuf^icient Warrant for free and fecure Paflage, without Search or Vifita-
tion. And laflly it is dilpute, confidering the ordinary Imberge that is ufed iri
Spayne, and that their Shippes are fubject on all parts to the Viffitation, whe-
ther it were not more fafe for the Subjed, and as commodious for the King, not
lb much to Trade into forraine Parts, but to ere6t certaine Staple Townes in the
moll convenient Places, where all forrain Commodities Ihould be dilcharged, and
their own vented out.

This Afternoon I was with Monfieur de Villeroy-, " to whom I related the
" hard Proceeding which hath been ufed, againft the poor Man of London, in
" the Sute which he hath had againft the Roche Hers. To the which he anfwered
" no more, then that the CounJaill, when there fliould be occafion, wold yeald
" a Reafon of that which they had done, but not unto me. I wold not farther
" reply upon him; but faid, that I had underftood of a Conference, which was
•' to be had for the Reglement of Commerce. I praied him to be perfwaded,
" that the Confidence which her Majeftie had, of his Defire for the Coniervation
" of this Amity, did alTure her, that he wold fiiffer nothing to be conc'uded,
" which ihould be prejudiciall to the Treaties or Liberty of her Subjed;'s Trade.

" He

Book IV. iW^-.WiN woodV Negotiatio7i in France. 533

" He anfwercd, that no Man living, did dcfirc more the Amity of her Majcflic yf«. 1601.
" then tlic King, and fo reciprocally was he perlwadcd of her AfTcdtion towards
" him: But laid he, Ihc is yll Icrvcd, and her Minifters do not accord with her ;
" and lb began to invaigh, againd the Evill which their Subjeds there in England
" do rcceave. Concluding, that the King had lod all Patience, and now wasre-
" folved himlelf to provide Remedic for his Subjcds Wrongs. I offered to fhevv
" him the Lyfl: of thole, who had acknowledged to have receaved good Satis-
" taction in their Suites. Whereby I laid it wold appear, that the Complaints
" which their AmbafTadors did make, were more violent then there was Caufc:
" And withall praied him, that I might have a Note of the Names of thofe, (yf
*' any Inch there were) to whom Juftice had ben refufed ". He rcfufed to lee the
Lift which here I have, under the Scall of the Admiraltie: Notvvithftandiug, at
my next going to him, I will prefent it to his Viewe. " He ftood much upon the
'*•'■ Juftification of Monfieur ^t" ^(si/^/Z^-'s fmcere Intention, forthe Confervation of
" the Amitic between the two Crowns; which I was not willing to contradid::
" And for thofe to whom Jufticc hud been refuled, he laid it was to no purpofe
-" to give their Names, fith 1 already they had ben prefented to her Majeftie's
*' Counlaill. Laftly, I requcfted his F'>V(nir, for the Moderation of the Edi6t
" againft our Marchants at Roikn: But the Anfwer was, that the Arrell was
•' conformable to the Laws and Ordonances of £';^^/rf;/(^, and his Opinion fliould
" be, to have it preiently put in Execution.

I found Monfieur de Villeroy in all his fafliion, befides the Sharpnefs of his
Anfwers, very ft range and yll contented: Perhaps the more, becauie he had that
Morning, receaved a Letter from Monfieur deBoiJiffe, which the Bearer laMotte
doth faie, did containe freih Complaints of five feverall Matters. At my raking
leave of him, " I laid that it was not for want of Caufe, as he himfelf might v/ell
" know, that her Majeftie's Minifters did not importune the King's, and his
" Ears, with the Multitude of their juft Complaints; but that it was not her
" Pleafure, that they ftiould with Bitternefs exafperate the Greavances, but mild-
" ly touch them, and fo lightly pafs them over. The Ifilie of this Conference
will clearly difcover, what purpofe they have to entertain our Amity, with Con-
tentment to her Majeftie, and better Satisfadion to her Subjeds ; whereof I hope
to be able fully to advertize your Honor, fo foon as the Aifemblie fliall be difibl-

ved.

The Ambafi^adors of Venice, Triuli, and T)elfini, have taken leave of the
King, and this Day do depart. Yefterday I was with them, to give Teftimony
of her Majeftie's loving Affedtion, for the Confervation of their Commonwealth.
Monfieur de GaJI, Governor o'i Ambotfe, being at his Houfe, not far from thence,
was lately aflaulted, by certaine mafqued and diiguifed Perfons, and ftabbed to
Death. He was the Man, that ga^e the fatall Bloweto the laft 'Duke o/'Guife
at Blois. Yt is not doubted, but thefe Bohemians or Egi^tiens, (for fo here
they are called) were apofted by the Duke of Guife, who now is at MarfelUes^
and the Prince Joynville, who is in Lorraine. The Infolency of this Man's
Behaviour, hath made him fo hatefull, that he doth dye not only unlamented,
hut alfo unpittied; though the Example may draw after it a dangerous Confe-
quence.

* We hear out of Italy, that Sebafiian Ihould be delivered by the Great T)uke,
to the Viceroy oi Naples. Of the Army there, there is yet no Aflurance that it
is diflblved; though fom Letters from Turin, of the 28* of the laft, (which the
Venetian AmbafiTador here hath receaved) do fpeake, that the Companies which
were for the Archduke, Ihould begin to march within three Days after. And

fo, ^c.

Your Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOa

* Lettres d'OJfat, Vol. 4. p. 448. and the Note fub/oyned.

: ■ 0.9.1^ ^r.Winwood

Mr. WiNwooD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Mr. Win wood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Taris 12* June i5oi. O. S.

UPON thofe fower Anfw^rs, which I received from (T>tftruft) Monfieur
de ViUeroy^ whereof my laft of the 3^1 of this prefent do fully enform
your Honor, underftanding that the Counfaill was here alTembled, and entered
into Conference for the Reglement of Commerce between this Nation and their
neighbour Countreys, I took occafion to viflit Monfieur de Chattez; " who
" at large delivered unto me, that Monfieur de Villeroy had the Day before read
• ' openly before them all, a Letter frelhly receaved from Monfieur de Boifijfey
" (which was that which my laft doth certifie) wherein he doth not only com-
" plaine, that no Jullice hetherto hath ben done in England for theReliefe of
" the King's Subjeds, in the Wrongs which they have receaved by our Men of
'' Warre, but doth give Aflurance, that none hereafter is expedted to be done;
"adding, that what Care the King hath for the Prefervation of his Subjeds
" from liich Wrongs for time to come, or for Remedy of thole which are alrea-
' ' dy receaved, muft be fliewed by his Provifion from hence, without further re-
" lation to out Juftice in England^ This Letter was followed with as much
Bitternefs as it was conceaved ; and fome that were prelent had particular Gre-
vances, as Monfieur de Sourdiac Governor oi Breji, who doth complaine of a
Spoyle fome Years fence committed by the Englijh upon a Ship of his, which he
hath fought by Courfe of Juftice to recover, but hath ben retorned m vaine, with
lofs of Time, and much Expence,.

I underlland it hath ben queftion'd, howe expedient yt might be for their State,
to give forth Letters of Rep-ifall, but their owne Reafbn did foon beat them
from that purpole ; knowing, as beft acquainted with the Nature of their owne
Difpofition, that it is not for want ofTVill or 'Dejire.y but of Might andTowre^
that they are Tlaintifes in this Cafe. The Governors oi^ie^e and Calais have
iiot ben wanting to maintaine her Majeftie's Honor; relating the great Obliga-
tion that this Realme doth owe unto her, and demonftrating, by many Reafons,
the Afiurance of their State, by the Amity of England, and the Neceility of our
Commerce. And there Monfieur de Chattes did ihewe, that in an Afl!embly held
at IDie^e very lately amongft the Clothiers and the Drapiers, yt was proved, that
without the Trade of our Englifo Kerfies in Normandy , the poor Countreymen
ftould have no means to live ; for neither fliould he have Cloth to wear, being
not able to reach to the Price of French Cloth, (the worft being at feven or
eight Franks the Ell,) nether iliould he have Vent for his Canvas and Linnen
Cloth, which only our Marchants tranlport into England. Nothing hath ben
concluded amongft them for ovlX K^^xx&i oi England % and yf any thing ihall be,
yt is only deliberated between the Chancellier and Monfieur de Villeroy. Upon
Sonday lafl: I was at Moncaux with the King; and taking notice of this Confe-
rence, " I faid, that though I was afi~ured, both for his particular Affed:ion to
her.Majefiie, and hisDefire in generall for the Confervation of this Alliance,
that he wold fuller nothing to be innovated, which might tend to any Aliena-
tion of that Amitye which thefe two Crowns did enjoy, to the mutuall Re-
pofe of the Subjed:s of each State : Yet not to be vi^anting in my Duety, I
was bold to foUicit him, that in this Afl^emblie of Counfaill reiped: might be
had, that the Intercourfe of our Marchants Trade (which was the moft appa-
rent Finite of this Alliance) might not be abridged. He prefently faid, that
he receaved divers Complaints, that our Marchants did bring into this Realme
ilich Marchandizes of Clothes as were deceitfully wrought, and not toUerated
to be fold in England: And though, for redrefs of that Abule, he had made
anOrdonance conformable to our Statutes, yet we did oppofe our felves againfl
y t. He faid, his purpofe was not that any thing fliould be innovated, but did
defire that our Trade Ihould be continued, and yet his Subjects not deceaved.

" lan^

Book IV. Mr. Wj N vvoodV Negotiation in France. 335

" I anfwer'd, that thofc Informations did proceed from tlic Drapicrs Tira^ants An. i()Oi,

" at Rouen, whole particular Game was intcrefted in this Cafe; who did dcfire

*' for dieir private Lucre, to have a Monopohc of Cloth-working amongft thctn-

*• Icivcs. I praicd that the Chaufctiers and 'Dr afters-, who fold in retail, mif^ht

" be heard, who would ihew thcNecefTity of our £'?/^////7 Trade for thepubliquc

" Good of hisSubjefts. Yt was convenient, I laid, that our Marchants tradc-

" ing within his Rcalme, lliould conform themlelves to the Obedience of his

" Laws; but this Ordonance was no Reglement, but a Banifhment of Clothes,

" cnjoyning an ImpoHibility not to be performed. He referred me for farther

" Anfwer, untill he fpake with Monfieur de Villeroy: And then he lightly

" touched the Complaints of MonHeur de Botfijfe, for the which, he faid, fome

" fpeedy Redrefs muft be made for the good of both Realmes ; wherein he was

■" afTured, that he fhould find her Majeltie as willing as himfelf

At my retorn to this Towne I went to Coriflans, where Monfieur de Villeroy
then was, to fhcw him the Atteflation under the Seal of our Admiralty, (which
1 Tent for from Rouen) of fuch their SubjecSts who had receaved Juflicc. " I prai-
" ed him to perule yt, whereby he fliould perceave that our Juflice was nor fo
" faulty as he enformed. He wold not vouchfafe once to behold yt, faying, he
" was liifficiently enformed what our Juftice was, and whatfbever this Attefta-
■" tion did containe, yN2S>\y\xidesContes. I replied, that it was an authenticall In-
" ftrumcnt, and alegall Teftimony, not to be excepted againft in any Court of
" Juftice. He faid, he weld derogate nothing from the Faith of their Ambafla-
'• dor, who had often enformed them, that no Juftice at all was done to their
" Subjedis. I prefTed him to declare himfelf, whether he fpake figuratively,
" that not fo much Juftice had ben don as was required, or plainly, as the Words
" did importe. He anfwered, he fpake plainly; confidently afTuring, that tho'
" fome Sentences had ben given in favour of their Subjects, yet not one had ever
" ben put in Execution; andwithall he faid, (and fo willed me to write) that
" the King did afTure himfelf, and fo they did all, of herMajeftie's princely Care
" for the Adminiftration of Juftice ; and upon that Aflurance the King wold
" write unto her, and '^Q.\f., how much rhofe Minifters, whom flie did depute to
" determine thofe Caufes, did faill of that Duery which was required of them ;
" and did not doubt but her Majeftie wold provide for hereafter, to moderate the
" Licenceof her Admiralty, which now made no difference between Friend and
" Foe. To this I faid, that he knew well the Courfe of her Majeftie's Govern-
•' ment, That Jhe ever yet was the Mafter in her own 'Dcmhiions, and did look
" to be obeyed \ nether had Jhe tifed any other means to con/erve her States in
*' thofe Termes as now they Ji and, then by knowing her felf how to command,
" and by teaching her Minifiers to obey. For the Liberty of her Navy, I faid,
" fo long as fhe was in Warr with the Spaniards, yt was necefTary for her Safe-
" ty to ftand upon her Garde: She had no Frontier Townes as the King had in
*' France; the Sea was the IDitch, her Navie the Walles of her State, which
-' ever were to ftand ready in Senttnelle, to meet with the'DeJfeignes offo
" great an Ejtemye. He faid, for that, her Majeftie might ever commaund the
" King's Ports and Navie for her Defence. I anfwer'd, Jhe wold thankfully re-
" ceave any kind Office from fo good a Friend, but yt toiicheth too ne ere the
" Confervation of her State, to vallew her felf of any more Forces then her
" owne. I after fpake unto him for the Moderation of this Arreft againft our
" Marchants zx. Rouen, upon thofe Reafons, which often before I have alleaged
" unto him; concluding, that this Ordonance was a Lawe rather befitting the
" Commonwealth (?/Plato, then the Tolicye either tf/ England or France. His
" Anfwer was fhort, That nothing fliould be changed; That this Arreft was
" extracted out of our Lawes of England; That the only Refpeit to her Maje-
" ftie, and no other Confideration, had made them forbear from Confifcation of
" our Clothes thefe many Moneths ; wherein they had fhewed more Favour,
" then their Merchants find in England.^ to whom Extremity is ufed without Ju-
" ftice.

This

jMt.WinwoodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

This is the fume of the Speech I had with him. That which makes him thus
peremptory at this time,is theAdvertizement lately come fromMonfieur </^i?(jf/>
ptt out oi Spayne, that the King there, the x;* of the laft, hath confirmed the
Veace with great Solemnity^ and many T'rotefiations of his infinite'T>efire ever
to maintaine it; at which time he prefented Monfieur de Rochpott with aChaine
of 4000 Ducats. But this fo great Keindnefs doth com many Moneths after the
King here hath fdvorn the ^eace; and after he hath failed of all his Attempts.,
againfl Marfeilles-, Metz, and Sedan.

This AfTembly of Counfaill is diffolved. They will not be kno wen of any Re-
folution, which mufl: be made, as they faie, to Monfieur Commartyn, who doth
retorn to Vervin, to meet with the Deputies of the Archduke. The States A-
gent doth fear, that they are refolved to give free Liberty of Trade for their Sub-
jeds into the Archduke"?, Partes ; which if the States ftiall fuffer, will much wea-
ken their Strength and Reputation, and yf they lliall impeach it, the King here
will firft openlie abandon them, and banifli them from Commerce within his
Realme. I beleech your Honor to be inflrudted, whether I Jhall fit downe by
this T)ifgrace for the rejeBing of this atithentique Lift otit of the Admiraltye
as a Faljety, or whether I Jhall advoizi the Juftification and Truth of it.

Madam the King's Sifter, and the Duke of Lorraine, are expedited here within
few Days. I beleech likewife to be inftrudted, what Complements I ihall per-
fourme towards her from her Majeftie. Ax. Monceaux I did Ipeake with Monfieur
de Rohan, to whom I faid, " that fom Daies fince I had receaved Command-
" ment to vifit him from her Majeftie, and fo entered into Speech with him of
*' the Letter; which he denieth ever to have feene, and holdeth his Honor much
" wronged, that liich a Falfetie fliould be addrelTed unto him. At his comming
*' toTaris, he wold ufe his beft means to dilcover the Authour, to which pur-
. *' pofe he ufed much Speech. But I praied him to fpare that paines, her Maje-
*' me was allured that it was not divulged by his Privity, yet Ihe cold not, for
" the Affedlion Ihe doth bear to him, (and ever hath done to his Houfe) but let-
" him kno we, that a great Indifcretion was committed, that fi infa?nous a Li-
"■ bell ftoould pihliquely be proclaimed, and fpread abroad into all parts of the
*' World. He praied me earneftly to intreat your Honor, in his Name, to af-
*' liire her Majeftie of his humble and dutefuU Service, and that ever he will re-
*' member with moft gratefuU Devotion, the great Honor he lately receaved
" from her." The Princefs of Orange doth very humbly kils her Majeftie's
Hands, with Acknowledgment of the great Obligation of Duety and Service
which her whole Family (de pere en fils) doth owe unto her. For whofe perpe-
tuall Prefervation, in Highnefs of Honor and Happinefs of Content, her Prai-
ers fliall never be wanting, with that Service which Ihe in that Court lliall be able
to perfourme. And fo, tSc.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

il/r.Winwood, 29* June 1601.

I Would have anfwered divers of your Letters before this tyme, but that our
Relblutions depended upon the fending away of Mr. Edmondes ; by whome
her Majeftie hath thought it not amifs, exprejfely to remember to the King, his
ill Re quit all; the rather, becaufe it may appear to him, that you have done no-
thing, ex motu repentino or proprio, but by the T>ire6iion you have had from
her Majeftie, and not from her Minifters. In the Particularities of his Imploy-
ment, diverfe things be anlwered which your Letters have required, elpecially
all things belonging to thefe Contentions which difturbe the Trafficq. You ihall
therefore by this Letter, only receave an ajfurance of all good Approbation in

her

Book IV. Air.WimvooDsNegotiatio?2mTrance. 337

her Ma/ejf/e of your Endevours ; wherein make this Accompr, that I both have, yjjj i<joi.
and will pcrfornic towards you, all the good Ofliccs that I can.

The Letters which have proceeded from the Duke oi Bracciano^ arc anfvvcrcd
particularly by an e)q)reis Mcffenger fcnt to Florence. They do concern a Ship
taken at Sea by an Engiiflo Ship, in which Caufe he is altogether abufcd by the
Marchants ; for he is made beleevc, that the Goods do belong to Florentines,
whereas they arc proved to be laden in Lisbon, upon the accompt of Tor tin-
galls; and only Ibught to be carried away by a Pretext, that they fhould have
appertained to Tortingalls dwelling at Tija, pretended to have become Deny-
ians to the Duke of Florence. Under which Collor, the Tluke hath moft unjuft-
ly flayed all the Subjedts of England, before Jufticc demanded, or denied ; being
pofTefTed with an Information, that the Ship laden with Sugars was ketched hard
oy his Porte by Ibme Englijh Ship that had ben in Legorn fome three Days be-
fore ; where now it appeareth full well, that the Englijh Ship had never ben
there, nor neerer within the Straights than Valencia, upon which Coaft that
Ship was taken. And further, (whereby the Injury is the greater,) this Man of
Warr was fent into the Straights to this only end, that where two or three Py-
rates were complained of to range in the Straights Seas, (againft whom her Ma-
jellie had made many Proclamations,) this Ship Ihould take them all by Force,
and bring them home to anlwer Juftice. A matter therefore very far from Indif-
ferency, to take that from that Ship which llie had gotten from an Enemy, efpe-
cially when in the fame Seas dayly her Majellie's Merchants are taken, to what
Port foever they are going. But I will herein draw out my Letter no further,
becaufe her Majeftie hath written at large to the Duke of Florence in this Cafe.

As concerning the comming over of the Turk's Meffinger, her Majeftie doth
very well allow your Dilcretion in feeking to hinder the fame. The Letter only
contained an Advertizement of the Turks Vidtories at Temifwar ; whereof for
myne owne fart, I had rather the ^leen did bake the Anfwer, then ftit her
felf to the ^ieflion between her Tolicy and her Chriftianity. Always , I
hope, you find it fo in your Power to manage the Caufe, as the Meflinger may
not take it any Affront. And thus, referring you for all things els to the Cor-
relpondency which I know Mr. Edmondes will hold with you, I comraitt you to
God.

From the Court, ^c. Tour loving Friend,

RO. CECYLL

Since the Arreft of the Merchants, another Englijh Ship, commanded by one
Captain Gijford, hath been arrefted m Florence , OiXidi all her Men put into the
Galleys, for no other then this ; That Gijford meeting an Argoufye within thole
Straights bound for Sfayne, with whom one of thofe Pyratts was fighting, he be-
ing meerly ignorant that it was a Pyratt, joyned with him and tooke the Ar-
goufye, being altogether laden with Spanijh Goods, carried her into the Port of
Ligorne, leaving the Pyratts Company when he knew what he was, and yet is
there proceeded withall as abovefaid.

I have fent you a Letter for the Duke of Bouillon from Sir Rchert Vernon ;
whereby it may appear, how much the Recommendation of hisEftate hath wroa 'ht
in the Queen's Mind towards him j whom ihe hath pardoned Lyf, Land, Liber-
ty, and Ranfome.

Hrrt MrM>^m-

338 MnWinwooi^i's Negotiation inlrance. BooklV.
^u. 1601.

A'fr. Winwooci io Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts i ^ July, iGox. O. S.

BY the returne of Monfieur la Fomitaine, your Honor doth underftand the
Difpofition of this Court, both for the Pretences whereon they ground
their Greevances, and for their Defyre, (which they protefl; to be great) for the
Prefervation of this Amytie. Since I have been vifited with a violent Fievre,
which caufed me the lafl Week to intermitt my courfe of wrycing. Now upon
Recovery of my Strengthe, I prefume to folhcit your Honor , that that Diffe-
rence, which yet dependeth between Monfieur l^c- Boifijfe and her Majeftie'sCom-
miffioners for the Adminiftration of Jullice towards the King's Subjeds, may be
cleared: For the verifying of that P-Ccord, (whereof in m^y Jau: I fent an Extract
to your Honor) will cut off all occafion of calumnious Obloquy. This lad
Week the Counfeli did aflemble agayne about Maritime Affairs, where Mon-
fieur de Chattes was called. I find by him, that they which hold themfelves
mofl agreeved, are Monfieur de Sourd'mc the Governour of Breji, and de Ltifan
Captaine of the Scottijh Cards, and Governour of Bh/;^e upon the River of Ga-
ronne: A Man too well knowen, for the Violence of his Paflion, and hard
Traitement of our Marchants which trade at Eotirdeaux.

Yefterday Monfieur de Chattes came to my Lodging, and brought with him
Monfieur de VUliars, Governor of New Haven ; who complaineth, that now,
in this lad Monetb, a Ship wherein he hath great Intereft, returning from Teru,
charged with Merchandifes to the Eflimate of xoooo Crowns, was taken by tow
Shipps appertaining to her Majeftie, whereof one is called the Craen, not far
from Conqueft in Britany, and carried into Efigland. They both prayed me to
recommend the Caufe to your Honor, to whom Monfieur de Vill'iars will wryte
particularly ; in whofe Favour (for the Curtefie which heretofore he hath recea-
ved from you in thofe Caufes wherein he hath ufed your Honor's Affiftance,
which he acknowledgeth with great Grateful Inefs) he doth repoie an afiured
Confidence for prefent Redrefs. The Complaint, I underftand, is come to the
Knowledge of the Counfaill, and is hotly taken, that inch a Wrong fhould be at-
tempted within their own Ports by Ships of her Majefties: Which, they fay, can
receave no other Interpretation, than of an open and profefled Breache of the
Alliance between the tow Crowns. The King hath written particularly of this
Caufe to his Ambafi~ador, and the Admirall to my Lord Admirall. Your Honor
will be pleafed to confider the Means thofe Governors of Port Towns have, both
to do good and evill Offices, not only for the Interconrfeof otir Merchants! raf-
jick, but for purpofes of greater Conjequences\ whereof occafion hath been, and
hereafter may be often frefented.

I have receaved an Advertifement, by means of a Fleamijlj Marchant, who
long hath lived in Florence in great privytie with the Duke, that there is a Re~
folution taken between the King of Spaine and the Tope, to a£if the Rebells
in Ireland with Men and Money before the end of this Sommer. The Great
T)uke hath been dealt with to contribute to that ptrpofe, but he hath refuied,
excufing himfelf upon the extraordinary Charges which the Army of Spayne in
Italy hath caufed him to beftow, for the Defence of his own Territorys.

The King, the beginning of the lafl Week, went to Chalons to meet his Si-
fter; but upon an Indilpofition of her Husband, who is fallen into an Apoplexie,
her Jorney was ftayed for fome few Days; notv/ithflanding this Night ^-it is
lookt for in this Town. The Queen yeflerday went from hence to St. Ger-
mai7is, and this Day the King. Here is Ipeeche, that from thence they will
both go to Bloys. But the Madames of Nemours and Gnife, have made a Re-
queft both to the King and Queen, to be excufed from their Attendance in that
place; but the King hath anfwered, That fit h they make no Covfcience to goe to
Saint Clou, they need not be fo fcrupilous to goe to Bloys. \ltxQ arrived lafl

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooBs Negotiation in France. 33^

VVeekc two AmbafTadors from Saxony and Savoy, both to congratulate the Mar- ^//. 1601.
riagc. ^

There was lately executed at Venice, one Jofiph 'Donati, a Senator of the
Counlaill de 'Pregadi., who was found to hold Intelligence wich the Spaniard ■smA
the Pope, (being penfionarie to them both) to whom he did communicat the Se-
crets of their State, and their Relolutions in Counlaill He was difcovered by a
Boy, who was the ordinary MelTenger between him and the Spanifl:) AmbalTa-
dor who refideth there.

Of this Army in Italy, (which is laid wholly to be difTolved) 7000 are pafTcd
through Lorraine, and by this tyme are ready to returne to the Archduke. Wc
diicourle of nothing ellc in this Court but the Siege o'i Berke, and the Archduke''^
Preparation to befiege Ofiend. Yf your Honor lliall be plealed to fpeak to Mr.
Dr.Cafar, that from his Regiflcr I might receavean Ab(tra6t of the Proceedings'
in French CMxits, with Realons, when they are refuled their Demands, I fliould
be better able, on alTured Grounds, to give Satisfadion to the Kiu'j and hisCoun-
faill, and flop the Clamours of the Multitude , which is bellua multonim Cap-
turn.

Here is one fent over by Monfieur de Boifijfe, called la Motte, who flieweth
himfelf in his mofi: lively Collours; though he be every way a contemptible
Companion, yet I befeech you, that he may no longer abufe your Honor's Fa-
vours, whereof, by his Carriage, he maketh himfelf altogether unworthy.

Madame is now arrived, and with her the Duke o'i Lorraine : This Night
they are both entertained at Zametz Houfe. And fo, ®f ,

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, 2.^ July 1601. O. S.

'I ''HIS Letter came to my Hands this Morning from Mr. Brisket, who by
J^ his hard Fortune remains ftill Prifoner at Thlonville. Thoughe I think
y t conteynes no great matter, yet I thought good to fend it by this Bearer, who
hath other Letters for your Honor, and of purpofe doth take this Jorney for to
procure his more Ipeedy Enlargement. We underftand that the Jorney of Blois
doth hold, whether the Counfaiil doth fett forward upon Munday next. Ma-
dame and the Duke oi Lorraine, this Afternoon, are gone to St.Germayns. And
fb I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is 15-* Julyx6o\. O. S.

TO accompany thofe which your Honor fliall receave from Mr. Edmonds,
I may not omit to advertize, that fmce my laft, (wherein I made mention
of a Refolution taken between the Tope and the King of Spayne, to fend pre-
fent Supphes to the Rebells in Irelande,) I have ben enformed, both by Letters
which frefhlie are com out of Sfaine, as alfo by a Scottijh Man, and one Ri-
chard Ball an Jrijh Man, Servant to Richard Stainhurji, who remayneth
with the Archduke, (who for that purpofe hath there ben employed, and from
thence by this Towne retorned the laft Weeke to Brujfels :J That at their De-
parture

3 4o jMr. Winwood'j Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. i6ot. parture from thence, there were 4000 Men in ReadinefTe to be imbarqued for Ire-
^ land, the which the King here giveth forth, to be already landed there. The Se-
cretary of Florence, within theie few Dayes, by Letters which he hath receaved
from hi Mafler, hath advertized me of fome higher T>ejfeign projedied in
Spayne, rather aymmg at time to come, then at any prefent Innovation in our
State, more then this ; that not to fuffer the Rebells in Irelande, for want of
their Affifiance, to render up them fe Ives into due Obedience, muft needs ad-
vance all Enterprizes that hereafter they Jhall undertake.

Of the Affaires here, I can more eafily deHvef iii what Termes they were be-
fore Mr. Edmonds'^ Arrival! hither, then in what State they now ftand. For as
his coming is well interpreted on all partes, being a demonftrative Argument of
her Majeftie's Defire of the intertainment of this Amitye; fo her Refolution ever
to maintaine her Honor, and not to abandon her Subje^s to their intended In-
dignities, doth bring them to a more true underflanding of themfelves, and to
the Acknowledgment of thofe good Offices receaved from her^ which without
fome Admonition, they wold be content to forget.

The laft Weeke, Monfieur de Gieury, one of the Secretaries of State, (upon
Complaint exhibited by one of Britanny, for a Shipp which he pretendeth to be
taken from him by ibme Englijh, and carried to Flujhing in the Year 85,
where the Goods were Ibid, as he alleageth, by the Appointment of the Earle of
Leicefter, who then commanded in thofe Parts,) difpached Letters of Mart a-
gainji all Englilli ; which fence, upon better Advifement he hath called in and
cauled to be cancelled.

Monfieur de Sourdiac hath long importuned the Counfail, to be releived by
Letters of Mart. He is appointed to inftrud: Monfieur de Meffie in his Caufe,
who mull make Report thereof to them, and accordinglie they will determine.
By which Courfe, Monfieur de Sourdiac is like to obtaine his Defire, when he
may alleage what may advantage his Caufe, without Oppofition. Thofe poore
Men of ours who here are Suters, do yet find final Comfort. Thillipes, (the
Execution of whofe Letters of Mart, as he enformeth me, was Itaied upon Mon-
fieur de Boififes Letters, aud promife to the Lords, that the King would give
prefent Order to Monfieur de St. Luc for his Satisfadion) at his firft coming,
receaved good Words from Monfieur de Villeroy, but after, was fent over to the
Chancellor, and from him retorned to Monfieur de Villeroy, whom I have twice
follicited in his behalf; lliewing the Juftice of his Caufe, the long time that he
hath Ipent, and the Expence that he hath made, to his utter Ruine, in following
the Sute ; that his Neceffity was growen fo extreme, that longer to delay hinij
was to deny him Juflice. Yet I cold never get other Anfwer, but that he muft
have Patience, and attend till he had Leiflire to move the King, and the King
Monfieur de St. Luc. What Meafure of Jullxe Allen hath found in his Caufe,
recommended by the Lord Treforer, and now two Years in PrOcefle before the
Commiflioners at Rouen, (wherein it is faid the Ambafi"ador doth magnifie the
Juftice o{ France) by this incloled will appear; wherein Sentence and Executi-
on hath ben given agaiuft the two Captains, both not worth 40 Ducats in Goods
or Credit, the liquid Sume of the Depredation being proved to amount to 9000/.
But the premier Prefident of Roi'ien, being follicited to proceed againft the Ow-
ners of the Ship, and the Vittaillers, (as we accuftomarily proceed in England)
refufed, without exprefs Commandment from the King, or Letters from Monfieur
de Villeroy, to whom I remonftrated this Proceeding, and praied him to wryte to
the Commiffioners ; which at firft he refufed, but in the end, promifled to write
in general], that Juftice might be done, but wold not particularize in what forme ;
which was he faid, to teach them their Duties, which in Difcretion he wold not
committ. The Caufe of our Marchants at Roiien doth yet depend before the
Counfaill, the Iffue whereof, doth lye in the Mouth of the Reporters; which
cannot expert any favourable Succejfe, before Judges, that hold it a "Derogation
from their Wifdoms to retra6i what once they have decreed. In this Confufion,

Book IV. il fr.Wi N w'oohs Ncgotiatioti in France. 3 4 1

Mr. FJmotids diil find our Aflaircs; which before his Retorn, there is great Hopes y^n. i6r>i.
he ihail leave in better Falhion.

The Voiat^c of Blois, fence the King's Rctorne from St. Germaynes^ is bro-
ken upon the Counlail of the Phifitions, who Ihewe the Danger that may ar-
rive to the Queen, travailing in her eighth Moncth ; and upon the Inftancc of
thole Ladies, who do perlcvcrc to protcfl; againll; that Place, fountaineblcau., a
bale Village, fliall have the Honor of the Queen's Delivery ; for that Tlacc
"jnhere a "DaHp})hi is born, by anticnt Trivileage doth challenge an Exemption
of all IwJ^o fit ions for three Tears.

Tojton hath receaved the Tanchart, and the Towne of Toytiers hath com-
pounded for zcoo Ducats the Year. The Towns in Gafcoigne and Gttienne, do
yetrefufe; but the King hath lent the Mavcfchal Biron, iMonficur leGrand-, and
Marefchal iy Ornano., (who have raofl Credit in thole Partes) to induce them
by fair Means, without Compulfion to receave it. Zamctz is condemned to be
the Man, that per fwaded the King fo generally to demand this violent Exaciion.
The King, the more cdllourably to drawe them to undergoe this Yoke, dbthpro-
mife to exad; it but for three Years ; but it is too f-^eet a Revenew, once imfofed,
ever after to be abolijhed.

Madame-, the King's Sifter, hath had a great Misfortune fmce her Arrival!.
The Night after the Day of her comming to this Town, ilie being gon the After-
noone to St, Germains, her Houfe fell on Fire, a great Part thereof is defaced,
and much of the beft Houfehoid-StufF fpoiled. Yt is doubtfull, whether the
Fire came by Chance or by Defleigne ; but that which encreafeth the Sufpicioh
of the latter is, that the Fire began on the Roof of the great Halle, where the
Preaching was wont to be excercifed.

I have fatisfyed the Turkijh MefTenger, by anfwering, that her Majefty fl:iould
iliortly have occafion, to write about fora Affaires of her Marchants, when Jhe
wold acknowledge the Receipt of thofe Letters ; and by an Atteftation under my
hand, (which he required, for his particular Difcharge to the Bajfa of Belgrade)
that i receaved thofe Letters and lent them to her Majeftie. .

The Duke of Bouillon doth with much Thankfullnefs, acknowledge the gene-
rous Favour which her Majeftie hath ben pleafed to lliowe to Sir Robert Vernon
at his humble Requeft; as more at large he will himfelf deliver by his Lettersj
at Mr. Edmonds"?, Retorn.

This MefTenger being ready to depart, Charles Taget came to my Lodgings,
and informed me of an AdvertifTement which lately he hath receaved from Bruf^
fels^ That one Thomas James, a hard anddefperate Ruffian, who hath lived in
great Inwardnefs with Tarfonsxht Jefiiite, by whom he hath ben imployed in
Spayne, and frdm thence lately is come to the Archduke to Brujfels, where he
hath ben treated with extraordinary kindnefs, and countenanced by Baldwin and
Owe7i, is prefently to be difpatched into England. Upon what particular Ser-
vices he knows not, but fuch as he holds frejudiciall to our State. He defcribes
him to be of a convenient Stature, red beard, of the Age of Forty five Years,
born in Stafordjhire at a Town called iVfii)'^//, bred up in London, where fome
time he was Aprentice. I thought it my Duty to fend this, as foon as I did re-
ceave yt. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's^ Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Sfff Mr. Winviood

342 Mr.WiNwoooV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An.t6ot.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll.

ftight Honorable^ Tar is, 1.0^ Augufi 1601. O.S.

UVQ^ Monday lad I went to Monfieur de Mejfe^ (de Villeroy being
with the King, who the Fryday before did go to Vernueil) to foJIicite
that the Declaration which was promifTed to moderate the Rigout of the Arreft^
might be difparched ; " prefuming, (as I told him) that they fome Daies fince
" hadreceaved Advifc from 't\\Q premier Trefident of Rouen, whereupon they
♦* pretend the faid Declaration ihall be grounded. But he anfwered, that x\\& pre-
" mier Trejident had not yet fent his Opinion, or yf he had, it was only in
*' the Handes of Monfieur de Villeroy , who by reafon of his Ablence, could not
*' communicat it to the Counfaill; but fo foon as they ihould receave yr, with-
" out delay or more difficulty, yt fhould be difpatched. By which manner of
Proceeding it doth appear, that they have no purpofe to publifli this Declaration,
before they fhall underftand what Refolution her Majeftie will take, ether in ac-
cepting or refufihg their Overture for determining the Differences for Depredati-
ons. Of Monfieur de Rochpot their Sfanijh AmbafTador, we hear nothing
more, than that a Courricr who pafTed lately from Spaine to the Archduke, did
delivery that he left him at Valladolid, where his People remaine yet in Prifon.
* The Quarrell did arife, that certaine Spaniards, reprehended in inarp Language
the French, for bathing themlelves, and fhewing tneir Bodies naked upon the
Banks of the River in uncivill Sorte, after the Falhion of their Country, in the
Prelence of the People ; the which the French not brooking, the Night afrer
finding the fame Parries with many more walking by the Rivers fide, fbddainly
aflailed with their Weapons, and flewc two of them, whereof one was a Prieft,
The generall Opinion is that this Matter will be pafTed over^ the rather, becaufe
the King in open Speech, doth not forbear to condemne the Ambaflador's Peopell
of much Infolencie, and himfelfe of no lefTe Indifcretion in the Carriage of this
Adion. As for the Defences which are made for Traffique hereafter into
Spaine, they are but private, without publique Authority, and fo as eafiiie may
be recalled ; and befides, this is rather the Pretext then the Caufe, being a thing
which heretofore often hath ben debated} as in my former to your Honor I have
advertized.

The Duke of Lenox hath had his firfl Audience at St. Germains, where fell
out a little Difcontent between him and the Bifliop oiGlafcoe, who moved that
Balladyn his Affiflant might be prelent at the Audience, which the Duke refufed.
After Audience, the Billiop retorned to Taris without accompanyeng him to the
Queen, whom he did not fee before the Day after. Upon Thur/day lafl:, the
Duke had his Second Audience at Zametz Houic, from whence the Bifliop ex-
cufed himfelf There, whether by the Inconfideration of young Gondy, or
for want of due refpe6t, the Duke attended and walked the better part of two
Howers, before any one came to take notice of him ; and at his Retorn from his
Audience, he found fbme of his Pages beaten and all bloody, whom the Kino's
had treated in that manner. I underftand, he doth follicite, that an Amba/Iadot
may be fent to refide with the King, for which purpofe, one Baron de la Tour,
Son in Law to Monfieur de Gondy, is named ; and that the Privileages which this
Crown hath antiently given to that Nation, may be revived ; and namely, for
himfelf he doth defire, to be invefled in the State of'the Captainefliipp of 100
Men at Arms, whereof the laft that was poflefTed, was the Earle of Arran ;
who being found guilty of the Confpiracy of Amboife faved himfelf by flight,
and fence, that Eflate hath lyen dead. The Duke hath retourned Sir James Sim-
ple into Scotland; he doth take the way o^ England. He is defirous his Coun-
treymen fhould beleeve, that \q hath much Credit and private Intelligence in her
Majeflie's Court, f The King upon Monday lafl from Vernueil, took Pofl to-

vide Mathieu Cronologio Sepenahe, pag ijr, a-c. Strresgjl.
t AUmoirti de SifUy, Vol. 3, cb,.4. pag. 30, 31, cp-f.

ward

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooD's Negotiation inVmnce. 343

ward Calais, accorapanycd with the Marfliall Biron, Ballagiiy, Duke de Egnil- An. \Go\.
Ion-, Count of AuviTgne-t Mcfficurs de Gieury and Villcrqy. The Motion was •
ibddainc, for on Soiiday Night the Queen rcccaved Letters from him, tliat he
would meet her the Night after at Corbeill^ upon her way to Fountainbkau^
whether flic is gon to attend her DeHvery. The King did lend to the Duke of
Bouillon to follow after him, who yeflerday departed from hence. Whereupon
he fcnt for mc, and told me, the King was gon to Calais, without means or pur-
pofc ro give any A/Tiftancc to Ojiend: But he had reccaved Intelligence, that
Count Maurice wold do his utmofl: Endeavour to remove the Siege ; which if
he cold effed, the King did hope it wold breed fome Alteration in thofe Partes,
'whereof be wold be ready at hande to make his moji p)-ofit. The Duke promifed
me, that if any thing fliould fall out worthey of herMajefties Underflanding, he
wold write with Diligence to Mr. Edmonds. doth afTure me, that

the King hath lent for Barnevelt, to meet him there. His purpofc is, prefently
upon his Arrivall to Calais to write to the Archduc, not to find his ccmraing
flrange, for that he is come only to fee his Frontier Townes, which long he had
projected, but cold not untill nowe find fit Opportunity.

I lend to your Honour, the Anfwers to the Grevances, wherewith Monfieur
de Boijijfe doth pretend their Marchants to be furcharged ; whereby it will ap-
pear, the Wrong that TaJJion may do to the Judgment and T^ifcretion. Yf it
fliall be thought Convenient, that the CommilTioners deputed for Matter of De-
predation, may be authorized to take knowledge of the Grevances which the
Subjects of each Crown can pretend ; your Honor fliall be freed from the trouble
of many frivolous, yet clamorous Complaints ; and her Majeftie's Marchants re-
leived from many incoUerable Exadions, which lately have ben, and daily are
impoled upon them. I have fent to Mr. Edmonds a Coppie of the fame, that he
may communicat the Anfwer to our Marchants in London who Trade there.
The Duke of Lenox departeth to morrow into Berry to fee his Mother, who
dwelleth not far from Burges. Here .arrived the laft Week a Nuncio from the
Tope, to refide here; and this Week Monfieur de Betunes, did fet forward in his
Ambalfage towards Rome. The Ambaflador of Venice hath much importuned
me to recommend particularly to your Honor, a Venetian Gentleman his Ne-
phew, who doth defire to fee her Majeftie's Court, and to have the Happinefs to
kifs her Hands. I cold hot refufe his Inftance, wherein I humbly crave to be ex-
cufed. Andfoj ^c,

. Tottr Honor's, dec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Afr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Uight Honorable, Taris, ta^^Auguji i6ox. O.S.

IHave been often and earneftly entreated by the Ambafiador of Venice
who refideth here, to recommend to your Honor's Favour this Gentleman,
Marco Jujiiniano, his Nephew, and defcended out of one of the principall Fa-
milies of that Seigniorie : Who having accompanied him into France, (as he pro-
fefleth) Ihould be afhamed to returne into Italy, before he hath feen her Maje-*,
fty's Realme and Court; whofe Hands, by your Honor's Favour and Curtefie
yf he may have the Happineft to kifife, he will not only efteem it the greateft
Honor that he ever hath or Ihall receave, but aifb the greateft Comfort wherein
he fliall follaee the Courfe of his Age. I befeeche your Honor, at my humble
Requeft, to vouchfafe him this Favoui-, and to excufe my Prefumption, the
which would not fo far exceed the Bounds of modeft Difcretion, if the good of
her Majeftie's Service were not interefted therein. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOR
ik/r.Winwood

3 44 Mr. Win woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

All. 1601.

Mr. Secretary Cccyll to Mr. Winwood.
SIR, 2.1 A?- i6or.

BEcaule Mr. Edmonds will communicate with you his Difpatch, I referr you
to his Relation : Only I have thought good hereby to Anfwer your Re-
quelt for a greater Allowance. That firfl:, I hope the Ambaflador lliall not Jong
be abfent. Secondly, That your Entertainement cannot be encrealed but by a
new Privy Seal ; wherein yf I Ihould importune the beft Augmentation , it
would prove but loj. the Day; and when the Computation ihould follow what
that would prove to if you lliould continue two Moneths longer, I would be for-
ty but to make you better Advantage by pleading your Meritt lacking it, then
to procure it. And thus, defiring you flill to ufe your beft means to procure
me fome Perfon that Would live in S^aynet and there imploy himfelf in her Ma-
Jeftie's Service, I do end (only with that he lliould have fuch Reward as you
do think fit to promife him) .

Tour loving Friend^

RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Calais, %f^ Aug. x6q\. O. S.

(Refently upon my laft Difpatch by Mujfy, I hafted in fome Dilligence to
this Towne, though I had no purpofe to make fliew of my fejf yf I had
not found Mr. Edtnonds here, whofe Prefence did generally collour my coming,
and juftifie my being here. For Monfieur de Vllleroj, by many Letters which
he did write to his particular Friends at Tarls, did make yt known, that it would
be ofifenfive to the King that any Man fliould come, but only thofe whom by
Name he did expreflly call. I have not much now wherewith to importune
your Honor : I will ule my beft Care to give Satisfadlion to your Honor's Com-
maundment, for fome fit Perfon whom you defieigne to imploy in Spaine. For
the prefent, I remember, that by Appointment from Sir Henry Neville, I once
had Conference with a French Man to that purpofe, whom he in his Judgment,
did think very convenient for fuch a Service, and who at that tyme was very
vvilling to undertake it upon very reafonable Conditions. The Man is now ia
England, called by Name Lois Clcogna. With whom he is I cannot diredly en-
forme ; but your Honor may be enformed by Sir Henry Neville's, Son-in-law,
or by Sir Hemy Leonard, with whom he was in his Travails in Italy. The Man
is of good Underftanding in the Affairs of the World, and one that knows well
his own Country ; hath lived long in England, travaled in Germany, and moft
part of Italy. I think, unlefs his Condition in England be much better then I
can conceave it, he will hold himfelf highly advanced, to receavefrom your Ho-
nor this Imployment. But yf this fhall not fucceed, by Advertifement from your
Honor, I will endeavour to fend over unto you from Taris znoth^t Frencfi
Man, fo well qualiifyed in all points for fuch a Purpofe, as I prefume no Man
better ; though I have not founded his AfTeiSlions in this Particularity, but only
know that he is defirous to entertaine any convenient Service. I prefume it is
your Honor's Pleafure, that the Party whom you would employ ifiouid come
over fyrft to England; and fo I will lend this Man foon after my rerorne from
'Paris, if in the mean time I lliall not heare to the contrary. And fb acknow-
ledging the Comfort your Honor doth give me of the fpeedy Repayre of an
ArabafTador, and the Afliirance I hold in your honorable Favour, I lliall pafs over
the reft of my time with better Contentment.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.
Mr. Win-

Book IV. Mr >\s[ iii\yooD s Negotiation inYi:2inzc.

Mi\ Wlnwood to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Ri<rht Honorable, Calais^ \6oi.

rHE dayly Expcdancc o^ Mr. Edmonds's Rcturnc, did make us both for-
bcare to wrytc ; and now, tliat he doth rcturnc, yt were uiifeafonable for
hic to vvryrc any thing of the Affairs of this State, whereof by his Relation your
Honor Hiall in all points receavc ample and afTurcd Satisfadion. I now only will
acknowledge your Honor's particular Kindnefs towards me, lufficiently appro-
ved by many Favours, and clearly attcflcd by your lafl: Letters ; the which I
confcls to be fb great, as that without them I Ibould have funk long before this
tymc, under the Weight of lb heavy a Charge. The which, the moye unable I
know my felf worthy lie to difcharge, the more confidently I preiijme to follicitc
for the repayre of an Ambaflador ; whole prefcuce the Honor of herMaje(l:ie,and
the necelTity of her Service doth require, this being jnow her only Alliance; and
that, with a ^People drunken with the "Pride of their high Fortune, and who
in thei'r befi Sobriety are ambitions ever to be refpecfed, tho' ever carelefs
thernfclves to Jhew KcfpeB "nvhere 'tis duei expeBiug externall Ceremonie, tho^
matters of importance, and more necejfary, are difregarded. Untill her Maje-
ilie fliall be pleafed otherwife to difpoie of this Charge, your Honor's former
Promifc gives me boldnefs to befeech you to be a means for the Encreafe and En-
largement of my Provifion : That which this Year pafl I have had, being very
flreight and fparing, when my Occafions of Expence were not fo great, which
for the good of this Service, I have had, and fliall have caufe to enlarge. And
foj ^e.

Tonr Honor's, 8cc,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, Calais, idoi.

I Have thought good to advertize your Honor, that the King is determined to
part from hence to morrow, or on Thurfday ^t the furtheft. He returns in
Poft, and will make no ftay untill he arrive at Fountainbleau. The half of his
Officers departed on Monday from hence, and to morrow doth depart Monfieur
Villeroy. So Monfieur de Buzenval, whom they pretend to have fent for from
the States, and la Boderie from the Archduke, will come too late to fynd the
King here. He complaineth much agaynft the States, both of want of Refped;
towards him, and Care of their own Confervation ; that during the tyme he hath
been here, they have not advertifed him particularly of their Affaires, and what
Afi!urance they have to maintaine OJiend. The States Agents follicit the King
for fom Succours of Money in this tyme of their Neceffity , but he wiftied them
to be content with the looooo Crowns which they received the laft ^tt\^. The
Duke oiEguillon returned from the Archduke upon Satterday Night. By the
Relation he makes, the Armie is flenderly advanced, and in defpayre to gaine the
Towne. The Duke C)iElboeuf\v3Xki obtained leave of the King, to go to the Ar-
mie to fee the Duke d'Aumale, who departed yefterday , and this Day the Ma-
refchal Laverdin goeth thither. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

T 1 1 c Mr. Win-

Mr. Win wood'^ Negotiation in France. Book iV.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. S'ecretary Cecyll.
Jiight Honorable^ Calais^ i6oi.

YT may pleafe your Honor to underftand, that the King departed this Morn-
ing from this Towne. He dynes at Marqite/ij and ]yeth this Night at^o-
logn, from whence he will goe in poft to Fountainbleau. So that yt will be
more convenient for yix. Edmonds (yf he returne) to take the way ofDiepe-^
to which purpofe I have written unto him, and recommended the Letter to Sir
Thomas Fane, to be delivered to him at 'Dover ; though I may prefume to afTure
your Honor, f that the Affaire which here he hath negotiated hath his End :
The King's Affedion, which at the fyrft did feem violent for the Cohfervation
of OJIend, being upon the fodaine ftrangely relented and cafelefly extingiiiilied.
I have had fome Speech thereof with Monfieur de Villeroy^ and, iliewed, how
flrange her Majeflie would fynde this fo fodaine Retraidt; and that Jhe could hot
but hold her fe If to be mocked and her Minijiers ahufed, and could not interpret
in any good part thefe idle and fruit lefs 'T'roJe£is, which were it feems never
intended, or but caft forth, only to make triall what Jhe would or could do.
He anfwered not much, only that he underflood not, nor could give a Reafon of
thefe Falhions of the King's Proceedings, for which he was forry. Upon the'
Complaint which the Kinge made, that the States vouchfafed not to acquairit
liim with their Eftate , their Agent prefently dilpatched, that fome Ambaflador
be fent to the King. When the King departed, he commanded if any came he-
ther, to returne them. Letters are difpatched to de Buzenval, not to move
from thence. This Morning arrived the News of * Monfieur Chajiillon's Deathy
l>y a blow of a Cannon. We hear alio, that the Archduke hafh taken x^ Ships
of the States laden with Fiih. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, i%'^Sept. 1601.O.S.

Have not written fince my teturn ^rom Calais, becaufe the firll fliould bring
_^ the acceptable News of this Queen's happy Delivery, who was brought to
Bed this laji Night of a Sonn (between the Hours of ten and eleven) at Foun-
tainbleau. This is the greateft and rareft Bleffing that could arrive to this Crown,
and the only means, yf God Ihall prolong the Days of the King, to alTure the
Peace and Repoie of the Crown.

I have againe follicited, that the Declaration may be publiftied, which was late-
ly accorded upon iheArreJi for the Reglement of our Merchandizes of Clothes;
but Delay is made, and Excufe laied upon the premier Prefident ofRoiien, whofe
Advife they do not yet acknowledge to have receaved. I mufl acknowledge that
our Merchants are more courteoultie treated, without Impeachment of their Pri-
veleages, or Fear of Cdnfifcation of their Clothes ; but fo long as the Arreft fliall
remaine in the generall Termes, without a moderate Interpretation, they alwais
lliall (land at the Mercy of their Adverlaries, who do but watch an Advantage to
revive the Law to the Prejudice of their Trade. Monfieur de Mejfe doth pro-
mife, (becaufe to him the Caufe was committed) to procure a prefent Dilpatche.
He doth excufe himfelf from this Voiage into England, for the determining of
the Differences in the Caufes of Depredations, upon the Weaknefs of his Age, his

t;What thii Affmr was does not plainly appear by thefe Letters, but by fome Paffages in Ve S.'illy's Me-
moirs, (who was fent to negotiate it with the QueenJ and from Mr Winwood's Letter, pa^ 348. [ thinithat
fome Meafures were then propofed both for the Relief of Ofiend , and for an oifhifive Alltance againft
Sfain. V id. Memoires de Sully, Vol. 3. ch.4. pag. 31, 33, cc

* Upon the News of his Death the King declared, Que ce 'Jeune Seigneur avoit tant de bonnes a- bel-
les parties, qu'il n'en voyoic point de fan age G" de fa qualite dont les vtrttis fiffent ioncsvoir de ft hauies Hfpe-
■ffihces de Sully, Vol. 3. ch.4. pas.4i.

many

Book IV. ikir. Win vvoodV Negotiation in France. 347

many Services, and former Employments ill rcmcmbred and worfc rccompcn- y^n. KJo?-
fed; but cfpccially, (as Iccretly I am cnformcd) as alhamed to rctourn unto
her Majcflie, fearing that manet alta rnente rc^ojium-, their ntruvorthey pro-
cee(lh/{r tn their Treaty of '^Feace, v.'herein he was imp toyed towards her. Not-
wirhftanding lam pcrlwadcd, when the King lliall move the matter unto him,
(which yet he hath not don) he will not refufe to undertake it, the rather
now, hecaufc he iliall brmg with him the joy full Ty dings of the Birth of this
'Dauphin. Many in this Court forbear not to deliver, that if this Voiage ofQzr
Jais had ben nndcrtakeu with advifed IDeliberation., it wold have ben follow-
ed with a more ajfured Refolntion ; whereas nowe, their Friends have beti
mocked with 'Dcmonjlrations of Hopes without EjfeBs^ and they themfelves
fubjeBed to the Scorne of their Eftemies^ to whom they gave ju ft Caufe of'Jea-
loujie, without purpofe to harm: But the Performance of the Jorney doth dil-
cover the Kings AffeBion in his owHc natur all Inclination'., and the foddaine
retorncj the powrefull Hand that MonJiCur Villcroy doth hold over him.

OfMonfieur Rochepot this we hear, that five of his People (whereof his Ne-
phew is one) rcmaine ftill in Prifon, tho' to appaife the pourluite of thofe who
had civill Interefts in the Caufe, he hath disbourfed 2500 Crownes. He himfelf
hath taken leave of the King of Spaine for his retorne, and is before this tyme
at Bayone. Yt is faid, the King hath already nominated one Monfieur de Ba-
reau to fiicceed in that Ambaflage. For the Prohibition, which by particular
Governors of Ports w^as geven for Commerce into Spaine, it hath not hetherto
ben obferved ; and the King lately hath faid^ that at the Importunity of theMar-
chants in Brittany and Rochelle it muft be repealed, vvho without the Trade of
Spaine profefs they cannot live. The King hath bellowed lately upon the Mar-
qui/e, the Conttfe of Clairmont in Beauvoijm, within five Leagues oiVernemlki
which doth coflr him xfoooo Ducats. , Yt is thought he will ered; it into aDut-
chie for her. Yet now her Pride muft needs fall : Yt is not long fince that this
Queen did faie, that if/he brought a Son., /he then wold begin to be a ^teene ;
but if a daughter, fhe wifhed her Bed might be her Tombe.

Yt is intended that a Recherche fhall be made of all the Financiers in this
Realme. They fliall be proceeded againft only civilly, whereby Monfieur Rhof
my doth promife millions to the King's CofJers. Monfieur de Zancy doth follow
the Pourfuite againft them, who hath an Affignation of 80000 Ducats upon
thofe Summes that fhall be levyed from them. The Towne of Geneva fhall re-
ceave this Week 4x000 Crowns of their Debt; fo yt is to be hoped, that feeing
all their Creanciers receave in part Contentment, her Majejiie only fhall not
be negle6ted.

I have been diverfely advertized by Men of good Quallity, of Ibme Difcon-
tents conceaved of the Mar/hall^hovis Entertainment. Whether it proceeded
that at his landing at "Dover, the Officers demanded Money of his People, which
fome do report; or of a Letter which he himfelf did write unto the King on his
way to London, wherein he faith, Ma bourfe me fait beaucoup de bien. Car on
ne nous defraie point en Angleterre.

The Duke o^ Lenox is gon to take a Survey oi France. From Berry, where
his Mother doth dwell, he Went to fee Lions, and from thence is gone as far as
Marfeilles.

I have here dealt with one for Imployment into Spain • He is in all refpeEis a
very able Man, and moft willing to undertake it. For his Provifion, he doth
referr himfelf to your Honor's Favour and Difcretiou. Yf Mr. Edmonds cannot
be found, (or not found fit) I will take order that this Partie fhall be ever red-
dy at yoar Honor's Call. I hope his Service will give your Honor full Satif-
faction.

The Fleet of Italy which parted from Genua in July laft, whereof ^;^^r^^
Doria had the Command by Sea, and of the Service by Lande the Duke o^
'Parma, being before Algiers, (where they did purpofe to land their Men) by

a fo-

34^ ^r. WiHw6oD*^ Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Am i6ot. a fodaine Tempell is diffolved, and fome of their Gallies carried to Barcelona^
\.y"V^^ others to the iflands of Corjica and Majorca. And fo in hade, I humbly take

niy leave. a. *r » o

, Tour Honor j-, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwodd to Mr^ Secretary Cecyllo

Right Honorable, Tarts, r6'^ Sep. 1601. O.S.

TH E King came to this Towne on Monday laft, to congratulat with his
Miftrefs (,who now is neere alfo to her Time) the Birth of the "Dauphin.
Yeflerday he retorned to Fount a'mbleau ; and to morrow, in Honor of his great
Happineis, doth make oa foiemne Feaft to the Princes. The beginning of this
Wtt^ I went purpofely to fee the 'Dauphin : He is flrong, and a goodly Prince^
and doth promife long Life. There is only about him a Governefs over the
Nourfe, but Officers of State are not yet appointed, nor fliall not be, as the King
doth faie, fo long as he ihall be under the Tuition of Woemen. I have had late
Conference with (191) the Duke de Bouillon, about the Affaire which Mr. Ed-
monds did treate at Calais-., " whereof he doth aflure me, the King hath not Ipake
*' one Word fence his retorne from thence. Wherein, he faid, Ibme Error was
" committed; for their Ambaffador hath written, that he never made any fUch
" Tropojition, whereon that Forme of Negotiation might be founded. I
" anfwered, that '^li. Edmonds ,was fent to Calais, not upon that Conference
*' which Monfieur de Boijiffe held in private With him, but upon the Reiteration
*^' and Verify cation of the fame to your Honor, which likewife by his Letter
*' he did communicate to Monfienr de Buzenval, with advice, to impart the
*' Kin£ s good Intention to the States for their Confervation, which according-
«' ly he perfourmed. Upon this, he faid, that the King was jaloufe of her Ma-
" je file's Proceedings, which he termed doubt full and irrefolute : And that
*• from Spaine they lately had been advertized, that what Demonf ration Jb^^
ic i;ef Jhe doth make to the contrarie, Jhe doth defre nothing more then to have
*' her Teace. To this I replyed, that yf her Majefiie had not approved, by ve*
" ry roy all Effects, her relolute Care for the Confervation of 0^£';?</^ , yt wold
" now have ben out of Seafon to debate of Succours for the Reliefe of the
■'' Towne. As for thofe Advertizements which the King fliould receave, I faid,
' ' they were Artifices too palpable to take place, but only with them, who were
*' content to ferve themfelves of any Tretext: Confidering, that in the Negotia-
' ' tion of the Peace, in meafure as it proceeded, either the King was advertized
' ' by his Ambail'ador from the Mouth of her Majellie, or by her Miniflers, whom
" expreffly ilie fent truly to inform him. I remonftrated then unto him theCon-
" fequence of the Lofs oiOfiend, which he did apprehend to be no lefs then the
" Ruine of the States. But he faid, nether we here take it to be in danger,
" nether you in England, by relation of our Men which nowe come from thence.
So that ail the helpe the States can look for from hence, is their Praiers and
good Willies, and Liberty for fome Voluntaries to goe in their Service, yet a
la file, not in Troops, and fecretly without avowe. That which makes the
King fo fearfiiU to re-enter into theWarr, befides the Greedinefs of his Defire to
pafs the reftofhisdaies voluptuouflie in his Pleafures (which he will never aban-
don, though they abandon him,) is the guilt inefs of his own Confidence, re-
membring the refipeEilefis and uncivill Carriage towards her Majefite in the
Treaty of her Teace ; which makes him fear, that flie through En vie of Re-
venge, if once he were embarked againe in theWarr, woldpaie him in his own
Coyne ; make her Teace, and then behold with as fienfielefis RefipeB the Troceed-
ings of his Affaires, as now he doth tender Phe JVeall of her Stats. There

was

Book IV. Mr.WimYooD s Negotiation in'^rancQ. 34^

was an Opinion, that the King wold return into Tycardie, and keep his Winter /Jn. x6oi,
ix.Arn'iens., whether he alfigned the States to lend ibmc of their Body to come to
confer with him; but thatVoiagc is dadit, and the Court and Counlaill fliall aoe
and remainc ox Blots. The King himicif doth threten to go further 'mto'Poittotc
and Auveygue, and thofe more remote Parts, where the People are afl'cmbicd in
Armes about the 'Pancbarte, and a new Imporuion upon the Saltc, which they
rcfufc to rcccavc.

The Qiicen o'i Spaiite was delivered of a Daughter the twenty fccond of this
Moneth by their Style; in Joy whereof the Ambaffador Taxis., and Ayala the
Archduke's Agents nude Ficrs, and caufed fofnc Pieces of Cannon to be Ihot
off: , ,-.....

Upon Thtirfdaie the King leccavcd Letters from Spu'tne., that the Fleet that
was prepared to reinforce the Enterprilc oi Andrea 'Doria for Algiers, upon the
Defeat of that by Temped, was to be imployed, and is departed for Ireland.
And yefterday Monfieur de Vic from Calais doth advertize, that a Ship there ar-
rived from Spaine doth relate, that he left them upon the Irijh Coaft.

Of Monfieur de Rocbpot we look not to hear before he retorne. He depart-
ed long fincc fi'om Valadolid., where he hath left a Secretary to negotiate untill
the King lliall fupplie that place. Monfieur de Sillery is now with the Suijfers,
to renew their Alliance with this Crowne: They demand prefent and entire Pay-
ment of 1 5; 00000 Crowns, which is accorded. . The Baron olVignolle retorned
from England w^ow Wenfdaie lad, whom fence I have vifiited. He acknowledg-
eth the royall Entertainment wherewith lierMajeflie hath honored the Marefchal
Biron, and therein demonftrated the Sincerity of her Affedtion to this King and
his Crowne. Fpr himfelf he profefTeth all Devotion of Service for many graci-
ous Favours which her Majeftie.vpuchfafed him in particular, and acknowledg-
eth the Honor he feceaved frorri your Honor, by private Conference in your
Lodging. The King would prefer him to Monfieur de Chatillon's Government.
He is willing to accept of the Charge, wherein he fees much Honor may be pur-
chafed; but the Service which he hath vowed to a rich Miftrefs (Madame de
Monluc) doth hold him in fulpence, lintill he Ihall find his Service either recea-
ved or refufed. Notwithftanding the States had rather the Place fliould have ben
conferred upon Chatillon's Brother, who is very young of 12, or 13 Years, and
do pourpofe to follicite the King to leave them to the liberty of their Choice.

The Mariliall Biron is not yet retorned to thisTowne. Some Avant Coiirri-
eurs do report, that after his Departure froin London y there happened fome Broile
6n the waie between his People and the Inhabitants of fome oncTowne through
which he pafled. I am forry for the Report, which here is quickly receavedj
and lightly beleeved, but have reafon to be more forry if it prove trewe. Mon-
fieur de Beaumont maketh no great halte for his Voiage ; he hath long ben ia
the Countrey, and will not be in thisTowne tbefe 20 Days. The King lent Mon-
fieur de Mejfe this ^t^^ to the Spanijh and Scottijh Ambafladors, to advertize
them of the Birth of the 'Dauphin. To all other Reafons which he can alleadge
to avoide the Jorney into England this is not the lead, the Fear he hath that the
Chancellier (who is now fick) fhould dye in his Abfence. He hath hope to
fucceed him, but hath Monfieur de Sillery., a heavy Competitor. Now he him-
felf, upon fome Indilpofition, doth keep his Chamber. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor" St, &c.

RALPH WINWOOa

U u u u Mr- Seer 6'

Mr.WinwooDs Negotiation f/^Fraace. Book IV.

Mr. .Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

ii/r.Winwood, / ^OSfober^ 1601.

ALthough in praifing your diligence in ad vertifeing hither of all Occurrencesi
I muft a little accufe myne own Silence, yet I will not faile to do you
light; becaufe I know, you will alfo make that Interpretation of my forbearing
of late to anfwer you, which the multitude of my Bufyncfs, by the Interpofition
of Mx. Edmonds Imployement, and the Accidents of the Mariliall Biron's, aboade
in this Court, juftly deferve.

You fliall now therefore underfland, that for the Caufe conccrnirig the Reliefe
of Oftend, the Proceeding was according to your owne Reply contained in
your laflDilpatch, and therefore it fliall be to little purpofe for me to reiterate the
lame. For the Judgment which they pretend to make of the Stare o^OJiend, or
which they feem to colled out of fome in this place, you fliall do well to let it
fall. That yf the Opinion of this State fliall be concluded, according to the or-
dinary Difcourfes of fuch as pretend knowledg when they are moll ignorant, it
will be hard to keep things from mifunderftanding between the two Crownes.
For this I fay, and this fliall be found true, that though fome ordinary Men of
Warr and Courtiers, when they remember the Number of Bodies of Men within
that Place, belydes the Valour and Wildorae of the Commaunders^i are content
to conclude, that the Place is free from Danger, efpecially as long as the Entry-
is open ; yet mufl you remember, that the Place itfelf is full of Mifery, for the
Canon of the Enemy maketh his way ; that Sicknefs and continual! Toyl killeth
the Souldier ; that in the time of Winter, the Entry is often hindred two Moneths
together by contrary WindSj and that when it is at befl the Harbour is but badd ;
and laftly, that there is no means left for Salleys ; nor that the raging of the
Sea (efpecially fince the cutting of the Dyke) fpareth the Rampers of the
Towne fo much, but that it weareth and eateth them dayly ; whereof a refol-
ved Enemy ftill attendeth Opportunity, and dayly murdereth thofe with the
Cannon , who are ufed to repair thole fuddain Breaches. So as all that have
ether Senfe of the Lofs, or true Jugeraent in the Matter, do conclude,
that gutta cavat Capidem -non vi fed f ape cadendo. For which purpofe, lam
commanded to let you know, that after Monfieur de Bo'ijiffe had notified to the
Queen, the Felicity arrived to France, by the Bitth of the ^olphyn, her Maje-
fty moved him to reprefent to the King, how forry flie was, that of his worthy
and favourable Care of the States Fortune-^ in this particular of Oltend there
hath enfued no better Fruits then Rumour without ABion ; wherein if the King
will have it, that he was miflaken in the Particuler, or that he doth not intend
an Overt Breach of his Peace, her Majefly would be glad to know, what it was
that could be meant by his generall Propofition, which muft in fomewhat ap-
pear, for all Generalls are made of Particulars. As for herfelf and her Proceed-
ings, we wonder why the Perfon that difcourfed with you, (or any other) fliould
not anfwer himfelf,y?£'i^^ the EjfeBs prove her Majeftie's Words, and therefore
they are not to be accompted fruitelels Profeffions. In this point of the Danger
of Oftend, you fliall do well to imprint it in the King's Minde, even by her Ma-
jeftie's Commaundment, that how fo ever he may here from fome that manage
great Affairs of State in other Places, that there is lefs danger to the Towne then
is Ipoken of; yet that her Majefty (who hath in it a wiie and a gallant Com-
mander, from whome flie expedteth no borrowed Ware) doth plainly \ti him
iknow, that without fome Courfe of Diverfion of the Siedge, the Place would be
found courir extreme rifque. In which Confideration, her Majefty never doubt-
ing that the King can refolve to abandon them, thought it good to reprefent by
his owne AmbafTador, and to touch it by you, how much it concerneth him to
have an Eye to it, and how much it troubleth her own Mind, that in regard of
that Peece of work flie hath in hand (to drive the Spaniard oui qI Ireland,) flie

muft

fiook IV. Mr.WiNwooDV Kcgoitation /V; France, 351

muH: be dilpcnfcd with for fending Succours there. In this Cafe of the Spaniards, An. i6of..
you may iay you were commanded to deal with him, as one whomc Ihc would ^
make no Stranger to her Affaires.

* On thcx>''' of the laft Moncch, there landed between fyvc and fix thoufand
Spaniards in the Province of Munjler-, commanded by Don Juan d' Aguila^
who was Gcnerall of the Spanijh Army at Bluett, lliefe Forces upon their
Landing, immedi.itcly fummoncd the poore Townc of Kingfale abfblutcly, in
the Name of the King of Spaine. The Towne being but a poore Burgh, and Ibmc
threclcore fighting Men within it, rcfuled to open the Gates; but I doubt not
but by this tymc it is rendered. The Lord Deputy is hading thither with the bed
PovAcr he can make, and her Majedy is fending over fix thoufand Men, with all
things thereto belonging; which being added to eighteen thoufand already in that
Kingdome, you muft thinkc doe put this Realme to a wanton Charge. She doth
alio iet forth a Fleet to Sea, to wafte continually thofe Supplies of Vittie and Am-
munition, which fuch an Army requireth ; the lame for the mod parte, being on-
ly maintayned with that which comes out of England. When you have thus far
informed him, you may then fay unto him, that her Majedy doth now fbmmon
him, by the Remembrance of thofe precedent Offices, (wherof flie containeth a
contented Memory) to refbrte to his own Jugement, ijvhether it be not fecundum
aequum & bonum, that he Jhoiild make demonjiration of the Care he hath of her
well-doing : Yf not by any extraordinary Arguments, yet by Repayement of
part of her owne. Wherein you fllall let him knowe, that you have Order to
receave his Anfwer. And though flie doubteth not, but to be eafdy able to fur-
mount all thefe DiiTiculties (howfoever die fliall be dealt with by others,) yet fhe
accompteth it but a common Fortune^ (even to Princes that have greatefl Means)
to be ibme tymes worfe furnilhed then the necefTary Occafions of their Edates
would require ; and therefore, according to this Letter, which herevt'ith I fend
you, (by which Islh. Edmonds fetteth downe how far the King ingaged himfelf to
him) I pray you get accefs, and negotiate it according to your Difcretiou for her
Majedy's bell Advantage.

For the partial Cenfure of her Maje fly's Troceeding in the Treaty of Teace^
the evident Circumdances do fo well difcover, both her Trovidence and hexMag-
naJtimity, that Words fliall be but fpent in vayne, to clear her from the Levity,
or rather, the Iniquity of that Reporte. For further Proof whereof, even when
theMarefchal ^zm? was here, Coomans (being km a. new to /et a frejhyernice
upon his former Table) was returned back without any Anfwer, after it appeared
to thofe Councellers that dealt with him, that he had an underhand Warrant to
propound fpecious Offers to us, but was not any way quallified (for ought they
faw) with any Commiflion authenticall.

I have now procured a Privy Scale for your Entertaynment, whereof 1 will make
you over iuch a Portion as fliall be demanded by any of yours that fliall foUowe
if. Although her Majedy would not have it in any Sorte conceaved, that fhe hath
not an Intention to congratulate this Felicity befallen the King in the Birth of
the TDolphin, by fome Perfon of greater Quallity ; yet by the Accident of this
Accefs of yours, you fllall do well to let fall mito him, the inward Contentement
her Majedy nourifheth to her felf thereby ; but alfo to let him know, how glad
/he was to be able to advertife his owne Ambaffadour of his Birth, before he
knew it, and fo indeed it fell out, that upon Notice from you, die commanded
me to fend him a Congratulation, and thus for this tyme I committ you to God
his Protection.

From the Court Tour loving Friend,

^i Richmond. RO. CECYLL.

In the Carriage of your Relation to the King of this Accident in Ireland, you
fliall Ihew how far her Majedy is from any Ducouragement, her Difcontentment
being only this, that where her Majedy was full of Refolution to have interpofed

* Wi. Msrrifon, Part II. pag. 134, 135, t^f,

her

3 §2 Mr.Wii^^vooDs Negotiation inVr^ncQ. BooklV.

j^ft. 1601. her felf between the King of Spam's ambitious DefTeigns elfewheire, fhe muft
now be forced to attend her owne Occafions.

Mr> Winwood to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorabki Tarts, 10* Oct. 1601. O. S.

Wryte only to keepe my Cuftome, for I have not much now to advertife, and

that not much important. Monfieur de Rochpot is returned out oiSpaine, and

arrived unto the King at Fountainebleati, the 6'^ of this Moneth. He hath left
behind him his Nephew and the other his Servants in Prifon, with a Secretary
to folhcite their Enlargement, and fuch Affaires as the King's Service ihall re-
quire, untill the Place fliall be fuppHed, from which Charge, Monfieur de Bar-
reau doth endeavour to be excufed.

The State of the Finances is drefled for this Year, yt araounteth to tx Millionsi
whereof 7 are appointed for the ordinary Expence, and the reft towards the Dii-
charge of Debts. Wherein they do afTure, due Confideration fhall be had of her
Majefty. I cannot infift for any certaine or named Summe, becaufe I have no
fuch Commiflion ; only I move, that fince her Patience hath ben 'io great in for-
bearance, ihe may receave fome notable Summe, and that at one entire Paie-
ment upon the firft AfUgnations, and not to be deferred untill the end of the
Year. By my next I hope to be able to fend their Refolution, both of the
Quantitie of the Summe, and of the Times of Paiement.

Monfieur de VilLeroy hath done very good Offices, both in private to the
King, and in publique before the Counfaill, Ihewing howe requifite it is, (everi
for the good of their owne Affaires) that her Majeftie Ihould receave herein a
gratefull Contentment. Whereof yf he might perceave by fome Means that her
Majeftie did vouchfafe to take notice, yt wold be very pleafing Unto him, and give
him Courage to continue the fame Courfes, for the Advancement of her Service';
* The Marefchal Biron and his Company, do Ipeake ail Honor of her gracious
Entertainement, and of the State and Majeftie of her Court. But that wherein the
King's Subje6ts vvhofe Loyaltie hath ben beft approved to him, do repofe their
greateft Comfort, and did moft vviUingly hear and moft curioufly hearken after, is
the Affurance which they all give of her Majeftie's Strength, and found Difpofi-
tion of Health; of the Vivacity and Vigour of her Spirits, and of the joyful!
Contentment andafTured Tranquillity of Mind, which here they do wiilie and
praie ever to continue. The Marefchal hath ipent much time to recommend to
the King the Sufficiency of Monfieur de Botfijfe and his good Services, and with-
all made his Appollogie for the manner of his late Troceedmg\ iliewing, that
whatfoever there he ether fpake or heather hath written, againft the Forme of
our Juftice, was grounded upon great Reafon, and cold not have ben omitted,
without he fliould have betrayed his owne Reputation, and the Duety of the
Charge which he doth lliftaine. I thinke he is to winter in England, for here
is no haft made to difpatch Monfieur de Beaumont, nor Refolution taken who
ihall joyne with him in ending the Controverfies of Depredations. I receaved
this from a very good hand, that (144) the King gave this in efpeciall Charge to
Marefchal de Biron, to found the Aff^diions of (lof) the ^leen towards (i<55')
the King (j/^ Scotland ; which he did relate to be fo alienated, and in fuch Termes>)
as my T'en hath fhame to fet down. Which he did only to feed and pleas his
Humors, who doth not love (165-) the King of Scotland, both that he appre*
bends nothing more then the Confolidation of the two Realmes; and upon Ea-
mulation, as being tranfported with the Self-conceit of the greatnefs of his
Fortunes, he doth beleeve that all the World is enamoured with his Vertues,
efpecially (105-) England; the Love whereof he doth much afFcB, and is per-

f waded he doth pojfejfe. The States Agent (upon efpeciall Com uandment from

"-""^ ■

Vide Inventaire de Serres, pag. 971, crc. Maihien Cronalo^ie Sefunairt, pag. zjl, ly'C. Memoires de
Sully, Vol. 3. ch.4. p. 47, 48, G'c.

them)

Book IV. Mr.WimvooDs Negotiation in France.' 353

them) hath camcftly fblHcittcd this Wccke pad for fomc Supplies of Money, in An i6or

this extraordinary Charge which doth lb much opprefs them; but the King doth

not belecve their Wants, and as for OJIend^ he holdcs it tobe fafe\ both becaufe

the Army doth disband, whereof parte doth paffe this waie every daie in troopes,

and that the Archduc this Monerh hath advanced nothings forward; fo that he

thinks, that cither he will raile the Siege, or yf he Ihall build Fortreffes to lodge

his Men this Winter (which yet are not begone,) yet having no means to make

his Approaches nearer, nor to impeach the Libertie of the Haven, theTowne in

liis Judgment is not like to run any hazard.

The Duke of Lenox is rctorned from his Voiage, and had Audience upon Sun-
date laft. He was entertained and lodged in the Houfe, though on his firfl: com-
ing he nether was receaved on the waie, nor defraied, nor lodged at the King's
Gharge. Which they laie was the Entertainment that Moufieur de Betimes found
in Scotland.

The Voiage of Blols doth yet continue, and the King faies he will goe far-
ther, to caufe examplary Jujiice to be don upon the print ip all Authours of thofe
Commotions in Limofin and Auvergne ; which he doth confejfe^ want only an
head to keep him and fet him on worke. But yt is not thought that he will ftir
from hence before the Marquife be delivered. To morrow the Queen fliall be
churched, and fo fhall come to thisTowne to condud the 'Dauphin to St.Ger-
mains., where he Ihall be bred up. The Bruite of Coomans late going into Eng-
land \s come to this Courte, which doth nourilh the Jaloufies whereof I did late-
ly write. We hear, that the Duke de Mercaiir hath taken Alba Regale in Hmi-
garie by Aflault. I mod humbly kyfTe your Honor's Handes, for the Honor it
plealed you to do the Venetian Gentleman, which here he doth very liberally
profefTe, and by his Letters which herewith I fend, is defirous to acknowledge yt
with all ThankfuUnefs. And fo, l§c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, 15-* 05i. 1601. O. S.

I Receaved your Honor's Letters upon Sonday lad. Upon Monday, the
King came to this Towne in the Morning, and dyned at Monfieur de Mont-
glatz, where the Marquife doth lye. And becaufe this Weeke the Court re-
moveth from Fount ainb lean, and the Counfaill is retired every one to his owne
Houfe, and uncertaine, how the King wold dilpofe of himfelfe, untiil the Court
againe Ihould be fettled ; I thought good to repair thither, to take the Opportu-
nity of Accejfe, yf any fliould be prefented. And Dinner being ended, I praied
Monfieur de Bouillon (for when the King is in private, no Man hath Entrance
without Mediation of the Gentleman of his Chamber,) tofignifie, that yf that time
did not feem unfeafonable I did crave acceffe ; Yf it were, that he wold be plealed
to commaund, when, and where I fhould attend him. The King prelently cal-
led for me; to whom (according to thofe Inftrndiions, wherewith your Honor
lo plentifully hath informed me,) I delivered firll, the Accident of Ireland; lay-
ing, " That tho' herMajeftie was afluredthat his Ambaflador had not omitted
" to advertize thereof, (by whofe Commaundment, he was for that pourpole
" particularly informed,) yet her Pleafure was that I likewife ihould relate it un-
" to him; which then I did, with all Circumftances of the time and place; of
" the Spaniard's landing, theNomber of the Soldiars, the Name of their Com-
" maunder, how far at the laft Advertizement they had proceeded, and what
" wasprefumed might be their Purpoleand Defleigne. Proceeding on, he wil-
" led me to ftaye, and faid, he marveilled much that her Majeftie, having bef/o
" fully forewarned by him of this 'Dejfeigne of Spaine, Jhe wold not provit^ to

X X X X ;' prevent

MnWiti wood's Negotiation m France. Book IV.

frevent it; which wold have ben don with lefTe Care, and lefs Charge ; for
the Nomber of the Soldiers he was aflured, was not greater then 4000, whom
" he held to be loft, if they were not feconded, and that fpeedily, with Men and
" Viduaills. I replied, that it was no fuch eafy matter as he did pretend, to
" meet with an nncertaine and imagined Defleigne. The Sea was large, and the
" Seafbnof the Year fubjedt to variety of Winds and Stormes ; her Majeftie's
" Dorriinions of larger Circuit, then could, be at all times furniflied againfta ca-
"' /uall 2ind fecondary Attetnft^ of which Nature this Enterprize was knowen
" to be. I did alTure, that this Accident did little trobellour State, and lefe
" alter her Majeftie's Mind; who having hetherto ever had ViBory againft her
" Enemies, and even in the fe If -fame Tlace, did not doubt tmder the Tower
" of God, that thefe Men Jhould rttnn the Fortune of their Forefathers, in
" the Time <?/ Gregorie the 13*. That, I faid, which gave her the greateft
" Difcontent was, that hereby her peculiar 'Dejfeignes wer fomewhat diftttrb-
'' ed, and her means and thoughts detourned from the AfjJftance of the States;
" whofe Necejfjity /he knowes to be great, and without the greater Providence
" of God, and Succours from him, doth prefage a great Alteration in their
' ' Fortttnes. I then remonftrated to hinij, ( infilling from point to point upon
" thefe Particulars which your Honor hath fet down) the deplorable State of
' ' Ollend, and recommended from her Majeftie unto his Care, the TroteBion
" of that Towne; which it might pleafe him to have in fo much the more par-
" ticuler Recommendation, iii that the JVellfare of their Fortunes did depend
" upon the IJfue of this Siege: Which I ffiewed, both that the Archdtike iliould
" be greatly advanced in Reputation by gaining that Towne; and more in
" Eft ate, by reducing all Flanders into a peaceable PolTellion; and the Ho llan-
*' der's Commerce (which is the Ten of their Finances) by the lofTe of that
" Torte, in a manner ruinated, or much impeached.

" To this he anfwered, that her yi-si^t^xcv^zsyll informed of the State of that
" Town, which he knew to be in as great Security, as the Chamber wherein
" then he was. I replyed, that her Majeftie received the Information from her
" owne Commaunder, whok Experience znd^nderftanding in his own Trofef-
" Jion I did report to his Judgment ; praieing him to add, the Duety he doth owe
" to his Soveraigne, whom he wold not abufe with Fables and Difcourfe. He
*' faid. Sir Francis Vere did noe more therein then he himfelf wold do, yf he
" were in his Place ; fot who wold not in a Town befeiged, feek by all means to
" have abundance of all NecefTaries ? And in this, (laid he) pray the ^teen of
" England to give me Credit, who am King tT/'F ranee and a Soldier : Tf Oflend
" have no worfe Enemies within, then without, it never will be taken. I
" praied him to explaine himfelf And fo be faid, that certaine French, and
" thofe of Honor and Quality, (who lately cam from thence) did enform him
" of very ill Treatment which our Englijh Captaines do make towards their Sol-
" dieres, whom they do defraud of their paye, and liifFer to dye with hunger
" and cold". I thought it not good to follow longer this Diverfion, but to re-
turn to the Affaires oi Irelande. And fo delivered unto him, " the great Charges
*' her Majeftie was conflrained to maintaine, for the Prefervation of that Realme,
" where there were now 18000 Men, (he interrupted me and faid, ouy paiez^
" mais ilz n'y font pas.) That now fhe did make a frelli Levie of 6000 more,
" and did fet to Sea a fufficient Navie to commaund that Coaft. I praied him to
" confider this ferioufly in his Judgement, a7td to compare her Majeftie's Occa-
" fons with the Remembrance of his former Eft ate; then, fhe did alllire herleli^
that without attending any Motion from her, he wold out of the kindnels of
his own Nature, and the refpedlfuU Care he did bear to the good of her Eftate,
" give prefent Order for prefent Reimbourfement. I added, that howfoever this
Accident fell out inconvenient for our Affaires, yet for him it was not unfea-
fonable; fo fittan opportunity being prefented to ihevv his Gratitude, and to
•' acquitt himfelfe in parte of thofe Obligations, wherewith he hath by fo many
' Proteftations acknowledged to be tyed unto her. He protefted preiently, that

" fhe

Book IV. Mr.WiN woods Negotiation in France. 355

" flic had abfolutc Powrc over his Mcaiics and Pcrfon. That to her, lb great a An. i6oi.

" Lady and PrinccfTc, he did protcljc himi'cli' her Servant ■, though othcrwifc he

" wold tcrmc himlcir, her good Brother and Qoufin. I anfwcrcd, flie had ofcca

" rcccavcd thcfc Sakitations from hinn, and rclpcdivcly entertained them. Her

" prefent NecefTity did now require a more real Satisjh&ioji, and I thought that

" fhe wold hold all further delay, in the nature of a Refufall; confidcring the

" Promiffes of his Counlaill to Mr. Edmonds, who intreated patience only for a

" Moneth ; and his ownc of frcflicr Date at C^/^ij-, to the fame pourpole." Wc

varied what his Anfwer was to Mt. Edmonds; but I urging ftill to rcceave his Re-

foJution, he then laid, " My Counfaill is now abfent, uppon Saterday I will be

" here with my Familie, and they alTemblcd about mc, with whom I will advife

" for her Contentment, and ivhat I can do, I ij:; ill do. As he was rctireing him-

" I'elf, I praied him to give me Pardon for an Errour I had committed, in differ-

" ing that untill the laft, which I had in charge at the firfl: to impart unto him;

" the inward Contentment which her Majeflie had receaved, by the Birth of his

" Sonne the 'Dait^bin: which Hie had firfl tcftifycd, by fending the firfl Adver-

" tifement thereof to his AmbafTador by her Congratulation with him, and wold

" take an Opportunity againe to confirm, by a more folemn Demonflration.

" His Anfwer was, that he was glad her Majeflie had Jiich Jpeedy Ty dings

' ' thereof, that thereby Jhe might knoiz\ that there was borne another Servi-

" teur for her. And fo he dilmiffed me.

Monfieur de Rhofny was not then in Towne, but arrived that Night. '• The
" next Day, I, upon the former Reafons, challenged his Promife, which was to
" yix. Edmonds, that within one Moneth her Majeflie Ihould know, both the
' ' Somme that fhould be reimbourfed, and the Times of Paiment. He anfwer-
" ed, that he had already provided for her Satisfadtion : But it was not he, but
" the King himfeif, that particularly wold give the Anfwer. I praied him that
" he wold Ipeak to the King that I might receave the Anfwear from him, which
" he promifTed. So yeflerday againe I moved him in yt ; and then he acknow-
" ledged, that the King, upon the Speach I had with him, came to the Arfenall
" v/here he lodged, to advife about this Point for fbme Contentment for her
" Majeflie; and the Refolution he had taken he will fend to Monfieur de Boi-
" y^> who ihall communicat it unto her:" And more I cold not draAve from
him. " I have hkewife fpoken with Monfieur de Villeroy, and enformed him
" how farr I had negotiated with the King, and the Anfwear I receaved. I prai-
*' ed him to continue the good Offices he heretofore had don, and to foUicite
" that her Majeflie might have the Contentment flie deferved; which he wil-
" lingly promifed, and I think will as fully perfourm. I then moved him for the
'• Declaration of the Arreft, which was accorded. He laid, the Counfaill yet
" was not refolved what to do in it. I anfwered, there was required no Reiolu-
" tion, all Points having ben debated and determined ; namely, the greateft Dif-
" ficultie, that the Confifcationflyall be taken awaie. He replied, that no Man
" knew better then he what was accorded: But firfl they wold know, how the
*' Affaires in £'7/^ /^//(^fliould be difpofed. I asked, what Affaires ? He anlwer-
" ed, thoie of 'i>eJ>redation. I faid, that fom Weeks fince Monfieur ^£' il/(^_^^
" was expedied in £^7/^/^;^^, to joyne with Monfieur ^e' ^(?i/^, to determine
" thofe Caufes. But he faid, that they did nether know that her Majeflie did
" accept of the King's Offer, (which was to fend a Commiffioner into £'»^/(^W,^
" nether ever was it refolved, that Monfieur <^f iV/<?^ fliould be the Man : Only
'' he had faid, that perhaps he might be fent. This feems very flrange unto himj
" that the Execution of thofe Caufes iliould he fu/pended, which are already
"judged. And he complains, that now lately fome of their Subjeds have been
" fpoiled by Sea by our Men of Warr, which he praied me to fignifye to your
" Honor." Your Honor may be pleafed to diredl me how to proceed in this
Point; at leaft that the King may know, that her Majeflie hath long attended
their Commifrioner. Whatfoever Monfieur de Filleroji doth now pretend to the

contrary^

5 S<i JMr. WinwoodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

jin. 1 6oi. contrary, Mr. Edmonds did fully inform him of her Majeftie's Pleafure to accept
" ' of the Conference; and from the beginning it was intended, that Monfieur de
Mejfe fliould be lent, for the nearnels of Friendiliip between him and Monfieur
de Boijijfe ; for which caufe the Counfaiildid depute him, to confer with Mr.£^-
■monds. Now that he excufed himfelf from this Imployment, (upon the Reafo ns
■which in fome of my former I have alleadged,) they are conftrained to ferve them-
felves of this frivolous, and m hone ft Evafion. And whereas now they are
agreeved, that the Execution of thofe Caufes which are adjudged is fufpended ;
yt was accorded, that there fhoiild be a generall Surfeance of all Parties and
Caufes, untill the AfTembly of this Conference, which within two Moneths Ihould
begin, and in one Moneth difpatch and determine all Differences. I will not fur-
ther profecute this their Faihion of proceeding, but leave it to your Honor's
Judgement. And fo I humbly take my leave, ^c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

rAlph winwood.
t o st s c r i t t.

Right Honorable,

My Difpatch being long, I have thought good to write thefe apart ; wherein
lirfl I befeech your Honor to fend me your Refolution, for that Perfon who
liliould be imploied in Sfaine, whom I have retained fmce my return from Ca-
lais, and will not difcharge, till I underftand your Honor's Plealure ; for I know
not where to find another fo proper for that Service. The King did demand of
me of Cooman's being in England. I anfwer'd, as your Honor ioftrudled me,
thoug^h it did not pleafe him to give Credit to my Words.

* Elliott, whom your Honor doth remember, who had lately ferved in good
place in the War of Hungary-, and fmce hath been in Scotland, did bring me this
Difcourfe ; which (becaule heretofore he hath ben a Partie in the Conlultations
of the Spanifto Projedts) I could not refufe to fend. He acknowledgeth his Of-
fence to be great, yet not greater then her Majeftie's Mercie, in whofe Grace he
doth never delpaire ; which though he hath no means to merit, yet wold he
expole himfelf to any hazard for the Service of his Country, to efface the foule
Remembrance of his former Tranlgreflions. Which I write, that yf theafe Times
do require the Terformance of a doubt full Attempt, I know no one Man out
of her Majeftie's Protection, (to gaine her Grace) that wold more ambitioufly
undertake it, or endeavour to efl"e(5t it with a llronger Refolution. Mr. f Trf"-
jham hath fb often importuned me to recommend unto your Honor his Preten-
ilons, that for my owne quiet I engaged my lelf by Promife, to write the De-
fire he hath to fpend the reft of his daies in her Majeftie's Service.

Sir Robert 'Druery, upon the Arrivall of this Accident in Ireland, hath alter-
ed his purpole for Florence, and will retorn prefently into England. The Count
Lingie is here arrived from the Archduke, to congratulate the Birth of the 2)^^-
phin : and the Prince of Orange and the Count of Rentez have their Paflport to
pafs into Spaine from hence, whether they are fent (as it is pretended) to con-
gratulate the Birth of that Trincejfe. The Duke of Lenox is upon the point of
his Departure.

* This is the fame Perfon mentioned more than once before in Sir Henry Nevill's Letters,
t This Perfon is Ukewife taken notice of by Sir Hinry Neville, in fevcral of his Letters.

Mr. Winwood

Book IV. Mr.WiN woodV Negotiation in France.

Mr. Winwood lo Mr. Sticrvtar'y Cccyll.

, Right Honorable., Tar is, xi<^ 06i. x6oi. 0. S.

JUndcrfland, that iipdn Tnefdaj laft, the Diikc oi Lenox reccavcd Letters from
his King:, wherein he is commanded to haften into Ev. gland \v'\x\\ flich Ipced,
that if it were poHible he might arrive ^xi London before the beginning of the Par-
Icmcnt. Mr. 'James Si'inple ihall meet liim there with Inftrudions, to enform
him what, and in what Form he is to negotiate. . Hereupon the Duke hath f'cnc
one in pod to '^xxThomas Erskin-, to meet him prefently at Calais:, who, ac-
companied by the Lord Bur ley, upon Sonday lad did go towatds z\\Q Archduke's
Campe, to whom they were recommended by Ayala, and for addreffe to the
Count Arenbergh. Upon Monday Monfieur Villeroy did meet with the Duke at
the Bifliop of Glajcoe his Houie. I cannoi: underiland, that for the renewing the
Alliance any thing is concluded, nor any thing more then in general I, for conti-
nuance of common Amitie, promiied or intended. For the re-cftablifnment of
the hundred Men at Armes, it is promifcd, that the Eftatc fliall be inverted in the
Perlbn oi the young Trince, and that theT)uke ihall he Wis Lieutenant. This-
Morning' he departed out of this Townc towards Vernueil, to take his leave of
his Coufm la Marquife as he paffeth, and fo direcStly to Calais. He is gon from!
hence, not the belt fatisfyed in his Treatment in this Court; neither hath he or
his Company, left behind them any great Reputation, for Judgment or good Be-
haviour. The King came to this Towne with the Qiieen upon Sonday laft. I
have three feveral times Ibllicited Monfieur de Villeroy to know the Kifig's Ile-
folution for the Reimbourfment to her Majeftie. His laft Anfwer was, the King
yet had not refolved; and v/hen he iliould, for his particular, he wold only ad-
vertize Monfieur de Boififfe thereof. , I oppofed againft that Proceeding; but \\t
ifaid, I had no reafon to think it llrange, fmce I well knew it was their forme,
which ever hath ben ufed even with Ambafladors : So I purpofe to addrefle my-
felf immediately to the King, to know his Refolution. J praied likewife Mon-
fieur Villeroy to confider of this Conference, upon expe(5lation whereof our Men
who here did follicite their Sates attended at London, fome to have Reafbri of
theirWrongs, others to be releaied from the Sutes wherein they were entangled :
But he laid he mult hear from Monfieur de Boijijfe, before he wold give any An-
fwer. ■:,,,,.

This Week there cam unto me a Milanois Pfieft, named Stephano ; who, as
he faith, hath ben often imployed by Sir Henry Cobham arid Sit Edward Staf-
ford. Since, by reafon of thefe Trobles, he hath lived retired. He is now going
into Spaine, to lerve in Houfe xhcConfable oiCaftiglia. He doth pretend a
great defire to do her Majeltie's Service, and her Eflates ; upon aflurance, that
his Deferts lliall receave Reward. I have thought .good to accept his Offre, and
do pourpofe to give him a Cyphre, and fome Inftrudions, with addrefs for his
Letters. He demandeth no prefent Allowance, only a Note from me, whereby
It may appear, (yf he lliall do any acceptable Service) that he was by iuch means,
and in Iuch forme imploied. He doth expedt fome Curtefie towards the Charge of
his Jorney, Wherein I know not well how to refufe him; fo that if I lliall adven-
ture fome few Crowns upon him, your Honor will be pleafed to fee them allowed.

The Voiage oi Blois doth yet hold, and the King's Refolution to go further,
yf occafion Ihall require. * Madame thefe Weeks paft h^ih fuffered Terfecutioni

* This Paffage makes me a little donbt the Truth of what is related by Cardinal d'ojfat in a Letter to
Monfieur Villeroy, wrote fome time after this. Wherein, amongft the Difficulties which he tejis us the
Pope made, to grant the Duke of Bdrr a Dtfpenfatich for this Marriage, — ~Une da plus grandis difficuUez,
(fays he) qu'il mc fit, fat, que lors que ce maridge fe traitoit, Madame, Scetir du Roy, lut fit dire, qui fi S. S.
faifoit envers le Roi, qu'ells fi'-t mart'ee a Monfieur le Comte de Soijfons, ille fie feroit Catolique. Dont (adds
he) S. S. dit avoir jufle eccafion de jnger, que ce n'efl point la Confidence, qui la tieni en fia SeSie ; Mars que
cefi une certain Oftent^tion, er prefiumption quelle a, que le Saint Siege c toHte$ aistres chofios fie doivetit acom-
moder a fies apetits. Vol. j. p. 31 j.

Yyyy

^$8 ' Mr^i^'^ooDS Negotiation in^T2LncQ. Book IV.

Mn. i6ot. and by the inftances of the King, her Father-in-kwe, and Husband, (who lately
' ^'^'^ ■* here arrived) cold not refufe to admitt Conference with the Bifliop o'i Enreuxy
and a Capuchin Fryer) yet Ihe remains conjlant and immutable. Yf herMa-
jeftie fliall be pleafed to take this occafion to recommend this her Conftancy,
and comfort her in this her Afflidtion, it wold be an acceptable Favour, and fea-
fonnable anoint nomme\ both to confirme and encourage her., and to give a Re-
pitation to theCaufei which never had more need of the fuj^prt of her gracious
TroteSiion.

Your Honor fliall underftand by Mr. Button, to whom by the Lords our Mar-
chants Sutes for IDefredation in France were recommended, what progrefs he
hath made in their Caufes before the Commiflioners of Roilen. Wherein, tho'
his Diligence hath no way ben wanting, (whereof the Marchants are bound to
have due Confideration) yet after the travaill of nyne Months wholly imploied
in thofe Pourfutes, his Fortune hath not been fo good, to retorn with Content-
ment or Satisfaction in any one Caufe. Li Ibme Sentence hath ben geven, but
the Execution hath ben made fruftrate and Eluforie. The Particulars I will leave
to his own Relation, whofe Greevances, if Monfieur de Boifijfe can have patience
to hear, and will compare with the Volume of his pretended Complaints, he
cannot but in the Equity of his Judgment confefs, that his long Forbearance to
complaine hath proceeded from this Ground, that Curis leves loquuntur ingen-
tes ftupent. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOQD.

The Duke oi Lenox, when he took leave of the Billiop of Glafcoe, did reficrn
unto him the Intereft which long he hath polfefTed in that Biflioprick, the Fruires
thereof fhall now retorn to the Bifliop. After the Duke departed, the King fent
him a Cubberd of Plate valued at xooo Ducats, which his Mother receaved.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood,

S I Ri 3 Nov. 1601.

1 Y your lafl: Letters of the 15* and zz^ oiO^ober, I do fynd how well you
^^^ have difcharged all thinges commytted to you with the King and his Coun-
fell; though I aflure you by the Courfe which the Ambaflador held with the
Queen yefterday, it appeareth, that nothing is more defyred then Delay ; for he
; Bovv begyneth to ask queflyon, what it is which fliould be dealt in, when any
Commyffioner fliould come over. Secondly, he would knowe the tyme.
Thirdly, he protefl:eth that he is no way informed in partyculer either of the
Time when the King will pay the Queen, or of the Somme, other than thus
farre, that about January the Queen fliall knowe what to looke for withiQ
compafs of a Yeare. To all this, there hath been aunfwered this niuche ; That
this is veryfliort, not only of herMajeftie'sMerytt, but even dyred:Iy contrary
to the King's Aflurance to Mr. Edmonds, which he was fo farre from mifunder-
Handing, as the Queen caufed me to produce the Coppy of the Queen's Letter to
the King, (when Mr. Edmonds made his fecond Voyage to Calais,) by which
ihe did take notice of all the King's Ajfurances, even in every particular, and
gave him many Thanks for the fame ; alleaging further, that the King himfelf
had by his own Speache to you, fpoken in a more certen Style then this of his.
Wherein firfl:, we mufl tary tyll y^2%«^^r)'' before we can knowe what we fliali
have in compafs of a Yeare ; whereas it was expedted, without any Queftion,
that there Ihould be a ipeedy Payment of une fomme notable, for fo were the
King's owne Words. To be fhort, the Queen M'as very rownd with him in this
matter of the Mony, and requyred him to return to the King playniy, that in
tyme pajl Jhe proceeded better with the King. Hereupon the Ambaflador feem-

ed

Book IV. iilr.WiN woodV Negotiation in France. 35^

cd a little perturbed, and promyfcd to wrytc backc rcrioiifly, making no c\nci- An. iCot.

ftion, but he Ihould after the lalt Difpatch give the Qiieen better Contentment. ^

for the reft, he hath been anlwered, that in rcfpcdl ot the comming hether of a

Comminioner, whereupon depended many Qiicftyous undccyded, the Subjects

of nether Sydc were latistycd further, then that the Jrteji of Roimi was not

icvoked. I did al(b let him knowe, that the Queen had ben informed by you,

liowe Well Monfieur de VUleroy had carryed himfelf; and in this manner our

Conference paft : It Teeming to me, that ether all thofc Ihould nowe be granted,

tho' he meant not Ibddenly to open himfclf, or yf he dyd, that his Difpatchc {o

authcnticall as he cxpe6ted, was not yet come. Y ox your Tarty, whom it fcem-

cth you have kept upon the hand to be imploycd, it is very true, that I fhall be

very gladd if you have found me out a good one ; but becaufe it is very requyfyte

for icttling of the Correlpondcncy to purpofe, that I iliould pcrfonally conferre

with hym, I would be very gladd that you would lend hym over pryvatly with

Ibmc Letter from your fclf; which if he fliall caufe to be dely ver'd when he is ar-

ry ved, I will order it fo as he ihall have accels unto me, in as fecret Forme as he

iyft. Write unto me alio, what Entcrtaynment you imagine will content him.

For your Milanois, I lyke it well that you do give him fome Crowns for an Im-

preft, vv'hich you may put into your Byll of 'Extraordynaryes, for which you

ihall receave Allowance.

The News we have of Ireland are nether good nor badd. The Spaniards
Ibrtifye apace, the 'Deputy lodgeth by them, and douptlefs will attempt the
Place within ten Days -, only the generall Alyenation in the Kingdome is fufpi-
cyous unto us if Tyrone come out of the North towards Munjter, as he pre-
tendeth for certen he will, and douptlefs for his owne Reputation, he wyli ha-
zard to attempt it.

, The Opynion you had of the Duke of Lenox\s purpofe, to propotmd jlrange
things at this Tar ly anient-, is mijiaken ; for I aflure you, he hath nether fiiche
Commydyon, nor fuch RefoUition. Only he hath nowe a Defyre to fee the Queen,
and to returne to the Kinge ; who hath alfo made an offer to the Queen (which
lliehath accepted) to fend 3000 Scots to the North of Ireland. And thus ha-
ving now thought fy tt to acquaint you how things pafs here, I commyc you xxs
God's Protedion,

From the Court at Tour loving Friend,

Whitehall. RO. CECYLL,

A/f. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyit.

Right Honorable, Taris, i^^ Nov. 1601. O.S.

According to your Honor's Diredtion, I have fent over the Partie, whole
Name is Abel Tin f on, with a Defire full of hope, that his diligent and
faithtull Endeavours may give that Satisfaction, which the Charge wherein he is
imploied doth require. He hath in his yonger Years lived and ftudied Jn Eng-
land; fence travailled in Italie, from whence Sir Anthony Sherley debauch'd
him into Terjia ; from whom, upon unkeind Treatment, he departed in Mufco-
vie. Your Honor will find him to be of a good Spirit, and though he hath run
fom wild Courfes, now more fettled, and not injudicious. The Inftrudlion he
Ihall receave from your Honor will much enable him, arid make him fully capa-
ble of this imploiment ; the which I do the rather prellime, becaule he feemeth
fo fmcerely to proteft for his Vigilancy and Fidellity in this Service. I have of-
ten conferred with him, and caft all Doubts and Difficulties in his Courle. The
greateft are to find a good Pretext to coUour his aboade, among a Teople jea-
lonfe and fiifpic ions of Strangers, who feldom travaill in thefe Parts for their
particular Pleafures, without lome fubjedt of Bufynefs and Affaires. Then, for a

Ipeedy

^6o MrWiN'ivooDsNegdiiahoninVic^ncQ, BdoktV;

An., i(5oi. fpeedy and fure Convoy for his Letters. Yt were to be wiflied, that he cold fiiid
' fome Addreffe, to ^ive him a more fpeedy Entrance into the Knowledge and
Pradice of thefe Affaires ; whereupon we have difputed, whether it were not con-
venient for him to go from hence to Genoa, and there to make aboade for one ot
two Moneths; in which time, (by reafon of the continuall Intercourfe,) he might
infinuate himfelf into the Friendihip and favour of fome, either Geiieiiois or Spa-
niard, whereby he may greatly advance the Service. I have particularly talked
with him about his Entertainment, wherein he wholly referreth himfelf to youi:
Honor's Difcretion, yet he thinketh his Expeuce cannot be lefs then a French
Crown by the Day. I have dehvered him for his Jorney, and to put him
in Equipage, thirty Crowns. I have difpatch'd the Milanois with a fewe
Crowns, but with good Contentment, upon an attellate under my Hand, that
he made me privie to his Voiage, and that his Services fliould be worthely
rewarded. 1 have advifed this Terfoii, not to Itir out of his Lodging untill your
Honor fliall call for him. And befides afTured him, that no other of her Maje-
flie's Counlaill Ihall be acquainted with his Imploiment; to the end that he might
iinderfland, that his Safety did principally confift in his own fober Carriage, and
the difcreet Government of himfelf And fo for this time I humbly take my leave.
Tour Honor's in aWDuty humbly to be com?naunded,,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris i^^ Nov. looi. O. S.

HAving received Advertifement ujpon Wednefday lad, by one that then ar-
ryved to this Towne out of Bretagne, that fenfe the Defcent of the
Spaniards in Ireland, they have ben refrelhed with Vittaills from St. Malo and
Rofco, I prelently repayred to Monfieur de Villeroy, and foUicitted Accefs to the
King ; faying, that I would not be much troublelome, only I had one Word to"
fay, but that was important, and well could not iuffer long Delay. Upon
Tburfday, the King dyned at Zamefs Houfe, where I was commanded to fynd
him. To whom after Dynner, (being prelented by Monfieur de Villeroy,) I
delyveredthe Advertifement whichlhad receaved, " remonfirating the Infoknce
of this Fa£f, prejndiciall to her Majejiies Ajfayres, and repugnant to that
reJpeBftill T>uety which his Subjects ought to bear towards her Majefiie ;
who could not be ignorant, how contrarie this was, both to the general! Al-
liance between the two Crownes, and to the particular Friendfliip and afTedio-
nate Care which he did profelfe to the Welfare of her Majeftie's Eftates. I
praied him to be pleafed to take notice of this Caufe, and to give order that
the Offenders might be knowen and punifhed, in Example to others ; and that
it might be publiihed within the Ports of his Realme, forbidding his Subjeds to
entertaine Trafficke with the Spaniards now invading her Majeftie's Domini-
ons, and the Gouvernours to receave within their Ports eyther any Spanijh
Veflels retourning out of Ireland, or any other that there would touche, to
carie Vittayle or Comodities to the Enemy. I mull acknowledge to your Ho-
nor, ihtprefepit ^nAfen/ihle Apprehenjion the King conceaved of this Remon-
flrance, protejiing both Tnnijhment to the Offenders, and redrefs for future
Abufe in this kynd; and fo called unto him Monfieur Villeroy, to whom he
repeated what I had related. Monfieur de Villeroy faid, that he had under-
ilood the Day before, that certaine Ships were lately arrived out of Ireland
into Bretagne for Provifion of Vittaill, but that they had TaJ/ports from the
Lord Tieputy. I replyed, that my Advertizement was of Ships fraighted
with Vittaill out <?/ Bretagne to the Enemy in Irelande ; which how trew it
was, I was not to debate. That which I did move was refonable, and far
from Prejudice, that the King would addrelTe his Letters, requireing the Oifi~

" eersf

Book IV. Air.Wii^wooDs Negotiation inTrance. ^$t

" ccrs of his Ports to take Order yf (Lich Abufe niould hereafter happen, tliat it y^. i6ot^

" might he punilhcd, yfnor, yet to commauiul that it be not pradtizcd. The

" King conini.uinded Monflcur ^/e Vtllcroy to difpatch Letters to that pourpofc;

" who then willed me to give him a Memoire of what I had propofcd, which ac-

" cordingly I have done. The King then told me of a Ship of St. Male, which

" had been taken by an EngLllh ATan of Warre, and carried into the Coafl of

" BiirOary, where the Goods have been fold. To which I anfwearcd, That the

" Truth is, there is an Englijh Piratte who long had lyved out of her Majefties

" Protcdion, that hath a Retreat in thole Parts; whom to apprehend, fhe twice

•' had lent fonh feverall Shipps to bring him in. For any other Wrongs his

•' Subjcdis could pretend, her Majefty hath fufficienrly approved her Care for

" Execution of Juftice ; and yf that Conference which was accorded, might

*' have had place, all Party es by this tyrac on bothe fydcs might have receaved

" Satisfadion, and a reciprocal! Reglcment have been eflabliflied, to prevent

" luch future inconveniences. The King then asked Monfieur de Villeroy,

" whether Monfieur de Mejfe would be ready within a lliort time to go into

*' England'^ He anfwered, that he thought he wold; and then faid, becaule

" they had underftood by Monfieur de Boifijfe, that her Majefty had ac-

•' cepted and did defy re the Conference, they Were refolved yt fhould go

" forward. I then fayd to the King, that his AmbafTador in his laft Audience

" did treat on that point with her Majefty, and at the farne tyme did delyver his

" Anfwere for the Reimbonrfement-, which was nothing conformable to thole

" Afirirances, which ilie had grounded upon his many PromifTeSi nor to the Ne-

" ceflity of her prefent Affaires. He confefled yt was treW, that he had pro-

" mifed to Mr. .£'(3fe;?;i?^(?j-, that within fix Weeks he iliould know what he could

" performe. Ever fence, he faid, he had been mindfull thereof, and that Morn-

" iug had been travailling about yt with his Counfaill; and fb would do, untiU

" he could know what his Eftate would permitt, which his Ambaflador fllould

" fhortly delyver unto her.

" He asked then how the Affaires of Ireland did pals. Myne Anlwere was
" according to your Honor's Inftrudions. Adding, That the Tope was deeply
" embarked in that Enterprize, at the Injfance and Injiigation of the Jejuits ,
" and that he was refolved to fend thither, as Ntintio, Mutio Vitalefchi, fbm-
" tyme Governot of the Englijh Seminarte of Rome ". Which I did purpole-
ly, that he might fee with what Eagernefs the Tope doth affeEi the Greatnefs
of Spaine ; and what Fyre-brands the Jefnites are^ who now do prefs with
firong Ajfurance^ their re- entrance into this Towne. The King was not wil-
ling to beleeve, the Tope had any hand in the AEiion\ which he faid, " was un-
" dertaken without Conjideration, and would accordingly fucceed, which he
" wilhed affedtionately. He then laid, that in his Judgement the Enemy e's Del^
" feignes could not take place, and had reafon to willi they Ihould nor, for the
" Prolperity he defy red to her Majefty's Eftate^ which he would advance by his
" beft means. And concluded with me in thefe Words, faying. That as I lately
" fayd unto you^ fo again I fay-, thatyfjhe Jhall have need of my Life, the good
" of her Service hath power to commaund yt. When I delyvered the Memoir e
" to Monfieur de Villeroy, I defy red to know when Monfieur de Mejfe was to
" go forward, that her Majefty's Commillioners might be ready to joyne the
" Conference with him, and the Parties who are interefted in the Caufe might be
" alTembled. He anfwered, that Monfieur de Mejfe did fear to pafs the Sea in
*' thisSeafon. The Refolution that Ihould be taken, her Majefty 111 ould under-
" ftand by Monfieur de Boifijfe. Whereupon I addrefled my felf to Monfiieur de
*' Mejfe. I told him what I had underftood by the King, and aflured him how
" agreeable the Conference would be to her Majefty, and how pleafing the Depu-
" tation of him to that Charge, of whofe Wifdom and Difcretion heretofore Ihe
" hath had an approved Experience. He anfvvered, the King had moved him to
" undertake the Voiage ; wherein he was yet no more refolved, then to conform
" himfelf to his Commaundments. He alleadged many Reafons for Excufe, the

Z z z z Sharpnefs

^62 Mr.WimvooDS Negotiation in France. Book 1\' .

Sharpnefs of this Seafon, the weaknefs of his Age, the dowbt he had of the

Iffue of the Conference, which could not be grateful), they infifting upon
" their Complaints, we upon the Ternies of our Juftice ; and therefore he would
« ' firfl conferr with Monfieur de V'tlleroy, about lorne means that might give a
" general! Contentment to all Parties that were agreeved, before he would re-
" iblve; which notwithftanding he would not do, but that by Letters from
" Monfieur de Boijijfe, and by relation from Monfieur de VzUeroy, and laflly
" by me, he was affured, how much her Majefty did defire that he Ihould be im-
" ployed in this Ad;ion. I prayed him, that though this Conference Hiould be
'' the material Charge committed unto him, yet to remember what was promyfed
" when the Conference was propofed : The Afiiirance for reimbourfment
" within one Monethj and the raf^eall for the Rigour of the Arrejl of Roiien;
•' neither of which yet are fettled; in both which he will endeavour to bring
" with him Contentment.

After longDeliberration, and defyre of a collourable Pretext, (leaft there Judg-
ments ihould be called in queflion) to recall tho/e "Defences which fo lately
were publilhed, the Counfaill upon Saterday was fennight, hath re-eftabltjhed
the Intercourfe of Commerce with Spaine. Yt was expeded that the Spanifh
AmbafTador v/ould have foUicited the Repeall; but he knows too well, that the
Eflate of their Affaires, the Neceffity of their People, and the Inftance of their
owne Subjedls, would open the Trade; which was inter diBed upon no greater
Grounds., then to make Experience of a few Monet hs^ how their Mar chants
could pafs without yt.

It is here advertized, that there are out Of Italy 3 000 Men, for Supply to
iht Arch-duke : i^oo Spaniards, and the icH Millajiois 2.nd Neapolitaus.

The Viceroy of Naples is lately dead. The Trincejfe of Lorraine departs
from hence within a Day or two, and Madame with her ; though foe protefteth
Jiillfor her unchangable Refolution. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary CecylL

Right Honorable, Tar is, 1^^ "Dec. 1601. O. S.

MOnfieur de Meffe hath fo much prevailed, yf not to be exempted, yet to
be excufed from the imploiement for the Conference, untill the Sharpnels
of this Seafon fliall be paffed over ; which he pretended the Weaknels of his Age
in fo long and wearyfome a Jorney, hath not powre well to llipport. I find Ibme
hope he hath (e chi ha tempo ha vita, for he doth greatly feare that the Ifliie
of that Bufynefs, without fome Appointment be made, will not fucceed to Con-
tentment) during this Delay, to procure his Releafe. Now the Refolution is ta-
ken, that Monfieur de Beaumont ihall prefently be difpatched, who this Daie is
to take his Oath in the Counfaill, (for Ambaffadors here are Councellers of
Efiate,) and then hath only to attend to take leave of the King. At twoe feve-
rall times that I have had Speech with him, fmce the laft Refolution for his De-
parture, he hath affured me, that he hath received promefTe from Monfieur de
Villeroy that he lliall have powre to afihre her Majeftie for Satisfa(Stion for her
Reimbourfement. I am loath to forefpeake their kindnefs, yet I fear when it
comes, it will fcarcely be worth the paines which hath been taken to follicite
the Paiment; nothing proportionable to any partof herMajeftie's Merite, or to
the Occafions of her great Service ; for L cannot uuderftand that ilie is couched
tn the EJiate of the Pittances for this Year, for more then zooooo Crowns ;
and that Sume, (final as it is) may be fubjedt before the Yeare fiiall end to De-
falcation.

I have

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooDs Negotiation mFrance» 36^3

, I have very lately had long Conference wich Monfieur de Bnzenvall, partely An. i6oi.
to k/ww the Opinion be hath of the Strength of the States^ partely to knoizi the
Aflr^ion the King cloth bear them, and what Intention he hath for their Con-
fervation. For the firfl, his Opinion is, that they are extrcamly weak, and long
cannot (land; which he doth interpret not for Years, but for Moncths. That
f()ddaineh they '■jviil fuik, and v^hcn once they begin to fail/, they i;jill fall he ad-
long, lijithont remedy to be relieved, or hope to be recovered. And if they fall
to a Peace, (which ihall be by hazard,) they will run tumultuoufly, the one to
prevent the other, nether rcfpe^ing much their O'jvn good, or the good of their
Friends. He comparcth them to the Marchant who muft needs plaie Bankrupt,
who after the Stock is confumed, doth fpend only upon Credit: And to a wafted
Lamp, whole laft Light doth give the greatcfl FJalh. Their prefent State he
holds to be their former Reputation, and their Ennemies iveaknefs their only
Strength His Realons are, their want of means, to liipport lo micrhtie and
dayly a Charge. Fonds of Treallire they have none, nor means to raife any.
Within the Country there is Wealth llifficient, bttt that is to particular Men,
whofe "Purfe the Tublike hath nopoiz're to command. Abroad their Hopes are
frujirate: England cannot, and (as be faith) hath fo declared. France will
not. The Princes of Germanic, devided more in AfFedion then in State, iti their
laft Adlion have difcovered the Dulnefs of their Spirit, and weaknefs of their Re-
folution. To this he added, the'Difinion of theVnitedTrovznces, whofeCon-
f derations, privat Commodity, not Care of the publike doth commaimd; which
caufeth tbefe Enterprizes to be undertaken, wherein private RefpeBs have
moft Inter efl. And when nothing doth combine but Gaine and Combdity, not
Religion, (for it is lawfall not to confefs the Religion there receaved) ytfollow-
eth^ that their Gaine once decaieing, their Societie will foon after feparate.

Now for the Kings defire, or potirpofe of their Con fervation, he faith, that
he hath remonftrated the NeceJJity of their Affaires to him, to his Coimfailly
to thofe in particular who commaund all, that from hence they mufi be reliev-
ed, or of force muji fall; and hath negotiated their Caufe, more like their owne
Minifter, then the King's AmbaffadoY. But not being able to Jhewe any parti-
cular 'Vtility that this Crowne Jhall re ape by their Subfifance, as to hold any
Tpwne in Hojiage as her Majeflie doth,, (which is a great Mote in their Eyes)
or to gaine any Soveraigntie over thetn, (the Nature of that People nothing fym-
bolizing with the French Humor) nor to Jhew any other means to uphold them,
without making a prefent Rupture with Spaine, (which who perfdvades is
Anathema') \it thinks the King will fooner refoive to recrad: from them the
fmal Provifion of 1 5-0000 Crowns, which yearly of late they have receaved,
fith it makes fo great a Bruit and doth them no more good, then to be drawen to
grant a greater Encreafe. This is the Sume of what I learned of him, which I
rapport to your Honor's Judgment.

The Duke de Maine hath lollicited the King for a Prolongation of the Terme
(which within one Year doth expire) of thole Towns which were given him for
Securete at the Treaty for his accord, viz. Challons, Seurre, and Soyffons: AI-
leaging, that being deprived of them, he lieth open to the Malice of his Enemies.
That the Catholicks, in cafe they fliould be aftailed by the Religion, have no
other retreat or recourfe. The King anfwered, that he wold be his TroteBor a-
gainfi all his Enemies: That he was miflaken, if he took himfelfto be the 'Fa-
ir on of the Cat ho It ks, whereof he only was the Head. He wijht him not to
trobble him more with that motion, which he wold never accord. Sence, the
Duke of Lorraine hath follicited the King for him, and the Duke de Maine doth
offer to pay the Garrifons at his owne Charges, but the King will not barken.
He hath offered the Duke zooooo Cfowns to content him, which he refufeth to
accept.

Monfieur de Lefdiguieres, (who pretendeth a Debt of the Kings, amounting
to the Sume of 160000 Crowns, which he disbourfed in his Service in the Jate
Warres,) having often follicited Repaiement from Monfieur de Rhofny^ without

hope

3^4 Mr.V^ iJ^y^ooD s Negotiation inV mncQ. Book IV.

^n. 1601. hope of effedi, arretled the Farmers of Salte mT>au^hine., which he wold not re-
~ ' -^ leafe, untell the Farmers of Sake had aflfured him his Money. The Farmers make
their Complaint to the Counfaill, to whom he himfelf did write, fiiewing what
he had don, and the Reafon ; adding^ that he knew that it was not the King's
Tleafure he Jhould fo be treated^ but offome, who did envie the good Services
he had done to this Crowne. What he had done he wold maintaine with his
Sworde ; dnd whofoever Jhould come to controll it^ were he not the King his
Mafter inTerfon-) he wold make him bear away his Blowes. Order is taken, that
within three Years his Debt fliall be difcharged. Monfieur Lefdiguieres hath
pourchafed Lands and PofTeflions within the Territory oi Berne in Snijfe, and
hath made \\im^t\i Bonrgeoife oftheTowne: And fome addj (though without
Probabillity,) that he hath made an Alliance with that State., offenjive and de-
fenjive.

The lafl time that the King was at V'ernueil, Monfieur de BoidiJJlere^ being
in company with Monfieur BeauvoirNangys, complained of the Wrong the King
had done him for his Tiaughter^ whofe Honor he had ravijhed^ and deluded
him with many fruit lejje Tromifes, and at length had expo fed him to the Shame
of the World. He began thereupon to proteft, that he was refolved to be re-
venged, and to kill the King. Beauvoir Nangys advifed him to more Modera-
tion ; but feeing him perfift in his Furie, departed, and fent unto him Monfieur
de Montigny Governor oi Blois, who found him in that phranticall Humor. IDe
Montigny acquainted la Verrane^ Controller of the Ports, (who is \\\tMezz,ano
between the King and his Daughter.) La Verrane pofteth to Vernueil, and ad-
vertizeth the King, who at that inftant receaved a Letter from la Boidiffiere^
Iblliciting for Accefs. The King retorned Anfwer, commanding him not to fir
from Paris, where he himfelf wold be within feaw days ; then adviled how to
appeale his Furie. To committ him to Prifon were to exafperate his Frenfie,
and to dilcover his owne Shame to the Reproach of the World, and thereupon
refolved to commaund Monfieur de Rhofny to deliver unto him 3 0000 Crowns, as
he tendered the Safety of his Perfon, and his Life ; which were forthwith deh-
vered and receaved. And fin fe^ he hath had no feeling of his owne., or his
'Daughter'' s Honor-., to whom the King doth give 5:00 Ducats Penfion byMoneth,
whereof the Father retaineth twoe for himfelf.

I prefume to deliver to your Honor thefe Particularities barely as t have re-
ceaved them from a very good hand, without Glojfe or Scholie ; which are here
taken for ajfured Trefages., of no lefs f range then foddaine Alteration in the
Government of this State. Here is a four d Bruit (I know not upon what Rea-
fon or Prefumption grounded) that Monfieur deVilleroy will make himfelf Gzr-
di^ial:, and by reafon of the many Infirmities of the Chancellier, that the King
will make him Garde de Sedux^ fome add likewife, Archbijhop of Lions ; be-
becaufe the Chancellier's Sonn, (who is poflbfTed of that Place) is become very
fencelefs, and void of all Underflanding. The Marefchal Biron is gone into
Borgogne^ and from thence doth goe to the Suijfe, to confirm the Alliance
which Monfieur de Sillery hath negotiated. He hath obtained leave to go after-
wards into Italic, only for defire to fee the Country. The Trincejfe of Lor-
raine is not yet departed, Madame being either Jick, or not willing yet to goC.

Here arrived this Week pafl: a Nuntio from Rome, to congratulate the Birth
of the T>auphin. The Duke of Lorraine doth joyne with both the Princes
for the Advancement of the Jefuits Tretenfions, who are in great hope to be
rejiored. The Earle of Weftmorland is lately dead at Newport. Here pafled
this Week pall through ^isTo^x^QThomas James, one oi ihaTarfoJu the^^-
fuits Factors, into Spaine. Some three Days fence the King receaved News that
Count Maurice is rifen from before Bolduc.

I very humbly beleeche your Honor, to recommend unto the Lord Treforier
the Paiement of my Provifion. The 14th of the lafl three Moneths were un-
paid, whereby I have ben driven into fome Extremities, and my Bills of Ex-
change

Book IV. Mr.WimvooDs Negotiation in'Francc. 3^5

change had been protcflcd, if my private Friends had not faved me from xh^zAn. 1601.
Shame. And fo I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor s, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is, 2'^^T)ec. 1601. O.S.

YT is lb lace fmcc I wrote, and I now have fo httcll ro write, that at this
time I wold have forborne, but that this Gcntkiiaai\(Mv. HattonFarmerJ
retorning from hence, was unwilling to prefent his Service to your Honor with
empty Hands. The Princes of Lorraine departed ycfterday from this Town,
and Afadam with them; whome the King did accorapanie fome feaw Leagues on
their waie. The Duke hath receaved the Contentment he defired, both for the
Debt which he pretended to be dewe unto him , for Mony disburied in the late
King'-s Service, and for the Dowery which the Duke of Barr his Son doth de-
mand for Madame. She dothprotejl ajjnredly for the Terfeveraiice in her Re-
ligion, and doth now carrie with her a Minifter into Lorraine. Yet they which
wiJh and long for her Revoke, do deliver, that /he hath taken a time of fix
Monet hs to refolve, which caufed the Duke to furceafe from further Sollicita-
tion. Which was not difagreeable to the King's Defires, '■j::ho rather doth wiJh
her alteration in Lorraine, then in this Courte ; to difcharge himfelffror/i thofe
Imputations of''l)nkindnefs and Hardnefs of Heart, which were divulged and
made knowen unto him, and wold ever lye heavy and hatefull upon his Ho-
nour.

The Bifliop of Eurenx hath put that in print, which hath pafled between th6
Minifter and him, whereof I fend one Copie to your Honor. The extraordina-
ry Nuncio doth rcmonftrate to the King, theDifcontentment the 'Pi?^^' doth cou-
ceave, for the dailie Afliflance the States do receave from him; and iliewed Let-
ters from the King of Spaifie to the Tope, complaining of that Wrong, and fol-
liciring RedrelTe by his Mediation. He defcended to Particularities, urging how
prejudicial! the Voiage of Calais was to the Archduke'?, Affaires, whereby in the
heat of the Siege ofOJiend, he was conftrained to divert his Forces, for the rein-
forcing of his Frontier Garrifons. Then, that by the Sumes of Mony which year-
ly he contributs, they are inabled to ilipport the Charge of theWarr. Laftly,
that the Rcfidence of his Ambajfador amongft them, doth prefuppofe an Alli-
ance, and give them the Reputation of a formed and approved State. The
King's Anfwer was, That his Jorny to Calais was only to fee his Frontier
Townes, and had no other end, as fmce the Effeit hath proved. The Sumes
of Mony which he fupplied, were not great, and only were for Repaiement of
parte of thofe Debts, which long fence he borrowed of them. His Ambaflador
was now in this Towne, and yf he ihould retorne, it fhould be only to clear his
Accounts with them, and for fome private Occafions of his owne. ThisiV/«2-
cio hath brought with him to the Dauphin certaine Reliques , and petit Pre-
fents, to the vallew of 4000 Ducats. Yf thele were only formall Complements
or externall Ceremonies, they well might pafTe without Obfervation ; but this
doth deferve the Confideration, that fence, the Memorie of our Forefathers, the
See (^/'Rome was iicver fo potent, nor the Alliance fo flraight, as nowe it is
in this Reahne. They only are heard and beleeved, do commatmd in this Court,
and that in cheefe, who were the fir fl Authours, and moji principall ABors in
the League, and in confequence. Creatures and Vajfalls ofKams.. Monfieur de
Rhofny (that his Brother may receave better Treatment, and more eafilie ad-
vance the King's Affaires for his greater Credit) doth make way to the Tope's
Negotiations; and for i\\e Re-efiablifmnent ofthejefiiit^ is fo forward, (who

5" A - yet

^S6 Air. Win wood'^ Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1601 . yet are not reftored) that he will Jtot oppofe himfelf in a Cmife, ufm the Ijfue
whereof, he well knowes , the Propagation of the 'DoBrine of that Church
within this Realme, doth cheefely depend. The Emperoiir hath refolved to
fend hether an AmbafTador, whole Style I know not, but his Name is Scham-
bourgh, Captaine of his Gardes, and Marefchal of his Lodgings. The King's A-
genf there doth write, that befides all ordinary Complements for the Marriage
and the 'Dauphin^ he hath Charge to foilicite for Afllfiance againft the Turk, and
to move the King to withdraw all future Succours from the States. So that it
feems (which the Nuncio doth likewife intimate) that there is a pourpofe, to
combine in manie Forces together, for their final Ruine andT)efruSlion.

The Duke olBonillbn from Mangnlo, is retired to Sedan. The Arbitrarrient did
take no great Effedl. The Count oi Ltgnes, loth to departe from that he holds, for
Exchange, wold turne over the Prince of £/^i;7(y to certaine PofTeflidris, which
the States in Holland do detaine from him. M deRhofny (who wold be glad his
Sonne might recover any thing in anyplace,) better acquainted how to deny, then
accujiomed to be denied, and knowing the great Ufe that the States might make
of his Favour, did never mifdoubt to be refufed in that Demand. But finding the
Difficultie more then he expedted, h^ih fence handled their Agent, foUiciting his
Affaires, as he takes it, fomewhat uncurteoufly; whereof he being impatient^
hath procured to receave an Anfvvere (even in his Pourfuites for Mony) from
Monfieur de Villeroy, without renvoy to Monfieur de Rhofny. Wherein perhaps
he may do fbme wrong to his Mafter's Service, which thereby may {ee\ a pre-
fent fmarte. This Proceeding of his, will nourilh that irreconcileable T'ique
which is between thefe two Grand Seigniors. Tet it wold well have becom'd
his Patience, and the neceffity of thofe Affaires of which he is to treat, to have
humbled himfelf to the Humours of this Man, to which the Trinces of the
Blood do ftoope and give place.

Since the Duke oi Bouillon's Departure, (by fuch Offices as (144) the King
hath done) Madame is greatly incenfed againft him ; being contented to beleevCj
that in this Conference which was intended, the Duke did not fo much affed: the
Satisfadion of her Confcience, as the Vanitie of his owne Glorie ; thereby tci
build upon her Weaknefs, Trophees, to raife up the height of that Greatnels
which he doth ayme at, to be receaved and reverenced as the 'Patron and Prote-
stor of the Religion. This Fantafie hath fo deeply pofleff"ed her Mind, that fhe
could not deferable her Difpleafiire; but hath declared, that this was a Traine
complotted by him, to bring her Honor upon the Stage, and to leade her in Tri-
omphe through the Reformed Churches, both within and without the Realme.

The King doth pourpofe to renewe the Fortifications of the Sea Townes in
Provence, zs oi Antibes, andToulon; rather, I think, upon fiifped: of fome luch
like Pradize which the laft Yeare was intended vi^onMarfeilles, then for fear of
open Invafion. For fo it ftands between him and Spaine, both in Watch and
Warde attending the Opportunity , who can firft get the fart of the other.
There are Letters from Barcelona of the 14'^ of this laft, which report the Fleet
is retorned from the Indies with nine millions and a half, whereof fix are to the
King. I have Ipoken with Antonio Perez about this point, who doth not re-
member that in his time the King's part was ever fo great, unlefs it came by the
Change of Govemours, or the Sale of Lands. The fame Ordonances being iti
thofe parts which are in Turkey, that the Children inherit not their Father's
Lands, but all, both Lands and E fates, doth retorne to the King, upon the
^eceafe of the Pojfejfor. Monfieur de Beaumont did take leave of the King up-
on Sonday laft, and will be m England fome time the next Week. And ib, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Wmr

Book IV. Mr.W imvooDs Negotiatio?! ifiVrance. 3^7

Mr. Winwood U Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable, Taris %i^'-'Dec. 1601. O.S.

TH E niofl; I have at this prefcnt to advertize is, that here is nothing to be
advciti/.ed. Monficur ae Beaumont (who departed from hence many
Daics fence for England) harh, as I am enformcd, Commiffion to joinc with
Monficur de BnifiJJ'e for the Caulcs of IDepredatlon nowe in queftion, and In-
llruiHons accordingly howe to proceed. He hath hkewifc, as I underftand, War-
rant at his fecond aecefsy (for the firft will be only for Complements tobe rccea-
ved into his Charge,) to give her Majeftie afTurancc for {omQ Reir/ibourfemejit ;
but the Sume is fo dilproportionable to her Expcdtation, and to the Neceflity of
her Affaires, That I fear flie hath caufe of no fcfs Difcontent, to fee her Merits
lb flcighdy rcfpeiled, then yf Ihe fliould have been in her jufl Demands abfo-
lutcly refulcd: For yf my Information doth not deceive me, he hath Powre on-
ly to afTure foooo Ducats for this Yeare now coming, and 50000 for the Yeare
which fliall foUowe. Which may feem the more ftrange, becaufe when the E-
Jiate of the Finances mOBober XdSk, was dreffed m grofs for this Yeare which
now enfueth; the Paicment afligned to her Majcftie did amount to looooo Du-
cats. In this proportion the Penfions are retrenched, or at leafl:, they are defi-
Tous it ihould iJo be beleeved; as that of zhe Conjiables of 5'pooo Ducats to 50000
Livrcs, the Dnkc of BouiUbus of 40000 Ducats to loooo Ducats, and fo through
iall, even to the Gentlemen of his Chamber. And fo great a Greife is it to de-
part from ?vloney, that Madame at her Departure, (though flie founded in the
King's Arms when flie tooke her leave) entreating only the advance of parte of
her Tenflon, and not for more then 6000 IDucats, could not obtaine that fmale
'Ciirtejie. So y t appeareth by this great good Husbandry, (for the Revenew was
never greater, which by daily Impofition doth encreafe more and more,) that the
Refolution is taken to have their Cbff'ers well provided; either for the effecting
of any Enterprize v\'hich fliall be undertaken, or the withftanding of any Attempt
(which rather may be doubted) either by forreigne Force, or Prad:ice at home.

La Marqtiije is lodged in the Louvre, which doth ?ninifter much Subje5i of
T^ifcourfe: And now (the Realme being bleffed by the Birth of the'DauphinJ
doth give a great and publique Scandal. Yt hath been queftioned, whither her
Son fliould not be bred up with the Tiauphin at St. Germains : And to the Licon-
gruities thereof that were objeded, the King made this Anfwer, That it could
not be fo fcandaloufe, the one being the Son <?/" France, the other of the King.
The beginning of the Holydaies here, the King did take Phifike, partly upon
the Indifpoficiou of his Health, (for the Zeal of his Religion did make him take
Cold at the Midnight Mafs upon Chriftmas Day Morning,) partly upon a great
Difcontent wherewith he was much trobled, by * an audacious pranke of the
Prince of Joynville, for the -which he is commaunded to avoid the Realme. The
Fa6t I have written apart, becaufe the Circumllances are many, which I fend,
herewith to your Honor.

The twoe latter Triefts, as I underfland, are come from Newport, whether
they went to fpeake with the Legat or Nuncio which refides with the Archduke -,
and have found here their Compagnions, who long have attended them. Their
Cattfe is recommended by the King to his AmbafTador ztRome, and to Cardinal
d'Offat. This Favour they finde, by the means of an Englijbman whole Name
is James Hill, who fometimes hath followed the Duke de Mayene, and fince the
Affaires of the "Duke of MercKur.

I am enformed that the Bifhop of Glafcoe hath follicitted the twoe Nuncio's
which now are here, to be Mediator to the Tope, for the EreBion of two Semi-

* Bafowfiere, in the firft Volume of his Memoirs, gives fome account of this Aflfiiir, to which I refer
the Reader.

tiaries

$<^8 MnWi^v^ooDsiSfegotiationinTmnce. Book IV.

j^n. 1601. naries of that Nation, the one in this Towne, the other z;^Rome. They both
refufe to treate with him, becauie he is AmbaiTador to a Prince whom they ac
count not Catholick, and have entreated him to have patience untill they jhal
have Warrant from the Tope. Although this be a particular Pra£tice of hi
owne inconfiderate Zeale, yet the'DiJhonour will fall upon the Terfon of th
Trince-, whofe Minifter he is knowen and reputed to be.

By Letters from Trague of the 4* of this Moneth, by that Style, the Arch-
lauke Ferdinando of Gratz, with the Duke of Mantua, did rife from before Ca-
mji\ but their Retreat was fo diflionourable, that their Men were cut in pieces,
their Bagage lofl, and the Artillerie left behind them. This Diiafter is imputed
TO the Extremitie of a Storm, which with Violence did carry away their Tents;
but the King's Agent with the Emperour doth write, that they could he content
to borrow any Pretext to difguife the Shame of their 'Difhonour. The Prince
of Orange pafled this Week from hence into Spaine; and the Week before,
Lonis de Valafco from Spaitie into Flanders.

I receaved thefe two Letters, from one that termes himfelf Captaine Smith.
He feems to be in want, and wold willingly perfwade me, that I hadOrdonance
from your Honor to furnifli him. I have anfwered, that if I had I would not re-
fufe him, and untill I iliould have he muft excule me, not to furnifli them, whofe
Demerits have cad them out of her Majeftie's Favour and Protedion. Elliot ( as
I am enformed by thofe who mod converfed with him in this Towne) is retorn-
ed into Scotland, from whence he lately came.

Yefterday the King receaved Letters from Calais, that O^tx\^jhould be either
rendered, or taken by CompoJItion. Whereof, though the Probabilities be very
fmale, yet the Report is generally receaved, and credibly beleeved; and the
Comrnaunders therein taxed, of want both of Courage and Loyaltie. The fame
Night the Lord Saker came from before the Towne, which at his Departure re-
mained in the former State. This Pamphlet, will demonftrate the Paffions which
xeign here. The Bifliop hath found one who doth Ipeak French to him, and
i)eats him downe with his owne Weapon. There is a Book in the Prefs ^.iTottr-
•nay, which beareth this Title, Les Nullities du Marriage du Roy de France^
compofed by one Boucher, one of xh^Jixteen in the Fury of the League. So
that thefe Paffions do ftill boyl in their BreaPcs, which when once they iliall
break forth againe into Flame, y twill more eafy ruind quam aqua extinguere.
Andfo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

TOSTSCRITT.

After this Packet was clofed up, I underftood that the King hath receaved
Letters the laft Week from Monfieur la Boderie his AmbafTador with the Arch-
duke, that the danger wherein Ojiende did fland ready to be rendered into the
Enemies Hands, did arife by the T>iforder of the Soldiars within ; which by the
•Wilciom of Sir Francis Vere, and his Refolution, together with the happy Suc-
cours (which a point nomme iLvrivcd from England, J was remedied, and the
Towne thereby miraculoufly faved : So now we hope the Chaunce is turned. It
IS fay d, that the Prince oi Orange, when he was in this Towne, ihould give
forth, that within few days there would fall out a great Alteration in the
Affaires of the Towne-, which may give juft occafion of Sufped;, that they held
within an Intelligence, which gave them hart thus obftinately to perfift, and hope
to Carrie the Place. The King was much perplexed with the former Advice^
for he know^eth he hath an Interefl in the Conlervation of the States^ though he
Will not declare himfelf a Party in the Quarrell.

Mr. Secre-

Book I V. Mr.WimvooDs Negotiation in France.

Mr. S'ecrc'/ary Cccyll io Mr. Winwood.

. iWr. Winwood, z January, 1601.

BECAUSE you may not be Ignorant of the Truth of her Majeftie's Pro-
ceeding mJr eland, I have thought fit with all Expedition, to advertize yoii
how things l)a\c proceeded in that Kingdome. * As ibon as 'Don Jnan deLAcgui-
la had landed 4000 Foot in the Haven oi Kingfak in Mimjier, (for fo it is trew
hcdi'l, ahliough at the firlt their Nombers wearc luppofed to be Icfs,) he rctourn-
rd all his Ships into Spajue, dclyringc with all Expedition, that he might befup-
plicd within a Moncth after. This Defccnt was made the 21'"^ of September lafl,
at wliich tymc the Trcjident of the 'Province, was gon Vq> meete the Depify,
flxty Milesjofl^ Both which, as foone as they heard it, drew downe to the Sea-
fydc with ail Ipccd poHible ; and although in 14 Daycs after, they could not draw
above 3000 Foote together to head, yet with thoie, and 300 Horfc, they invejl-
ed the Toivnc ; as well to give Repiiration to her Majeftie's Cauic, (thereby to
Gonrayne the 'FrovincyaUs-,) as to hinder them from making any ufe of the
Counireyes Provifion. In the mean tymc, untill her Majeftie fent her Supplyesi
out of England of Men and Munition, the Spaniards made divers Sallyes,
though with fmail Advantage, and when the Supplyes did arrive, (which made
up the Army hardly 6000 Heads) the Depity immediately planted his Artillery
and played upon the Towne, with ptirpoie to force a Breach, which was done
about the 5* of 'December \ in which very inftant, the whoale Powet of all
the Rebells (bcinge indeed thfe choiceft Men that ever Ireland had together)
amounting to the Number of 6000 Foot and 800 Horfe, weare come within
12 Myles of the Campe. At which Inftatit (even the very fame Day) Sebeure
arrived from Spayne within 8 Myles of Kingfale with 700 Souldyers, and great
Store of Provifions of Vidualls and Munitions ; all which he thought to have landed
in the Harbour of ATi^/g/?/^, yf he had not found^of her Majeftie's Fleet Within the
Harbour. There came alfo four Barks more to Baltimore '^s^diBeerha'ven.yV^Michc^xaQ
in his Company, but were fevered, and fo recovered that Coafl, where they on-
ly have landed ifo, in each of thofe Ports. All thele that Came in thus difperfed,
were of this Squadron under Sebeure, who was driven backe into Spayne, when
Don Juan firft came on with the whole Army, it beinge at firft 5'ooo Heads in all.
This new Approach of the Traytotir, concurringe with the prefent Arrivall of
the Spaniards, though the Nomber of them was no greater, rayfed in the MindS
of all the Kingdome (whereof the greateft Tart were ill affeBedJ lb many
flirewd Apprehenfions, as gave the Lord Deputy great Caufe to forbear the ha-
zarding the Qiieen's Army (which was fb greatly weakned by the incommodities
of a Wynter Seige) from undertaking an AfTault, wherein there were 4000 Bo-
dyes^ and of them 20 Companies old Souldyers, commanded by fo many Cap-
raines of the Low Countreyes. And therefore his Lordfliip took a Refolution to
attend a better Commodity, when he fhould have removed the Forces at his backe,,
and fo with lefs hazard proceed to an AfTault ; wherein the leaft Difafter he could
have fuflered, would have changed the whole Face of the Kingdome,. and every
encounter which had not been profperous, accoiiipted for an overthrow. The
next worke therefore he did, was to fend three or four Shippes to the Harbour in-
to Caftehaven, there to attempt upon the Shippinge, before they had unladen the
Provifions. Where (to be Ihort) the Admiral Sir Richard Levefon, notwith-
ftanding that Sebeure had drawne the Shippinge under the Favour of eight Pieces
of Artillery, (which he had landed to guard his Shippinge) after five Howers
fight, funk three, ran two on the Shoare, and fyndinge himfelf contynually
played upon from the Shoare withMusketts Shott and the great Artillery, warped

* Morrjfon (who was Secretary to the Lord Befnty,) has given us a very exaft Account of this Vfholc
Affair, to which I beg leave to refer the Reader. Vide his Itinerary, Book x. p. 1341 4^^'

5 B out

|7o Mr.V^ii^'^ooDS Negotiation inVrance. Book IV.

j^n. i6oi. out as conveniently as he couldj haveing twelve Men killed in his owne Shippe,
forty Men hurt, and his Shippe ihott through a hundred tymes. Thefe Provi-
fions being thus confumed, (which was the cheif end of all Sir Richard's goin"
thither) he came back to Kingfale : And Sebeure then refolved, firll to fend uo
his Spaniards to joyne with the Traytor's Army-, thereby hopeing to be able to
enter the Towne by a maine AlTault upon the Campe. According to which Coun-
cell, upon the i^^h of "December feaven Enfignes of the Spaniards joyned with
Tyrone-, Sebeure himfelf remaining behinde, and fortefying in Cajilehaven, to
tiae intent the King of Sfayne might be fure of another Port to land his fecond
Army, which is prepared at Lisbone to the Nomber of 5000 Souldyers. After
tlie Spaniards were thus incorporated into Tyrone's Carripe, (private Letters
paffinge between Tion Juan and him) it was agreed between them, that on
Chrijtmas-Eve-, Tyrone iliould attempt one quarter, and Tion Juan fliould do
the like in Front, upon a Signall given. Of which fecret purpofe, the Trefident
(by his Efpiall in the Country) beeing able to advertize the Deputy, his Lord-
fliip refolved (as weake as he was) to rife and fight with the Traytors, which
he did in this manner. He drew out 1000 Foote, commanded by Sir Henry
T^ower (which was a volant Regiment-, compounded of the befl: of every Com-
pany) and 300 Horfe, with which only he rdfe; givinge Order to the reft of
the Campe, to make good their Guards towards the Towne, which was ready
to have lallyed with i foo Men. By that tyrrte this was done, the Rebell was
come within half a Myle, (beeinge early in the Morning) whofe purpoie was to
have put in all the Spaniards and 1000 Irijh for reliefe of the Towne ; which
1000 IriJh were in the Vantguard, and the Spaniards in a Body apart:, wyde
from the Battalion and the Reare. The Deputy fynding the Place advantageous
for him, (becaufe it was out of the Woods and Bogges) commanded the Mariliail
Sir Richard JVyngfield-, and Sir Henry Davers to charge with the Horfe ; who
did it bravely, and brake the Foote in the Vantguard firft, then did the Battalion
begyn to breake, and fo fome Diforder appeared in the whole Campe ; whereof
the Lord Deputy efpieing his Advantage, drew up Sir Henry Tower with the
Foote, and prefently came on upon the Spanijh Squadron firft, and brake them ;
whereupon the reft rann away confufedly, and {o the Deputy's Horfe fell to
Execution, as well of the Irijh-, as of them. There were in all, ixoo dead Bo-
dyes left in the Place. Of the Spaniards^ there were fome 100 taken alive, and
the reft, (being three or four hundred Slayne) the IriJh all cut in Pieces: For the
reft of the Rebells, they faved themfelves by flight, beeinge near their fafinejfes'.,
without hope of which retreyt, they would never have come fo far onward as
they did : Nether would the Deputy have fufFered that Army to have lodged fb
neere him, if once he could have got them into the Plaines. Hefetiponi this great
Army's whoale Strength (beeinge the ftrongeft that ever was amaffed in Ire-
land,) is utterly broken ; and therefore, I doubt not, but to advertize you by
the next, that the Army hath entered Kingfale: For uppon what Price foever
it be, her Majefty muft have it, before the new Supplyes be arrived. Befydes
thefe dead Bodyes, there were 800 hurt, and above 4000 Armes recovered fjy
the Souldyers, whofe greedinefs of Pillage, did hinder much of the Execution. It
is true, that befydes the Glory of this prefent Succefs, this Vidtory (when in
Trewth the Inihjhewed great Cowardife, even in the Eye and Company of the
Spaniards,) hath bredd fo ill an ImprefTion in their Myndes, as the Maifters of
the Camp., and principall Commanders that afe taken Prifoners, do not only ex-
claime agaynft their Cowardife, but do underhand murmur, that they arefecret-
ly accorded with her Majejiy to betray them. Which Diffidence, although it be
more imprinted then there is Caufe, yet to tell you trew, they do now infynite-
ly underhand work for Mercy at her Majefties hands-, and offer to renounce all
Forrayne Support-, and to joyne with her Majejiy to their Cbnfufion.

Thus have I given you the Subftance of this Proceeding, whereof Sir Henry
"Davers is the Reporter; whom the Deputy imployed hether, as a good Oppor-
tunity to help him to kyffe her Majefties Hands ; in whofe good Opinion he hath

keen

Book IV. Mr.W iNwooDs Negotiatio?! inVrance. 371

l>een a good v:htlc fufpendcd^ be'tugc kno-sjue to be ?/iore devoted to the late An.\6oi.
Earle thru became him, although he went not lb tarr as to break the maync
Poynrs of his Allcagancc. Of thcfc thingcs, I have thought it not impertinent
to make iome Dedudtion ab ovo-, hecaufe 1 kno'-ji) that Nation fo apt to CcnfurCy
cfpccially beciiigc unacquaynted what the MifTcry of that Countrcy is, where
no Army that lyes in the Field need other Enemy then the Clymatc. In regard
of which difficulties, yf the King Ihall not be moved to thinkc, that Gratitude
tycs him to fbme other Courfe with the Qiieen, (when now fhe Ihall havemofl: need
of it,) I know not what may move him. I pray you therefore, when you take
occafion to acquaint hun therewith, let fall ib much of that Subjcdl as you think
fitt in your Dilcretion ; and as you may underhand, blois:)e it ahroade, how little
hope the King <?/^Spaine may repofe in the Irifli Combination^ when it comes to
the tip/hot. Notwithflandinge this likely hood of further Vidory, her Majcfty
fendcth prefently 4000 Foote more, 100 Lads of Powder, and all things propor-
tionable; having in four Moneths fpace before, fent 7000 Foote and 400 Horfe
into that Kingdome, mayntayns a Fleet upon that Coaft, and prepares another for
the Coaft of Spayne. And ib for this tyme I committ you to God.

From the Court Tour loving Friend,

^l Whitehall. RO. CECYLL,

Mr, Winwood to Mr. Secretar<y Cecyll.

Right Honorable:, Taris, January 6^^, i6oi. O. S.

IH A V E receaved many Dayes fence, your Honor's Letters of the
of "December , by the fiands of the Party to whom they were delyvered.
After his retourne to this Towne, he made fom aboade of tenn Dayes for the
Difpatch of his private Occafions;, in which tyme, he often conferred with mc
abodt the particular Points of his Negotiation, for the better SatLsfadtion of his
Underflanding, and for the Addrefs of his Letters: Wherein I have advifed him,
of all Matters that lliall import^ to fend a Duplicat by divers Wayes, that if the
one fliall mifcarrie, yet the other may have a fafe ricapto. And becaufe here
we fpeake of nothing more, then of the great Preparations which now Ire in
hand at Lisbone, yf at his arrivall the fame Reports fhall there be veryfyed, I
have willied him fthe Eye being a trewer Jtidge than the Ear) to make a Step
into thofe Parts, for his more eafie Accefle to acquayntance, which may give
him an Entre to the Knowledge of Affayres. I have procured him very Ipeciall
Recommendations, by Letters to the Ambafladors of Florence and of Venice^
which refyde in that Court ; which notwithftanding I have refferred to his Difcre-
tion, to be ufed as prelent Circumftances ihall minifter occafion : For his owne
Judgment muji be his T>ire^ion, and in all Ajfaires of foddaine 'Dijpatche
that Counfaill is only of ufcy which is taken fur le champ. He is now on his
Way, and will be at Bayonne, by that tyme thefe Letters fliall come to your Honor.
The late remarkable Accident of OJiend, did minifter here very ftrange Dif-
totirfes. For fyrft it was reported, (and that in the beft Places) That Sir Fran-
cis Vere had fold the Towne to the Archduke for xooooo Crowns. Then, that
the Capitulation was made by Commaundment from her Majefty ; who was re-
iblved to make her Peace upon thefe Termes : That llie would deliver Of end
and VUjhing to the Archduke ; and that the King of Sfayne, Hiould retyre his
Forces from Irela7tde, and pay unto her thofe Soms of Monyj which this King
doth owe her. But the Refpit of a few bowers, did make them acknowledge
the Eafmefs of their Nature, too prone to entertayne any unworthy ConceytSt
which may found to the dijhonour of their beft Friends. Yt is here reported
and beleeved. That the King of Spayne is refolved to come into Italy this Spring
in Terfon. This Refolution doch niake the Princes of Italy'^ the Seignorie of

Venici

J

37^ Mr.WiN WOOD J iSIegotiatmi in France. Book i V.

An. 1601. Venice^ and the Grand TDuke., (as their Minifters here do playnly difcover) al-
' ready to tremble. The Preparations are now great in the 'T)iiche of Milan.

Ambrofio Sfinola (as the lad Letters ixomFlorencediO afiyrme) hath Comnaif-
fion to levye 6000 Men ; and his Brother Frederigo is retourned out of Spayne:^
with Satisfaction for his former Arrears, and Advancement for Provifion of more
Gallies, which now are drejjing in Genoa, 'Naples and Skilly. This King doth
begin at thefe Bruits, to rouze him/elf; and to confider^ -jJbether part of thii
Storm may not fall upon fome part of his States. Advifc hath been geven by
fundry ways, that divers Soms of Mony, (and in good Qiiantity) have beeii fe-
cretly dijiribtited ^ixnong^k. the Garrifons in Gafcony and Beam, and thofe more
remote Parts, neare approaching to i5^^7/^. The King,- many times, otit of the
freenefs of his owne Nature, (and perhaps of purpole) doth difcover a great
Ambition of Spirit, capable to undertake any high Exployte ; yet the Love of
Eafe, and the Defire of Repofe, which his Diipofition doth affe6t (wholly devot-
ed to Plealures and Paftimes) and the State of his Body doth require, (dayly
wearing and confuming,) and the Neceffity of the Realme doth demaund, bearing
ftill the Marks of the late Miferies, which yet are Blood Raw : Befides thofe hi^
two Counfaillors do preach unto him, fthe one, no Enemy to Spayne, the other
an Enemy to all Attempts, wherein many niufl: be ufed) All thefe are Argu-
ments more then fufficient, that their Honor and E fate muft be deeply Interefed
before they will be induced to an open Warre. In the lad Audience which the
Agent of the States receaved (wherein he follicited for Affiftance of Mony) he
Was asked, what AfTurance his Mailers could give for the Reimbourfraent, in
cafe they ihould make their Peace with the Archduke? For to take in Of age any
of their Townes were to fmal purpofe, being fo remote from this Realme, and
unproper for their Service; and befydes, could not be receaved, without open
Declaration of Warre to the Archduke, which he was not refolved to embrace
for their Sakes. Monfieur de Rhofny, fence the breaking of the Arbitrament at
Maubugy hath made inftance to the King that he might have Letters o{ Reprifalls
againft the Archduke'^ Subjects, fence Juftice after due Requifition hath been
refufed to the Prince of Efpinoy. The Counfaill did advife upon yt, and his De-
mand it was accorded: But being perfwaded by Monfieur de P^illeroy, that this
Proceeding would make an Entrance into a Warre, he v^^as content to lett the
Matter fall, without further pourfuit. Your Honor will give me leavei to con-
clude this Poynt with this Motion ; that whilil the Defleignes of Spayne are yet
in Nubibus, uncertaine which way they will drive, and therefore the Affaires
here in a great Irrefolution, apprehending a Warre, becaufe they have not an
AfTurance of Peace ; yf her Majefty fliall be pleafed to haften her Ambaffador's
coming fomewhat the fooner, before tyme iliall fettle a clearer Judgment of
thofe doubtfuU Projedts, his Prefence may be able to worke thofe Courfes in this
Place, which may, yf not advance, yet fecond and fortifye the Service of her
State : IDum in dubio eft a^iimus, facile momenta hue illuc impellitur.

We hear that the Archduke doth fend to the Prynces in Germany an Ambafla-
dor named Vadeville, to Contrequar the Ambaffage the States fent lately to
them; to pray them to joyn with him, which may caufe a generall Peace iri
Chryltendom; to reunite to his obedience his revolted Subjects, and licence
him to levie with them 6000 Men. Amongft other Difcourfes which here we
have, this is layd, that yf the Archduke rifes from Oftend, he will be willing to
retyre himfelf from thofe Parts, and the King of Spayne as willing to re-
call him, (becaufe there is now no hope that he floall have ijfue by the Infanta,
which was the fondamentall Reafon of that Tranfport) thereby to induce the
States to a more eafie accord ; and becaufe the Somms of Mony which he did con-
tribute Monethly to the Warre, are waftfully confumed, and converted to the
fuperfluous Magnificence of their Court.

The laft Weeke, three of the Preifts that came out of England, departed
from hence, forward on their Jorney. The 'DoSior is yet here. I am dayly ask-
ed the Reafon of their Liberty : I iliape my Anfwers, according to the Humours

of

Book IV. Alr.WiNwooD^s Negotiation inTrance. 373

of the Dcmandors : To foiuc I lay, yc will now appear tliat thofc arc fcandalous ^■/// j^^or
and fallc Libells which Ibmc of t/jrir Se6i have piiblillicd, that in her Majcflic's
Rcignc, any of their Profcfllon have been pcrfccured, or have i'ufTcrcd for Reli-
gion: That their pretended Religion is but a di/guifcd Maske, tlie more covertly
to contryvc their difloyall Practizes. That the Tope is but the Vaffall of
Spa)'nc, to fend forth the Jcfuits under the colour of '■Devotiou, to make way
to his amhitions and tyranons Tieffeignes. To others, that thefc arc not the
firfl: that have been banijhtd. That the pourluitc of their Quarrels, (folio w'd on
both parts with lo much Acrimonie) doth llicw their turbulent and f editions
Spirits: and how incompatible Liberty of Conlcicnce would be with the Repofc
of her Majeftie's Government, fith in ihcixTerfecntion (as they termc yt) they
prolccute one another with this deadly Hatred. They are gone to Rome to trye
the Juftice of their CauiCj^V^Z'^'TV^^^r; where, '■ji'hich Tarty f defer Jhall gaiii^
the common Caufe muji needs loofe; "juhofe Nakednefs will be difcovered and
Jhewn difplayed, to the View of the World. I have been follicited, to fpeake
in their Favour to Monficur de Villeroy-, who took much Exception againfl the
Word Banijhment in the PafTport ; but I praied to be excufed, afTuring them,
that I would neither meddle without Warrant , nether pro nor con take notice
eyther of their Perfons or Caule. I wilhed them to ufe her Majeftie's gracious
Favours ytf^t^'/y and difcreetly., and for the right end, for the which it is in the
Bounty of her Mercy conferred upon them. Yf no other Good fucceed there-
by, yet France doth owe this Obligation to her Majeftie, that hereby theje-
ftiits Treteufions for their Re-eft ablijhment are much weaken' d^ and the Nuncio
in defpayre further to advance them.

Here is in this Town a Flemijh Gentlewoman who long tyme hath lyved in
England, and as I learn is Wydow to onQlDeetnock. She cometh ixom Rome-, whe-
ther flie pretendeth to have gone upon a ban Voiage. The Nuncio here hath
follicited the King to recommend her by his Letters to her Majeftie, but Mon-
fieur de Villeroy doth make fome difficulty to difpatche her. The Queen like-
wife hath been follicited for that purpofe, and hath promyfed her that Favour.
The Solemnities of the Chriftening are deferred fill JVhitfontyde ; from which
the Grand Duke doth excufe himlelf by the Ambaflador whom he doth fend ,
as holding yt Trefumption, to be Tartuer with fo great a Potentate as the
Tope. The Alliance with the Suijfers is accorded, but yet not fworne ; all the
Cantons, both great and fmall-^ CathoUque and of the Religion, renounce the
Alliance of Spayne, and bynde themfelves to a Ligue defenjlve and offenjive
with the Crowne of France, againft all Princes and States in the World, laving
agaynft the French Countee, ( with which they will hold good Friendfliip and
Neighbourhood) and the Duke oi Milan, with the which they will continue their
Lisue defenfiveand ofFenfive, even againft this Crowne: For they have the'Droit
de^Bienfeance to that State, as pregnant as France, and yf it fliall be affailed by
any, do hope to have their part au gafteau. The Debt which this Crowne doth
owe unto them, did amount to eight millions and four hundred thoufand Crowns,
for the which they are contented to be payd at divers Terms. TheTreatie yet
is not come amongft us, but I fliall have means to procure a Copie to fend your
Honor. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

f- C ilfr.Winwood

314- Afr.WiN wood'j" Negotiation hi France. Book IV.

An. 1601.

" Mr. Winwood to Mr> Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, x'iJ^Jan.i6o\. O. S.

I Humbly kyfs your Honor's Hands for thofe happy and bleffed Ty dings,
which being of the -l^ oi January-, arryved to me the 7* in the Morning.
Ihe King that Day was gone a hunting, but returned fomewhat before the Even-
ing ; to whom I procured prefcnt Accefs, and faid, ' ' that I had receaved Com-
" maundment to communicate unto him the happy and glorious Vidtory which
" it had pleafed God to give her Majeftie over herRebells and Ennemyes in Ire-
" land, as jinto a Prince, her treweft and moji ajfured Friend, whofe Ajfe-
' ' 6iions cotild not but Jym;pathize with her in all EJiates of Fortune ; and
" now would rejoyce and joyne with her in Thankfullnefs to him for this me-
" morable Bleffing, which flie in humblenefs of Heart did acknow^Iedge to be mi
" vray couf de del. Neither attributing yt to the Providence of her own Care,
" (though her Subjeds will witneis with her, that lliehath not been wanting in
" the Dueties of a careflill and gracious Princefs,) nor to the Wifdome and Va-
" lour of her Comraaunders and Souldiars, (thoughe flie will not defraude them
' ' of the dew defert of their worthie Commendations,) but to the meer Grace
" and Goodnefs of him, who ever hath been the profefled Patron of her jufl and
" rightfull Caufe.

" The King anfwered, that he had already receaved Advertifement of yt", (the
Meffenger that brought your Honor's Letters, brought Letters to Monfieur de
Villeroy, yet he made me not fb much beholding to him, as to acquaint me there-
with, that I might accordingly have diredred my AddrelTe and Speeche to the
King.) " Nocwithftanding he fayd, that he thought the tyme long, untill he
" fpake with me, to lee how my Relation did agree with his AmbalTador's Re-
" port. He fyrfl told me how wellcome the News was to him-, wherein he
" receaved as full Contentment, as in the Trofperity of his owne Affaires, for
'' fo he did account the Happinefs of her Majefiie's EJiate. He added, that he
'' had not concealed his Knowledge hereof, nor the Joy which he had concea-
*' ved; for he had communicated it to the 'Dutcheffe oi Brunfdvick, (whofe
" Husband was flayne in the Service of the Ligue, and llie hath hope to reco-
" ver his Debts, which by his Accord with the Duke deMayene the King fliould
" dilcharge,) to the end, that as Hie pafled by the Spanijh AmbaiTador's Lodg-
•' ings to her owne, ilie iliould acquaint him with the News. Then he com-
" maunded me to make him the Report. I beganne with the landing of the if
' ' Companies of Spaniards, and particularly delivered the Fight by Sea, with all
" the remarkable Accidents oi S>\r Richard Levejbn; giving him to underftand,
" that he was the Gentleman, who came to him to Calais to do hiniReve-
" rence, and to prefent his Service to theMarefchal^ir^?//". Which I did upon
this Reafon, becaufe at that tyme he asked what he was ? how he was allyed to
the Lord Admirall ? what his Experience was upon the Sea, and what Proof he
had made of his Valour. '• I then iliewed, that the very fame Day, the Rebel!
" was approached with all his Forces, renforced by feven Enfeignes of the S_pa-
" niards, that his Defeigne was to fuccour theTowne; the Complott between
" him and de Acguila to aOayle the Lord Deputy, and the Confideration which
" moved him to refolve on that happie Counfaill, which he did with ^o great
" Valleur there put in Execution". (Which before he did no t underftand, being
advertized, that the Rencounter was by Hazard not by Defleigne, and that the
LordT)eputy went forth with thofe Troopes to difcover the Ennemye, and not
to fight.) " When I came to the Particularities of the SuccefTe, and fliewed,
" that there were 4000 Amies upon the Ground, He fayd, that that feemed
" moJi ftrajmge to him, that the \x\'^\ foould quitt their Armes and runne away.
!"" I aiifwered, That yt doth feem fo ftraunge to the Spaniards, that they can at-
" tribute yt to no other Reafon, then to their treacherous Nature, who after

they

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooD'j" ISJegotiat'wfi /;/ France. 375

" they have called them in to the AfTiftancc of their Rebellion, did abandon yf//. 1 60 1.
" them ciihcr to the Furcys of the Souldiar, or to the Mercy of her Majcftic; -
" and now too late do repent, that ever they had Commerce with \^o biutifli aGe-
" nerarion, only claddc with the Faces and Semblances of Men. The Kins then
" layd, that his Ambanador had written luuo him, that Tyrone did crave her
" Majcjiies Mercy. I anfwered, that my Letters did /pcakc nothing of yt ;
" and 1 thought, the Guilt of his Confiience did rather crje tmto him, that
" his Offences iz'ere fo greats that they could not be pardoned. The Kino then
" did make a long Dilcourle of the J v felicities of the King <3/Spayne, how no-
" thing did ever profper that he had taken in hand; and '(o recounted the evill
" Succcfs of the Voiage oi' Algeires, the Ihamefull Rctrairc from before Ca-
" iiafi, the lad Aflault at Of end, and now this Defeat in Ireland. I reply cd,
" that thefe 'Difgraces did nothing rebate the highte of that King's Tride;
" who did at this tymc prepare a great Fleet at Lisbone, where 4 or fooo Men
" were to be imbarkqued for Ireland. That lie doth make Levies of Men in all
" parts, and threatens to comQ into Italy, and as Ibme iay, iiMo- the Low-Conn-
" tries. To this hefayd, that his Advertifemenrs from Spayne were only for
" xooo, that were ordayned for /r^A?//^. And when the King of t5^^;;?£'fliould
" underftand, what Levies of Souldiars he v\ould make in Gafcony andTrovince,
" he would be better advifed then to fir from thence. Hereupon I faid, that
" were it not for the great Charges o? ih.is'^zxx in Ireland, (and fo I particulari-
" zed unto him theNomber of thofe Forces which had been fent thither fence the
" firft Defcent of the J)('^/zi<2rd'j'.- Thofe Men which now are on the way, and
" the Fleet which is to be continually mayntayned upon the Sea) her Majeflie
" would have a good Defire (and her Subjeds no lefle) to take that Courfe;
" that fy the the Ambition of that King doth focjn, that he is born to no other
" end, but the T>iflurbance of Chr if en dome, perhaps he might be glad, that he
" hath Italy left him for a Retrayte. He anfwered, that that would be the
" way to make the King i?/' Spayne to know himfelf, to finde him at home,
.'\ where he would be found unprovided of all manner ofDefence. Hereupon I
" repiyed, his Majeflie did well know what a chargeable Enterprize this would
*' be, which muf not be undertaken by the halves, but throughly feconded, and
*' ftrongly renforced. Yf he would be pleafed to have fome feeling of theafe
" her Majeftie's Expences, flie fliould have caufe to think her Charges well im-
." ployed for the Defence of the general! Repofe, and be encouraged to conti-
" new in the fame Proceedings. His Anfwer to this was, that his AmbafTador
" had CommifTion to delyver to her Majeftie, what his Eftate could depart with
" for the prefept. To which I repiyed, That fythe her Majeilie's Charges did
'^ dayly encreafe, without hope of Eafe, yt would pleafe him, to enlarge his
" Ambaffador's Commiffion, for the afTurance of a greater Somrae. He anfwer-
" ed, that he did not doubt but that her Majeftie would be contented with that
" which now he could reimbourle, fence the Weaknefs of his Eftate could not
" afford more". And ^o he difmifTed me.

The next Day I went to Monfieur de Villeroy. After Ibme Speeches to and
froe, of this happie Rencounter, " I fayd, that I had underflood by the King
" that yiovx^xtnx Beaumont had Commiflion to give her Majeflie afTurance for
" Reimbourfement of Ibme part of her Debt. I prayed him to confider, ^\\t-
" ther the Somme would be proportionable, eyther to her Majeilie's Debt, or
" to her long Forbearance, or to her prefent Occafions. And fo I remonftrated
" unto him the Infinity of her Charges now pafTed, and the Continuance of the
" fame, both to meet with all further Supplies which might be feared from
" Spayne, and for the eftablifliing of a fettled Policy in thatlfland, which after fo
" long a Confufion would require muche tyme and muche Charge. Yetbefydes
" all this, I fayd, that yf the King would be content to make prefent Repay-
' ' ment of any round and notable Somme, foe would eafily be induced to pre-
" pare a Fleet now this Spring, agaynft the Coaft of Spayne. To this latter
" poyat he made this Anfwer, That his Opinion is, that the King flyoidd joyne

" with

37^ Mr.WiNwoooV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. 1601. " "jvitb herMajeJlk, for the Stt^preJJion of the Ambition o/Spayne; and yf flie
' would prepare a Fleet for thofe Parts, the Bruyte of y t would coft there 3
" or 4 millions, and yet they would be found unprovyded. I remonftrated un-
" to him, the Commodities that would in particular arile to the King by this
" Enterprize. That his Realme Ihould ftill rcmayne in an affured Repofe ; That
" the King oi Sfayne, without his entering into Warre, eyther obliquely ot di-
" redtly, mull needs be confumcd in his Forces and Trealure. The States (of
" whom in reafon of State he is hound to have a particular Care-,) by this means
" will be fecured, who otherwife without this, or fome other extraordinary Af-
" fiflance, cannot long fubfifl:. That he Ihall acquit himfelf of part of his Debt;
" and laftly, iliall lliew a very kynd Gratefulineis to her Majeftie, to the Con-
" tentment of her Subjeds, who have not refuled to facrifice themfelves for the
" Honor of his Service". 'iA.Villeroydxdi promiie, to confer with the King particu-
larly upon this Point. I was once of mynd to have moved the fame toMonfieur de
Rhofny, but 1 would not prefume to proceed too farr without more efpeciall
Warrant, and Indrudion from your Honor. I cannot underftand that Monfieur
de Beaumont's, Commiffion, doth extend farther then a looooo Crowns; neyther
is there hope, but upon this Ground, of any greater Enlargement for this Year.
This will foon come to an Iflue, for the Seafon of the Year will not admitt long
Delay in this Negotiation. Which yf your Honor Ihall think convenient to have
it followed, yt may pleale you to name a certayne Somme which is to be de-
maunded; whereof there is realbn, that if not all, yet a great part fliould be ad-
vanced. The States have promyfe this Yeare for 300000 Crowns, and 1 00000
Pound of Powder, which upon occafion may be enlarged.

The happie SuccefTe of the Affaires of Ireland is very gratefull here, for no
Man doth wifli taQ Spaniard fliould feat himfelf in thole Parts; though perhaps
they do think, that their own Greatnefs hath fome dependance on their neigh-
bour Troubles. The King prefently difpatchedAdvertilements to all his Gover-
nours within his Realme ; nether have I fayled to deliver the particular Rela-
tion to all publique Minillers, whole Mailers do hold Intelligence with her Ma-
jeftie.

I am informed, that one ^Patrick T^ove an Irijhman, (who lately departed
from Rouen to England.,) hath ufed very dillionourable and treafonable Speeches
of her Majeflie's Perfon, and of the Government of her Eftate. Otwell Smyth
hath receaved particular Information of his lewd and dilloyall Carriage, and a Me-
morie of the Places andPerfons, where and with whom he doth haunt in London.
And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's., &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

il/r. Winwood, lo'h Jan. i5oi.

I Have receaved even at one inftant, two of your Letters, one of the 6*, the
other of the 12^^ of January. In both which, I do perceave jyo#r Care and
dexterity, in managing thofe things, which are committed to your Trujt and
Carriadge. And for anfwer unto them, (becaufe I am now otherwife diverted
with our happy Tydings of Ireland, which arryved but fome few Hours after
your Letters,) I will only breefly tell you, that Monfieur de Beaumont hath re-
ceaved Audience of the Queen ; but for the matter of the Reimbourfement hath
carryed himlelf fo refervedly, as we do not know yet what particular Somme he
hath Commiflion to make offer. It is true, her Majeftie doth prepare (and is al-
ready very forwarde) to fet forth at her own Charges, a Navy for the Coafts of
Spayne. Wherein, becaufe I do perceave by your Conference with Monfieur de
Vilkroy, that for the Confequence which it might draw with it to that State, (in

this

Book IV. Mr.WLswooDsNegotiatiofiinltrance. 377

this undertaking tymc of the King of S/>ayfic's,) that this her Majcflic'sDcfTcignC Au. i6oty

might Icrvc to good purpolc, to induce the King to a far greater Reimbotirfe-

ment for this Yearc, then I find by your Letter is already intended; you ihali

do a very acceptable Service to her Majcflic, yf by infifting upon the fame in the

bed form you may, you fliail be able to draw the King to a larger Sonime; by

rcprefcnting unto him both the burthenfomnefs of I'uch a Charge to \yz on her

Majeflic alone, and the common Benefit which may be expected thereof, as well

to this State as to others, that under the Favour of her Majcftie's Warr with

Spayne, live the more fecurcd in their Countries. And thus much I have thought

good to touch of this matter, referring all further Circumftances of your Letters

tyll fomc fytter tyrae hereafter, becauic I might gcve you feme fytt Opportunity

now to procure an Accefs to the King, by imparting unto him her Majeftie's

mofl: happy SuccefTes in Ireland, whicn are fliortly thefe.

That Don Juan d'Aguilk, upon the Diftrefs of the lad Defeate of the Re-
bells, hath now yealded up by Compofition, as well thcTowne oi Kingsale-, as
all other Places which the Spaniards were poiTefTed of in Ireland^ as Cajlle Ha-
ven, Baltimore and Beerhaven ; whereof ionic of them might have proved as
difficult for recovery to her Majeftie, (by reafon of their Situation) as Kingsale
it lelf Now you have as much as we have at this prefenr, tyll the Gentleman
that is fent from the 'Depntj to enforme of all other Particulars, be arry ved. In
the mean time, I would not omitt to geve you Knowledge hereof, becaufe I
doubt not but the French Ambaffador will advertife fo much to the King. And
fo I committ you to God's Protedtioil.

From the Court Tour very loving Friend,

at WhitehalL RO.CECYLL,

TO ST SCRIPT.

You may feem that the Queen's Refolution to fend to Spayne is not fo cer-
taine, but that yt may change, yf flie do not find by the King fome good Of^
fice to animate her. Herein it is that your Dexterity may appeare, for in very
trewth we are far on with our Preparations. But you may fay, (yf he knew fo
much already) that this Newes of Ireland may peradventure flay us, if we be
not fpur'd by him. This Night hath been fpent in Feiix de Jeye.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwoodi

j/r. Winwood, xo^Jan. i6ox.

I Wrote unto you a fhort Letter of this l3ay, concerning the Adion of King-
fale, whereof I had then receaved the firft Advice. There is even now arry»
ytdiSxx Richard Morrijon, with a particular Difpatch from i\\cT>eputy, nothing
differing from the former, faving that we finde the Nombers greater by Poll, then
was conceaved to be, for they were almod 3 5'oo Heads, all Spaniards, faving
fome few Tortugalls, and 3,00 Neapolitans t, whereof 1 500 \nKingfalei the reft
in Caftk-haven, Baltimore and Beer-haven. The Compofition was to deliver
up all the four Places, on condition that the Deputy fhould give them leave to
return for Spayne with all they brought with them. Artillery and all things what-
foever ; paying for the Tranfportation, at fuch Rates as the Deputy fliould allow
of. He took his Oath not to land in any other part till he came to the Groyne :
And yf Supplies arry ved from Spayne before Wynde ferved him to imbarke his
Army, he capitulated to remayne neutrall. For performance of all which Things,
till they be gonne, Don Juan, and certaine Captaines remayne Hoftages; and
when they are gone, there remayneth Hoftages of principal Men for the fafe Re-
turn of the Shippinge.

Thefe are the Formallities of the Articles, whereof the Subftance, and Efledt
is this ; that our Army having endured a miferable Seidge, in relped: of the Cly-

5D ' mate;?

3 7 S ilir. Win WOOD i- Negotiation in France. Book IV.

■An. 1601. mate, not being left above 4000 able Men, muft ether have aflailed 15-00 at a
■> Breach, or els muft only have recovered the Place by Famyne, which would
have asked forty Dayes longer; by which tyrae a good Part of the Army muft
have periihed, and new Supplies might have landed. But which was more, (and
herein I aflure you, his Proceedings were judicious,) there weare two of the
three Places wherein the Spaniards had fortifyed, which would have coft the
Queen a great deal of Charge, and have kept the Army on Foot and in Miferye
to have lived in that Province ; elpecially to have gone to thofe Places, where
the Canon can hardly be carryed, and where already they had made the Places
very tenable, in favour whereof they were Mafters of two verie good Ports. To
conclude therefore, by all Prefumption, this Bridge of Gould, whereon the Spa-
niards iliall make their Returne, will ether ferve them to be MefTengers of fuch
E^elations, as will give fmal Appetite for any further Enterprize, (if they can ar-
rive before the fecond Supplies come forth, for which thefe Men importun'd be-
fore the Rendition;) or elfe, fuch Vi^ill be the Defire of Revenge, as the Kinge
may happely refolve of fome better dygefted Enterprize ; wherein by the way, I
think it not amifs to tell you a pretty jeft that pafled between the 'Depity and
him. When 'Don Juan bemoned the King's Misfortune to be fo abufed, to truft
fuch a Nation, that had no Conjfancy nor Refolution ; the "Deputy asked him,
what he thought of the Nature of the Countrey? Who to fllew his extreame
Alienation, fayd, that he remembred that part of the Scripture^ when the Divell
carried up Chrift to the top of the Pinacle to Ihew him all the World; wherein
laid he, / verily believe, the Devil did hyde Ireland from him, becaitfe it was
fit for none but himfelf And thus have you the Narration of all thole things,
her Majefty being much plealed with God's favour herein, and exprefling a deare
Valluation of him, whom God hath made the Inftrument of the fame : Wherein
to fpeake truly what is evident, I do not think that ever England had ^ more
worthey Servant. And fo for this tyme I committ you to God.

From the Court at Tour very loving Friend,

Whitehall. RO.CECYLL.

TOSTSCRITT.

What it is likely that this matter miy work in that State, I am in much Dif-
pute. For fometymes I imagine, that when he fees our Affayres go backward,
that he begy nnes to advife, that our over-Infelicity may be hiirtfull for him ;
and that where we cannot attend the Necefities of other States, that then he
muft ftrayne himfelf; and fo I perceave he hath done lately in the Matter of O-
fend; for when he law us fo diverted, as he thought we muft needs abandon that
for a tyme, it appears by your Writings, that he is about to do fome good Of-
fices towards that State. How therefore now he will be glad to give any further-
ance to our Adions upon Spayne, when he thinks we begynne to feel lelle
Difficulties, you may do well to taft him ; and as you may aftiire him, that not-
withftanding this Combuftion in Ireland, if he will but contribute fome good Por-
tion of Treafure, (though as defaulk'd out of the Debt) in fome further Propor-
tion then he hath given Commiftion to his AmbalTador, that her Majefty will
lend a ftronge Fleer to Sea ; fo you may make him doubtfull, that when we ihall
lee the purpofe of the King of Spayne's, fending into Ireland diverted for this
Yeare, that then her Majefty will give over her Sea Adion ; in which he cannot
be but Interefted, by the Damage the other is like to receave. To conclude, I
rather write this, becaufe I fee you underftand the Nature of the tyme, and
Could be glad to worke upon it for the Queen's good, then that I can have hope
of any thinge from thence ; only this I can allure you, that our Fleet will be
ready within thefe 20 Dayes to fett Sayle, whether he Ao any thing or no,
vi^hich Ihall live upon his Coaft till Od:ober ; whereof the Charge will not be fo
little as an hundred Thoufand Crowns. Sir T/mnas Tarry is now upon his De-
parture, only he Hull tarry Ibme 14 Dayes to be acquainted with our firft Pro-

grelfions.

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooDsNegoti^tmiinVrance, 375)

grcHlon?, in the Matters of T>e/>r elation. Odonnald, and another great Rebel! An. 1601.
in Connaught, are fled into Spayne with Sebeure, and proud half recovered \J{-
fter. Hart broken, and in great Difficultic.

Mr, Winwood to Mr, Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, x^^ Jan. 1601. O. S.

THIS Court is fo barren of all Occurrences, that are of the Growth of this
Couatrey, that it doth borrow :iom abroad all Entertainment of Difcourfc;
cither from the Affaires now in Adtion in Ireland and at OJiend, or from the
DefTeignes of this Sommer to come, vvh;ch the Preparations o{ Spayne, Flait-
ders, and Savoy., do threaten to projed. The Archduke, (bcfides thofe Sup-
plies which he doth dayiy attend from Italy) doth make prefent Levies in the
Franc he Cont^, and in the other his Provinces, for the fpeedy renforcing of
his Army before OJiend; which by the relation of the Soldiars which daily dif-
band from thence and pafs this Way, is fi.ill of Mifery, and fince the Slaughter
at the late Aflault, fo weak, that it doth rather ftand by the Reputation of the
Nomber of the Heads, then by the Strength and Ability of the Soldiers.

Monfieur de Boderie, in his lafl: Letters to the King, doth defcribe a univerfall
Defolation and Mourning in that Court, elpecially by the Infanta:, who having
loft all Patience, with the Prefumption of her former Hopes, doth with much
bitternefs exclaime againft the Counfaill of Spaine, the King her Brother, and
the Archduke her Husband, who perfwaded her to come into thofe Parts, upon
Aifiirance that at her Entery into that Countrey , the 'Vnited Trovinces would
range themfelves for her Service and Obedience : Whereas fence her coming, llie
hath tafted nothing but Mifery and Calamitie, whereof her Eyes and Eares have
daily feeling; and can promife to her felf for hereafter no better Amendments,
bnt rather an encreafe of her Sorrowes and Diftafts. He writes, as though there
iliould be in her a forward Inclination, (yf the Siege of OJiend iliall not take
place) to retire herfelf from thence, and to retorne into Spayne. Your Honor
doth underftand, that the Archduke hath repealed the Trohibition of Commerce
between his Subjects and the 'Vnited Trovinces, and doth permit all kind of Salt,
Fifli, Butter, Cheefe, and Wine of Spayne and France, to be receaved from them
into his Countreis. But yf the State of the Vnited Trovinces were able to for-
bear that Commerce, but only untell this Lent were paft, not only the Army be-
fore OJiend wold perifli with Honger, but alfo the Countreis of Artois and Ha-
nault would llifFer much Mifery, whereof the laft Year's Experience doth give
fnfficient Proofe.

The King is ofTended that the Archduke did yeald this Reafon for the Rap-
pelle, viz. becaufe his Neighbours and Ennemies did thereby make their Trofit.
Which he faies, mull joyntly be interpreted againfl him and his Subjeds, which
by the way of Calais, doth furnifli his Provinces with thele Commodities ; not
againft England, which ufuallie doth not trade in that keind of Marchandize.
This Weeke we underftand, that the Admirall of Arragon (authorized with liif-
ficient Powre for that purpofe,) hath propofed an Overture of Treaty to the
States-, afTuring them, that all agreeable Conditions fliall be accorded, both for
the Liberty of their Religion, and for the Maintenance of their antient Tri-
veleages; with addition of any other, which they hold reafonable to demand.
Yt is thought here fome negled: of Care, in thofe who undertake the Charge of
that Government, that their Trifonnier, without their knowledge, Jhould have
means to receave Letters of a matter of that Importance ; the only Bruite
whereof (in filch a hotchpot State, composed of fo many bizarre Humours,) i^
fufiicient to make a Rupture, which eaftly after will not be falved: And as great
a Legerity in that Counfaill, (though the Overture was refufed) topublijh abroad
the Tarticularities of thefe Conditions, carrying with them lo glorious a Luftre;
which cannot but ftir up in the Minds of the beft afFeded Phantafies, that which

before

38b Mr. Win woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Jn 'i6oi before they never conceaved; and give Coarage to the difcontented Spiright, to
profefle with boldnels, his Envie (which before was concealed) of Change and
Innovation.

Yd is not yet aflured that the Suijfers have fwom the AUiance with this
Crovvne, though it is now fom time fence Marefchal Biron arrived amongfl them.
For the Rehnboiirfetnent of their Debt, which amounteth to eight Millions and
400000 bucats, they are content to take foiir MiUions. Whereof this Year they
are to feceave 1500000, and 400000 Ducats yearly untell the full Sume be dif-
charged. The Catholiqiie Cantons do renounce the Alliance with Spaine^ and
joyne with thofe of the Religion^ in a League defenfive and offenfive with this
Crowne, againft all other States, faving againft the Franche Cont^, (towards the
which they promife to carry themfelves like Neighbours and good Freinds,) and
the 'Dtiche of Milan, with the which they will continue the Ligue defenfive and
offenfive, even againft this Crowne : For they pretend, that the droi£i de bten
feance is as premant for their State as for this Crowne ; and hope upon any
Innovation, to nave their parte au gajieau.

Upon long Deliberation, the King is now refolved to reftablilh his Navie in the
Mediterranean Sea; whereby he fliall allure his Frontiers upon that Coaft, hold
in bridle the Gallies of Sj)ayne, (which cannot pals into Italy, without touching
in thofe Parts, yet touch without demaunding Permifiion ;) revive his Reputa-
tion with the Princes oi Italy \ who by his quitting the Marquifat oi Sakces
in the Treatie with Savoie, did hold themfelves as abandoned, by opening the
intercourle and accefs to them by the Sea; and by enabling himlelf to commaund
thofe Seas, clear them of Pyrats, which the King of iS^^)'^^' doth undertake, but
not effed; yet under the colleur of that Charge, doth retaine in his handes by
Bulls from the Tope, the yearly Revenue of a Million and half in Ecclefiafticall
Livings. The King's purpofe is to make between 20 and 30 Galleys, and for this
Year to make the Noraber 10. Whereof there are already 5- at Marfeilles arm-
ed, and one in State to be put to the Sea. For the other 4, the King hath ac-
corded with a Genenois Gentleman (that now is in this Town) called France f-
coLommeleni, to furnifli fowre Gallies, the Slaves only excepted, for 40000 Ducats.
The Difcontents of the Communallitie do daily multiply, for the Greevances
of the Impofitions ; of the Nobillity, for that their Services are not remembred,
their Penfions retrenched, and they themfelves nor relpedted, nor admitted to the
Government of the Eftate. TheBooke whereof I have heretofore advertifed, is
now in the Mouth of every Man, and com to the King's Hands, and many other
"of as fcandalous a Subjed: are fecretly fpread abroad ; amongft the which, there
is one of this Title, Tyrannie des Tyrannies du Roi Henry 4^'' de France.

This Weeke Monfieur de Rhofny was made Captaine of the Bafiile in this
Towne. The Reafon which is alleaged, is to place there the King's Coffers, and
under CoUour of that, the better to guard and afi^re the Trealure. Yt is thought
he will fortify the Place, and lodge part of his Cannons, which here of late have
ben made in great Quantity. The Jefuits have gained lb far, that their Refta-
bhfliment is graunted in all Places within this Realme, faving within the Refort
of this Parliament. Only, '(upon an elpecial Grace to la Varrane,) the King hath
licenfed them to be receaved at la Flefche, not far from Angiers, yet within the Ju-
lifdidion of this Parlament, whereof he is Governour. And becaufe I have had
this occafion to name la Verrane, I will not omitt that he is now to marry his
Daughter, with the eldeft Son of the Count Molurier, who fo long hath difputed
the Principallity oi Sedan, and that Title with the Duke of Bouillon, and doth
give her for Dowery in ready Money 80000 Ducats. Which is the more remarka-
ble, confidering the Services wherein he is imploied about the * King, which 1%
to be his Mezzano for his Loves; the Place from whence he came, which is out
of the Kitchen of Madame the King's Sijier ; that he hath many other Children
both Sons and Daughters ; and the fmale time he hath ben about the King, who
in the Tiifpojltion of his own Nature is nothing Trodigall. In fomme, this
^an may diipend in Revenue of Land, foooo or Sqqoo Franks by the Yeare.

* UtTis doffat, Vol. 3. p. 310. ar.d Monfieur jimeht's Note.

Monfieur

Book IV. Mr. Win wood'.; Ncgotiatmi in France. 381

MonHcur ^e '^PlcJJis hatli cfcapcd now lardy to be murdered vvhilft he Wa? An. 160I;
at the Sermon at iSaumur, by the hands of n religious Alan of the Order of
St. ^Poll l^Ermitc; who liad affociarcd two others to joyn with him in this wick-
ed Attempt. The two Complices have confcfTcd that they were pradtizcd and
induced by the Fryer; himlelf as yet, hath confelTcd nothing. The King, when
he was informed of this Attempt, anfwered, that he would then beleeve it,
when Monfieur de Plcflis had a Kingdom to loofe. And lb, £yf .

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable., Tar is, i^ Feb. \6ox. O. S;

TH E two lafl Difpatches of the lo* o^ January, which with fo carefulIDi-
hgence yt iplcaled your Honor to redouble upon me, came to my hands
the z^t'i. The King was then gone a hunting, and retorned not before the next
Day, which was Satterday, and late in the Eveniiig. Upon Sonday Morning at
his rifing, I procured Accefs ; to whom when I came, he laid, " that his Ambaf-
*' fadors had advertifed him that the Spaniards in Ireland were rendeired, but
" that the Particularities they had referred to my Relation. I then, according
" to thofe ample Inllrudtions receaved from your Honor, delivered from Point
" to Point the particular Articles of the Capitulation ; which when he had well
" comprehended, I remonftrated theReafons which moved the Lord Deputy to
" grant thofe Conditions, infixing upon the nomber of Spaniards remaining
" within the To wne of /sri;zg-j-^2/£'; the Weaknefs of his Army, which the Nature
'• of the Climate, and Seafon of the Year did daylyconlume: TheQuallitie ofthe
" -other Ports, inacceffible and tenable; the Attendance of frefli Succours; and
" laftlie, that her Majeftie did with more tender Care refpedt the Life and Safe-
" ry of her Subjeds, (who could not but languifli in that Winter Siege,) then
" kck after Revenge upon a milerable Enemie; whom, though Famine would
" have forced within few Days to have render'd, yet being rendered, mufl; have
•' ben as now he is, retorned into his Countrey. The King did highly commend
" the Judgment of the Lord 'Deputy, and laid, that he had taken the felf-
.*.' fame Courfe which he heretofore had dune in his PFarrs, and upon the liki
" Occafion would ever do ; and from the begifining did wijh might be taken for
" the more fpeedy determining of that IVarr, and the Repofe of her Majeftie's
" States. He then asked what was become oiTyronne? I anfwered, that he
" was gon deflate ^ndi for lorn e into his Countrey, and thought, that the liext
" News that lliould be heard of him, wold be, that feme one of his moft confi-
' ' dent Followers had cut his Throat, and had made a Trefent of his Head, to
" procure his own Tardon. After fome paufe, the King laid, That now her
" Majeflie was difcharged from that Rebellion, llie cold not do better then fend
" a good Fleet, (with fome Affiflance from the States,) againfl the Coaft of
" Spayne, and to give the Command thereof to Sir Francis Vere. I anfwered,
" that before rendition of thofe Places which tht Spajiiards did polTefs, her Ma-
" jeftie had a purpofe to fend a Fleet towards that Coaft; to the end, to retorne
" the Force oi Spayne from the pourfuite of that Warr. What now we Ihould
" do (the Spaniards hdng^ rendered) was uucertaine; whether flie wold wholly
" change her purpofe, or a while advife, to fee what the King oC Spaine wold
" do, after the retorne of his People, and fo accordingly conforme her Def-
" feignes. The King infilled ftyll upon the fdnie point, fliewirig the Facilliti'e
" of the Attempt, by the Weaknefs of Spaine. I replied ^ that the King of
' ' Spayne had taught her Majeflie, not to undertake any ridiculous or inconji-
" derate Enterprise, to expofe her Subjects to the Butcherie of her Enemies,
, 5 E " ^nd

38^ Mr.Wij>iyiooDy Negotiation ifi'Erance, Book IV.

Jn. 1601. " and the Honor of her State to the Scorn of the World. The King fraileingj

~ ~ ^' {oii^, xh^tt\\tK\\\^oi Spayne^'SA amoft unfortimate Man. I anlwered, z-/:;,^^

" the Succejfe of yll founded A^iions, was not to be impited to Fortune., but to

«' want of Judgment^ and of due Conjideration:, and therefore, the Burthen and

" Waight of this Adion (which once undertaken muft ever be maintained) doth

" flaie her Majeflie from any preient Refolution. The only way to engage her^

" was to enable her to under goe yt:, which he might do, yf it wold pleafe him

" to contribute Ibm convenient Somme, proportionable to the Charge of luch

" an Enterprize, which I faide Ihe wold be content to take in part of Paiement

" of her Debt; and then (as your Honor had commaunded me) I reprefeuted

" the great Benefit that thereby wold arife, both to his Eftate, which Ihould en-

" joy a contiuuall Repofe, and to the States, who without this means, or font

" other as extraordinary, muft be forced to ftrike Saile, and to accommodate

*' their Fortunes to the Neceffity of their Affaires. I added moreover, that the

*' King of .5)^ (2)';^£' being detourned by this unexpeded Attempt, to fend Succours

" unto xh.t Archduke cither of Men or Money before the end of this Sommer,

" the Provinces of Flanders and Artols wold ftretch open their Armes, to em-

" brace the Honor of his Commandements. To this he anfwer'd not much, but

" firft complained of his own Neceffities, unable to give that Satisfa(Stion which

" was demanded at his Hands; and after, that he wold advife vi^ith his Cotlnfaill

" what was to be done in this Particular which I did negotiate. I praied him to

" confider that the Seafon of the Year was far advanced, and wold not fufFer any

" long Delay; and withall to underftatid, that her Majeftie wold refolve either

" to make JVarr or Teace., and not to ft and any longer ufon the defenfi-ve -^

*' which was but to lye at the T>ifcretioji of her Enemy., and fermitt him to

" take fuch Opportunities as might beft ferve his own Advantage. In all ap-

" pearance of Reafon, it was to be thought that Peace wold be fought for at

" her hands; and flie not finding her prefent State fufficient to maintaine the

" Charge of fo great a Warr, will not refufe luch Conditions of Peace, as the

♦' Honor of her State with Safety may embrace. And fo concluded, that he

" would be pleafed to confider, whether it were convenient for the Good of

" thefe parts of Chriftendom, that the King oi Spaine fliould enjoy in Peace the

" Retorn of his Indies, but only for four or five Years.

This is the Subftance of all that then pafled, for he hafted to go to his Coun-

faill, which attended him in the end of his new Gallery, where he gave me this

Audience. I took the firft Comodity to give an account to Moufieur de Ville-

roy of what I had negotiated. " He faid, that he thought this an important

' ' Matter, and worthey of the King's Confideration ; wherein he had already had

" Conference with him, and fo would follicir, that it might take Effect. He

" enquired very earneftly, to whom her Majeftie wold recommend the Condud:

" of this Adion, for that wold be an efpeciall Motife, to induce the King to

" this Contribution. He wiflied me to foUicite your Honor, that her Majeftie

*• wold be pleafed (by fome one whom flie fliould depute) to communicate to

" their Ambafi"ador, the Generallities of her Intentions in this Adtion ; bywhofe

" Relation the King might be made in fome fort capable of her Pourpofe, and

" by her frank Dealing with his Miniftersaftured, (which much he doth defire)

*' that llie doth repofe a confident Truft in his Friendihip. I asked his Advice,

" whether I fliould fpeak with Monfieur deRhofny of this Matter ; which he ad-

•' vifed me in any wife to do, and laid, Uppon the Rapport of their Ambafladors

" they wold joyne together, and fo wold (for thefe were his Words) tons les

" gens de bien, to advance an Adtion of fo worthey Confequence. I find by

him, that they do greatly fear, that her Majeftie" s Felicity will humble the

King o/Spayne to follicite for Teace. Which Opinion I have ben willing to

nourifli in them ; and do allure all thofe who are moft interefted therein. That

yf her Majeftie did not receave better Contentment from hence then her former

Treatment did promife, in cafe futable Conditions were offered, a Peace would

not be refufed.

Hereupon

fiooklV. Mr.WiNwooDsNegotiatio?imFrancQ. 38^

Hereupon I went to Monficur de Rbofnyy to whom I flicwcd, what her Ma- ^^ ^f^(^\
'■' jcftic's DcfTcignc was in prcparhig this FJcct, before the Recidirion of the Sj^a-
" niards : What now her lacentioii is, yf flie might rcceavc from the King any
" convenient Contribution : The Equity of her Demand, not to cnga^'e the
" King in any Warrc, for ihc was content that ib much as fliould be contribu-
'' ted, fhould be retrenched from her Debt: The generall Benefitt that Chriften-
" dome fliould rcccavc, by rebating the Pride and Ambition o{ Spayne: The
" particular Good to thisCrowne, (which without Jcaloufic fhould enjoy perpe-
" tuall Rcpofc,) To x^VlC: States, (who longer could not iubfifl without the Favour
" of aDiverfion,) And laftly, That their Neighbours oi Flanders (dcfpairin^
" to find Relcafe from their Milcries under ilicir Subjedion to the ylrchdjike J
" woJd retyre themlclves to the Covert of this CroWnc. He aufwcred, that her
I' Majellic, in his Judgment, jhould do better to imploy her Forces againfl: the
'' Coaft of Flanders, and chafe the Spaniards out of thole Parts. Againfl SPayne
" more cannot be don, then now xhc Spaniards have don in Ireland, or her
^' Forces lately^ have don at Cadiz; take fome Port, ravage the Coafl, and i'o rc-
'' torne. I aniwered, that her Majellie wold take in very kind parte, any Coun-
" fail! that (hould come from the King. I praied him to think, that Jhe "^ould
" not do that wrong to her Honor, to undertake any Jleight or impertinent
" AEiion, nor to the Reputation the World had conceaved of her Wifdom, to
' ' attempt any thing which Jhoiild not fir ft be digefted with mature 'T>elibera-
" tion. I moved him to take fome good occafion to conferr with the King in this
'' matter, and fb farr to advance, as the Good of the King's Service fhould re-
" quire. Which he promifed, with afTurance of his befl Endeavours , that it
" might take efifed:". Your Honor doth remember, that Monfieur de Rhojiiy
hath a particular Interefi, that doth move him to this Adtion of Flanders^
which he wold advance with the maine of his Powre.

Here is conceaved a great hope, that if \.\\e States may be enabled to fiibfift but
Ibme few Years, the Archduke'?, Provinces (defpairing to have ReHef from their
Miferies) will revolt, and rather betake themfelves to the Protedion of this
Crowne, then to the Ligue o^ x)L\t1Jnited ^Provinces : Which yf yt fliould hap-
pen, the Opinion is, that the King hath no purpofe to annex them to theCrowne,
but to inveft in them his Sonne of Vendofme. Upon the Rapport of their Am-
bafTador's and your Honor's next Letters, which will give occalion of AccefTe, it
will be feen what will be don. The lefs need her Majeftie's Aifaires have of
their AJfiftance, the more refpeEifull Reafon, and real Proceeding, her Service
fhall find; v/hich at this time will be more fpeedy, upon the Fear which is con-
ceaved, that a Peace will be tender'd; and the Jealoufy which doth arife from
Spayne, the Ambition of that King, being as they fee, impatient of Repofe.
After long Debate, which hath been between him and the Towne of Genoua for
the Marquifat of Final, he lately hath feazed by Force, of the Towne and
Port; greatly to the Prejudice of that Commonwealth, and to the Difcontent-
ment of this King ; whereby, from the T)uche of Milan, he hath a prefent En-
trance into F'rovence.

Your Honor doth underftand of a Confpiracy in the Campe before Ofiend, to
feaze on the Perlbns of the Infanta and the Archduke ; for the which many, and
fome of Mark, have been executed. And fence that, whilefl he was at his De-
votion, he was foddainely furprized with an Epilepfie, (an hereditary Difeafe
to his Family,) and Ibme doubt is made that he will not eafily recover his Senfes
and Underftanding ; but howfoever, in eo non fimt pofiita fortuna Gracia.

The famous Arfenall o^nd Stable oiT)refden in Saxony, fb renowned through-
out the World for the Beauty of the Archited:ure, are both lately confumed with
Fire, neither is it known how it came. The King doth threaten a Jorney to
Blois, and from thence to ToiBiers, where the Counfaill fliall refide. But he,
in poft, will go to Baionne, to viffit thofe Frontiers, for he doth not beleeve
much in the Peace with Spaine. Yet there is no probabillity that he will fb far
abfent himfelf from Oftend. The IfTue of which Seige (in the Opinion of this

Counfaill)

384 Mr.WiN WOOD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. i6oi, Counfaill) will bring forth fome ftrange Effeds. And fo I humbly take my
leave.

Tour Honoris, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr, Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Taris 13* Feb. 1601. O. S.

A Late Conference which I have had with Monfieur de Rhofny doth mini-
fter the Subjed of this Letter ; with whom being yefterday at his Lodg-
ing, to know whither he had moved the King touching the Contribution where-
in I have lately follicited him, in cafe her Majeftie Jhould undertake anyDef-
feigne againft Spaine: " He anfwered, he had not, for (faid he) I do not fee
" what good Succefs may be expeded thereof, either to the common Benefit of
*' the two Crowns, or to theDommage of the Ennemy. The beft that can be
" hoped is, that fome part of the Coaji oi Spaine may be aflailed and fpoiled,
" fome Shipps taken or burned ; wherof particular Men do feele the Imarte, but
" the Ennemy himfelf is nothing weakned in his Strength, but he and his Sub-
" jeds the more exafperated to purliie Revenge. Yf (faid he) her Majeftie
" lliall be pleafed to make any Ouverture of i'onvQ folide Enterprize for the
" alTurancC of both Efiates, the King will not only fecond her, but joyne hand
*' in hand with her therein, and be ready (yf need be) to march before. I re-
•" pl^'ed, that her Majeftie' s AEiions did all aim at one end, that is, theSafe-
*' ty andRepofe of her own Ejlates, and the Confervation of her Neighbours
" and Allies ; and therefore yt was not to be thought, that flie had efpoufed a
" DefTeign againft Spaine rather then any other, which fliould not be of the like
" Quality and Condition. For the Attempt oi Flaunders, (whereof he Ipake
*' the other day,) I faid it had many great and dangerous Difficulties, forwhere
" fliould the Forces be landed, Ojlendhtmg^ now fo ftrongly befeiged, and envi-
"' roned round about with Forts, and the reft of that Coaft guarded with fo ma-
" ny good Towns entirely belonging to the Archduke. And then to what end,
" unlefs it fliould be intended to make a Conqueft of that Country, which did
*-' pafs the Bounds of her Majeftie's Ambition ; who did not defire to exteiid the
" Limits of her T)ominions. He faid, the Good that wold arifetherby to her
" Realraes, would recompence fufficiently all the Difficulties and Dangers that
" could be pretended. For fo long as the Spaniard hOiXh that Power in thefe
*' parts, nether England nor France can much prefume of any aflurance of Re-
" pole. Yt is not Spaine but F launders that makes him fo bold, to make i^o
" many Attempts upon £'/^^/^;/^ ; and the Forces of i$%%, which Jhould have
" firuck the Blow, were o/'Flaunders not o/' Spaine. Yf her Majeftie would
" propofe to the King this Enterprize, to chafe the Spaniard out of F launders
*' and the other Provinces, and for the mcanes, either her felffolely to make the
" Warre, and to receave monthly Contribution of fuch Summes as ffiould be ac-
" corded; or to joyne her Forces with the Kings, and to avoid all future Jea-
" loufies eftabliffi by confent a 'Prince in that States this he faid were an heroi-
" calTrojeEl worthy of the Grcatneis of two foe potent Princes, which the
" King had reafon to harken to, and wold be willing to embrace. But to waft
" Men or Money in any trifling Enterprize, which will be of no lefs Charge
" and Danger, then yf it were of Moment and Cohfequence, were nether for
" the King's Profit nor Honor.

This is the Subftance of what he faid to this purpofe. " Which, he faid, he
" fpake, not with Warrant or Commijfion, but by way oi "Difcourfe , that I
* ' might thereby make niy Profit. For the King being in Teace with Spaine,
" it was not for any of his Counfail to make Overtures of this Nature, but
';' they were to proceed from her Majeflie'spdrt; '■Mich when they did, jhould

" be

Book IV, Mr.WiiiwooDsNegot/afioninVi:^nC(^. 385

" be advanced with bis bejl AJJlJlance. He indftcd long upon the nobknefs of j^ xdox

" this Action: Upon the gicatnefs of the Confcqucncc, whereby thcfe Parts

" of Europe (hould be perpetually affurcd, and the King of Spnyne ranged to

" Rcalbn. Upon the Facility whcrby the Princes ihoukl ci.joy the Fruits of

" their Labours in their ownc Daycs; for the Townes are not ftrong, theCoun-

" trey would render it Iclfc at the firfl Sonnmons, tyred out with the Mifery of

" an cndlels Warre, and longing after the Government o? ^ particular Trince :

" The Archduke is now disfurniihcd of Men, and hath fmall meancs to be ren-

" forced, when the King fliall impeache rhe Paflagc of thofe Succours which out

*' of Spaine and Italic, have no other waye then through the Countrey of

' ' Brejfe. And lartly, the King hath his Magazins in Ticardie fufficicntly fur-

" nillied with all Provifion, which may be necefTary for fuch an Enterprize. He

'• wifhed me to advilc of it, and fo to repair accordingly to him, which I pro-

" mifed to do in ix or 15" Dayes.

I thought it my Duety in dilligence to advertize this : Wherby your Honor
may perceave, how eafy it is (yf this Man doth fpeake as he doth thinke) to
engage the King in a perpetuall Warre. For no fooner Ihall his Annes appear in
Flaunders, but the King of Spaine and the Duke of Savoy will fall upon T'ro-
vence; the Doubt whereof did allay their Heat in the late Negociation at Calais.
But now the Alliance is fworn with the Suijfes (in that Form ipecified in my
late Letters) wherby this Crown is mightily (trengthned, and that of Spaine for
all Attempts as much weakned ; they here now do not ftand in any great awe of
the Forces that can come from Spaine or Italic.

Here hath lately bin difcovered a TraBize-, which might have proved dange-
rous to the quiet of this State ; Whereupon there are four now Prifonners in the
Bajiile, whofe Names are, Villebotiche, Croife', St. George, and Chalu. The
two latter have lliewed to the King, a Lift of the Names of 930 Gentlemen of
Auvergne and Gafcoigne, which hold Intelligence with the Duke of Savoy and
King of Spaine ; and do confelle, that fome Summs of Money have ben diftri-
buted from Spaine amongft them. They name to be acquainted with this Tra-
Bice, Men of greateft Place in this Realme, the Duke Montpenjier, the Conne-
jtable, Conte d' Auvergne, Duke of Efpernon, Marefchal Biron, and the Duke
of BouiUon, againji whom, the King's 'Dijpleafare is moft incenfed. He bath
long bin at Sedan, in fome Indifpofition of his Body. The King hath fent one
Monfieur Conftant unto him, to wifli him to come to the Court, becaufe the
Air of that Place is unwholfome, and he geven to Melancholy, which Compa-
ny, and Converfation of his Freindes wold drive away; but as yet there is no
Newes of his coming. This matter is kept very fecret, and it is thought fliall
foe be palTcd over. The King was advertifed the laft Weeke from Roche II, that
the Duke o? Efpernon, (who doth pretend the Gouvernment thereof to apper-
taine to him,) hath had a late Prad:ize to furprize the Towne. Certaine Inhabi-
tants are imprifoned, and one Burgeoife named Ifaac Ir^aris, who held Intelli-
gence with the Duke. All Frenche Shipps, are now againe freflily arrejied m
Spaine. The Pretext is, that there were certaine Prench, in confort with fome
Hambourgers, who about the Streights, being aflailed by the Spanijh Gallies,
did beat them, with lofle of many Men. Here is the Count of Soulmes from the
Palatine of Rhine. After Complements, his Mejfage is to demaund rembourle-
ment for many Debts which the Conte doth challenge (as dew to Cajimire) to
defcend to him, to the Somme of two Millions. But he is content to remit the
antient Debt, fo he may receave 5-00000 Crownes, which he himfelfe did lend un-
to the King; which as he profelTeth, he would contribute to the JV^^^j-, towards
the Maintenance of their Warre. And lb, ^c.

Tottr Honof s„ &c,

RALPH WINWOOD.

s F ATr. Winwood

-?

38^ Mr^^i^^ooDs Negotiation inVt2LncQ, BooklV.

An. 1601.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Tarh, 16* Feb. i6oi, O. S.

MONSIEUR de Villeroy hath biu this Shrovetide out of this Towne, and
returned not before Satterday laft. Upon Sunday in the Evening I went
to him, wilhng to Jbund him, how he would accord in Opinion and Judgment
with Monfieur de Rhofny, towching that important Toint, whereof I advertifed
in my late Letters of the 13* of this Month. I held it not convenient to acquaint
him how farre the other had opened himfelfe in his Inclination for Flanders.
Thus Ibeganne with him, " That according to the Counfail which he gave me,
" I had communicated to Monfieur de Rhofny her Majeftie's purpole againll:
" Spaine; which he did in no wife approve, holding it to be an unprofitable
" and fruitlefs Enterprize, no better then that of the Spaniards in Ireland, or
" fome of our former in Spaine, and yet of charge and of daunger. Further I
*' did not proceed, but attended his Anfwer. Which was. That all Enterprifes
*' by Sea, were chargeable for their Preparations, fubjedt to many hazards in
" the Execution, and feldom did fucceed to Expe6iation. He did not thinck
*' that Monfieur de Rhofny did hold yt inconvenient that her Majeftie Hiould
arme, but did judge yt more fitt for her Service, that flie fhould imploy her
" Forces againfl .f launders then againfl Spaine ; in which twoe Adions the Dif-
" fcrence is great. To imploy her Forces in Spaine was but to draw the Warre
" into length, and to put off the Spanyard iox that Yeare: But to bring the
" Warre to an End, and to fecure both her owne and neighbour States, was to
' ' make Flaimders the Seat of the Warre ; whence the 'Rrefumption of all At-
" tempts, hoxh'3i2^x'^vSk. England 2.ndi France, did receive theire i?^*?/^. To this
•' I replied, that which he laid could not have place, but by chafing the Spani-
*' ard out of the Low Countries: which he acknowledged to be his Meaning.
" That I faid was an Enterprile of many and waighty Confiderations : Fyrflyt
*' would require a Royall Army: Her Majefty after that infinite Charge which
*' iho. hath for many Yeares fuftayned both at home and abroad, could not well
*' flipport fo great a Burden. Then, where fliould that Army delcend, Oftend
*' being beieiged? Laftly to what end iliould ihe undertake this Adtion ? Syth
*' the Sea did circumfcribe, as well the Bounds of her Ambition, as the Limits
" of her 'Dominions : Which I fayd appeared by her reall Proceeding both with
" the States, and here with them, in the Danger of their Troubles. To the
" fyrft he anfwered, yt was for her Majeftie to refolve, what ihe would do a-
" gaynfl: the Ennemy. And fomething llie was to do, for he wold advife her
" rather to make her Peace, then to ftand upon the Defenfive; though fayd he,
" I am fo well acquainted with the Affection of the Spaniard, that he thincks,
" to make and keepe a Teace with England, would dryve him headlong into
" Hell. Then the Refolution being taken, yf fhe fhall be pleafed to commu-
*' nicat yt to the King, and for the more alTured effecting of yt, demaund his
" helping hand, flie lliall fynd him moft willing to returne unto her the like
" Affiftance, which he doth acknowledge to have receaved from her, whereby
" he hath recovered the Eftablifliment of his State, which now in peace he doth
" enjoy. He faid, there was no meanes but by raifing the Seige before OJiend;
" nor noe meanes to raife the Seige, but by fome notable Diverfion. And to
" the laft doubt which I propofed, he anfwered, that the King's Ambition was
" likewife regulated, and could be content that there were a particular Prince
" eftabliflied in thofe Provinces. He proceeded, and faid, that yf this A(Stion of
" Flaunders lliall feem expedient, her Majeftie is to refolve Ipeedily. The oc-
" cafion will not ever be prefented, and the Seafon of the Year doth haften on.
" She might caufe her Mynifersto negociate with their Ambafladors; he was
" aflured they Ihould fynd fincere Proceeding, and the like I lliould receave heere.
*' He wiflied the Bruite of the Attempt of Spaine might continew, though the

" purpofe

Book IV. Mr.WimvooDs Negotiation inl^rance, 387

" purpofc were altered, to contincw the Preparations which there were great for An. 1601.
" Defence, and where, (by his Advertifcmcnts,) lo Gallics were ready for the
" Sea, to come down into Flannders. He difcourfcd long with mc upon this
Subjcdt; but becauic I had not that which I came for, (which was to know
whether he thought the King would joync his Forces with her Majeflics, and
declare himfclfe oj>cnly in the Act'ton., yf yt flionid be undertaken,) I retourn-
" cd back to the Number of the Forces; which I laid could not be Icfs then
" loooo Footc, bclydcs a competent Cavallry ; and I doubted, whether fo great
*' a Force might well be Ipared out of the Rcalme. He anfwercd, that mud be
" advifed on and confidcred: Thar the King could not adifl with Men without
" declaring Warrc, and that demand (\\d break olF the Negociation at Calais;
*' whether he fayd, an Information that Dunkerk woidd revolt, did bring the
" King. I rcplyed only, that her Majefly would not preffe the King withun-
*' realbnablc Demands, and foe ieemcd latisficd : And now doc attend your Ho-
nor's Commandments, which fliall inflruit me how to procccdc. This doth
feemc but a Nicety in him, for what real AfTiflance can the King give in fo im-
portant an Action., which long can be concealed, and being difcovered, doth not
imbarque him in the Warre ? Yf her Majefty Ihall be pleafed to imbrace this Adti-
on, the Nomination of a Trmce to this State whole Advancement will be pleaflng
to the King, Afllirance that he fliall not be left alone in the Warre, and fome
hopes tendred to Monjietir de Rhofny, may have power, to make the King with-
out Scrupule, declare the Warre.

This fmall tyme of Repofe which they have had, hath already engendred ma-
ny corrupt and fuperfluous Humours, which not being difcharged without, will
breede a Contagion within the Body of the Realme. And Flaunders remayning
in the Hands of Sjfaine, will ever be a Lance in theire Sydes ; efpecialiy yf the
Crowne (which they cannot but exped:) fall upon the Head of an Infant King.
I befeech your Honor excufe this my Boldenefs, yf my Zeale to her Majefly's
Service hath tranfported me beyond my Modefty and Diicretion. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

i^fr.Winvi^ood, xj^ February, i6oi.

lOrafmuch as Sir Thomas Tarry is to repaire very fhortly to be Refident
__ there as herMajeflie's AmbafTador, and for that purpofe doth nowe fend
over the Bearer hereof his Servant, to make Provifion of a Houfe and other Ne-
cefTaries for him againfl his coming ; I have therefore thought fit to let you
knowe fo muche, and to recommend the Party unto you, to be by you afTifted,
as well in procuring free PafTeports from the King or any of his Counfel whom
it may concerne, for all fuch Utinfyllies as he fliall have caufe to fend hither, as
in any other thing wherein he fhall need your AfTiflance, for the better accom-
modating of the AmbafTador agaynfl his Arrivall. Whereof not doubting you
will take flich Care as is requifyte, I committ you to God.

Tour loving Friend

RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Win-

3^8 Mr. Win woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

'An. 1 60 1.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ . 2.7* February i(5oi. O. S.

I Have not much moire to advertize, then that Monfieur de Bemimarch, (Tre-
forier d' Efpargne now in ^lartier) did very lately fend unto me, by Or-
der from Monfieur de Rhofny^ to know what Commiflion I had to receave the
Somme of 5-0000 Crowns, which now he had in his hands for her Majefty, and
what acquittance I could give for his difcharge. I repaired to his Lodging to give
him Satisfadion in his Demaunds. " He then told me, that Monfieur de Rhof-
" ny was now refolved to fend the faide Somme to their AmbafTador in England^
" who lliould receive the Difcharge for the Payment, from her Majefty. This
" courle, (as I faidunto him) will be more honourable for the King, (for the
*' tranfport either in Specie or by Exchaunge, will be both of Danger and charge,")
yet yf this be but a Collour to gaine Tyme, (as your Honor fliall commaund me)
I will follicit the Payment ; for this is the tyme, and now the States are to re-
ceave the firft Parteof their Adignation, which is 1 00000 Crowns.

The Prefident Jeannin is fent by the King to the Archduke^ and departed from
hence upon Twefday laft. Yt is layd he is to treat about the Subjedt, which
Monfieur Commartin and others have fo long negociated with little purpofe,
namely, about the G?^(yf//j- of thofe Countries ; and to demaund the Soveraingty
of the Qonte of St. Taul, which the King doth hold to appertaine to this
Crowhe. Some adde, that he is to demaund the Delivery oi Boucher, who pub-
lillied that Book, of the Nullities of his Marriage. But the principall Point of
the Negociation, is about the Ajfair of Monfieur de Rhofny for the Principalli-
ty of Efpinoy for his Son in Law, and the Vicomte of Gaunt for himfelfe.
Wherein he is to proceed with Trotefation, (in cafe he fliall be refufcd,) that
the King cannot in Honor give longer delay of Juftice to- his Subjedls; that is,
lefuie to graunt at their Inftance, Letters of Reprifalls-, wherby they may have
roeanes to right themfeives. Hereby it doth appeare, what 'Po'wer Monfieur
4de Rholhy doth hold in the King his Mafer's favour; and that fince he hath
imbarqued himfelfe in the Caufe, he will caelum terris mifcere, rather then re-
ceave a dilgracefull Repulfe.

' Tarfons the Jefuite hath this laft Week written to the Ambaffador of Scot-
land : Excufeing himfelfe for the Writings which he hath pubHflied, to the Pre-
judice of the Scots King. And entreated, (by his Mediation,) to fynd fome en-
tre into hisfdvour and good opinion ; with no want of 'Protejiations, that he
will relinquijh the Service of any other., and only adhere to him., upon the fnal-
left Jhews that he Jhall make of his Inclination., towards the favour of the
Catholiques. Monfieur de Rhofny., in the laft Speech I had with him, did touch
this Point ; That there were many Tra^lifes to alienate the King of Scotland
from the Religion which he profejfeth. And when I anfwered, that he was a
Prince wife, moderate, and dilcreer, and fo well founded in the Religion he pro-
fefleth, that ther was no fear that he wold fuffer himfelfe to be feduced: He re-
plyed. That Ambition did know no other Religion., then that which did make
way for the Advancement of her Tie feigns. Yt feemeth, he hath receaved
fbme AdvertilTements to this purpofe from his Brother-, the King's AmbafTador
at Rome. The Trueth is, the Continuance of the Bifliop of Glafcow in this
Place of Ambaffador ; and many Sollicitations which he hath made to the Rope
(by Letters) to make the Bifhop of Weefmes Cardinally have done a generall
JVrong to the Reputation of his Judgment., as well as his Honor.

Here daily come petty Complaints of the Relltgion and Catholiques one a-
gainft the other. At Lyons., the zo* of the laft Month, there went forth out of
the Towne, betvveene 15- and zo of the Court prejidial, and defaced the Temple
of the Relligion., by breaking down the Doors and Windows. And at Mont-
pellier, in publick Difputacion it hath bin defended, that the Tope is Antichrift.

WhereupoDj

Book IV. Mr.^wwooD's NcgotiatiofiinI' rsince. 38^

Whereupon, tlic Clergy o( La^/^uedoc Iiayc made to the King a greivcous Com- y^«. i^oi.
plaint, which tlic Nuncio here tloth pourlucwith much Vchciiicncy. Letters ai-c
icnt downc from the King to the Chambre mipart'te at Cajircs, to take Kiw-jj-
ledge of the Complaint, and to proceed accordingly to a fcvcre Punifhrncnt: But
I be Relligion is the abfolut Maftcr of that Townc. The Duke oi Nevcrs doth
pourpofc'romc time the next Wceke to depart from hence towards England, (a
Voiage which long he liath projc6led,) to JdfTc her Majcftic's Hands, and to fee
her Court. There are Ibme dozen of his Frends which intend to accompany
him, and amongft them the Vidame of Chartres. The Duke is gon this Day to
take his leave of the King who is now ^x. Fount ainb lean, but hatha purpole to
retyrc himfclfc for lomc few Daycs to Vernueil. Of any further Joroy, we
Jpeake coldly.

Monfieur de Rhofny doth perfwade the Jorny into Toidion, to eftablifli the
'Panchartey which ftill is rcfufed ; the reft of the Coimfail arc unwillino- the
King fliould engage his Authority with his Subjects, in a matter of that quality,
which they are obllinat never to admit. And then, pretending to vific, the Fron-
tier Towns of thofe parts, ro pafTe by Rochell without entring in, is to give the
world to underftand, that therefore he doth palTe by, becaule the Towne will
not luffer him to enter asMaJier, but with the Officers of his Houfehold, and a
limitted Traine.

The Advertifements of the Preparations o? Spain e are daily confirmed ; the
Marquis oi Spinola hath made his Levy of 6000 Men, and as the Seafon will
permit, will pafTe the Montaines and bring them downe. Frederigo is retorned
into Spaine, where they arme in all parts, both by Sea and Land. In the King-
dom oi Naples, ther are to be levied 4000 Men; where likewife, and in Sicily^
is prepared great Provifion for Shiping. There are Letters from Rome, that the
Englijhe Triejis are there arrived, and that t\\t French Ambaffador hath re-
ceaved them into hisTroteBion. Thomas Fitzherhert (who fb long hath lived
in Spaine) hath taken upon him the Robe of a Jefuitte in Rome ; and Thomas
James doth lucceed in his place, to be Fadior for the Englijhe in Spaine. And
io, ^c.

Tour Honor'' s. Sec.

RALPH V/INWOOD.

Articles between the two French Ambaffadors Boififfe and Beatimont^
and the Commiffioners of her Majeftie. ''

COmme plujieurs proportions ont e-
fie fait es par les 'Deputez du Roy
Tres Chrefiien, pour mieux ajfeurer le
Commerce des Francois, en quoy les
Commijfaires de la Royne ont tache de
leur rendre tout contentement. Aiify
lefdits Commijfaires penfent debvoir^
J^ropofer de leur part.

Sur le Premier Article. Art. i.

Les Ambajfadeurs de France refpon- ^le puifque les T rimes ont trouv'e'e

dent, qu'ilz n'ont pouvoir d'accorder hon que Von ne recherfchafi plus avant

ladite abolition, leur eft ant ordonnepar les Memoir es des chofes pafsees, que

leur CommiJJion, de demander repara- feulement T>epuis la jour de V advene-

tion des dommages receus par les Sub- ment du Roy prefent a la Coiironne ;

je6is du Roy depuis fon advenement a que confequement il y ait Article qui

U Couronne feulement % mais non de porte abolition de tout ce qttiferoitfaf-^

quitter J G ^^

■^

JWt.WinwoodV Negotiation in France. Book IVo

^90

Mn. 1601. quitter ceux qiiilz out foufferts mipa- s^ avant ce temps la.
'ravant. Tartant prient les Seignieurs
Commijfaires & 'Deputes de fa Majefte
ferenijjiwe d' avoir agreable, que le
Seignieur de Boififle, (ejlant de retour
en France, comme il efpere bientojl^j
retourne le commandement du Roy la
defftis^ qu'tlne doubt e pomt qu'ilfera
au contentement de fa Majejle Serenif-
Jime. En quoy led'it Seignieur de Boi-
iifle offre defaire tout le meilleur office
qttjl luy ferapojfible.

Sur le I'ne Art.
Accordent-,que les Lettres de Marque
qui feront cy apres oSiroyez, ne fe pu-
ijfent cy apres execute's fiir la terre, fi-
iion q^e pour grandes ^ juftes confide-
r at ions ^ il fuji autrement Ordonne par
les Con fells de leurs Majeftes.

Surle 3 me Art.
Accordent, que fiiivant le y^^ Arti-
cle du TraiEie ^/^Blois, le Roy commet-
tra certaines per fonnes pour advifer ®
arrejier avec ceux que ladite Royne Se-
renijfime v'oudra commettre, de laquan-
tite & quality des Gabelles & peages,
& autres droits qui debvront ejfre pris
fiir les Marchandifes, & qu'icelles ini-
pofitions arreftes, ne puiffent eftre ac-
crue z : a la charge, qu'il en foit fait
de mefnes, pour celles mifes fur par
ladite T>ame : J^t que les Subjects du
Roy iien paient non plus que les An-
glais ; ainjy qu'en France, pour ce Re-
gard, i Is font TraiBes comme les Sub-
je£is du Roy, ^

Sur le 4'^e j^j-j-
Tiifent, qu'il n'efche notification au*
dit Arreji que pour le regard de la con-
fife at ion des Draps, laquelle jufques
icy n'a eu lieu. Et prient lefditsAm-
bajfadeurs que lefdits Tieputes de la
Royne fe vueillent content er que ledit
Seignieur de BoififTe face pareil office
pour ce regard, que pour le contenu au
premier Article.

^ur le jn^e Art.
Refpondent, que V Exemption du
droit d'Aubaine a efte accord^e par le
^^"^-^^ Article duTraiBe de'Qlois : Et ne
refe pour en jouir ejfeSiualement, fi-
mn, que la Royne Serenijfime vueille

declarer

Art. 2.;
^e puis que les Marchants doih'
vent eftre en laproteBion desTrincesy
il ne foit point donn^ lieu a V execution
des Reprefailes fur la terre.

Art. 3™'.
§^e toutes nouvelles charges & im-
pofs, qui ont eft^ lev^e fir les SubjeSfs
de fa Majefte , depuis le Traiife de
Blois, foyent ofth.

Art. 4n'e.
^e le dernier Arreft donne' centre
nos draps foit revoquL

Art. 5'me.
^i£ nos Marchants foyent exempts
dela Loy d'Aubaine; attendii la ri-
gueur dicelle, ^ que pour ce regard
I'' on a trouv^ bon d'en privilegier ceux
des Trovinces Vnies, defquels les Sub-

jeSis

Book IV. Mr^NiawooDsNegotiafiofiinVrmcQ. 391

declarer fa Volonte fur la continuation je£is de fa Majejie penfent que les me- An. 1601.
dudit Trai£id. rites n'ont pas devanc^ les leurs. ~

Sur Ic ()'"'= Art. Art. 6"ie.

Seront expedites toutes proviftons Et d'antant que les Lettres de Pa-

neccjfaires pour rcndre les Jugemens reatis , fans lefquellcs on fie peut au-

executoircs , par tout le Rojaume de jourdhny execnter les jugemens des

France. Commiffaires hors le rejfort du Tarle-

^li eft ce que lefdits Ambaffadeurs ment deKo'\XQu,fint longues^ de grands

de France ont eftimd debvoir refpondre frais : ^Cil Joit pourveu en la Qom-

auxdits Articles ; fe refervant cy a- miffioti^ que les Coppies dicelle colla-

fres de propofer de leur part ce qu'ils tionn^es a I'Original , fiijfiront pour

jugeront^ pour faciliter & entretenir I' Execution defdits jugemens par tout

le Commerce des Subjects du Roy en ce k Royaume-, comme il en a eft e par le

Royaume. pafse.

Et que les Vtlles ^rivilegiees n'en
puijfent pretendre exemption.

Replique des CommifTaires de fa Majefte, a la Refponce faide par
les Ambaffadeurs de France aux Propofitions defdits Commiffaires.

Art. I.
/^' a efte V intention & deftr de pi M^ycfio ponr le bien des deux Eftats, ^pour
^ cojiferver entre eux PamitiS, de vuider toutes caufis de plainfe fur le fait
des T)epredations. Et pour ceft effeSf^ elk Envoya Monfteur Edmonds expres
'uers le Roy, pour luy faire entendre ce bon defir qu'elle avoit, ^ recevoir de
luy femblablement fa reflution la dejfus. Avec lequel fut accords, que I' on ne
rechercheroit des chofes que ce qui feroit arrive depuis le commencement dti
Regne du Roy prefent : Et que pour ce mieux ejf emitter, on envoy eroit par de fa.
des 'Deputez. Suivant quoy, nous prefumions que les Ambajfadeurs fajfent on
deuffent eftre authorlfez pour .ce faire. Et comme ainfi fit, que I' on nepuiffe
nier, que pour bien compofer les Ajfaires, ^pour continuer le Commerce entre
les deux Royaumes, il foit necejfaire d'accorder cefte abolition la ; nous ef
perons, que s'ilz, ne font dejiapourveus de Commiffion fuftifante pour ceft ejfeB,,
ilz uferont de toute diligence four avoir plus ample pouvoir duRoy: Et que
Monfieur de Boififle ne partira pas que le TraiB^ n'ait re feu pleine conclujion
fkr ce point la. .

Art. X,
^and au fecond Article, il femble raifonnable qu'il foit abfolument accorde
Jkns Aucune telle reftri£tion d ordinaire ou extraordinaire ; parce qu'autrement,
I'Eftat des pauvres Mar chants fera atijfy incertain & danger eux, comme il eft
a prefent.

Art. ^. . ; ; . ■

Tour le troifieme, s'ily a bonne intention de venir a reiglement & accord fur
ce fait des Taxes ^ Impofitions, dont les SubjeBs de fa Majefte ont grande oc-
cafion de fe plaindre, il n^y peut avoir du temps ^ de perfonnes plus propre a
ceft effect que font les Ambaffadeurs maintenant Authorises , ® le prefent
TraiBe: Et pour la forme que I' on aura a tenir en ce Reiglement Id, on s'ett
doiht rapporter aux TraiBes cy devant faiBs entre les deux CouYonnes:

Art. 4.
Touchant le quatriefme^ il eft manifefte que ledit Arreft donn^ contre nos
1>raps, eft en plufteurs poinBs par trap extreme ^rigourieiix: Et pour les
raifons que Von alkguoit en ce faiB la, on y a maintena^it pourveu par ABe
du dernier Tarlement. Et ne peuvent nos Marchdnts eftre aucunement en feu-
rete, jufques a ce qu'ilfoit entirement revoque. Ce qu'ayant par cy devant

MrWn^wooDs Negotiation in France. Book IV.

eft^ promis a Monfieiir Edmonds, debvolr eftre long temps a effeBu^, on trouve
eftran^e que cela ait encores maintenant befo'ing de Nouvelle Solicitation. Et
d'C le laiffer en fiijpenjion, cela ne petit ejire fans danger ^ parce qiiil ne laijfe
pas de pouvoir ejire Exectiter a la premiere occajion. ol vn?,

Art. 5-,

'Poiir le chiquiefine^ veu les molefies que les SubjeSis de fa Majefld traffi-
quans en France recoivent fouventt par la rigeur de ladite Loy d' Aubaine ; @
confidere auffy, que les SubjeSis duRoy ne fdiffent rien, de tel icy, Ceft chofe
jujie & conforme a Vamitid qui eft entre les deux Couronnes, que cela nous foit
maintenant accorde, conime il eft a plujieurs autres des Amis & AUiez, de la
France, fans nous renvoyer a I' interpretation dtt Trai6id de Blois, n'y d'aucim
autre. .

Art. 6.

^ant aufixieme, nous acceptons la Refponce quiy eft faidie\ & requerons,
que cela puijfe eftre effeSlue' le pluftot que faire fe pourra ; a Caitfe del Inte-
reft des parties, qui ont maintenant proces en France.

Et \quant a la dernier e refervation defdits Ambaffadeurs, les Commijfaires
fe re fervent aujfy pare i lie liberte ; defirans cependant, que lefdits Ambajfa-
deurs vueillent premierement par leurs determinations © Conclufions en ce
TraiBe, donner ordre d. ces propofitions, qu'ilz leur ont prefentees, fir lef
quelles les SubjeBs de fa Majefte fe plaignent grandement ; afin de mieiix en-
tretenir VAmitie ^ le Commerce entre les deux Royaumes.

Propofitiones ultimo loco inter Dominos CojnmifTarios hinc

inde Agitatse.

Art. r.

ZT'^IJIJM videtur, tit omnes ^ fnguli fiibditi & Aler cat ores utriufque
y i_j '■principisj in mutuam proteBionem fufcipiantur-, quo liber e ac fecure li-
cit am Mercaturam exercere poffint : ^od commodiffime fiet, fecundum conven-
tiones in prior ibus TraBatibus inter utriufque Regni principes initas.

Art. %.
^0 me litis depradationibiis aliifque latrociniis piraticis obvietur-, aqmtati
confbnum videtur, quod 'Dominns Exercitor, Capitaneus, TrafeBus, Magiftery
feu Bur far ius, duos fidejtijfores idoneos det "vel dent, praftet vel praftent, Admi-
rallo, Vic eadmir alio-, feu eorum locum tenentibus ; videlicet, pro navibtis Mer-
catorum ^ aliorum fubditorum, pofthac cum Bellico app^ratu ^ Reprafaliis e-
mittendis, in duplici Mavis, apparatus, & ViBtialium Valor e : Et de aliisy
, qua tantum mercatura caufa, fine Reprafaliis © apparatu bellico emittuntur,
in fmplici. Et ft diBi Admir alius, Vic eadmir alius, feu eorum loca tenentesy
nullos, vel minus idoneos fidejuffores acceperint, culpa eorum interveniente,
de Injur a s ipfi refpondere teneantur.

Art. 3.

^io impenfs Mercatorum, qui lites intenturi funt , melius pro fpiciatur%
Conventtim eft, ut eorum Caufa intra fex menfes expediantur, fi commode fieri
pojfit : Idque per Commiffarios a Chriftianijfimo Rege in Gallia conftitutos, gra-
tis, ^ fine fumptibus partium ; quemadmodumjam inAnglia a ferenijjima Re-
gina conftittitum eft.

Art. 4.
Sententia feu Condemnationes in ABionibus civiliter intent atis in eos qui
piraticam exercent lata-, infmgulos delinquentes in pofterum in folidum fiant :

Fide

Book I V. Mr Win woods Ncgoiiatwn in France. 3 ^ ^

FidejuJJorc's verhy pain am Jtipilatafn fraflabtint tantuvnnodb-, quoad hijuriam An. i6oi,
jpajfo feu Jpoliato Jatisfiat.

Art. $.
Tofl trcs mevft's clappjs a tempore traditionis llterarum principls utriuj^
que Regniy vel arequi/itioue Oratoris Rejident'iu ji ""Jnjlitia denegata fiiertt^
Reprajalia hinc inae coiiccdi p'offiln't.

Alt. 6. ,

^wd vnll't fiibdkorJim utriufqite 'Principis, Jiaves alterutrms Trincipts,
fen fiibdltontm Jiiorum-, Vexilla fiii princtpis Ere£ia gerentes., fitb poena Mor-
tis '<3 Conjifcutlonis bonortim, in pojierum Jijtant, capiant, de via divert ant ©
Jpolient. Nihilomimts nuUi fubditornm utritifque principis, fub posnis fnpra-
ai5fis, nlla Armornm terrefirinm five maritimornm genera^ ubicnnqne fabrica-
torum^ prater ca qua ad necejfariam navinm d'efcnfionem fiifficient.^ ad hoftes el-
terutrius principis tranfvehent feu travfportabunt : Nee alterutrins principis
fiibditi libertate Commercii, in prajtidicitm alterutrins Trincipis, quovifnio-
do abutentur. ' ,

- . .. . ■ Art. 7.

Non licebit in pojierum naves alterutrins principis ■> vel fubditorum fuornm,
in portubus alterutrins Regni ad Anchoras refidentes, nee vel Mercimonia in
eifdem onerata fijiere, nee Mercatores vel Natitas invitos cogere, ad dicfd
Mercimonia vendenda vel difirabenda, nifi fib jnjlo pretio : Nihilominns fi
alteruter princeps diBis navibus feu mercimoniis opus habiierit, bene li-
cebit eorum alterutri-, eafdem Naves, una cum Mercimoniis, ad ufus fuos ac-
commodare, foluto 'Dominis jujio pretio.

Art. 8. . .
Juftiffimum efi, quod fi qui tdm immanes ac barbari reperiantur, qui omnl
humanitate fpretd, adeo in fubditos alterutrins principis favierint, nt eos in.
mari navigantes inter fee erint, velfabmerferinti vel hoftibus vendiderint, grd-
viffimis paenisjtixta demerit a pleEientur.

Art. 9.

Reprafalia jam concepfa revocanda funt : Verum tamen conventum eft quoU
partes bine inde qua aliquas ejufmodi Reprafalias obtinuerint., Caufas fitas co-
ram Judicibus ad illud bine inde refpe^ive defignatis, profequentur : Et fi in-
fra tres menfes diBa Caufa a dittis Judicibus non expediantur, bene licebit
diSiis partibus conquerentibus, plus jiifto gravatis, Reprafalias demio obtinere.
Conventum tamen eft, quod pofthac nulla Repr a falia contra fubditos alterutrius
Trincipis, nifi fub magno Regni fiti fiigillo cone eda?itur.

Art. 10.

Naves omnes immediato principis Mandate emifpa, vel a Regia Clafiis pra-
fe£lis in ufus pub lie os afcita, & Matriculis infcripta, pro Regiis Navibus ba-
be antur : Et fi quid ab eifdem commijfum fiierity ipfi principes damnum datum
refarcire tenebuntur.

Atx.. II.

Edi6ia fublica fiant, ne ulla bonorum in Mari captorum divifio, tra^ifporta'-
tio, feu alienatio permittatur, neve quis eadem fpolia emat, receptet, feu cekt,
nifi Judicis Admiralitatis fententia feu deereto, jufta & legit im a prada loco,
definiantur : Neve maritimarum Civitatum feu Villarum alterutrius Regni
Magiftratus, Tiratas, (feeundum alterutrius Regni leges, profcriptos, & pub-
lice denunciatos,) in partus feu infra diBarum Civitatum five Villarum limites
recipiant, feu ft ationem facer e permitt ant : Neve diBarum Civitatum feu Vil-
larum Incola, diBos profcriptos bofpttio excipiant^ ant eifdem ViBualia, Atixt-

5- H li^ifri^

3|:1 Mr.WiiivjooD^ Negotiation inlrance. Book IV.

An. 1 601. lium, favoremve ullum prafient', fed de finer i illos., ac Judicio ftfii faciant\
idque fiib pxenis de Jure debitis^ cura reparatione damnorum ^ inter ejfe.

Sufpenfio & prorogatio Colioquii inter ScreniHimi^ Regin^ Anglic
Commiffarios & Chriftianiilimi Gallorum Regis Oratores Londi-
ni'habiti Anno 1602.

C1)M inter nos Carolum Comitem Notingham, Baronem de Effingham, pra-
clari Or dints Garterii Militem, Locum tenentem comitatuum Sujfex @
Siirria, ConJiabulariu?n Honoris & Caftri de JVindfor, Magnum Admirallum
Anglia, Hihernia, & Walliie, .ac 'Dominiorum & Infidarum earundem, Vill£
Calefia & Marchiarum ejiifdem, Normannia, Gafconia ^ Aquitania, Clajjif-
que & Murium di^iorum Regnorum Anglia & Hibernian prafeEium Genera-
lem ; Robertum Cecyl Militem SereniJJima Regina Anglia principalem Secre-
tarium ; Jobannem Forte fcue Militem Cancellarium Scaccarii ; Johannem 'Top-
ham Militem Capitalem Jufticiarium ad p lac it a coram di5ia fua Majejiate te-
nenda ajjlgnatmn ; Johannem Herbert Armigerum fua Majefatis fecundum Se-
cretariiim, SereniJJima Regina Anglia ConfiUarios : Nee non Julium Cafarem
' Legum 'DoElorem diBa SereniJJima Regina Anglia a libellis fupplicibus, &
fuprema Curia Admiralitatis Judicem\ Thomam Tarry Militem, T^anielem
''Dun Legum T>oBorem "Decanum t3 Officialem principalem CuriaCantuarienJis
de ArcTibus London'. Thomam Edmonds Secretioris Confilii clericum, Commif-
farios & 'Deputatos Serenijfima Regina: Et Johannem de Thumery T)ominum
de Boifjfe, iuyintimo ^ facratiori Regis conceffu Confliarium ; ^ Chrijiophormn
de Harlay Comitem Bellimontii, in intimo & Sacratiori Regis confeffu Conflia-
rium, prafeEium facri palatii Tarifenfs, ^ Regium Cubicularium, Legatos @
Oratores Chriflianiflmi Gallorum Regis, T>iu multumque per aliquot menfes
fuperiores in hac Londinenfi Civitate aSium & communicatum ft, tam pro re-
fiitutione fpoUorum in fubditos iitriufque Regni commijforum, de modis ac me-
diis ineundis quibus liberum commercium inter fiibditos utriufque Regni f cure ha-
beatur, ac fpolils & depradationibus in poferum obvietur, quam de libera navi-
gatione fibditis utriufque Regni reftituenda, ac de nomdlis aliis diffictiltatibus^
controverfis, & querelarum caufs inde ortis, prout ex fcriptis utrinque ex-
hibit is latius poteft apparere: In quibus eo ufque procejfum eft ut de quibufdam
inter nos convenerit, dummodo de reliquis quoqtie conveniret, quod ha6ienus
nulla modo fieri potuit . ^t igitur omnia diligent er examinentur ^ quo oportet
judicio difcutiantur, quo ad bonumfinem & exitum perveniatur, quemamnodum
inter principes vicinos & confoederatos decet ; vifim nobis eft totum hoc nego-
tium ad principes noftros referre, quo ex eorum confultatione & voluntate, quid
de fngulis coriftituendum ft, partictdatim inteUigatur; quod equidem commode
fieri non poteft nifi prafens hac communicatio fifpendatur ac prorogetur. §hiare
110s Tieputati ac Oratores fupradiBi confideratis his qua di6ia funt, & expenfis
rertim ac controverfiarum ponderibus at que momentis, qua plane hujufmodi funt
ut paucis diebus non confici pojfe videantur, de communi inter nos conventione
fufpendimus ac prorogamus per has prafentes hanc noftram Communicationem ab
hac die, quoad noftris principibus vifumfuerit e re & commodo eorum fore, ccep-
tam communicationem jttxta retroaBa repetere, ac eandem prof qui, & ad exi-
tum (f fieri poffit) perducere. ^a pendente temporis dilatione, Conventum
eft inter nos, ut Juftitia hinc inde miniftretur-i & Commercia exerceantur.

Nottingham. Ro. Cecyll.

J. FoRTEscuE. John Herbert.

Jo. PoPHAM. Jul. Caesar.

Daniel Dun. Tho. Edmonds;

Mr, Secre-

feooklV. AlnV^ii^'^''ooDs Negotiation inVrancQ. 35)

2 QC?

Af>: S'ecreuiry Cccyll to Mi\ Winwood.

MvJViii'moodi 14 March 1601.

HAV ING informed you in my other Letters, of all thofe particulcrs which
do concern the Caulcs of 'i)c^redatioji, which arc handled here by the
(JommtJJloners-, I think it good alio to let you know, what hath pafTed between
this French Ambajf'ddor and me, concerning the State of the Affairs in Flaun-
ders. I have told him, that in rcfpedt of fome things which I have heard to have
paHcd between Jw/, and fome Cowicellers of that EJlate, by wayc oi'Difconrfe,
(who being informed by you of her Majcftie's purpofe^ to do fomething upon
the Coafts of Spayne, jeemed in no ibrt to approove that fo well, as fome other
mayne Acitons in Flaunders) it is our lOefire to fall into Confideration, what is
probable that each Prince may be brought unto ; for othcrwife it is in vain to
fpeak of things in Generaltys, Jectindum Optata, when in the particuler-, there
is no fitch Correjpojidetky of T)efre or A^i'ion-, as may bring forth any proffita-
ble Conlcquence to the Place in danger. For whilfl: the King doth ftill wifli,
that Ibmcthing might be done, and that it mud be a common AEiion^ and a great
^ejfeing, and that wee can never underftand rightly, what the King will put in
Execution, when it fliall come to theupfliott; there ryfeth no fruit of lilch Dif-
couri'eS. In which Confideration I ufed this Liberty unto him ; to let him know,
that when I confidcr what the King may contribute to all fiich Actions, I found
that it mud needs fall within one of thefe three heads, either by an Army to be
Compounded between him, the ^leen-, and the States, and fo to declare him-
iclf; or els to yeald Support of Mony ; or to difpofe himfelf to all frendly Offices;
as in Connivence at this Subject's taking the States Paye, or in fafhioning his
Proceedings at home and abroad, {o as to interrupte or retarde thofe things which
they practice or prepare, for the Advancement of their own Defleings. For the
firfl I told him, that for my own part I dream'd not of it, for we found by for-
mer Experience, when it came to any luch Periode, then the King flew from it
ablbliitely, and feem'd rather to objed', that it was a Courle only propounded by
us, to draw him to break his Peace, fo as thereof I tould him, it was needeles to
difpute. For the fecond, I thought it a thing moft eafy for him to do, moft rea-
fonable, and that vi'hereunto none need to be privy, or if they were, there were
many Pretexts to cover any fuch Proceeding. Whereof you may take occafion
(by the way) to lett fall, how Httle hope we have to receave any good Satis-
fadion: Firft becaufe when there was fuch a thing on foot, and that the King
had fpoken in the higheft Style, yet when it came to particularity s, he offered a
Pay for two or three Months, of luch Troops as wee fliould fend; when of all
Charges, that is accompted the leaft, for Pay to Troops iffiies with tyme; but
that which lyeth heavy eft upon is here, is the firft Levy, which coft more for
every headd, then fower Moneths paye, before he pafi"e the Seas : So as in that
point, it fliall not be amifs for you, to prevente any barren offer. You fhall alfo
let him know, how fliort his laft Payment of Fifty Thoufand Crowns doth come,
ether in her Majeftie'sExipetStation, or of the Condition of his Promifes ; being
fo much the lefs valuable alfo, becaufe her Majeftie fayeth, that flie receaveth as
yet no Certainty in the World, ether when the next Payment Ihall beginn, or
what it fhall be. I pray you therefore, lett him know that fo much is obferved,
and prefs that point, as that which induceth the Queen, rather to approove this
firft mean Payment. And for that Summe, you lliall underftand that her Maje-
ftie has commanded me, to fpeak to the Ambaffador, that it may be ether made
over by Exchange, or els brought over in ^tart d'Efcus; which if it be, her
Majeftie will fend to "Deipe or Calais for it. For the laft Point likewife, I went
thus farr with him, that I was thus perfwaded, that if the King lifted, he might
very eafily (tanqiiam alitid Agens) hinder the coming down of the new Supplies
thorough Brejfe^ of which great good might follow. For yf her Majeftie lliold

^^S Mr.WiNwooDs Negotiation mVianct. Book IV;

y^u. 1601. enable the States to putt any Army into the Field, which might be doing before
— — J June^ (before which tymc they will not be ready to pafs the Mounraynes,) there

might be fome good DefTeing executed, confidering the State of Enemy as it is for

the prefcnt. Thus have you all that pafTed here, only 1 think good to advertife you.

that one Furtado, putting himfelf into a Acquaintance with the S^anijh Ambaf-
Jador in France, pretcndeth, that there is ftyll dcfire on the other fyde to renew

the Treaty, whereof I thought it not amifs, in generall termes, to lett vo much
fall to the Ambaffador how wee were now nouvellement recherchez; though I
dyd no way name the Man, nor the Manner, nether iliall you need to doe it.
You may do very well to ufe this Language, yf they iliall fay, that we take not
hold of their Propofitions, or follow not opportunity's; that iivhojbever Jpeaks,
Jhe a£ieth and aifeth alone: For notwithftanding her own Warr defenfive, her
Fleet which now goeth to Sea with the fjrft Wind, and fhall be again feconded with
another Fleet, to be able to lyve out till Winter, being added to the Charo-e fhe
hath been at in the Low Countries fince OJiende was beficged, hath and mud
coft her above 300000 Crownes: So as her Majefly wafleth not only in Roy all
Defences of her own Kingdomes, but fpendeth her Treafure and People in Acti-
ons of Undertaking, and in fo long a Proportion, as no body need to doubt (yf
others would engage themfelves a bon efcient for any thing) but Ihe would be
ready to conjoine Royally. I think it alio not amils, to give you one Caution,
(lead happily they lliall think to confound her Payments to come, by offring
fome Proportion of Mony, which now they will pretend that they will contri-
bute) that you do of your felfe make them ienfible, that her Majefly experts a
Separation of that which they have refolved in Payment of her Debt, and that
which they will do now to this common Intereft, which toucheth him as near
as her. And thus I commit you to God's Protedlion.

From the Court Tour very loving Friend,

^i Richmond. RQ. CECYLL,

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

Mr. Winwood, Of the fame 'Date.

SINCE the Writing of my other Letter, we have {o farr foorth yeelded to
qualiifye certaine of our Demands, (to latisfie the importunities of Monfieur
de Boijijfe that preffeth to be gonne) as wee are content to referre the ordering
of the Matters of the Impofitions and Taxes to Ibme other tyme, to be handled
by other Minifters, to be Ipecially inflru6ted therein : And that in the mean
tyme, there be 'Declarations or Tables delivered of both fides, of the Dutyes and
Impofitions which the Subjects are to paie in ether Kingdom ; that our Merchants
may only fatisfye the avowed Rates by the King, and not be fiibjedt to other
Burdens and Charges, which the particuler Towns at their Plealiire impofe on
them. The oth^r Point is concerning the Matter of the Aubena, wherein the
Ambafladors defire to be excufed, from exprelTe byndeing themfelves that the
King fliall grante the lame, both becaufe they have no fufEcient Power from the
King for that extraordinary Matter, as alfo, for that they fliould offend in good
manners, and due relpecSt, to tye him by Stipulation to that, which is to be
mediated as a Curtefie : But they do ferioufly proteft and promife, that they
will employ themfelves to their utterraoft to the King for the effedting thereof;
and they give good hope, that they fliall obtain the fame. In all the other points
they have undertaken to procure us direEt Satisfadiion from the King, the which
peribrmed, wee have yeelded that we will then conclude and perfed: with them
our private Treatie. Concerning thefe Matters of Depredation, wee have en-
tered into the Examination of the particuler Complaints of our Side, and do

fynde

Book IV. iMrAViNwooD*^ Ncgoiiatmi m France, 397

fynde it to be a common Unhappincs with them, that they are able to give us An. \6oi.

veric little Satisfa(5tion touching former Diibrdcrs. And ib I committ you to

God.

From the Court at Tour lovhig Friend,

Richmond. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

, Right Honorable; Taris., ly^^March 1601. O. S.

Ilhall be able at this time only to advertize your Honor of the ordinary Oc-
currences of this place. Yt is fome Daies fmce the News came, of the Death
of the Duke o? Mercoeur:, who inhisrctorne iromTrague fell fick at Nurern-
bergh, and died (as yt is reported) of the Tlague the 19,^!' of the laft Month.
His Body is brought into Lorraine^ and is to be buried at Nancy. Upon Sat-
terday laft Morifieur Schamberg, Ambaffador from the Emperour., arrived to this
ToWne. He is lodged by the King, but not defrayed, only he hath bin pre-
fentedwith fome Provifions for his. Table. He is much agreevcd, that he was
not accompanied into the; Towne by the Ambafladors of other Princes, (only
the Count de Saulmes went forth to meet him,) but coraplaineth efpecially of
the unduefifull reffeB of Ayala, the Agent for the Archduke ; the good of
whofe Affaires (as he faith) his Ambaffage doth particularly cone erne \ to
whom he is to gocj lb foone £ts from liehce he Ihall be difpatched. Unlefs I
fhall receave from your Honor contrary Commaundment^ I have no pourpofe to
vifithim; for in a matter of doubt full Di/pute, peccatum omiffionis, I pre fume
will be mojl pardonable. Yefterday he receaved his firft Audience. Whilil he.
was with the King at the Louvre, (his whole Traine attending him there,) the
Dores of his Lodging, which is alHoftel de Madame, were broken open, his
Coffers ryfled), and in Money taken away, to the Somme of 3 000 Dollars.
. Monfieur de Buzenval doth prefently returne into the fiOW -Countries. In
\i\^ Letters of Credence tp the States, the King doth write, that he doth re-
tor ne only for the difpatche of his owne private Affaires, and that they mtiji-
not think ftrange hisdeparture from them, afid retorn ifito ¥Ta.nce. Which is
to no other erid, but either becaufe that the King hath pafled his Promife to the
dope's Nuncio, and the AmbafTador of Spaine, for his retorne only in that Fojrrae ;
or that upon Complaynt of his retorne and aboad there, this Reafon may be al-
leaged ; and for Satisfaction, yf need be, theLetter it felfe may be produced. In the
mean tyme the States have receaved their firft Paiement, viz. loocoo Crowns^
and attend the fecond of the fame Somme in Af^, the laft in September: ■ And
befides, the King doth accord them a Levee of xooo Men, which will be ready
to pafle the next Moneth. Monfieut de Buzenval hath in charge, yfperchancie
Baronio the Italian (of whom I advertized your Honor in November laft) lliould
pafle that waye, to foUicit the States to apprehend him and retain him, until!
they Ihould underftand more from the King,; * who is ofopinion^ that he was a-
pojied, with thofe Inftrudtions, by the IDuke of Savoye, to fowe Jealoufies and
Sufpicioris in the Minds of his Subjeits ; therby to alienate them from their du-
tifull Allegiance, which they do owe unto him. Yf he fliall come into England;
your Honor may be pleafed to have an Eye unto him, for there are many Pre^
lumptions that he is ^nlmpoftor; though the matters which here he delivered, do
carry with them great appearance of Probabihty, and have .wrought a ftraunge
Opinion in the Minds of the moft judicious in this Court. And yf his coming
be a TraStize, there was an yll Choife of his Perlbn, for he is known to many
to be of a diflblute and lewd Converlation, and often to have changed the Pro-
feflion of his Relligion. His NimQ is Br oc hard Boron, born in ChiauvennCt ^
Towne of the Gri/bns.

* vide Cardinal (i'Ojf^i's Letters, Ko/. j, /"jjj. !4i, 143. ,

^ t There

3^8 Mr.Win'^ooDs Negotiation inl^Yancc. Book IV.

^«. 1601. There hath been good Juflice done at Sattmur for the intended Ajfafinat oi
' Monfieur de Tlejjis. The principall was firft llrangled, then his Body burnedj
and his Head affixed upon the place, where the Murder lliould have bin execu-
ted : The Complices were publickly whipped, and the one baniftied, the other
fent to the GaJIies. I underftand the King hath a defire to recall Monfieur de
TleJJis to the Court and to his Service, but wold have it proceed from his Suit
and Petition. Viovi^xcxxi de Rhofny hath undertaken to mediate the matter, and
hath fent a Gentleman exprefTly for that purpofe, to Saumtir to him. That
Ifaac Taris, who was fufpedted to hold Intelligence with the Duke Efpernon
for the Surprize of Roche lie, hath endured the Torture ordinary and extraordi-
nary, bur hath confefTed nothing ; and nothing being proved agaynft him, upon
Caution, is reflored to his Liberty. ThisWeeke paft the Allarum Was fo hot and
generall, that the Warre fhould be declared agaynft Statue, that the Kin^ at his
Arrival to this Towne from Sr. Germains did fend unto the Ambailador of
Spaine, to aiTure him that this was -k fond and frivolous Bruit ■, raifed without
appearance of Subjed; and that for his part, as he was willing firft to make the
Peace, fo he will be found ever carefull to conferve it really and fincerely. Not-
withftanding, upon the Advertilements of the Preparations of Spaine^ Monfieur
de Guife hath Comraaundment to retorn to his Government ohTrovence; and
Order is given, that twenty two Companies Ihall be fent downe, to reinforce the
Garrifbns of thofe parts.

Since the beginning of Lent, certaine bafe Comedians have publicklie plaied in
this Towne the Tragedy of the late ^leen of Scott es. The King being then at
Vernueil, I had no other recourfe but to the Chancellor-, who upon my Com-
plaint was very fenfible of that fo lewde an Indifcretion, and in my hearing gave
an efpeciali Charge to the Lieutenant Civill, (to whofe Duty the Provifions for
luch Diforder doth appertaine,) to have care, both that this Folly fhould be pu-
nifhed, and that the like hereafter fliould not be committed. Since, Monfieur
de Villeroy (upon the Notice which I gave him) doth promife that he will give
order both for the Punilhment of that which is paft, and for future Remedy.
Here have bin certaine Brouilleries between this ^leen and the Marquife :
Whereupon Madard and Madamoifelle de Guife, whom the King doth lulpe<3:
to be affedtionate to the §hieen, rather upon Fadtion then good Devotion, and to
exafperate her againft xhtMarquife, with whom hitherto flie hath bin content to
live en bon mefnage, are by his Commaundment (as fome fay) removed from
the Court. The Prince foynville was lately in this Towne, wherewith fome of
his Freinds did acquaint the King; upon hope, that though he would not expref^
ly recall him to the Court, yet by Connivance he would have fuffered his Re-
torne : But the King gave them to underftand, that though he had the Boldnefs
of his late Father, (who came to Paris at the Barracades, contrary to theCom-
raatmdment of the laf King-,) yet he Jhould not meet with the like want of Cou-
rage in him, not to dare to punijhe fo difobedient a Contempt. Which Anfwer
made him prefently to retire. Since, the Count o? Auvergne hath challenged
him to fight, but they have not met : Againft whom, one Combelle a Gentleman
of fome Quality, hath difcovered many pernicious TraBizes , which now he
doth handle with the Duke of Savoy e. Thefe daily Pradtizes of this Count, do
minifter Subjedt of Difcourfe to the Mouthes of all Men, of the Incertitude of
this State, fith he doth continue yet with confidence, with too carelefs a re-
fpedl, (yf in fear then in great Miiery,) to committ the Safety of his Perfon,
(whereon the Surety of this Repofe doth depend,) to the Embracements oi the
Sifter of this Man, who is known to have a Spirit fafliioned only ad flnifirum ',
both capable to undertake, and refolute to put in Execution, what Mifchiefe mofl:
may be feared.

Monfieur de Rhofny the Weeke paft was receaved Confeillier of the Court of
^arlement. Yt is a Dignity not ordinarily conferred upon Men of the Sword,
unlefs they are Trynces of the Blood, or T aires of the Realme: Yet Monfieur
le Grand did receive the fame Honnor in the laft King's Tyme. This doth make

. the

Book IV. Mr.Winv/ooDsJSIegotiathnmVrance. 359

the way to Monfleur de Rhofny to be Thic and Taire of France ; who to avoid
Envy, will not mount w^ per faltum to the highcll Degree of Honor. Tht'Duke
of Never s parted from hence many Daycs fmcc towards England; but purpolcd
to (laic by the waic at St. Valleries, untill his Company ihould be ancmblcd at
Calais. The V'tdame o^ Chartres (who promilcd to be his bcfl Pilot) is fallen
ficke in this Townc, and keepcs his Bed; but whether the Sickiiefs be real or dif^
fcmbled by him, for a Pretext to diiengage himiclfe from a Jorney, which for
many Reafons he was unwilhng to undertake, may be difputed. The Voiage of
Blois is deferred untill the Weekc after Eajler. And lb, ®r.

Tour Honor'' s., Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Air. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll. An. l6o^.

Right Honorable y Tar is, 28^'^ March x6o%. O. S.

UPON the Receipt of your Honor's Letters, (which came to my hands the
beginning of the Weeke, which here is called la femuyne peneufe,J I re-
payred in dilligence to Fotmtainbleau ; whether the Day before, a DifJDatch from
the French AmbalTador of the fame Subjed:, had brought Monfieur de Villeroy.
I follicited him to be a meanes for my Accels to the King , though, I faid, I
knew that tyme to be unfeafonable, being wholly appropriated to their Devo-
tions ; yet the defire of Monfieur de Boijtjfe to be difengaged and fet at liberty
for his retorne, did make me with more Boldnefs importune him. The King
gave me Accejfe upon Thurfdaj. To whom I laid, " That by the Difpatch he
" had reeeaved from his Ambaflador, he did well underfland all that hath paf-
" fed, and now is concluded, in the Conference between them and her Majeftie's
" CommifHoners ; wherein Order is taken, that the juft Complaints of his Sub-
*' jeds fliall be fatisfied, znd a. Reiglement eftabliflied, to prevent all future Abufes
" in that kind, in the fame prefer ibed Termes as they themfelves have conceaved
" and propofed. Wherby doth appeare the afTedJiionat Defire her Majeftie hath
'' to give him Contentment, and the AfTeurance which Ihe doth repofe in his
" Amirie and Alliance ; having as it were in part abandoned the Care of the Safe-
" ty of her State, in reftrayning her own Subjedis to ftich rigorous Conditions,
" and call it upon his Love to her, and the Affedlion of his Subjects; tying
" them to no other Bonds, then to the Bonds of Gratitude, and that common
" Honefty, which the Law of Nature and Nations doth require. I faid there
" now refted nothing for the Entertainment of a compleat Amitie, but that he
" wold be pleafed to enter into a reciprocal! Confideration of thofe manifold
" and extraordinary Impofitions, wherewith her Majeftie's Subjedis trading with-
" m this Realme, are greivoufly lurcharged, not only againfl the Intendment of
" the Treaties both ancient and modern, but contrary to his Privity and good
" Pleafure, at the Appetite of every annuall Officier, who doth govern in thofe
" Towns where they trade; and fo fhewed to what Infolencies of the Fermicrs
" of Cuftoms, not only our Marchants, but every particular of our Nation paf^
" fmg through his Realme, are dayly expofed. I remonflrated, that there was
" no one Abufe whereby the Amitie of the two Crowns was more wronged, then
" by the Pretext of the TiroiSi d'Aubeine; under eollour whereof, upon the
" Deceafe of any Englijhe Marchant, the Books of Accounts of the deceafed are
" fearched, and often embezeled ; his Chambers, Coffers, and Counting-houfesry-
*' fled; and by reafon of the Intercourfe of Commerce which is betwene Mar-
" chants of the fame Trade, Fellows, and Copartners, the Goods of the Survivors
" are often feazed and fequeflred, and either are to be quitted, or with Charge
" redeemed. Upon thefe Reraonftrances made to her Majeftie, by the humble
" Petition of her Marchants, I faid, ihe could not but take notice of theire fo juft

" Greifes?

4C0 Mr.Witiy^ooDs Negotiation inVmnce, Book IV.

'.' Greifes, and in their behalf make inftance, that he wold be pleafed to remit
this Royaltie ; which though it were but a fmall, yet wold be efteemed an ac-
" ceptable Favour. His Coffers did not receave therby (by the relation of his
" Financial's) xoo Crowns a Yeare through his whole Realme ; and what fhould
" by this Privelege be wanting in his Coffers, wold be tripled in his Cuftoms:
" For by reafbn'of the abovenamed Iniolencies, our Men trading within his
" Realme, did rather deferve the Name oiTedlers then Marchants, they being
" only Factors, Prentices, and Servants, lodged in Chambres Garnies, who bring
" no more Marchandifes with them but what they know will, have prefent vent.
" Whereas yf they were delivered from this Servitude, the Maflers themfelves
" wold com, and bring with them their Families, and habituat themfelves in his
" Towns. I cohcluded, that this Privelege was demaunded with the more Con-
" fidence, becaufe fence his coming to theCrowne, it had bin granted to the
" Marchants of the United 'Provinces ■, whofe Deferts, yf the Deferts of our
" Nation did not equall, yt was for want of Power, not of Duty.

The King's Anfwere was to this effed:: " That by the Difpatch which he had
*' receaved from his AmbafTadors, he had receaved that Contentment which he
" ever proniifed to himfelf: For though at the firfi: fome Difficultie was tnade to
" yeald to thofe ArticleSj which by his Inflrud:ions , his Ambafladors did pro-
" pofe; yet confidering the Neceffity which they did import for the Conferva-
" tion of good Amitie, he was afTured the Queene wold not refufe to conde-
*' fcend unto them. He did defire no more^ then that his Subjed:s might trade
" peaceably and fecurely, without fear of thofe Dangers, wherewith they have
" bin heretofore infefted; which fliould no waies encourage them by coullerable
*' Pretextss, to favour the DefTeigns of the Spaniards-, whom no Man did more
" hate then he, and whofe Ruin he did for e fee. For the Moderation of Impo-
" fitions, he faid, that if the Complaints of oiir Marchants were jiift, th^ French
" had no lefs reaion to complaine; and therefore he thought it reafonnable,
" to the end that theSubje61:s might in their particular tafte of the Fruit of this
*' Amitie, that a Conference might be heldj both to mitigate the prefent Grei-
" vances, and to prefcribe a Reigleinent generallie to be received and obferved.
" Of the Uroici d'Aubeine he acknowledgeth the Commodity to be lliiall, for
" he bellowed it upon his Servants, and commonly upon the fyrft that did de-
•' maund it. He did not remember, that he had geven a generall Remiffion
*.' thereof to any Nation, but only to the Scotch, who did challenge it by Right
*' ofTrefcripion. But when I affured him that the Hollanders did enjoy the
" fame Priveledge, he laid, he wold advife of it, and not be found difficult to a
" Nation, whofe T)eferts he did hold in a gratefull Remembrance.

Thus far I proceeded in the Morning, when the Bifliop oiChallons did call the
King to the Ceremonies of wafliing the Feet of the poor Children. In the Af-
ternoon thQ Emperor's Ambaffador hzd Audience, and took his leave. " Who
" being dilmifled, the King called for me, and then I entred into Difcourfe of
" the Fleet which now her Majeftie doth fend to Sea; which I faid was the iirfl:
*• part, and was to be feconded by another not inferior to it. And that not-
" withftanding this prefent Expence, and thofe former both in Zr^/^«^ and at
*' Of end, wherby he might eafily imagine her Treafiire to be exhaufted even to
•' the bottom; yet flie wold not be wanting to joyn with him in any heroical
" Action, either for the Advancement of the publick Good, or to the Damage
' ' of the common Enemy. This wold be willied, that either Overtures might
" not be propofed, or if prop o fed, might be followed; for when they turne but
" to Tiifcoiirfe, they leave behind them an Impreffion either ofT^iftruJi or Ne-
" gle£f. I added, that he had underftood by his AmbaiTador, that her Majeftie
" was invited to a new Treaty with Spaine, which fhe thought good confident-
" to communicat to him; not meaning in a matter offo great Importance, to
" refolve without his Coun faille and Advife, much lejfe without his Trtvity
*' and Knowledge.

To

Book IV. Mr.WiN woodV Negotiation in France. 40 i

" To this he anfwcrccJ, ihac he was glad the Fleet was departed, for he hop-^;;. i($oz,
*' ed, it wold arrive to the Coaft of Spaijie, in time to meet with the Indian _^^v~^
" Fleet, wliich yet was not retorned, but dailie attended. His Defirc was to
" joyne his Rclolution with her Majefties. Yf (he will m?kc her Peace, he
" will likewiie Arcngthcn his Alliance with S^a'ine: Yf proceed to Warrc, h's
•' will accordingly conform his Affliircs. This-y he laid, is an Artifice o/'Spaine,
*' to difiifitte the State df their Jffairs thereby to difitnite their Forces and
" AjJ'e£iions\ and therefore Spaine did make "Peace "d; it h him, though upon
" uncqtialL termes, hoping before this tyme, to have Z»(3:^ <?/ England a better
'' Bargaine then yet -he hath found. He then fpake of the Forces oi Italic,
" which do begin to march die 15'^'' oi Aprils confiding of 6000 Italians and
" looo Sfaiiiards. Whereupon 1 moved him to hinder their Paflagc but .only
" for 10 or If Dayes; but he anfwered, there was np meanes. Laftly, I fol-
" licited, that fince her Majeftic had (laied fo long time for the foooo Crowns,
'■ that he wold give Order that the 1 00000 Crowns might be fcnt at the fame
•' time to T>iepe\ which wold lave both charge and labour. Which Somme,
" thoughe it were fmall, yet Ihe doth accept it with more Contentment; udt
" on afturance, that the next Year flie Ihould rcceave a much larger Rem-
" bourfement. He anivvered, that upon 'Te--Jifday he looked for Monfieur de
" Rhofiy, and then he wold reiblve with him of all thcfe Points, whereof I fliould
*' receave fromMonfieur ^£'^i//(?r(?)' aparticular Anfwere " ■ and fo hedifmifTed me.

Since, I have acquainted Monfieur de Villeroy with all that paffed in this
Audience. Who faid, " that before he had conferred with the Counfail, he
" wold retorne no Anfwere to their Ambaffador's Letters: And touching the
" Conference which your Honor harh had with Monfieur de Bean'mant, thd
'' King wold fpeedily refolve; whole Anfwere I fliould receave from him, the
" end of this Weeke". Hereupon I retorned to Tar is to fjjeake with Monfieur
'de Rhofny, before he fliould be gon to keepe his Eafter at bis Houfe in the
Countrey. " He utterly condemneth the couching the Articles in conjuuBtve
ci Vermes, which he wold have conceaved in Termes disJnnBive, viz. ^uodnec
" cafiant, nee fljiant, nee de via divert ant, nee Jpolient, &c. But being coPu^
" lative, their Ships are fubjed to be ftaied and vifited; which (he faith) the
'' King in Honor toay not endure"". But he remitted hie untell my retorne to
Fount aineb lean, both for that Point, and the Rembourfement of the Mony;
which he would be content might be by Exchange, yf the Charge were not too
great; which will not be leffe (if Exchange may be found,) then 1000 Crowns.
The King (yf he change not his purpofe) doth fet forward to Blois upon Mon-
day next, and hath advertized all the Ambaffadors to attend him thither. He
doth not intend to make there any long flay, but to retorne about the end of
Maye; and as the States ^d^iS. advance theire Affaires, fo he v^'ill make his Ap-
proaches to the Parts of Ticardie, as farr as Callais. And that the Archduke
ihall not take offence, the ^teen will accompany him in this Voiage. She is re-
puted to be with Child; and the Marquife doth marche with her, ^pajfibns
^quis.

Roderigo de Lafco pafTed by this Way upon iVednefday from Spaine; and
hath brought orders, for preient Paiement of 1500000 Crowns. Since, the
Prince of Orenge is come to this Towne from thence, and is gon this day to vi-,
fit the King. Here are Advertifements out of Italic, of a Deffeign that the Spa-,^
niards have upon the Ife of Wight, (which Monfieur de Villeroy hath confirm-^
ed to me,) and from Genoa it is written, that Frederico Spinola hath fome,
hope with his Galleys to pofTefs himfelf of fome Port in England. Baptifla
Taxis the Spanijh AmbafTador is recalled ; and the Ambaflador of Spaine in 0^-.
voy doth fucceed in his place.

" Sir Thomas Tarry fhall receave from me all thofe Offices which my duety x.Q(_ ..
lier Majeflie's Service, and my refped: to him do coramaund. I have follicite4
for his Pafieports which fliall prefently be difpatched ; and that for the Exempti-
on of the Impofts of Wine, Monfieur de Villeroy doth warrant fliall paffe here

5 K - without.

4^2 Mr.Wi^wooDS Negotiation inVrancQ. Book IV.

j/in. i6ox. without further Difpute. I have ufed the Boldnefs to recommend unto your Ho-
' nor a Florentine Gentleman named Tietro Gnkcardini, who is now on the Way
towards England, with Recommendations to her Majefty from the King. And
fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretar'y Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Tarts, i April, 1^02. O.S.

I Am intreated by the Secretary of the Grand Duke who refideth in this Courr^
to recommend to your Honor's Favour, an honorable Gentleman called Tie-
tro Guiccardini ; who after mvich time which he hath bellowed in Spain, (where
his Brother now doth remain Am-baflador for the Duke,) and fince in this Court,
being recalled to the Service of his Prince, before his Return, doth much defire
to have the Happinefs to preient his humble and devoted Service to her Majefty :
For which purpole it hath plealed this King by efpeciall Letters, to recommend
him to her gracious Protedion. Tho' in refped: of thofe long and mutuall Courr
tefies which do dayly pafs between the laid Secretary and me^ I could not refufe
him in {o reafonable a Demand, yet thofe noble Virtues of Learning, Wifdom,
and judicious Experience, wherewith this Gentleman by his Study and Travells
at home and abroad, hath furniihed his Mind, did mofi prevail with me. As
thefe will have much power to move your Honor (from the Refpe(5t you bear
to the Advancement of Virtue, in what Subjed: foever it fliall be found) to emr
brace him with Honor, Love, and kind Affection ; lb they muft reciprocally bind
him in Uprightnefs of his Judgement, to make a true Eftimate of thofe favours
tvhich you Inall be pleafed to impart unto him; and not only with thankfullnefs
to receive them, but to retain them engraved in a perpetuall Remembrance of
Gratitude and Devotion. I will not prefume further to enlarge my felf; the touch
of your Honor's Judgment will foon difcover of what Allay his Worth is. And
fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris, \o Aprill, 1602,. O.S.

According to that Appointment which in my lafl: I fignified unto your Honor*
I retorned to Fount ainebleau, to receive Anfwere of thofe Points, which
in my laft Audience I had negociated with the King. Where after Attendance of"
feven Dayes, and all convenient Sollicitation which might not feerae importunat,
I receaved this Anfwere from Monfieur de Villeroy; " That the King was now
" refolved that Monfieur de Beaumont fliould deliver the Anfwere, concerning
that Conference which your Honor had with him. I then asked, what Relb-
lution the King had taken for the AddrefTe of the 50000 Crowns. Of that, he
laid he had not yet fpoken with Monfieur deRhofjty. Whereupon I replyed, that
the firft and more important Matter was of that quality, that not to refolve-
thereof, was to refolve, and no Anfwer, was an Anfwer fujfictent. Bur for
the latter, it wold feeme flraunge (though in trueth for the Merit, the Somme
being fo fmall, it doth not deferve much Confideration,) that yt ftould not
be remembred, being recommended particularly by their Ambalfador ; and I
having informed him, that Monfieur de Rhofiy (to whom the King did ren-
voy me,} had retorned me to him; faying, that it was his Charge only to give

" Order

<t

f (

Book IV. Mr.WimxooDs Negotiation inVrsinc^] 403

" Order rhat the Money ihould be paied, when he had reccaved a Mandcment An.\(>ox,
" figncd from him, how and in what manner the Paiemcat: ihould be made. But
he cxculcd himleUe upon Monficiir de Rhofiiy^ and more could not lay, till he
ifliould Ipeake with him. The next Morning, which was JVedneJday Jafl, when
the Court removed, and the King and Qiicene departed from thence towards
Blo'ts^ I went to take my leave of him, and to pray to be exculcd from Atten-
dance for four or five Daycs, becaufe I was to rctorne to Taris, for fomc Ser-
vices for her Majefiie's AmbafH^dor. Then he faid, " that the Daie before yc
" was determined by the Couniail, that the foooo Crowns ihould be made over
" by Exchange^ yf there were means; yf not then yt iliould be Tent to TtiefCy
" and be delivered to thofe whom her Majcfly iliould authorize to receavc it.
There Defire is to make it over by Exchange^ that the Mony ihould not go
forth of the Land; but becaufe the Exchange is high, and not eafic to find a
Marchant that will charge his Freind with the Paiment of fo great a Somme, it
wold be moft convenient, that the Mony might be rcndred at Uiepe, in fuch time
as the Ship that iliall bring over Sit Thomas -Tarry (yfhe take that way) may
retorn, charged with that freight.

I have joyncd with our Marchants (at their Inftance,) in two Requefls pre-
fented to the Chambre Royal\ wherein are remonftrated the Violence which our
Marchants do fufTer, by that Licenie which the OiTicicrs of Rouen and Caen do
afliime, to impofe upon them new T)aces and ImJ^oJIs, contrary to the Treaties
between the two Crowns, and the good Plealure of the King. The Commif-
faires of the Chamber have taken Cognolfance of the Caufe, and have geven forth
Coramiflions for the Examination of the Truth thereof; but becauie by thofe Me-
moires which I received lately from your Honor, 1 perceave that there is a pour-
pofe that a Conference iliall be heldj for the Reigkment of thefe Abufes, (which
in thefe Parts are grown inlhpportable,) I will retayn the Commiffions in my
Hands, without proceeding fartherj till T ihall be adviied by your Honor.

I fynd Monfieur de Rhofny and Villeroy much altered from that Language
which they held with me in the beginning of Lent. Not that I take them alter-
ed in Judgment and Opinion, but that the Pradizes and Difcontents of the great- •
eft Peribnages in this Realme (which do threaten without ipeedy Prevention,
fome Alteratioli in the State at home,) will not give them leave to attend the
undertaking of any forreign Enterprize. Yt is here reported, that Bourg in
Brejfe, hath failled to be furprized, and doubted not, with the Confent and
"Privity of Mareichal Biron ; in whofe Name, Monfieur de la Fin (Brother to
Beaiivoir la Node, late Ambaflador in England) is laid to have treated with
Count Fuentes and the Duke of Savoy, whoie iecond Daughter the Duke doth
feeke in Marriage. The Pretence oi this League, (whereof iti fome of my for-
mer I have advertized) is founded upon thefe Poynts, viz. For the generall Re-
formation of the State, the Abolition of Imports, and theCorreition of theLife
of the King. * "De la Fin hath bin this Eajier at Font aineb lean, whether he
came upon the Faith of the King; but he hath his Name according to his Nature^,
for he is trop fin to difcover much. He advoweth his being with the Duke of
Savoy, whom he acknowledgeth for his beft Patron and Be;nefad:or ; and doth ju-
flifie his Carriage and Demeanour there, fith the King doth negled: his trueft Ser-
vants, in whole Service he and his Familie arc wholly ruinated. He doth not de-
ny that he hath not mediated the Marriage aforefaid ; which is fo farre approved
by Savoy, that yt refts only in the Marefihal to bring it to effed;. ihe King
Jiands in great Perplexity; not to take notice of this is to embolden all others^
and to expofe himfelfe to Scorne and Contempt. And to call any one in queftion^
were to caufe the Flame to breake forth, which he doth hope Silence will fup-
prejfe, and Sttffrance with time will extinguijh.

When the AmbafTador of IVirtemberg delivered me thefe Letters to her Ma-
jefty and your Honor which herewith I fend, he let fall, but in carelefs and

* Vide iWiewcJrej de Snlly, Tom. 3. dwp. 7. pag. 89, 90, cr. Edit, Amfterd.

404 Mr.WinwooD s Negotiation inlt^ncG. Book IV;

Jm. i6oz. cold fafliion, that his Mafter could not but marvail, that after fo many Years of
his Choice into the Order, the Garter was not fent unto him ; and that he often
had Wiflied he never had bin chofen ; then chofen, not to be invefted in the Or-
der. I anfwered, that yf he wold remember the Trebles of the laft Year with-
in the Land; then the Rebellion in Ireland^ fupported by forrain Power, his Ma-
iler might find many Reafons whereunto might juftly be attributed this Delayi
without Imputation of Negledt. And that her Majeftie having never forgotten
her Freinds, in any reall Office of Amitie ; doth hope flie may be exculed, yf
upon fb jufl: Reafons, ihe Ihall forbeare to fatisfye all Compliments of Ceremony
in their duefl Sealbn. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretar'y Ceeyli.

Right Honorable, 'Parti, xd^^ April 1602. O. S.

I Have often foUicited Cblvell to difcdver, yf during his Abode in Flaunders,
he knew any now in England which are Tenjlonaries to the Enemy, or any
other that holdeth Intelligence with him. Now this laft Weeke falling into the
Jame Difcourfe, he named unto me one William Sterrilk, who, as he faith, for
many Yeares hath had Correfpondence, firft with Thomas Fitzherbert, and fmce
with Owen, and Sherwood a Preift, and doth receave a Penfion by their meanes,
I heretofore have known one of that Namcj fome time o^ Magdalen Qolledge in
Oxford, and fince belonging to the Earle oiWorcejier; but whether he be the
fame Man I dare not affifm. Herewith I fend your Honor many of his Letters,
though figned with a contrary Name ; and the Ciffres and Addrefs of Sherwood, .
With an Acquittance of Money receaved; all which the Party above-named deli-
vered to me yeflerday in the Afternoone. I have thought ir convenient to ad-
vertize this apart from my ordinary Difparch. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor'' s, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mvi Winwood to Mr. Secretdr<y CecylL

Right Honorable, Taris, x^ Apr.\6oi.. O. S.

UPON Tuefday, being ready to depart out of this Towne towards Bloys,
I receaved Advertifement, that in the Night before the Confiable receaved
Letters from the King, wherein he wrote, that he is advertized from all Places,
that thefe Preparatifs for War, which are in hand both in Italy and Spaine, are
only deffeigned againft him ; and particularly, that the King of Spaine will af-
fayle the Frontiers ofTrovence, with 88 Galleys and xxooo Men; and that the
Duke of Savoye doth fend his three eldeft Sons into Spaine to remayne there as
Hoftages, for afTurance, that he fliall at no tyme make his Peace with France for
his own privat Advantage, to the Prejudice of the common League between them.
Hereupon the Confiable hath commaunded Monfieur de Guife in the King'sName,
to haften down with all fpeed to his Gouvernment of 'Provence, who this Day
doth take poft thither. Upon this Advertifement, I went prefently to * Antonio

* He had been many Years Secretary of State to Philip the Second, to which Place he was every way
^Vol. t./>.240,equall. The Sfanijh Hiftoriaas pn:etend many Reafons for his Difgrace ; but the true one was his too great
241. Amp. Familiarity with the PrincelTe of Eholi. Monfieur Amelot (i-n his f M-emohes Hiftoriques, u-c. very lately
1711.. publiflied) has colleded many curious Particulars relating to this great Man, to which I refer the Reader; •

..^V'lde Hift. and (ball only beg leave to add, that :f Mr. Cambden's Refledlion feems to be a little too fevere, fince 'tis -
Queen Elix.. evident fronr this and other Paffages, he was very much efleemed and frecjuentlycoafulted, both by Str
/■4^J. Henry Neville i)ii Mi. IVinwffod,

- ' ' Perez,

Book IV. Mr. Win vvoodV Ncgotiatmi hi France. 40 5

Terez, ijvith whom I ever have bin bold, in ajiy thing wherein her Majeflies j^^ i6ox
Service might have the Icaji Intcreji. I told him what I had Iicard, and pray-
ed him to let me know, whether I might advertize this for a Truth ; being a mat-
ter of that Importance, for the Service of both their Majejlies. He a/Tured mc
there is nothing more true, and confirmed ail the abovcnamed Particulars, with
thcfc Circumftances added. That the Advice doth come from the GrandlDuc^
and from ^orSxcxax Lcfdiguieres, who fent cxprefTly Monfieur St. Julian, a Maa
of Q_uality, to the King. And that there is appearance herein, he faid, that both
Taxis and Ayala are to go away. The King in his Letter to the Conftable, doth
difcover the greatVerflexitj wherein he is. JVhereat no Man doth marvayle,
confidcring the Jealoufies and 'Defiances ajnongft his Nobility, the Heavinejs
ofthofe Imp 0 fit ions wherewith the meaner Sui?je5l is oppreffcd, and the gene-
rail ill Treatment that the forreign Allies have receaved at bis Hands.

I have receaved from the lelf fame hand, that the Parties apprehended for the
PracStizc againfl: Boiirg in Breffe, being brought to this Towne, have confefTed,
that they were pradtized only by Monfieur de Biron, and for the Service of the
Duke of Savoy. Which yf yt be true, (for I would not prefumc to touch that
String with AntonioTerez,) it is to be feared, that he will declare himfelfe a
bartizan of S'^zxnc. I held yt necefTary to advertize your Honor hereof with
the greatefl diligence, before my going to Bloys^ where I pourpofe to arrive with
the King the end of this Week, who is yet at Orleans. The Marefchal de Retz
is declared Gouvernor of that Place, though Monfieur d' Entrapies doth chal-
lenge it by Capitulation, being an Article between the King and his "Daughter.
But the King doth make Difficulty, unlefs he will deliver up theTromife which
the King made in writing with his owne Hand , to marry his Daughter ;
which yet he hath refufed, as the only Warrant to juftifie his owne, and her
Honor. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor'' s, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll,

Right Honorable, Tar is i^""^ Apr ill i6oz. O. S,

IT may pleafe your Honor to remember, that feme Yeares fince, you was fol-
licited to affifi with InflruEiions the Dcfleign of Monfieur Tafquier, the
King's Advocat in the Chambre des Comptes; who then did undertake to write
agaynft the Jefuites, and to decyfre to the World their audacious Pradfizes a-
gaynft the Perfons and States of Princes, and the lewd Impoftors of that hypo-
critical Society. After many Difficulties, and Deffiances of the Counfaill, (tho'
he himfelf be Catholick,) it is printed, tho' not publiflied or authorized ; and for
that affectionate Devotion which he doth bare to her Majeftie's Service and Safe-
ty, (which in other of his Works he hath manifefled,) and becaufe the Practizes
of that Generation againft her State, is the mofl notable part of the Subjed: of his
Booke, he hath afi!umed this Liberty, upon the affiirance of her Majeftie's Grace
even to the meaneft of her devoted Servants, to prefent unto her one of the fyrfl:
Copies that are come to his hands, with a Letter from himfelfe ; and hath in-
treated me to recommend them unto your Honor, to whom he hath fent ano-
ther Copie, and this Letter, which herewith I fend. Your Honor may be plea-
fed to let him underftand by your Letters, with what gracious Acceptance her
Majeftie doth vouchfafe to receave the Affedion of his Service ; which will be as
Nediar and Ambrofia to the good old Man's Spirits, who wanteth not much of
80 Yeares ; and will confirm in theire Devotion many in this place, who have fe-
ledled (as the choiceft Subje(!t to recommend to all fucceeding Ages) her glorious
and happy Government.

5 L Concerning

Mr. W mwooDS Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Concerning the Subjed of my lad of the I4* of this Moneth, I have feene
freflie Letters from Monfieur de VUleroy from Bloisi which do confirme the
principal Particulars of thofe Advifes which I receaved from Antonio Terez, e-
fpecially the great Preparations both in Spaine and It die ^ by Sea and Land.
Wherein he writes, that he cannot yet give Judgment, how thofe Spmiijh Pre-
parations fliall be iraployed : For fome Advertiiements are , that they are only
for Defence; others, that the Spaniards will renew their Enterprize of /r^/^^z?^;
but the mofl afRired, which do come from the bed Places, are, that they are in-
tended agaynft France : Which, he faith, doth make the King fland upon his
Guard, and provyde for his Frontiers. The King is at Blois^ and now entring
into a Diet. No Man yet is departed from hence, only tht Tope's Nuncio is gon,
to complayne of the Taffage of the late Levies into Holland. * He is wholly
Spanifh, and (as Antonio Terez yefterday told me) doth hold, that this Peace
betwene France and Spaine cannot long ftand.

Now that I have procured my Lord Ambaflador*s Paflports, and provided his
Houfe, (which doth only attend his Prefence,) I do this Day fet forward to
Blois : From whence we underftand nor, whether the King will there make
Itay, or pafle further; yet the Grand Confeil is affigned for Tours. Combe lie
(who hath bin a bitfy Negociator with the Tluke of SavoyJ is this Weeke cafl: in-
to the Bajiile; and thofe Reports (efpecially oi Marefchal Biron for the Marri-
age) do dayly multiply, and are confirmed.

Yefterday there came to me an Englijhman called Moore., who doth acknow-
ledge that he hath bin many Years out of England., and fince, hath lived in Flan-
ders. He faith, he hath long bin an humble and penitent Supplicant to her Ma-
jefty, for her gracious Pardon and Favour to retorne into his Countrey ; which
untill he may be fo happy as to obtayne, his pourpofe is to lyve in a Reahne,
which doth hold Amity and Alliance with her Crowne.

This infamous Libell ( which doth favour as much of Folly as of Madnefs)
which herewith your Honor doth receave, was yefterday delivered unto me by
the Party to whom y t is addrefted. He doth hold himfelf bound in his Reputa-
tion, to make anfwere unto yt. But becaufe perhaps Silence wold be the beft
Anfwere, and that there are many things therein contained, which are not to be
managed by the Pen of every Man ; I have advifed him to have patience, till your
Honor fliall be pleafed to advife thereof And fo, &c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Bloys, iV^ April i6o^.O.^.

AT my Arrivall to this Towne, I found the Court in this State. The King
was entred into his Diet, having before bin purged and let blood for the
Gout, which is fallen into his right Foot. He now walketh abroad, yet the
Weaknes of his Foot doth make him ftili complaine. As he pafted down the Ri-
ver, he vifited la Marquife at Bugancye, who prefently after did follow him hi-
ther, and was lodged in the Chafleau : Which the Queen did take with fo much
Impatience, that during her aboad there, flie kept her felf retyred in her Cham-
ber, ey ther fpending the whole Day in her Bed, in Tears and Lamentations, or
yf flie did ryle, yet wold flie not be perfwaded to put on other Robes, then thole
of her Chamber. She reftifed to open the Doore to the King when he knocked,
who retorned with this Anfwere, that flie was imp edit a ; and being invited by the

His Name was Uaffeo Barberini, a Florentine. He was afterwards Nuneio in ordinary in Trance, and was
advanced to the Po»*)/f(iMn 1613.

King

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooDsA^'gotiatwHinVrante, 407

King to the Comedy^ whether he did conducft the Marquifi, file rcfufed to goeyf«. ii^oi.
her Iclff; and when the King did lend for her, fhc made this Aiil'wer, That it
was not decent that the Maids fliould go, whicher the Myftrils would not go
The Marcfuife is departed hence, and now Ihc tynds her f'clfc in Ibme better
moode.

This League (which in many of my former I have mentioned) is now fabu la
■vnlgi. The King as he pafTcd by Orleans, did acknowledge to Monficur de
Fouart, Qovcxnom oi Gergcans, a Towiie upon the River oiLoyre, that thefe
following were combyned againlt lum wkh the Duke of J'^'L'f?)', 'viz>. \:hcConJla'
ble, Monficur de MonpenJiui\ the Counr d'Juvergne., the Duke d^Efpernoui
Marelchal de E'tron, and the Dukes of Bouillon and Tremoutlle. De Bouillon
hath bin here, and fo cunningly carried the matter, that he hath not only freed
himlclf from all Imputations impofed upon him, but fo farre is reccaved into the
•King's good Graces, that he hath committed to his Charge (which he hath un-
dertaken) the reconciling all thofe of the Relligion, which may have pretext of
ill Satis fidions, namely la Tremouille and du TleJJh ; and for his paines, doth
receave 4000 Crownes in contant, and 3000 of annuall Pcnfion, couched upon
the State of Navarre. The 'Duke doth well know the King's Diffojitiojt, that
the beft means to preferve his Credit and EJiimation, is to keepe him in Feare
and Jealoufie. Nether doth the King ill underftand him, who doth hold him fajl
with this Hooke. lyEfpernon is here with his three Sons, and moft Men think
the tyme long till he be gon. Count d' Auvergne is at T^aris, and fo is the Con-
Jiable, who doth make Piocefs agaynft Combelle, who hath bin employed in all
thele Praitizes, and hath revealed the Secrets of thofe Anions ; whereat the
King is offended, yet hath not Courage to make knowen his T)iflike. The Ala-
re fcfjal'Qiron is the Mail who moji is feared; who hath moft meanes to do mod
harme for his particular Perfon, wherof his former Valeur doth retain his Repu-
tation; and for the Scituation of his Gouvernment of Borgogne, joyning unto
the Franche Comte, and fo near a Neighbour unto Savoy. The Enterprizc of
Bourg was not without his Privity ; and fince, there hath bin a Pradtile upon
Narbojie, though without Succefs. The King hath lent for him by three leve-
rall MefTengers, the Baron de LuZy the Vidame of Chartres, and by de Curez,
Marefchal of the Lodgings. Tfhe comes he deceaves the World; yfnot, yt be-
hooveth the King in dilligence to haften to him.

The Kyng came hether with purpofe to eftabliflie thcTancharte in thofe Parts,
where yet yt is not receaved. But here is come the Farmer of that Impofition of
Limoges, who doth complayne, that in that Towne he was allay led by the Com-
monalty with that Violence, (wherof he beares and Ihewes the Markes,) that y£
the Officers of the Towne had not interpofed themlelves^ he had not efcaped
with his Lyfe. Since, a Deputy is fent from that Towne; who doth declare,
that the Refolution of that Towne and Countrey is, never to accept that Servi-
tude. The Rochellers had Commaundment to (end their Deputies hether ; who
by the King's Advifement have bin perRvaded, at lead to make Semblance to
accept thtTancharte, therby to draw on other Towns who make difficulty to un-
dergo yt : But they wold not give ear, and foe are departed. So now yt is
thought, the Kyng doth purpoie to abolifli from all Places this Impofition of the
Tancharte: For theRefufal of one Province or Towne, is a Warrant fufficienc
for all others to follow that Example. Only there is wanting fome honeji Pre-
text, of this- fo gracious and extraordinary Gratification: For therefore to abo-
liilie yt becaufe y t will not be payd, may prove of ill Confequence for all other
Impofitions, and will draw into Contempt the Souveraign Authority; which
Executions of Juftice, and Fear of Punifliment only do lupport; efpecially with
a Nation, which by Nature and Art ^ hath ever bin murijhed in a lawlefs Li-
berty.

The Advertifements of the Spanijhe Preparations do ftill hold good ; and the
King, for all Events, hath fent to Monfieur de Vic his Ambaflador there, to give
Orders for the Levy of 4000 Suijfes^ and hath pourpofe to raife 4000 Foot and

1^00

4o8 JVfr. Win wood'j Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. I6o^. iS"©© Light Horfe, and will make Recruits of his Companies of Guards from
35" to loo.

" I have bin with Monfieur de Rhojny., to know whether this 5-0000 Crowns
" fliall be payd by Exchaunge or Specie : But he prelently made with me que-
" re lie d'Allemande^ for that I wrote unto your Honor, the Speeche he had
*' with me in the beginning of Lent: Which he did, only to take an occafion
*' agayne to re-enter into the fame Difcourfe. At length he did refolve to fend
" the Mony to Dlepe^ and did accordingly give order to the Treforier d'Ef-
" pargne. But when I Ibllicited him, that he wold give particular Charge, that
" the Payment might be made in quart d'Efcuz; he anfwered, that yf I could
" fynd no other Reafon but that, the Thyrds (according to the Ordonnance of
" France^ mud be payd in that Coin which here is called 'T>izims'\ And
when I reraonftrated to him the Unworthinefs of this Proceeding, both for the
Honor of the King and the Refped; to her Majefty, yet he was fo impradica-
ble, that he wold not permit the Treforier d'EJpargne to accommodat this Dif-
ference; who was willing, and did offer to give Satisfadion. So the matter doth
reft till the King Ihall commaund, whom I pourpofe prefently to move therein.

From hence the King doth goe on Satterday to Tours. Yt is uncertain whe-
ther he will pafs further, or how long he will flay there, yet he fayeth that he
will be at Taris by the end of May. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor' Sf Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Afr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tours, 7* May 1602,. O.S.

IN my laft I advertized your Honor of the Indifpofition of the King ; of the
Difcontents of the Queen, of the generall Acknowledgment of the Pradtizes
of fome of the cheife of the Nobility, of the ill Satisfadion of the meaner forte
of the People, and laflly, of the Opinion which here is conceaved of the Prepa-
rations of Spaine, and what Order is taken not altogether to be unprovided, upon
any Attempt that may be pretended. The King for his Health is now well, but
the Apprehenfion of thefe Pradizes within the Bowells of his Realme, joyned
with the Alienation of his Subjedts AffecStions, have flruck in his Mind a deep
ImprefTion of Melancholly and Difcontent. LaMarquife hath gaigned the up-
per hand, and doth carry away the Maflerie from the Queene, who vowed never
more to fee her; yet, flie being retorned ixom No fire dajne d' Ardeliers , whe-
ther from Blots fhe went in Devotion, here found the King, and now agayne
(which fince the beginning of Lent fhe hath not had) hath free AccefTe to the
Queene.

Monfieur de Curez is retorned from Marefchal Biron, and with him came a
Secretary of his, who is faid to be employed by him to the Count Fuentes. Yt
is not denied that he hath bin in Italie, but for his owne particular Affaires ; and
at Milan, to buy Stuffs of that place for his Mafler. The Marefckal in his
Letters to the King, doth intreat he may be excufed from coming untill the Af^
fembly of the States o'iBorgogite (which the 17111 of this Moneth by theire Ac-
count do meet) fliall be diftolved : From which, as he laithe, it is not convenient
for the Service of the King, that the Governour of the Province fhould be ab-
fent. Then he doth protell to render himfelfe, and to iullifie the Innocencie of
his Loyalty and Service ; and y fhe may find that Favour to meet his Accufers,
he will make them mentir et mourir, (for thofe are his Words,) before the
King's Face. The King doth not content himfelfe with this Anfwere, nether
hath reafon to think that he hath pourpofe to com; the rather, upon the Rela-
tion of de Qtrez, who is faid to report, that the Marefchal hath made great

amais

Book IV. AfrAViNwooD^ Negotiation in France. 4 0^

amafs of Vidluals, Miinirion, and Powder in his bcft Places, and efpcciaUy ^t ^^^ 1601.
'Dijon, whcr he now rcniaiucth. Hereupon the Prcfidcnt Jeawiin (Icarce twoe
Daycs fincc retorncd from the Archduke) is fent thither ; who being premier
Trefidcnt of that Parlamcnt, is thought to have iufficicnt Credit to contrcqtiar
the Power of the Marcfcbal, and to rcraine in Ducty the People of that Pro-
vince, yf any remnement ihall be attempted, lie Curez is hkewilc fent back,
to haften the Repair of the Marefchal. The more frivilous his Exculcs are the
more doubtful! is his good meaning, and the more lulpcdfull are all Delaycs. The
King's pourpofe is, jf he wiU pre fent himfelfe, '•^ith courteous Treatment and
kynd Entertainement to rcgayne him, and with the greateft Favours that he
can charge upon him, to aftire him to his Service; and fo farre will be from
giving him any publickTiifgrace, that he will not take more then a, confufed
Knowledge of the general Bruits, which cannot be dijfembled. The Pracitize
of his Marriage with the Daughter of Savoy is avowed: And now it is faid, that
from the bcgineing, the Marefchal did acquaint the King therewith. Either that
it is fo indeed, or that they Defire yt fo fliould be beleeved, thereby to ia^ e the
King's Honor ; who will have Patience to pafle over with Silence fo bold a Coin-
plot of a particular Subjed:.

The King from hence doth goe to ToiBiers, whether the Connfail is already
gon. In the way he will vifit his Aimt at Fronteveau (who is Abbefle of that
Place,) and the Duke of Monpenfier 2.1 Champ igni, whereMciriems de Bouillm
and Tremouille do meet him. Of this Voiage to ToiBiers., no apparent Rea-
Ibn is yealdcd, more then that it is hoped the Prelence of the King and Coun-
fail, will reftablifh the Devotion of that part, which this Year pail was doubtful!
and wavering : The rather, when he ihall depart without urging the Impofition.
of Sake ; which on this fide the Loyre he did pourpofe to charge generally upon
the Countrey, as beyond the Loyre long hath bin accouftomed. He doth not
pourpofe to flaie there above fix or eight Daies ; As he iliall underftand from the
Marefchal, fo will he refolve of his time, and way of Retorne. Within one
Moncth, he fayeth, he will be at Tarts: Whereof, the Retorne of the Marqiiife
to Vernueil^ is a great Prefumption.

The Marquis of Spinola doth march with his Troopes, which will not pafi^e,
or fcarfe arrive to 6000 : For before he fet forward his Souldiers did disband, and
400 did refufe to go, without Commaundment from the Seigniorie of Genoa,,
who did leave them to theire owne Difcretion; whereupon the greater Part is re-
torned back. Upon the Continuance of the Preparations of Spaine, the Levies
here do daylie advance. The King himfelfe doth acknowledge, that he is in
doubt, whether he Jhall attend the Ijfue of the 'Dejfeigns of Spaine, or begin
the JVarre with him. And in this Irrefolution he will ever remaine ; partlie
upon the Contrariety of the Humours of thofe of his Counfail who govern his
Affaires ; partelie upon the Weaknes of his own Judgement, which ne'Ver doth
refolve in cold Blood, but in Furie and upon Irhpetttofitie, as the ExtrerHites
of his Fortunes by force do carry him. He will fubmit himfelfe and the Honor
of his Crowne to many Indignities, before he will hearken to an open Warre ;
from which the Jealoufies within the State, do difwade him (as well as his par-
ticular Inclination,) to the Continuance of Peace ; wherein, his Wiilies are to end

his Daies.

The AmbaiTadors of Spaine and the Archduke went jointlie for Audience in
one Coach, the Daie the King departed from Blois: But they had theire Accejje
apart, though the Subjed of their Treaty with the King was the fame. For they
complained of the Succors which from hence are fent to the States; of Mony^
Men, Powder, and zoo Elmes, now licenfed to be tranfported, to mount their
Canon. Hereupon they demaunded leave of the King to depart, finqe they re-
mained unproiitabie for the Service of their Maftersi with whom the Premifes dd
argue, he hath no defire to continue good Amitie. This the King himfelfe doth
deliver, but his owne Anfwere he doth coneeale. Notwithftanding, Taxis is con-

j M tinu'd

41 o Mr.Wii^yfooDs Negotiation inVr^ncc, Book IV.

A^. i6oz. tinued in his Charge; and o£ Ajalas Departure, there is no proof bur his own
- - ^Word.

The Prefident Jeannin hath compofed the Difference between the Count Lm-
gls and the Prince d' Efpinoy; who ihall receave 5*0000 Franks of yearhe Reve-
nue, for the PofTeffions which are detained from him. The Archduke doth urge
that the King wold frejfe the States^ to retire their Shipps from before his Ports
of "Dunkerk and Neufort, wherby the Commerce of the French with his Sub-
jedrs, is impeached. The King for Formahty may Ipeake herein, but his Towne
of Callais, which hereby is inriched, by the Monopoly of all Trade into Flan-
dresy Hanaulti and Artois, will induce him to take for Paiement, any Anfwere
that they fliall give. And yf the States, to pleas the King, Ihall retire theire
Shipps, yet her Majefty hath too great Intereft, not to lufFer the Liberty of
abord in thofe Ports. And ^^o, ^c.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD,

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.
Utght Honorable, ToiSfiers, i^^May, i6oi. O.S.

^H E King with the Queene arrived to this Towne upon Sonday laft; where,
receaved by the Magijirates, the Seige Trejidiall, and the Body of the
'Vniverfitie, they both made their folemne Entry. Since, the Marefchal Biron
hath fent Letters to the King, wherin he doth intreat to be excufed until! the be-
ginning of the next Monetl), within which time he doth promife to render him-
ielfe in that Place wher the King lliall be. Withall, it is faid, that he hath fent
a Gentleman to V\£\ilAon£\t\xx le Tiauphin, and to recommend the Duety and
Service which he doth owe unto him, to the Care which he doth defire Madam
de Monglat his Governante, to have of his Safety and Education. Hereupon the
King, who before was pourpofed to go from hence to Bourg, and according as he
Ihould be advertized from the Prefident Jeannin, from thence either to retorne to-
wards Fount am ebleau, or to go forward to Moulins, doth now refblve upon
Monday or Tuefday next, the felfe fame Way he came, to retorn towards Taris.

The Duke de BonilLon, (who is reputed the fole and fundamental Caufe of all
thefe Mifcontentments, the which without more fpeedy Prevention and careful!
Provifion, will expofe this State unto the Violence of the fame Storms, with the
which fo latclie it hath f allied to luffer Wreck) knowing the King to be by Na-
ture fearfull, and one, that bear es more refpeB to his Enemy, then love to his
Freind, and therefore more willing to gaine the one, then retain the other ; be-
sides, fo much devoted to his Eaie and Repofe, that at what Price foever, he
will conlerve it, fince he was at fixfl to pay fo dear for it, doth much apprehend the
ReducStion of the Marefchal:, and doth doubt, that the Complices of that Intel-
ligence, will combine together to capitulate, that he fliould be defarpmted, and
removed from his Charge. The iiing to call them in, will refufe them nothing;
partlie to gaine them by his Favours and Curtefies, parthe to breake the Intelli-
gence complotted among them, by difmembring and difuniting their Affetftions
the one from th' other ; in which kind of Artifice he doth hold himfelfe to be
a Crafts-mailer.

To give flievv of fome Satisfaction to the People, here is an Arreft of the
Counfail, for the Surfeance of certain Impofitions. The Title is fomewhat fpe-
cious, but the SiibjeB in effed: ridiculous, the Exceptions being as amfle as the
Rule, The Tanchdrte doth yet (land where it hath bin receaved, but ther is a
pourpofe to take it away generallie out of all Bourgs and Villages, and likewife
out of all Towns, laving thole which by Priveledge are exempted from Paiement
of xhtTaillez, in which number are ^^m, Orleans, Rouen, Lions, and fome
©thers, •

The

Book IV. ^fr. Win WOOD V Megotiafiou m France. ^ 1 1

The chicfcfl: Caufc which moved the King to come into dicle Parts was there- An. i6o%:
by to give Contentment to the People; to whom, tlie Prcfencc of their Prince,
could not but be pleafmg and agreeable. But it is doubted, that at his Departure
from hence, he will leave the Couiitrey and People, much more difcontented,
then he found them at his comin-^ hcthcr. Ac Limoges upon the late Emotion,
wherin the Farmer of the Tancharte was chafed out of the Towne ; by Com-
maundment, the Confuls are changed, and the Captaincs removed from their
Piaces. In this Towne, for the laft Yeares Diibrdcr, when firfl: the Tancbarte
fliould have bin eftabliflicd, many of their Priveledgcs fliall be rctranchcd, their
Governors chaunged, and the Creation of the Maire either cleane taken awayj
or with Limitation left to the Eleilion of the Bourgeois.

In this Towne I vifited the Dnkc of Bouillon: Who faid unto me, " that
*;' notwithflanding he ever had profcfled himfelfe a devoted Servant to her Ma-
" jeftie, and endeavoured to make proof thereof in all occafions, yet his unhap-
" pinefs was fuch, not fb to be efteemed and reputed by her. I anfvvered, that
" no Man knew better then himfelfe, what place he ever hath held in her befl
" Graces ; and therefore, I prefumed, he wold not do that wrong to his Judge-
" ment, to prefer any light Information, before his owne knowledge. He
'.' knew, that there were many in this State, who did defire that the good Intel-
*'■ ligence between her Majeftie and the Relligion in this Realme, ihould be weak-
" ned, efpecially at this time, when both the one, and the other, have fo juft
" Caufe of Difcontent, for the fmall refped; theire Services do receave. He then
" faid, that fome four Moneths fince, he receaved a Letter out of England^
" wherein he was advertized, that her Majeftie ihould fay, that he was acquaiiit-
" ed with the late Earle's Vra^ iz.es andTiejfeigns. He made many and fo-
" lemn Proteftations to the contrary, protefting hkewife, that nothing could faJl
" out more grievous unto him, then that his Honor fliould be touched in the
' ' good Opinion of her, whole contrary conceit, for the Reverence of her Wif-
" dom joyned with the Favours he had receaved from her, could not but much
" blemillihis Reputation in the World. To this I anlvvcred, that I could not
" impeache the Credit of his Information, whofe Author I did not knowe ; yee
" prayed him to call to mind what had palTed, when the Matter was more frelb;
" and to remember, what Anfwere I delivered unto him by Commaundment
'• from her Majeftie, upon the felf fame point. Yf fuice her Majeftie had caufe
" otherwife to conceave of him, I alTured him, that he fliould have receaved
•' Notice thereof by Meflage from her felfe, and not by Information from any
" other.

" From this, he entred into Difcourle of the prefent Brouilleries and JealouE-
" fies of this State. Wherein he acknowledged, that the King by his Reports,
" was willing the World fliould beleeve, that he and Monfieur la Tremouille^
" fliould be imbarqued. For which Dilgrace, he particularly alone had conteft-
" ed with the King at Blois, and both together in this Towme, juftifying the
" Loyaltie of their Service; that though they had many Reafons of Dilcontentj
' ' and fo profelTed themfelves to have, yet thofe Difcon':cnrs fliould never have
" force to tranfport their Duties, from theire due Allegiance to their Countrey,
" Prince, and Relligion. The King (as he faith) denied that ever he had re-
" ported that they were engaged in this Comflot, or that ever he conceaved {^6
*' wrongfully of them. But he particularlie charged the Duke of ^si?////^;/, thai:
" there Was an Intention to make a Match betwene his Daughter, and the Count
" d' jiUvergne'sSon. To which he aniwered, that he had acquainted him both
" with the Motion, and the Refufal, whofe Refolution was to marry his Daugh-
" ter to one oi the Relligion. He concluded with me, that all things here are
" in a Confufion, the Difcontents general!, and not dilTenibled, but profefled
" arid avowed. No prefent hope of better Contentment, for the Meanes are not
" great, mofl Men complaining that their Services are not remembred, much
" lefTe refpeded, or rewarded. Yet thofe Means which may be found, are not
" taken, the Greivanees of the People daily ixicreafmg together with their Mife-

'-' rys

412 MnWiuviooDS Negotiation inVt^ncQ. Book IV.

j^ff. i6o%. " ty, as much by the Infolencie of the Fermiers, as by the Burden of their Ex-
~ ' " actions. The King himfelfe doth grow daily more and more lufpicious and
" miftruflfull, jealous of his Perfon, jealous of his State, upon the Apprehenfion
*' of thefe forreign Preparations, founded upon an aflured Correlpondencie
«' within his Realme. Yet fo far he is from any Refolution to prevent thefe
•' Mifcheifs, that he doth thinck to take notice of them, is to accellerate the
" Daunger which he feareth. For his own particular, he doth pourpofe whol-
*• ly to retire himfelfe, unlefs the Service of his Countrey fliall recall him from
" his Repofe": And from hence, with his Lady, who with her Sifter la Tre-
mouille is com to fee the Queene, doth diredilie go downe into Turene. This
Speech in effed he had with me, which he wiflied me to write unto your Ho-
nor.

Frederico Spinola's Gallies do pafle. The Nomber is advertized here only of
eight, yet fbme name fourteen ; the Error may be, becaufe thofe at Since, with
thefe on the way, do make that nomber. Yt is expeded that her Majeftie's
Shipps will give a good account of them, before they arrive at the Port they
defire; thereby to redeem their Difgrace, by the Elcape] of thole which are now
there. By Letters from Lions the 19* of this Moneth this Stile, the Army of
Italic was then in the Valley oiAouft in 'Piedmont \ the Nomber was no greater^
then in my laft I advertized. When I demaunded Audience about the Payment
of the 50000 Crowns, Monfieur de Villeroy did undertake, without troubling the
King, to reduce Monfieur de Rhojny to more Reafbn ; but he hath refufed him.
Now the next time they both fliall meet before the King, Monfieur de Villeroy
will move the matter, that without more delay the Paiement may be made at
T)eipe in quart dEfcus. And io, &c.

Tour Honor" s, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Orleans^ i^* May \6ox. Q. S.

MY laft Letters were dated fromToiSliers of the i^^ of this Month, which
I lent to your Honor by one John //<«// a Marchant o£ Bordeaux, whom
there I met in his retorne towards England. In the Poftlcript of that Letter, I
added, that the King in his way to ToiSfiers having balked Champgni, (whe-
ther he promifed to come, and wher Provifion was made to entertaine him) In
his retorne towards Tours., being again invited by Monfieur Monpenjier, who
cam himfelfe though weak and fickly for that pourpofe, did determine to {q-
journe there a Day or two. The Sonday after, which was hert Whitjbnday, he
towched the Jick, and thereupon faining that he had overwearied himfelfe, (for
the nomber of them was great,) in the Afternoone being retired, he gave forth
that he found himfelfe in ill Difpofition, and wold the next Day take Phyfick, of
pourpofe (as now it appeareth) to have fbme coulorable Pretence to break off
the Journey to Chamfigni. That Night, between nine and ten of the Clock, he
receaved two Packets, the one from the Marefchal Biron, the other from Mon-
fieur Lefdiguieres, concurring both to one end ; advertizing, that befides the
6000 Men under the Condud: of the Marquis of Spinola, (which have Com-
maundment to make ftay in the Franche Compt^ for fifteen Daies,) there are pre-
fently to follow two other Armies, the other of 1 5-000, the other of izoooMen.
Hereupon the King did prefentlie fend for the Duke de Bouillon, to whom he did
communicate thefe two Letters; and withall, refolved the next Day to depart,
and to retorne the fame way he came, without YiCmngMonfiem Monj>en/ier :
Adding, that he had receaved from his Countrey of Bearne an Advertizement,
to have care of his Perfon, for that there was a dejfeign to poyfon him. Yf
Monfieur il/i?;^/'^///?<?r had caufe of Difcontent, as feeing himfelf not only not re-

fpe6ted.

Book IV. JWr. WinwoodV Negotiation in France. 4. 1 3

fpcdtcd, but by unkynd Speeches difgraccd by the King, (as not fearing the Soft- Ati. i6oi.
nes of his Nature, which he holdcth not capable of any high Dcffcign) this com-
ing to his Knowledge, (which cannot be concealed) that he Jhould be repited a
ft SuhjeSi of jo wi-jijorthy a Thought^ mufl: needs aggravate his Difcontents, and
caufc him to joync more ftraiehtly with them, who fupportcd by the Reputa-
tion of his Qiialitic, will abundanthc fiipplie what may be required, either in the
Malice, or Boldncs of his Spirit. To the former of thcle Advertizements, the
hkc were fcni thcWcekc before from the Grande Bonfi/^ue of Genoa, which
is a Society oi' Italian Marchants, retired from all parts of that Countrey to that
Townc. But the Improbabilitic of many Particularities fpecificd in the Relation
of their Advertilcments, fviz. That the Tope was joyncd in League agaynfl:
this King, \v'\x.\\Spame and Savoye. That he wold excommunicat him for an Hy-
pocrite. That he wold recall the T>iJj>enfation for his Marriage, which was ob-
tained by falfe Suggeftions, and Milunderftanding, and fo declare the Marriage
unlawfull, and his Children illegitimate,) did much weaken the Credit of the
more iubftantial Points.

Notwithftanding all thefe Advertifements, the King doth purpofe to attend the
Extremity ; andyfby Tatiettce his Teace may be preferved, 7iot to enter into
JVarr. Not that he thincketh not thefe Preparations in Italie to be projeiled
againfl his State; but he hopeth, (meafuring the Affedions olSpaine by his own
Humours,) that now thefe Traciizes within the Realme are difcovered, and as
he preliimeth defeated, (for de Curez is retorned with adurance that the Maref
chal will come and render himfelf,) He will alter his Defleign, and not begin
the Warre on even hand.

No Man here doubteth that the Gallies of Spinola do pafTe, ahd it hath bin re-
ported, that they have bin feen upon the Coaft oi Brctaigne. I have moved
Monfieur de Villeroy, that the King wold be pleafed to give Commaiindment to
the Gouvernors of the Ports, to advertize into England from time to time, in
mealure as they fhall pafle ; which he doth aflure me is exprefHy commaunded,
and accordingly fliall be performed.

The King hath Ipoken twice to Monfieur de Rhofny, to give order, that the
50000 Crowns might be paied in quart d'Efcus. But he hath alleaged fo many
InconVenients, yfin all Paiements, the Ordonnance oi France to pay the Thirds
iri Douzaines, be not obferved, that the King is content to yeald to him. The
Truth is, (and fo Monfieur de Villeroy told me) Monfieur de Rhofny hath flood
fo violentlie in this Point, that he doth hold it a Dilhonour now to relent. But
howfoever her Majeftie ihall be pleafed to interpret this Treatment, yet in the
Termes the Affaires do fland here, the leafl: Evill will be to accept of this Paie-
ment; for upon the leaft Alteration that fhall be mifdoubted, either within or
without the Realme, occafion will be taken to make Stay of the Money, for the
ufe of their own Service; which already is pradtiled againfl the poor Towne of
Geneva for xoooo Crowns, which fliould have bin paid fix Moneths fince, and
now is fufpended for two Moneths longer. Your Honor may be pleafed to let
me know, whether this Paiement fliall be accepted, and withal I to commaund
me, how farre I fhall proceed for the Exchange of the "Douzaines ; wherein, by
the Favour of the Treforier d EJpargne^ (wno doth bluili at this Proceedirig of
Monfieur de Rhofky,) fo much may be procured, that no great Lofs fhall be fu-
llained. The Mony fhall be at 'Diepe, at what time your Honor fliall advertize
that the Ship fhall be ready to imbarque it. The Treforier d'Efpargne doth
look, for his Difcharge, that he that fhould come to receave it, fhould have a
fpeciall ^Procuration, which attefled under my Lord Treforier s Hand and Seal
Ihall be fufficient ; though at the firft it was demaunded, that it fliould be figned
diredly from herMajeftie. He hath likewife moved me, to follicit for an Ac-
quittance for the Receipt of the faid Somme; which he doth defire may be, by
rendring up fome one of the King's Obligations, yf any there be of that Somme;
or yf the Somme fhall be greater, yet upon rendring up of the Obligation, it fliall
be acknowledged before two Notaries^ that fo much of that Bond remsineth to

f N be

414 MrMi^y^ooDs Negotiation inVrancQ. Book IV.

'^n.l6o^.h^ paied, which will be as authentick as the Originall ic felf. By the Experience
^-^'^'V^-^ of the Paiemenc of the zoooo Crowns now three Years fince, I am aflured the
Treforier d'Efpargne will Hand precifely upon the Form of his Acquittance,
which muft be preiented to the Cbambre des Cornptes, and allowed there.

The Kin-^ doth arrive here to morrow, where he will keepe in Solemnity la
Fefte dieu. Here he will attend the Marefchal Birofh who doth promile to com
upon Sonday next.

I had not thought I lliould have bin troublefom to your Honor, for the al-
lowance of any farther Provifion ; but fith I heare nothing of Sir TbomasTarrfs
coming, and that the jfirft Moneth is now expired, the extraordinary Charge of
this Voiage oiToi^iiers-, doth enforce me to befeech your Honor, that my Pro-.
vifion may be allowed; which yf you fliall be pleafed to affign, upon the Mony
which here is to be paied, I will reccave it in that Coine which is currant in this
Countrev. And fo, humbly recommending this Favour to your Honor's Remem-
brance, I take my leave, ^c.

Tour Honor Sy &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honor able ■> Fotmtainbleau, ^^ J line i6ox. O. ^.

IReceaved your Honor's Letters of the 10^^ the 16* of the fame at Orkansi
which then was the Rendezvous given at the King's Departure from Tours ;
yet he flayed 2iX.Bloys till the Satterday after. At his Arrivall at Orleans, he
receaved Letters, that the Marefchal B'lron was on the way to find him, and on
Sonday would lye 2it Mont argis; whether the King did prefently fend unto him,
to meet him dtiFountambleaUt whether he arrived on Twetifday Night. * Upon
WednefdayM.ormi-igthQ Marefchal zxnvcAJlenderly accomj>aiiied, not with his
ordinary Traine. The King receaved him with great appearance of Love and
Kindnefs, and entertayned him with Tfifcourfe the greatef part of that T)ay.
Upon Thurfday Morning arrived here tlie Count ol Auvergne fiOmTaris ; who
purpofmg to meet the King in his retorne at Tours, receaved Commaundment to
flay atOrleans,\\\hexQ he attended ten Dayes, (as I prefume,fent for by the King,
for he departed from Orleans with Difcontent,) where he was in a manner con-
fyned for ten Days, for the King would not fuffer him to come nearer to him,
but there commanded him to attend his coming; and when he was there, would
not endure his Prefence, but as often as he approached towards him, fent him
away in fuch fort, as the Standers by might eafily perceave what Jealoufies he
did conceave of him. The fame Day the King gave order to la Curee, Colonel
of the Chevaux Legers, to draw his Companies to this Towne, and keep them
all Night ready fadled, and his Companies in Armes. In the Evening, the Guards
had warning watchfully to attend, which that Night were redoubled, and fo fmce
maintained. The Gentlemen of the Chambre were commanded not to ftray a-
broad ; to whom the King himfelf, in the returne from his Voiage, did recom-
mend the Care of his Perfon.

f About eleven of the Clock in the Night, the King did fend for the Maref-
chal, who came and. found him fate upon h\i felJe perce'e. After fome Speeche
held with him, being dilmifTed, as foon as he was out of the King's Chamber,
Monfieur deVitry, one of the Captaines of the Guards, with this Speeche, that
he was firry, yet bound to execute the Kings Commandment, feized him Pri-
foner in the King's Name, and fo willed him to render his Weapon. He made
fome fmal Refiftance, asking if he Jhoitld render his IVeapon, who had Jive and

* V'tde Mathteu Cronologie Septenaire, p.z88, z^c. De Serres, p. 983, Vf.
t Mathka Cronolog. Sej)tenaire, p.zpi,

thirty
I

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooDs Negotiation inlrance. 435

e/jirty /Founds in his Body, all receaved fir the Service of the King; clicn ^^ I<Jr,^.
asked, if there '[z;as never a one f'rcfent ^ that 'would bioisj -[Particularly the
King's 'Pleafure. The Duke de Montbufon went into the King, and cam fordi,
with Commandment to the Captainc, to execute his Charge ; io he prclcntly car-
ried him to a Chamber in the Palace, where yet he lodgeth. The Count of >f«-
-vergne was then witliin with the King, where lie likewifc was Ici/.ed on, and
carried into another Corps of the Houfc. The Lieutenant of the Marelchal's
Company, and his Secretary named Uibbert, (whom I have advertized in my
former to have been imployed by him to Milan,) were apprehended at the lame
time. Thetc arc all the Particularities which with afTurance I can advertize your
Honor of, and what I have thought convenient: to fend; and may Icrve in part,
for anfwcrc to the beginning of the laft Letter, which I receaved from your Ho-'
nor.

This Proceeding is termed un coup d'EJfat^ and as it is prefumed, will ilronc^-
ly eftablifiie the Soveraign Authority, which did begin to branler and totter
up and down, udud ho'wfoever it may incevfe the Rancor of the Fa5iion^ yet
hereby the Majefiie of the King jhall be freed from a generall Contempt., into
the "which it "was likely headlong to fall, "without hope of Refource.

Monfieur de Efpernon, (who with his Sons attended the King. to TdiBiers^
where they returned to Loches, a place in his Gouvernment, but he brought the
King back to this place,) the Day the Comxi Anvergne came, went in poll to
'Paris.

I here attended to have Accefs, to foUicite the Payment of the foooo Crowns,
in the forme your Honor doth prefcribe. The AmbafTador of the Duke oilVir-
tembergh hath often been with mc for anfwereof the Letters which he fent to
your Honor, which I have hitherto excufed, upon this farre Voiage of the King.
I befeech your Honor to excufe me, though I prefume to follicite your Anfwere
to Monfieur 'Pafquiers Letter. Your Honor fliall thereby mainraine in Devotion
the Affections of the good old Man, whofe honed Intentions have never bin
wanting to her Majeftie's Service. And fb, ^c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr, Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

Ml- JFin"wood, c)^^ June i6oi.

O U iliall underdand, that two Merchants of Genoa, the one named Fran-
_ cifco Soprany, and the other Thillip Bernardi, having conjoyned with o-
ther Merchants of London hir Majeftie's Subjeds, did fet forth to Sea by way of
Trade to the Indies, a Ship of this Town called ths Suzan 'Parnel, under the
Charge and Condud: of one Ro"wland Citmorc, a Marryner likcwife belonging to
this place ; with purpofe, that the fayde Ship having performed her Voiage ac-
cording as was agreed on between thcFraytors, fliold have returned homewards
unto the Straytes, and there have vented their Commodities. But fo it fell out,
the faid Ship in his returne encountred with much foul Weather, and with other
ill Accidents incident unto the Sea ; inforauch as flie Ipent her Maft and fome o-
ther of her Tacklinge, and was thereby forced to come for England; from
whence , the faid Merchants mutually confented to fend hir and hir Load-
inge (being for the moll part Hydes) to Ne"whaven, with purpofe to have trans-
ported the fayde Merchandize from thence to Roane. Now Sir the Ship coming
into Newhaven, was prefently feazed on, the Goods fequeftred, and the Com-
pany moll of them committed to Priibn, under pretext that thefe Goods had
been robbed by them at Sea, whereof there can be no Proof made, ney ther is it
other, then their Suppofition : For the layde Merchaunts have protelled, that

thole

4 1 5 iWr.WiN woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

An. i6ox. thofe Goods came to them fimply by waye of Trade, without giving Offence to
' any Nation in the World, no not lb much as to xhf Spaniards themfelves. I
pray Sir therefore, procure as much as in you lyeth, that Reftitution may be
made; for the Merchaunts, fuch as zxt EngUJhe I naean, and have the greateft
Intereft therein, (though the Italians be named) are fuch as I am wilhng to plea-
fiire, being of very honeft Condition, and luch as I do often make ufe of, for bet-
ter Correlpondency with fuch, as I doe imploy abroad for her Majeftie's Service.
They will appoint fome difcreet Perfon to follow you, and to informe you of all
other Particulars fitt for your Knowledge, to whom I doubt not but you will
yeeld all the Furtherance you may. And lo I committ you to God.

From the Court at Tour loving Friend^

Greenwich. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

il/r. Winwood, i^^ June 170%.

" Aving now receaved your Letter by Mu£y of the 4* of this Month, by

which you advertife the manner of the Duke of Biron's Apprehenfion,

\vhich is an effed: of the former Bruites, I have thought good to returne you no-
tice of your owne Diligence , becaufe her Majeftie alfo hath made a very good
Judgment of the fame. Wherein I think it fitt to note thus much unto you, (be-
caule I know not how the Pofts report unto you of their Allowance,) that there
fs no Man bringeth a Pacquet from you, but he hath, as long as the Court hath
been in thefe removed Quarters, 15-/. and fometimes more ; and fo had John Mnf-
Jy, who if he had made hafte according to the Date of your Letter, he had been
here two or three Dayes before the Ambaflador's Pacquet. Becaufe I have alio
been advertifed, that Biron and Ativergne were fent to the BafiilCi whereby it
is like your next Letters will advertife matter of further Progrefs, her Majeftie
hath llaied Sir Thomas Tarry for fower or fyve Daies, that llie may write the
more particularly to the King upon this Subjed:, according as flie lliall hear the
Circumftances of his Treafons, and how far the King of Spaine is touched, or
how far the King either will or mufi take notice of the fame %, becaufe her Ma-
jeftie may fpeake in fuch a Style, as the Knowledge of that Subjed Ihall minifter
Matter. You Ihall alio underftand, that Sir Thomas Tarry taketh his leave on
Thurfday, and that her Majeftie refolveth that you Ihall tarry there fome two
or three Months, untill he be better acquainted ; for which you Ihall have an
Allowance made over unto you, as foon as I can fpeak with T acker about the
Reckoning.

Concerning the Duke of JVirtembergh, when the AmbalTador comes, there
fliall be an Anfwer made, fuch as I can procure; and ior Tafquier, I will write
Unto him my felf, according to her Majeftie's Dire6tions. In the mean tyme I
pray you let me hear from you as often as you may, how all things pafs lince
this Remeuement^ and araongft other things how Madam la Marquife ftands in
this tyme. And thus I commit you to God.

From the Court Tour very loving Friend,

^tGreenwich, RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Win-

Book IV. Mr.WiNwooDj Nc^otiatio?! in France.

A/r. WinwoocI lo Mr. Secretary CczyW.

Ri(^/jt Honorable, Taris 17'^ June x6o%. O. S.

TH E Day after the Impiifonment of Marefchal Byron and Count d'Auvergne,
the Kyngc called for rac, to whom when I came he ufed this Speeche.
" I have faydc he, dilcovcred a dangerous Pradtize, which by the Space of three
" Years and more, the Marelchal Byron hach complottcd with the Kinge of
" Spa'ine and Duke of Savoy , againfl; my Perfbn and my State. Yt is foure
" Moneths, fence I have had perfcdt Knowledge of this Confederacy, * andcould
" have been content to have concealed it^ and ivould 7iow have pardoned and re-
" mittcd, if by curtejie and fayre means he would have been induced to confefs
" and acknovu ledge his Errortr^ but now God have Mercy on his Soul. I can-
" not fay, as the laji Kynge fayde at the Death of the Duke of Gttife, no-we 1
' ' am King, but I fay I am firry, and that with my Heart, for this Man's fall.
" Some fay I am a Hunter, others that I make love, but I wake when they
" feepe. From hence I will go to Taris, where I will not flay above four
" Dayes, but will haften into Borgogne, to afTure that Province. In the mean
" tyme I will make a Difpatch to my Ambaflador, wherein he fhall have Order,
" to acquaint my Sifter of England with the Particularities of this Accident.
To this his Speeche I anfvvered, " that as her Majeftie could not but condole
"• with him, for the late feeling which Jhe hath had of the like Misfortune,
" that his owne Creature, whom he had charged with To many Honors, fliould
" pradrize againft the Repofc of his Realme, {o could ilie not but rejoyce and
" congratulate with him, that by his Providence andWifdorae, fo dangerous a
" Complott hath been difcovered and prevented, by his Care and fpeedy Refo-
" lution. I fayde moreover, by long Experience llie did well underftand the
" Practices of Spayne, which though they did not attaine to their End to which
" they cheifly did ayme, yet were they not fruftrate of all purpofe, when Per-
" fonages of great worth were thereby difmembred from the Service of their
" Prince and Country. This is all that then palTed.

Now to relate unto your Honor what is delivered of this matter, I fliall enter
into a confufed Labyrinthe, fb infinite are the Circumftances of this Praitife, and
fo variably related. And to begin ab ovo: It is faid, that the Difcontent of this
Marefchal did firft arife at the Siege of Amiens, when he did perceave, that the
King underhand, by the Generall of the Cordeliers, did coverly treate for
Peace with Spaine\ apprehending, that the Bruit of his Name would be filent ;
the irregular Ambition whereof, hath thus precipitated him into this fliamefull,
yet willfuU Ruine. The Teace enfuing, his Difcontents did increafe, which
then were profefTedly founded upon the King's Parfimonie, which he termed Mil-
lery, his Wants not being able to fatisfie the others laviili and profilfe Expence.
Then, \when the King had purpofe to marrie the late 'Dtitches, yt is receaved,
that there was a Confederacie united between thele two Prifoners, the Conjiabki,
the Dukes Monpenfier and Efpernon, to advance the Pretenfions of the young
Prince of Conde, againft the Children , which the Law by after Marriage, doth
prefume to be legitimate : The 'Dticheffe dying feafonably for the Kyng, and for-
tunately for his Realme, the Partie did ftill remayne good for the Prince, againfl
Count Soijfons, who reputing him as illegitimate, did proreft againfi the Title du
premier Trince du Sang, which by the Arrefl of the Court of Parlemenr, was

* Vide Mathieu Cronologh S'eptenaire, pag. iSp, igo, ere.

t The Duke de Sully in exprefs terms tells us, <S}ue le Sieur de Siltery Brujlart fut eniioye (a 'Rims) h
I'tnjlante folkitation de Madame la. Ducheffe de Beaufort^ a laquelle il i'eftoit engage de Parole de faciliter eri
href la dijfolution da Marriage du Roy, fin Marriage avec elle, C la legitimation des Enjans qui iuy efioient
defia nez. four eftre eftimez, Enfans de France, Vide bis Memoires Chaf. 8i, Jem. i, fag. i4J. Edit.
Amft. ix".

5 O judged

4 1 8 ikfrWiN woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Jtt. 1 6ol. judged to be his due. * The Duke of Savqye came IhortUe after into France,
and in this Court pradized many, even unto mean Captaines, and the bafeft
Souldiers, but abfolutely gatgned hm^ this mihappic Conte, and (it is feared)
the old Conftable, who is extracted out of the Houle of Savoy e, (for his Mother
was thereof a Naturall 1)aughterJ and is here efteemed Partaker of all thefe
Confpiracies. The which, though the Kyng is content for the prefent to difTem-
ble, yet either he wanteth Power, or hath not will to conceal.

The Sotnmer after followed the Warfe in Savqye, wherein though the Maref-
chal did gteat Service, and furprized the ToWne of Bourg, yet, as now it ap-
peareth, both by Convidlion from his owne Letters, and his late ConfefTion,
t he held Intelligence with the Duke, to whom he did difcover the King's Pur-
pofes and DefTeignes, afad at that tyme, with him, did complm to take away the
Kings Life. Particularly it is proved by a Letter written with his own hand,
that when the Fort of St. Catharine was befieged, he did contrad: with the Ene-
mie, to bring the King within T>anger of Shott, and to give the Signall, that
they iliould not flioot in vaine. Whiles the Peace was in treating at Lyons, the
King had Ibme Intimation of too flraite Intelligence between Auvergne and the
Duke of Savoy, whereupon one Comblat a Follower of his, that had been im-
ployed in fome Meffages, was there imprifoned. The Peace concluded, the
Marefchal did openly frofefs his T>ifcontents, upon Pretext, that the King did
give the Goverment of the Cittadell oi Bourgto oneMonfiem de ■\. Boije of the
Religion; at which time, the King did fuffer himfelf unworthily to be braved
by him, with infolent and outragiotts Speeches. Sence which time he hath not
ceafed to pourfue his Practices with the Duke of Savoie and Count Fuentes,
(who perhaps for that pourpofe was fent to the Goverment of Milan,) by the
Mediation oi delaFin; who did ferve himfelf with his generall Letters of Cre-
dence, and did relerve the Particularities unto himfelf, which now he hath deli-
vered into the King's hands. The Contract between them and the Marefchal
doth import, that he fliould marry the eldefl: Daughter oi Savoie, with whom he
fhould have the 'Dutchie of Bitrgogne which fhall be eredted into a Kingdom, to
the which fliould be annexed the Franche Comte, laBreJfe and Champaigne, and
what elfe he fliould gaine by the Sword in France, with 400C0 Crowns in ready
Money.

Thefirfl: Difcovery of thefe Practices Was in February lafl-; but he who did
^\{zo\tt le pot auxRofes, isCombelle; who in his Returne from Milan, (where
in an AfTembly held about thefe Affaites, la Fin there treating for the Marefchal
he for the Count de Auvergne, at which time he undertooke to ajfajfinate the
King as he pafled through Lyons) was arrefted Prilbnnier, for having lately be-
fore murdered his Unckle, to enjoy with more libertie his Wife, of whom he
was become Amoureux. He to avoyde the Punifliment of this Fadl, made this
Motion, that he might be brought to the King, to whome he could reveal many
Secrets concerning his State, and the Safety of his Perfon. Hereupon la Fin
came to be knowen, who upon afllirancc of his Pardon and hopes of Reward,
did render himfelf about Eajier laft ; and fhortlie after, did deliver tip unto the
King, all the Memoires and Letters which he had referved, written all with
the Marefchal s own hand. This is the brief Narration of this Facft, and the
Somme of the moft important Circumflances. Yt is much to be marvailed, (but
that God had blinded his Underftanding by the Prefumption of his owne Worth
and Vallour, and by the bafe Conceit he had of the Kijtg's JVeaknefs and time-
rous Nature,) that being in place of Suretie, within his own Gouverment, where
he was pofTefTed of many ftrong Places, and fliould have been affifted with For-
reigne Power, that he would come to render himfelf to the IDifcretion of the

* See Sir Henry Novill's Letter to the Secretary, page 126, and the Note fubjoyned.

t The Duke de Sully has given us feverall of his Letters wrote at that time. See his M, moires, Vol. z,
ch.96. pag.319, crc. Edit. Amfterdam ij".

i His true Name was Bo'iiejfe Paniillan. Vide Confeffion CathoUque de Sancy, p. 466. Edit. Cologne 1720.
and (by the way) I mult beg the Reader to redify a Miftake page 304, where he is called Po'iffu

King's

Book IV. Afr.WiNwooDV Negotiation />/ France. 4 1 9

Kings Mercie. Yox bcfidcs the Acculaiion of his own Confcicncp, he could not yJn. x6o^,
but know, that the King had many PrelLunptions and Proofcs oi his Pradtizes.
That the King had redoubled his Guards again(> his coming, that he had lent for
Alen oF Action and Execution from all Parts to meet him a-- Or-lenm^ where this
Tragedie Ihouldhavc been play'd; that there thj WirncfTcs were examined, firft
apart, and then confronted; that the Prefident Jeannin ha. Commaundmcnt tb
inhibitc the Parliament at T^ijon and Trovence to )eeld him furtucr Obcdicncci
in cafe he did make refuiall to come. No Man did thiv.k''^ thai the ^ 'fg ■would
have put on this RcfohitiOn, and if he did, that he 'xvoidd have mayntained it.
At Orleans he wold not adventure it, for fear the Town, \\hich ever hath been
factious, lliould have riicn, and by force procured his Liberty. And if Monfeur
(IcKho'iuy had not violently profecutcd this Courfe, threatningotbcr"s:ife never
to fee the King nor Courts (for he foiind^io Safety in his owne State but in the
others Ruine,) the King would have been content with Silence to have pa (fed it
over. And if he had but returned to his Lodging at Fountainblean that Night
when he was apprehended, his Horfes were faddled, and his People in readinels
to have been gone. Which if he had done, the Warr by this Day had been kin-
dled in all- Parts and Quarters of this Realme ; which fhortly after would have
flamed forth in that Fury, that their former Troubles in reiped of this Confufi-
on, wold feem to have been but Indus andjocus; for the Forces in Italic did but
attend le mot de guet to aflaile 'Trovence both by Sea and Land. The dooo Ita-
lians which now are paflcd to the Archduke, fliould have remained with the
Marefchal: The Archduke though he hath his hands full at home, wold not
have flood at gaze. But that which was not leafl to be feared, the King dotn take
notice of another partie in his Realme, perhaps no lefs dangerous to his Repole,
although pretended upon the fpecious Pretext du bien publick, and Reformation
of his Eflate. The firfl light of this Ligue came by one Monfiear de Anjou, who
in pure 'Devotion and Love^ frankely acknowledged to the King at Blois, that
he had been demanded by his good Friends ofwhatTarty he was of; when he
anlwercd, he knew no other 'Tarty but that of the King ; it was replyed^ that
then he was of the worft and weakeft Tart. He remonftraced to the King, how
by the heavy Exactions wherewith his Subjects were opprelTed, he had loft the
Hearts of his People; yet, that he was not more hated for the Crueltie of his
OppreJJlons-i then defpifed and contemned for the 'Difolutenefs of his Life. The
King did will him to go and repeat to de Rhofny what he had laid to him, which
he did: Whereupon, there was an Arreft publifhed, for the Surfeance of extra-
ordinary TaiementSy and a Stay made for further Proceeding in the Eftabli'hment
of the Tancharte, and from preiiing the Impofition of Salt beyond the River of
Loyre.

The King doth name the Cheifes of this Ajfociation befides the F'rifoners, the
Confiahle , Monpenjier, Efpernon , de Bouillon, and Cardinal _" oyeux. At
Toitiers there came to the King one named St. Bonnet oi Limoges, who inform-
ed him, That in his Houfe, there figned fowre by fovvre, for the Reformation of
the State, more then four thoufand Gentlemen, all fent thither by the Duke
d^ Efpernon. Tet here he is, in good grace with the King^ who doth in publick
acquit him of the VraBice of the Marefchal.

Upon this Imprilbnment the King did lend Monfieur de Rochcpot to the Conne-
flable, to command him to keep his Houfe, (who was then at Chantilli iome reil
Leagues from this Towne) uponpaine ofRebeUion; yet at his hiftance, he was
content he fhouldcome to the Court, where I have Icen him treated with ac-
cuftomed kindnefs. He did fend likewife to Monfieur Monfenfier to come pre-
fently to the Court, adding, that he would take all delay for reftfe, and refu^
fall for Rebellion. But fence, he hath fent a Gentleman, to wiih him to ftay im-
till his Health may permit him to travail ; who is under luch Indiipofition, that
'tis thought he cannot long endure.

The King came to this Towne on Satterday was fe'nighr, and the fame Day
fent the Prifoners to the Bajiile. Upon Monday the King gave Tower to the

Tarlement

420 Mr.WmwooDs Negotiation inTtvmce. Book IV.

An. i6oi. Tarlement to make the Marejchal's Procefle, and to his Complices, of what
" quallitie or degree foever. Sence, he hath been interrogated by the two antient
Prefidents, and Counfaillers, an^ hath confeffed all the Tartkularitzes which
were demanded^ only he doth denicy that he ever praciized againft the King's
Life : yet hath confejfed^ that he was made privie to that TraUice. At his
firfl: coming into the Baftile he was impatient^ dogged, and fullen, refufmg to
eat, or to name the King, much lefs with T)uty and RefpeEi, nor would not be
indticed to ask for Grace and Tar don ; but cur fed and damned at his Folly,
which brought him into that Tlace. He is now more moderate, yec not lb
morcifyed, but that he would willingly live. He often repeateth his Services to
this Crown in generall, and in particular to the King, whofe Life he faith he
hath favedfive fever all Times, and noteth both time and place.

The Opinion is, that he Jhall dye, and that before the end of this TVeek.
The Count de Atwergne hath fo many good Friends which intercede for him,
namely la Marquife * his Sifter, who never was more powerfull in the King's Fa-
vour then flie is at this prefent, that he is ajfured to have Tardon, as the other
is to fuffer.

The laft Week the Marefchal Laverdin was fent into Burgogne with certaine
Companies, and fence Monfieur de Rhofny hath drawen out of the Arfenal 15-
Peices of Canon, to mount up the River of Mam. The Parlament of 'Dijon
by divers Letters, have aflured the King, that that Province will firmly remaine
in dutifell Alleigance. Yet the Baron de Luz, who was the MarefchaVs Live-
tenant in that Government, and an efpecial A£for in all his 'PraBizes, doth
fortify himfelf at Soldttc, a Place of iome Importance in that Province; but as it
is thought, rather to purchafe his Peace upon eafier Terms, then of defire to
fland out. The King this Day is gone towards Fount ainb lean, with purpofe if
he be not diverted, to make a Step to Dijon to eftablifli Monfieur le Grand in
that Government ; but whether he fliall be Livetenant to the Dauphin, or to
Alexander, the fecond Son to the late Dutcheffe, is not well knowen.

Now the Spanijh DeiTeigns are defeated in France, it is to be prefumed, that
they will turn their Forces to a fecond Imp loyment. I fend your Honour herewith
a Note of fuch Troopes as are tranfported, and are to pafs out of Italy into
Spaine, with an Advice from the Court there, with the which Monfieur de Vil-
leroy's Advertiiements, (as he faith) do concurr, and particularly for the Ifle of
Wight. After many Inftances and Remonftrances, that her Majeftie could make
no other Interpretation of this Treatment for the Money, then that there never
was purpofe to make Payment thereof, Monfieur de Rhofny hath accorded the
Paiement in the Specie of quart d'Efcus, and this Morning the Treforier
d'EJpargne did afliire me, that by the ix* of the next by their Style, the Money
ihall be ready at Diepe. They do defire and exped: that an Obligation of de
Beauvoir and de Frefnez made in the Year I5'9i, for the Sume of fi^oo Crowns
may be render'd : The Bond Ihali be copyed and collationed by two Notaries, and
attefted by the Treforier d'Efpargne, that there remaineth to be paid 2 5'oo
Crowns, which is their forme of Proceeding here, and cannot be prejudicial! to
her Majeftie. Your Honor will be pleafed to let me know, whither it be need-
full that I afilft at this Paiement; and if it be your Pleafure that I ihould receive
my Provifion out of this Paiement. The little Satisfaction which the Parry hath
given me, who many Days fince is retourned to his Imployment, doth give me
linal Encouragement to adventure againe in the fame kind; yet becaufe your Ho-
nor in your laft doth fo commaund, I am now treating to that pourpoJe with a
Gentleman of great Worth, whom I know in loyall Duty to be affecStion'd to her
Majeftie's Service, he doth promife to ufe therein his beft Endeavours, and
within fix Dayes I do attend his Anfwer. I befeech by your next to know

The Count £ Auvergne was a natural Son' of Charles the 9th by Mar'j Touchet, who after the Death
of that Prince married Francis Balfac, Seigneur d'Entragius, &c. by whom (lie had the Marquife. Vide
Omelet's Memoires Bifloriqaes, &c. Fe/. i . ^<j^. 385, 386.

your

Book J V. Mr.WiNv/ooDs Negotiation in France. ^ 2 1

yoiir Honor's furtlicr Plcafiirc, and if fiich a one fhall be rcprcfentcd unto me ^
whom I may commend for that Service, whether I fliall fciid hinl over unto you, ^^^^^^^
or how otherwife dilpofc of him.

Tour Honor's^ &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretar'y Cccyll.

Right Honorable^ Tarts, x^^^ June i6oz. O. S.

THE Proccfs oixhtMarefihal is not much advanced fince the Date of my
lafl. The Stay hath been upon the Attendance of de la Fiiiy whom the
Formallities of their Juftice require iliould be confronted with him. He arrived
here upon Sonday laft, and brought with him a Caskett full of Letters and Mc-
moires ; according to the Contents whereof, he made Motion to the Counfaill,
that the Interrogatories might be drejfed upon which he fliould depofe, to the end
that he might affirm nothing which he could not authentically p:o/e andjuftifye.
The beginning of this Week hath been fpent in perufing thele Writings, wherein
have been found luch a confufed Chaos of Brouilleries-, and fo many of all forts
and quallities embarked therein ; that they are firry they have fo much, and do
endeavour by all means to cover the Shame of this Tra^'ice, wherein they hold
the Honor of their Nation to be deeply inter efted\ wherein Relblution is taken,
that the Parlament fhall take notice of no other I^articular, either Perfon or Mat-
ter, then of that which doth properly concern the prefent Ellate of theMaref-
chal's Caufe. He hindfelf fmce his Tmprifonment hath often faid, (and particu-
larly to Monfieur de Villeroy and Sillery.,) that in his T)efignes he hath ben ve-
ry wicked, but that there thofe about the King, which are ten times more wick-
ed, but not fo Unfortunate. Theie and the like Speeches, as it is thought, do
make fome in this CoUrt to think in their Confciences, that in the State they
now ftand, they hold the Wolf by the Bare ; for to remiine here is to be in. dan-
ger dayly to be furprized, and to depart is to accufe, and yet not to fave them-
idves. The MarefchaV?, End doth draw near, there remayneth only to finifh
the Procefs, to confront de la Fin, and then, when the Chamber Ihall be alTem-
bled, to give Judgment ; and the fame Day, by Cuftome, the Execution doth

follow. . ^ • .

The Count ^Auvergke is riothing fenfible of his MifTerie, but hath Ipent his
tyme in fcoffing at the Marefchal's Sottijh SimpUcitie , ( for fo he termes it,)
who was fo kindly perfwaded to quitt his Government, where he might have
held the King plaie for many Months, to cohie and caft himfelf into the Armes
of Mercy. Madam de Angoulefne (the natural Daughter of iJ^7zr)( II.) doth in-
tercede for him upon this P^eafori, that he is all that is left (his Children only ex-
cepted) of the Houfe of Valtois. At the time of the Imprilbnraent la Mar-
quife was at Vernueil, and certaine Bruites Were fpread, that jhe had a part in
this Action, which many did wijh, and therefore did believe. She, to fliew her
Grace and Power, came to this Towne, where fhe was receaved in Court with
more Favour then was expedled ; and becaufe the World filould acknowledg the
Errour of that wrongful! Imputation, the King did entertain her whole Dayes to-
gether in publick, Ibmetimes in the Louvre, fometimiss in the TuilVeries Gar-
den; the Queen did give her free Accefs into her Chamber, which ihe did as free-
ly accept; wherein the King doth ufe this Artifice with the Queene, perfwading
her to treat her kindly, that he may with more facillitie retire out of her Fa-
therms Hands, the Tromife of her Marriage which fill he retaineth ; which
done, he voweth to give her a Congd and fend her away. The Queene (who
beleeveth good footh) profufely befloweth on her all the CarefTes and Curtefies
Ihe can devife ; and at their laft meeting, did treat her as her other felf But fhcj
that hath ben taught the Secret of her Meflier, out of the Schoole of an experi-

$ P enced

42 2 MrN^iii'^ooj^sNegotiationinVx2inct. BooklVo

An. i6ox. enced Miftrefs, her Mother, is not to learn this Lefibn, Che me fa carezze che
nonfuok 0 ingannata mha o ingannare mi vuole., and therefore refolveth to be
made much of, if the iretayning of that Promife can effedt it, which yet, Ihe will
not conient her Father fliould deliver. The Chancelller did this Week paft iirge
him much for the T>elivery of it, and did advife him to ufe that means, to pur-
chafe Grace for the Count deAuvergne. He anfwered. His Tiaughtefs Honour
ought to be more dear to him^ then the Life of his Wife's Son^ efpecially offuch
a Son of no greater Merit. How the King upon this Adion will govern himfelf
towards i5^^i/^^, doth at this prefent feem doubtfuU.

The Voiage of Burgogne is broken, where the Marefchal Laverdin is recea-
ved into the Cittadell of "Dijon ; and all the Governours placed in the ToWnes of
that Province and la Brejfe by de Byron, have voluntaryly rendred themfelves
to the King's Difcretion. The Baron de Luz hath quitted Solduc, and with his
Wife and Children is fled into xhtFrancheComtd, having carried with him all his
owrie Wealth, and what he could tranfport of the Marefchal' s, to the Value of
60000 Crowns, and there remaineth at a place called Gre : Yet the Companies
of Souldiers do dayly advance, which were fent into thofe parts, and the Can-
non doth march on. We underftand not that the Suijfes which were levied are
difcharged. Monfieur Lefdiguieres is in Amies, and his Troops do increafe ;
but this may be to waite upon the Duke of Savoy, who is gone down thither,
and this Week pafl hath viilited his Forts upon the Frontiers of Dauphine. Now
we begin to fpeak, though with no great Certainty, of fending an Army into
Ticardy. The King's coming will refolve us herein, who is expeded from
Fountainbleau to this ToAvn within a day or twoe. It is not unlikely that the
king will temporize a while, to fee the IfTue of this great Expedition of Count
Maurice ; who, in the Opinion of this Court, will bring forth Ibme ftrange Alte-
ration in thofe Parts.

The Spanijh Ambaffador fence the breaking out of thefe Brouilleries hath had
Audience ; who by endeavouring with many formall Reafons to excufe his Ma-
jler, and to caji the Hatred of thefe Tra5iices upon the T>uke of Savoie, did
feem rather to accnfe him, then to acquitt him. The King's Anfwere was, that
he could not carrie fo unworthy an Ofinion of the King his Majier, as to fuf-
fe6i him to be fartaker offiich bafe and vile Attempts, fo far abhorring to the
Laws of God and Nature ; but if he would do Jujfice upon the Count Fuentes,
* whom he could not but hold for an Ajfajfin, he Jhould do great SatisfaBion to
the World. Howfoever the Marefchal hath carried himfelf in this Negotiation,
rallily, prelumptuoufly, and too confidently, yet no Man doth hold him fo un-
advifed in matters of fo great Importance, to treat with the Count Fuentes as a
particular Terfon, unlefs he did know him warranted with a fujfcient Tower
from the King of Spaine ; who from the beginning did purpofe to take notice of
theafe Proceedings, not according to the DelTeign, but according to the Succefs.

The Baron oiTours this Day departed from hence towards Scotland, where he
is to remaine Ambaffador Refident. Arthur Boole is I underftand fome two
Dales fence arrived to this Towne from Flanders, where one of his Sifters is mar-
tied of late to one Radijh an EngUJhman. Arriano Champoli a Jacobin Friar of
^Palermo iti Sicily, upon his Recantation before the Congregation oi Ablon, where
the Relligion ot this Town hold their Exercife, by the Minifter of this Church
named de Montigni, hath ben recommended to Monfieur la Foimtaine, to be re-
commended by him to be Minifier of the Italian Church in London, whether he

* Mathieii informs us, that the Sieur d'Efaires expoflulating with the King for imprifoning the Maref-
fhal, when he had brought him fous la parole de fa Majefte, qui I'avoit affeitre, qu'il naurott mil defplai/ir ;
Le Roy (fays the Hiftorian) luy monflra lors les charges du Marefchal far Leitres expreffes efcrites de fa
Main, &c. Ce que vo"jant d' Efcuresil recogneut qu encores le Roy a-voit use de trap grande debonairet.^ Cf ta-
ttence cnvers luy : Veil qu'il efoit queftion de la Mart du Ray c/ de Monfieur le Dauphin : El qu'il fe trouiioit
tnefmes, que le Comte de Fuentes avoit propose k la Fin, " que jamais I'F.flat d'Effagne ne fe fieroit aux Fran-
" fois, fi ce n'efloit qu'ils feiffent failler la Rate des Princes du Sang, en comment am far U Roy e? fon Dauphin.
Vide Cronologie Septenaire, pag. 191,

is

Book IV. Mr. WiNvvooD J Negotiation in France. 4-2^

is gone. Now I undciftand that this Fryer as he pafTccI through Roiien, had fc- ^n i5oi;
crct and often Meetings and Conferences in Places Jiilpicious, and Tymes unfca- ^.x^^/^n^
Ibnable, with the mofl mahcious Papifts of that Townc. 1 have intimated this
Indilcretion of their Miniftcr, to the Deputies of their Churclies; and remooftra-
ted, that the Icafl: Inconycniencc that by this Legerity wold enllie, wold be aBle*
milh to the Reputation of their Wifdoms, and to that Gratitude which they are
bound to acknowledge to her Majcflie, whole Realmc having ben a Retrait and
Affyle to their Pcriecutions, more Judgment would be required, then to turn
over to her Land foch a Rnfcallle^ whole corrupt Converfation would infed: her
Church with Errour, and Commonwealth with Sedition, and that he was like to
prove a dangerous Pradticer againft the State.

Here hath lately ben with mc a Gentleman from Monfieur de Sonrdlac-y to
make offer of the Sale of fifty rhoufand Pound of Powder for Cannon, whereof
by this Pofl I fend the Example, and of certaine Pieces of Cannon, the Particu-
lars whereof I lend herewith to your Honor.

I befeech your Honor, that for that time which her Majeflie Ihall be pleafed
to commaund my Aboad here after herMajeftie's Ambaflador fliall arrive, by that
meanes which lliall I'eem mod convenient, the King and Monfieur dc Vllkroy
may take notice of her Pleafure therein ; otherwife I fliall remaine altogether un-
profitable for her Service, and not fo able to performe thofe Oifices, which'my
Duty doth require to her Ambaflador. And lb, Wc.

Tour Honor's^ 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD,

Mr. Winwood fo Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tar is, y'^Jtily i6o%. O. S.

AFTER that de la F'tn had prefented unto the Counfaile all the particular
Letters which had palTed between the Marefchal and him, with thofe
which pafTed between him and Count Fuentes, he made a Petition to the King,
which requefted, he might have a generall Abolition of all Offences that coitld
be alleadged againft him, not only in this particular AEtion of the Marefchal' s
Treafon, but all other Crimes wherein he hath offended againft the Laws ; and
for his more aflurance, to have it enterined in the Court of 'Parlamejit before he
ihould be confronted with the Marefchal. Now the Crimes wherewith the
World doth charge him are. That he is Sorcerer, a Forger offalfe Money, an
ordinary Ajfaffin, a Sodomite, and one that upon all Purpofes, hath ufually accu-
flomed to counterfeit the King's Hand. Yet the Marefchal at the firfl time of
his Examination by the ^premier Trejldent, being asked whether he knew iuch a
one of that Name, and whether he did repute him for an honeft Man, he an-
fwered, pour fort homme de bien, & que plus eft, (faid he) il eft mon Coujin.
At the fame time, (according to the Form of Interrogatories,) being asked, how
he was called ; he anfwered, that he was called Dtike de Biron, Tair and Ma-
refchal oi France, whofe Sword had placed the Crown upon the King's Head,
md reftored all them into their States and "Dignities. Further, being demand-
ed to reveal his Complices, (which he refufed,) the * Trefident wifhed him to
confider, that he was in the Hands of Juftice, who wanted not Means to draw the
Truth from him. He anfwered, he knew his Meaning well, and withall un-
braced his Doblet and ftoewed his Breaft covered with Scarrs ; and asked, what
part of his Body they could put to Torment which had not already fufficiently
been torn for their Safetie, and the Service of his Coimtrey : Which made the

* Achiiks de Harlay,

424 Mr^Ninv^ooDS Negotiation inVv^ncQ, Book IV.

An. i6q%. old Man with Tendernefs of Compaflion, to melt into Tears in that abondance,
that for that time he left him.

The Tairs were fummoned to affift at his Judgment. The laft Thurfday the
King came of purpofe to thisTowne to prefTe them to appeare, for they hold it
to be an arbitrary matter, and alleadge the Judgment of the Conjiahle St. Tol in
the time oi Louis the n*, who was condemned by the Court oiTarlamenty
without the Affiftance of any one Tair. The King doth defire (which he hath
very openly difcovered) that the Connejiable and the Duke d'Efpernon ftiould be
prefent at his Judgment; upon hope, that the Marefchal, when he Ihall fee his
Complices to be his Judges, will loofe all Patience, and accufe them both in the
tace of the Court : For although at the firft he did acquit the Duke de Efpernon,
yet fence he hath caft forth many doubtfull Speeches, whereby it appeareth he
holdeth his Loyalty for much fufpeded. The Day for the Aflembly of the
'Fairs cannot hold, for that the Procefle is not fully inftrudted, and when itfhall
be, they purpofe to excufe themfelves : Some, that they are his Alhes ; others,
that they are not bound to be there prefent ; the others, not to feem too forward
to wiflie or haften his End. There are of late other Witnefles come in, which
mufl be examined and confronted with him ; as a Man of de la Fin's who did re*-
iliaine about the Duke of Savoy, and a Nephew of his returned from Spaine\ and
fome other Particulars of thisPradtize are come to Light, as a Woman oiSens in
Botirgoigne that jhotdd have ben apofied into the Marquifes Service to empoi-
fon the King, and of three Spanijh Captains apprehended in BaJJe Bretaigne, at
a place called Chincarneau-, and laftly, two others apprehended in Lorraine by
the Duke, which are accufed to have fome Defleign againft the King's Perfonne.
^ this latter there is named an EngUJhman called Tits, born in Oxfordjhire^
where his Friends yet do dwell, not far from thatTowne. He long hath lived
in Lorraine, and governed the Affaires of the Cardinal, who doth command
that State. What can be proved againft him is not yet knowen : His Friends
deliver only this, that the laft Year when the King was at Callais, difcourfing
with fome of his Acquaintance of the Subjedt of that Voiage, he Ihold faicj ra-
then then to fee him King <?/■ England, he himfelf would be his Bourreau.

In Burgoigne all Troubles are well compofed. The Marefchal Laverdin hath

Commamidment to approach with his Forces near to the River 6i Rhone, for the

Aid of Geneva, if the Duke oi Savoy fhall alTayle that Towne; who doth arme,

and under the Colour of a Jubilee long fence commenced, and now continued for

; two Months, hath made a great Amafs of Armes and Provifion for Warr. If

the Marefchal'' s Enterprize had fucceeded, the firft Defleign was to affayle Ge-

' iieva, which they did hope to furprize, and the fecond, to beleige Lyons. The

,K.ing is given to underftand, that theDake oi Savoy e, upon the Newes of the

Marefchal's Imprilbnment, did fall into that Impatiencie, that he tore his Hair

from his Beard, and offered, if he had not ben withheld, to run his Head a'

gainft the Wall.

This Week paft ^z Agent of the States was put into fome hope by Monfieur
de Villeroy, that the King would approach towards the Frontiers of Ticardy,
with refolution to imbarque himfelf into their Warre ; but by ^t Audience which
fence he hath had, he hath found him nothing difpofed to breake with Spaine.
Yet now againe Monfieur de Rhofny doth affure him, that the King doth purpofe
. this Weeke to advife with the Counfaile upon that Affaire, and if he fliall refolve
for the Warre, to fend expreflly to her Majeftie, to know how farre flie will be
pleafed to joyne with him. But by the Forme of their proceeding it is more pro-
bable, that they will refolve nothing foddainly, untill fome Newes fliall come of
the Succefs of the States Armie, whereof here is not one word.

It is taken here to be a very hardy Enterprize, to caft themfelves into the
Strength of the Enemies Countrey, where they can look for no Succour, nor
find any Retreat; and where there is an Army one fourth larger then that of
theirSj which doth waite on their heels, to lerve themfelves of all Advantages.

lam

Book IV. Alr.WiNwooDs Ncgot'httion /V? France. 425

1 am informed diat there are Watches fct upon the AmbafTadors of <5/>^/,vg>'s y^f/z. icJoz.
ahd the Archdukes Lodging'";, and Don Emaniwls, whom Fortado hath brought
with him 'iiowi'Dclf'wx Holland, upon liopc to make his Aj^poiiumcnts cafic;
but rather it is thouglit, to ice what Credit he hath gotten in tliofc Parts, to
draw the States to a Parley of Peace. The DliRc of Savoye had no rcafbh to
make doubt to gaine a ftrong Party in France, when as he could fafl'cn izooa
Crowns upon the QowxiX-Cbii-crny the h^Chaiiccllier's Sonne, (who ma) difpcnd
iioooo Franks a Year in the Heart of this Realme) which he corifcfTeth he did
receive, at ilich time as he was Hoftage in SavoyCi upon the laft Treaty of Ly-
ons. The King hath given him his Pardon, as likewife for the Murder of his
Wife; whom finding to be with Child at his rctorne from Savoy, he caiifed to be
flrangled before his Face.

The ToJ?e hath written Letters to the King, wherein he proteftcth upon his
Knowledge, that the Preparations oi Italy were never projcded againfl jF^-^/zc^,
but either againfl: the Turk, Ireland, or the Lovj-Countries. No Man doth be-
Icevc that thofe Forces were prepared againft Rache in Fez, though that be moft.
generally bruited.

Upon Thnrjday lad, certainc Italian Comedians did fet up upon the Corners
of the Paffagcs in this Towne, that that Afternoone they would plaie VHiftoire
Anglolfe contre la Ro'ine d' Angleterre. I caufed one of the Affiches to be ta-
ken downe, which prefently I prelented unto the Chancellier before the Body
of their Counfaile; andfliewed, that if the PoJlicie of their Government did per-
mit thefe iniolent indignities, her Majeftie might juflly think, that they did nei-
ther carrie due Rei'ped: to the Honor of her Eftate, nor make any worthy Efteem
of her Amitie and Alliance. The Chancellier did lend for the Lieutenant Ci-
vill, to whofe Charge it doth appertaine to give Order for fuch Abufes, and
gave him Commandm.ent to inhibit the Play; which Vi^as done, and ex propria
motih the Lieutenant committed the cheife of the Company to Prilbn, where
yet they remaine. It was obje6ted to me before the Counfaile by fome Standers
by, that the Death of the Duke of Guife hath ben plaied at London ; which Ian-
fwered was never done in the Life of the laft King ; and fence, by fome others,
that thQ Maffacre oi^St. Bartholomews hath ben publickly aded, and this King
reprefented upon the Stage.

I underfland that yefterday de la Fin was confronted with xhcMarefchal; who
Jhewed fo little Moderation in the Violence of his Tajfions, that he attempted,
diver fe times to take him by the Throat ; fo that the i Atchiers of the Guards,
which were his Keepers, were called in to govern his Armes. The King is now
at St. Maiir, where he taketh the Water of Togiies. Thefe Bruites of the Dau-
phin, which herewith I prefume to fend, would make one beleeve, that in thele
Pradifes he fliould not have been ipared. And fo I humbly take my leave.

Totir Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

TOSTSCRITf.

I receaved this Morning this Advertifement from our Merchants at Rouen^
which doth come very late, that in this Paiement of quart d'Efcus, there will
be great LofTe in the My nt, both becaule their Coine here doth want the juft
Weight, and that there is much Counterfait in that Specie, efpecially \nNor-
mandy, wher this Somme is colleded. Otwell Smith, if not by himfelf, yet by
fome Italians, might undertake the Exchange at a lefs Lois.

Mr. Seen-

4-26 Mr.Wiii^^ooDs Negotiation inVxancQ. Book IV.

An. i6o%.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll U Mr. Winwood.

T

Mr.Wmwood, ly^^ July, i6ox.

' H E Expedation to heare of the Conclufion of Monfieur i^e B'lron?, Tra-
gedy, and the contynuall Readinefs of the Ambaflador to depart, have
made me filent longer then was fitt, although I know not many things where un-
to you can expedt much Anfwere. For in the Matter of Money, (before I re-
ceaved your lafl Letter) I conceaved the incommoditie to have it brought over in
Specie, in rejpe<5l of the hghtnefs of the Coyne, and therefore it is ordered to
make it over by Exchange; for which pourpofe, certaine Merchants here are
dealt withall to receave it at T)ie^e or Rouen., upon the Arrivall of Sir Thomas
Tarry there ; who hath an originall Bond juftly agreeinge with that Somme, and
one hundred Pounds more, which he hath order to deliver ; and if he may get it
all now paid, then need there no more Circumftance then the Delivery of the
Bond ; which methinks weare reafonable, the Queene lofing fo much by the Ex-
change, as that overplus of the Bond. For the Powder and Cannon whereof
you wroare and have fent Example ; though it cannot be denyed but the Powder
is good, yet her Majeftie is fo well furnilhed with both, as flie fliall not at this
tyme have occafion to ufe them, whereof I thought it my part to advertife you.

As concerning your felf, in what forme you fliall live after the Arrivall of the
Ambaflador, you may be aflured that I had ever Care of your Refutation^ who
have fo well deferved there-., and it is as convenient for her Majeftie's Honor
that good regard Ihould be taken thereof, as it is of Neceffity that you fliould
fpend fome tyme with her Minifter, who mufl: needs be to feek at his firft coming.
You fliall therefore know, that her Majeflie hath dealt with the French Ambaf^
fador here, to make it known to the King by Monfieur de Villeroy, that not-
withflanding ihe hath an Ambaffador Leger there, yet flie hath commanded
your aboade for fome few Monethes, wherein llie doth delyre, that notice be
taken of you as of her owne Servant ; in which refpe<5t Ihe defyreth the King
Will efteem you, and upon any occafion of your Refort to him, eyther with any
thing from the Ambaflador, or from her felf, to give you favourable Accefs. You
fhall alfo receave your ordinary entertainment which you had before his com-
ming, and fliall upon your retourne perceave, I doubt not, how well her Maje-
ftie hath been informed of your Dilligence ; to which (whatfoever addition I
can make) you may be afllired of my good Will, to whom, I pray you, for.oet
not to write as often as you may, though there be an Ambaflador ; for although
Matters ferious, and in Negotiation are moft proper for the Ambafladors Dif-
patches, yet you may find the fubjedl of many things for your Letters, becaufe
her Majeflie loves to hear the Difcourfes accidentall of that State and Court,
wherein your Letters have heretofore given her Majeflie very good Satisfadiion.
And leafl you fliould think the Ambaflador fliould take Apprehenfion of it, you
may take notyce that you weare fo diredled to doe; for the Queen told him
her felf, that it was not pofTible, that he being a Stranger, can be informed as
you may be, whofe quallitie as AmbafTadour tyes him to a more Refervednefs
from Companies than it doth you, that may make your felf a Courtier with lefs
Notice and Obfervation; and fo for this tyme I commit you to God, ^c.

From the Court Tour loving Friend,

2X. Greenwich. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Wia-

Book IV. Mr.WimvooD s Negotiation itiltr^incQ. 427

^n. i6oz.
Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorably., Taris^ 21 'July, xGot.. O. S.

"I3 Y thole Lcrrcrs whicli I lately fent by ^owdf/';/, your Honor doth undcrftand,
r) that upon Safer day \':\!X the Marelchal Blron did appear in tlic Court of Par-
flamcnt, where the Chambers-, the Trefidents and Councellours, with the Chancel-
lier and Ibrne of the Cowicillof Efiat were afTcmbled, to hcare what he could al-
leadgc for himlclf, and thereupon to determine his Caufc. It is laid, he Ipakc
long, and not to ill Purpolc, " Infifting much upon the great Services performed
" by his Father and hiralclf to this Crowne, and in particular to the Perfbn of
" the King. He acknowledged Ibme Errours he had committed, whereunto Va-
" nity and Ambition had induced him, but faid they were only in Conceit, and
" imaginative Projects, whereas his Services were real and of effcd:, whereof
" the Realme doth now enjoy e the Advantage. He befcechcd the Court in
" Uprightnefs of their Judgments, to make a difference between him and de la
" Fin his Accufer; whole Leudnefs had firft debauched him, and now charged
" him with many falfe Acculations. He broke ofF his Specche through abun-
" dance of Tears., which he prayed might be imputed not to the want of Cou-
" rage, but to a j aft Indignation, to fee himfe If in that State, to the which the
" Jealoiifies of fome, and the Envy of others had long fought, and now found
" means to bring him". When he had ended his Speech and returned to the
Baftile, the Chancellier follicited the Court to pais their Voices, but it was
thought more convenient to defer the Judgment till Monday. The Court affem-
bled early in the Morning, and then fat till two of the Clock in the Afternoon.
Then the Judgment was given, that he Jhould be beheaded in the Greve. Up-
on Tuefday, when the Chancellier was to ^ to the Baftile to take from him
his Order, which is the Form of degrading the Nobility, and xht premier Treji-
dent to pronounce the Judgment of the Court; either at the Inftance of his
Friends, or becaufe the King had fo ordained it, Monfieur de Sillery was dif-
patch'd to know his Pleafure, whether the Execution Jhould be publickly at the
Greve, or within the Court of the Baftile. The King referred it to theDifcre-
tion of the Parliament; where this Morning it was decreed, that notwithflanding
the Arreft given upon Monday, the Execution floould be privately within the
Baftile ; where he fuffered this 'Day between the Hours of four and five in the
Afternoon, but in Extremity almoft of Rage and Tafjion, ufing many Rodoman-
tades to the Executioner and Company that affifted; neither could he be induc-
ed toy ee Id himfe If to Death, or to the Tunijhment of the Law. His Death is
generally lamented, yet his beft Friends do acknowledge, that from his Infancy
he had been a great Blafphemer, and that he was of a Diifpofition fo favage,
that he has with his own hand murdered five htmdredTerfons in cold Blood.

Monfieur de Boiffe Governour of the Cittadell of Bottrg, is here arrived; who
doth deliver, that the Neapolitans have made offer to pafs through the Countrie,
but were repulfed by fome Companies that were there placed for that purpoie by
the Marefchal Laverdin. Thereupon the Maiftre de Campe of thefe Troopes,
came to expoflulate about that Matter, protefting againft that Wrong as a Breach
of the League. The Marefchal anfwered, that he had receaved no particular
Inftrudiions from the King in that Point ; and untill he iliould, by reafon of thofe
Jealoufies within the Realme, he could not grant them Permiffion to pafl'e. But
he replyed, his Mafter did not fend him to ask Termiffion for that which he
knew to be his own Right, and \o departed.

Yt is here advertifed that Grave is befeiged by the States Army ; which doth
give occafion of Difcourfe in this Court, that Count Maurice doth know well
how to make the belt uie of his Friends for his owne particular good, either
without refped; of the publick Service of his own State, or of the common Bene-
fit of his Neighbours and Allies. The King is enformed that there is a Rebellion

ia

428 Mr.WinwooDS Negotiation in France. Book IV.

y^n. i6o%. in the Kingdom of Naples, and that the Inhabitants of that Townc have befieg-
^ ed one of the Caftles called the Caftle of St.Martiu; and withall, that two Bi-
fliops are lately iraprifoned at Rome, who had a poiirpofe and praBize to poyfojt
the Tope. The Cleargy, in a Synode which hath been held in this Towne, have
made a Levyeof fix hundred Crowns, to be bellowed upon the Englijh Catho-
licks who live here. Henry Conjfahle hath for his lliare ioo, and 'io much
hereafter of annuall Penfion. By the fame means I underftand, that our Englijh
Priefls have a Refolution to lettle themfelves in a Colledge in this Univerfitie
called Mignon, which by the Ma?qnife's Favour they hope to have appropriated
to the Nanon. Yf only profeffed Papifls would refide there, it might pais with-
out Oppofition, for her Majeftie's Miniiters in this Place might make good ufe of
Ibme of them for her Service ; but if it iliall be turned to a Seminary, in that
Forme which Rheimes heretofore hath been, and now 'Doway and St. Omers are,
your Honor doth beft know the Danger and Diflionour that thereby may enfue
univerlally to the Realme.

The King is now at St. Germains, drinking the Waters of 'Rogues. There is
fmal Appearance of any Voyage this Summer; and if perhaps he iliall approach
to the Frontiers of Ricardy about the end of the next Winter, it will be a Voiage
much like to that of Callais, for his own Pleafure and particular Contentment :
The States Iliall not receave thereby any Profit, nor the Spaniards any Preju-
dice. And lb I humbly take my leave

Tour Honor's in aWDiity humbly to be comtnaunded,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Secretayy Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

il/r.Winwood, 6''^ .Augufi i6oz.

BE C AU S E I know^ not yet whether Sir Thomas Rarry be over or no, I
think it not amifs to dired: my Letters unto you, efpecially feeing they
containe not (for the prefent) any other matter then to deliver this Packett in-
cloled to the Son of my Lord Thomas Howard. For any Occurrences here,
there are none happened fince my laft, her Majeftie's Army profpering well in
Ireland, in fo much as only their Expectation of Spaniards keepe the Rebells
in Rride ; but thereof you Iliall fhortly fee fome IfTue, for after mid September
there is no great likelyhood of any Army ; and for myne owne Part I am per-
fwaded, whenlbever they Iliall fend this Yeare, their Numbers will be very fmall,
and their Refolutions no more, then to pofTefs fbme Port, and fortifie the fame
untyll the next Yeare, that they may be readier to fend fuch Forces as liiay be a-
ble to marche into the Countrey, which now they are not provided for. And
yet they doing fo much, it will keep fome Reputation, and their holding any
one Port in that Kingdom give great Encouragement to the Rebells, and the En-
terprife will not be given over : In doing whereof the King underftands fufitcient-
ly her Majeftie fliall be put to charge to expell them; wherein, this one Pofition I
lay down to my felf, that if it be thought that the King of Spaine will not land
with fmal Numbers and keep a Haven which may conveniently be befieged, (that
for the purpofe he hath, which is only to maintaine a continuall Fire in that King-
dom) he lliali trouble the Queen as much with one thoufand Men well fortify ed
upon fome Neck of Land, as if he landed five thoufand in the beft Town in Ire-
land. For though no Man doubts he fliall ever be able to carry that Kingdome
from the Queen, yet Experience teacheth us fufficiently, that in refped; of the
generall Defedion in that Kingdome, and the Alienation of Hearts from this Go-
vernment, flie fliall ftili be eaten out with Charge, as long as he hath any footing
there. Thus have I rather difcourfed with you to fill up a Letter, then for any

other

Book IV. Mr.WiawooDsNegotiatiofimltrsinct. 4.29

other Occafion which offers it fcif at this tyme, and therefore I do now commity^;^. i(5oi
you to God, ^c.

F"rom the Court at Toiir very loving Friend^

Hicham. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, "Diepe, -/"^Auguft i6o%. O. S.

FRO M Roueu my Lord Ambaflador by his Letters to Mr. JVillafiok hath
called me to this Townc, whither, with Ibmc Difficultie the King's Recei-
vourswere intreated to bring back the Money, and that with the greateft Diligence,
becaufc the Captaine of her Majeftic's Shippe doth advertife, that the Vittaile
therein doth grow skante, fcarcly liifficient for above two or three Days, which
in a Contrarietie of Wynd or fowle Weather might cauie an Inconveniencie. At
my Arrivall here, I found the Mayfter of the Shippe which traniported my Lord,
arrefled by a Marriner of New-haven for the Sume of eleven Crowns, which as
is pretended he took from him the laft Year. As his Lordfhip hath juft Reajfon
to be fenfibie of this Indignitie, fo I have remonftrated to tlie Governour Mon-
fieur de Chattez, that as this Treatment is a private Wrong to the Party, who.
hath an Atteltation under the Captain's Hand of the Shippe, that that Shippe of
New-haven, out of which the PlantifFdoth pretend tliis Money to be' taken from
him, was entirely reflored, without dommage to any particular Peilon intereft-
ed therein, the which Monsieur de Villiars Governour of New-haven hath of-
ten acknowledged to me, fo yt is a Difgrace to her Majeftie's AmbafTador ; which
if his Lordfliip iliould exafperate, it would appear, that at one blow, the Lawes Ci-
vill, (whereby the Country is governed) the Lawes of Nations, and in confe-
quence the Alliance between the two Crowns, and laflly of Courtefie and good
Manners, whereof he is knowen to be a religious Obferver, were much impeach-
ed. Monfieur de Chattez, (whom your Honor doth know to be a kind Gen-
tleman, and who here hath honorably treated and feafted my Lord) doth offer
rather then his Lordfliip iliould conceave any unkindnefs againft him, or the Plan-
tiff^ complain for want of Juftice, to reimbourfe the Money out of his own Purfe.
At Roi'ten upon Tuefday laft, the Marefchal Vervacqiies was receaved Governor
thereof by the Parlament, which is as much as to fay, that the King doth pour-
pofe to fulpend the Government of that pairticular Towne and Place, from the
Confent of the generall Governor of the Province; and therefore at Taris yt is
faid, the Count de Aiivergne fliall be removed to Loches, that the King upon that
Pretext may retyre that place out of de Efpernon's Hands. I have omitted in
my laft Difpatch from Taris, to make relation of the Book which this Poft doth
deliver to your Honor, the Author of it is one Dr. Ely who profeftes the Laws at
''Pont Muffbn. I have fent my Lord of London 5-0 Coppies, and as his Lordiliipp
fliali advertize, more may be fent. And foe, ^c.

Tour Honor' Si 8cc,

RALPH WINWOOD.

i/nWia*

430 ilif .Win woodV Negotiation in France. Book IV.

^n. i6ox.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ ^ "Paris, tx^^ Augujl i6oz. 6.S.

BEcaufe it is likely that my Lord AmbalTador fliall attend fome time for his
/>y? Accejfe to the King, and now 'tis long finfe your. Honour did hear
from hence, I do prefume to return this Meflenger, though thefe Times prefent
no great matter that doth require an Exprefs dilpatch. It may therefore pleafe
your Honour to underftand, that my Lord AmbafTador arrived in this Tovvne the
14* of this prefent ; the Day after (which was Satterday) I went to Monceaux,
to advertize the King thereof, who that Afternoone was gone to Ternay, a
Place belonging to the Dui^e oi Momhafon, (two Leagues from thence,) upon an
Aflignation given him by the Marqtiife, from whence he did not returne before
allmoft Midnight. Upon Sonday Morning between five and fix, riding from
Meaux (where I lodged,) towards Monceaux, I met him in the Field, accompa-
nied with fome i 'j Horfe ; to whome having deliver'd the Caufe of my comming,
he willed me to go and fpeake with Monfieur de Villeroy, for that he then was
going a hunting. He went to the place from whence he came the Night before,
and dined at Frefnez, a place where the Secretary of that Name doth now re-
maine, an Englilh Mile from Terny, where he was entertained that Day until the
Evening. On Monday Morning he called for me, and then faid that within four
or five Days he would be at Taris, where my Lord AmbafTador lliould hear from
him. He entered into Difcourfe of the Affaires of Irelande, where I had occa-
fion to reforme in him two Errours whereof he was pofiefTed; the one, that
certaine Spaniards to the number of 5-000, were landed in that Realme ; the o-
ther, that her Majeflie had revoked her Fleet from the Coaft of Spaine, which I
afi!ured him was refreilied and renforced. He called to him Monfieur Villeroy^
before whom he told me, thjt he had receaved that Morning Letters irom Flan-
ders, wherein was advertized that the Archduke had lately fent into" Ireland
. to allure the Rebels, that within a ihort tyme they iliold receave Succours from
Spaine. To this I anfwered, that they Jhould find her Majefties Shippes upon
the Seas ready to wafte them over ; and at their landing, her Forces would at-
tend to entertaine them with open armes; and fo he difmifled me. Now for his
coming to this Towne, I underfland that he hath written to the Marquife, to
go to Vernuille, where he will find her, and that yet for five or fix Days he will
not be in this Towne.

Thefe latter Troopes of Sfaine for the Archduke are not yet pafi"ed ; for be-
caufe at the firfl their Pafi"age was difputed, after Permifi"ion they refuled to fl:ir ;
and finfe many of them are disbanded, fo that of 3000 Neapolitans, there are
not now ixoo, which are yet at Nijfi in Savoy, a Towne belonging unto the
Duke of Nemours.

I have feen Letters of the 16* of this Moneth from Rochelle of certaine Mer-
chants, who at St. Lucar by Sevill, in thole Gallies which lately arrived from
Naples, did fee Sebafiian of Tortugall. They relate that he was enchained, ap-
parrelled and for his Diet treated like other Forcatz, but did not row at the Oare.
They offered him Money, Apparrell, and other Commodities, which he refufed.
* There came to fee him the Duke de Medina Sidonia with his Wife ; he asked
him if he yet had the Sword which he gave him at fuch time as he was fent
Ambajfador to him from the lajl King of Spaine, and praied that he might fee
it : The Duke cauied to be brought twelve Swords, which when he had viewed,
he faied, that amongll them the Sword was not ; the Duke fent then for as many
more, amongfi which he found the Sword, as the 'Duke himfelf acknowledged.
He doth comfort himfelf much in his AfflicStion, and defireth to be carried into
Tortugall, where he will difcover a Million of Treafure, which he did hide be-
fore his Departure from thence.

■"' — — ' i

* vide Mathieft's Cronohgie Se^tenaire, pag. 147. Edit. Pans 1605. 8'".

This

Book IV. MrWimyooDsNegot/^tlo/ihiVtance. 491

This Qiiccn at her coming into France did bring With her a Florentine Mnide ^;/. i(5oi.
called Leonora^ married Ibncc to an Italian named Conci;^no. She, zi'ho ever bath _/^'V^^-'
had much Toiver over the ^ueen, lately fell fick; and being without hope of
Recovery by the help of Phyfick, under Pretext of Cure for her Health, the
Qiieenc did fend for from Sienne a religious Woman, a profefTcd CaJ^iLbina^
who is arrived in this Townc; whom Ihe holdeth to be a Saint and a ProphcccfTc,
as one that heretofore (as flic faith) hath foretold her all that hath befallen her
in her Life, as that flie Ihould be Qiieen of France, and that at the end of ten
Months flie lliould be delivered of a Son. This Vanity is the more diftaflfull iii
this Court, the more Conformity it hath with the Humors of the * G^icen Mo-
ther, whofe Curiofitie, devoted to the Superftition of Divination and Sooth-
faying, through too much Crcdulitie to attainc the good flic expeded, and to de-
cline the Evill flic feared, embroillcd this Eflatc in that Confiifion, that the Me-
mory thereof doth make this Queen in her Vcrtucs lefs graceful!, and in all Adi-
ons fiibjed: to Interpretation, obnoxious to the Prejudice of Malice and Indii-
cretion.

Here is arrived in this Towne an AmbafTador from Savoje called the Conte of
Vifihi, as it's thought to juftifye his Mafler's Honor againft fuch Allegations as
may be pretended againfl him, in the Enterprize of the late Marefchal. The
Lord Hume arrived here the fame Day that my Lord AmbafTador did, but late
in the Evening, chufing rather not to be fecn, then feen not fo well accompanied
as he was, who entered into this Town with more then an hundred Horfe. I un-
derfland of no greater Negotiation he hath to treate, then to congratulate with the
King for the Difcovery of the late Enterprizes, and to give thanks for the efla-
blifliing of the hundred Gendarmes in the Terfon of the young Trince, which for
ought I fee, is rather in Demonflration then in Ef?e<St, and fo will remaine untill
the Delivery of the Queene, which is attended now in OBober. Tf then Jhe
/hall bring forth a Daughter, the King will make a Trefent of her to the young
Trince, with all other Favours to advance his Honor.

The Hopes for the fpeedy takeing of Grave do not lucceed, the Enemie's Ar-
my is approaching near, wherein hath been fome Confufion, for the Admirante
will command, and the Marquife of Spinola will not obey. T)on Giovanni de
Medicis, Unckle to this Qiaeen, is faid to be arrived at Brujfels, and likewife
the Duke of Offbna a Spaniard, who lately lived in this Towne in the Ambaffa-
dor's Houfc diffolutely and ridiculoufly. The Duke of Tarma is likewife ex-
peded there.

I left Tynfon at Rouen with pourpofe to pafs to Lisbone, but he is retourned
to this Towne : I find his Heart doth not ferve him to retourne into Spaine. He
is willing to go into Flanders, wherein what your Honour fhall command fliall
be put in Execution, and fo I humbly take my leave, ^c.

Tour Honors., &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

TOSTSCRITT.

My Lord Ambaffador hath receaved this Meffage from the King by Monfieuf
Gondy, to repayre to Monceaux upon Monday next, where he fhall underfland
his further Pleafure.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, 30* ^uguji 1701. O. S.

MY Letters would be fuperfluous were it not to obey your Honor's Com-
mandment; fith for the good of her Majefty's Service and my private
Refped: to my Lord Ambajfador, I do communicate daiely unto him, not only

* Katharine de Medkis.

what

432 Mr.WmwooD s Negotiation inVr^ncQ. Book IV.

y^M. i6ox. what I underftand of the Affaires here, but the means alio whereby I receave the
Underftanding thereof. If therefore I fhall prefent cramhem bis codiam, which
cannot but bring with it an unfavory Tafte, yet your Honor will be pleafed (fith
fo you do command) to accept it in place of better Service. My Lord Ambal-
fador receaved his firft Audience at Monceaux the x^* of this Moneth. His
wellcome fliewed how gratefull and acceptable his comming is. The Lord Hume
was jirft heard, and the lad the Ambaffador of Savoy e, who did but enter in and
go out; not that he had lirtell to fay, but that the King was not willing to hear
muche, for it grew late, and he had appointed that Evening to hunt the Wolfe.
It is here faid that this Ambaffador hath three principall Points to negotiate. Firft
to expoftulate the Reafon why thefe latter Troupes, which lately were to paffe
through la Brejfe-, were hindred in their Paffage. Then to juftifye his Mafter's
Honor, and to proteft in his Name, that he never was partaker of any prad:ize
with the late Marefchal, but only in the laft Warr of Savqye ; at which time all
means were lawfull for him to advance the Courfe of his Affaires, for 'Dolus an
'v'trtus quis in hojie requirat ? Laftly to demand Juftice againft la Fin, whom he
chargeth by many finifter Accufations wrongfully to have flandered the Honor
of the 'Diike. La Fin is in this Towne, and often frequenteth the Court. He
challengeth a Promife to be Marefchal of France, but the Duke of Tremouille
having ben refufed in the fame Pretenfion, upon this Reafon, that that Eftate
ihould be reformed to the antient Reglement, (which doth admitt only the Nom-
ber of four,) it is not likely his Defyre fliall take place. The King doth grow ve-
ry weary of him, and his Counfail do hold it convenient to have him removed
from the Court, who doth dayly buz in the King's Ears new Pradiices, which
fliould be complotted againft him and his State, and thereby doth drive him into
an univerfall Defiance of his mod loyall Subjects and trueft Servants.

Here is arrived the Adminifirator of Strasboiirgh. He is come to demand
Aff ftance of the King againft the Cardinal of Lorraine, who doth encroach up-
on his Freehold, contrary to that Capitulation of Partage which was accorded be-
tween them for the Bilhoprick of that Place. He is lodged and treated by the
King, which is the greateft Favour he hath reafon to expedt from hence ; fof
there is no Appearance that the King will declare himfelf in a Caufe, whereby he
fliail give juft Offence to the Duke of Lorraine, (whole dijpence is cheefly iup-
ported by the Revenew of his Son the Cardinal,) and to the ^o^e, (who would
Wreft this to a Matter of Rehgion,) and of the Church, whereof this King doth
affect the Title of Trote5ior. The King hath fent the Cardinal Joyeux to Rome
much againft his will, upon this fliew of Honor, that becaufe he is the Protedor
of the French Nation, his Subjects in their particular Caules cannot want his
Countenance and Affiftancc, nor the Affairs of State his Service and Prelence a-
bout the 'Pope. The pourpofe is to fend him far from hence, where the good he
can do, will be to do the leaf harm; and remove him from the ^vks-Monpenfier^
thereby to weaken and diffolve that Confederacie, which under the Ipecious Lu-
ftre of Religion and du bien public, whilft the Heads lubfift, ihall want no
Fauters to embrace the Party.

The Duke of Bouillon was never in worfe Termes with the King then at this
prefent; he lately receaved a publick Indignitie, which would not eafily have
ben offered to a particular Perfon. The Principallitie of Sedan for more then
an hundred Years hath ben under the Protection of this Crowne. Sence it came
into his hands, he hath purchafed many Liberties and Privileages, and in a man-
ner incorporated it into this Eftate, fo that the Inhabitants of that Towne are
naturalized through this Realme and wholly exempted from the "Droit d" Aubeine.
Now very lately, and which before never was practiced, the ordinary Coach
which weekly doth pafs from Taris to Sedan was arrefted by the Fermiers of
the King's DroiSis, and 800 Ducats which was found therein ieazed to the King's
Ufe, as Money forfeited to be conveyed out of the Realme, and lo by Arreft of
the Counfail it hath ben adjudged, and the Mony. coniilcated.

This

Book IV. ilir. Winwood'j" Negotiation ^France. 45 ^

This Charity Monficur dcRhofny doth lend to the Duke de BoU'illoii; whcreid Aii. i6ai;
he may be the bolder, bccaulc the ViconK^ of Turene is feared in the Heart of the
Reahne; othcrwiic this rude Treatment might make him renew the ancient hi-
fcription over the Gates oi Sedan-, fl-Dieu nc mc veitt-, le d'table me vent.

This is all that we hear from Crave., that the Adin'irante is retired with his
Army towards Rave'iflcn, to impeach Count Maurice of his Vrrtaille ; whofe
Campc is diminilhcd by the Departure both of French and 'Dutch. Here are
Tetters of the 16''^ that ipcak of the Dilgrace befallen to Sir Frdncis Fere., and id
Colonel Terhpk. The Archduke hath receaved ?i partito for 800000 Ducats,
payable in IburMonths. To the latterClaufeof this Advertifcmcnt, which herewith
I lend, and which I receaved from , here are Letters of the ri'h of the lafl

from Lisbomie, that fay, Frederigo Sfinola did then depart with fix Gallics. I
have once or twice vifTited Monficur de Boifijfe fence his returne. As his Car-
riage in the Charge he held in England, did promife '■Ji'hcn he Jhould be retotirn-
edy no great Good, fo the littell nfe that here is made of him, doth threaten
no great harm. The King doth much mifiike his want of Moderation ; and Mon-
ficur de VilLeroy doth now acknowledge, that he was an tmfitt Minijier to
maintaine theAmitie between the two Crowns.

The Queen came to this Towne upon Satterday lad, but the King hath ben
thefe eight Day es at Verniieil. And fo I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Since the Date of thofe Letters (which I deferred to clofe up until! my Lord
AmbafTador lliould be ready to fend away) the King is here arrived, who at this
time is much offended with the Meflieurs of the ParJament who will not be in-
duced to condem.n Hibbert the late Marefchal's Secretary, and rcfufe to verify
t\\QEdi£f for the enhauncing of Money, which Monfieur de Rhofny doth vio-
lently profecute.

This Day old Tafquier was with me. I befeech your Honor to fave my Cre-
dit with him, and to give him that Comfort, of her Majeftie's gracious Accep-
tance of his Duty and Service 5 and withall to be pleafed to remember the Duke
of lVirtembergh\ AmbafTador.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winvvood.

iV/r. Win wood, i^ Sej^tember i6o%.

I Have no\V written to Sir Thomas Tarry, and fent him fuch Occurrences as
the prefent time doth afford; his Letter (being only v/ritten upon his Arrivall
at RoJienJ requiring no other Diredion, but to let him know that her Majeftie is
very well fatisfyed with the Courle he hath taken, in tranlporting of the Mony
hether by Exchange.

As concerning 'Pyn/bn, I have perceaved by his Carriage and Behaviour, that
he hath been croffed again in his Purpofes for S_payne, whereby he feemeth to be
fb terrifyed, as he doth rather offer himfelf to be imployed for the Low-Coun-
tries. Whereunto, although I know not what other Anlwere to returne him,
but that he may meet with as many Difficulties there as in the other place ; yet
becaufe I find he hath fbme Witt, and pretendeth a great Defire to do Service, for
to recompence the great Charges he hath flood me already without any ufe
at all ; If you finde now that he may be able from Brujfelis to fettle fbme good
Correfpondency with me, I will be contented to continue my former Entertain-
ment to him, although I mufl: needs tell you, I fee no reafon why he iliould de-
ferve fo large aStipende there as in Spayne: But I wholly referr it to your Difcre-
tion, as well this, as to agree with him of the Means of conveying Let-

j S ters

434- Afr.WiNwooD J- Negotiation in France. Book IV.

^». i6ox.ters unto me, and the place where his Entcrrainment is to be configned, either
'by way of yintwe?'J>e or T arts ^ or otherwife as you fliall think inoft conve-
nient, (6 as only I may be lure to receave his Advertifements with Expedition,
which otherwife will prove but fruitlefs unto me. Whatfbever you fliall aarec
upon in this matter, I will not faile to perform it. And to I leave it to God's
Protedion, ^c.

From the Court at Tour very loving Friend^

Oat elands. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ Taris if* Sep. i6ox. O. S.

NOtwithftanding the Care which here hath ben taken to dilTemble all Gre-
vances which ought juftly to be profefTed againft Sj>ajne, "whom the World
doth take notice to have had the greateji hand in thefe late TraBicesy jet now
both the King and Monfieur deVzlleroy do not fpare to ufe this and the hke Lan-
guage, That there is no means longer to endure this Fajhion of proceedings dan-
gerous to their Safety, and difgracefull to their Honor : That will they, nill
they, they mufi refolve for the JVarr : That Spayne will never ceafe dijhonor-
ably to praEiize againji the State and Terfon of the King. Be it that this pro-
ceeds from fome frefli Difcovery fince the Execution of the late Marefchal^ or
from more mature and better digefted Refolution ; or, (which I fear is mofl pro-
bable) that they accommodate their Speech to the Httmors of them with whom
they Jpeake ', and now that the Seafmt of the Tear is p aft for Action, they make \

Jhew of Inclination to the JVarr, thereby to amufe their Neighbours and Allies,
and to detoiirn them from Confideration ofTeace ; yet this doth hold them eit
cervelle, that unto that Remnant oi Neapolitans (which fmce the flay of Paf-
fage remaine at NiffiJ there are come downe in Savoie twenty two Companies
of Spaniards, and are in Garrifon at Conflans, Charbonniere, and Montmelian,
but in the Town, not in the Caflell. This gives occafion of Difcourfe, (though
upon fmall Ground) that fith the Duke oi Savoie would never fiiffer, no not in
the time of Warr, that the Spaniard fliould hold Garrifon in his Country, that
there iliould be an Exchange between the Dutchies of Milan and Savoy e. The
Delcent of thefe Souldiers, was to put two of the Regiments, viz. of Rave fin
and Bourgh, which were with the Marefchal Laverdin, into Garrifons at Va-
lence and Romance ; the reft, retrenched of their Recruits, are retourned, and
nine Companies are to be fent to the Frontiers of Ticardy.

'Tis written out of Italic, that the King of Spaine doth furnilli the Duke of
45'<s!'i;(5)'e' with 500000 Ducats ; 300000 at il^i/<^;/, and the reft at i?^^?^'. Antonio
'Perez is advertifed, that thofe Gallies at SanSia Maria fliould be for Alghiers;
upon which reafon, (to afTure his Afliftance) the King oi Morocco hath lent his
Son Hoftage into Spaine.

The Edi6l for enhanfng the Valew of Mony is paffed, but not yet publifli'd:
The Crown of Gold at 65- Pence, of Silver 64: But all which are not Weight are
to be brought to the Mynte. This will breed a great Confufion, and much doth
difcontent the Subied, only the King hath the Gain, who hath and will gather
into his Hands the whole Trefure of the Realme.

Monfieur de Efpcrnon is gone to his Government oiMetz to give Satisfadion --
to the People of that Town, which generally is difcontented with the Lieute-
nant called Subole, and to remove him from thence : Who if he had ufed his beft
Difcretion to have gained the Love of the Towne, he was then in a fair way to
have removed Monfieur de Efpernon, and pofTe/Ted himfelf abfolutely of the
place. We hear that the Archduke's Camp is in great Confufion, many mutined,

others

Book IV. Air. Wi N WOODS Negotiation in France. 455

others revolted, Alphonfo d'Avila and Conte Trlvulcto difarnicd) and confined An \''>ry
within the Wallcs of Z?r«/^'/x.

The Statcs\\^yz wrirrcu to their Agent to advertize the King, that upon tlic
rakiiig oi Grave ■, (which they prciimic (b they may rcccave lome comfortable
Alfiftancc from him) they will dclccnd the River with their Arm)', and enter \\\-
to Flanders. The Agent hatli demanded ifooooo Crowns. This is miqtutm
fetere ut aqmirn jhant ; and Monficur dcRbofny willed Iiim once for all, to ask
the King's Elpargne. The Marclchal dXjrnano hath advertized the King, that
the ijtii of this Moueth by their Stile, SjJinola with his Gallics did pals by Bour-
deaux.

The Turk doth come down ftrong upon the EmJ>erour with an Army of
20C000 Men, and hath already inverted Alba Regale^ which the Duke of Aler-
ccettr the laft Year did recover. Cigaldhis General at Sea is gone forth with fixty
Gallics, and doth bear towards Calabria. He hath chofen out his time feafona-
bly for his pourpofe. The Emperour's Army is 30000 flrong, and wholly cm-
ployed in euablilhing the Frontiers oiTranJilvania; and the King of i5)^<2>';/£'hath
providently diipoflefled thole parts of Italie of Men and Gallics.

Thus far I had written fonie Dayes fince, attending howerly when my Lord
Ambaflador would difpatch. Since, the King is advertized from 'Pr^x^^^^- that ^Z-
l>a Regale was taken by Aflault the r%^^ of the lad, and all within, without
Mercy, put to the Sword. The fix Gallies of Sj^inola, accompanied with eight
Galleons, were feen the 131'^ of this Month at BelllJIe. The folemn Ambafly of
the Suiffes is on the way, viz. two of every Canton, who come to fwear the
Treatie, which at the beginning of this Year that unhappie Marefchal did nego-
tiate. Where the King will receave them it is uncertaine, either here where
now he is, or HiX. Fotmtainbleatt, where theQueene doth defire to go to be delivered.
But wherefoever it be, the King by Contradt doth defray them, from the Day
they fet forth, untill the Day they be rendred at home. The befl Anfwer the
States Agent doth receave to his laft Propolalls, is, the laft Payment of the
300000 Crowns, which was ordered for them ; but Monfieur de Rhofny by his
good Husbandry doth retrench them of zoooo Franks, according to the new
Reglement, which herewith I fend unto your Honor.

My Lord Hume (unwilling to make a long Harveft of a little Corne in this
unfeafonable Weather) at his third Accefs to the King did take his leave, and
departed from hence on Monday laft. He was prefented with a Jewell befet
with Diamonds, wherein is wrought the Medalia of this King and Queen, e-
fteemed at 7 or 800 Crowns.

Touching this Letter which herewith I fend addreffed to your Honor, this is
all I can fay ; Captain Jacques, who is lent for into Spaine, is the Perfon that
giveth the Advertizement. Here lyeth fick at Taxis Houfe one Richardo de
Marteno Lieutenant of the King's Guards, who is going into Flanders: He fpeak-
eth much to the pourpofe of this Letter. But fith they are fo good to give fo
fair warning, it feems they have no regard to do any great hurt ; and now all
other means fay le, great Words mujl maintaine there Reputation. I have de-
livered your Honor*s Letter to Monfieur de Villeroy, which he kindly accepted.
And fo, ^f .

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Afr.Winwood

Mr. Win WOOD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Mr. Win^iS^ood to Mr. Secretar<y Cccyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts, z^'^^Sep. i6ox. O. S.

MY Lord Ambaffador, upon Advertizemetit that the Gallies oi Spinolavftxc
lodged within the Harbor of Blaiiet in BretaigHe, having demonftrated
to Monfieur de VUleroy how contrary this proceeding is even to the very litteral
Words of the Treaties, much more to the Corrcfpondence of that Amitie which
her Majeilie in real Affection doth bear to this Crowne, and he thereupon pro-
mifing purpofely to conferr with the King thereof, and to know his Plealure
therein, thought it convenient that I fliould repair unto him, and receave from
him the King's Anfwere. After I had followed with him the fame Reafons which
my Lord AmbalTador before had urged, adding, ' ' that their Hopes of being re-
" ceaved, entertained, and refreflied within their Ports, did give them Courage
" to undertake this Enterprize, and that without thofe Favours, the naturall
" Courfe of the Sea would caufe the Gallies to run a hazardous Fortune; He
" gave me this Anfwer, that Blattet was an open Bay, where the King had no
" Force to keep them out; yet fo foon as the Country had News that there
" they were, the People did rife up in Armes, and aflcmbled at the Sea fide to
" chaie them thence. He faid, that there were many Creeks, Harbours, and Re-
*' trai6tsupon theCoafl, where both Gallies and other Shippes might retire, as
" without giving them warning, fo without asking them leave ; but within the
" Ports where the King did hold Governours or Garrifon, they could not be fo
*' hardy to offer to enter, neither fhould they be receaved but with fliott of Ca-
" non. I then remembred unto him an Ordonance publiflied by the King fome
" three Years fence, that no Shippes of Warr, of what part Ibever, fliould har-
" hour in their Ports ; which I praied, if it were recalled, might be renewed, and
" if defufed, revived. He anfwered, the Edi6i Hood fliU in Force, and upon any
" Liftance that fliouId be made that it was not obferved, the Obfervation thereof
" fliould be efficacicufly recommended to all particular Governours, to wliofe
" Charge the Care doth appertaine.

" I then, being fo willed by my Lord, moved him for the King's Anfwere for
" the Rembourpment of her Majeflie's Money, which his Lordlhip had preffcd
" to the King, by whom he was addrclTed for Anfwer to him. But he laid, in
" that point he had not yet moved the King, but would do it when the time was
" feafonable. I reply ed, that no time was out of Seafon for that Subjed:, the
" King being fo well able to fatisfy her Majeftie's Demands, and her Occafions
" daiely preffing, and after fo long Forbearance, attending Satisfadion. To
" this he anfwered, that he beft knew the Conveniencey of the King's Seafons,
" and before to move him would be but loft Labour, without Contentment to
" my Lord AmbalTador, whofe Patience herein he did pray yet for Ibme few
" Dales": And more I could not draw from him. This Anfwer I do interpret,
that when the Eflate of the Finances for the Year to come (which now is in hand)
lliall be dreffed, the King will refolve what Portion he will pay of herMajeftie's
Debts, and this Year now running he will pafs over with the Paiement which is
receaved of foooo Crowns : Yet Monfieur de Beaumont upon his Departure
from hence, of which I then advertiied your Honor, to fome particular Friends
did deliver, that he had Commiflion to affure zoocoo Ducats; and Monfieur de
Buzanval, who then was here, and had feen his Inftrudions, though he would
not nominate the Sume, yet faid it was more then foooo Ducats.

Here hath ben of late nothing more currant in this Court, then that there is
intended a Treaty between her Majejiie and the Archduke; which is faid by
fome to be fo farr advanced, that there fliould be a Meeting alligned for Confe-
rence between your Honor and the Prefident Richardot : Wherein, all E-
ftates of Chriftendom being deeply interefted, the Minifters of fuch Princes
which refide here have taken the Alarum, and becaiife they fear it, do beleeve

it.

Q

Book IV. MnWitJv/oo-Ds Negotiation in France. 437

it. I find no other Head of this Opinion then this King and Counfaill, who arc jjjj i6c>%\
wilHng under hand to make way to this Bruit, whereof they dcfire the World
ihould be pofTcfTcd, not that they beleeve it^ (for they know the contrary,) but
hereby (under the Mantle of this collourabk Trctext) to cover the IVeaknefs
of their Refolution, in not taking notice of thefe 'Practices o/Spaine; holding
in reafon of State, this tobe aReafon more then fitfficient, that therefore they
may not break ".sjith Spaine, becaufc the ^leen <?/ England doth intend herTeace.
Before the Arrivall of my Lord AmbafTador, to all thofe, whojealou^ rl: the Ho-
nor of this Crownc did moA^e for Warr, the King's Anfwer was, that he m hii
own particular did hold it to be his, onlyCourfe, but would attend to refilve, un-
till he Jhould hear what the Englilh Ambajfador had to Jay: Now upt^n his le-
cond Audience, he complaineth, that he expected that many Overtures Jhould
be made unto him from herMajeJHe^ both to have encouraged, and enabled him
to break with Spaine ; which not comiiig, he muji have patience, untill he Jhall
be able to fubjlji by his own Forces. To this I have anfwered, what other Over-
ture can they dcfire of greater Importanccj. then herMajeftie's dayly Adions well
knowen to the World, and acknowledged by Spaine both by Sea and Land? Ot
what hope can there be that any Overtures from her Majeflie fhall be receaved,
when their own Ambaflador hath ben difavowed in his Propofitions, and thei£
own Words ben gainfaied by their own Mouthes ? And if they dejire any Over-
tures Jhould be propofed, it is for no other end then to ejiablijh a more affurecL
Frietidjlnp with the Crown ^/'Spaine; dejyring to make known to that King,
that though theafe and theafe Overtures have ben made them, yet they hold his
Friendjhip more dear, then to break upon any Conjiderations that may be tendred,
either of Honor or Profit. But befides the univerfall Conftitution of this State,
the particular Carriage of all Matters fence the Difcovery of the Marefchal's Pra-
(Sizes, do Ihew no Inclination to the Warr : As Commandment to the Court of
Par lament, not to name the King <?/ Spaine in that Procefs: The Language of
Monfieur de Rhofny to the Spanijh AjuDalTador : The good Treatment the Am-
bafTador of Savoy e hath here receaved, to whom the King's laft Words were, hs
defired to have Peace, and Peace he would have. And which is moji materially
to make Warr with Spaine, muJi enforce a more freight Alliance with England
and Holland, and that muft caufe an Alienation from Rome, and draw the King
to ferve himfelf of his SubjeSis of the Religion, the cheefeft whereof, are now
not only the beft, but the only Captaines of his Realme ; all which, they that
now fit at the Sterne of this Stare v^-ill avoyde, tanquam Scillam ^ Chary bdim.
So that there is no probabillity that here they will be induced to the Warr but in
One of thefe two Cafes ; either for their Defence if they fliall be afTailed, or that
the Archduke's Provinces fhall fubmit themfelves to their Protedrion ; which long
they have hoped for, and now, by this violent Confufion which there daily mul-
tiplieth, (thinking nothing impoflible to the great Fortune of this King,) they pro-
mife to themfelves will fliortly follow. Notwithflanding, the King hath-fent fof
the Duke of Bouillon, upon fhew^ that he fhall have caufe to imploy him ; and
to be here by the end oi November, becaufe, h^xn^Premisr gentilhome de fk
Chambre, (now Monfieur le Grand is gonne this Week to his Government in
BourgoigneJ his Prefencc will be reqnifite for the fetting downe of the State of
the Houlhold for the next Year. The Duke doth hold the Wolfe by the Ears, for
not to come is to acknowledge himfelf guilty of all thofe Calumnies whereof he
long hath ben charged ; and yet (whereof he is not ignorant) the Cardinal Joyeuii
telling the King, the Court oi Rome was pofTeffed of this Opinion, that the late
Marefchal dik fujfer becaufe he was too good a Catholic k, whereas no Man faid
black is their Eye to fome of the Religion, as deeply tempred in that Ajfair as
he : He anfwered, he had begun with a Catholick, and would end with a Hu-
gonot. But it ever fareth thus with him, in his Abfence he is in 'Dijgrace, and
in Court no Man hath more appearance of Grace and Favour.

Here lately hath ben broken upon the Wheele alive ont Font ane lie, who in the
time of the League was Lieutenant of Bretaigne under Duke Mercwur. He had

5- T complotted

43 S MrWiii^ooDs Negotiation instance. BooklV.

yi^. i6oz. Gomplotted with the Spaniard, to deliver into his hands certaine Ports in that
Province; which the GzWits oi Spinola did confirm, who demanded for him at
Blauet.

Upon Wednefday lift the Count i^ij^^fe'r^;^^' was delivered out oii\\tBaJtile,
and at Zamefs Houfe, where the King then dined, prefented himfelf before him
mi his Knees. The King asked him in the Prefence of the Nobillity, what he
demanded? heanfwered, Tar don, and his Grace. The King, after fome paule,
faid, I graunt you both ; and fay to you as Cbriji faid to the Woman in the Gof-
pel, allez vous en ^ ne pechez plus, and fo raifed him up and embraced him;
which the Nobillity prefent afterwards did, every one in his rang. The King
then took him with him in his Coach to the Louvre, and the next Day a hunt-
ing, and fo he remains in Court as before. He firft acknowledged toMonfieur de
Woofny his fault by word of Mouth, and confefled that he had receaved by the
hands of the late Marefchal loooo Crowns in Specie oi Italic, which for fear of
Difcovery he fent to Avignon to be chatiged ; and that they both receaved the
Sacrament by the Hands o'i z Minime Vit^zx to difcover one the other. After-
Ward the King fent the Chancellier, and de Sillery, to take his Confeffion in
Writing, which containeth five Sheets of Paper. He hath as it is faid runne over
all thoafe who at the firft were nominated in this Practice, which Monfieuril/tf^-
penjier mifdoubting, hath humbled himfelf before the King, and demanding Par-
don on his Knees, hath obtained it. This is the fecond time that this Count hath
fallen into this keind; but hereby it appeareth how pote?it thefe Mediatrices are,
ijuho have interceded for him.

I underftand that a young Youth named Crocher, whofe Father is a Goldlinith
in London, who long hath ben a roaging on this fyde the Seas, is lately come out
oiSpaine and returned into England. He palTed by T>iepe, from whence I am
advertifed, that by fome Language he there iliould ufe, he did difcover, that du-
ring his aboad in Spaine, he did undertake fome Attempt againft your Honor's
Perfon *. This is a lame Advertizemenr, but Timidos mater nunquam plorat.

The King this Day is gone to St. Germains, as it is thought to bring Monfieur
le Dauphin to this Towne, to be prefent here at the fwearing of the Treaty,
which with the Suijfers is contra(5l:ed as well in his as in the King's Name,
whofe Deputies are expedted here the s^^ of the next. The Nomber of the Soul-
diers in Savoye do daily increafe, fo. that of Spaniards, Neapolitans, and of the
Country, there are loooo, and now are lately come downe 'yoo Maijires, (for
that is the Word of the Letters of the x 5* of the laft Month Stylo Novo) which
cannot be feawer then a 1000 Horle; and the Duke hath brought downe out of
Italic and "Piedmont twenty two Pieces of Cannon. Hereupon it is difcourfed,
and not without Reafon, that he doth purpofe fome Enterprize upon Geneva ; yet
the King here doth fear Lyons, the Moyetie whereof is compoled of Savoiards,
which he hath lately reinforced with a ftrong Garrifon, and given Commandment
to the Burgeois to keep Watch and Ward.

Whileft I was writing thefe, the Newes came of the Blow which Spinola
hath receaved; the due Reward of his Folly andTride. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mt\ Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts, 29* Sept. t6o-l. O. S.

EFORE thefe Letters can come to your Honor's Hands, two Moneths

\ will be pafled, and the third fomewhat advanced, fmce my Lord Ambafla-

dor's Arrivall into France. I hope therefore (which I humbly befeeche) that
her Majellie in her gracious FavQur will be pleafed to give ms leave to return;

th'e

Book IV. Mr.Wii^wooDs Negotiation in^mncQ. 43^

the rather, bccaufc I now remaine unprofitably here, unnccefTary for her Ser- ^j/ x6oz

vice, and unlcrvicabic to my Lord AmbafTador, who as having no need, hath .

had final ufc of my Prelcncc about him. Herein I crave your Honor's Favour,

to which I humbly fubmitt my fclf ; and if upon my return my longer abode fliall

feem convenient, I am at Commaundmcnt to be returned hither, and the abfence

of a feaw Dates from hence in this dead Seafon (which will give me the Happi-

nefs to kifs your Honor's Hands) will not prove ill imployed, whereby I may

deliver ibmcwhat, which in the time of my Service here. Pen and Paper have

not fpokcn. But I retourne to that Favour which ever I have receaved from your

Honor, and which whollie hath Power to difpofe of me. And fo I humbly take

my leave.

Tour Honor's in ain^nety

Immbley to be commaundedy

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr* Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

Hx-Winwood, \^^ Oeiober \6ot. '

Ecaufe you may know that your Letters of the (^*and 15* o{ September

' have been receaved, which came in the Packett of the AmbafTador, I have

lought good to write unto you thefe few Lines, thereby to let you know alfo
that herMajeflfc well alloweth your Dilligence, and requireth during the tyme
of your aboade, that you continewe the fame. For your aboade there, write
freely unto me your Mind, whether it be any way fo crols to your own particular
Fortunes as that you would be gladd to retourrie, for I will herein inclyne my
felf unto your owne AfFedions, as one to whom I wiih well, elpecially feeing
within a littell while Sir Thomas Tarry will be acqiiainted, and gather good Ex-
perience of the Place. This I write, not becaufe I have any Difpofition you
fhould be revoked, or becaufe your writing gives not very good Satisfadtion, but
rather as an Argument of my Care of you : And fo put an end of that matter. I
am gladd you have difpatched the Partie for the Low-Countries^ of whofe La-
bour wlren we fee the Fruits, we iliall be better able to judge of his Merit. In
the mean tyme, whatfoever Mony you have given order to disburfe, the fame Hiali
be anf-vvered in his due time. And fo I committ you to God.

From the Court Your loving Friend^ .

2it Oat lands. RO. CECYLL,

Becaufe you fliall fee my Letters to my Lord AmbafTador, I leave all other
Particulars, and the rather becaufe we have no News which you know nor. The
fix Gallies of Spinola are drowned and funk by our Shipps, faving one that faved
her felf in Calais. The States Army is in Garrifbn fmce Grave is taken. We
havf fome eight Shippes on the Coaft of S^paine, which cannot long tarry out.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honor able^ Tar is, 7* 0£l. 160%. O. S.

HE R E is lately arrived to this Towne the Landgrave of Hejfe. When he
departed from his home, he gave forth that his pourpofe was to travaile
into Italie, and to take his way through the lowermoft parts oi France. In^Dau-
J^hine he fpoke with Monfieur Lefdiguieres, who firfl advertized of his coming
to this Court from Marfeilles. There firfl making fliew of Alteration from his
Voiage into Italie^ he crofTed into Languedoc^ from whence in the way he paf-

fed

440 jMr. WiNwooD^i- Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Ail. i6qi. fed by Monfieur de la TremouUle^ and fo arrived to thisTowne the laflWeek.
Though he hath in his Conapany many Lords of great Quallitie, as the Count
Holloc, and one of the Houfe of Najfau^ with fuch others, yet he remains here
very private, and walks up and down flenderly followed, and moft commonly at-
tended only with one Man. He is now lodged the next Houfe to the Louvre^
which belongeth to Monfieur Monglats, to the end he may have accefs to the
King, and the King to liim, without palling through the Streets. He would be
content the World lliould beleeve, that the fame Caprice did move him to fee
France, which moved the Duke oi Wirt ember g in the Year of Jubilee to go to
Rome, which is the Caufe he is fo retired ; yet he is no more knovven, then the
Sun to give Light through a miftie Cloud at Noon-day. It is receaved, and fo
I am informed by them to whom he hath declared himlelf, that he is come to
tnake an Overture to the King from the JPrinces Proteftants of Germany, to con-
trad: with them a mutuall Alliance for the Maintenance of the Religion which
now they profefs, and the Confervation of their antient Liberties ; in which Li-
gue they do prelume her Majeftie will be pleafcd to enter, and in Confequence the
Kings oi Scotland -xo-di 'Denmark, the EJiats of the Vnited Provinces, and Duke
Charles of Sweden. To induce the King to this Alliance, he doth aflure him,
that the Princes Eledors will declare him at the next Diet King of the Romains,
againft the Archduke Albert, whom the Emperour doth deffeign to be his Suc-
ceflbr. To what IfTue this Negotiation will come may feeme doubtfull, yet the
Landgrave hath great Hope that the King will embrace his Overture, and fend
one expreffly to the Princes to treat this Alliance. He hath named Monfieur de
Calignon Chancellor of Navarre, but becaufe he is of the ReMgion, the King
doth hold Monfieur de Chamburg more proper, who being Cathonck and extract-
ed out of that Nation, may negotiate this Bufynefs with lefs Bruite, and if it
Ihall be evented, with lefle diftafte to the Tope, whom he is not willing to of-
fend.

But if this Trcatie take Place, your Honor can befl: judge what effeds will fol-
low, andif the fame Caufe s in the fame Subje5i, accompanied with the fame
Circumjlances, do ordinarily produce the fame ejfe6ts, it is likely hereby may a-
rife a ftrange Revolution in the Eft ate of Chriftendome, and in all Apparance
the Houfe of Auftria doth draw near his higheft, if not fartheft Periode, the Re-
batement of whole Pride, the Landgrave doth moft aim at; wherein this Crowne,
being the moft potential Inftrument lliall find this true, that quando Africa
piange Italia non ride.

The Adminiftrator of Strasbourgh (whofe Negotiation in the Forme he pro-
ceeded was communicated to the Cardinal of Lorraine his Adverlary, though
he treated only with the King and Monfieur de Villeroy,) receaving no other Sa-
tisfaction then good Words and fair Promifes, had taken his leave when the
Landgrave arrived; who fence hath retained him here, and doth follow his
Caufe with that earneft Affection, that he hath hope, that the King for earneft
of his fiiture Amitie will undertake his Protection upon this Reafon, that Leo-
pold, Brother to Ferdinando of Gratz, is to fucceed the Cardinal of Lorraine,
who ingroffing into his Hands the whole Eftate of the Billioprick of Strasburgh,
may at his Plealure pofiTefle himfelf of the Towne, and {o cut from France the or-
dinary and almoft only pafi"age into Germany.

Here is a great Difcourfe whether the Duke de Bouillon will come to the Court.
Yt is delyvered by them who beft do know it, that the Count de Auvergne
fmce his Enlargement, ihould fecretly repair to the Princefle of Orange, and ad-
vife her, as foe tendered the Life and Fortunes of the Duke, in dilligence to
advertize him not to come, for that the King was refelved criminally to proceed
againft him. The Chamber in the Baftile where de Biron was lodged, doth re-
maine ftill hang'd and furnilhed, which la Marquife told the laid Princefie, was
to entertaine one of her beft Friends. The Con ft able hath wi/hed that he were
at Sedan, where in all Extremities he ftoould find a backDoore. T^xq premier
Trefdent not many daies fence did fay, that he did fee nothing plainly in thefe

Proceedings^

Book IV. Mr. "^lawooDsNegotiatiOfiinlt ranee. 4^1

Trocced'ings, but the T)c/irc 'uhicb Monfieur de Rhofny had to marry the T)uke An. i6oz.

dc Bouillon '■juith the MarcfchalV Fortune: Which he ipakc rhc rather, bccaufe

the King, (upon the Relufall of the Parlament to condemn Hibbert rhc Maref-

chal's Secretary) hath taken from tliat Court the CognoifTancc of Caufes de

crime de leze Majejlc, and conferred it upon the Grand Conn/ail. The French

Proverb laieth on ne prend point les Lievres wvec le Tambour \ yet the jMarel-

chal had as fair Warning, and who knows whether there be not Jbme Artifice in

this to keep the T>Hke^ from coming; cither that thereby his Ccnt^macie may

condemn e him in the 'yndgment of the World., and fo the ji ing have more jiifl

Caufe to be inccnfed againji him ; or that it is wijhed he fl)oiUd ahjent hmifelf,

untilL the Eti'vie of the MarcfchaVs 'Death be blo-jven over. The King doch

charge him, that the lad Year in December (when he went into Brabant about

the Arbitrament between the Duke d' Efpinoy and the Count Liigy,) he then

did treat with the Count Soare and the Duke of Arfcott^ and did undertake to

induce the States to a Teace, or zlong Truce, for which Office he did then fli-

pulatc for himfcif 400000 Ducats. The King doth take Exceptions againfl: this;

Firll, that the Duke did intend that Peace, t^oat the Spaniard might have more

leifure and libertie to invade him : Then, that at that time he had a TraBice

upon Artois, it'hich the Duke did know and difcover-, and diverted the princi-

pall Favourers of this Dcjfeign from entertaining Intelliger.ee with him

The Deputies of the Suijfes arrived here on Monday : There are two and for-
ty for the Grifons and other Commonalties to joyne in this Ligue ; only the
Canton of Zurich^ though content to be a Friend to this Crowne, will not be
bound by Treaty, but doth remaine in Freedom and Liberty. Yefterday they
had accejfe to the King. The Chancelleir did feaft them; from whofe Houfe to^
the Louvre the Duke d' Eguillon did condud: them to the Louvre -Gate. Mon-
iieur Monpenfier did there receive them, and brought them to the Entrance of
the Great Hall-, where the Count Soiffbns the Grand Maifire, did entertaine
them, and accompanyed them to the Ante Chambre, where the Prince of Conde
did meet them and prcfented them to the King; who did attend them in his
Chambre which here is c?.lled la Doree in the greateft State. This Day they
are gone to St. Germain to vifTit Monfieur le Dauphin. On Sonday the King
doth fwear the Treaty to the Cantons Catholick in the Morning, and in the Af-
ternoon at Evenfong to thofe of the Religion in our Ladies Church. And fb
hoping by your Honor's Favour to be the Meflenger of the next, I humbly take
my leave.

Tour Hollar's in all Duetie humbly to be commaunded,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr, Secretary Cecyll.

Ri^ht Honorable, Taris, ij^^ OEiober i6oz. O. S.

"'HIS Morning Charles Taget came to my Lodging, and enquired of me?
whether by your laft your Honor did take notice of the Receipt of his
Letter, which lately he fent inclofed in my Packet. I anfwered, your lafl Let-
ters did onlv concern fome particular Matters which were fent by an extraordina-
ry Poft, but by the next it might very well be your Honor would fignify fome-
thing which might give him Contentment, and fo he departed, as I might well
perceive, ill fatisfyed. In the Afternoon towards the Evening, he found me a-
gaine at my Lodging, and after fome Speech to this purpole, that though his
Services were negled:ed, and that that neglect might breed an Alteration in his
Duty and AfTedtion, yet having taken fome Years fmce the Refolution to fpend
the Remnant of his Life in that duetifuU Alleagance which a faithfuUSubjedt ought
to bear his Prince and Countrie, whereby tho' no other worldly Comoditie did
arife, yet his Confcience Ihould receave the Comfort thereof, he would fuffer

5 U nothing

Mr.WiJ^wooDs Negotiation in France. Book IV.

nothing to come to his Knowledge, which might concern her Majeflie's Perfori
and Srare, which he would not dilcoverj and fo related, that he had receaved an
Information, that about the 1 1* Day of Augtift laft there departed from Rome an
Englijhjefuite^ whole Name he knoweth'not, of the Age of thirty Years, a
Man of a good Falliion, of a fanguine Complexion, a yellow Beard, ofa full and
quick Eye and middle Stature ; who furniflied by the Spanijh Ambajfador with
a Somme of Mony, did take his Courfe towards England, with ptirpofe there
to attempt againjl her Majefiie's Terfon. He made much difficulrie to name
his Author ; but becaufe I urged Sir James Lindfey, who within thefe two days
arrived to this Town from Rome, he acknowledged him to be the Man, but {o
that I would promife to conceal his Name. As he faith, Sir James Lindfey hath
feeu the Man, who paHlng by him on a time when he was walking with Tar- ^
fills the Jefuite, Tarfins will'd him to behold him well, and asked whether if
he Jhould meet that Man in England, he would take him for a Jefuite. I
Jhould much fail in Tiifcretion^ but much more in Uuty.y not to advert ife this^
though I have this AJftirance, that the powerfuU Hand of God will ever
proteB her f acred Terfen, againft all difoyall T radices of Fury and Malice.
Howlbever this Advertilement may prove, yet yf your Honor Ilia! I be pleaf^
ed to give my Lord Ambaflador CommilTion to bellow upon him fome gracious
Words, his Lordlliip may receave the Fruit thereof by many kind and friendly
Curtefies. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, &c.

RALPH WiNWOOa

Mr. Win wood to Air. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Taris^ i8*0<f?. i5oi. O. S.

TH E particular Care wherewith your Honor doth vouchlafe to affedionat^
the good of ray poore Eltare, (which fo high and undeferved Favour I ever
do acknowledge With the lerviceable Devotion of a gratefull Spirit,) doth embol-
den me againe to prefent to your Honor's Conllderation my humble Petition for
my Return 5 wherein I do cheefly refpe6t the Advancement of her Majeflies Ser-
vice, when as all Stay more then neceflatie, mull grow dillaftfull to m.y Lord
Amballador, whofe Honor in this Court, though 'twill ever be maintained by the
Merit of his Worth, yet much doth relye upon Reputation. To your Honor's
Letters of the firft of this Month, with the Acknowledgement of an eternal Ob-
ligation, I anfwer that I am your only Creature, to whole Judgment I fuibmit the
Courle of my Fortunes. The Experience of this Place wherein now fometime I
have ferved, doth make me know what fujfciency is required ijt forreign Im-
ployments, and withall to acknowledge myne own Wantes and Imperfecftions, {o
that to afFe6t fo great a Charge were meer Prefumption : Yet not to embrace with
duetifull Regard what her Majeflie fliall be pleafed to conferr upon me, were not
to exprels with lively Gratitude her gracious Acceptance of my former Endea-
vours, nor thofe Favours whereby your Honor hath enabled me hetherto to pals
without Dilgrace. My Ambitions are not greater, then to he reputed worthey
to ferve my Trince and Countrey, (the Comfort whereof how great it is, my
Soul doth teftify within me,) which whether it be at home or abroade, I hold not
different, in the Service of fo gracious a Soveraign, ivho dayly regarding with
the Eye ofrefpe^i the Travails of her Servants, doth vouch fafe to vallew them,
iiot according to the JVaight of their Worth, but to the Meafure of her Grace
and Bounty, And fo, .^r=

' . /■ Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD»

Mr. Win-

Book IV. MrWiif^'^ooDsNegotiatmimVrd.ncQ, 443

^7t. 16 01,

Mr. Winwood to Mr: Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Tarts, xo^^OSf. i6oz. O. S.

BY the means of the ylmbaffador o^ Scotland I have fpokcn with the Partie
this Morning, from whom he rcccavcd the Advcrtilcmcnt which I icnr by-
Mr. Bridges the 19^'^ of the lafl: Month. He avcrreth the fame by many Prorcfta-
tions to be trcw ; and addcth moreover, that Tarfins did very earncltly and of-
ten deale with him to receave that Man into his Company, whom above all o-
thcr Marks he notcth to have a high Nofc, and to pafs him through Scotland in-
to England. I find by him, that the Jcfuits for their Countenance, have re-
courfe to the Duke of Seffe, but for their Affairs and Pradiccs to one Antonio
Taxis, authoriied there by the King of Spaine. By the Opinion he makes, that
Company doth decay much in Reputation in that Place, and Tarpms is ecryed
for an Jmpoftnre. Only the Fadtion for Spayne doth llipport them, where fo
long they arc gracious, as they by their Projects do nourilh the Ambinon of their
Pride, and augment the Fury of Revenge, wherewith they wafte and comume
away: And tho' their Forces do faile, (which are brought to a \ov^ thh) yet
their Malice hath neither Bottom nor Brink. This 'Boint is only left them^
wherein I referr my felf to the Favour of your Honor's Judgment and Wiidom.
Though I am not bound to believe all I hear, yet I am l^ound to relate what I
beleeve not. 'DefeBs ofDifcretion, by the Batronage of your Honor's Favour
are venial \ but the lea ft Efcape ofDuetye, at the mrre of myne own Judg-
ment, can fuffer no milder Sentence then of eternall Condemnation. And lo
for this time I humbly take my leave, ^c.

Tour Honor's, See.

RALPH WiNWOOa

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, Baris, x%^Oct. i6ox. O. S.

'~|~^HESE Letters which lay fo little do plead much for my returne, and ia

i this Seafon which followeth, what can be expeded of any great Worth?
The Landgrave hath receaved great Honor in this Coutt, where he hath beea
treated by the King, entertained for his Penfioner for ixooo Crowns a Year,
made Colonell General! of the Forces in Germa7ue, (which Place Jehan Guil-
laume de Saxe heretofore hath held) and at his Departure was prefented with aa
Enfeigne of between 3 and 4000 Crowns. He hath left behind him the Reputa-
tion of a worthy Brince, one who is of good Bre fence and a gracefull Behavi-^
our, of a free, open, and tinder ft anding'Difc our fe, well ftudyed, well lavgna-
ged, and fo far delighted with our Englilh, that he both fpeaks and writes yt.
He is nothing touched with the Vice of his Country, and lb earneft for the Re-
ligion, that here they call his Zeal, Baffion. This Note is cad upon him, that
he knows himfelfnot to be of the ordinary Mould of his Country, which makes
him to be fe arching and diving into all Affairs; not out of a d.efke of Knowledge
fo much, as from a biify and overweening Humour.

In the Ceremonie for the Treatie with the Suijfers (which was obferved with
great Solemnity) this only is worth the Obfervance, That the Spanijh Ambafla-
dor, though invited, ablented himfelf from thence, whofe Eyes had not patience
to fee fuch a Morfell to pafs by his Mafter's Mouth. In his lafl Audience ^
which was Sonday lafl, I underfland he follicited that the Galley which faved her
felf within the Haven of Calais, might have Permiffion to depart from thence,
which the King hath granted.

"^ ^ What

44+ MnWinvwoDsNegoiiaiiofiinVtincc. Book IV.

y2'^. i6o±. What I lately advertifed of Monfieur Monpenfier-, Monfieur de Rhofny is the
Author; which when it was done only before his Uncle the Cardinal Jojeux, it
is eafie to fee out of whofe Mouth he Ipakf^ k. - -

Monfieur de Bouillon hath written, to the King, that he will be here by the end
of the next Month. Hh Friends think he jhalL be beji, to be ever a comingy
and never to come. The Opinion holds. ftrohg,' that the King doth purpofe to
make the Chambre d'Edi[f, in the late MarefihaVs, Lodging in the Baftile, tho'
upon no Other reafon, yet to fatisfye the Party CiitholiqUe. And fo, fSc.

Tour Honofs, &c.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr'. Secretiiry Cecyll to Mr. Winwood;

il/r. Winwood, ^^ Nov. i6o%,

I Have perufed both your Letters and imparted them to the Queen, whereirf
her Majeflie noteth yourZeale andDifcretionin the matterjadvernfcd by (123)
the Ambaffador t?/' Scotland, having given that convenient Order that is fittefl in
the Cafe, for all the Ports are laid for him, and all fufpedied iplaces of Landinge.
I pray you, Sir, upon your next Accefs to the Kinge upon fome other matter, let
him know, that where he hath done me the Honor to write unto me a Letter of
his own Hand, contayning his favourable Opinion of me, and his Thanks for
doing good Offices between both Princes, I have entreated you to do this Office
for me: Firft, to excufe my Silence in not making an Anfwere by writing to him,
defyring his Majeflie to conceave, that I have not fo little common Senfe as to
forbeare to exprefs my Thankfullnefs by a Letter for the Honor he hath done
me, out of Ignorance how well it would become me in Reverence fo to do ; but
only, that it is not the CuJIome here for Men that hold my T'lace, to pre fume
to anfwere forraigne Trinces with Letters ; otherwife you may aflure him,
that when I confider how much I owe him as a great and mighty Prince, dear to
my Miflrefs, and one who did me fo many Honors when I was implo3^ed to-
wards him ; the Thanks which he hath vouchfafed to beftow upon me for my
great defyre to preferve the Amitie to the bed of my Power, are rather new
Burthens to ftie then Favours, untill it may be my Fortune by fbme humble Ser-
vice to deferve both the precedent Favours when I was there, and thele which I
acknowledge to have received, in his vouchfafing to exprefs Thankfulnefs where
I have merited nothing extraordinary, except it hath bin in feeking to preferve
the Amitie to which my Duty tyed me, and in being poflefied with earnefl
Wiflies, that \t might be my fortune to receave his Commandments, which I re-
iblved falvojure always to perform, but yet had never means to ffiew it by ef-
fedt. In this fort (upon fome accident of refort) I pray you Ipeak unto him,
and withall let fa:II tinto him, that if I knew that his Majeflie had any Affedioa
to any of our Dogges, Hawkes, or any fuch like things which this Couutrey
yeelds, I Would thank you to make me acquainted with his Majeilie's Plealure,
that I might be his Agent to procure them ; I having Ibmetimes debauched his Am-
baffador with flich Exerciles. Now you know my Meaning, which is but to re-
turn Complement to a complementall Letter, (which I think his Ambaflador pro-
cured, to make me more diligent,) I leave the reft to your Difcretion.

Concerning your returne, howfoever her Majeflie fliall refolve of your Imploy-
ment for the Low-Cotmtries, whereof as yet there is not Certayntye, becaufe I
fee by your Letters that you defyre to be at hoame, I will not fayle to urge it as
much as I can ; only I could wifli that you might be able to bring fbme certayntie
what we iliall get this Year of the French Kinge, to make you at firft moxe wel-
come. And fo for this time I committ you to God.

From the Court Tour very loving Friendy

^i Richmond. RO. CECYLL.

, il/r. Winwood

Book IV. Mr. Win WOOD V Negotiation in France,

'cb"

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cccyll.

Right Honorable^ Taris, 9* Nov. i6ox. O.S.

MY Lord AmbalTadbr undcrftanding that the Pofl did recainc certaiuc Let-
ters in his Hands, which how much they might import he doth not
know, hath gccvcn him Commaundment to depart, and withail permitted me to
plaie the Interloper, both that the prelent Occurrences do not require an ex-
prcfs Difpatch, and that from Fonntatnbleau (whether all AmbafTadors are fum-
moned) he cxpedeth a fpeedy Subjedl, and more worthy of his Letters.

After long merchandizing between the King and the Baron de Luz, the King
unwilling to grant him greater Grace then a fafe Condui£f to come and retornej
he precilely infilling upon an ab/blute Abolition, which at length he receaved by
the Prefident Jeannin, accompanied with him, arrived to the Court fome fifteen
Days fmce. He there was mued up for fome Days, in the fame place and man-
ner as de la Fin before had been at Eajier laft. Sence he hath been in this Town
attending on the King, though otherwile much retired; not of fliame to ihew
himfelf, for from his Infancy he hath been nfed to thefe Treacheries., but either
not trufted by the Kinge to converfe in all Companies, or miftrufting his own
Safetie, which lyeth open to the Envy of many great Terfonages, whofe Honors
to fave his own., he hath not ffared. The King doth hold himfelf fully fatif-
fyed with his Relation, and protefteth, * that for a miilion of Gold he wold not
but have recalled him; for it feemeththat he hath dx^covQxtd the Caball of thefe
Treajbns, delivering xh^ originall Letters written by the Hands of the King of
Spaine to the late Marefchal, and impeaching {o many, that it is eajier to name
•who is not, then who are (in the EJiimation of the fVorld) heldTartakers in
this Complot.

Monfieur d'Aumont being lately returned from the Franche Comte, (where it
feemech he had fome fecret Conference with the Prince oi Orange who there doth
live retired,) made an Overture to the King of fome Enterprize in thofe Parts;
which he finding not to be apprehended, follicitted the PrincefTe oi Orange (who
now is taking her Voiage into Holland) to profecute that Affair with the Kinge,
The Kinge anlwered, he coldreceave nothing from the Mouth <?/" d'Aumont, who
was embarked with the reft in this Confpiracy, and who is . (faid he) yf not by
TraStize, yet by Trivitie and Confent. Monfieur de Traflin, one of the Cap-
taines of the Guards, is now ferit into Borgogne, for the Apprehenfion of lome
fulpedted Perfons, and the Marefchal Briffac Lieutenant oi Bretaigne, hath late-
ly fent to the Baftile, Mombarreau Governor of Renez. This is the Stran-^
ger, for that during the Ligue he ever maintained the Reputation of a good Pa-
triot and faithfull Subjed;, and fence of anhoneft and upright Man. Himlelf is
not oi the Religion, which his only Son doth profefs, and wherein his other
Children are inftruded. His Difgrace is much lamented, to whofe Refolution is
attributed the Redudion of Bretaigne, which the Duke Mercosur did promife
to himfelf to difinember from this Crown. I cannot learn that he is charged
with greater matter, then that by fome Letters found about Fontanelle, he is fuf-
peded to have held Intelligence with him in his Pra6tizes ; and that yt is faid he
did procure Fontanelle's Head to be taken down in the Nightj which by Com-
maundment from the King was fet up upon the Gates of Renez. There are de-
puted certaine Majle^-s of the Requefts to take his Examination^ and ro ma^^e
Rapport thereof to the Grand Coimfeil. His Friends do fear^ that his heavieil

* Mathieu in his Cronslogie Septenmre (pag. 311. h.) gives US the very fame Account. But de Sully gives

another turn to this Affair, and fays, II embaraffa beaucoup de Gens, defcouvrit plufieurs dejjeim, dont

H y en avoit de bien •values, acaifa ptujieurs performed qui n'en out jamais rieit fceu, <y aujquels le Roy n'enfill
jamais pire chere, zrc. From whence it may probably be inferred, he concurred with U Fin in his Intof-
mation, and might difcover fomethiiig to his I»;/«(ix'«»w«. .,

SX Charge

44^ Mr.WiNWooDj NegofMwn in France. Book IV.

An. i6oi. Charge will be the T) is favour of the Marefchal Brifac, who ever hath been his
J formellEnemie.

The Adminifratbr of Strasbiirgh in his return pafilng by Trqyes in Cham-
paigne^ where he lodged ; the Morning after, aLigue from theTowne, was ar-
refted in the way by the Fermiers df the Doilane, his Baggage feazed , and his
Goffers rifled, and fuch Money, and whatever elfe of Valew he had, was taken
from him; though he Ihewed his Paflport figned by the Kitig, and juftifyed by
an Exempt of the King's Guards, who was fent to be his Guide and Gondudor.
Yt is not doubted but thefe Men wete apofted by the Cardinal of Lorraine to
give him this Affront ; yet if exemplary Juftice be not di)ne for this Infolencie, yt
will be prefumed, that from hence it was,, yf not commanded^ yet favoured and
abetted. We here have had a ftrong Aflurance, tTiat Buda in Htm^ary Ihould
be taken by the Emperor, but I fear the News is too good to be trewe. The
Priefts Appellants to Rome are rerarh^d, though not yet arrived to this Town.
tFhe Difference between them and the Jefuites is accorded, according to the Co-

fiie of tire Bulle which herewith I lend your Hoiior. And fo 1 hutnbly take my
eave, ^c. .'■■- ■■. .,_ ■ h: .

Tour Honor's iff^&lifiButit'huinbly to be commandedi

\. ,.. V, . , , RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr.^'mv^Qo^ td Mr, Secretary Cqc'^W.

Right Honorable^ ^dris, 26* Nov. l6o^. O. S.

I Have obferved in fbme of my forrriier ^d®» kniverfall hath ben the hife£iioti
of thefe late Tra^i&es againft this State-., wherewith, as mod of the Pro-
vinces are known to be touched more or lefs, fo, many great Terfonages, at the
firft little fitjpe£ied, are found now dangeroujly to be tainted. And then I ad-
vertized, that de Trajlin (one of the Captaines of the Guards,) was gone forth
with his Archers for the Apprehenfion of fome fuipedted Perfons ; amongil
whom, one Gttyenvelle a Bourgoignon in la Franche Comte., and one Goage a
Follower of the late Duke of Guife, are brought Prifoniers into this Town.
This Tartie, being charged to have lately made certaine fecret Levies of Men in
the Confines of Bourgoigne zhA Champaigne, confefled, that he receaved Cbm-
miffion to that ptirfoje from the 'Prince Joynville ; who hath acknowledged
frankly to the King, that during the Time of his 'Difgrace, the King of Spayne
did often recherch him, whofe Offers he did not refnfe\ but fence that he was
received into favour., he hath abafidoned allTntelligence with Spaine, on fur -
pofe wholly to adhere to the King's Service. Some feaw Dayes the Matters Q3
tefled, then this young Prince did brave the Baron de Luz in the King's Cham-
ber, threaning Revenge, and provoking the othtx to declare him fe If \ lo now he
is reftrained of his Liberty, and comitted to the Cuftodie of his Brother ih
"Duke., who hath lodged him in the Hojieloi Guife. It is faid that he hath re-
ceaved large Sommes from Spaine., for whofe Services he hath now undertaken
(and now was at the Point to performe) great Matters ; into whofe Hands at
Jeaft he made fliew he had means to deliver amongft other Towns, Vitri and
St. "Defer in Champaigne. The Trefident Jeannin is faid to be fent to the
Duke de Maine (who now is it Soiffons) to retorne to the Court, and to bring
With him his two Sons the Duke d' Efgtiillon, and the Count Sommery. Their
long Abfence from the Court hath ben ftrange, (the Elder being the only Mini-
on of the King.,) which was imputed for want of Mony ; but the contrary is
found, for it feems they have had more then well they can juftifie., who are
charged to have touched the T>oublo7is of Spaine, and in no final quantity.

We now are come to the Grifis of this long Difcourfe, concerning the Duke
of Bouillon^ comming or not comming, and lliortly ffiall fee what will be the
I/Tue thereof The King hath lately fent a Vallet of his Chamber named Gui-

chard.

Book IV. Mr.W ii^\vooB\9 Negotlafio?i mVrancQ. 44.7

chardy with Letters to him to haftcii his coming, but principally to efpie his jl^ i^oi.
Anions., and to fiund his Rcfolutions. The Duke retained him in his Houfe not
above an hour, but returned him to the Kint; with this Anfwer by Letter, Thai
upon the 1 6''> of this Month according to our Style, he wold (ct tbrward toward
the Court: Vet here is no News of him; and his bcjl Friends do isjijh, that he
jhonld forbear a ivhile, untill this Storm be blo"j!;cn over ; and rather ftibmit
his Reputation to the Ccnfiire of the florid, '■jvhich the Integrity of his Inno-
cence Jhall have 'Poivcr to rceJiabliJJ?^ then to render his Life into the Hands of
thofe 'xhofe 'Difpleafure is implacable, and fo the Fanlt which be jhall therein
make, irreparable. There arc many apparent Arguments, that yf he comes, his
'T)oom is already ^eevcn. The PafTages, though not all, for that is very diffi-
cillc, yet the moft, and mofl ordinary between his Houfc and Sedan, are ftopc
and guarded. The King hath purpofely commanded the Agent of the States to
informe his Mafters, how far he is entangled m thefc Pradtices, thereby to wea-
ken the good Opinion which he holdeth with them, and with the Count Maurice.
Monficur de Rhofny doth profefs himfelf his formall Adverfary, and in all
Places and Companies doth talk of him, as of a bafe and unworthcy Companion;
and which is moft confiderable for this particular Inftance, the Cognizance of
Qx'vixxz.'i, de Lez,e Majefl(^ is taken from the Tarlament, and conferred upon the
Grand Counfeil ; which is compoled of Mafters of Requefts, which are Hire-
lings and mercenary Advocates, at the 'Devotion rather of Authority, then of
the Jujlice of the Caufe. The Religion doth begin to take the Matter to Hearty
and do thus interpret this Proceeding; that their Adverfaries are willing through
his fides to wound their Caufc, and to the end to give but one blo'-Ji; for all, to
Jirike at the Head of their Body ; for Monfieur de la Tremouille, by the Indif-
pofition of the Gout is impuiffant and unable; Lefdefguieres is now in his de-
clining Age, and befides homo novus, and laflly feated in the remote Partes of
this Reaime, within which compafs his Reputation is confined. The Duke's
Friends give forth, that thefe Imputations are laid upon him ; that he ihould
have Foreknowledge of the late Marefchal's Difcontents and Purpofes to rile
up in Arms, and for his better Pretext ftiould counfeil him to urge the EftabliHi-
ment of the Councill oiTrent, and the Revocation or Modification of the EdiH
for Religion, which the Baron de Luz doth affirm, not out of his own know-
ledge, but by hear fay from de Biron. The Count de Auvergne doth charge him,
that he fliould nourilli him in Difcontents againfl the King and his State, and pra-
drife with him to attempt upon ^^Conte o^ Avignon; about which Matter one
Comblat two Years fence was imprifoned at Lions, and did negotiate between
them. Comblat for many Daies together, (and confronted with Auvergne) de-
nyed that ever he negotiated any other Matter between them, then the Marriage
of his Son with the Duke's Daughter ; but now he hath learned another Lejfouj
and juftifyeth all the Count of Auvergne'j- Accufations. By th' end of this
Week, if the Duke come not, we lliall underftand in what Terms he refolveth
to ftand; either upon his Guard, at his HovikmTurene, (which is ftrongly feat-
ed and fortifyed, and as well appointed for Men, Viduaill, and Munition,) or
whether he will endeavour to retire to Sedan: The RetraiSi is dangerous, but
the Place fo good, that he will make his Teace, if once he get thither, upon
even hand. I am going now to Fountainbleau to fee the Catafirophe of this
Affair, where I lliall have the Comoditie to performe your Honor's Command-
ment of the 4* of this Month, which I receaved the xi^. I prefume to take
hold upon your Honor's Favour for my Returne at the Ihutting up of the Eftate
for this Year, for then will be knowen the Somme and Times when her Majeftie
fliall receive her Money. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOa

Mr. Secre*

44^ Mr.W iT^y^ooBs Negotiation inVranct. Book IV.

^«. i6oz.

Mr, Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

il/r.Wiiiwood, ^'^ 7)ec. i6oi.

IH AV E little at this time neceflary for a Letter to you, faving only to let
you know that I have received yours of the if* of November^ for which I
thank you ; and though my meaning is not either to condemn Tinfouy or to
throw any Imputation upon you for nameing him, feeing myne own Diredtion
hath ben the Continuance of his Entertainment, and that I know it is hard for
Men at the firft Entrys to fettle themfelves in good means of Difcovery, yet when
you may without perrilling him, yt were not amifs that you did make him un-
derftand, that I find but little favor in any thing he advertizeth.

Wee now long to heare the Succels of the Duke of Bouillon ; the Ijfue of
whofe Fortune will be read in his fir fi a5i ofcoming,or refiifing it, to the King ;
both of them in my Opinion being very perillousj confidering how great a touch
and wound that manner of fending for him is to his Reputation and to his Mind ;
of whofe Fortune, and the Progrels of his Caufe, I pray you remember my Lord
Ambaflador to advertize with Ipeede, as it is carried in one Degree or other. I
pray you alfo remember my Lord Ambaflador (becaufe I have forgot it in my
own Letter) that he do not fuffer this time of the Year (wherein the King's Fi-
nances are ordered) to pafs on, without expofliulating that Satisfadlion, which
hath ben aflured both by the King's Ambafl!ador himfelf here, and otherwile ; for
which he may ufe this Argument, that it were better her Majeflie were never pro-
mifed, then ftill to find their Promifes fruitlefs, which is both fhew of mifpris,
and breedeth Diforder in her Affairs, which have their Dependancy in their Order
upon fuch ExpetStations. And thus for this time I committ you to God's Pro-
tedlion.

From the Court Your 'very loving Friend,

^i Whitehall. RO. CECYLL.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

tlight Honorable, Taris, z^ T>ec. i6ox. O. S.

IN my Letters of the x6* of the lafl I advertized, that the Duke of Bouillon
in his to the King had promifed to depart from Turene towards the Court
the i6* of the fame, about which time he fent a Breviat to all the Pofts that
way, to keep ready their Horfes for him and his Company as far as Orleans,
and that there he would refolve to take the way to Fount ainbleau or to 'Faris.
This put the King in afTurance of his coming, but when he mofl looked for him,
he received a Letter from one Chambret a Gentleman of that Country, that the
Duke accompanied with ten Gentlemen well appointed, and as many Arquebu-
fiers a Cheval had pafl^ed by his Houfe, and communicated to him his pourpofe
to goe to Cajires, where the Chambre of the Edi5t for the Refort of the Parla-
ment of Thouloufe is eftablillied, there to juftify the Loyalty of his Duetie and
Service, (which by many falfe Accufations malicioufly had ben charged) before
that Court, which he acknowledged to be his file and coinpetent Judge. * The
Duke himfelfe did write to the King to that purpofe, but willed his Secretary
(who remains in this Court for his Service) not to deliver his Letter untell the
Chambre of Cafires fhould advertize of his coming. But the Secretary (as it
feemeth, fearing the like Treatment o/Hibbert Secretary to the late Marefichal-,)

* This Letter (of which there is a Copy amongft Sir TLalph JVinwofd's Papers) is printed at large in
Mathitu's Cronologit Septenaire, g;c. p^S 3^3. b. Edit. Paris, S*"".

delir

Book IV. ikfr.WiNvvooD*^ Negotiation i?i France. 4 4.^

delivered the Letters as foon as he had received them, which might have turn- /i^^ i6o^>
ed to the great I'rcjudicc of his Maftcr. This Rcfblurion did and doth much
trouble the King, and put them all unto their trumppes; for though Order was
taken to impeach his PafTage to Sedan both by Sea and Land, (for it was mii-
doubtcd that he would imbark himfclf at Rochell-,) yet no Man dreamed of this
Evafion, iz^hercby he hath VL'Ound hinifelf out of their Hands. Which in con-
fcquence will advilc the King, (without carting his State into a delperat Confu-
flon,) not only to condcfcend to an accord., hut to make him fhfficietit Reparation
of his Honour; for this his lawfull Defence, however it is milliked cannot be re-
fufed him, without Violation of the Edi6t for the Liberty of Religion, which
wold engage in this particular the common Caufc : For '-jvhen a Terfonage of his
Worth and To'juer, cannot enjoy the 'Priveledge of the La'-jv for the 'Defence
of his Life and Honor, vjhat Securitie can all other of meaner fort promife to
themfelves ? Much lefs can they hope long after to enjoy the Freedom of their
Confcience, which "s^ith fo great difficultie at fir ft was eftablijhed; and as with-
out Support, will hardly be maintained, fo once abollijhed will never be reco-
•vered.

I fend herewith the Conference of the EdiEis, whereby your Honour may
make Judgment whether the Chambre hath Power to take Cognifance of Caufes
de leze Majefte; which though it hath never been pradized, (for the like Cafe
hath not happened,) yet by all thofe who have Intereft therein, is fo interpreted
and receaved. Upon the firfl Advice, Order was geven to difpatch into- all Pro-
vinces with Iharp and vehement Proteftations againft the Duke's Faith and Loyal-
ty ; which Monfieur de la Tremottille underftauding, pcrfvvaded the King to a
more temperate Moderation: Remonftrateing, that as yet, in the Termes all
thincrs did (land, thefe Differences might be accommodated to the Satisfadlion and
Honor of his Majeftie ; but if the Duke Ihould be driven to take defperate and
violent Courfes, which the Extremitie of his Proceedings did enforce, this ne-
cefTarily wold engender a Combuftion within his Eftatc; which the Enemies of
his Crowne did only attend, thereon to build the Advancement of their own Def-
feigns. Hereupon flay was made of thofe Difparches, and others, cohceaved in
a more moderate Style, were fent into all Parts, efpecially where the Religion is
moft flrong; which the King hath thought good to accompany with Men of the
fame Trofejfon, luch as are bed reputed for their fufficiency, and afFedtion to
Quietnefs and Repofe. So Monfieur de la Force (Brother in Law to the late
Marefchal and one of the Captaines of the Guards,) is fent into Guienne ;
St. 'Julian, a Prefident of the Chambre de Contes at Grenoble, to Monfieur Lef
defguieres into 'Dauphine; Momnartin a Gentleman of that Country, into
Toi^ou-., and the Duke's Secretary, to Monfieur de Tlejfis; partly to let him
underftand how well he Hands in the King's Favour, (though many Informations
have ben prefented that he held a part in thefe Pradices,) partly to ask his Ad-
vice what Courfe fliall be taken in this Cafe without giving Offence to the Reli-
gion; the State whereof he doth purpofe to uphold, untouched, and inviolable.
The King was willing to remove the Secretary from the Court upon this Lnploy-
ment, when moll his Prefence was neceffary for his Mailer's Service, and the Se-
cretary was willing to accept fuch a CommilTion, which might give him pretext
of Abfence, in a time of fo great and affured Danger.

\]^on Monday Night there arrived at the Court a Lakey from the Duke with
Letters to the King ; fignifying his being at Caftres, and praying that all Infor-
mations againft him might be fent thither, and the WitnefTes to be confronted.
Yt is not known what he will do, whether ftay there, or elfe returne into 21;^-
rene; or, which moft is wiilied, pafs to Sedan; which may be done if he pafS
the River ol Rofne, and fo enter into Sniffer land, and fo through part ol Germa-
ny ; or into the Franche Comte, and the Confines oi Lorraine. Yt is riot thought
that the King will fo much yeeld, to fuffer the Caufe to be tryed at Caftres; but
the Opinion is, that at the end (and the Iboner the better) the Matter may be
peaceably accorded: The "Difficnltie will be in the Means, that neither the

5 Y Sove-

r. Win WOOD J Negotiation in France. Book IV.

Soveraignty of the King be abafed, Mr the Honor of the "Duke be defamed^ by
acknowledging a Fault or demanding Tardon., to which no Man thinks be will
be induced.

The Prince Joynville fence my laft hath been abroad, but attended on by an
Exempt of the Guards. Though we fay, that four or five Nights together be-
fore his Reftraintjhe was obferved to repair to the Spanijh Ambaflador's Houfe at
unfeafonable Hours, about eleven or twelve. Monfieur Mombarreau is now up-
on his Difpatch to be AmbafTador Ordinary in Spaine^ where he doth purpofe to
be by th' end of the next Month, The FortrefTe oi Montmelian hath receaved
a Garrifon of Spaniards, which doth aboad fometbing which yet is not knowen.

Upon Monday laft I had the Commoditie to prefent to the King thofe humble
Reverences, which your Honor did command me to deliver. Yt pleafed him
gracioufly to accept them, and in many Words to make knowen, how accep-
table unto him was the Tefimony of his AmbaffadOr^ both for thefe particu-
lar Curtejies which he in private hath received from your Honor^ and for thofs
kind Offices, which his Service doth doyly find by your Favour. For both he
doth promife a very gratefuU Remembrance, and an AfTurance of his Love and
kindeft Affedtion, with the like Concurrence of the latter by himfelf and his Mi-
nifters ; which Monfieur de Villeroy did entreat me on his part to promile, and
with many Proteftations, more then ordinary and in greater Fervency, doth aflure
fliall be perfourmed. Your Honor cannot err in any choice of Prefent to the
King; Acceptijfima femper munera fimt., Author qua pretiofa facit : But his
Delight is moft in Hunting, and the Irijh T)ogg is much here in Requeft.

This Day I came from Fount ainbleau, where I left the Prince of 'Pomerania,
who is come to fee this Court. To morrow we look for the King in this Towne,
and on Satterday the Queen. And fo, ^c.

Tour Honoris, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

SIR, 'December i6o%.

nr^ H E French AmbafTador hath in the King his Mafter's Name, acquainted
§ her Majeftie with the Cafe of the Duke oi Bouillon, upon the Confefllons
which he faith have been made of the Matters which touch him in his Loyalty ;
and he hath delivered to her the Copy of a Letter of the Kings, whereby he is
commaunded to come to the Court tojuftifye himfelf. In which Letter, although
the Particularities wherewith the Duke is charged be not exprefled, yet hath the
Ambaflador let fall, that he is accufed to be privie to the Confpiracie, whereof
the late Duke of Biron was attainted ; that he hath had fome medling with Ibme
other great Perfons, abotit the Succeffion of the Crowne of France ; and thirdly
ben contented, that fome waie fliould be made to the King of Spaine to receave
him into his good opinion: All which, being Points {o nearly concerning the
King, the laid AmbafTador hath, as from him, defired her Majeftie' s Advice, for
his Proceeding with the IDuke upoji the fame. Which Requeft, although flie
think it to be rather formall, then that her Counfail fhould in this Cafe prevaile
with the King, againft any fuch Determinations as in his own Mind perhaps he
may have formed concerning the Duke, if he fhould hold him Guilty ; And that
the Drift of opening this Matter to her and to the World, is to pofTefs her Mind
With a Prejudice againft one in whom he thinketh fhe hath fome Intereft, by
throwing Afperfions on him of fuch Crimes, as proving trew, fhe could not in
Honour attempt to excufe ; yet having fo juft an occafion miniftred unto her by
the King, to fpeak in a Caufe in which otherwife fhe would not intrude her fell;
fi?e thinks good not to forbear to utter, that which Jhe conceaveth of the Duke's

. ' -' Inno-

Book IV. Mr. Winwood'j Negotiation in France. 439

In»occ7/(y, and thereby to do for him fuch friendly OfHcc, a5 both the Opinion yfn. i6oi«
Ihc hath ever had of his Loyalty, and the good Will Ihc bears hiin in relpctt of
Rehgion, do require.

You fhall therefore undcrfland, that 'tis her Majeftie's Plcafurc that you do pro-
cure ylccc/s prclhntly to the King, as having rcceaved a Difpaich from her ; and
then to begin firft to give him Thanks in her Name for the Freedom and Inward-
nefs he ufeth with her, and tlic Confidence he fccmeth to repofe in her, iu
that he wold not only impart unto her a Matter of this Nature between him
and liis Subjedt, wherein Princes do not ufc ro communicate their Con-
ceits with their Ncigbours, but alio dcfirc her Advice in the Courfe which
fliould be meet for him to hold with the faid Duke in this Cale ; a Matter
wherein you may lay, Ihc had rather be lilent then open her thoughts, had he
not lb friendly required her; becaufe it is of I'uch quallitie, as in Ipeaking of it flic
<:an hardly avoid two Errours, the one prcjudiciall to that Wifdom which Expe-
rience hath taught her, not to be curious in other Princes Affairs; the other to
that Integrity which Ihe profelTes, leafl: in fpcaking of a Perfbn of whom the
King Icnovveth that flie hath long (and checfly for his fake) had good Opinion,
Ihe mould utter any thing that might make him jealoufe of her, that out of Par-
tiallitie to him, Ihe were not zeallous for the King's Safetie : But feeing from the
one the King's Requefl doth free her, and from the other her own Confcience,
ihc hath adventured to difcover what Ihe conceaves of the Cafe as Ihe takes it to
be, till further Matter be brought to Light ; that is, that befides many other
Circumftances, there be thefe fpeciall great Reafons that move her to beleeve,
that the Duke could not forget his Loyakie to the King.

The one is tbe antient and conftant Service^ and untell this time unftifpeSied,
which he hath done unto this King, and the Love, which with often hazard of
his Life and Fortunes, he hath made proof to bear in his Heart towards him,
ever fence both their Childhoods; which having ben bred in him fo young,
growen with their Years, and proved fpotlefs in all the King's adverfe Times.,
when there was no Inducement of Benefit to invite, nor other Argument to af-
fure his Faith bur only Love of his Perfon, and opinion of the Juftice of his
Caufe, how unlikely is it that he jhould now fwarve from that Ajfe^lion^ when
the Greatnefs of the State the King is arrived unto, doth in all reafonable Con-
firu^ion not only confirm it by hope of Rewards for his former 'Deferts, kit bind
it with a fritter knot of Fidellity"^ Converting that which before was but Af-
fection in him, into the neceifary Duetie of a Subjed: towards his Soveraigne.
Further, when flie confidercth, that one part of the Accufation is, that he fliould
correfpond with Marefchal Biron^ (between whom and him there was never o-
ther than mortal Envie,) it maketh her much the more hopefull that the King
lliall find this matter falie at bottome, of which no Body fliall be more glad.

The other Reafon is, the Religion he profejfeth, which to her Underftanding,
cannot poffihly admit one thing which this Accufation doth pretend, and that is,
Community with the King (?/Spaine in any Subject whatfoever ; he being one of
the mo ft knowen notorious Adverfaries of allthofe that differ in Religion from
the Church of Rome. Which Reafons are fo forcible to move her to prefume of
the Duke's Innocency, that tho' ihe will not take upon her to give Advice to the
King's Affirmative or Negative in fo nice a ^teftion, yet ilie thinks (llie being
required by him) her Arguments are fb well grounded, (the Duke's Cafe not be-
ing yet knowen to her to be other then his lirfl: Report maketh it,) as flie may
take this Libertie, in this to advife the King, as flie would do to her felf, to ufe
his accuftomed Temper and Judgment, and to caft his Eye to the End as well
as to the beginning of all great A5iions, where it may pleafe him to note thefe
Circumftances. Firft it is reported that diver fe other great Terfons are touched
in thefe Matters, and he only pickt out to be dealt wit hall of whom it is moft
improbable, which cannot but ftir many Jealoufies in thofe oithe Religion, that
fome pradtice prevaileth in his Mind, to be readdier to fufpeB fif not condemn)
than, then others; ofwhomjhe bea^s this Opinion^ (or otherwife Jhe Jhould

hate

452 Mr.WiNv^ooD^ Negotiation inVrsincc. Book IV.

A. i6oi. hafe them) that if he -isjere trewly guilty, none would fooner crye Crucifige theft
they. Whereas oa the other fide, if the Matter fliould prove a weak and falfe
Suggeflion, how can this Wound be cured, which this Obloquy hath cajl upon
him .<*

Laftly, ^Itho* flie doth conclude that it cannot but be, that fome thing is amifs
in his Eflate, for the rcdifying whereof fhe willies as to her owne, that all hap-
pie Courfes may be taken ; and that although flie meaneth not to take upon her
lelf as able to advife, either affirmatively or negatively in fo delicate an Affair ;
yet file hath willed you to acquaint him, how lorry Ihe is, except the Proofs be
io evident as that they are (luce clariores,) that he was not pleafed to have ta-
ken fome other Courle, and to have let him know fome Part of his Accufation,
and fo receaved his Anfwer, (which would have given great Light to the King's
ownjufl and clear Judgment,) before he had proceeded fofar, as to command his
ferfonall Repaire by a Letter fo notorioufiy knowen ; becaufe it is to be doubted,
that he, whofe only AnchoY hath ben in the King's conflant Favour to him, may
be fo intimidated, when he feeth himfelf proceeded withall in no other degree of
Favour then all other of his Subjedts, (of which Number feaw have merited as
he taketh himfelf to have done,) as he will more dread the "Danger of his Ad-
verfarie's Tower and Traciice, then trufl in his appearing to fave himfelf,
though he be never fo innocent \ which courfe, though it may on the other fide
be as ill interpreted againft him, yet it is his hard Fortune to be put to fuch Try-
all, feeing thofe Fears and Apprehenfions may work divers 'Dijlr actions non Ib-
lum in viro forti, fed in innocente.

Laflly her Majeflie hath commanded you to let him know, that if thefe
Practices of the King of Spaine do appear thus violent, that rather then not in-
fejl his Eft ate, he will fp are no Faiiion nor Terfwafion of Religion, it will be
very Trincely for him., to floe w more fence then he doth of his perfidious 'Deal-
ing with him; whereby his SubjeBs might fee, that the King holds him aii E-
nemie, and his Friends and Allies might once perceave that he is fo fenfible of
thofe many Affronts, that they may have comfort fill tojoyne both in Conn fails
and Anions io prevent his Ambition; in which, and in all things elfe, fhe will
never be found fecond to any Trine e in Europe.

Thus have you now Sir, the Subftance of that which her Majeftie would have
reprefented to the King; within which temper both to the King and any of his
Counfail that lliall Ipeak to you, it fliall be fit that you do keep your felf And
you may let it be knowen (underhand) to thofe of the Religion that are dif^
creet and honell:, in what fort flie hath lliewed her felf to the King to take Care
of his Eftate, both out of her particular Affe5lio7t towards him, and of her Con-
fidence that he hath done nothing unworthey of her TroteSiion. You muft pre-
tend to have receaved this T>\xtOi\on from her felf, not naming it as matter pro-
ceeding from the Hands of her Minifters.

For the Matter revealed unto you by that Jefuiticall Perfon concerning her
Majeftie'sShippes; although you have reafon to transfer it heather, yet for my
own Opinion I do not fee any great Matter in his Difcovery, being rather matter
of wild Difcourfe, then likely to be grounded upon any ibllid Foundation. iSo
if upon your own Speech with him you difcover no more, I think you may for-
bear to lend him over. Alwaies if you find Caufe and Ihall fend him, he fliall
go and come upon your Protediion, and be rewarded and remanded according to
the Value of his Service. And fo for this time I commit you to God's Pro-
te(3:ion.

From the Court at Tour very loving Friend,

WhitehalL RO. CECYLL.

i?/r. Win wood

Book IV. MrAViNwooD^ Ncs:otiatio?i in France.

cb'

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretar<y Cccyll.

Right Honor aVkt Taris^ i;^'! Tiec. i6ox. O. S.

I Hold it my Duty to acquaint your Honor with a contumelious Injury which
lately I have rccciv'd by an EngHlhman in this Towne, and that in my Lord
Ambaflador's Houic. Upon Sunday laft the iz* of this Month, there being af-
fembled in my Lord AmbafTador's Hall, many both Englijh, and Scotch, and
French which underftand our Language, to hear the Sermon, the Pfalm being
begonnc by Ibme of my Lord's People, but in fo ill a Tune that after a Verfe or
two they gave oVcr to fing, one Sigijmond Alexfander, Son to him that is
a Groom in the Stable, who flood by Mr. Adolphns Cary and Mr. Anthony May-
ny, and my felf, turns towards Mr. Cary, and began to talk and laugh. I fpeak-
ing to him wifhed him not to laugh, which would give a Scandall to the Congre-
gation, he anfwered to none but to me. I faid, what I [fake ijuas not to make
him angry. He replyed, if I were angry I might turn the Buckle of my Gir-
dle behinde me. I made no Anfwer, but was well contented with Patience to
be filent. The Sermon ended he cometh to me with rhefe Words, What an
Afs are you to bid me leave my laughing., you are an Ajfe and a very Affe, you
are now no more an Agent but an Inferiour, and too faticy to me. I returned
not one Word more, then that I perceaved he was angry. That day I pafTed
over in Silence, tho' he to many or moft Gentlemen in the Towne, made his
Vaunts in what Sort he had ufed me. The next Morning I repaired to my Lord
AmbafTador to whom I related this Fa<ft ; and remonftrated, that if I were a par-
ticular Perfon it was moft likely that the Pundlillios of Honour might have trans-
ported me to have righted my lelf without importuning his Lordlhip; or if I did
now remaine alone on the lame Terms as before his coming, I then would have
had my recourfe to the King, uiider whofe Protedion I did remaine; but now
that his Lordlhip was inverted in this Charge, which in propriety doth bind him
to regard with fpecial Accommodation the Good of her Majeftie's Service, I held
my felf in Duty bound to require reafon of him, as attending here fubordinate un-
to him (in what Cotldition he beft knew,) and that I held it my Duty to require
Reafon of him for this Wrong; wherein, if I miftook nor, the Honor of her Ma-
jefticj the Dignity of his Place, and his particular Honor, were joyntly intereiTed.
I concluded, that now he underftood the Matter by the Relation which I made of
the Fait and the Reafons of my Demand, I referred the Sequell to his Confide-
ration, whereto I was willing to lubmit my felf I do acknowledge his Lordfhip
did fliew as if he felt my Wrong, and promifed to procure my Satisfad:ion. What
he hath done he beft can tell, and I dowbt not doth by this Bearer advertize your
Honor. / trufi I have here carried my felf, as doth become me in "Duty and
"Difcretion. The Fad I have plainly and truly delivered without Difguife, nei-
ther adding Words nor exafperating Circumftances. What is to foUov/ I referr
to your Honor's Wifdom, and to that Care wherewith you are accuftomed to
cherifti the Travails of her Majeftie's Servants. And fb I humbly take my
leave, ^c.

Tour Honor's, 8cc.

RALPH WINWOOD.

5 Z Mr. Win."

4!?4- Mr.WiawooDs Negotiation inVtSincc, Book IV.

Mr. Winwood fo Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable^ ^ Tarts xV^.Tiec. i5ox. O. S.

HE R E is lately arrived the Trocureur du Roy of the Chambre of Caftresy
who is fent to advertize of the Duke's Appearance there, and to know
the King's Pleafure in what manner that Court mould proceed. He delivered,
that the Duke entered into the Towne only attended with three Perfons, and
prefently laying apart his Armes, rendred himfelf into the Hands of Juftice. Since,
here hath been many Aflemblies and Confultations between the Council! and
Meffieurs du Tarlament. The laft Refultat I underftand to be this, that one
Should be fent from the King to inftrud the Duke of the Incompetency of that
Court for the Cognoiflance of that Caufe, as well for the quallitie of his Perfon,
being premier Marefchal of France and a domefticall Servant to the King, as
for the Nature of the Crimes whereof he is accufed; and for this pourpofe one-
Commartin is named to be fent, with Charge peremptorily to advile him perfonal-
ly to appeare before this Parlament within one Month, and with power to inter-
di6i the Chambre to undertake the Knowledge of this Caule. This Commartin is
premier Vrejident du Grand Connfeily and the laft Year was imployed about the
Difference of Confines between the King and the Archduke ; and becaufe he hath
ben examined to deliver what he knew or had heard concerning fome Pradiice
luppofed between the Duke and Count Sore, he excufed himfelf fome dayes from
this Imployment, but in the end he hath accepted it, and this Afternoon doth de-
part. Upon this Refolution the general T)epities received a Letter from the
Churches of Langiiedoc and Haute Guienne, requiring them to make their Re-
monjirance to the King, that whereas this EdiB was made not {o much for the
Prefervation of the Goods and Fortunes, as for the Afleurance of the Lives and
Honours of the Profeflburs of Religion, without the Exception of Condition of
Perfon, or Quallity of Caufe, that he would be pleaied to admitt the Chambre of
Cafires to hear and determine the Caufe of the Duke, fith to that Jurifdidion he
voluntarily hath lubmitted himfelf

Monfieur St. Germain, who now hath that Charge (a Man well known to

your Honor, as having ben emploied towards her Majeftie from the Body of the

Religion, to fbllicite her gracious Mediation for the Eftablifhment of this Edi6f^

which the King doth not forger, but hath reproached him with that Imploiement

within thefe few Dayes, calling it the 'Duke of Bouillon' j- Legation) fignifyed

to the King, that he had receaved fuch a Letter from the Churches. The King

asked if the Churches wold undertake the TroteBion of Monfieur de Bouillon :•

He anfwered, the Letter fpeaks not {o, but beleeched his Majeftie to be pleafed to

read it. He put it by twice or thrice, unwilling to feek what he wold not find ;

at length he read it, and delivering it back, laid, he gave not his Towns into the

Hands of the Religion to retire Tray tors into them: That he wold remove the

Chambre from Caftres : That Rhofny lliould make his Canon march : That in fix

Weeks he wold ruinate them, and fb in this Heat he retired towards his Cabinet,

and took with him Monfieur de la Tremouille. St. Germain prefiing for an

Anfwer to return to the Churches, he willed him to fend them this Anfwere,

^miz aiguifent leiirs EJpees; but after a turn or two, he prayed him with

many mild Words to carry his Letter to the Chancellier, to Meffieurs de Rhofny

and Villeroy. Hereupon this was thought convenient, that Monfieur de la Tre-

mouille (which the King follicited with much Earneftnefs, and prayed might be

done with dilligence,) Ihould write to the Duke, to be perfvvaded to retire from

that Place, where his aboad might breed juft Sufpicion in the King that he hath

purpofe to difturbe the Peace of his Realme; and withall fliould advife him to

intreat for Permiffion and fafe Condud; to return to fome of his own Houfes, or

to. depart out of the P».ealme ; from whence he lliould promife to clear himfelf

of the Imputations wherewith he is charged. This Difpatch was fent the end of

the

Book IV. Mr.WimvooDsNcgotidtio?2 h'^rince, 455

tlic lad Week : At the Return of the Mcffcngcr, it will be knowcn what the Duke ^n. i6oz,
will rcfolvc. If he find Suretyc for his RetiaUt yt is thought he will go to Se-
dan, where all Differences will Toon be compofcd. In the Place where he is, he
is held to be in Surety ; but if he flay there, in all likelyhood there will follow a
great remiiemcnt du Mefnage; which bcfidcs the publick Detriment, may hazard
the Fortunes of many of his Friends, which here are engaged at Court, and fainc
vVoId, but cannot depart. His greatefl: Advcrfaries, now feeing the Courfc he
hath taken neceflary to enforce an accord for his Safety, fpcake in a more mylde
and fmooth Style; and acknowledge that in the Informations produced againfl:
him, nothing can be found worthey of Death. For that he lliould complot
with Biron they hold it impofTible; to turn Spauia7'd 3h^ux<\ and ridiculous; and
that he fliould joyne in this Partie to marrie the young Prince with the Daughter
of the Conneflahlc, and to declare him SuccefTor to the Crown, feemeth a Sup-
pofition void of all Appearance. But his T)eath "jvoldfoize the Balance, (which
the T>eath of the late Marefchal doth weich to the ground) and improve the
King's Reputation with the Tarty Cathottke, give Satisfa5iion to the Tope,.
beat down the Religion, and give the King Revenge of all Tiques that have
paffed between them in thofe 'Days, when they were in a manner but Fellows
and Friends. Yt is but the other day, when the King inveighing againfl him to
Monfieur St. Germain and calling him Traytor, he asked, when his Majefly had
found him- to be fo\ he anfwercd him, beholding him between the two Eyes, de-
puis quand Mo7tfieur? depuis vingt ^ cinq ans. So that novv are revived the
Favours that pafTed between him and Queene Marguerite of Navarre; and the
Love he made to the Dutchefs of Bar, issjho yet hateth him becaufe he carried
her not away, and that he had held in Languedoc a Pradiice without Dependance
to the other ; and that at Rochelle, upon the Death of the Prince of Conde, he
put upon him a Counfaile to govern the Finances of the War, and many other
luch like Reafons of like Moment. La Fountaine hath written to one of the
Miniflers of this Church, qiHon a mis le Corps de la Religion par de^a en fort
mauvais predicament. They which reprefent the Body have intreated me to fig-
nifye to your Honor, that (though they dowbt not but that hath been endea-
voured, yet) fith her Majeflie doth know that they never were found difloyall to
their Prince, fo long as they might enjoye their Loyalltie to God, they refl aflii-
red that ilie ever will remaine their gracious PatronefTe; to whole Proted:ion, tan-
quam ad facram anchor am, they ever have had recourfe in the Ocean of their
Perfecutions.

Monfieur de Barreau (whofe Name I think iti my laft I wrote Mombarreau)
is now gone for Spaine. He vifTited all the AmbafTadors in this Towne before he
departed, faving my Lord; which fome fay was forbidden him, for fear of Of-
fence to Spaine. They which feem to know much, do deliver, that he doth car-
ry with him la charte blanche for the Confervation of the Teace, which he hath
Charge to maintaine, at what Trice and upon what termes foever.

Charles Taget doth fo importune me, that I cannot refufe to befeech your
Honor to move my Lord AmbafTador to give him accefs, and to treat him with
that kindnefs that he fhall perceave his Devotion to her Majefties Service, and to
his particular, fliall deferve. I have written to Tynfon to that Purpofe your Ho-
nor doth command. And now I humbly befeech to be excufed, though I dayly
cry cupio diffblvi ; for here I languilh with Anguifh of Soule, and foon Ihould
loofe all Patience, but that I reft aflured of the Protedion of your Honor's Fa-
vour. And fo I humbly take my leave.

Tour Honor's in aWDuty humbly to be commaunded,

RALPH WINWOOD,

Mr. Wm-

45^ MrMmy^ooDs NegotiationinViiSince. Book IV.

j^M. i6ox.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, "^ ^^ January l6o^. O. S.

THE Duke of Bouillon having recorded his Appearance before the Chamber
of Cafires by an authenticall A<5t, finding that Court to be interdicted by
the Prefident Verdon, premier ^refident of Thouloufe, to take knowledge of
his Caufe, departed towards Montpelier, accompanied with 150 Horfe of the
beft of the NobiUitie of that Province. Yt is here receaved, that all the way he
pafTed, the Country came round about him, and as he pafTed by or through the
Townes, the Magiitrates and People came forth to meet him, prefenting their
Townes, their Forces, themfelves, and all, to be difpofed at his Devotion.
This relation doth well accord with the Letters of the Churches written in his
Favour, and with that Speech of the Town of Rochelle delivered unto Mon-
fleur Commartin, whereby they 'do acknowledge the Caufe of the Tublicke to be
ihterefted in this particular hiflance. St. Julian, (whom the King upon the
firft bruit of the Duke's going to Cafires, did fend into T>aufhini to pofTefle the
Nobleffe there of the Crimes wherewith he is charged) is now returned to
this Town. He relateth, that the Duke having pafTed the Rhofne, made fliew
at Orenge to make fome long flay ; from whence he wrote to Monfieur Lefdi-
guieres, that he wold viffit him at Grenoble, to acquaint him ^with his Caufe,
which he wold prelent in like manner to that Chamber as before he had done at
Caftres. But foddainely he departed thence to Romanze, where he palTed the Ri-
Ver of Liziere, and fo arrived in Safety at Geneva. It was ever probable that
he wold not let flip fo jufl occafion to viffit that Towne; thereby to enflajne the
Zeal of his Terfecution, in this time, when as by fo miraculous an Efcape, the
Inhabitants of that Tlace do fo nearly fymbolize with his prefeut Fortunes.
From thence he wrote to Monfieur Lefdiguieres to excufe his not coniming to
him, for fear to give offence to the King; and withall fignifyed, that he wold
take the way through Switzerland to Bafil, and fo to Heydelbergh, to villi t the
'jPalatiiie his Brother, and then to his owne home to Sedan.

Monfieur de Rhofny hath propofed to his private Friends fome Overtures of Re-
conciliation, and he hath willied them to move him to demand '\Pardon and
Grace. But they anfwer, that were to furvive his Honour, to defpoile himfelf
at once of all his Friends, and to depend afterwards at T^ifcretion either to
be receaved with Shame, or refufed with dejpight. And now, the Joy that
here is demonflrated upon his fb peaceable Departure, doth acknowledge, what
Err our it hath been to enforce him to take knowledge of his ^ower and Strength ;
whereof before, as he had no caufe to make proof of it, fo had he little Reafbn
to prefume. Now, that Armes were put in his Hands, it was at his Difcretion
what ufe to make of them, whofe excellent Moderation in choofing rather to
caft himfelf into a voluntary Exile, then that his Country, for his fake, lliould
fall by Relapfe into thofe MifTeries wherewith fo lately it hath been afflided, doth
feem an Argument more then fufFicient to maintaiue his Innocency againft thofe
Calumnies wherewith he is reproached. And alTuredly if the FaJhio7i of this
Treatment in all Circumfances had concurred, I fay not upon a turbulent Spi-
rit, but upon any other then him, who is4)fa more then ordinary Refolution for
Honor and Judgment, and of a far and clear forecajiing Providence, that Fire
of Divifion had been by this Day kindled in this Realme, which no EfTufion of
Blood could have extinguifhed ; but as Oyle in a Lamp it wold have ferved ra-
ther to enforce then quench the Flame.

Upon the Advice that the Duke had pafTed as far as Orenge, the Marelchal La-
'verdin was diipatched into thofe Parts, upon Pretext of this late Remnement at
Geneva, but as it is faid, not without Charge to intercept or flop him in the
way. Tf he Jhoiild thereby have been enforced to turn back, yt wold have been
wijhed perhaps too late, that a Bridge had been made him of Silver to pafs over.

The

Book IV. Mr.Wiiiv/ooDs Ncgotiatioii z;? France. 457

The Jmbajfador 0/ Florence doth afTurc me, that his Mafler by his Letters hath yj^j j^Joz,
advertized the King, to be wary, how he doth lay his hands not only upon the
Blood hut upon the Honor and Rej^titatton of his Subjects^ and to remember the
Example cf the Duke oi Alva, and the Count Horn and Egmont.

Upon Fryday lad Monficur de Villeroy communicated unto the Deputies
of the Churches, a Letter lent from Moufieur de Betunes the King's AmbaHador
at Rome\ wherein is written, that when he had acquainted the Toj^e with this
AfTIiir of the Duke, and what were his Accufations and who his Acculers; he an-
I'wered, that thole WitnelTcs were not omni exceptiojie majores, and being Pri-
fonniers not reccavable, prcfumed by Law to be Men without Honor and Con-
Icicnce, who to favc themfelves wold not care whom they blamed ; and therefore
doth advifc the King not lightly to belceve any thing againfl him, whom the
World cold not deny ever to have been a faithfull Servant to his Perfon and
Crown. Of this Text this Glofs is gathered, that, that part of the Accufation is
trew, that the T>uke hath pirpofe to turn both Catholic k and Spaniard. Mon-
fieur de Tremouilley who doth blefs her Majeftie's Pietie and Zeale, for thofe gra-
cious Favours which upon free Motion out of the FuUnefs of her own Bounty fhe
hath vouchiafed to demonftrate, bewailing his Infellicity, did lately tell me, that
at his firft Arrivall the King did declare, that nothing was deteBed or furmized
againft him ; now he is charged, that although he never faffed Confent in any
of thofe ComplottSy yet he was fr ivy to them all, and therefore failed in Duety
not to reveal them: So that he begins to apprehend, that his Staffe flands next
to the "Door. Yet feeing he is in the Nett, the more he iliall ftruggle, the more
he fliall entangle himfelfe, and therefore doth refolve to ryde it out; neither
Jhould he do wifely in this fowle Weather, to hoife up Saile in fb ruinous and
rotten a Bottom. The Abolition of the Tanchart hath brought forth this Fruit,
that the Impofitions this Year are increafed 5-00000 Crownes.

I underftand that there is ordained to be paid this Year to her Majeftie 200000
Franks, {io\ {zx\.ct^-iz\'x^ Reglement of Money, all Sommes have their Deno-
mination by Franks and no more by Crowns) which is loooo/. Sterling; but the
Declaration hereof (asMonfieur de Villeroy doth anfwer) the King will not fend
but by his Ambaflador, to deliver to her Majeftie. The Secret is, that it will
not be declared, untill it be cleared what will be the Ijfue of this Affair of the
'Duke. There is alTigned for the States 900000 Franks, the fame Somme they
receaved laft Year, but the Declaration is refufed and ihall not be delivered but
unto Monfieur de Buzenval. Upon this Anfwer from Monfieur de Villeroy of-
ten reitterated to my Lord Ambaflador, I was in mind to have demanded Termif-
Jion of the King for iny return ; but now I am engaged to flay, untill I ihall re-
ceave Refolution from your Honor of this Point which followeth. I have beeil
adVertifed by fome about the King, that he was much offended with me for fonie-
thinge that I fliould write into England, as he pretendeth to the T)iJhonour of his
State ; and Monfieur de Villeroy hath geeven forth, that I have written, that
here was feared another Maffacre. So I addreffed my felf unto him with this
Speech : " That I underftood that the King and he were difcontented with me
" for fomewhat (but what I knew not,) that I Ihould write into England. I
" faid my Reverence to the King and my refpedl to him did bring me thither, to
" entreate to know the particular, thereby the better to purge my felf. Yf I
" had wrote any thing irreverently, that was either in my Difpatches to your
" Honor, or in private Letters. For the firft I did not doubt, but that her Ma-
" jeftie, upon my humble Motiouj, wold be plealed to afliire the King^ of my
" refpe€tfull Carriage towards him, in all the Time of my Service, both by re-
" lation to his Ambaffador, and by Commiflion to hers who remaineth here, to
" whom I had communicated all Letters of Bufynefs fence his coniming: And yf
" it lliould be juftifyed againft me that otherwife I have misbehaved my felf, I my
" felf wold befeech her Majeftie to give Commandment to her Arabafladorji
" (that the Shame which her Service hath receaved by my unworthynefs might
" be expiated,) to deliver me up into their Hands lie ^garotte to fnffer exem-

6 A plary

458 Mr.Wmv/ooDs Negotiation inVmncc. Book IV.

^^. i6oz. " plary Pnniflittienr, fucli as my Folly and Temerity fliould deferve. I was 1
' laid now upon the Point of my return, and therefore did defire to clear my
" felf of this Imputation, as one defirous to remaine in the King's gracious Favour,
*' and the good Opinion of his State. He anfwered, that the King was ill fatis-
" fyedwithine, upon Advertifement, fhaf I Jbould wrife info England much to
*' his T>i/homur, (thefe were his Words,) de la mauvaife condutiie de fes af-
" faires, de fes volont^s & confeiles. He did not defcend to any Particulars,
" tho' I much urged him, neither did he know, as hefaid, any Particulars. He
" wiflied me to leek to give the King Satisfaction before I ihould depart, both for
" the Honour of my Service and my particular Reputation; that when I did de-
*' part from hence, I might both leave and receive Contentment.

Herein I befeech fiich Favour from your Honor, as the Ho7ior of her Maje-
flies Service may require, and my Innocency (befl known to you) may pre fume
to crave: And withall do befeech to receave her Majeftie's Commaundrnent for
my return ; for it is many Months fence here they have been weary of me, nei-
ther is it likely that they will fend the Declaration of the Payment for this Year
by me, as not willing to make my Services gratefull, or my return acceptable
to her Majejiie. I know Monfieur de Beaumont is too full of Honour to lend
me this Charity, to whom I have done all good Offices both publick and pri-
vate, and therefore am loathe to wrong my own Judgment {o much, as to luf-
pedt from him this unworthey Exchange; and Monfieur la Fountaine Ihould
know, that the T>ivel doth take his Name a Calumniando.

I have given Order for lo/. Sterling to be paid to Tin fin, praying your Honor
to refolve by the next, either to continue him or recall him.

The Duke of Nevers's Secretary doth recommend to your Honor's Favour,
the Difcourle which herewith I fend by Commaundrnent from his Mafter; who
doth defire it fliould be prefented to her Majeftie.

What your Honor iliall prefent unto the King by my hand will be perhaps the
lefs acceptable, as being delivered by a difgraced Terfbn. And {o I humbly take
my leave. ,

Tour Honor's in all T)tity humblie to be commaunded,

RALPH WINWOOD.

Mr. Winwood to Mr. Secretary Cecyll.

Right Honorable, ' Taris, 4* Ja7t. i6oz. O. S.

WHEN the King did write to the Duke of Bouillon to command his re-
paire to the Court, yt was thought that either the Aflurance of his own
Innocency would have brought him thither, where his Life and Fortunes would
have remained at Difcretion, or that the Apprehenfion of the Danger wherewith
he faw himfelf environed, would have caufed him to undertake a bale and ihame-
■full Flight, which might have prefumed a Guiltinefs, and caft a Cloud, in the Opi-
nion of the World, over his Honor and Reputation. But now, the Courfe that he
hath taken hath ajjlired his Life, and the Moderation he hath ufed in the reft
of his Carriage, not only preferved, but much magnify ed his Honor. We are
thus far fallen, that we are come to lay, that if Monfieur de Bouillon hath not
failed 2XX)<. fonds, yet he hath failed aux formes, in choofing rather to take, then
receive his Judges. He arryved at Geneva the third of this Moneth Stilo Novo ;
the Sonday after he receaved the Communion, which here is ill taken that it was
not refufed him, and there remained untell the Twelfth, fence which time nothing
is heard of him.

Here are come two Deputies named St. Chat and St.Ravy, fent expreiriy from
the Churches of Languedoc, (becaufe they did accompany him in his Retrain
as far as Ufez upon the Rhofne) to teftifie unto the King with what Sobriety
aad T>ifcretion he carried himfelf, not only in refufing the general! and particular

Offers

Book IV. MrWiNwooDs Negotiation in France, 45^

Of^rs which were picfcntcd unto him, but in cxlioiting all m private and pub- y^u. i6oz.
lick to acknowledge choir Duetic and Obedience to the King, and to embrace the
Peace and Rcpolc under which they now live, by the Liberty of the Edi6i\ pro-
tefling that he isvold rather choo/e to loofe his Head upon a Scaffold in the Grcve,
then that for his fake his Country fhoiild reenter into thefe Troubles where-jvith
Jo lately it hath ben attended. The moft the King did miflikc in this McHage,
was their Title o^Tlepntics^ and the forme of their Commidlon, which he laid
argued a formed Body -Jijithin his Rcalme, isuithout Dependuncc upon him and
feparated from his State; which for this time, he faid, he wold be content to
pafs over, but would not endure that the like hereafter Jhould be put in Tra-
C{:ice., which Monfieur de Frezneze, the Secretary for thofe Parts, did reitterate
unto them, with greater Vchemencie of Spirit then Language.

There is fallen out a great Broitillerie at Metz, where the Town is rifen up
in Armes againfl the Cittadell. The Cafe I take to be this. One called Subole
being made a Lieutenant Gcnerall by Monfieur d' EJpernon, calling of all depen-
dance on him, declared himfelf immediately to hold his Place from the King;
wherein he governed himfelf with fo little Moderation, that the Inhabitants re-
monftrated their Greevances which they endured by many of his Violences, and
have made their Complaint to the King; with Proteftatiou, that longer they had
not Patience to live under the Thraldom of that Subjedion. 'D'Efpernon tak-
ing this Advantage to be reintegrated into his Government, undertaketh the Pro-
teftion of the Towne againft Subole-, and procureth Commiflion from the King,
alfifted by the Prefident Vary and Monfieur de Boifijfe, to hear and determine all
Differences between the Town and his Lievetenant, under Pretext to accord and
pacific all Matters, but with purpofe to feaze himfelf on the Perfon of Subole,
and to diijioflefs him of his place ; whereunto the King at leart made fhew to con-
defcend, for one called de Riqtiyn, a Lievetenant of the Gards, and Brother to
de Montigni Governor ofrhis Town, is nominated to fucceed him. The King
fearing leaft Monfieur de Efpernon, having gained with the Pofiefiion of that
State the Hearts and Affeftions of the People, fliould grow too abfolute in that
Place, which Conceit the quallitie of his Perfon, and the important Situation of
the Town doth increafe, underhand gives Order to Subole to hold good his Place,
and he wold maintaine him. TfEfpernon and his Accefl'ories having receaved
all Informations on the one hand and the other, and pretending to make a final
Agreement of all Differences, appoints an AfTembly in the Town-Houfe, where
tliey with the Body of the Town and the Lievetenant would meet. The Day and
Howre of the Meeting being come, Subole appears not, firfl excufeth himfelf by
the Indifpofition of his Body, in fine lends Word to his Brother, who there liv-
ed with him, that he meant not to come; and if he came, yet his Brother Ihould
remaine in guard and pofTeffion of the Cittadelle. Upon this Anfwer the Towa
rifeth up in Arms, and Monfieur d'Efpermn blocketh up the Cittadelle, whereiri
are 300 Soldiars, and fo both Parties have advertized the King; who hath difpatch-
ed to this pourpofe, that all Matters fliould remaine as before without Innovation,
untill his further Pleafure fliall be known, which he wold fend by La Varenne-i
whereunto if they fliould refufe to accord, he himfelf wold come in Perfon. La
Varemie is gone, but with what Charge I cannot alTure your Honor.

La Marquife this Week was delivered of a T)aughter, which hath put much
Water in her Wine. But that Which moll did greeve her is removed, her Son
is now legitimated, and acknowledged the natur all Son of the King, by the Name
of Gallon de Foix.

Sence the Accident of Geneva, the four Cantons which are their nearefl: Neigh-
bours, Zurich, Berne, Bafil, and Schafuze, have joyntly fent to the Duke of
Savoy to retire his Forces which flill lye before the Towne, protefling otherwife,
that they will not be wanting in Alfiftance both defenfive and ofFenfive to their
Neighbours and Allies. The Afiembly of the Princes Proreftant of Germany for
the A-ffair of ^y^^r^J•^//r^/:', between the Marquijfe of. Brandenburgh the Admini-
ilratoty and the Cardinalloi Lorraine^ which ihould have ben held ztHeydeil-

4^o Mr.Wii^'^ooDs NegotiationinViiance. Book IV.

An i6o%.bergh, was tranfmitted to Erin in Franconia^ there to be kept the 6* of this
~ 'Month. The Talatine of the Rhine's Son is Chriftened, and named Louis
Thillifpe. It is held here for certaine, that the King of S^aine hath made the
Terdito for twelve Millions, payable in three Years, with the Bank of Centa-
rioni at Genoa. Carlo T)oria in his return from Spaine, is faid to be dead by
Sicknefs at Toulon, where he touched with his Gallies.

Here are three of the King's Guards in Prifon, upon Sufpicion for fome At-
tempt againft his Terfon, and a Trieft for not revealing the ConfefTion of one,
who declared unto him the purpofe he had to kill the King. The Party (who
is fled) having caft forth fome lewd Speech about liich a wicked Intention, the
Pried his ghoftly Father was examined whether he had communicated unto him
any fuch pourpofe ; which he ingenuoufly confelfed, but that by his Terjwafmis
he had detourned him- fromthe Wickednefs of fiich Thoughts, which he held to
be rather a Tentation in him, then a Refolution. The Commoditie of the Bea-
rer doth give the Occafion of theafe, which I pray may be excufed. And foe, Wc.

Tour Honor's, Sec.

RALPH WINWOOD.

The Chancellor hath a Quarrell with the Duke of Bouillon, for calling himfelf
in his Letter to the King, the fecond Officer of the Cro-wn, which he holdeth to
be his Right.

Mr. Secretary Cecyll to Mr. Winwood.

Mr. Winwood, ^^ January i6oz.

ALthough I have no Matter of Moment at this tyme to write, and therefore
fend no MefTenger of pourpofe, yet having underftood of late how you have
been abufed, I do confelTe that I am very much troubled untill I hear how the Am-
baffador hath ufed it. For as all Men know you would eafilie have righted your
lelf if you had been a private s'Man, fo being as you are, it had been a great fault
in you to have do7ie otherwife then you did; wherein all that love Magiftracy
mttji neverthelefs fore fee, that fuch Examples pajfed with Impunitie, bring her
Majefie's 'Dignity e in Contempt. I have therefore written unto the Amba^ador
feelingly, to let him know, that though you have ufed a great deal of Modeftie,
yet you could not hide the Senfe of this injurious Dealing, and have defyred him
(if he meane not to aggravate the Gentleman's Offence) that he will lee a Repa-
ration done you according to your Merit. And thus for this tyme I committ you
to God. ,

From the Court at Tour very loving Friend,

Whitehall. RO. CECYLL.

Tou may return when you will, tho' I do wifh if it may be, that you could
bring fome News of the Money. I think her Majeflie is refblved of your Im-
ployment in the Low-Countries.

Mr. Winwood to the Duke de Tremouille.

Monfeigneur,

E n'y aura point de befoin que je recherche des excufes pour avoir tant tarde,
de votis efcrire. Les raifons en font trop notoires, & de telle qualite', que
nous autres, en aurons tousjours, non moins de rejfentiment que de fouvenance.

Mais

Book IV. Mr. W inw'ooDs Negotiation mFrance. ^^t

Mais il fai.'k que nous rcngious a la volontd de 'Dien, puis qn'ila tronvc' boh An. iHoi-.
en fa divifw Jagejfc., de rctiner a foy nojlrc bonne Soiiveraiiie^ en Page de 69
K d'avantage ^ ajres qn'clle cnjt rcgne tres heurenjeinent qtiarantc quatre
annees ^ qnelqnes mois. Sa fin a fort reffewble a J'a vie., ejlant doucey tran-
quille, G? pdijiblc. Lay commcn^a premicrement a faillir Ic fomne, apres
i lappet it, ti jinalement le Join, on de recon-vrir la fant^, on d' a I longer fa vie:
lie defirant pus autre chofe que de troquer ce Royaume terejire ££? tranfitoire^
nvec celny de 'Paridis, pour y regner eternellement. T>nrant le temps de fdn
indifpofuion, elle fe tint fort retirc'e, cfiafit afffe la plnspart fur dcs quar-
reaux, fans fe vonloir repofer an li^; employant tout le long tant de jour que
do nuict, ou anx Meditations privees, ou a la Leclure ® Exhortations des
Theologicns, lefqncls elle ne voulnft pas laifer houger d'aupres d'elle. Elle eui
Graces a T)ieujufqnes an dernier fonfpir, l^entcndment, la memoir c, ^ I'exer-
cice de fes efpritz-, pro^npt S? capable ; tant, que lejour devant fin trefpas elld
dcclara pour fin Snccejfeur legitime anx Seigneurs de fin Confiil le Roy d'Ef-
coffe, a ceti" betire nojire Roy ^ Seigneur Soverain. Elle languijfant a petit
fell par Vefpace de 7.0 jours, rendit fin ame a "Dien le 24^ an vienx Style de
Mars fur les troys heures du matin. Jamais Trincejfe eft dccedd ou plus re-
veree en fa Vie, ou plus regrettee en fa Alort. ^uel a ejU le dueil de tout le
Monde^ outre Pangoijfe d'ejprit qn'un chacun a porte chez foy, il votis fera
flus ayfe de concevoir, qu' a moy de vous reprefenter par efcrit. Ce que 7iotii
a infittiement confole, fdont nous auronsjufte fubje^i de loiier T)ieu a jamais)
c'eft, que par la prudence & magnanime refilution de noflre Noblejfe, le liiefme
jour du deces de la feu Reyne, le Roy d' Efcofpe a efte declare & publie Roy
far la Ville de Londres, entre les heures de dix (^ unze avec un applaudijfement
indicible, 5^ depuis par tout le Royaume, fans que perfonne de quelques qua-
lite qti'il foyt, sy eft oppofe, ou de fait, ou de parole. Je vous envoy e la copie
de la fiifdiEie proclamation traduifie en Francoys de mot en mot, flgnee par les
frincipaux Seigneurs, & prefque tons de la Noblejfe. T)eux jeunes Seigneurs
furent expediez le mefme jour, pour advertyr noftre Roy de tout ce qui c'eft
Pajfe. Nous efperons qu'il s'acheminera vers nous en bonne dilUgence, ce que
nous attendons en tresgrande devotion. J'ay pris P hardiejfe de vous eflvoyer
ces nouvelles, m'afeurant qu'ellez engendront en vous les mefmes Aft['e6lion,t qui
nous pojfedent, a fg avoir, mixtionnes de triftejfe ^ de rejouiffance. Car nous
efperons trefafeurement, que comme nous le recognoijfions pour noftre Seigneur
& Souverain^ ce qu'eft de noftre devoir^ ainjy, luy eftant Trince prudent ^
vertueux, nous maintiendra enpaix & tranquillity, & en ceW union de Religion,
qui noftre feu Souveraine, de tres heureufe & excellent Memoyre, luy a laiffe
^ondee & eftablie. Ceft tout queje vous fgauray efcrire pour le prefent, vous
''fuppliant de le vouloyr prendre en bonne part, comme de celuy, qui vous bai-
fant les Mains

MONSEIGNEUR,

Demeurera tousjoUrs

Vollre treshumble &
trefobeiflant Serviteur,

R. WINWOO'b.

6 B i N 13 E K

A N

INDEX

O F T H E

Mofl remarkable Passages contain d in this

VOLUME.

AErsens, Monfieur, Agent for the States at
the French Court, is defiroiis to commu-
nicate his Negotiations with the Englifl)
Ambaffador, 14. Obtains orders from his
Matters to confer only with Monfieur
Villeroy, ^66. Refledions upon his Condu(ft in
that particular, il/id.
Aguilar, Don Juan, lands with 6000 Spaniards in
Ireland, 351. Summons Kingfale, ibid. His For-
ces entirely routed by the Lord Mounijoy, 369,
370. A particular relation of that Adion, ibid.
Yields up Kingfale and other Towns, 377. Treats
with the Lord Deputy, and furrenders himfelf
Hoftage for the performance of it, ibid. A re-
markable Reflexion of his upon Ireland, 378.
Alea Regalis, taken by the Turks, 435.
AtBERT, Archduke of Aitflria, a remarkable Story
relating to his Marriage with the infanta, 16. The
appointments made him by the King of Spain, 49.
Arrives with the infanta at Genoa, 65. Arrives in
Lorraine, 88. Arrives at Brtijfels, go. Informs the
Queen he had CommilTion to treat with her, 118.
Offers the States of Holland Carte Blanche to pre-
vent their Treaty with France, 131. Opens Com-
merce with the States of Holland, and why, 380.
An attempt againft his Perfon difcovered, 383. Is
feized with an Epilepfte, ibid.
Aldoerandini, Cardinal, arrives at Chambery from
the Pope, 22,7. The fubjeift of his Commiffion,
ibid. An account of his entry into Lyons, 183.
Concludes the Peace between France and Savoy,
284. The fubftance of that Treaty, iSj, 188. A
difference between him and the French King about
razing the Fort of St. Catharine, 188. That affair
at laft accommodated, and in what manner, ibid.
Alincourt, Monfieur, fent Ambiffador by the French
King to the Pope, 144. The fubjed of his Cora-
mifTion, ibid. From thence to Florence, ibid.
Andreas, Cardinal, 24, 96. Goes into 5/ia;« through

"France, ro4. made Governor oi Milan, 117.
Angus, Earl of, 7, 1 1.

Arbella, Lady, a defign to marry her to the Duke
of Lenox, 4. It is prevented by Queen El:z.abeth,
ibid.
Archer, an Irifi Bifhop, fent to "Rome by Tyrone,
268. The fubjedf of his Commiflion, ibid. Is
taken into the proteftion of Cardinal Sourdis, ibid.
Arragon, Admiral, the fubftance of his propofitions
for a Peace between Spain and Holland, 379. Re-
flexions upon them, ibid.
Akrol, Earl of, 7. See Errol.
Arschot, Duke of, fent by the Archdukes to the
States of Holland, ilj. The fubjeft of his Meffage,
ibid. Made a Knight of the Golden Fleece, 113.
Propofes, and obtains a confiderable Contribution
from the States of Brabant for the Archdukes fer-
vice, 229.
Articles, fee Treaty, Between the Trench King and
the Duke oi Savoy, 236, Between the Englijli and

Trench CommifTionets relating to Commerce,
389, c/c.
AsHBY, lent by Queen Elizabeth to the King of Scots,
3. The fubjedt of his Commifiion, ibid.

AsHFEiLD, Mr. goes into Scotland, 72. Confers fe-
cretly with the Lord Sejord, ibid. Seized, and
brought into England by the Lord Willoughby, ibid.
His Papers feized and the fubdance of them, ibid.
His Charadfer, ibid.

AuvERGNE, Count of, 41 r, 414. His Treafonable
Pradices with the Duke of Savoy difcovered, 398.
Is arretted by the King's orders, 4x5. His behavi-
our in the Baftile, 421. Demands Pardon of the
King on his Knees, 438. Is reftored to favour,
ibid. Signs his ConfeiTion, ibid. Informs the Prin-
cefs of Orange of the danger of the Duke of Bouil-
lon, 440.

AviLA, Alphonfo, 435.

Ayala, fent AmbalTador by the Archduke to the
French King, i6o. The fubjedt of his Commif-
fion, ibid.

B.

BAlladin, Mr. defigned to be the Scotch Refi-
dent in France, 306. His Charadter, ibid.
Balagny, Monfieur, 25.

Barr, Duchefs of, comes to Paris, 34r. Is urged
by the French King to turn Caiholick, 357. Is ob-
liged to a Conference with the Cardinal du Perron,
358. Yet remams conftant in her Religion, ibid.
Is recommended to the Queen by the Ambalfador,
ibid. Refolves to perfevere in her Religion, 365.
Incenfed ag^inft the Duke Bouillon, and why, 366.
The payment of her Penfion refufed, 367.
Barlietta, Prefident, fent AmbafiT.idor by the Duke
of Savoy to the French King, 234. His 'offers on
the part of his Matter, ibid. 'J'he French King's
anfwer to them, ibid.
Barreau, Monfieur do, fent Ambaffidor by the French
King into Spain, 45;. Vilits all the Foreign Mini-
ffers but the Englijh Ambatt'ador, ibtd. The reafon
of that exception, ibid. The fubjetl of his Com-
miffion, ibid.
Baronio, Brocard, his Charader, 397. '
Battorie, Cardmal, his Nephew the Vaivode of Tran-
fylvania refigns his Ellate to him, 30. Is defejted
by the Vaivode of Tranfylvania, and drowned in
his flight, 143.
Beaumont, Monfieur, 327, 362, 37^, 376. Sent Am-
balTador to England, 366. The fubj;cT: of his Com-
miffion, 367. Con'ers with the Englifi) Minifteis,
39^. The fuSftanre of that Conference, ibid.
Beauvoir, Monfieur, 364.
Bedford, Countefs of, dies, 292.
Belleivre, Monfieur, 36, 49, 56. The fubftance of
his Conference with the Englifii Ambalfador, 53,
Made Chancellor, 8r. His Charader, 184, 185
Beilingham, Monfieur rfi;, 241.

Bennht, an Englifi? Prieft, 94, 95, ii8. Sent into
Scotland, and upon wh;t Erranrf, 122, Is furnifhed
with NecelTaries by the Anabaffador of Scotland, ibid.

Bekiotte,

INDEX.

^EKLOTTE, Monfieur, 55. Is killed, 139.
BhRNY, MoKfieur d*, is fent by the French King to the
Duke ot aavoy, 135. The fubjed of his MelFage,
ibid. The Dulies anfwer to him, ibid. Returns to
the French King, ibid.

Bhkne, Canton of, fenrfs an Ambaffador to the Fre»c6
King, 147. The fubject of his Commiffion, ibid.
He is immediately dilpalched by the King, ibid.

Bethune, Monfieur, fent Ambaffador into Scotland-
by the French King, 71. The fubjed of his Com-
miflion, ibid. Recommended to the Secretary by
the EngUpi Amb.iffjdor, and why, 94. Returns
privai:ely from Scotland, ri4. Holds a long Con-
ference with the AmbafTador of Scotland, 117. The
true defign of his Erabaffy to Scotland, 134. Sent
AmbaiTador to Rome, 317. His EmbafTy to that
Court oppofed by Monlieur Villercy, but without
fuccefs, ibid.

Beza, Monfieur, waits upon the French King at Lyons,
179. Is favourably received by the King, ibid,

BmoN, Marefchal, condufls the Engliftj AmbafTador
to his firft Audience, 10. Goe.i\n\.o Bttrgiindy, 135.

■ Takes the Town of Bourg by aflault, and blocks up
the Citadel, ^^,^, 247. The King defigns to give
him the Country of Brejfe in Feudo, ibid. Takes a
ftrong Pafs between Lyons and Geneva, 160. Leaves
the King in difcontent, 288. The caufes of if,
ibid. The King is difpleafed with him, 289. Sent
AmbafTador into England, 347. Returns from his
Embafly in England, 352. His account of the
manner of his reception in England, ibid. Informs
the French King of the Queens averfion to the
King of Scots, ibid. Sent into Swijferland to re-
new the League with the Cantons, 364. Obtains
leave to go from thence into Italy, ibid. His
praftices with the Duke of Savoy difcovered by T>e
la Fin, 403. Is fent for to Court by the King, 407.
The King in great apprehenfion of him, ibid.
Excufes his coming to Court, 408. Offers to jufli-
fy his Condufl, 409. Makes further pretences to
delay his coming, 410. Waits upon the King at
Fottntainblean, 414- The manner of his recepti-
on, ibid. Arretted by the King's order, ibid. His
Speech upon that occafion, ibid. The King's
Speech to the Englifli AmbaiTador concerning him,
417. A large account of the firft caufes of his dif-
contents and praftices, with the manner how they
came to be difcovered, 417, 418, a-c. Sent to the
Baftile; 419. Interrogated by two Prefidents of the
Parhament, 420. His ConfefTion, ibtd. His Beha-
viour in the Baftile, ibid. Confronted with de la
lin, 413. His anfwer to the Firft Prefident, ibid.
His Speech to the Court of Parliament, 427. Sen-
tenced to lofe his Head, ibid. His behaviour at
his Death, ibid. His Charafter, ibid.

Blascon, Monfieur, quits the Proteftant Religion to
preferve his Government, 93.

Blunt, Sir Chrifto^her, condemned, 301. execut-
ed, 307.

Boderie, Monfieur de la, 330, 368. His Projeft for
driving the Spaniards out of the Low Countries,
ibid.

Boidissiere, Monfieur, threatens to kill the French
King, and why, 364. That affair accommodated,
and how, ibid.

Boidissiere, Madam, Introduced by the Queen, and
for what Reafon, 331.

Boissise, Monfieur, 93, 362, 367, 369. The fub-
Ifance of what palT-d at his Audience of the Queen
oi England, 172. Confers with the Englifh Mini-
Rexs, ibid. The Secretary's charafter of him, 174.
A remarkable Letter of his to the Duke of Rohan,
296. Denies it, 316. Is coldly received at his re-
turn, 433.

BoMEiL, The Siege of it raifed, 46, 49.

BoTHWELi, Earl, 4. goes into Spain, i6j.

Boucher, Monfieur, 388. Author of a fcandalous
Libel againft the French King, 368.

Bourg, taken by Marefchal Biron, 241. The Citta-
del blocked up by him, ibid. 247.

Bouillon, Duke of, 24, 34, 48, 54, 128, 162. Is
jealous of any communication with the EngUflj Am-
baffador, and why, 48. Is Well affefted to England,
but dares not fbew himfelf, 94. Difcovers to the
Eiigliflj Ambaffador the defigns of the Spaniards, loc.
His Condudl fufpeded by the French King, 288.
The French King endeavours to make the Queen
of England ]ti\o\ii of him, 310. Jufl:ifies his Con-
dud in that affair, 312, cc. A remarkable Confe-
rence between him and the EngUftj Ambaffador, 328,
eT'f. Confers with Mr. Winwood upon the Caufes
of the Rupture of the Treaty between the two
Crowns at Calais, 348. The King entertains nev?
fufpicions cf him, and fummons him to Courr,
38 J. Waits upon the King, and is well received by
him, 407. Is greatly apprehenfive of the fall of
Marefchal Biron, and why, 410. The fubftance of
his Conference with Mr. Winwood, upon the melan-
choly Pofture of Affairs in France, 411. Purpofes
to retire, 412. A great affront offered him, 432.
Is fummoned again to Court by the King, 437. Is
accufed by the Cardinal ^oyeitfe to the King, ibid.
The King's anfwer concerning him, ibid. Is dif-
fuaded by his Friends from coming to Court, 440.
The Crimes objeded to him by the King, 441. Is
accufed by the King to the Agent of the States of
Holland, and why, ibid. New imputations laid up-
on by Count Auvergne and De Luz, ibid. Retires
privately to Caftres, 448. The French King's pro-
ceedings thereupon, 449. Monfieur Comartin fent
to him by the King, and upon what Meffage, 452.
The Proteftant Churches prefenta Remonftrance in
his behalf to the King, ibid. The King's anfwer
to that Remonftrance, ibid. Is preffed to retire
from Caftres, ibid. New accufations raifed up a-
gainft him, 455. Retires to Geneva, 456. The
Caufes of his going thither, ibid. Goes from thence
to Sedan, ibid. His Condud and Moderation ap-
plauded, ibid. Overtures propofed by Be Rhofny
for accommodating this affair, ibid. Thefe re-
jeded, and why, ibid. The Pope writes in his fa-
vour to the French King, 457. Refledions upon
that incident, ibid. His gallant Declaration to his
Friends, 459.

Brabant, States of, prefs the Infanta to difmifs the
Spaniards, 123. Her anfwer, ibid.

Brandis, Monfieur, agrees to furrender the Citadel
of Monimelian to the French King, 264. Surren-
ders it to the French, 277. Retires into Siuijfer-
land, ibid.

Breton, Chevalier, 20.

BuucE, a Scotch Papift, loi. His Charader, ibid.

Buckhurst, Thomas Sackville, Lord, made Lord
Treafurer, 41.

BuRGAU, Marquis de, 55.

Burleigh, Lord, made a Knight of the Garter, 319.

BuRLEY, Lord, is fent into Holland to buy great quan-
tities of Arms for the Service of the King of Scots,
229.

BuzENVAL, Monfieur, his Conference with the Eng-
i(V?? Ambaffador. concerning the State of the United
Provinces, 363. Solicits their affiftance from the
French King, but without fuccefs, ibid. Returns
to Holland, 397. The purport of his Letters of
Credence, ibid. Why drawn in that manner, ibid.

CAiiiGNON, Monfieur, Chancellor of Navarre,
his Charader, 94.
Carillo, Ferdinand, his Charader, 159.
Castile, Conftable of, the Pope quarrels with him
for incroaching the Jurisdidions of the Archbiftiop
of Milan, 49. And cites him to appear at Roms
about it, ibid.
Cecill, John, 52. an Englifti Prieft, fent to Rome,
by the Earls of Angus, Huntley, &c. 7. His Com-
miflion there, ibid. Oppofes Pary Oglebys's Nego-
tiations at Rome and in Spam, ibid. His objedions
to Ogleby, 8. His objedions to the King of Scots,

9. 10,

INDEX.

p, ro.r 1,11,13. Writes againft the Jcfuits, 108.
A remarkable Letter to hjm by an Englijh }c{ait,
109, crc.

Cecyll, Sir Robert, principal Secretary of State, his
Dirertions to Sir Henr-j Neville lor following the
French Ivini?, 19. About the French fiirnifliing the
Spaniards With Corn, and the Proclamation tliat no
French Ships (liould be molefted by the Kngiifii, ibid.
An account of the Quarrel between the Karl of
F.ffex and him, l6. The French King endeavours
to make it up, ibid. His Opinion of the Treaty
with Spain, 40. Made Mafter of the Court of
Wards, 41. His further Opinion of the Treaty
with Spam, and Diretftions to the AinbalTador how
to deal wirh the French in that matter, 56. His
Direftions about renewing the Alliances yi\(\\ France,
5^, 57. His Refleiftions upon the SpaniJI) Dcfigns
againft HnHand, 90. Uircdls the Amballador about
the Queen's Money, and renewing the Treaty of
Sloys, 91, 91. His Refleftions upon the Conduft
of the French Councel, and Diredions to the Am-
bafTador how to behave in that Affair, 95. His
Opinion of the Peace with Spain, 96. Recommends
an Agent to the Ambaflador, to befecreily imploy-
ed in Spain, 97. His Opinion of the Peace with
the IriJI) Rebels, loj. H:s Charadler of Monfieur
Villeroy, 113. His Refleftions upon the Conduft of
the States of Holland in relufing to join in the Trea-
ty between England and Spain, 138. Orders the
Englijh Ambaffador to confer with the Spanijh Am-
baffador, ibid. How he (hall conduit himfelt in
in that Affair, ibid. Direds him about the Reim-
burfement of the Queen's Debt, ibid. Commends
the Englifh Ambaffador's Conduft, 139. His Opi-
nion concerning the renewing the Alliances with
France, 173. His Charafler of Monfieur de Boijfife
the French Ambaffador , 174. Informs Mr. Win-
wood of the Earl of EJfex'i Tryal, 299. And Beha-
viour at his Death, 301. Diredls him how to pro-
ceed in that Bufinefs with the French King, 307.
Diredfs the Englifi Refident how to proceed about
Monfieur de Boijjtfe's Letter, 314. And in the
Treaty with Spain, ibid. And in relation to the
War in Ireland, ibid. His Opinion of the State of
Oftend, 350. Direfts the Ambaffador in what man-
ner to urge the French King to atfift in the Relief
of it, ibid. Informs him of the Spaniards landing in
Ireland, 351. And direds him how to proceed
with the French Court upon that Incident, ibid.
Direds Mr. Win-wood to urge the Payment of the
Queen's Debt upon her Majefly's fitting out a Fleet
againft Spain, ■^16, ^T]. His Refledions upon the
Confequences of the Defeat of the Spaniards in Ire-
land with rehnon to Spain ?Lnd France, ■^jS. The
Subflance of his Conference with the French Am-
baffador relating to the projeded Alliance, 39?.
And the Treaty between the EngUfli and French
Commiflioners, 396. Direds the Ambaffador at
large how to proceed with the King concerning the
Affair of the Duke of Bouillon, 451, ere.

Chalu, Monfieur, 384.

Chambery, befieged by the Pre»c^ King, 243. Sur-
renders,244. The Articles of the Capitulation, 245.

Champoh, Arriano, his charader, 422.

Charbonniere, Befieged by the French King, 252.

Chattez, Monfieur, 170, 179.

Chiverny, Marquifs de , Chancellour of France, his
Death and Charader, 82. Marquifs, Son of the
Chancellour, receives a great Sum of Money from
the Duke of Savoy , 41J. Pardoned by the King,
ibid.

Cigala, Admiral of the Turks, 435.

Clement Vlllth, See Pope.

Cleruaux, Monfieur, 233.

Clifeord, Sir Conyers, kill'd in an Engagement with
Odonnell, 91.

CoEHAM, Lord, made a Knight of the Garter, 17.

CoLLEsFORD, a Spy, 28, 34. removed from Calais,
66.

CoLviLLE, John, 229, 310, 404.

CoMBELLE, Monfieur, thrown into the BafiiUi 406.
Vol. I.

CbMBLAT, Monfieur, committed to Prifon, 288.

CoNDE, Prince of, 45. In no Favour with the French
King, 48. Refuled Precedency by the Prince of
Conti, ibid.

CoNrLANs, Befieged by Monfieur Lefdiguieries,z^^.

CoNSTAi'.LE, of France, well affedcd to England, but
of no influence, 89, 94. 385.

CoNTENOLE, Monficur, fent by Cardinal Aldobrandini
to the French King, 292. The Subjcd of his Mef-
fagc, ibid.

CoNiv, Prince of, 48.

CooMANs, Moiilieur, paffcs by Paris into Spain, 34.
The Subjcd of his Jnurney thither, ;t;rf. An Ac-
count of his Proceedings in the Treaty bcuveen
England zni Spain, 46. Arrives in England , ^6.
The Subjed of his Negotiation, ibid.

CossE, Monfieur, 2^)9.

Crawford, Earl of, arrives at Paris from Scotland,
137. Purpofes to go to KcOTc, j^<^.

Crocker, a Villain, lent from Spain to affaflinate the
Secretary, 438.

Croise', Monfieur, 38J.

CucHON, Monfieur, 16.

Cuff, Henry, 219, 301.

CuNSTAELE, Henry, Returns from the Pope to the
King of Scotland, 37. Brings that King large Offers
of Monies and Affillance from tfie Pope, ibid.

CuREz, Monfieur de, 407,408,409, 413.

D.

D Avers, Sir Charles, 300. Condemned and ex-
ecuted, 307.

Davers, Sir Henry, 370.

Davis, Sir ^o^'^i 300,301.

Dauphin, born, 346.

Debt, a State of the Debt due to the Queen from
the French King, 29.

Derby, Earl of, made a Knight of the Garter, 319.

Desmond, Earl of, 57. taken Pnfoner, 21 1.

Divorce, Proceedings in the Divorce between Henry
theFounh,3.nA Katharine de Valois his Queen, 10, 3,
115,1 16. The Grounds of that Proceeding, 131.
That Affair concluded, and the Sentence pronoun-
ced, 136.

DocwRA, Sir Henry, fent into Ireland, 319.

Donati, Jofeph, a Senator of Venice, executed therej
339. An Account of the Crimes for which he fuf-
fered, ibid.

DORtA, Carlo, dies at Thoulan, 460.

Dove, Patrick, 376,

EDmonds, Mr. 16, 17, 18,24, 2 J, 33, 34,46,50,
55, 80. Recommended to the Queen as a
moft faithful and able Minifter, 44. Sent Ambafl"a-
dor to the Archduke, 139. The Subflance of his
Inftrudions, «iji. Refatns to England, iji. The
Subjed of his Negotiation at the Archdukes Courtj,
ibid. One of the Commilfioners in the Treaty at
Bulloigne, 187.

Eliot, Mr. His Projed to feize the Havana, 127;
Obtains a Pafport to go to England upon that
Affair, 137.

Emperour, Falls dangeroufly ill, 30. Reported to be
difordered in his Head, 8S. Difcards two of his
chief Minifters, ibid.

England. Queen of. Upon the States Refufd to join
in the Treaty, refolves to treat alone with the Spa^
aiards, 137. Writes to the Archdukes upon that
Subjed, and fends Mr. Edmonds to them to nego-
tiate the Particulars, 139. Lays all the Misfortunes
in Ireland upon the Earl of Efsx, 140. Her An-
fwer to the French Embatfador at his Audience, 172.
Her gallant Refolution concerning the Treaty with
Spain, 174. Refufes to yeild Precedency to the King
of Spain in the Treaty of Bulloign, 204. But fub-
mits to treat upon an Equality, 209. Sends Sir
Henry Bronkard to congratulate the King of Scots
for his Efcape from Earl Cowry's Conrpiracy,2 504
Writes to the French King, 307. To the Frenc.l}
6 C Queens

INDEX.

Queen, 208. Her Execution of the Earl of Ejfex,
and Conduft in that AfFiir highly commended by
the French King, 316. And approved in England,
318. The Redudion of the Kebelhon in Ireland
entirely owing to her ovvn Condud, ji/(i. In great
Danger of her Life by Sicknefs, ■^'ig. Receives an
Embair^dor from the King of Scots, 314. Increafes
that l\.ing's Penfion, 315. The French King asks
her Advice concerning the Duke of £o«;i/Da, 448.
Her AnTwer, wherein fhe gives her Reafons at large
why flie believes him innocent, 451, crc An Ac-
count of her laft Sicknefs and Death, 461.

Entragues, Madamoifelle, Attends the French King
in his Journey, 17. With Child, 131. Refufes to
deliver up the Promife of Marriage made her by
the King, 176. Brought by the King to Grenoble,
and entertained by him in great State, 255 Pre-
feiited to the Queen by the King, 193. Dines in
publick with the King and Queen, ibid Obtains a
Grant from the K;ng of the Contee of Clair mont,
347. Lodged in the Louvre, i6t. Delivered of
a Daughter, 45-9. Her Son legitimated, ibid.

Entragues, Monfteur, 31,34, 50. Made Governor
of Orleans, and why, 48. Refufes to deliver up the
Promife of Martiage made by the French King to
his Daughter, 405.

Erroi, Earl of, 7. See Huntley.

ERiKiN, Thomas, 8.

Essex, Earl of, arrives in Ireland, 17 An Account
of the Quarrel between that Lord and Secretary
Cecyll, and the French King's Endeavours to corn-
pole it, 26. His Proceedings in irif/a»^, 40. His
further Proceedmgs in Ireland, ^-j, ii, 10^. Ar-
rives in England, 11?,. His Reception by the Queen,
ibid. Committed to the Lord Keeper's Houfe, ibid.
The Queen greatly incenfed againft him, and why,
140. DilTavowed by the Council of Ireland, ibid.
Set at Liberty, but forbid the Court, 250. Retires
to his Country Seat, 254, But not without Hopes
of being reftored, ibid, A furiher Account of him,
27r,274. A curious Relation of his Tryal and
Behaviour, by the French Ambaffador, in a Letter
to the Duke of Rohan, 296, crc. Another Relation
of the fame Fadf, by Mr, Secretary Cecytl, 297, ere.
His Confeffion and Behaviour at his Death, 301 , z^c.
A remarkable Speech of the French King's concern-
ing the Manner of his Execution, 309. The Pro-
ceedings agamft him approved by the French King,
316.

EsPERNON, Duke of. In great Favour with the King,
178. An Account of the Quarrel between the
Duke of Guife and him, 282, crc. That Affair ac-
commodated by the King's Orders, 286. Attempts
to feize upon Rochell, 385. Goes to Metx., 434.
An Account of the Quarrel between him and his
Lieutenant at Metz., 459.

EspiNov, Prince of, 366, 372, 410.

Etour, Richard, His Cafe, 3ir. The true Reafon
of thofe Proceedings againlt him, 312. The Am-
balTador's Conference with the Chancellor upon that
Affair, ibid. A further Profecution of that Bufinefs
by the EngliJJ} Ambaffador, 325.

EuREux, Bifliop of, 365. Confers with the Duchefs
oi Barr by the King's Orders, 358.

'AvET, Monfieur, 18.

Ffntry, Lord, Put to Death by the King of
Scots contrary to his folemn Promife, ir.

Ferdinand, Archduke, His diflionourable Retreat
froiTi the Siege of Canifi, 368.

Fin, Monfieur de la, Difcovers Marefchal Birons Prac-
tices to the French King, 403. Delivers up his
Papers to the King, 421. Demands a general Par-
don of all his-Offences, 423. The Crimes charged
unon him , ibid. Infills upon his being made a
Marefchal of France, 4^^. The King and Court
grow< weary of him, ibid.

FiTzHERBERT, Thotr.as, turns Jefuit, 289. '

Florence, Duke of, his Anfwer to Monfieur dtGon-
di's Propofition of the Marriage of the French King
with Mary de Medicis, 27. Arrefls all the Englifh
Merchant Ships in his Harbours, 337. The Caules
of this Proceeding, ibid.

FoNTANELiE, Monlleur, broke alive upon the Wheel,
437. The Crimes objetted to him, ibid,

France, King of, intends a Journey to Marfeilles, 17.
The Caufes of it, ibid. The grounds of his Claim
to the Marquifat of Salluces,ibid. The manner of
his Reception of the EngliJIj Ambaffador at his firft
Audience, 20. His Anfwer to the Spanifli Ambaf-
fador concerning his Matter's affifting the Duke of
Savoy, 25. His Propofals of Marriage with Mary de
Medicis, r-}. The great Duke's Anfwer to that
Propofal , ibid. Confers with the Ambaffador a-
bout his Marriage, 30. Informs him of his Intereft
at the Court of Rome, ibid. Of his Defigns to be
eledled King of the Romans, 31. And of his Pro-
ceedings with the Duke of Savoy, ibid. Revokes
by Proclamation his Troops in the States Service,
42. Yet privately orders their Stay, ibid. Pu-
nilhes certain of his Subjeds for alTifting Count
Maurice , ibid. The Realon of thofe Proceedings,
ibid. The Subftance of his Converfation with the
Engliflj Ambaffador concerning the Affairs of Ire-
land and the SfantJIi Treaty, 62. Is doubtful of the
Succefs of his Treaty with the Duke of Savoy, ibid.
Refolves to go to Lyons upon that Affair, ibid,
Affures the A^nbaffador of his Affedion to the
Queen, 76. Rides poll from Bloys to Paris only
to vifit his Miftrefs, 8r. The Englifi Ambaffa-
dors Charadter of him , ibid. His Conduft in re-
lation to the Spanijli Attempts againft England, 92.
A handfomc Speech of his upon that Occafion,93.
His Proceedings in the Treaty with the Duke of
Savoy, 104. Offended with the Jefuits, and why,
ibid. An account of his Amours with Madamoi-
felle d'Entragues, n6, 176, 241, 255, 293,406,421.
Makes her Father a Marefchal of France, 116. De-
ligns to reftore the Jefuits, ibid. Is unwilling to
put the Marquifat of Salluces into the Pefe's Hands,
117. Refufes to accept Brejfe in exchange for the
Marquifate, tbid. His Refledions upon the Queen's
Proceedings in Ireland, 120, Advifes the Pope to
write to the Queen of England in favour of the
Catholicks, 126. Is uneafy at the Treaty between
England and Spain, 128. Joins entirely with the
Popijl) FiQ.\on,ibid. His Anfwer to the EngUJh
Ambaffador concerning the Prohibition of the Eng-
lifh Manufadfures, 152. Confents to the holding
the Treaty between England and Spain at BuUoigne,
ibid. His Judgment concerning that Treaty, 161.
Is refolved to admit the Council of Trent, 176.
The Parliament of Paris oppofe that Defign, ibid.
Writes to the Pope about the pretended Demoniac
at Rome, 178. His Difcourfe with ihe Engltjh Am-
baffador concerning the Treaty with S/i<i;», 183.
His Opinion concerning the Point of Precedency
between the two Crowns, 184. Grows jealous of
the Spanip Ambaffador, 228. Goes to Lyons, 134.
Declares War againft the Duke of Savoy, 235. Re-
fufes an Audience to the Duke of Savoy's Ambaf-
fador, ibid. Yet is defirous of a Peace, 240. Is ap-
prehenfive of fome Defigns againft his Perfon, ibid.
Befieges Chambery, 243. Publiflies a Manefefio to
juftify his War with Savoy, ibid. Goes in Perfon
to the Siege of Confiaus, 246. Receives an Embaf-
fage from the Town of Geneva, 247. And ano-
ther from the Canton of Beam, ibid. Refufes to
treat with the Duke oi Savoy, 255. Mteis Mary de
Medicis at Lyons, 279. The Solemnities of his
Marriage with that Princefs, 284. Concludes a Peace
with the Duke of Savoy, ibid. The Subftance of
that Treaty, 285, 288. is difcontented at Marefchal
Eiron's Proceedings, 288. Grows jealous of theDuke
of Bouillon and fome other great Men, 289. Re-
turns to FountainbleaM, ibid. Informs the Engiijh
Rcfident of the Earl of EJfex's Rebellion, 294, His
Projedls to get himfelf eieded King oi the Romans,

-304,

I

INDEX.

304. The Treaty between him and the Dults of
Savoy ratified, ibid. His Convcrfation with the
En^li/}) Miniltcr concerning the iiari oi FJJex, 305.
A remarkable Saying ot his concerning the manner
of ihat Lord's iixccution , 309. Endeavours to
render the Duke of Bouillon fulpcdcd by the Queen
upon that Bulinefs , 3 ic. Greatly approves the
Queen's Conduift in piinidiing the Earl of I'Jfex,
316. Refolves not to abandon Oencva, 318. Gets
a new Millrefs, 331. Quarrels with Monfieur de
Rhofny about her, il/id. Takes a fudd.iin Journey
to Calais, 343. The Dcfign of that Journey, iliid.
Returns to FountainbUau, 346. Changes his Dcflgn
for attempting the Relief of 0/ltnd, ibid. The true
Caufes of it, 348. Renews his Alliance with the
Swijfers, 349. His Judgment of the War in Ire-
land, 361. Opens Commerce with Spain, 361. Is
refolved to eftablifli his Navy in the Mediterranean^
380. His Views therein, »i/(i. EftabMlies the ^e-
fuits in moft Parts of the Kingdom, ibid, Difcovers
a dangerous Confpiracy, 385. The principal Per-
fons concerned in it, ibid. Goes to hlois, 403. f!y
Monfieur de la Tin difcovers Marefchal Siren's De-
figns, 403. Is in great Perplexity about it, ibid.
Difcovers the King of Spain's Dcfigns upon Pro-
vence, 404. Becomes reconciled to the Duke of
'Bouillon, ^OT. Summons Marefchal Biron to Court,
ibid. Orders a Levy of the Swiffe Troops, ibid.
His peculiar Difpofition in forming his Refolutions,
409. Removes to Ptf»<3/cr J, 410. From thence to
Orleans, 411, Grows jealous of the Duke of Mont-
fenfier, ibid. Refolves not to enter into War with
Spain, 413. The manner of his receiving Maref-
chal Biron at his firft coming to Court, 414. Com-
mands the Marefchal and the Count Auvergne to
be arrefted, 414, 41J. A remarkable Speech of the
King's to the Englifh Miniftet upon the Marefchal
Biron s Imprifonment, 417- The true Caufes of
bis Proceeding to Extremity with the Marefchal,
419. Difcovers another dangerous Confpiracy, ib.
His Refolutions thereupon , ibid. His Anfwer to
the Proteftation of the Spanifli Ambaffador, 421. Is
defirous the Conftable and Duke d'Efpemon fhould
be prefent at the Marefchal's Tryal, 414. Difco-
vers new Praftices againft his Perfon , ibid, fends
the Cardinal Joyeufe to Rome, 431. Pardons the
Baron de Luz, and fends for him to Court, 44J.
Gives out that the Treaty between England and
Spain will be renewed , 44C). His Views therein ,
447. Summons the Duke of Bouillon to Court, ib.
His further Proceedings againft the Duke of Eoitil-

/o», 448,454,45 5- „ , , ^ .

France, Court of, the Temper of the Court in re-
lation to the Treaty between England and S^ain,
34. The Difpofition and Genius of the Miniftry
exhibited in a Device, 175, 176. The Difpofition
of the Court in relation to the War with Spain,

434, Council of, their Divifion upon the attempts

of the Spaniards againft England, pi. The Cha-
racfters of the feveral Great Minifters at the French
Court, ibid.

FuENTEs, Count, made Governor of Milan, 158.
His vaft Commiffion, 175, 153. Draws his Forces
together, 318. His Defigns, ibid. His Dcfigns a-
gainft the French King, 411.

Fugitives, a curious account of their feveral Fadi-
ons and Interefts, 51. The Heads of the FaSion af-
ter the death of Mary Queen of Scots, ibid. Their
offers in cafe of obtaining their Pardon, 161, 161.

GAbriele, Madam, 27- .

Gast, Monfieur de, is affaffinated by the order
of the Duke of Guife, 333. His Charader, tbtd.
Geneva. Citizens of, fend an EmbalTy to the Frerah
King to Chambery, 247- The fubjed of their
Commiffion, ibid. The French King's anfwer to
them, ibid.
GiEFORD, Dr. treats with Ogkby in Flanders, 8. His
Charafter, ibid.

GoNDY, Monfieur, lo.

Gordon, Jjmes, fci.t by the King of Scots to Romt,
to demand Money of the Pope, li. Is betrayed
to Queen Elizabeth, and his Negotiation dilco-
vercd, 11, 13.

Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, 300.

CowRr, Earl of, recommended to Sir Robert Cecyl
by the Engli/1; AmbifTidor, as a Petfon able to dil-
covcr the King of iVor's dcfigns, 156. Himfelfand
Brother killed in the King ot scot's prcfence, 249.
The true caufes of their deaths, 274.

Grand, Monfieur le, 49, ;j. Is ftabbed in the
Thigh by Prince joynvitle, 86. The cauics of
that Quarrel, ibid. Is fent by the French King to
perform the contraifl of Marriage with Mary it
Medicis, 240.

GRAr, Lord, imprtfoned in Ireland, 47. The caufes
of ir, ibid. AiTaults Lord Southampton in the
Streets, 292. Is committed to the lower, ibid.

Gray, Patrick, Vifits the Englijli Ambaffador at Pa-
rts, 53. His Charaftcr, 53, 94. Goes to meet
Earl Bothwdl at Brnjfels, 114, His defigns fuf-
peded, ibid. Has private accefs to the Archduke
and Infanta, n.-j.

GuicciARDiNE, Agent of the Creit Duke at the
French Court, dies of an Apoplexy, 26.

GuicciARDiNE, Pietro, recommended by the EngliJJ)
Minifter to Sir Robert Cecyl, 402. His Charader,
ibid.

Gi'isE, Duke of, 55. Is in great favour with the
People, 66. Quarrels with the Duke of Efpemonj,
282, 283. That difference accommodated by the
King's command, 286. Is fent to his Government
of Provence, 398. Goes in Poft to his Govern-
ment, 404.

Guise, DuchetTes of, Are baniflied the Court for exafpe-
ratirig the Queen againll the Marquifs de Vernue'il, 3984

H.

HAnseTowns, the anfwer of the Engl'ifh Com-
niiffioners to their Memorial, 57.

Harrison, Thomas, 311, 312.

Hesse, Landgrave of, arrives at Pdris, 439. The
true Caufes of his Journey, 440. The French King
treats him with great refpedl, 443. Returns home,,
ibid. His Charader, tbid.

Holland, States of, defire to be countenanced by
Queen Elizabeth in their Negotiations at the Court:
of France, 24. Are uneafy at the revocation of
the French Troops from their Service, ibid. Send
an EmbalTy to the French King to demand his
Proteiftion, 132. Their difpofition to the French
Nation confidered, ibid. Refufe to join in the
Treaty between England and Spain, 137. Their
State, Interefts and Powers confidered, 363.

Holland, Agent of, fee Aerfens.

Holt, Father, 9. "

Hume, Lord, 45. Is fent by the King of Scots to
the Pope, 37. Reconciles himfelf to Earl Bothweli
by the mediation of Father Parfons, and with the
privity of the King oiScots, 146. Is fent Ambaffa-
dor by the King of Scots to France, 431. The fub-
ftance of his Commiffion, ib'id. Returns home, 43 j,

Huntley, Earl of, with the Earls of Errol and An^
gus, fend Dr. \}ohn Cecil to oppofe Pitry Oglebys's
Negotiation at Rcme and in Spam, 7.

L

J Ames, King of Scots, fee Scotland.
James, Dr. dies, 292.
i„MEs, Thomas, a Ruffian, fent by the Jefuits into
England, 34r. Returns into Spa'in, 364. Is made
Agent for the Engiif} Catholicks in Spain, 389.
Ibarra, Stephen de, 9, 14.

Jeannin, Monfieur, fent hmh^Siior to \\ie Archduhii
388. The fubjed of his Commiffion, ibid. Ac-
commodates the difference between the Count Litf
iis and the Prince oi Efpiaoy, 410.

Jesuitsji

INDEX.

Jesuits, oblige all the EngUfl) Catholicks to fubfcribe
to the Infanta's Title to the Crown of England,
<i. Are oppofed therein by Paget and others, ibid.
The heads of the Jefuits faiftion, ibid. Endeavour
their reftitution in trance, 86. Are f.ivoured by
Moniieur VtlUroy, ibid. The French King fuffers
them to refide in many Places, 380.

Indian-Company, its firft Eftabliftiment, 271, 274,
187.

Infanta, her Title to the Crown of England main-
tained by the Jefuits, 52,. Arrives with the Arch-
duke at Brujfels, 90. Is difcontented, and why, 375.

JoYEusE, Cardinal, arrives at Paris from Rome, 103.
his proceedings with Margeret de Valois upon her
Itivorce irom Kht French King, 103, irj, 11(5. Is
fent to Rome, 431. Accufes the Duke of Bouillon
to the French King, 437.

JoYNViLLE, Prince, ftabs Moniieur le Grand in the
Thigh, 86. Refufes to ask his pardon, izi. The
manner how that difference was compounded, 113.
Is baniftied the Kingdom, 367. Returns without
leave, 398. Is obliged to retire again, ibid. Con-
felTes his holding Correfpondence with the King of
Spain, 4^6. Braves the Baron de Lux. in the King's
Prefence, ibid. Is committed Prifoner to the Duke
of Guife his Brother's cuftody, ibid.
Ireland, The proceedings of the War in that King-
dom, 40, 57, m, 131, 154, 17^, 318.

M.

LAsCo, Roderigo, 40I.
Laverdin, Marefchal, 42, 4Z2, 424, 434.

Lee, Thomas, an account of his apprehending and ex-
ecution, 197, 301.

Le Grand, Moniieur, fee Grand.

Le Motte, Monfieur, appointed by the French King
AmbaiTador in Spain, 49. Accepts that Employ-
ment, 55. Goes from Sfain, 75. Dies at Bour-
deaux, 93.

Lenox, Duke of, 4, 3; 3. Sent Ambaffador by the
King of Scots to the French King, 342. His firft
Audience, and the fubjeft of his Commiffion, ibid.
Ordered to repair to England, 357. Leaves Paris,
ibid.

Lenox, Earl of, the King of Scots, charges Queen
Elizabeth to be the caule of his death, 3.

Lesdiguieres, Moniieur, 421. Arrelts the Farmers
of Salt in Dauphine, 363. The occafion of it,
ibid. Juftifies his proceedings, ibid.

Le Sieur, Stephen, i6.

Letter, a remarkable one wrote to the Duke of
Rohan, relating to the Earl of Epx's Trial, 296,
297, cc. Complained of by the Englijh Refident,
316. Several Conferences about it, 316, 319, 320.
The French Miniflers difavow it, ibid And charge
it upon the Proteilants, 311. The Queen charges
the French Ambaffador's Son to be the Author of it,
324. Copies of this Letter fent to other Courts,
ibid. It is confefTed to be wrote by the French Am-
baffador's Son, 327. The Duke of Rohan difavows

it, 33^-

Levison, Sir Richard, deftroys the Spanijh Squadron
in the Port of Caftlehaven, 369.

LindsEY, Sir James, 442.

LiN6is, Count of, 366, 410.

Lock, Mr. 49.

LuLLiN, Marquis de, comes AmbaiTador from the
Duke of Savoy to the French King at Lyons, 235.
His offers rejefled by the French King, ibid. De-
mands a Pafport to return, 243. Some Letters of
his intercepted, 253. The purport of them, ibid.
Makes new Ptopofals on the part of his Matter,
155- The French King's anfwer to them, ibid.

LussAN, Moniieur i^c, 20.

Luz, Monfieur de, 420. Flies into the Franche Comte,
422. Obtains his Pardon and comes to Court,
445. Difcovers the Secrets of Marefchal Biron's
Confpiracy, and his Letters to the King of Spain,
ibid.

MAiNE, Duke of, moves the French King to pro-»
long the term in the Towns given him for
his fecurity, 363. The King's anfwer to his pro-
pofition, tbid. Is ordered to come to Court, 446.
The King grows jealous of him, ibid.
Mansfeild, Count, his defign upon Metz, 321. The

projeft difappointed, and how, ibid.
Mantua, Duke of, arrives at Spaw, jj. The defign

of that Journey, ibid.
Mar, Earl of, fent Ambaffador into England by the
King of Scots, 301, 302. The fubjedl of his Com-
miflion, 324.
Mary De Medicis, efpoufed to Henry the 4^'' by
Proxy, 265. Arrives at Jotilon, ibid. The man-
ner of her reception at Marfeils, 266, r6-j. A
particular account of her Perfon, c/c. ibid. Her re-
ception at Aix, 276. At Avignon, 277. The
King meets her at Lyons, 279. The Solemnities
of her Marriage, 283, 284. Arrives at Paris, zg^.
The Queen of England's Letter to her, 308. An-
fwers that Letter, but refufes to write with her
own Hand, ibid. The caufes of her refufal exa-
mined, ibid. The King keeps her in ignorance of
Affairs, ibid. Quarrels with the Marquis de Ver-
nueil, 398.
Maurice, Count, 230. Takes the Fort of St. Andre
in Bomelfwart, i-jg. BeReges Newport, ii^. Raifes
the Siege of Fort Ifabella, 232. Raifes the Siege of
Bolduc, 364. Befieges Grave, 427.
Memorial, fee Neville, the Englifl; Ambaffador's firft
Memorial, 27. The French King's anfwer to it,
35. His fecond Memorial, 67. The anfwer to
it, 87. His third Memorial, i6j. His laft Me-
morial, 170.
Merc^ur, Duke of, 123. Dies of the Plague at

Prague, 397.
Merrick, Sir Gelly, condemned for High TreafoHs

301.
Messe, Monfieur de, declines accepting the Embaffy
to England, 342. The caufes of his refufal, 342,
362.
Mombarreau, Monfieur, is thrown into the Baftile,

445. The Crimes alledged againft him, ibid.
MoNTG arret. Lord, offers to furrender hirafelf to

the Earl of EJfex, 40.
Montigni, Monfieur, 364.

MoNTMELiAN, The Town taken by Monfieur Lefdi-
guieres, 243. The Citadel blocked up, ibid. The
Commander of the Citadel agrees to furrender it,
264, 26j. The terms of agreement, ibid. Sur-
rendred to the French King, 177. Monfieur de
Crequi made Governor of it, ibid.
MoNTPENsiER, Duke of, 45, 385,407,409. 'Waits
upon the King, 412. The King grows jealous of
him, ibid. His offences pardoned by the King, 438,
Mora, Chriftcphero di, made 'Viceroy of Portugal,
159. The People difcontented at his promotion^
ibid.
Mountjov, Lord, made Deputy of Ireland, 139.
Entirely defeats the Spanifli Forces in that King-
dom, 369, 370, 377,. 378. Is in great favour with
the Queen, ibid.

N.

NEwouBs, Duke of, is fent by the French King to
the Duke of Savoy, 245. Returns, and' has
feveral private Conferences with Monfieur Vilk-
roy, 253.
Nevers, Duke of, 45, 389.

Neville, Sir Henry, fent Ambaffador to France, j6.
Arrives at Veipe, 18. His firft Audience, and the
manner of his reception by the King, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24. His feveral Memorials prefented to the
Council of State, 27, 67, 165, 170. The fubftance
of what paffed at his fecond Audience, 29, 30.
His Conference with Monfieur Villeroy upon the
fubjedi of his firft Memorial, 31, 32. His Judg-
ment

INDEX.

hient upon the Treaty between England and Sfain,
and of ihc proper time for concluding it, 34, 47,
10(5, 107, 160. Confers wiih Monlicur de litllti-
"vre concerning the French Aiilwer to his firfl Me-
morial, 36. Inlornis Mr. Secretary Cec^U of the
King of ico/j Ncgoti.itions with the I'ope, 37. His
Letter to Monlicur I'llUroy, ibid. Monlicur Villt-
roy's Aiifwer, 38. His Conduct highly approved by
Quecii h:lii.abeih, 40. Delircs his Inflances at the
trench Couit may be fcconded in England, 41.
His fecond L'.'ttcr to Monficur ydleroy, 43. Ke-
commends Mr. Edmondes to the Queen and Secre-
tary, 44, 45. Refufes to be prclent at the King
of Spain's (Jbfcquies, 4j. His Remarks upon the
SpaniJ]/ Treaty, and the Advantages he could draw
from France thereby, 47. Deiircs to have the fe-
cret of that tranfaflion communicated to him, ibid.
His Chara(5ier of the En^li/li Fugitives, and ho\v
the Queen ought to proceed wiih them, 51. Ad-
vifes, that if a Peace (liould be concluded with
Spain, the Infanta fliould renounce her Claim to the
Crown of England, 51. The confequences of her
Renunciation conlidcred, ibid. Informs the Secre-
tary of Pi4ry Ogleby's Negotiation in Spain, ibid. The
/ubdance of his Conference with Monfieur Beleivre,
53. And with Moniieur Villercy, 54. His third
Audience of the King, 61, 6i. His Opinion con-
cerning the Treaty of Blots, and what alterations
ought to be made in it, 73. His advice concern-
ing the granting Letters oi Mart, 75. The mea-
fures taken by him for fupprelTing the Englifi Se-
minary at Rheims, 75, 80. The fubftance of what
paffed at his fourth Audience, 75, 76. Confers
with Moniieur Vilkroy upon the fame fubjeft, 77.
And with Monfieur ds Khofny, 80. His Conte-
rence with the French Council concerning Depreda-
tions, 81. His Judgment of the Spanifi Defigns a-
gainif England, 89^ Confers vvith the Conftable,
ibid. His Charader of him, ibid. Confers with
Monfieur Villeroy concerning the Spanifi attempts
againll England, loi, loi. And with the Chan-
cellor, ibid. Recommends a Prieft to the Secreta-
ry to I'erve in Spain, ro4. Sufpeds the Friendfhip
of the French to England, 106, 107. Urges the
conclulion of the Peace in Ireland, iio, 12,1.
His Judgment concerning the Treaty for Marine
Caufes, iij, 116, 118. His Refledions upon the
ISull for condituting Blackwell Archprieft in Eng-
land, ii8. His anlvver to the threats of the Lieu-
tenant Civil for having Sermons in his Houfe, ibid.
His Reflections upon the Treaty between France
and Holland, and of the Genius and Difpofition of
the Dutch, I3Z. Recommends a Perfon to be em-
ployed at Rome, to have an Eye upon the King of
Scot's Negotiations at that Court, 143, 145. Dif-
patches the Agent to Rome, 146. Dilcovers to the
Secretary the King of Scots dangerous Defigns, 146,
147. The rubfl:ance of his Conference with Mon-
fieur Villeroy, 147, 148. And with Monfieur de
Khofny, 149. His Refledions upon the French
Councils, 154. And advice thereupon, iifi. Con-
fers with the Spaniflj and Venetian AmbalTadors, ibid.
Is appointed firft Commiflloner in the Treaty with
Spain, i^-], 171. His Audience of the French
King delayed, and why, 158. Informs the Secreta-
ry of the Spanifli defigns agiinft Ireland, 160. His
Opinion how to deal with France in that conjunc-
ture, 16 r. Moves the Secretary for the Renewing
the Alliances between the two Crowns, 163, 177.
Confers with Monfieur Villeroy upon that fubjed,
168. His Judgment of that affair, and of the
^French Councils, and their difpofition to England,

ibid. The fubftance of what p.iffed at his latt Ati-
d'lence, 183,184. His final Judgment of the Friend-
fhip and Alliance of France, 184. Advifes Mr.
Wmwood to penetrate the defigns of Spain upon the
rupture of the Treaty at Bulloigne, 131. And in
what manner to proceed with the French on that
occafion, 131. Direds Mr. Wimuood how to pro-
ceed in his Negotiation with the Venetian and Fttt-
rentine AmbalTadors, 148, 149, 170, z-ji. Informs
Vol. L

him of the true ftite of the Treaty with Spain, 17 r^
Orders him to penctrjie the Sentiments ol the Ita-
lian Prin^'cs Ufon the War with Savoy, and Caidi-
nal jitdobrandini's Negotiations with ihe Frerch
King, 174 His own Apology concerning his be-
ing privy to liic Earl of Effcx's Confpiracy, 302,
303, 304. is committed to the Tower lor that
Offence, 315.
NoKTHUMBEiiLAND, Eirl of, with thc Lord Cobham
and Sir Waller Rawleigh, goes to Holland, lij,
230, 131.
NoilE, Monlicur de la, the Spanifli AmbalTador, com-
plains of him to the King. 15. Thc French King's
Iccret Orders to him, 41. Keturns to Paris, izj.
The drfign of that Journey, /i;^. Is rernovet) by
the States of Holland from their Service, 293.
NuMCio, arrives at Paris to congratulate the liirth of
the Dauphin, 3(^4. Complains of the affilf.-.nce
given to the States by the French King, and his
I'ufFcring an Amb.ifl'ador to refi.le amongft them,
36<f. The icing's anfv/er, ibid. Is entirely de-
voted to the Spaniards, 406.

O.

DoNNi;t, 91, toj. Fli^s into Spain, 379.
Ogleby, Pury, the fubftance of his Negotiati-
on at the Court ot Spa'm, 1,2, 3, cc. Objcdions
made to him by Cecil an EngUfi Fneft, 8. Treats
for the King of Scots in Flanders and at Rome, 8, 9.
Is flopped at Barcelona by 01 Icr of the King of
Sfair), r5. His Negotiations dilcdvered by the
Englijh AmbalTador at Paris, ^i.

Oneaie, Sir Arthur, The Queen propofes to confer
the Earldom of Tyrone upon him, 23 r.

Orange, Prince of, obtains the poiTeflion ofhisEffate
in the Low Countries, 93. Goes into Sjpain, 368;
Returns to Paris, 401.

Orange, Princefs of> 24.

Orme, Mr. 233.

Ormond, Eail of, taken Prifoner by treachery in
Ireland, 175. Is releafed, 2ii.

O RoRK, Loid of, betrayed by the King of Scots ta
Qjeen Elizabeth, 11, Is beheaded, ibid.

OsTEND, beficged by the Spaniards, 368, 371.

Owen, an Engti/li Fugitive, 52.

PAGET,
tlie C

His Con dud its

Charles, 8, 45, 49, 7r-
Quarrels araongll the Popifh Fugitives, 51.
The fubftance of his Conference with the Engiifh
AmbalTador, 89, 90. Difcovers to the AmbalTador
the King of Scots defigns, lot. Is recommended
to Mr. Secretary Cecyl by the AmbalTador, 104,
134, 161, 310. His Services rejeded, 7r, m.
Informs the Engiifh AmbalTador of the Spanifli de-
figns againfc Ireland, 3 10. And of an attempt a-
gainft the Perfon of the Queen, 441.

Paris, ifaac, imprifoned for correfponding with the
Duke of Efpernon, 385. Is tortured, but confefTes
nothing, 398.

Parry, Sir Thomas, 401, 4i(5. Appointed AmbalTa-
dor at the French Court, 387.

Parsons, Father, a Jel'uit, 9. His condud in the af-
fair of the Succeffior, 51, 51. Difluades Cecill the
Priefl: from writing againft Criton the Jefuir, 109.
Endeavours to reconcile himfelf to the King of
Scots, 388. Ssnds a Jefuit into England to attempt
the Queen's life, 442. Lofes his Credit, and is on-
ly lupportcd by the Spaniards, 443.

Pasqi'ier, Monfieur, loi, 117, 41J, 416. Writes a-
gninft the Jefuits, loi. Is forbid to print his Book,
123. Yet refolves to go on with it, ibid. Sends
his Book to Queen Elizabeth, 40J.

Patriarch, of Confiantinople, 240, 260, 262, 263,
Admitted to Audience of the French King, 242.
His Demands, ibid. The King's anfvver, ibid.

Pav/let, Sir Anthony, dies, 233.

Pennington, Laird of, fent by theKing of Sc<"j into
France, 122,

6 D Pensioms,

I N D E X.

Pensions, retrenched by the French King, 367.
Perez, Antonio, ^66, 404, 406.

PiNCON, Alrel, 3f9.

Plessis, Monficur de, 94, 398. His Life attempted
by fome Affaffins, 381, The King is delirous 10
recall him to Court, 398.

Pole, Arthur, 422.

Pope, Clement VIII. his proceedings againft the Vice-
roy of Naples, 30. His particular refpedl for the
Trench King, 31. PrelTes the French King to re-
flore the Jefuits, 153- Solicits the Peace between
France and Savoy, z6z. The ftrift AlUance be-
tween him and the French, 365. His Letter to
the French King concerning the Duke of Bo'iiilkn,
4;7.

popHAM, Sir ^ohn, fworn of the Privy Council, 41.

Power, Sir Henry, 370.

Prasun, Mouiieur, 44;, 446.

Precedency, The point of Precedency between Eng^
land and Spain debated at large, 194, 195, 196,
197, 201, 202, 203. The Queen refufes to yield
it to Spain, 204, 205. Some expedients propofed
1 by the Spanifi Commiffioners, 206. But are rejed-
ed, 207.

Priests, three of ihera feized at Rochel, 65.

Protestants, French, are infulted at Grigny, 37.
The Froteftants beyond the Loyre refufe to accept
the Edift of Nantes, and why, 48. Great ani-
moficies between them and the Papifts, ibid. A
very malicious contrivance againft them by fome
Priefts at Limoges, 55. The manner how it was
difcovered, ibid. Are highly difcontented, 178.
Refolve to arm for the rehef of Geneva, 319.
Are inlblted at Lyons and Bourdeaiix, ibid. ■

R.

Atcliffe, Sir Alexander, killed in an Encoun-
ter with Odonnel in Ireland, 91.

Hawleigh, Sir Walter, 215, 230, 231, 233.

Retz, Marelchal i^s, made Governor of Orleans, 40J.

Rhosny, Monfieur de, 80, 363, 364, 372, 376, 401,
412,413,43;. His Charaitter, 94, 259. His Dif-
pofition to the £»^/i/7rNation, 94, Is forward to
eftablifh the Jefuiis in France, 365. His great Pow-
er, 166. iVlade Governor of the Baftde, 380. His
projeft for making an attempt upon Flanders, 383.
Urges the Kmg's Voyage into Poi£lou, 389. Made
a Counfellor in the Parliament, 398.

RiCHARDOT, Monfieur, The fublbnce of his Propo-
lition to the Engliflj C iramiffioners, 216, 230.
The CoramilTioners anl'wer, 217, 218. It is re-
jefted by the Queen, 219, 220. Reflexions upon
it, 230.

Rochellers, refufe to fufFer Mafs to be celebrated
in their City, 48. The Parliament thereupon fuf-
pend the Ediift of Nantes, ibid. The Arret is
lufpended by the King's orders, 54.

Rochepot, Monfieur de, appointed Ambafii^ador in
Spam, 102. Several of his Servants impiifoned
there, 342. Riturns to Paris, 352.

RoNCAs, Monfieur, Secretary to the Duke of Savoy,
attends the Patriarch to Paris, 123, The fubjedt
of his Commifilon, ibid. Comes to Lyons to treat
with the French King, 23;. His Propofitions are
rejedled, ibtd. Confers with the Spanijli Ambaffa-
dor at Turin, 243.

Roquelaure, Monfieur, is d fpatched by the French
King to Paris, and upon what Errand, 241.

<AiNt George, Monfieur, 38;.
y St. German, Monfieur, prelents the Remonflrance

of the French Proteftint Churches to the King, 454.

His Majefty's anfwer to it, ibid.
St. Julian, Monfieur, 40J.
Saker, Lord, 368.
Sallagnac, Monfieur de, 55;.
Salluces, Marquifat of, the French King's Title to

it, 17. The Treaty between the Frenchllmg and

Duke of Savoy concerning it, 236, 237, 238, 239.

Savoy, Duke of, fortifie.^his Frontier Tov/ns, 18. Ob-
tains a prolongation of the time fixt for his refolv-
ing to accept the Treaty, 2;. Seizes feveral Per-
fons, 93. Fortifies his Towns in Savoy, ibid. Re-
folves upon a Journey to Paris, 124. Refleftions
upon that Journey, 126. Comes with the French
King to Paris, 136. His feveral Propofitions to
the French King, ct'c ibid. Offers to yield up the
Marquifat oi Salluces, if the French King will aban-
don the proteflion of Geneva, ibid. That pr<3-
pofal rejedted, ibid. His further proceedings in the
Treaty, 142, 234. Leaves the French Court, 153.
Sends an EmbafTy to the French King at Lyons,
23;. The proceedings in it, ibid. The French
King declares War againfl him, ibid. His ftrange
Conduifl in that War, 243. The French King re-
fufes to treat with his AmbafiTdor, 255. His Rea-
fons for not delivering up the Marquifat of Salluces,
263. Concludes a Peace with the French King by
the mediation of Cardinal Aldoirandini, 284. The
fubttance of that Treaty, 28;, 288. ~ Defers the
ratification of that Treaty, 292. At laft delivers
up Brejfe to the King, 304. His defign upon Mar-
feils, 318. And againlf the King's Perfon, ibid.
Pradfifes with Marefchal Biron, and offers him his
fecond Daughter in Marriage, 403. Sends his
three Sons Hoftages into Spain, 404. His behavi-
our upon hearing the News of Marefchal Biron's
imprifonraent, 424.

ScAMBouRG, Monfieur, appointed Ambafl"ador from
the Emperor at the Court of France, 366. The
fubjeft of his Commiffion, ibid. Arrives at Pa-
ris, 397.

Scotland, King of, fee James. Sends Mr. Ogkby into
Spain to negotiate an ofFenfive Alliance with that
Crown, 2. His reafons for changing his Religion,
and turning Catholick, 2, 3, 4. H;s offers to the
ICing of Spain, 5. His demands of that King, 6.
Objections to his Sincerity in the change of his Re-
ligion, 9, 10, II. Sends the Lord Hume to Rome,
37. Is fiifpeded to hold a ftridt correfpondence
v/ith the Pop:fh Princes, ibid. The true caufes of
this Conduft, 52. Quarrels with the Lord Wil-
lotighby for conveying Aflifeild out of Scotland,
72. is prefl'ed by the Spaniards to join with them
againft Queen Elizabeth, lor. The Bufinefs of
Ajlifeild accommodated, loj, 114. Buys up great
quantities of Arms, 229. Defigns to unite the Ab-
bey Lands to the Church, 271. Banifhes feveral
Minifters for refufing to keep the Anniverfary of
Earl Goivry's Confpiracy, ibid. Makes a general
Alliance with Spain, 296. His defigns greatly fuf-
pedled, 302. Sends an Embaffy into England, 30:.
The Queen augments his Penfion, 32;. Some
pradfices fet on foot by his Queen againft him, 326.
Monfieur dc Rhofny's Charadter of him, 388,

Scotland, Ambaffador of, 24, 4;, 306. Drav;s ma-
ny of the Scottifh Noblemen to X\\t RDViifl) Religi-
on, 134. Confers fecretly with the Archduke's
Ambalfador, 304. Solicits the Niintio to eredf two
Seminaries for the Scotch Nation, one at Paris, and
the other at Rome, 367, 368. Solicits the Pope to
make the Bifiiop of Weems a Cardinal, 388. His
Condudl greatly prejudicial to his Mafter's Ser-
vice, ibid.

ScRooPE, Lord, made a Knight of the Garter, 17.

Sebastian, the pretended King of Portugal, reieafed
from his confinement at Venice, 289. Is defirous to
go into England, ibid. The Englijli Ambaffador
oppofes it, ibid. Is difcovered to be an Impoftor,
290. Is feized by the gre.Tt Duke at Leghorn,' 294.
Deliveted to the Viceroy of Naples, 333. Is chain-
ed to an Oar, 430. His behaviour in that calami-
tous ftate, Hid. The Duke of Medti^a Sidonia vi-
fits him, ibid. A remarkable pafiT^ge between
them, ibid.

Sebure, Monficur, lands in Ireland, 3^9.

Seford, Lord, ill affedled to the Englifi, 72. In
great Credit with the King of Scots, ibid. Treats
with Afifeild, ibid.

Semple, Colonel, 7.

Sesse,

INDEX.

Sesse, Duke of.'y-

SiiBuwoOD, 404.

SutERv, Moiilieur </f, 31,346.

Suing AUDI, Gaffar, 10.

Simple, Colonel, nominated by the King of icnti his

Aiuba^Fsdor at Brujjeli, 7.
Smith, Oiwell, 49.
SoissoNs, Count of, leaves the Trench Court in dif-

contcnt, 178. His Tendon fiirpcncied, ibiJ.
SoLMi s, Count, arrives at the French Court in quali-
ty ot AniballAilor trom the tlertor Palatine, 385.
Tiie fubjcdt of his Commiflion, ibid.
SouRDiAC, Monfieur, 70. 76.

SourKAMproN, Earl of, Commits the Lord Grey to
Cullody, 47. Is aflaultcd by that Lord in the
Streets, 191. Is fciicJ with the Karl of Epx, ig-j.
Is arraigned and condemned, 300.
Spain, King of. Lays an Embargo upon the French
Ships, 17, r34. His great preparations, 49, De-
fires leave to bring his Fleet into Brejl, 70. His de-
figns againll England, too, 117. His Fleet returns
to Fsrrol, loi. PurpolLS to raife a vafl Army and
go in I'erfon to Lisbon, 134. His ddigns againlt
Ireland, 160, i6i, 165, 310, 338, 340. Sends af-
fiHance to the Rebels in /n:/.i«^ during the Treaty
at Bulloigne,, 201, in. The infanta reilgns her
Claim to the Crown of England to him, 117. His
Condudl in the War between France and Savoy,
243, 153. Swears to perioim the Tre-.ty of Vcr-
tiins, 253. His Forces in Ireland min Ay defeated
by the Lord Mountjoy, 369, 370. Defigns to go
into Italy, 371. Seizes the Port of Final, 3S3.
His defigns upon the Ifle of Height, 401.' And a-
gainfl. the French King, 404.
Spain, Ambairador of, complains of the affiflance
given by the French King to the States of Holland,
25, 409. The French King's orders thereupon,
ibid. Delires a Conference with the Englifi Ara-
bafl.idor upon the Treaty between France and the
States, 133. Moves the Freac^ King that the 5ra/£f
Ships may be removed out of the Habours of Dan-
kirk and Newport, 410. Refufes to be prefent at
the Ceremony of fwearing the League between
the French King and the Swifs Cantons, 443.
Spain, Commiilloners, fee Treaty. Their feveral
Arguments in favour of the Precedency of Spain,
19s, 197, 198. Offer that if the Queen of Eng-
land can induce the States to join in that Treaty,
to treat in Holland, and there yield her Precedency,
216. Their offer confidered and rcjeded by the
Queen, 219.
SpiNOLA, Ambrofe, 90, 371, 389, 409.
Spinola, Frederigo, 372, 389, 401, 412, 413, 435,

His Squadron defeated, 439.
Stanley, Sir V/ilUam, 52.
Sterrille, William, 404.

Strasburg, Adminiftrator of, arrives at Parts, 432.
The fubjed of his Negotiation, ibid. His Bag-
gage feized in his return through Champaignc, 446.
Sussex, Earl of, made a Knight of the Garter, 17.
SwissE, Cantons of, renew their Alliance with the
French King, 373. The terms of that Alliance,
ibid. Their Deputies arrive at Paris, 441. The
manner of their reception, ibid. The League
fworn, 443.

TAxis, ^ohn Baptifta, fee Spanifi Ambaffador,
Thou, Monfieur de, his Conference with Mr.
Winwood, 319, 320. His Charafter, ibid.

Tours, Baron de, fent Ambaffador to Scotland, 422.
The fubjeft of his CommifTion, ibid.

Transilvania, Vavode of, fends home his Wife, 30.

Treaty, The ftate and progrefs of the Treaty be-
tween the French King and Duke of Savoy, con-
cerning the Marquifat of Salliues, 25, 31, 62, 104,
123, 126, 142, 150, 153, 234, 235, 242,255, 260,
262, 263, 277, 280. The Articles of the Treaty
at Lyins, 236, 237, 238, 239. The Treaty con-
cluded between the French King and Duke of Sa-

voy, 284. The Heads of the Treaty, 284, zgg.
The Duke of Savoy refufes to ratify the Treaty,
.291. Reflc(ftions upon that Tre»ty, 295. The'
Pence entirely concluded, 304. Treaty at Bul-
loigne, ibid. An er.iA and cu.'iouj relation of the
Tranfaiftions in that I'rqaty, 186, iz6. The true
cjufcs of the Rupture of that Treaty, 232, 233.
Aitidcs propofed by the Englijh Commiflio.iets re-
lating to Commerce with France, with thj anfweis
of the French Commilfioners, 389. The En^ttfi
Commiffioners reply, 391. Some further Propoli-
tions on the part of the EngUJli, yji. The Proro-
gation of that Treaty, 394.

TiiEMoiiiLiE, Duke of. His Condudt upon the Accu-
fations laid ag.iinft him by the French King, 457.

Tbesham, Mr. 45, jr. Writes to Mr. Secretary Ce-
cyll,4S, 49. His offers are rejedled by the Queen,
72.

Tkivulcio, Count, 435.

Tuscany, JJuchefsof, delivered of a Son, 93.

TvRONNE, Earl of, treats with the Earl ot Efex in
Ireland, toy. His infolent Propolitions , 119.
Threatens to continue the War till he can cftabliHi
the Catholick Religion, 142. The Queen refolves
to profcribe him, 231. Joins his Forces with the
Spaniards, 370. Is entirely routed by the Lord
Mountjoy, ibid.

VAdeville, Monfieur, fent Ambaffador by the
Archdiske to the Emperor, 372. The fubjeft
of his Commiffion, ibid.

Vaine, Sir Thonias, 22.

Valenti, Arminio, Secretary to Cardinal Aldobran-
dini waits upon the French King, 262. His Com-
miffion, ibid.

Valois, Marguerette de. Queen of France, the pro-
ceedings in the Divorce between her and Henry the
Fourth, irj. Refufes to own her Marriage v/as
obtained by force, ibid. Is obliged at laft to com-
ply, 116. The grounds of the proceeding in het
Divorce, 131. The Sentence of Divorce pro-
nounced againft her, 136.

Varenne, Monfieur, 364. His extraordinary rife,
380. His Character, ibid.

Velasco. Don Lewis, 368.

Venice, Agent of, 24. The fubftance of his Confe-
rences with the EngUjlo Refident, 25S, 159, 261.
fee Winwood.

Vere, Sir Francis, 368, 371.

Verginio, Don, attends Mary de Medicis to Marfeils,
275. An account of his Quarrel with the Cardinal
Aldobrandini at Florence, ibid. Is well received in
England, 292.

Verryken, Monfieur, Ambaffador from the Arch-
duke, the fubftance of his Conference with the Eng-
lifl) Mmiflers, 157.

Vic, Monfisur de, appointed by the French Iving Am-*
baffador in SwiJJi-rland, upon the death of Mon-
fieur Morfontaine, 236.

Vienne, Monfieur de, 82.

ViGNoLEs, Baron de, 349.

Villebouche, Monfieur, 3S5.

ViLiEROY, Monfieur de, 16, 19, 24, 36, 50, 54,.56i
61, 6%, 66, 73, 74, 75, 80, 103, 106, io8i 114,
115, 125, 127, 128, 135, 136, 152, i6r, 163, 164,
168, 169, 184, 234, 236, 240, 250J 251, 279,
280, 293,295, 2(}6, 313, 314, 316, 318, 332,

335. 344. 346, 351. 355. 36f. 372.. 373. 375.
4or, 402, 403, 436, 438, 457. The firft Confe-
rence between him and Sir Henry Neville, 31, 32,
33. His aniwer to Sir Henry Nevill's firfi Letter,
38, 39. The fubftance of the fecond Conference
between him and Sir Henry Neville, 6zj 63, 64,
, The fubftance of his third Conference with the
Englijli Ambaffador, 77, 78, 79. Informs the Eng-
liili Ambaffador of the Spanifi Preparations againfl
Ireland, 83. The fubftance of his fourth Confe-
rence with Sir Henry Neville, 84. Is a great fa-
vourer of the Jefuits, 85. No Friend to the Eng.-

m

INDEX.

Vtjh Nation, 94. His fifth Conference with the
Engliih AmbJiTador, 102, 103. His Letter to Sir
Henry Neville, 113, il.[. His lixih CoTjference
with the Englijli Anabaffador, 130, 131. His fe-
venth Conference with the EngUJli AmbafTador,
147, 148, 149, 150. The fubilance of his eighth
Conference with the Engl}]]) AmbalTador, 180, 181,
181. His Opinion of tlie Treaty between Eng-
land and Spain, 14;, 146. Is entirely devoted-to
Rome, 32,7. His Opinion of the War in Elan-
ders, 386.
Vjschi, Count de, AmbalTador from the Duke of
Savay to the Court of France, 431. The fub-
ftance of his Commiffion, 431.

W.

Teems, Lord, difcovers the King of Scots Nego-
tiations with the Pope, 37. Is recommend-
ea to the Secretary by the KngUJli Ambaffador, 41.

Westmorland, Earl of, dies, 3^4.

Willis, Mr. 219.

WiLLOuGHBY, Lord, carries Jjhfeild out of Scctland,
231. Is fent with Lord Scroop to the Marches of
Scotland, 133. The occafion of their going, itid.

WiNGFEiLD, Sir Richard, 370.

WiNwooD, Ralph, 81, 185. Appointed Refident at
Pans 111 the abfence of Sir Henry Neville, 217.
His Conference with the Ambaffador of Scotland,
229. His Reflcdions upon tlie French King's Con-
dud in the War againft the Uuke of Savoy, 24c.
The fubftance of his Conferences with the Florentine
Ambaffador, 244, 256, 257. His feveral Confe-
rences with Monfieur Villeroy, 144, 279, 313, 332,

334, 355. 355. 375- 381. 386, 401, 402-, 403.
436, 457. The lubftance of what paffed at his
firfl: Audience of the French King, 152. His Con-
ferences with the Venetian Ambaffador, in order to
induce them to joyn an ofFcrnfive Alliance againft
Spain, 258, 259, 261. Difcourres at large upon the
Rupture of the Treaty with Spain, and the Con-
fequences of that Peace to England, 260. His Re-
fledions upon the ftate of the War between France
and Savoy, 268. The fubftance of his Conference
with the Dul<e of Florence's Secretary , 269. His
Conference with the Chancellor abou: the rcftraining
the Englifl] Manufadures, 279 Returns to Paris,
289. Obtains a fufpenfion of the Arret againit
the Englifl} Manufadures, 305. Condoles with Sir
Henry Neville vipon his Misfortunes, il/id. Dclires
an Ambaffador may be fent to tefide at Paris, 306.
Relates to the French King the manner of the Earl
oi Ujfex'iTtu\, andjullifies the Queen's Condud

therein, 309, 311. Urges the payment of the
Queen's Debt, 312. His- Scheme tor an Alliance
with the ylrchduhe, 314. His Judgment of the
French Councils and Alliance, 31J. The fub-
(iance of his Conference with Monlieur de Thou,
319. With Monfieur de Mejfe, ibid. And with
the Duke of Bouillon, 328. Confers with the
Chancellor and Monfieur de Chattez. about Com-
merce, 334. The fubftance of what paffed at his
Audience of the King, 334. Confers with the
Duke of Kohan, 336. Recommends the caufe of
Monfieur de Villars to the Secretary, 338. In-
forms the Secretary of the King of Spain's defigns
in Ireland, 338, 340. Follows the French King to
Calais, 344. In his Audience of the French King,
informs him of the landing of the Spaniards m
Ireland, 353. Urges the French King to join in
the Relief of Oftend, 354. And the payment of
the Queen's Debt, 'ib'td. Confers with Monfieur
de Rhofny upon the fame fubjed, 35-5. Complains
to the King of the Spanifli Ships being vidualled in
the French Ports, 360. And that the Pope was
joined with the King of Spain in the attempt in
Ireland, -^61. His Judgment upon the Pofture of
Affairs in France, and Reafons why the French
King will not enter into a War with Spain, 372.
Relates to the French King the Vidory in Ireland,
374, 381. The King's Refledions on the King of
Spain's Condud, 375. Urges a IDticfat m Spain,
376, 38r, 382, 3S4, 386, 400. His Scheme op-
pofed by Monfieur de Rhofny and Villeroy, 384,
387. Refledions upon Monfieur de Rhofny's Pro-
jed, 385. \nfo\msihi French K'ltig of the ftatc of the
Treaty of Commerce between the two Crowns,
399, 400. Confers with Monfieur de Rhofny and
Villeroy upon the fame Affair, 402, 403. Confers
with Antonio Perez upon the King ot Spain's de-
figns, 404, 4o<;. ExpoltuUtes the wrong done the
Queen in fheltering rhe SpaniJIj Ships in the Har-
bours of Britanny, 436. His further Refledions
upon the French Court and Councils, 437. De-
fires to be recalled, 438. His behaviour upon an
Affront offered him, 453. Some Imputations laid
upon him by the French Minifters, 457. Juftifies
his Condud in thofe particulars, ibid. His Con-
dud approved by the Secretary, 460. Recalled,
ibid His account of Queen Elizabeth's laft fick-
nefs and death, 460, 461.

Z.

Ancy, Monfieur de, 94.
, ZuNiGA, Don Balthazer de, 24:.

FINIS.

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